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GitHub - UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500: A GPU-based Graph500 implementation providing compressed data movements.
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17.9125 8.46625C18.6138 9.23625 19.04 10.2125 19.04 11.4225C19.04 15.6437 16.4688 16.5787 14.0213 16.8537C14.42 17.1975 14.7638 17.8575 14.7638 18.8887C14.7638 20.36 14.75 21.5425 14.75 21.9137C14.75 22.2025 14.9563 22.5462 15.5063 22.4362C19.8513 20.9787 23 16.8537 23 12C23 5.9225 18.0775 1 12 1Z"></path> </svg> </a> <div class="flex-1 flex-order-2 text-right"> <a href="/login?return_to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FUniHD-CEG%2Fgpugraph500" class="HeaderMenu-link HeaderMenu-button d-inline-flex d-lg-none flex-order-1 f5 no-underline border color-border-default rounded-2 px-2 py-1 color-fg-inherit js-prevent-focus-on-mobile-nav" data-hydro-click="{"event_type":"authentication.click","payload":{"location_in_page":"site header menu","repository_id":null,"auth_type":"SIGN_UP","originating_url":"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500","user_id":null}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="72e24962511f62b4d6133a5ddfed793482d63238927ffc01b231773f0d0bab64" data-analytics-event="{"category":"Marketing nav","action":"click to Sign in","label":"ref_page:Marketing;ref_cta:Sign in;ref_loc:Header"}" > Sign in </a> </div> </div> <div class="HeaderMenu js-header-menu height-fit position-lg-relative d-lg-flex flex-column flex-auto top-0"> <div class="HeaderMenu-wrapper d-flex flex-column flex-self-start flex-lg-row flex-auto rounded rounded-lg-0"> <nav class="HeaderMenu-nav" aria-label="Global"> <ul class="d-lg-flex list-style-none"> <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item"> <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false"> Product <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down 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data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copilot color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M23.922 16.992c-.861 1.495-5.859 5.023-11.922 5.023-6.063 0-11.061-3.528-11.922-5.023A.641.641 0 0 1 0 16.736v-2.869a.841.841 0 0 1 .053-.22c.372-.935 1.347-2.292 2.605-2.656.167-.429.414-1.055.644-1.517a10.195 10.195 0 0 1-.052-1.086c0-1.331.282-2.499 1.132-3.368.397-.406.89-.717 1.474-.952 1.399-1.136 3.392-2.093 6.122-2.093 2.731 0 4.767.957 6.166 2.093.584.235 1.077.546 1.474.952.85.869 1.132 2.037 1.132 3.368 0 .368-.014.733-.052 1.086.23.462.477 1.088.644 1.517 1.258.364 2.233 1.721 2.605 2.656a.832.832 0 0 1 .053.22v2.869a.641.641 0 0 1-.078.256ZM12.172 11h-.344a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355.508C10.703 12.455 9.555 13 7.965 13c-1.725 0-2.989-.359-3.782-1.259a2.005 2.005 0 0 1-.085-.104L4 11.741v6.585c1.435.779 4.514 2.179 8 2.179 3.486 0 6.565-1.4 8-2.179v-6.585l-.098-.104s-.033.045-.085.104c-.793.9-2.057 1.259-3.782 1.259-1.59 0-2.738-.545-3.508-1.492a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355-.508h-.016.016Zm.641-2.935c.136 1.057.403 1.913.878 2.497.442.544 1.134.938 2.344.938 1.573 0 2.292-.337 2.657-.751.384-.435.558-1.15.558-2.361 0-1.14-.243-1.847-.705-2.319-.477-.488-1.319-.862-2.824-1.025-1.487-.161-2.192.138-2.533.529-.269.307-.437.808-.438 1.578v.021c0 .265.021.562.063.893Zm-1.626 0c.042-.331.063-.628.063-.894v-.02c-.001-.77-.169-1.271-.438-1.578-.341-.391-1.046-.69-2.533-.529-1.505.163-2.347.537-2.824 1.025-.462.472-.705 1.179-.705 2.319 0 1.211.175 1.926.558 2.361.365.414 1.084.751 2.657.751 1.21 0 1.902-.394 2.344-.938.475-.584.742-1.44.878-2.497Z"></path><path d="M14.5 14.25a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-5 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">GitHub Copilot</div> Write better code with AI </div> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" 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</a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"actions","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"actions_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/features/actions"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-workflow color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M1 3a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6.5a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v6.5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7v4.063C7 16.355 7.644 17 8.438 17H12.5v-2.5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2H21a2 2 0 0 1 2 2V21a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-6.5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-2.5H8.437A2.939 2.939 0 0 1 5.5 15.562V11.5H3a2 2 0 0 1-2-2Zm2-.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v6.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h6.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V3a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5ZM14.5 14a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5V21a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5H21a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Actions</div> Automate any 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0-.25-.25Z"></path><path d="M10 17.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h6.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-6.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75Zm-4 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Codespaces</div> Instant dev environments </div> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"issues","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"issues_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/features/issues"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-issue-opened color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1ZM2.5 12a9.5 9.5 0 0 0 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 0 0 0 9.5-9.5A9.5 9.5 0 0 0 12 2.5 9.5 9.5 0 0 0 2.5 12Zm9.5 2a2 2 0 1 1-.001-3.999A2 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1.75h-9.69l-3.573 3.573A1.458 1.458 0 0 1 5 21.043V18.5H3.25a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75-1.75ZM3.25 4a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v12.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v3.19l3.72-3.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .53-.22h10a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V4.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Code Review</div> Manage code changes </div> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"discussions","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"discussions_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/features/discussions"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-comment-discussion color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M1.75 1h12.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v9.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 14H8.061l-2.574 2.573A1.458 1.458 0 0 1 3 15.543V14H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 12.25v-9.5C0 1.784.784 1 1.75 1ZM1.5 2.75v9.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.19l2.72-2.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .53-.22h6.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-9.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H1.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25Z"></path><path d="M22.5 8.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h3.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v9.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 22.25 20H21v1.543a1.457 1.457 0 0 1-2.487 1.03L15.939 20H10.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9 18.25v-1.465a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.465c0 .138.112.25.25.25h5.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .53.22l2.72 2.72v-2.19a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h2a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-9.5Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Discussions</div> Collaborate outside of code </div> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"code_search","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"code_search_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/features/code-search"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-code-square color-fg-subtle mr-3"> <path d="M10.3 8.24a.75.75 0 0 1-.04 1.06L7.352 12l2.908 2.7a.75.75 0 1 1-1.02 1.1l-3.5-3.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.1l3.5-3.25a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06.04Zm3.44 1.06a.75.75 0 1 1 1.02-1.1l3.5 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.1l-3.5 3.25a.75.75 0 1 1-1.02-1.1l2.908-2.7-2.908-2.7Z"></path><path d="M2 3.75C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2h16.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v16.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 20.25 22H3.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 20.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v16.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h16.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V3.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">Code Search</div> Find more, search less </div> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4"> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 border-lg-bottom-0 border-bottom-0"> <span class="d-block h4 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12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path> </svg> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item"> <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false"> Solutions <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1"> <path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 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Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"view_all_industries","context":"solutions","tag":"link","label":"view_all_industries_link_solutions_navbar"}" href="/solutions/industry"> View all industries </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="HeaderMenu-trailing-link rounded-bottom-2 flex-shrink-0 mt-lg-4 px-lg-4 py-4 py-lg-3 f5 text-semibold"> <a href="/solutions"> View all solutions <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right HeaderMenu-trailing-link-icon"> <path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item"> <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false"> Resources <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1"> <path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path> </svg> </button> <div class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 pb-2 pb-lg-4 d-lg-flex flex-wrap dropdown-menu-wide"> <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4 border-lg-right mb-4 mb-lg-0 pr-lg-7"> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 border-lg-bottom-0"> <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="resources-topics-heading">Topics</span> <ul 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data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-link-external HeaderMenu-external-icon color-fg-subtle"> <path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path> </svg> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"executive_insights","context":"resources","tag":"link","label":"executive_insights_link_resources_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/solutions/executive-insights"> Executive Insights </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item"> <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false"> Open Source <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1"> <path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path> </svg> </button> <div class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 pb-2 pb-lg-4 px-lg-4"> <div class="HeaderMenu-column"> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 pb-lg-3 mb-3 mb-lg-0 mb-lg-3"> <ul class="list-style-none f5" > <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"github_sponsors","context":"open_source","tag":"link","label":"github_sponsors_link_open_source_navbar"}" href="/sponsors"> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">GitHub Sponsors</div> Fund open source developers </div> </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 pb-lg-3 mb-3 mb-lg-0 mb-lg-3"> <ul class="list-style-none f5" > <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"the_readme_project","context":"open_source","tag":"link","label":"the_readme_project_link_open_source_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/readme"> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">The ReadME Project</div> GitHub community articles </div> </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="border-bottom pb-3 pb-lg-0 border-bottom-0"> <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="open-source-repositories-heading">Repositories</span> <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="open-source-repositories-heading"> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"topics","context":"open_source","tag":"link","label":"topics_link_open_source_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/topics"> Topics </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"trending","context":"open_source","tag":"link","label":"trending_link_open_source_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/trending"> Trending </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" 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seriously.</p> <textarea name="feedback" class="form-control width-full mb-2" style="height: 120px" id="feedback"></textarea> <input name="include_email" id="include_email" aria-label="Include my email address so I can be contacted" class="form-control mr-2" type="checkbox"> <label for="include_email" style="font-weight: normal">Include my email address so I can be contacted</label> </form></div> </scrollable-region> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-footer Overlay-footer--alignEnd"> <button data-close-dialog-id="feedback-dialog" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="btn"> Cancel </button> <button form="code-search-feedback-form" data-action="click:qbsearch-input#submitFeedback" type="submit" data-view-component="true" class="btn-primary btn"> Submit feedback </button> </div> </dialog></dialog-helper> <custom-scopes data-target="qbsearch-input.customScopesManager"> <dialog-helper> <dialog data-target="custom-scopes.customScopesModalDialog" data-action="close:qbsearch-input#handleDialogClose cancel:qbsearch-input#handleDialogClose" id="custom-scopes-dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="custom-scopes-dialog-title" aria-describedby="custom-scopes-dialog-description" data-view-component="true" class="Overlay Overlay-whenNarrow Overlay--size-medium Overlay--motion-scaleFade Overlay--disableScroll"> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-header Overlay-header--divided"> <div class="Overlay-headerContentWrap"> <div class="Overlay-titleWrap"> <h1 class="Overlay-title " id="custom-scopes-dialog-title"> Saved searches </h1> <h2 id="custom-scopes-dialog-description" class="Overlay-description">Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly</h2> </div> <div class="Overlay-actionWrap"> <button data-close-dialog-id="custom-scopes-dialog" aria-label="Close" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="close-button Overlay-closeButton"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" 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data-target="react-partial.embeddedData">{"props":{"initialPayload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"path":"/","repo":{"id":61638574,"defaultBranch":"master","name":"gpugraph500","ownerLogin":"UniHD-CEG","currentUserCanPush":false,"isFork":false,"isEmpty":false,"createdAt":"2016-06-21T14:03:42.000Z","ownerAvatar":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/18739949?v=4","public":true,"private":false,"isOrgOwned":true},"currentUser":null,"refInfo":{"name":"master","listCacheKey":"v0:1466549283.0","canEdit":false,"refType":"branch","currentOid":"14c8aa3bac25f3969400276a0367f479b62d36ce"},"tree":{"items":[{"name":"b40c","path":"b40c","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"cpu_2d","path":"cpu_2d","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"eval","path":"eval","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"scripts","path":"scripts","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"test","path":"test","contentType":"directory"},{"name":".gitignore","path":".gitignore","contentType":"file"},{"name":"README.md","path":"README.md","contentType":"file"}],"templateDirectorySuggestionUrl":null,"readme":null,"totalCount":7,"showBranchInfobar":false},"fileTree":null,"fileTreeProcessingTime":null,"foldersToFetch":[],"treeExpanded":false,"symbolsExpanded":false,"isOverview":true,"overview":{"banners":{"shouldRecommendReadme":false,"isPersonalRepo":false,"showUseActionBanner":false,"actionSlug":null,"actionId":null,"showProtectBranchBanner":false,"publishBannersInfo":{"dismissActionNoticePath":"/settings/dismiss-notice/publish_action_from_repo","releasePath":"/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/releases/new?marketplace=true","showPublishActionBanner":false},"interactionLimitBanner":null,"showInvitationBanner":false,"inviterName":null,"actionsMigrationBannerInfo":{"releaseTags":[],"showImmutableActionsMigrationBanner":false,"initialMigrationStatus":null}},"codeButton":{"contactPath":"/contact","isEnterprise":false,"local":{"protocolInfo":{"httpAvailable":true,"sshAvailable":null,"httpUrl":"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500.git","showCloneWarning":null,"sshUrl":null,"sshCertificatesRequired":null,"sshCertificatesAvailable":null,"ghCliUrl":"gh 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dir=\"auto\"\u003eTable Of Contents\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-table-of-contents\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Table Of Contents\" href=\"#table-of-contents\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#introduction\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#requirements\"\u003eRequirements\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#installation\"\u003eInstallation\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#downloading-and-decompressing\"\u003edownloading and decompressing\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#using-git\"\u003eusing git\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#build\"\u003eBuild\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#run\"\u003eRun\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#run-using-slurm\"\u003eRun (using SLURM)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#run-using-mpirun\"\u003eRun (using MPIRUN)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#profiling\"\u003eProfiling\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#zones\"\u003ezones\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#system-variables\"\u003esystem variables\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#compression-benchmarking-tool\"\u003ecompression benchmarking tool\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#instrumentation\"\u003einstrumentation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#options\"\u003eOptions\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#build-options\"\u003ebuild options\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#execution-options\"\u003eexecution options\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary\"\u003ecurrently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#troubleshooting\"\u003eTroubleshooting\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#future-work\"\u003eFuture work\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#authors\"\u003eAuthors\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#license\"\u003eLicense\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#resources\"\u003eResources\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-introduction\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Introduction\" href=\"#introduction\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eRecent research projects have investigated partitioning, acceleration, and data reduction techniques for improving the performance of Breadth First Search (BFS) and the related HPC benchmark, Graph500. However, few implementations have focused on cloud-based systems like Amazon's Web Services, which differ from HPC systems in several ways, most importantly in terms of network interconnect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis codebase is evaluated in a related paper, Optimizing Communication for a 2D-Partitioned Scalable BFS, presented at the 2016 High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC 2016). This implementation supports optimizations to reduce the communication overhead of an accelerated, distributed BFS on an HPC system and a smaller cloud-like system that contains GPUs. In particular, this code implements an efficient 2D partitioning scheme and allreduce implementation, as well as different CPU-based compression schemes for reducing the overall amount of data shared between nodes. Timing and Score-P profiling results detailed in the paper demonstrate a dramatic reduction in row and column frontier queue data (up to 91%) and show that compression can improve performance for a bandwidth-limited cluster.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eRequirements\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-requirements\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Requirements\" href=\"#requirements\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eC compiler; C++ Compiler with c++11 support. (tested on gcc 4.7)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMPI implementation: tested on OpenMPI. MPICH2 is not fully supported.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCUDA 6+ for NVIDIA GPU-based BFS.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSSE2 support (SSE4+ support recommended) for SIMD compression.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScalasca (Score-P) and CUBE4+ for instrumentation and profiling (Optional)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSystem packages: \u003ccode\u003elibtool\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eautomake\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eInstallation\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-installation\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Installation\" href=\"#installation\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003edownloading and decompressing\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-downloading-and-decompressing\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: downloading and decompressing\" href=\"#downloading-and-decompressing\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ wget https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/archive/master.zip\n$ unzip master.zip\n$ cd gpugraph500-master\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ wget https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/archive/master.zip\n$ unzip master.zip\n$ cd gpugraph500-master\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eusing git\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-using-git\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: using git\" href=\"#using-git\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ git clone https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500.git\n$ cd gpugraph500\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ git clone https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500.git\n$ cd gpugraph500\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eBuild\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-build\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Build\" href=\"#build\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe code to compile is in the folder \u003ccode\u003ecpu_2d/\u003c/code\u003e. To build the binary:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFirst build: (or when editing \u003ccode\u003econfigure.ac\u003c/code\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ cd cpu_2d\n$ ./autogen.sh [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below.\n$ make\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ cd cpu_2d\n$ ./autogen.sh [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below.\n$ make\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eConsecutive builds:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ cd cpu_2d\n$ ./configure [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below.\n$ make\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ cd cpu_2d\n$ ./configure [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below.\n$ make\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e(1) for further help check the \u003ca href=\"#build-options\"\u003eavailable options\u003c/a\u003e or run \u003ccode\u003e./configure --help\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eRun\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-run\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Run\" href=\"#run\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eRun (using SLURM)\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-run-using-slurm\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Run (using SLURM)\" href=\"#run-using-slurm\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ cd eval/\n$ sbatch o16p8n.rsh 22 # (Replace 22 with Scale Factor)\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ cd eval/\n$ sbatch o16p8n.rsh 22 # (Replace 22 with Scale Factor)\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eRun (using MPIRUN)\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-run-using-mpirun\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Run (using MPIRUN)\" href=\"#run-using-mpirun\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eRun a test with 16 proccesses in 8 nodes, using Scale Factor 21\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ cd cpu_2d/\n$ mpirun -np 16 ../cpu_2d/g500 -s 22 -C 4 -gpus 1 -qs 2 -be \u0026quot;s4-bp128-d4\u0026quot; -btr 64 -btc 64\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ cd cpu_2d/\n$ mpirun -np 16 ../cpu_2d/g500 -s 22 -C 4 -gpus 1 -qs 2 -be \"s4-bp128-d4\" -btr 64 -btc 64\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eSee a full description of the \u003ca href=\"#execution-options\"\u003eoptions\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary\"\u003eavailable codecs\u003c/a\u003e below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eProfiling\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-profiling\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Profiling\" href=\"#profiling\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis application allows the code to be instrumented in zones using Score-P (Scalasca) with low overhead.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003ezones\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-zones\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: zones\" href=\"#zones\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe names of the instrumented zones are listed below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cmarkdown-accessiblity-table\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eZone (label)\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth align=\"right\"\u003eExplanation\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_vertexBroadcast\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eInitial vertices broadcast (No compression)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_localExpansion\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003ePredecessor List Reduction (No compression)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_columnCommunication\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eColumn communication phase (Compression)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_rowCommunication\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eRow communication phase (Compression)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_Compression\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eRow compression (type convertions + compression/ encoding)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_Decompression\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eRow decompression (type convertions + decompression/ encoding)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCPUSIMD_region_encode\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003ecompression or decompression/ encoding\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_vreduceCompr\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eColumn compression (type convertions + compression/ encoding)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBFSRUN_region_vreduceDecompr\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eColumn decompression (type convertions + decompression/ encoding)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/markdown-accessiblity-table\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003esystem variables\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-system-variables\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: system variables\" href=\"#system-variables\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe following example asumes an installation of CUBE and scalasca in \u003ccode\u003e$HOME/cube\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003e$HOME/scorep\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ cat \u0026gt;\u0026gt; ~/.bashrc \u0026lt;\u0026lt; EOF\nexport G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=yes\n\nexport SCOREP_CUDA_BUFFER=48M\nexport SCOREP_CUDA_ENABLE=no\nexport SCOREP_ENABLE_PROFILING=true\nexport SCOREP_ENABLE_TRACING=false\nexport SCOREP_PROFILING_FORMAT=CUBE4\nexport SCOREP_TOTAL_MEMORY=12M\nexport SCOREP_VERBOSE=no\nexport SCOREP_PROFILING_MAX_CALLPATH_DEPTH=330\n\nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/cube/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\nexport PATH=$HOME/cube/bin:$PATH\nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\nexport PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH\nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\nexport PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH\nEOF\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ cat \u0026gt;\u0026gt; ~/.bashrc \u0026lt;\u0026lt; EOF\nexport G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=yes\n\nexport SCOREP_CUDA_BUFFER=48M\nexport SCOREP_CUDA_ENABLE=no\nexport SCOREP_ENABLE_PROFILING=true\nexport SCOREP_ENABLE_TRACING=false\nexport SCOREP_PROFILING_FORMAT=CUBE4\nexport SCOREP_TOTAL_MEMORY=12M\nexport SCOREP_VERBOSE=no\nexport SCOREP_PROFILING_MAX_CALLPATH_DEPTH=330\n\nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/cube/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\nexport PATH=$HOME/cube/bin:$PATH\nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\nexport PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH\nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\nexport PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH\nEOF\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe variable \u003ccode\u003eG500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA\u003c/code\u003e set to yes will enable the required runtime instrumentor of Scalasca.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003ecompression benchmarking tool\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-compression-benchmarking-tool\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: compression benchmarking tool\" href=\"#compression-benchmarking-tool\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eSee TurboPFOR in \u003ca href=\"#resources\"\u003eResources\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003einstrumentation\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-instrumentation\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: instrumentation\" href=\"#instrumentation\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eResults will be stored in folders with the format \u003ccode\u003escorep-*\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003ePossible ways of instrumenting:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe provided \u003ccode\u003escripts/Profiling/Statistics.sh\u003c/code\u003e script. The options must be changed inside the script. Text output\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eUsing CUBE (text output)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$HOME/cube/bin/cube_stat -p -m time -r BFSRUN_region_Compression,BFSRUN_region_Decompression,CPUSIMD_region_encode,BFSRUN_region_vreduceCompr,BFSRUN_region_vreduceDecompr profile.cubex\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$HOME/cube/bin/cube_stat -p -m time -r BFSRUN_region_Compression,BFSRUN_region_Decompression,CPUSIMD_region_encode,BFSRUN_region_vreduceCompr,BFSRUN_region_vreduceDecompr profile.cubex\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFlag -m in \u003ccode\u003ecube_stat\u003c/code\u003e may be set to: time or bytes_sent\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing scorep-score (text ouptut)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ scorep-score -r [zone1,zone2,zone3....] profile.cubex\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ scorep-score -r [zone1,zone2,zone3....] profile.cubex\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eSee the available \u003ca href=\"#zones\"\u003ezones\u003c/a\u003e section, for further information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing CUBE (graphical interface)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ $HOME/cube/bin/cube profile.cubex\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ $HOME/cube/bin/cube profile.cubex\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eOptions\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-options\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Options\" href=\"#options\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003ecurrently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: currently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary\" href=\"#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cmarkdown-accessiblity-table\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eLemire's SIMDCompression codecs\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth align=\"right\"\u003eNotes\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003evarintg8iu\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003efastpfor\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003evarint\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003evbyte\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003emaskedvbyte\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003estreamvbyte\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eframeofreference\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003esimdframeofreference\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003evarintgb\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eBased on a talk by Jeff Dean (Google)\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-fastpfor-d4\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-fastpfor-dm\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-fastpfor-d1\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-fastpfor-d2\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ebp32\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eibp32\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-bp128-d1-ni\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-bp128-d2-ni\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-bp128-d4-ni\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-bp128-dm\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eCodec used as default\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-bp128-d1\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-bp128-d2\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003es4-bp128-d4\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003efor\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd align=\"right\"\u003eOriginal FOR\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/markdown-accessiblity-table\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003ebuild options\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-build-options\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: build options\" href=\"#build-options\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"`configure' configures gpugraph500 1.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.\n\nUsage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...\n\nTo assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as\nVAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.\n\nDefaults for the options are specified in brackets.\n\nConfiguration:\n -h, --help display this help and exit\n --help=short display options specific to this package\n --help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages\n -V, --version display version information and exit\n -q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages\n --cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]\n -C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'\n -n, --no-create do not create output files\n --srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']\n\nInstallation directories:\n --prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX\n [/usr/local]\n --exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX\n [PREFIX]\n\nBy default, `make install' will install all the files in\n`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc. You can specify\nan installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',\nfor instance `--prefix=$HOME'.\n\nFor better control, use the options below.\n\nProgram names:\n --program-prefix=PREFIX prepend PREFIX to installed program names\n --program-suffix=SUFFIX append SUFFIX to installed program names\n --program-transform-name=PROGRAM run sed PROGRAM on installed program names\n\nSystem types:\n --build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed]\n --host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]\n\nOptional Features:\n --disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options\n --disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)\n --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]\n --disable-dependency-tracking speeds up one-time build\n --enable-dependency-tracking do not reject slow dependency extractors\n --enable-bfs-basic-profiling\n It is related with instrumentation. Displays\n statistical data on each BFS run. (Enabled by\n default)\n --enable-other-basic-profiling\n It is related with instrumentation. Displays\n gpugraph500 default statistics. (Enabled by default)\n --enable-scorep It is related with instrumentation. Enables\n instrumentation with Scalasca/ScoreP. ScoreP must be\n detected by ./configure. (Disabled by default)]\n --enable-compression It is related with data compression. Enables data\n compression through the network. This option is\n available only when --enable-cuda (BFS runs using\n CUDA) is active (default). (Enabled by default)\n --enable-simd It is related with data compression. MPI packets\n will be sent compressed using the PFOR-delta D.\n Lemire SIMDCompression library. It is only active if\n --enable-compression is selected. It will be enabled\n by default if --enable-compression is active and no\n compression method is selected. (Enabled by default)\n --enable-simd+ It is related with data compression. MPI packets\n will be sent compressed using a PFOR-delta improved\n library: Turbo-PFOR. It is only active if\n --enable-compression is selected. (Disabled by\n default)\n --enable-simt It is related with data compression. Use CUDA\n implementation for data compression. Not implemented\n yet. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-debug-compression\n It is related with data compression. Shows\n statistics of compression rate, time of compression,\n codec, ETC. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-verify-compression\n It is related with data compression. Sends both\n compressed and decompressed data through the\n network. Checks decompression after transmission.\n (Disabled by default)\n --enable-aggressive-optimizations\n It is related with optimizations. Enables aggressive\n compiler optimizations on the compiler. (Disabled\n by default)\n --enable-openmp It is related with optimizations. Enables or\n disables both --enable-cuda-openmp and\n --enable-general-openmp. This option overrides both\n openmp settings. (Not set by default)\n --enable-cuda-openmp Related with optimizations. Selects whether OpenMP\n will be enabled. This option applies to CUDA C\n files. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-general-openmp It is related with optimizations. Selects whether\n OpenMP will be enabled. This option applies to\n general C and C++ files. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-cuda Use the CUDA implementation of the BFS runs.\n Requires NVIDIA hardware support. Enabled by default\n --enable-ptxa-optimizations\n It is related with optimizations. Selects whether\n CUDA assembly (PTXAS) will be optimized or not. This\n option will only be used if --enable-cuda is present\n (default). The default PTXAS optimization is -O3.\n (Disabled by default)\n --enable-nvidia-architecture= fermi|kepler|auto|detect\n Selects the NVIDIA target architecture. Requires --enable-cuda to be selected (default). Default option is 'detect'. In case detection does not succeed 'all'\n mode is selected.\n --enable-debug Provides extra traces at runtime. (Disabled by\n default)\n --enable-debugging It is related with debugging. Enables -g option on\n compiler (debugging). (Disabled by default)\n --enable-quiet It is related with debugging. Disable compile\n mensages when running make. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-portable-binary\n disable compiler optimizations that would produce\n unportable binaries\n --enable-cc-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error\n Turn on C compiler warnings. Default selection is\n maximum\n --enable-iso-c Try to warn if code is not ISO C\n --enable-cxx-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error\n Turn on C++ compiler warnings. Default selection is\n maximum\n --enable-iso-cxx Try to warn if code is not ISO C++\n\nOptional Packages:\n --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]\n --without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)\n --with-mpi=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; absolute path to the MPI root directory. It should\n contain bin/ and include/ subdirectories.\n --with-mpicc=mpicc name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicc)\n --with-mpicxx=mpicxx name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicxx)\n --with-cuda=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; Use CUDA library. If argument is \u0026lt;empty\u0026gt; that means\n the library is reachable with the standard search\n path \u0026quot;/usr\u0026quot; or \u0026quot;/usr/local\u0026quot; (set as default).\n Otherwise you give the \u0026lt;path\u0026gt; to the directory which\n contain the library.\n --with-gcc-arch=\u0026lt;arch\u0026gt; use architecture \u0026lt;arch\u0026gt; for gcc -march/-mtune,\n instead of guessing\n --with-opencl=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; prefix to location of OpenCL include directory\n [default=auto]\n --with-scorep=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; Use SCOREP profiler. If argument is \u0026lt;empty\u0026gt; that\n means the library is reachable with the standard\n search path (set as default). Otherwise you give the\n \u0026lt;path\u0026gt; to the directory which contain the library.\n\nSome influential environment variables:\n CXXFLAGS C++ compiler flags\n CFLAGS C compiler flags\n CXX C++ compiler command\n LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L\u0026lt;lib dir\u0026gt; if you have libraries in a\n nonstandard directory \u0026lt;lib dir\u0026gt;\n LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l\u0026lt;library\u0026gt;\n CPPFLAGS (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I\u0026lt;include dir\u0026gt; if\n you have headers in a nonstandard directory \u0026lt;include dir\u0026gt;\n CC C compiler command\n CPP C preprocessor\n\nUse these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help\nit to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.\n\nReport bugs to the package provider.\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e`configure' configures gpugraph500 1.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.\n\nUsage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...\n\nTo assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as\nVAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.\n\nDefaults for the options are specified in brackets.\n\nConfiguration:\n -h, --help display this help and exit\n --help=short display options specific to this package\n --help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages\n -V, --version display version information and exit\n -q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages\n --cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]\n -C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'\n -n, --no-create do not create output files\n --srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']\n\nInstallation directories:\n --prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX\n [/usr/local]\n --exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX\n [PREFIX]\n\nBy default, `make install' will install all the files in\n`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc. You can specify\nan installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',\nfor instance `--prefix=$HOME'.\n\nFor better control, use the options below.\n\nProgram names:\n --program-prefix=PREFIX prepend PREFIX to installed program names\n --program-suffix=SUFFIX append SUFFIX to installed program names\n --program-transform-name=PROGRAM run sed PROGRAM on installed program names\n\nSystem types:\n --build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed]\n --host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]\n\nOptional Features:\n --disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options\n --disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)\n --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]\n --disable-dependency-tracking speeds up one-time build\n --enable-dependency-tracking do not reject slow dependency extractors\n --enable-bfs-basic-profiling\n It is related with instrumentation. Displays\n statistical data on each BFS run. (Enabled by\n default)\n --enable-other-basic-profiling\n It is related with instrumentation. Displays\n gpugraph500 default statistics. (Enabled by default)\n --enable-scorep It is related with instrumentation. Enables\n instrumentation with Scalasca/ScoreP. ScoreP must be\n detected by ./configure. (Disabled by default)]\n --enable-compression It is related with data compression. Enables data\n compression through the network. This option is\n available only when --enable-cuda (BFS runs using\n CUDA) is active (default). (Enabled by default)\n --enable-simd It is related with data compression. MPI packets\n will be sent compressed using the PFOR-delta D.\n Lemire SIMDCompression library. It is only active if\n --enable-compression is selected. It will be enabled\n by default if --enable-compression is active and no\n compression method is selected. (Enabled by default)\n --enable-simd+ It is related with data compression. MPI packets\n will be sent compressed using a PFOR-delta improved\n library: Turbo-PFOR. It is only active if\n --enable-compression is selected. (Disabled by\n default)\n --enable-simt It is related with data compression. Use CUDA\n implementation for data compression. Not implemented\n yet. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-debug-compression\n It is related with data compression. Shows\n statistics of compression rate, time of compression,\n codec, ETC. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-verify-compression\n It is related with data compression. Sends both\n compressed and decompressed data through the\n network. Checks decompression after transmission.\n (Disabled by default)\n --enable-aggressive-optimizations\n It is related with optimizations. Enables aggressive\n compiler optimizations on the compiler. (Disabled\n by default)\n --enable-openmp It is related with optimizations. Enables or\n disables both --enable-cuda-openmp and\n --enable-general-openmp. This option overrides both\n openmp settings. (Not set by default)\n --enable-cuda-openmp Related with optimizations. Selects whether OpenMP\n will be enabled. This option applies to CUDA C\n files. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-general-openmp It is related with optimizations. Selects whether\n OpenMP will be enabled. This option applies to\n general C and C++ files. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-cuda Use the CUDA implementation of the BFS runs.\n Requires NVIDIA hardware support. Enabled by default\n --enable-ptxa-optimizations\n It is related with optimizations. Selects whether\n CUDA assembly (PTXAS) will be optimized or not. This\n option will only be used if --enable-cuda is present\n (default). The default PTXAS optimization is -O3.\n (Disabled by default)\n --enable-nvidia-architecture= fermi|kepler|auto|detect\n Selects the NVIDIA target architecture. Requires --enable-cuda to be selected (default). Default option is 'detect'. In case detection does not succeed 'all'\n mode is selected.\n --enable-debug Provides extra traces at runtime. (Disabled by\n default)\n --enable-debugging It is related with debugging. Enables -g option on\n compiler (debugging). (Disabled by default)\n --enable-quiet It is related with debugging. Disable compile\n mensages when running make. (Disabled by default)\n --enable-portable-binary\n disable compiler optimizations that would produce\n unportable binaries\n --enable-cc-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error\n Turn on C compiler warnings. Default selection is\n maximum\n --enable-iso-c Try to warn if code is not ISO C\n --enable-cxx-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error\n Turn on C++ compiler warnings. Default selection is\n maximum\n --enable-iso-cxx Try to warn if code is not ISO C++\n\nOptional Packages:\n --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]\n --without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)\n --with-mpi=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; absolute path to the MPI root directory. It should\n contain bin/ and include/ subdirectories.\n --with-mpicc=mpicc name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicc)\n --with-mpicxx=mpicxx name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicxx)\n --with-cuda=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; Use CUDA library. If argument is \u0026lt;empty\u0026gt; that means\n the library is reachable with the standard search\n path \"/usr\" or \"/usr/local\" (set as default).\n Otherwise you give the \u0026lt;path\u0026gt; to the directory which\n contain the library.\n --with-gcc-arch=\u0026lt;arch\u0026gt; use architecture \u0026lt;arch\u0026gt; for gcc -march/-mtune,\n instead of guessing\n --with-opencl=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; prefix to location of OpenCL include directory\n [default=auto]\n --with-scorep=\u0026lt;path\u0026gt; Use SCOREP profiler. If argument is \u0026lt;empty\u0026gt; that\n means the library is reachable with the standard\n search path (set as default). Otherwise you give the\n \u0026lt;path\u0026gt; to the directory which contain the library.\n\nSome influential environment variables:\n CXXFLAGS C++ compiler flags\n CFLAGS C compiler flags\n CXX C++ compiler command\n LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L\u0026lt;lib dir\u0026gt; if you have libraries in a\n nonstandard directory \u0026lt;lib dir\u0026gt;\n LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l\u0026lt;library\u0026gt;\n CPPFLAGS (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I\u0026lt;include dir\u0026gt; if\n you have headers in a nonstandard directory \u0026lt;include dir\u0026gt;\n CC C compiler command\n CPP C preprocessor\n\nUse these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help\nit to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.\n\nReport bugs to the package provider.\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eexecution options\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-execution-options\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: execution options\" href=\"#execution-options\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-s Number - (SCALE_FACTOR)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-C Number - (2^SCALE_FACTOR) - This is also the value used in the the -np flag of \u003ccode\u003empirun\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-gpus Number - Number of GPUs per node. Currently, only the value 1 is fully tested.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-qs Number - Queue size as in B40C implementation, from 1 to 2 (e.g. 1.3).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-be \"Codec\" - \u003ca href=\"#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary\"\u003eCodec\u003c/a\u003e used when compression is enabled (--enable-compression)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-btc Number - Row Threshoold number: Frontier queue minimum size at which compression would start. Allows disabling compression for small queue sizes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003ee.g. \u003ccode\u003eg500 -s 22 -C 4 -gpus 1 -qs 1.1 -be \"s4-bp128-d4\" -btc 64\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eTroubleshooting\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-troubleshooting\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Troubleshooting\" href=\"#troubleshooting\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQ: In the .out file of Slurm/ Sbatch execution I get the text:\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"S=C=A=N: Abort: No SCOREP instrumentation found in target ../cpu_2d/g500\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eS=C=A=N: Abort: No SCOREP instrumentation found in target ../cpu_2d/g500\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA:\nThe instrumentation is activated for the runtime execution (i.e: the binary is being run prefixed with scalasca).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eDisable with:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"$ export G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=no\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e$ export G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=no\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eAuthors\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-authors\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Authors\" href=\"#authors\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eComputer Engineering Group at Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eand\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eSchool of Computer Science at Georgia Institute of Technology\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eLicense\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-license\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: License\" href=\"#license\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuane Merrill's BC40 (back40computing) is licenced under \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/tree/master/b40c/LICENSE.TXT\"\u003eBSD.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSIMDcompressionAndIntersection is licenced under \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/cpusimd/LICENSE\"\u003eApache 2 Licence.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlenka GPU database engine is licensed under \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/gpusimt/cudacompress.cu\"\u003eApache 2 License.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCopyright (c) 2016, Computer Engineering Group at Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Germany. All rights reserved.\nCopyright (c) 2016, School of Computer Science at Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. All rights reserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eRedistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without\nmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRedistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRedistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeither the name of\nRuprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg,\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\nnor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTHIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS \"AS IS\" AND\nANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED\nWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE\nDISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY\nDIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES\n(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;\nLOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND\nON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT\n(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS\nSOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eFuture work\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-future-work\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Future work\" href=\"#future-work\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eEmbed the \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/cpusimd/include/codecfactory.h#L106\"\u003ecompression encoding routines\u003c/a\u003e in the \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L536\"\u003ecommunication module\u003c/a\u003e (e.g. by using lambda functions). The \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/compression.hh#L15\"\u003ecurrent implementation\u003c/a\u003e does not allow code inlining by the Linker (due to the use of the \u003ccode\u003evirtual\u003c/code\u003e keyword).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eRemove \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/cpusimd.hh#L93\"\u003etype conversion\u003c/a\u003e in the compression calls (Using a \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/gpusimt/cudacompress.cu#L196\"\u003eGPU PFOR-compression implementation?\u003c/a\u003e). The associated paper demonstrates that while compression reduces overheads and data movement, the type conversion from 64 bit to 32 bit values for CPU-based compression can outweigh communication savings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAdd compression to the \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L230\"\u003ePredecessor List Reduction\u003c/a\u003e phase (this uncompressed data represents the ~90% of the total data movement once row and column data is sent compressed). Currently, this process is done as follows: (i) each node computes its Frontier Queue (FQ) vertices by aplying its FQ bitmap and transmits this, to the rest using a P2P communication fashion; the same process is done with the node's Predecessor List (PL) and the node's PL bitmap. (ii) this new integer sequence is transmitted using uncompressed \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L1081\"\u003eMPI_AllGatherv\u003c/a\u003e.\nAs result of applying the bitmap and then transmitting, the sent data results in a random-like, non ordered sequence of integers, and thus, it loses the data characteristics that enable this to achieve the reduction of the rows and columns transfer.\nA new \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L1001\"\u003eapproach\u003c/a\u003e, consisting on compressing first and then transfer would change this. Sending the four compressed data structures (FQ, FQ bitmap, PL, PL bitmap) using MPI_AllGatherv would enable each node to compute the general Predeccesor List, avoiding the P2P and \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L1081\"\u003eMPI_AllGatherv\u003c/a\u003e uncompressed transfers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eResources\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-resources\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Resources\" href=\"#resources\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/lemire/SIMDCompressionAndIntersection\"\u003eD. Lemire's SIMDCompression\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/powturbo/TurboPFor\"\u003eTurboPFOR SIMDCompression and Codec Benchmarking tool\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/antonmks/Alenka/blob/master/compress.cu\"\u003eAlenka's CUDA–PFOR Compression\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/article\u003e","loaded":true,"timedOut":false,"errorMessage":null,"headerInfo":{"toc":[{"level":1,"text":"Table Of Contents","anchor":"table-of-contents","htmlText":"Table Of Contents"},{"level":1,"text":"Introduction","anchor":"introduction","htmlText":"Introduction"},{"level":1,"text":"Requirements","anchor":"requirements","htmlText":"Requirements"},{"level":1,"text":"Installation","anchor":"installation","htmlText":"Installation"},{"level":2,"text":"downloading and decompressing","anchor":"downloading-and-decompressing","htmlText":"downloading and decompressing"},{"level":2,"text":"using git","anchor":"using-git","htmlText":"using git"},{"level":1,"text":"Build","anchor":"build","htmlText":"Build"},{"level":1,"text":"Run","anchor":"run","htmlText":"Run"},{"level":2,"text":"Run (using SLURM)","anchor":"run-using-slurm","htmlText":"Run (using SLURM)"},{"level":2,"text":"Run (using MPIRUN)","anchor":"run-using-mpirun","htmlText":"Run (using MPIRUN)"},{"level":1,"text":"Profiling","anchor":"profiling","htmlText":"Profiling"},{"level":2,"text":"zones","anchor":"zones","htmlText":"zones"},{"level":2,"text":"system variables","anchor":"system-variables","htmlText":"system variables"},{"level":2,"text":"compression benchmarking tool","anchor":"compression-benchmarking-tool","htmlText":"compression benchmarking tool"},{"level":2,"text":"instrumentation","anchor":"instrumentation","htmlText":"instrumentation"},{"level":1,"text":"Options","anchor":"options","htmlText":"Options"},{"level":2,"text":"currently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary","anchor":"currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary","htmlText":"currently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary"},{"level":2,"text":"build options","anchor":"build-options","htmlText":"build options"},{"level":2,"text":"execution options","anchor":"execution-options","htmlText":"execution options"},{"level":1,"text":"Troubleshooting","anchor":"troubleshooting","htmlText":"Troubleshooting"},{"level":1,"text":"Authors","anchor":"authors","htmlText":"Authors"},{"level":1,"text":"License","anchor":"license","htmlText":"License"},{"level":1,"text":"Future work","anchor":"future-work","htmlText":"Future work"},{"level":1,"text":"Resources","anchor":"resources","htmlText":"Resources"}],"siteNavLoginPath":"/login?return_to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FUniHD-CEG%2Fgpugraph500"}}],"overviewFilesProcessingTime":0}},"appPayload":{"helpUrl":"https://docs.github.com","findFileWorkerPath":"/assets-cdn/worker/find-file-worker-7d7eb7c71814.js","findInFileWorkerPath":"/assets-cdn/worker/find-in-file-worker-96e76d5fdb2c.js","githubDevUrl":null,"enabled_features":{"copilot_workspace":null,"code_nav_ui_events":false,"overview_shared_code_dropdown_button":false,"react_blob_overlay":false,"accessible_code_button":true,"github_models_repo_integration":false}}}}</script> <div data-target="react-partial.reactRoot"><style data-styled="true" data-styled-version="5.3.11">.iVEunk{margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;}/*!sc*/ 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0 1 0 1.5h-8.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5Zm0 5h8.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-8.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5Zm0 5h8.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-8.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5ZM2 14a1 1 0 1 1 0-2 1 1 0 0 1 0 2Zm1-6a1 1 0 1 1-2 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0ZM2 4a1 1 0 1 1 0-2 1 1 0 0 1 0 2Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 QkQOb js-snippet-clipboard-copy-unpositioned undefined" data-hpc="true"><article class="markdown-body entry-content container-lg" itemprop="text"><div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Table Of Contents</h1><a id="user-content-table-of-contents" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Table Of Contents" href="#table-of-contents"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li> <li><a href="#installation">Installation</a> <ul dir="auto"> <li><a href="#downloading-and-decompressing">downloading and decompressing</a></li> <li><a href="#using-git">using git</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#build">Build</a></li> <li><a href="#run">Run</a> <ul dir="auto"> <li><a href="#run-using-slurm">Run (using SLURM)</a></li> <li><a href="#run-using-mpirun">Run (using MPIRUN)</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#profiling">Profiling</a> <ul dir="auto"> <li><a href="#zones">zones</a></li> <li><a href="#system-variables">system variables</a></li> <li><a href="#compression-benchmarking-tool">compression benchmarking tool</a></li> <li><a href="#instrumentation">instrumentation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#options">Options</a> <ul dir="auto"> <li><a href="#build-options">build options</a></li> <li><a href="#execution-options">execution options</a></li> <li><a href="#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary">currently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li> <li><a href="#future-work">Future work</a></li> <li><a href="#authors">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="#license">License</a></li> <li><a href="#resources">Resources</a></li> </ul> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Introduction</h1><a id="user-content-introduction" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Introduction" href="#introduction"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Recent research projects have investigated partitioning, acceleration, and data reduction techniques for improving the performance of Breadth First Search (BFS) and the related HPC benchmark, Graph500. However, few implementations have focused on cloud-based systems like Amazon's Web Services, which differ from HPC systems in several ways, most importantly in terms of network interconnect.</p> <p dir="auto">This codebase is evaluated in a related paper, Optimizing Communication for a 2D-Partitioned Scalable BFS, presented at the 2016 High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC 2016). This implementation supports optimizations to reduce the communication overhead of an accelerated, distributed BFS on an HPC system and a smaller cloud-like system that contains GPUs. In particular, this code implements an efficient 2D partitioning scheme and allreduce implementation, as well as different CPU-based compression schemes for reducing the overall amount of data shared between nodes. Timing and Score-P profiling results detailed in the paper demonstrate a dramatic reduction in row and column frontier queue data (up to 91%) and show that compression can improve performance for a bandwidth-limited cluster.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Requirements</h1><a id="user-content-requirements" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Requirements" href="#requirements"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li>C compiler; C++ Compiler with c++11 support. (tested on gcc 4.7)</li> <li>MPI implementation: tested on OpenMPI. MPICH2 is not fully supported.</li> <li>CUDA 6+ for NVIDIA GPU-based BFS.</li> <li>SSE2 support (SSE4+ support recommended) for SIMD compression.</li> <li>Scalasca (Score-P) and CUBE4+ for instrumentation and profiling (Optional)</li> <li>System packages: <code>libtool</code>, <code>automake</code></li> </ul> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Installation</h1><a id="user-content-installation" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Installation" href="#installation"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">downloading and decompressing</h2><a id="user-content-downloading-and-decompressing" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: downloading and decompressing" href="#downloading-and-decompressing"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ wget https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/archive/master.zip $ unzip master.zip $ cd gpugraph500-master"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ wget https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/archive/master.zip $ unzip master.zip $ cd gpugraph500-master </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">using git</h2><a id="user-content-using-git" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: using git" href="#using-git"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ git clone https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500.git $ cd gpugraph500"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ git clone https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500.git $ cd gpugraph500 </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Build</h1><a id="user-content-build" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Build" href="#build"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">The code to compile is in the folder <code>cpu_2d/</code>. To build the binary:</p> <p dir="auto">First build: (or when editing <code>configure.ac</code>)</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ cd cpu_2d $ ./autogen.sh [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below. $ make"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ cd cpu_2d $ ./autogen.sh [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below. $ make </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">Consecutive builds:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ cd cpu_2d $ ./configure [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below. $ make"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ cd cpu_2d $ ./configure [option1 option2 ...] # See (1) below. $ make </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">(1) for further help check the <a href="#build-options">available options</a> or run <code>./configure --help</code></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Run</h1><a id="user-content-run" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Run" href="#run"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Run (using SLURM)</h2><a id="user-content-run-using-slurm" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Run (using SLURM)" href="#run-using-slurm"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ cd eval/ $ sbatch o16p8n.rsh 22 # (Replace 22 with Scale Factor)"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ cd eval/ $ sbatch o16p8n.rsh 22 # (Replace 22 with Scale Factor) </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Run (using MPIRUN)</h2><a id="user-content-run-using-mpirun" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Run (using MPIRUN)" href="#run-using-mpirun"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Run a test with 16 proccesses in 8 nodes, using Scale Factor 21</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ cd cpu_2d/ $ mpirun -np 16 ../cpu_2d/g500 -s 22 -C 4 -gpus 1 -qs 2 -be "s4-bp128-d4" -btr 64 -btc 64"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ cd cpu_2d/ $ mpirun -np 16 ../cpu_2d/g500 -s 22 -C 4 -gpus 1 -qs 2 -be "s4-bp128-d4" -btr 64 -btc 64 </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">See a full description of the <a href="#execution-options">options</a> and the <a href="#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary">available codecs</a> below.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Profiling</h1><a id="user-content-profiling" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Profiling" href="#profiling"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">This application allows the code to be instrumented in zones using Score-P (Scalasca) with low overhead.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">zones</h2><a id="user-content-zones" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: zones" href="#zones"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">The names of the instrumented zones are listed below.</p> <markdown-accessiblity-table><table> <thead> <tr> <th>Zone (label)</th> <th align="right">Explanation</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_vertexBroadcast</td> <td align="right">Initial vertices broadcast (No compression)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_localExpansion</td> <td align="right">Predecessor List Reduction (No compression)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_columnCommunication</td> <td align="right">Column communication phase (Compression)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_rowCommunication</td> <td align="right">Row communication phase (Compression)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_Compression</td> <td align="right">Row compression (type convertions + compression/ encoding)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_Decompression</td> <td align="right">Row decompression (type convertions + decompression/ encoding)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CPUSIMD_region_encode</td> <td align="right">compression or decompression/ encoding</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_vreduceCompr</td> <td align="right">Column compression (type convertions + compression/ encoding)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BFSRUN_region_vreduceDecompr</td> <td align="right">Column decompression (type convertions + decompression/ encoding)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></markdown-accessiblity-table> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">system variables</h2><a id="user-content-system-variables" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: system variables" href="#system-variables"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">The following example asumes an installation of CUBE and scalasca in <code>$HOME/cube</code> and <code>$HOME/scorep</code></p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ cat >> ~/.bashrc << EOF export G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=yes export SCOREP_CUDA_BUFFER=48M export SCOREP_CUDA_ENABLE=no export SCOREP_ENABLE_PROFILING=true export SCOREP_ENABLE_TRACING=false export SCOREP_PROFILING_FORMAT=CUBE4 export SCOREP_TOTAL_MEMORY=12M export SCOREP_VERBOSE=no export SCOREP_PROFILING_MAX_CALLPATH_DEPTH=330 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/cube/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$HOME/cube/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH EOF"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ cat >> ~/.bashrc << EOF export G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=yes export SCOREP_CUDA_BUFFER=48M export SCOREP_CUDA_ENABLE=no export SCOREP_ENABLE_PROFILING=true export SCOREP_ENABLE_TRACING=false export SCOREP_PROFILING_FORMAT=CUBE4 export SCOREP_TOTAL_MEMORY=12M export SCOREP_VERBOSE=no export SCOREP_PROFILING_MAX_CALLPATH_DEPTH=330 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/cube/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$HOME/cube/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/scorep/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$HOME/scorep/bin:$PATH EOF </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">The variable <code>G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA</code> set to yes will enable the required runtime instrumentor of Scalasca.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">compression benchmarking tool</h2><a id="user-content-compression-benchmarking-tool" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: compression benchmarking tool" href="#compression-benchmarking-tool"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">See TurboPFOR in <a href="#resources">Resources</a></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">instrumentation</h2><a id="user-content-instrumentation" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: instrumentation" href="#instrumentation"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Results will be stored in folders with the format <code>scorep-*</code>.</p> <p dir="auto">Possible ways of instrumenting:</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li> <p dir="auto">The provided <code>scripts/Profiling/Statistics.sh</code> script. The options must be changed inside the script. Text output</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Using CUBE (text output)</p> </li> </ul> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$HOME/cube/bin/cube_stat -p -m time -r BFSRUN_region_Compression,BFSRUN_region_Decompression,CPUSIMD_region_encode,BFSRUN_region_vreduceCompr,BFSRUN_region_vreduceDecompr profile.cubex"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$HOME/cube/bin/cube_stat -p -m time -r BFSRUN_region_Compression,BFSRUN_region_Decompression,CPUSIMD_region_encode,BFSRUN_region_vreduceCompr,BFSRUN_region_vreduceDecompr profile.cubex </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">Flag -m in <code>cube_stat</code> may be set to: time or bytes_sent</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li>Using scorep-score (text ouptut)</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ scorep-score -r [zone1,zone2,zone3....] profile.cubex"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ scorep-score -r [zone1,zone2,zone3....] profile.cubex </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">See the available <a href="#zones">zones</a> section, for further information.</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li>Using CUBE (graphical interface)</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ $HOME/cube/bin/cube profile.cubex"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ $HOME/cube/bin/cube profile.cubex </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Options</h1><a id="user-content-options" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Options" href="#options"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">currently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary</h2><a id="user-content-currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: currently supported codecs in the gpugraph500 binary" href="#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <markdown-accessiblity-table><table> <thead> <tr> <th>Lemire's SIMDCompression codecs</th> <th align="right">Notes</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>varintg8iu</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>fastpfor</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>varint</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>vbyte</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>maskedvbyte</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>streamvbyte</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>frameofreference</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>simdframeofreference</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>varintgb</td> <td align="right">Based on a talk by Jeff Dean (Google)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-fastpfor-d4</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-fastpfor-dm</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-fastpfor-d1</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-fastpfor-d2</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>bp32</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>ibp32</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-bp128-d1-ni</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-bp128-d2-ni</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-bp128-d4-ni</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-bp128-dm</td> <td align="right">Codec used as default</td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-bp128-d1</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-bp128-d2</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>s4-bp128-d4</td> <td align="right"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>for</td> <td align="right">Original FOR</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></markdown-accessiblity-table> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">build options</h2><a id="user-content-build-options" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: build options" href="#build-options"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="`configure' configures gpugraph500 1.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems. Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]... To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as VAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables. Defaults for the options are specified in brackets. Configuration: -h, --help display this help and exit --help=short display options specific to this package --help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages -V, --version display version information and exit -q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages --cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled] -C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache' -n, --no-create do not create output files --srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..'] Installation directories: --prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX [/usr/local] --exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX [PREFIX] By default, `make install' will install all the files in `/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc. You can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix', for instance `--prefix=$HOME'. For better control, use the options below. Program names: --program-prefix=PREFIX prepend PREFIX to installed program names --program-suffix=SUFFIX append SUFFIX to installed program names --program-transform-name=PROGRAM run sed PROGRAM on installed program names System types: --build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed] --host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD] Optional Features: --disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options --disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no) --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes] --disable-dependency-tracking speeds up one-time build --enable-dependency-tracking do not reject slow dependency extractors --enable-bfs-basic-profiling It is related with instrumentation. Displays statistical data on each BFS run. (Enabled by default) --enable-other-basic-profiling It is related with instrumentation. Displays gpugraph500 default statistics. (Enabled by default) --enable-scorep It is related with instrumentation. Enables instrumentation with Scalasca/ScoreP. ScoreP must be detected by ./configure. (Disabled by default)] --enable-compression It is related with data compression. Enables data compression through the network. This option is available only when --enable-cuda (BFS runs using CUDA) is active (default). (Enabled by default) --enable-simd It is related with data compression. MPI packets will be sent compressed using the PFOR-delta D. Lemire SIMDCompression library. It is only active if --enable-compression is selected. It will be enabled by default if --enable-compression is active and no compression method is selected. (Enabled by default) --enable-simd+ It is related with data compression. MPI packets will be sent compressed using a PFOR-delta improved library: Turbo-PFOR. It is only active if --enable-compression is selected. (Disabled by default) --enable-simt It is related with data compression. Use CUDA implementation for data compression. Not implemented yet. (Disabled by default) --enable-debug-compression It is related with data compression. Shows statistics of compression rate, time of compression, codec, ETC. (Disabled by default) --enable-verify-compression It is related with data compression. Sends both compressed and decompressed data through the network. Checks decompression after transmission. (Disabled by default) --enable-aggressive-optimizations It is related with optimizations. Enables aggressive compiler optimizations on the compiler. (Disabled by default) --enable-openmp It is related with optimizations. Enables or disables both --enable-cuda-openmp and --enable-general-openmp. This option overrides both openmp settings. (Not set by default) --enable-cuda-openmp Related with optimizations. Selects whether OpenMP will be enabled. This option applies to CUDA C files. (Disabled by default) --enable-general-openmp It is related with optimizations. Selects whether OpenMP will be enabled. This option applies to general C and C++ files. (Disabled by default) --enable-cuda Use the CUDA implementation of the BFS runs. Requires NVIDIA hardware support. Enabled by default --enable-ptxa-optimizations It is related with optimizations. Selects whether CUDA assembly (PTXAS) will be optimized or not. This option will only be used if --enable-cuda is present (default). The default PTXAS optimization is -O3. (Disabled by default) --enable-nvidia-architecture= fermi|kepler|auto|detect Selects the NVIDIA target architecture. Requires --enable-cuda to be selected (default). Default option is 'detect'. In case detection does not succeed 'all' mode is selected. --enable-debug Provides extra traces at runtime. (Disabled by default) --enable-debugging It is related with debugging. Enables -g option on compiler (debugging). (Disabled by default) --enable-quiet It is related with debugging. Disable compile mensages when running make. (Disabled by default) --enable-portable-binary disable compiler optimizations that would produce unportable binaries --enable-cc-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error Turn on C compiler warnings. Default selection is maximum --enable-iso-c Try to warn if code is not ISO C --enable-cxx-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error Turn on C++ compiler warnings. Default selection is maximum --enable-iso-cxx Try to warn if code is not ISO C++ Optional Packages: --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes] --without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no) --with-mpi=<path> absolute path to the MPI root directory. It should contain bin/ and include/ subdirectories. --with-mpicc=mpicc name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicc) --with-mpicxx=mpicxx name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicxx) --with-cuda=<path> Use CUDA library. If argument is <empty> that means the library is reachable with the standard search path "/usr" or "/usr/local" (set as default). Otherwise you give the <path> to the directory which contain the library. --with-gcc-arch=<arch> use architecture <arch> for gcc -march/-mtune, instead of guessing --with-opencl=<path> prefix to location of OpenCL include directory [default=auto] --with-scorep=<path> Use SCOREP profiler. If argument is <empty> that means the library is reachable with the standard search path (set as default). Otherwise you give the <path> to the directory which contain the library. Some influential environment variables: CXXFLAGS C++ compiler flags CFLAGS C compiler flags CXX C++ compiler command LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a nonstandard directory <lib dir> LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library> CPPFLAGS (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir> CC C compiler command CPP C preprocessor Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations. Report bugs to the package provider."><pre class="notranslate"><code>`configure' configures gpugraph500 1.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems. Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]... To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as VAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables. Defaults for the options are specified in brackets. Configuration: -h, --help display this help and exit --help=short display options specific to this package --help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages -V, --version display version information and exit -q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages --cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled] -C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache' -n, --no-create do not create output files --srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..'] Installation directories: --prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX [/usr/local] --exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX [PREFIX] By default, `make install' will install all the files in `/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc. You can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix', for instance `--prefix=$HOME'. For better control, use the options below. Program names: --program-prefix=PREFIX prepend PREFIX to installed program names --program-suffix=SUFFIX append SUFFIX to installed program names --program-transform-name=PROGRAM run sed PROGRAM on installed program names System types: --build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed] --host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD] Optional Features: --disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options --disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no) --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes] --disable-dependency-tracking speeds up one-time build --enable-dependency-tracking do not reject slow dependency extractors --enable-bfs-basic-profiling It is related with instrumentation. Displays statistical data on each BFS run. (Enabled by default) --enable-other-basic-profiling It is related with instrumentation. Displays gpugraph500 default statistics. (Enabled by default) --enable-scorep It is related with instrumentation. Enables instrumentation with Scalasca/ScoreP. ScoreP must be detected by ./configure. (Disabled by default)] --enable-compression It is related with data compression. Enables data compression through the network. This option is available only when --enable-cuda (BFS runs using CUDA) is active (default). (Enabled by default) --enable-simd It is related with data compression. MPI packets will be sent compressed using the PFOR-delta D. Lemire SIMDCompression library. It is only active if --enable-compression is selected. It will be enabled by default if --enable-compression is active and no compression method is selected. (Enabled by default) --enable-simd+ It is related with data compression. MPI packets will be sent compressed using a PFOR-delta improved library: Turbo-PFOR. It is only active if --enable-compression is selected. (Disabled by default) --enable-simt It is related with data compression. Use CUDA implementation for data compression. Not implemented yet. (Disabled by default) --enable-debug-compression It is related with data compression. Shows statistics of compression rate, time of compression, codec, ETC. (Disabled by default) --enable-verify-compression It is related with data compression. Sends both compressed and decompressed data through the network. Checks decompression after transmission. (Disabled by default) --enable-aggressive-optimizations It is related with optimizations. Enables aggressive compiler optimizations on the compiler. (Disabled by default) --enable-openmp It is related with optimizations. Enables or disables both --enable-cuda-openmp and --enable-general-openmp. This option overrides both openmp settings. (Not set by default) --enable-cuda-openmp Related with optimizations. Selects whether OpenMP will be enabled. This option applies to CUDA C files. (Disabled by default) --enable-general-openmp It is related with optimizations. Selects whether OpenMP will be enabled. This option applies to general C and C++ files. (Disabled by default) --enable-cuda Use the CUDA implementation of the BFS runs. Requires NVIDIA hardware support. Enabled by default --enable-ptxa-optimizations It is related with optimizations. Selects whether CUDA assembly (PTXAS) will be optimized or not. This option will only be used if --enable-cuda is present (default). The default PTXAS optimization is -O3. (Disabled by default) --enable-nvidia-architecture= fermi|kepler|auto|detect Selects the NVIDIA target architecture. Requires --enable-cuda to be selected (default). Default option is 'detect'. In case detection does not succeed 'all' mode is selected. --enable-debug Provides extra traces at runtime. (Disabled by default) --enable-debugging It is related with debugging. Enables -g option on compiler (debugging). (Disabled by default) --enable-quiet It is related with debugging. Disable compile mensages when running make. (Disabled by default) --enable-portable-binary disable compiler optimizations that would produce unportable binaries --enable-cc-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error Turn on C compiler warnings. Default selection is maximum --enable-iso-c Try to warn if code is not ISO C --enable-cxx-warnings= no|minimum|yes|maximum|error Turn on C++ compiler warnings. Default selection is maximum --enable-iso-cxx Try to warn if code is not ISO C++ Optional Packages: --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes] --without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no) --with-mpi=<path> absolute path to the MPI root directory. It should contain bin/ and include/ subdirectories. --with-mpicc=mpicc name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicc) --with-mpicxx=mpicxx name of the MPI C++ compiler to use (default mpicxx) --with-cuda=<path> Use CUDA library. If argument is <empty> that means the library is reachable with the standard search path "/usr" or "/usr/local" (set as default). Otherwise you give the <path> to the directory which contain the library. --with-gcc-arch=<arch> use architecture <arch> for gcc -march/-mtune, instead of guessing --with-opencl=<path> prefix to location of OpenCL include directory [default=auto] --with-scorep=<path> Use SCOREP profiler. If argument is <empty> that means the library is reachable with the standard search path (set as default). Otherwise you give the <path> to the directory which contain the library. Some influential environment variables: CXXFLAGS C++ compiler flags CFLAGS C compiler flags CXX C++ compiler command LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a nonstandard directory <lib dir> LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library> CPPFLAGS (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir> CC C compiler command CPP C preprocessor Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations. Report bugs to the package provider. </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">execution options</h2><a id="user-content-execution-options" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: execution options" href="#execution-options"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li>-s Number - (SCALE_FACTOR)</li> <li>-C Number - (2^SCALE_FACTOR) - This is also the value used in the the -np flag of <code>mpirun</code></li> <li>-gpus Number - Number of GPUs per node. Currently, only the value 1 is fully tested.</li> <li>-qs Number - Queue size as in B40C implementation, from 1 to 2 (e.g. 1.3).</li> <li>-be "Codec" - <a href="#currently-supported-codecs-in-the-gpugraph500-binary">Codec</a> used when compression is enabled (--enable-compression)</li> <li>-btc Number - Row Threshoold number: Frontier queue minimum size at which compression would start. Allows disabling compression for small queue sizes.</li> </ul> <p dir="auto">e.g. <code>g500 -s 22 -C 4 -gpus 1 -qs 1.1 -be "s4-bp128-d4" -btc 64</code></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Troubleshooting</h1><a id="user-content-troubleshooting" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Troubleshooting" href="#troubleshooting"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li>Q: In the .out file of Slurm/ Sbatch execution I get the text:</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="S=C=A=N: Abort: No SCOREP instrumentation found in target ../cpu_2d/g500"><pre class="notranslate"><code>S=C=A=N: Abort: No SCOREP instrumentation found in target ../cpu_2d/g500 </code></pre></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li>A: The instrumentation is activated for the runtime execution (i.e: the binary is being run prefixed with scalasca).</li> </ul> <p dir="auto">Disable with:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="$ export G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=no"><pre class="notranslate"><code>$ export G500_ENABLE_RUNTIME_SCALASCA=no </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Authors</h1><a id="user-content-authors" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Authors" href="#authors"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Computer Engineering Group at Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg,</p> <p dir="auto">and</p> <p dir="auto">School of Computer Science at Georgia Institute of Technology</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">License</h1><a id="user-content-license" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: License" href="#license"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li>Duane Merrill's BC40 (back40computing) is licenced under <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/tree/master/b40c/LICENSE.TXT">BSD.</a></li> <li>SIMDcompressionAndIntersection is licenced under <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/cpusimd/LICENSE">Apache 2 Licence.</a></li> <li>Alenka GPU database engine is licensed under <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/gpusimt/cudacompress.cu">Apache 2 License.</a></li> </ul> <p dir="auto">Copyright (c) 2016, Computer Engineering Group at Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Germany. All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 2016, School of Computer Science at Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. All rights reserved.</p> <p dir="auto">Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li>Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.</li> <li>Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.</li> <li>Neither the name of Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Georgia Institute of Technology nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.</li> </ul> <p dir="auto">THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Future work</h1><a id="user-content-future-work" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Future work" href="#future-work"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li> <p dir="auto">Embed the <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/cpusimd/include/codecfactory.h#L106">compression encoding routines</a> in the <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L536">communication module</a> (e.g. by using lambda functions). The <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/compression.hh#L15">current implementation</a> does not allow code inlining by the Linker (due to the use of the <code>virtual</code> keyword).</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Remove <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/cpusimd.hh#L93">type conversion</a> in the compression calls (Using a <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/compression/gpusimt/cudacompress.cu#L196">GPU PFOR-compression implementation?</a>). The associated paper demonstrates that while compression reduces overheads and data movement, the type conversion from 64 bit to 32 bit values for CPU-based compression can outweigh communication savings.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Add compression to the <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L230">Predecessor List Reduction</a> phase (this uncompressed data represents the ~90% of the total data movement once row and column data is sent compressed). Currently, this process is done as follows: (i) each node computes its Frontier Queue (FQ) vertices by aplying its FQ bitmap and transmits this, to the rest using a P2P communication fashion; the same process is done with the node's Predecessor List (PL) and the node's PL bitmap. (ii) this new integer sequence is transmitted using uncompressed <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L1081">MPI_AllGatherv</a>. As result of applying the bitmap and then transmitting, the sent data results in a random-like, non ordered sequence of integers, and thus, it loses the data characteristics that enable this to achieve the reduction of the rows and columns transfer. A new <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L1001">approach</a>, consisting on compressing first and then transfer would change this. Sending the four compressed data structures (FQ, FQ bitmap, PL, PL bitmap) using MPI_AllGatherv would enable each node to compute the general Predeccesor List, avoiding the P2P and <a href="https://github.com/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/blob/master/cpu_2d/globalbfs.hh#L1081">MPI_AllGatherv</a> uncompressed transfers.</p> </li> </ul> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Resources</h1><a id="user-content-resources" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Resources" href="#resources"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto"><a href="https://github.com/lemire/SIMDCompressionAndIntersection">D. Lemire's SIMDCompression</a></p> <p dir="auto"><a href="https://github.com/powturbo/TurboPFor">TurboPFOR SIMDCompression and Codec Benchmarking tool</a></p> <p dir="auto"><a href="https://github.com/antonmks/Alenka/blob/master/compress.cu">Alenka's CUDA–PFOR Compression</a></p> </article></div></div></div></div></div> <!-- --> <!-- --> <script type="application/json" id="__PRIMER_DATA_:R0:__">{"resolvedServerColorMode":"day"}</script></div> </react-partial> <input type="hidden" data-csrf="true" value="3sHqr6gr02DcAwqtUBV8zI2c8DgEXGfnHMIVykZeGWS+pi8VdpR6zAVVRSknUQka6tug+sTJwV7hlZ6xmyEibg==" /> </div> <div data-view-component="true" class="Layout-sidebar"> <div class="BorderGrid about-margin" data-pjax> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <div class="hide-sm hide-md"> <h2 class="mb-3 h4">About</h2> <p class="f4 my-3"> A GPU-based Graph500 implementation providing compressed data movements. </p> <div class="my-3 d-flex flex-items-center"> <svg aria-hidden="true" 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1 .216-.664l2.24-2.183-3.096-.45a.75.75 0 0 1-.564-.41L8 2.694Z"></path> </svg> <strong>5</strong> stars</a> </div> <h3 class="sr-only">Watchers</h3> <div class="mt-2"> <a href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/watchers" data-view-component="true" class="Link Link--muted"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-eye mr-2"> <path d="M8 2c1.981 0 3.671.992 4.933 2.078 1.27 1.091 2.187 2.345 2.637 3.023a1.62 1.62 0 0 1 0 1.798c-.45.678-1.367 1.932-2.637 3.023C11.67 13.008 9.981 14 8 14c-1.981 0-3.671-.992-4.933-2.078C1.797 10.83.88 9.576.43 8.898a1.62 1.62 0 0 1 0-1.798c.45-.677 1.367-1.931 2.637-3.022C4.33 2.992 6.019 2 8 2ZM1.679 7.932a.12.12 0 0 0 0 .136c.411.622 1.241 1.75 2.366 2.717C5.176 11.758 6.527 12.5 8 12.5c1.473 0 2.825-.742 3.955-1.715 1.124-.967 1.954-2.096 2.366-2.717a.12.12 0 0 0 0-.136c-.412-.621-1.242-1.75-2.366-2.717C10.824 4.242 9.473 3.5 8 3.5c-1.473 0-2.825.742-3.955 1.715-1.124.967-1.954 2.096-2.366 2.717ZM8 10a2 2 0 1 1-.001-3.999A2 2 0 0 1 8 10Z"></path> </svg> <strong>4</strong> watching</a> </div> <h3 class="sr-only">Forks</h3> <div class="mt-2"> <a href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/forks" data-view-component="true" class="Link Link--muted"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-repo-forked mr-2"> <path d="M5 5.372v.878c0 .414.336.75.75.75h4.5a.75.75 0 0 0 .75-.75v-.878a2.25 2.25 0 1 1 1.5 0v.878a2.25 2.25 0 0 1-2.25 2.25h-1.5v2.128a2.251 2.251 0 1 1-1.5 0V8.5h-1.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 3.5 6.25v-.878a2.25 2.25 0 1 1 1.5 0ZM5 3.25a.75.75 0 1 0-1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0Zm6.75.75a.75.75 0 1 0 0-1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5Zm-3 8.75a.75.75 0 1 0-1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0Z"></path> </svg> <strong>2</strong> forks</a> </div> <div class="mt-2"> <a class="Link--muted" href="/contact/report-content?content_url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FUniHD-CEG%2Fgpugraph500&report=UniHD-CEG+%28user%29"> Report repository </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <h2 class="h4 mb-3" data-pjax="#repo-content-pjax-container" data-turbo-frame="repo-content-turbo-frame"> <a href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/releases" data-view-component="true" class="Link--primary no-underline Link">Releases</a></h2> <div class="text-small color-fg-muted">No releases published</div> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <h2 class="h4 mb-3"> <a href="/orgs/UniHD-CEG/packages?repo_name=gpugraph500" data-view-component="true" class="Link--primary no-underline Link d-flex flex-items-center">Packages <span title="0" hidden="hidden" data-view-component="true" class="Counter ml-1">0</span></a></h2> <div class="text-small color-fg-muted" > No packages published <br> </div> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row" hidden> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <include-fragment src="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/used_by_list" accept="text/fragment+html"> </include-fragment> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <h2 class="h4 mb-3"> <a href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/graphs/contributors" data-view-component="true" class="Link--primary no-underline Link d-flex flex-items-center">Contributors <span title="3" data-view-component="true" class="Counter ml-1">3</span></a></h2> <include-fragment src="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/contributors_list?count=3&current_repository=gpugraph500&items_to_show=3" aria-busy="true" aria-label="Loading contributors"> <ul class="list-style-none "> <li class="mb-2 d-flex"> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> <div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text flex-1 flex-self-center f4"> </div> </li> <li class="mb-2 d-flex"> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> <div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text flex-1 flex-self-center f4"> </div> </li> <li class="mb-2 d-flex"> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> <div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text flex-1 flex-self-center f4"> </div> </li> </ul> </include-fragment> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <h2 class="h4 mb-3">Languages</h2> <div class="mb-2"> <span data-view-component="true" class="Progress"> <span style="background-color:#f34b7d !important;;width: 39.2%;" itemprop="keywords" data-view-component="true" class="Progress-item color-bg-success-emphasis"></span> <span style="background-color:#555555 !important;;width: 27.4%;" itemprop="keywords" data-view-component="true" class="Progress-item color-bg-success-emphasis"></span> <span style="background-color:#3A4E3A !important;;width: 18.0%;" itemprop="keywords" data-view-component="true" class="Progress-item color-bg-success-emphasis"></span> <span style="background-color:#89e051 !important;;width: 11.6%;" itemprop="keywords" data-view-component="true" class="Progress-item color-bg-success-emphasis"></span> <span style="background-color:#ccc !important;;width: 2.8%;" itemprop="keywords" data-view-component="true" class="Progress-item color-bg-success-emphasis"></span> <span style="background-color:#427819 !important;;width: 0.7%;" itemprop="keywords" data-view-component="true" class="Progress-item color-bg-success-emphasis"></span> <span style="background-color:#ededed !important;;width: 0.3%;" itemprop="keywords" data-view-component="true" class="Progress-item color-bg-success-emphasis"></span> </span></div> <ul class="list-style-none"> <li class="d-inline"> <a class="d-inline-flex flex-items-center flex-nowrap Link--secondary no-underline text-small mr-3" href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/search?l=c%2B%2B" data-ga-click="Repository, language stats search click, location:repo overview"> <svg style="color:#f34b7d;" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill mr-2"> <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-default text-bold mr-1">C++</span> <span>39.2%</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-inline"> <a class="d-inline-flex flex-items-center flex-nowrap Link--secondary no-underline text-small mr-3" href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/search?l=c" data-ga-click="Repository, language stats search click, location:repo overview"> <svg style="color:#555555;" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill mr-2"> <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-default text-bold mr-1">C</span> <span>27.4%</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-inline"> <a class="d-inline-flex flex-items-center flex-nowrap Link--secondary no-underline text-small mr-3" href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/search?l=cuda" data-ga-click="Repository, language stats search click, location:repo overview"> <svg style="color:#3A4E3A;" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill mr-2"> <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-default text-bold mr-1">Cuda</span> <span>18.0%</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-inline"> <a class="d-inline-flex flex-items-center flex-nowrap Link--secondary no-underline text-small mr-3" href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/search?l=shell" data-ga-click="Repository, language stats search click, location:repo overview"> <svg style="color:#89e051;" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill mr-2"> <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-default text-bold mr-1">Shell</span> <span>11.6%</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-inline"> <a class="d-inline-flex flex-items-center flex-nowrap Link--secondary no-underline text-small mr-3" href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/search?l=m4" data-ga-click="Repository, language stats search click, location:repo overview"> <svg style="color:#ccc;" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill mr-2"> <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-default text-bold mr-1">M4</span> <span>2.8%</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-inline"> <a class="d-inline-flex flex-items-center flex-nowrap Link--secondary no-underline text-small mr-3" href="/UniHD-CEG/gpugraph500/search?l=makefile" data-ga-click="Repository, language stats search click, location:repo overview"> <svg style="color:#427819;" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill mr-2"> <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-default text-bold mr-1">Makefile</span> <span>0.7%</span> </a> </li> <li class="d-inline"> <span class="d-inline-flex flex-items-center flex-nowrap text-small mr-3"> <svg style="color:#ededed;" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill mr-2"> <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-default text-bold mr-1">Other</span> <span>0.3%</span> </span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </turbo-frame> </main> </div> </div> <footer class="footer pt-8 pb-6 f6 color-fg-muted p-responsive" role="contentinfo" > <h2 class='sr-only'>Footer</h2> <div class="d-flex flex-justify-center flex-items-center flex-column-reverse flex-lg-row flex-wrap flex-lg-nowrap"> <div class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-shrink-0 mx-2"> <a aria-label="Homepage" title="GitHub" class="footer-octicon mr-2" 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