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</button> <ul id="toc-Teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Buffalo_Semi_Pro_Football_League" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buffalo_Semi_Pro_Football_League"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Buffalo Semi Pro Football League</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buffalo_Semi_Pro_Football_League-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rochester_sandlot_circuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rochester_sandlot_circuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Rochester sandlot circuit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rochester_sandlot_circuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_New_York_division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_New_York_division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Central New York division</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_New_York_division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unaffiliated" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unaffiliated"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Unaffiliated</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unaffiliated-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Precursor to NFL</div> <p>The <b>New York Pro Football League</b> (<b>NYPFL</b>) was a professional <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> league, active in the 1910s, and based in <a href="/wiki/Upstate_New_York" title="Upstate New York">upstate New York</a>, primarily <a href="/wiki/Western_New_York" title="Western New York">Western New York</a>. Between 1920 and 1921, the league's best teams were absorbed into the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>, though none survive in that league. It was one of the biggest challengers to the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_League" title="Ohio League">Ohio League</a> in professional football in the 1910s. </p><p>Its formation was highly informal. The teams were largely clustered around the two cities of <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a>, with rural teams to fill the differences. Rochester had built its reputation around a strong <a href="/wiki/Street_football_(American)" title="Street football (American)">"sandlot football"</a> circuit, for instance, and was most popular when it consisted mostly of local teams. Rochester's best team, the Jeffersons, was instrumental in bringing the NYPFL and the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_League" title="Ohio League">Ohio League</a> together to form the American Professional Football Association. The circuit continued to exist even after the birth of the APFA (with the NYPFL teams continuing to play in both circuits), with the league finally dwindling away in the late 1920s and early 1930s. One NYPFL team, the <a href="/wiki/Watertown_Red_%26_Black" title="Watertown Red & Black">Watertown Red & Black</a>, still survives. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Known_champions">Known champions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Known champions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NYPFL's championship games were mostly held in <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a>, either at the <a href="/wiki/International_Fair_Association_Grounds" title="International Fair Association Grounds">International Fair Association Grounds</a> or at <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Baseball_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo Baseball Park">Buffalo Baseball Park</a>. The games were generally <a href="/wiki/NFL_on_Thanksgiving_Day" title="NFL on Thanksgiving Day">held on Thanksgiving</a>. </p> <ul><li>1908: Buffalo Oakdales 7–2–2</li> <li>1909: Buffalo Oakdales 5–1–0</li> <li>1910: Buffalo Cazenovias 9–1–1 [The Cazenovias outscored their opponents 192-0 in the 10 game season, tying with the previous year's champion Oakdales 0-0 for a season record of 9-0-1. "The Cazenovias and Oakdales played a post-season game, November 27th. A dispute arose in the second half, with only seven minutes to play, which could not be amicably settled and the referee forfeited the game to the Oakdales, 1 to 0.” <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>]</li> <li>1911: Buffalo Cazenovias 6–0–1</li> <li>1912: <i>records incomplete</i></li> <li>1913: Lancaster 8–0–1</li> <li>1914: All-Lancaster 6–0–1</li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Jeffersons" title="Rochester Jeffersons">Rochester Jeffersons</a> 3–1–3 <i>(records incomplete)</i></li> <li>1916: <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Jeffersons" title="Rochester Jeffersons">Rochester Jeffersons</a></li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/Tonawanda_Kardex" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonawanda Kardex">All-Tonawanda</a>, def. Rochester Jeffersons 9–7</li> <li>1918: <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_(1920s_NFL_teams)" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo (1920s NFL teams)">Buffalo Niagaras</a>. <ul><li><i>Due to war and flu concerns in 1918, Buffalo played a six-game schedule (all wins) only in its own city. The Jeffersons continued operating, including a game against the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Heralds" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Heralds">Detroit Heralds</a> and one game against a local squad, but never challenged Buffalo to a title match.</i></li></ul></li> <li>1919: See below</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1919_playoffs">1919 playoffs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1919 playoffs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NYPFL is believed to have been the first professional football league to use a <a href="/wiki/Playoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Playoff">playoff</a> format (as opposed to a single-game championship) in 1919. </p><p>The Buffalo Semi-Pro, Rochester, and Central New York divisions were known to have championships. In the Buffalo division, the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_(NFL)" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo (NFL)">Buffalo Prospects</a> defeated the <a href="/wiki/Tonawanda_Kardex" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonawanda Kardex">Tonawanda Lumberjacks</a> by a score of 12-7. In Central New York, <a href="/wiki/Syracuse_Pros" title="Syracuse Pros">All-Syracuse</a> defeated the <a href="/wiki/Watertown_Red_%26_Black" title="Watertown Red & Black">Watertown Red & Black</a> and advanced to face Buffalo the next week. Buffalo defeated Syracuse 23-0. The <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Jeffersons" title="Rochester Jeffersons">Rochester Jeffersons</a> won the Rochester circuit title. </p><p>This led to the two-game "New York Pro Championship" between the Buffalo and Rochester divisions over Thanksgiving weekend in 1919, with the Buffalo Prospects defeating the Rochester Jeffersons by a score of 20-0 in the second of two games (the first, held on Thanksgiving Day, was a scoreless tie, necessitating a <a href="/wiki/Replay_(sports)" title="Replay (sports)">rematch</a>). </p><p>Playoffs and championships were abandoned after the 1919 season once the NFL formed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_in_the_NFL's_founding"><span id="Role_in_the_NFL.27s_founding"></span>Role in the NFL's founding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Role in the NFL's founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both Buffalo and Rochester had significant ties to the teams in the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_League" title="Ohio League">Ohio League</a>, stemming back to 1917, when both teams went <a href="/wiki/Barnstorm_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnstorm (sports)">barnstorming</a> in Ohio. The Jeffersons were able to land a game against the top team in the nation, the <a href="/wiki/Canton_Bulldogs" title="Canton Bulldogs">Canton Bulldogs</a>, where Jeffersons owner <a href="/wiki/Leo_Lyons_(American_football)" title="Leo Lyons (American football)">Leo Lyons</a> suggested to Bulldogs coach <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe">Jim Thorpe</a> and owner <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hay" title="Ralph Hay">Ralph Hay</a> that a league format could eventually become as popular as <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buffalo, too, had connections to the Ohio League. In addition to a team of "Buffalo All-Stars" barnstorming in 1917 against the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Heralds" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit Heralds">Detroit Heralds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Massillon_Tigers" title="Massillon Tigers">Massillon Tigers</a>, Buffalo quarterback <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Hughitt" title="Tommy Hughitt">Tommy Hughitt</a> had moonlighted as a member of the Ohio League's <a href="/wiki/Youngstown_Patricians" title="Youngstown Patricians">Youngstown Patricians</a>. </p><p>When the Ohio League owners moved to make a national league in 1920, Buffalo and Rochester, being familiar to the league owners, were invited to join, and both accepted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teams">Teams</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Teams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buffalo_Semi_Pro_Football_League">Buffalo Semi Pro Football League</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Buffalo Semi Pro Football League"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_(NFL)" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo (NFL)">Buffalo Niagaras/Prospects</a></b>. Two teams led by utility player <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Hughitt" title="Tommy Hughitt">Tommy Hughitt</a>; Hughitt's teams were the best in the league. Joined the NFL in 1920 as the Buffalo All-Americans, where it played until 1927, and was revived for one last season in 1929. Successor to the <b>Buffalo All-Stars</b>, who played from 1915 to 1917.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tonawanda_Kardex" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonawanda Kardex">All-Tonawanda Lumberjacks</a></b>. An all-star team of players from <a href="/wiki/Tonawanda,_New_York" title="Tonawanda, New York">Tonawanda, New York</a>; known to have formed in 1916 and coached for its entire existence by <a href="/wiki/Tam_Rose" title="Tam Rose">Tam Rose</a>. Joined the NFL in 1921 as the <i>Tonawanda Lumbermen</i>, or, under its sponsored name, as <i>Tonawanda Kardex</i> (after title sponsor Rand Kardex), but folded after one game in the league.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buffalo_Pierce-Arrows&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buffalo Pierce-Arrows (page does not exist)">Buffalo Pierce-Arrows</a></b>. Team sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Pierce-Arrow" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierce-Arrow">Pierce-Arrow</a> automobile manufacturer.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buffalo_Oakdales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buffalo Oakdales (page does not exist)">Buffalo Oakdales</a></b>. Said to be an early dominant team in Buffalo semiprofessional football, but had fallen by the wayside by 1912 and folded around 1915.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=All-Buffalo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="All-Buffalo (page does not exist)">All-Buffalo</a>.</b> An all-star team from Buffalo that existed in some form until at least 1921.</li> <li><b>West Buffalo.</b> Existed until at least 1920.</li> <li><b>Tonawanda Frontiers.</b> Another Tonawanda-based team, the Frontiers existed from the late 1910s through at least 1925.</li> <li><b>Lancaster Malleables</b> Based in <a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_New_York" title="Lancaster, New York">Lancaster, New York</a>. Won the league championship in 1913 and 1914.</li> <li><b>Fort Porter 74th Infantry Division</b>. A team based at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Porter" title="Fort Porter">Fort Porter</a> from the time of its reactivation in 1917 to at least 1920.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rochester_sandlot_circuit">Rochester sandlot circuit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Rochester sandlot circuit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Jeffersons" title="Rochester Jeffersons">Rochester Jeffersons</a></b>. Based in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a>; they were the best team among a number of other Rochester-based teams. Joined the NFL in 1920, and played until 1925.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rochester_Scalpers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rochester Scalpers (page does not exist)">Rochester Scalpers</a></b>. One of many Rochester-based teams; existed until at least 1920.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rochester_Oxfords&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rochester Oxfords (page does not exist)">Rochester Oxfords</a></b>. Another of many Rochester-based teams, and one of the better ones; it peaked in 1922 under the leadership of Romey Farrell. It existed until at least 1926, in its latter years, solely as a semiprofessional team.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York#Neighborhoods" title="Rochester, New York">Dutchtown</a> Russers</b>. Team backed by local wrestler Max Russer.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York#Neighborhoods" title="Rochester, New York">19th Ward</a> Regals</b>. Operated by Leo Powers, founded 1920, ended 1921.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_New_York_division">Central New York division</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Central New York division"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_Pros" title="Syracuse Pros">All-Syracuse</a></b>. Based in <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">Syracuse, New York</a>. Traces its history to the Syracuse Athletic Club, which was founded in 1890. May have joined the NFL in 1921, though there is significant doubt regarding this.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Watertown_Red_%26_Black" title="Watertown Red & Black">Watertown Red and Blacks</a></b>. Based in <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_New_York" title="Watertown, New York">Watertown, New York</a>. The team never joined the NFL, but is the only one still in operation today; it is known today as the Watertown Red & Black and operates as a semiprofessional member of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_Football_League" title="Empire Football League">Empire Football League</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Fulton_and_Oswego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="All Fulton and Oswego (page does not exist)">All Fulton and Oswego</a></b>. Based in <a href="/wiki/Oswego_County,_New_York" title="Oswego County, New York">Oswego County, New York</a>. Appears most frequently in historical records as a regional rival to the Red & Black.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unaffiliated">Unaffiliated</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Unaffiliated"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/New_York_Pro_Football_League" title="Special:EditPage/New York Pro Football League">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamestown_Alcos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamestown Alcos (page does not exist)">Jamestown Alcos</a></b>. Based in <a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_New_York" title="Jamestown, New York">Jamestown, New York</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geneva_Glenwoods&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geneva Glenwoods (page does not exist)">Geneva Glenwoods</a></b>. Based in <a href="/wiki/Geneva,_New_York" title="Geneva, New York">Geneva, New York</a>; oddly, this team had a home field that had no goal posts, which meant that no field goals could be attempted.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endicott-Johnson_Athletic_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Endicott-Johnson Athletic Association (page does not exist)">Endicott-Johnson Athletic Association</a></b>. Based in <a href="/wiki/Binghamton,_New_York" title="Binghamton, New York">Binghamton, New York</a>; existed until at least 1921.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=LeRoy_(football)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LeRoy (football) (page does not exist)">LeRoy</a></b>. Unnamed team from <a href="/wiki/LeRoy,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="LeRoy, New York">LeRoy, New York</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kanaweola_Athletic_Club" title="Kanaweola Athletic Club">Kanaweola Athletic Club</a></b> (some spellings have <i>Ranaweola</i>). Based in <a href="/wiki/Elmira,_New_York" title="Elmira, New York">Elmira, New York</a>. Known to have existed in 1902, since they hosted the first ever night game in professional football, against the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics_(NFL)" title="Philadelphia Athletics (NFL)">Philadelphia Athletics</a>. Kanaweola lost the game, 39-0. Status unknown afterward.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Football_League" title="History of the National Football League">History of the National Football League</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wnypfra.org/pre1920s.htm">WNY Pro Football Researchers Association chapter</a> information on Western New York teams prior to 1920</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billsbackers.com/articlespre1960.htm">billsbackers.com</a> includes three articles, including two on the 1918 and 1919 seasons and one with a general history of pro football in Buffalo</li> <li>Sye, Roy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.independentfootball.site90.com/FootballResearch/unofficial_independent.htm">http://www.independentfootball.site90.com/FootballResearch/unofficial_independent.htm</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Pro_Football_League&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Buffalo Courier, 25 Dec 1910, Sun, p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.footballresearch.com/articles/frpage.cfm?topic=rochster">THE TOWN THAT HATED PRO FOOTBALL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060319230728/http://www.footballresearch.com/articles/frpage.cfm?topic=rochster">Archived</a> 2006-03-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Pro Football Researchers Association. 1981.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_Pro_Football_League" title="Template:New York Pro Football League"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_Pro_Football_League" title="Template talk:New York Pro Football League"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_Pro_Football_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York Pro Football League"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Pro_Football_League37" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York Pro Football League</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tonawanda_Kardex_Lumbermen" title="Tonawanda Kardex Lumbermen">All-Tonawanda Lumberjacks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_(NFL)" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo (NFL)">Buffalo Niagaras/Prospects</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kanaweola_Athletic_Club" title="Kanaweola Athletic Club">Kanaweola Athletic Club</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Jeffersons" title="Rochester Jeffersons">Rochester Jeffersons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_Pros" title="Syracuse Pros">All-Syracuse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Watertown_Red_%26_Black" title="Watertown Red & Black">Watertown Red & Black</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_football_in_the_United_States611" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_football_in_the_United_States" title="Template:American football in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_American_football" title="Early history of American football">Early</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_Union" title="American Football Union">American Football Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_Football_Association" title="Intercollegiate Football Association">Intercollegiate Football Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_(1902)" title="National Football League (1902)">National Football League (1902)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York Pro Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_League" title="Ohio League">Ohio League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Pennsylvania_Professional_Football_Circuit" title="Western Pennsylvania Professional Football Circuit">Western Pennsylvania Professional Football Circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Series_of_Football_(1902%E2%80%9303)" title="World Series of Football (1902–03)">World Series of Football (1902–03)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_American_football" title="Modern history of American football">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada">Major</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-America_Football_Conference" title="All-America Football Conference">All-America Football Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1926)" title="American Football League (1926)">American Football League (1926)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League" title="American Football League">American Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1936)" title="American Football League (1936)">American Football League (1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1940)" title="American Football League (1940)">American Football League (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Football_League" title="United States Football League">United States Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Football_League" title="World Football League">World Football League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minor_league" title="Minor league">Minor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_American_Football" title="Alliance of American Football">Alliance of American Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_(American_football)" title="American Association (American football)">American Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthracite_League" title="Anthracite League">Anthracite League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Coast_Football_League" title="Atlantic Coast Football League">Atlantic Coast Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Football_League" title="Continental Football League">Continental Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixie_League_(American_football)" title="Dixie League (American football)">Dixie League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Football_League_(1935%E2%80%931940)" title="Midwest Football League (1935–1940)">Midwest Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NFL_Europe" title="NFL Europe">NFL Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Professional_Football_League" title="Pacific Coast Professional Football League">Pacific Coast Professional Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(1961%E2%80%931964)" title="United Football League (1961–1964)">United Football League (1961–1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(2009%E2%80%932012)" title="United Football League (2009–2012)">United Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Football_League_(2022)" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Football League (2022)">United States Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XFL_(2001)" title="XFL (2001)">XFL (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XFL_(2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="XFL (2020)">XFL (2020)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Developmental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Spring_League" title="The Spring League">The Spring League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Your_Call_Football" title="Your Call Football">Your Call Football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Halls of fame</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Professional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="College Football Hall of Fame">College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Arena Football Hall of Fame">Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_Football_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor Football Hall of Fame">Indoor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Professional_gridiron_football" title="Professional gridiron football">Professional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Football_League" title="History of the National Football League">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NFL_playoffs" title="NFL playoffs">Playoffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFC_Championship_Game" title="AFC Championship Game">AFC Championship Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NFC_Championship_Game" title="NFC Championship Game">NFC Championship Game</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Bowl" title="Pro Bowl">Pro Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minor_league_football_(gridiron)" title="Minor league football (gridiron)">Other outdoor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A7FL" title="A7FL">American 7s Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(2024)" title="United Football League (2024)">United Football League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indoor_American_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor American football">Indoor leagues</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Arena_League" title="American Arena League">American Arena League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_Association" title="Arena Football Association">Arena Football Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_West_Football_Conference" title="American West Football Conference">American West Football Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_League" title="Arena Football League">Arena Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indoor_Football" title="American Indoor Football">American Indoor Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champions_Indoor_Football" title="Champions Indoor Football">Champions Indoor Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_Football_League" title="Indoor Football League">Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Arena_League" title="National Arena League">National Arena League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Arena_Football" title="Great Lakes Arena Football">Great Lakes Arena Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_Controlled_Football" title="Fan Controlled Football">Fan Controlled Football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed leagues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Patriot_League" title="American Patriot League">American Patriot League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Spring_Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="American Spring Football League">American Spring Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Football_League" title="Freedom Football League">Freedom Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Arena_League" title="The Arena League">The Arena League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Football_Researchers_Association" title="Professional Football Researchers Association">Researchers Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">College</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Bowl_Subdivision" title="NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision">FBS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_football_national_championships_in_NCAA_Division_I_FBS" title="College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS">National championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Football_Playoff_National_Championship" title="College Football Playoff National Championship">Playoff National Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Football_Playoff" title="College Football Playoff">Playoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_game" title="Bowl game">Bowl game</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Championship_Subdivision" title="NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision">FCS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Championship" title="NCAA Division I Football Championship">Championship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics" title="National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics">NAIA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NAIA_Football_National_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NAIA Football National Championship">National Championship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Junior_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Junior College Athletic Association">NJCAA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NJCAA_National_Football_Championship" title="NJCAA National Football Championship">Championship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Signing_Day" title="National Signing Day">National Signing Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Junior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/High_school_football" title="High school football">High school</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Football_National_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="High School Football National Championship">High School Football National Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_State_High_School_Associations" title="National Federation of State High School Associations">National Federation of State High School Associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Signing_Day" title="National Signing Day">National Signing Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Youth / middle</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Youth_Football" title="American Youth Football">American Youth Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_Warner_Little_Scholars" title="Pop Warner Little Scholars">Pop Warner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_American_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's American football">Women's</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legends_Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Legends Football League">Extreme Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Women%27s_Football_League" title="United States Women's Football League">United States Women's Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Football_Alliance" title="Women's Football Alliance">Women's Football Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_National_Football_Conference" title="Women's National Football Conference">Women's National Football Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USA_Football" title="USA Football">USA Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_men%27s_national_American_football_team" title="United States men's national American football team">National men's team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_women%27s_national_American_football_team" title="United States women's national American football team">National women's team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_football_films" title="List of American football films">List of American football films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_American_football" title="Donald Trump and American football">Donald Trump and American football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:American_football_in_the_United_States" title="Category:American football in the United States">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:American_football_in_the_United_States" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:American football in the United States">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:American_football" title="Portal:American football">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Professional_gridiron_football_leagues_in_North_America235" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Professional_gridiron_football_leagues_in_North_America" title="Template:Professional gridiron football leagues in North America"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Professional_gridiron_football_leagues_in_North_America" title="Template talk:Professional gridiron football leagues in North America"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Professional_gridiron_football_leagues_in_North_America" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Professional gridiron football leagues in North America"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Professional_gridiron_football_leagues_in_North_America235" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Professional <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_and_Canadian_football_leagues" title="List of American and Canadian football leagues">gridiron football leagues</a> in North America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="American_football235" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada">Major</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (1920–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minor_league_football_(gridiron)" title="Minor league football (gridiron)">Other</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A7FL" title="A7FL"> American 7s Football League</a> (2015–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liga_de_F%C3%BAtbol_Americano_Profesional" title="Liga de Fútbol Americano Profesional">Liga de Fútbol Americano Profesional</a> (2016–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(2024)" title="United Football League (2024)">United Football League</a> (2024–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct national</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1926)" title="American Football League (1926)">American Football League (1926)</a>²</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1936)" title="American Football League (1936)">American Football League (1936–1937)</a></span>²</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1940)" title="American Football League (1940)">American Football League (1940–1941)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-America_Football_Conference" title="All-America Football Conference">All-America Football Conference</a>² (1945–1949)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League" title="American Football League">American Football League</a> (1960–1969)¹</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Football_League" title="Continental Football League">Continental Football League</a> (1965–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Football_League" title="World Football League">World Football League</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Football_League" title="United States Football League">United States Football League</a> (1983–1985)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/NFL_Europe" title="NFL Europe">World League of American Football/NFL Europe/NFL Europa</a>³</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XFL_(2001)" title="XFL (2001)">XFL (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(2009%E2%80%932012)" title="United Football League (2009–2012)">United Football League (2009–2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_American_Football" title="Alliance of American Football">Alliance of American Football</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/XFL_(2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="XFL (2020)">XFL</a> (2020, 2023)*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Football_League_(2022)" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Football League (2022)">United States Football League</a> (2022–2023)*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_Union" title="American Football Union">American Football Union</a> (1886–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Pennsylvania_Professional_Football_Circuit" title="Western Pennsylvania Professional Football Circuit">Western Pennsylvania Professional Football Circuit</a>** (1890–1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_League" title="Ohio League">Ohio League</a>² (1902–1919)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York Pro Football League</a>² (1908–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_(1902)" title="National Football League (1902)">National Football League (1902)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthracite_League" title="Anthracite League">Anthracite League</a>² (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_League_of_Professional_Football" title="Eastern League of Professional Football">Eastern League of Professional Football</a> (1926–1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1934)" title="American Football League (1934)">American Football League (1934)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Football_League_(1935%E2%80%931940)" title="Midwest Football League (1935–1940)">Midwest Football League (1935–1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixie_League_(American_football)" title="Dixie League (American football)">Dixie League</a>³ (1936–1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_(American_football)" title="American Association (American football)">American Association (American football)</a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Football_League_(1935%E2%80%931940)" title="Midwest Football League (1935–1940)">American Football League (1938–1939)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Pennsylvania_Football_League" title="Eastern Pennsylvania Football League">Eastern Pennsylvania Football League</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Professional_Football_League" title="Pacific Coast Professional Football League">Pacific Coast Professional Football League</a>³ (1940–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1944)" title="American Football League (1944)">American Football League (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_(American_football)" title="American Association (American football)">American Football League (1946–1950)</a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_Conference_(1959%E2%80%931961)" title="American Football Conference (1959–1961)">American Football Conference (1959–1961)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(1961%E2%80%931964)" title="United Football League (1961–1964)">United Football League (1961–1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Coast_Football_League" title="Atlantic Coast Football League">Atlantic Coast Football League</a>³ (1962–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Football_League_(1962%E2%80%931978)" title="Midwest Football League (1962–1978)">Midwest Football League (1962–1978)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Football_League_of_America" title="Professional Football League of America">Professional Football League of America</a> (1965–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Football_League" title="Texas Football League">Texas Football League</a> (1966–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaboard_Football_League" title="Seaboard Football League">Seaboard Football League</a> (1971–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Football_Association_(1977%E2%80%931983)" title="American Football Association (1977–1983)">American Football Association (1977–1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Football_League" title="Regional Football League">Regional Football League</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Football_League" title="Spring Football League">Spring Football League</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Football_League_(2008%E2%80%932010)" title="World Football League (2008–2010)">World Football League (2008–2010)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stars_Football_League" title="Stars Football League">Stars Football League</a> (2011–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_Experimental_Football_League" title="Fall Experimental Football League">Fall Experimental Football League</a> (2014–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BAtbol_Americano_de_M%C3%A9xico" title="Fútbol Americano de México">Fútbol Americano de México</a> (2019–2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>¹ <a href="/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93NFL_merger" title="AFL–NFL merger">Merged into the NFL</a>. All teams still active as members of the NFL's <a href="/wiki/American_Football_Conference" title="American Football Conference">American Football Conference</a>.</li> <li>² Teams moved to NFL</li> <li>³ Official NFL minor league; see also <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Professional_Football_Leagues" title="Association of Professional Football Leagues">Association of Professional Football Leagues</a></li> <li>* Merged into the UFL, still active as conferences within</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Canadian_football235" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_football" title="Canadian football">Canadian football</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada">Major</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Football_League" title="Canadian Football League">Canadian Football League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Direct</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Division_(CFL)" title="East Division (CFL)">Interprovincial Rugby Football Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Division_(CFL)" title="West Division (CFL)">Western Interprovincial Football Union</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Other</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Rugby_Football_Union" title="Ontario Rugby Football Union">Ontario Rugby Football Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Rugby_Football_Union" title="Quebec Rugby Football Union">Quebec Rugby Football Union</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Junior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Football_League" title="Atlantic Football League">Atlantic Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Junior_Football_League" title="Canadian Junior Football League">Canadian Junior Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Junior_Football_League" title="Quebec Junior Football League">Quebec Junior Football League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Arena/Indoor_football235" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arena_football" title="Arena football">Arena/Indoor football</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Arena_League" title="American Arena League">American Arena League 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_One_(2025)" title="Arena Football One (2025)">Arena Football One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Arena_Football" title="Great Lakes Arena Football">Great Lakes Arena Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_Football_League" title="Indoor Football League">Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Arena_League" title="National Arena League">National Arena League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Arena_League" title="The Arena League">The Arena League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Indoor_Football" title="American Indoor Football">American Indoor Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indoor_Football_Alliance" title="American Indoor Football Alliance">American Indoor Football Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Professional_Football_League" title="American Professional Football League">American Professional Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_West_Football_Conference" title="American West Football Conference">American West Football Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_Association" title="Arena Football Association">Arena Football Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_League" title="Arena Football League">Arena Football League</a> (1987–2008, 2010–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_League_(2024)" title="Arena Football League (2024)">Arena Football League (2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AF2" title="AF2">arenafootball2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_Pro_Football" class="mw-redirect" title="Arena Pro Football">Arena Pro Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can-Am_Indoor_Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Can-Am Indoor Football League">Can-Am Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champions_Indoor_Football" title="Champions Indoor Football">Champions Indoor Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champions_Professional_Indoor_Football_League" title="Champions Professional Indoor Football League">Champions Professional Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Indoor_Football_League" title="Continental Indoor Football League">Continental Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Indoor_Football_Alliance" title="Independent Indoor Football Alliance">Independent Indoor Football Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_Football_League_(1999%E2%80%932000)" title="Indoor Football League (1999–2000)">Indoor Football League (1999–2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_Professional_Football_League" title="Indoor Professional Football League">Indoor Professional Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intense_Football_League" title="Intense Football League">Intense Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_Football_League" title="Lone Star Football League">Lone Star Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Indoor_Football_League" title="National Indoor Football League">National Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Indoor_Football_League_(1998)" title="Professional Indoor Football League (1998)">Professional Indoor Football League (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Indoor_Football_League" title="Professional Indoor Football League">Professional Indoor Football League (2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Indoor_Football_League" title="Southern Indoor Football League">Southern Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Indoor_Football" title="Supreme Indoor Football">Supreme Indoor Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_Indoor_Football_League" title="Ultimate Indoor Football League">Ultimate Indoor Football League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Indoor_Football" title="United Indoor Football">United Indoor Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-League_Indoor_Football" title="X-League Indoor Football">X-League Indoor Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Indoor_Football_League_(2007)" title="World Indoor Football League (2007)">World Indoor Football League (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Series_of_Football_(1902%E2%80%9303)" title="World Series of Football (1902–03)">World Series of Football (1902–03)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On hiatus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fan_Controlled_Football" title="Fan Controlled Football">Fan Controlled Football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Women&#039;s_football235" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_gridiron_football" title="Women's gridiron football">Women's football </a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outdoor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Football_Alliance" title="Women's Football Alliance">Women's Football Alliance</a> (2009–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Women%27s_Football_League" title="United States Women's Football League">United States Women's Football League</a> (2009–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_National_Football_Conference" title="Women's National Football Conference">Women's National Football Conference</a> (2018–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct Outdoor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Professional_Football_League_(1965%E2%80%931973)" title="Women's Professional Football League (1965–1973)">Women's Professional Football League</a> (1965–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Football_League" title="National Women's Football League">National Women's Football League</a> (1974–1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Professional_Football_League" title="Women's Professional Football League">Women's Professional Football League</a> (1999–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Football_Association" title="National Women's Football Association">National Women's Football Association</a> (2000–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Women%27s_Football_League" title="Independent Women's Football League">Independent Women's Football League</a> (2000–2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arena_football" title="Arena football">Arena football</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/X_League_(women%27s_football)" title="X League (women's football)"> X League</a> (2009–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" 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