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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">DrugBank</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%A9" title="دراگ‌بنک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دراگ‌بنک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%93%9C%EB%9F%AC%EA%B7%B8%EB%B1%85%ED%81%AC" title="드러그뱅크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="드러그뱅크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="ഡ്രഗ്‌ബാങ്ക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡ്രഗ്‌ബാങ്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C" title="ดรักแบงก์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดรักแบงก์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="DrugBank" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1122544#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info-current"><p><b>This is the <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">current revision</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/User:Wikipedialuva" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Wikipedialuva" data-mw-revid="1194664358"><bdi>Wikipedialuva</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Wikipedialuva" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Wikipedialuva">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Wikipedialuva" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Wikipedialuva">contribs</a>)</span></span> at <span id="mw-revision-date">03:57, 10 January 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Wishart">David S. Wishart</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Primary citation</th><td class="infobox-data">DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16381955-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender">Access</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drugbank.com">www<wbr />.drugbank<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Download URL</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drugbank.ca/downloads">www<wbr />.drugbank<wbr />.ca<wbr />/downloads</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender">Miscellaneous</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Data release<br />frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Every 2 years with monthly corrections and updates</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Curation policy</th><td class="infobox-data">Manually curated</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>DrugBank</b> database is a comprehensive, freely accessible, online database containing information on <a href="/wiki/Drug" title="Drug">drugs</a> and drug targets created and maintained by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">University of Alberta</a> and The Metabolomics Innovation Centre located in <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16381955-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As both a bioinformatics and a <a href="/wiki/Cheminformatics" title="Cheminformatics">cheminformatics</a> resource, DrugBank combines detailed drug (i.e. chemical, pharmacological and pharmaceutical) data with comprehensive drug target (i.e. sequence, structure, and pathway) information.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16381955-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid18048412_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18048412-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DrugBank has used content from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-citogenesis_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citogenesis-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wikipedia also often links to Drugbank, posing potential <a href="/wiki/Circular_reporting" title="Circular reporting">circular reporting</a> issues.<sup id="cite_ref-citogenesis_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citogenesis-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DrugBank Online website is available to the public as a free-to-access resource. However, use and re-distribution of content from DrugBank Online or the underlying DrugBank Data, in whole or part, and for any purpose requires a license. Academic users can apply for a free license for certain use cases while all other users require a paid license. </p><p>The latest release of the database (version 5.0) contains 9591 drug entries including 2037 <a href="/wiki/FDA" class="mw-redirect" title="FDA">FDA</a>-approved <a href="/wiki/Small_molecule" title="Small molecule">small molecule</a> drugs, 241 FDA-approved biotech (<a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>/<a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptide</a>) drugs, 96 <a href="/wiki/Nutraceuticals" class="mw-redirect" title="Nutraceuticals">nutraceuticals</a> and over 6000 <a href="/wiki/Experimental_drug" title="Experimental drug">experimental drugs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24203711_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24203711-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, 4270 non-redundant protein (i.e. drug target/<a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzyme</a>/transporter/carrier) sequences are linked to these drug entries. Each DrugCard entry (Fig. 1) contains more than 200 data fields with half of the information being devoted to drug/chemical data and the other half devoted to drug target or protein data.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24203711_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24203711-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four additional databases, HMDB,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18953024_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18953024-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> T3DB,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19897546_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19897546-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SMPDB<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24203708_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24203708-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/FooDB" title="FooDB">FooDB</a> are also part of a general suite of <a href="/wiki/Metabolomic" class="mw-redirect" title="Metabolomic">metabolomic</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cheminformatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheminformatic">cheminformatic</a> databases. HMDB contains equivalent information on more than 40,000 human metabolites, T3DB contains information on 3100 common <a href="/wiki/Toxins" class="mw-redirect" title="Toxins">toxins</a> and environmental <a href="/wiki/Pollutants" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollutants">pollutants</a>, SMPDB contains pathway diagrams for nearly 700 human <a href="/wiki/Metabolic_pathways" class="mw-redirect" title="Metabolic pathways">metabolic pathways</a> and disease pathways, while FooDB contains equivalent information on ~28,000 food components and <a href="/wiki/Food_additives" class="mw-redirect" title="Food additives">food additives</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Version_history">Version history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DrugBank&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Version history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first version of DrugBank was released in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16381955-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This early release contained relatively modest information about 841 FDA-approved small molecule drugs and 113 biotech drugs. It also included information on 2133 drug targets. The second version of DrugBank was released in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18048412_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18048412-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This greatly expanded and improved version of the database included 1344 approved small molecule drugs and 123 biotech drugs as well as 3037 unique drug targets. Version 2.0 also included, for the first time, <a href="/wiki/Withdrawn_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Withdrawn drug">withdrawn drugs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Illicit_drugs" class="mw-redirect" title="Illicit drugs">illicit drugs</a>, extensive food-drug and drug-drug interactions as well as <a href="/wiki/ADME" title="ADME">ADMET</a> (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) parameters. Version 3.0 was released in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21059682_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21059682-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This version contained 1424 approved small molecule drugs and 132 biotech drugs as well as >4000 unique drug targets. Version 3.0 also included drug transporter data, drug pathway data, drug pricing, patent and manufacturing data as well as data on >5000 experimental drugs. Version 4.0 was released in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24203711_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24203711-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This version included 1558 FDA-approved small molecule drugs, 155 biotech drugs and 4200 unique drug targets. Version 4.0 also incorporated extensive information on drug metabolites (structures and reactions), drug taxonomy, drug spectra, drug <a href="/wiki/Binding_constant" title="Binding constant">binding constants</a> and drug synthesis information. Table 1 provides a more complete statistical summary of the history of DrugBank's development. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Table 1. Comparison between the coverage in DrugBank 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and DrugBank 4.0. </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Category </th> <th>1.0 </th> <th>2.0 </th> <th>3.0 </th> <th>4.0 </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of data fields per DrugCard</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001880000000000000♠">88</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002108000000000000♠">108</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002148000000000000♠">148</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002208000000000000♠">208</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of search types</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7000800000000000000♠">8</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001120000000000000♠">12</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001160000000000000♠">16</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001180000000000000♠">18</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of illustrated drug-action pathways </i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002168000000000000♠">168</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002232000000000000♠">232</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with metabolizing enzyme data </i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002762000000000000♠">762</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003103700000000000♠">1,037</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drug metabolites with structures</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003123900000000000♠">1,239</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drug-metabolism reactions</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003130800000000000♠">1,308</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of illustrated drug metabolism pathways</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001530000000000000♠">53</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with drug transporter data</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002516000000000000♠">516</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002623000000000000♠">623</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with taxonomic classification information</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003671300000000000♠">6,713</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of SNP-associated drug effects</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002113000000000000♠">113</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002201000000000000♠">201</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with patent/pricing/manufacturer data</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003120800000000000♠">1,208</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003145000000000000♠">1,450</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of food–drug interactions</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002714000000000000♠">714</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003103900000000000♠">1,039</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003118000000000000♠">1,180</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drug–drug interactions</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7004132420000000000♠">13,242</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7004137950000000000♠">13,795</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7004141500000000000♠">14,150</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of ADMET parameters (Caco-2, LogS)</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002276000000000000♠">276</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002890000000000000♠">890</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003666700000000000♠">6,667</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of QSAR parameters per drug</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7000500000000000000♠">5</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7000600000000000000♠">6</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001140000000000000♠">14</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001230000000000000♠">23</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with drug-target binding constant data</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002791000000000000♠">791</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with NMR spectra</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002306000000000000♠">306</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with MS spectra</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002384000000000000♠">384</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of drugs with chemical synthesis information</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001380000000000000♠">38</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001380000000000000♠">38</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003128500000000000♠">1,285</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of FDA-approved small molecule drugs</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002841000000000000♠">841</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003134400000000000♠">1,344</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003142400000000000♠">1,424</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003155800000000000♠">1,558</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of biotech drugs</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002113000000000000♠">113</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002123000000000000♠">123</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002132000000000000♠">132</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002155000000000000♠">155</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of nutraceutical drugs</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001610000000000000♠">61</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001690000000000000♠">69</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001820000000000000♠">82</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001870000000000000♠">87</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of withdrawn drugs</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001570000000000000♠">57</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001680000000000000♠">68</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001780000000000000♠">78</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of illicit drugs</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002188000000000000♠">188</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002189000000000000♠">189</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002190000000000000♠">190</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of experimental drugs</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003289400000000000♠">2,894</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003311600000000000♠">3,116</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003521000000000000♠">5,210</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003600900000000000♠">6,009</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Total No. of experimental and FDA small molecule drugs</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003379600000000000♠">3,796</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003477400000000000♠">4,774</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003668400000000000♠">6,684</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003756100000000000♠">7,561</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Total No. of experimental and FDA drugs (all types)</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003390900000000000♠">3,909</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003489700000000000♠">4,897</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003681600000000000♠">6,816</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003771300000000000♠">7,713</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of all drug targets (unique)</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003213300000000000♠">2,133</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003303700000000000♠">3,037</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003432600000000000♠">4,326</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7003411500000000000♠">4,115</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of approved-drug enzymes/carriers (unique)</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002164000000000000♠">164</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002245000000000000♠">245</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of all drug enzymes/carriers (unique)</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002169000000000000♠">169</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7002253000000000000♠">253</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>No. of external database links</i> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001120000000000000♠">12</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001180000000000000♠">18</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001310000000000000♠">31</span> </td> <td align="right"><span data-sort-value="7001330000000000000♠">33</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scope_and_access">Scope and access</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DrugBank&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Scope and access"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All data in DrugBank is derived from public non-proprietary sources. Nearly every data item is fully traceable and explicitly referenced to the original source. DrugBank data is available through a public web interface.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DrugBank&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/60px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/80px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> has the property: <ul><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P715" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P715">DrugBank ID (P715)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP715%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P715%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_metabolism" title="Drug metabolism">Drug metabolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Metabolome_Database" title="Human Metabolome Database">HMDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biological_databases" title="List of biological databases">List of biological databases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmacology" title="Pharmacology">Pharmacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMPDB" class="mw-redirect" title="SMPDB">SMPDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T3DB" class="mw-redirect" title="T3DB">T3DB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therapeutic_Targets_Database" title="Therapeutic Targets Database">Therapeutic Targets Database</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DrugBank&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-pmid16381955-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid16381955_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWishartKnox_CGuo_AC2006" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_S._Wishart" title="David S. 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