Fossil fuel CO2 emissions reach record high again in 2024

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12s4.4771525 10 10 10 10-4.4771525 10-10S17.5228475 2 12 2z"> </path> </svg> </button> </form> </div> <div class="content"> <main class="main rows-gap margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumbs" class="rank-math-breadcrumb"><p><a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com">Cosmos</a><span class="separator"> » </span><a href="/earth/climate/">Climate</a></p></nav> <section class="article-container cols-4 md-cols-1 cols-gap-1 padding-bottom-4"> <article class="col col-span-3 post-315812 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-climate category-australia category-earth category-news tag-carbon-emissions tag-climate-change tag-global-carbon-budget"> <header class="rows rows-gap"> <h1 class="entry-title row">Latest report: fossil fuel CO2 emissions reach record high again in 2024</h1> <div class="row primary-image has-featured-image " data-featured-image="Picture1.png"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content cols-6 md-cols-1 cols-gap-1 margin-top-1"> <div class="content-left-sidebar cols-1 col"> <section class="contributors md-cols-1 rows-gap"> <div class="row post-date"> <span class="published-date">November 13, 2024</span> </div> <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/imma-perfetto/" class="author row md-hide"> <img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA3MzAgNzMwIiB3aWR0aD0iNzMwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjczMCIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjIlMkYxMSUyRmltbWEuanBnIiBkYXRhLXc9IjczMCIgZGF0YS1oPSI3MzAiIGRhdGEtYmlwPSIiPjwvc3ZnPg==" data-spai="1" alt="Imma Perfetto" width="200" /><noscript data-spai="1"><img src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/imma.jpg" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Imma Perfetto" width="200" /></noscript> <div class="bio"> <h3>Imma Perfetto</h3> <p>Cosmos science journalist</p> </div> </a> <div id="author-name" class="hide"> <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/imma-perfetto/" class="bio"> By Imma Perfetto </a> </div> <div class="favourite__wrapper row cols"> <button class="showDialog simplefavorite-button" aria-label="Favourite button"> </button> </div> </section> </div> <div class="primary-content cols-1 col-span-5 col"> <div class="flexible-content "> <div class="copy"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" width="850" height="478" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA4NTAgNDc4IiB3aWR0aD0iODUwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjQ3OCIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjQlMkYxMSUyRlBpY3R1cmUxXzg1MC5wbmciIGRhdGEtdz0iODUwIiBkYXRhLWg9IjQ3OCIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+" data-spai="1" alt="A graph of annual fossil fuel co2 emissions from 1990 to 2024 showing steep increase" class="wp-image-315816" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 1"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" width="850" height="478" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture1_850.png" data-spai-egr="1" alt="A graph of annual fossil fuel co2 emissions from 1990 to 2024 showing steep increase" class="wp-image-315816" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture1_850.png 850w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture1_850-600x337.png 600w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture1_850-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture1_850-300x169.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 1"></noscript><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Graph of global fossil fuel CO2 emissions. Source: <a href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2024-519" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Friedlingstein et al 2024</a>; <a href="http://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Global Carbon Project 2024 </a></figcaption></figure> <p>Global fossil fuel emissions are projected to reach a new record of 37.4 billion tonnes (Gt) of carbon dioxide this year – a growth of 0.8% relative to 2023 – according to the <a href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2024-519" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">latest report</a> by the Global Carbon Project.</p> <p>“It is a smaller growth than we had seen [in the] previous year of 1.4% … and also smaller than the very strong growth rates that we saw during the 2000s of around 2.5%,” says CSIRO’s Dr Pep Canadell, executive director of the Global Carbon Project (GCP).</p> <p>“Nevertheless, it is a growth at a time where global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions should be peaking and declining very quickly.”</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="850" height="957" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA4NTAgOTU3IiB3aWR0aD0iODUwIiBoZWlnaHQ9Ijk1NyIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjQlMkYxMSUyRlBlcENhbmFkZWxsXzg1MC5qcGciIGRhdGEtdz0iODUwIiBkYXRhLWg9Ijk1NyIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+" data-spai="1" alt="A photograph of a man smiling at the camera. He has greying hair and is wearing a dark coloured shirt." class="wp-image-315822" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 2"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" width="850" height="957" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/PepCanadell_850.jpg" data-spai-egr="1" alt="A photograph of a man smiling at the camera. He has greying hair and is wearing a dark coloured shirt." class="wp-image-315822" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/PepCanadell_850.jpg 850w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/PepCanadell_850-533x600.jpg 533w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/PepCanadell_850-768x865.jpg 768w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/PepCanadell_850-300x338.jpg 300w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/PepCanadell_850-600x676.jpg 600w" sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 2"></noscript><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Pep Canadell. Credit: CSIRO</figcaption></figure> <p>The Global Carbon Project is an independent scientific consortium of more than 120 scientists, which produces the annual Global Carbon Budget report – a planetary accounting of all human and natural sources and sinks of CO<sub>2</sub>.</p> <p>The most recent report found that land-use change released 4.2Gt of CO<sub>2</sub>, increasing from 2023 due to deforestation and forest degradation from wildfires exacerbated by the hot and dry conditions of the El Niño climate event of 2023-2024.</p> <p>In total, it is projected that 41.6Gt of CO<sub>2</sub> will be released this year, an increase from 40.6Gt in 2023. Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations are also set to reach 422.5 parts per million (ppm), 52% above pre-industrial levels.</p> <div class="advert ad-in-content ad-mobile auh-250"><div id="adn-00000000001fc2ca-i0p0" style="display: none"></div></div> <p>“Whether it’s 40 billion or it’s 20 billion [tonnes per year], CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations will continue to increase, and warming will continue to increase, until we reach net zero CO<sub>2</sub> emissions,” says Canadell.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img decoding="async" width="1440" height="650" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxNDYxIDY1OSIgd2lkdGg9IjE0NjEiIGhlaWdodD0iNjU5IiBkYXRhLXU9IiUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyNCUyRjExJTJGUGljdHVyZTQucG5nIiBkYXRhLXc9IjE0NjEiIGRhdGEtaD0iNjU5IiBkYXRhLWJpcD0iIj48L3N2Zz4=" data-spai="1" alt="Picture4" class="wp-image-315820" srcset=" " sizes="(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 3"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" width="1440" height="650" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture4-1440x650.png" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Picture4" class="wp-image-315820" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture4-1440x650.png 1440w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture4-600x271.png 600w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture4-768x346.png 768w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture4-300x135.png 300w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture4.png 1461w" sizes="(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 3"></noscript><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The remaining carbon budget to limit global warming to 1.5°C, 1.7°C and 2°C is 235 GtCO2, 585 GtCO2, and 1,110 GtCO2, respectively, equivalent to 6, 14 and 27 years from 2025. 2,650 GtCO2 have been emitted since 1850. Source: IPCC AR6 WG1; Forster et al., 2023; Friedlingstein et al 2024; Global Carbon Project 2024 </figcaption></figure> <p>Each year, the GCP considers all global sources and sinks of CO<sub>2</sub> and calculates the remaining “carbon budget” – the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> that can be emitted through human activity to stabilise the increase in average global temperatures below specific goals.</p> <p>The report found that if the world continues to emit CO<sub>2</sub> at 2024 levels, there is a 50% chance global warming will exceed 1.5°C consistently in about six years. We’ll reach 1.7°C in 14 years and 2°C in just 27 years.</p> <p>The time left to meet the Paris Agreement’s goal of limiting the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C to avoid catastrophic impacts of climate change is running out, fast.</p> <p>“If we were to reduce emissions very quickly, those time frames will be able to be extended longer,” says Canadell.</p> <a href="https://link.cosmosmagazine.com/OP59" class="newsletter-cta" data-device="mobile"> <img decoding="async" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAzMDAgMjUwIiB3aWR0aD0iMzAwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjI1MCIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjQlMkYwMyUyRldlZWtseS1DYXRjaHVwLTMwMHgyNTAtMS5wbmciIGRhdGEtdz0iMzAwIiBkYXRhLWg9IjI1MCIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+" data-spai="1" alt="Newsletter" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 4"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Weekly-Catchup-300x250-1.png" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Newsletter" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 4"></noscript> </a><div class="advert ad-in-content ad-mobile auh-250"><div id="adn-00000000001fc2ca-i1p0" style="display: none"></div></div> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="850" height="478" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA4NTAgNDc4IiB3aWR0aD0iODUwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjQ3OCIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjQlMkYxMSUyRlBpY3R1cmUzXzg1MC5wbmciIGRhdGEtdz0iODUwIiBkYXRhLWg9IjQ3OCIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+" data-spai="1" alt="Picture3 850" class="wp-image-315815" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 5"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" width="850" height="478" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture3_850.png" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Picture3 850" class="wp-image-315815" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture3_850.png 850w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture3_850-600x337.png 600w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture3_850-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture3_850-300x169.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 5"></noscript><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Graph of annual fossil fuel CO2 emissions and 2024 projections, broken down by fossil fuel sources. Source: <a href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2024-519" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Friedlingstein et al 2024</a>; <a href="http://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Global Carbon Project 2024</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>Instead, global emissions from fossil fuels are projected to increase in 2024: coal by 0.2%, oil by 0.9%, and gas by 2.4%, contributing 41%, 32% and 21% of global fossil CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, respectively.</p> <p>“For oil, we’ve seen a growth of point 0.9% mostly due to the continued recovery of international aviation,” says Canadell.</p> <p>“We just saw a spectacular 13.5% increase of emissions from international aviation and almost a return to the pre COVID levels.”</p> <p>Breaking down fossil CO<sub>2</sub> emissions between the world’s greatest polluters revealed that:</p> <ul> <li>China’s emissions (32% of the global total) are projected to increase by 0.2%, although the projected range of values (-1.6% to 2.0%) includes a possible decrease in emissions.</li> <li>US emissions (13% of the global total) are projected to decrease by 0.6%.</li> <li>India’s emissions (8% of the global total) are projected to increase by 4.6%.</li> <li>European Union emissions (7% of the global total) are projected to decrease by 3.8%.</li> <li>And emissions in the rest of the world (38% of the global total) are projected to increase by 1.1%.</li> </ul> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="850" height="478" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA4NTAgNDc4IiB3aWR0aD0iODUwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjQ3OCIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjQlMkYxMSUyRlBpY3R1cmUyXzg1MC5wbmciIGRhdGEtdz0iODUwIiBkYXRhLWg9IjQ3OCIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+" data-spai="1" alt="Picture2 850" class="wp-image-315814" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 6"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" width="850" height="478" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture2_850.png" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Picture2 850" class="wp-image-315814" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture2_850.png 850w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture2_850-600x337.png 600w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture2_850-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Picture2_850-300x169.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 6"></noscript><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Graph of annual fossil fuel CO2 emissions and 2024 projections broken down by major emitters. Source: <a href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2024-519" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Friedlingstein et al 2024</a>; <a href="http://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Global Carbon Project 2024</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Although 22 countries have reduced their fossil CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in the past decade while their economies grew, and others are slowing their growth with continued decarbonisation of the energy sector, these efforts have not been sufficient.</p> <div class="advert ad-in-content ad-mobile auh-250"><div id="adn-00000000001fc2ca-i2p0" style="display: none"></div></div> <p>Dr Glen Peters, of the CICERO Center for International Climate Research in Norway, says: “There are many signs of positive progress at the country level, and a feeling that a peak in global fossil CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is imminent, but the global peak remains elusive.</p> <p>“Climate action is a collective problem, and while gradual emission reductions are occurring in some countries, increases continue in others.</p> <p>“Progress in all countries needs to accelerate fast enough to put global emissions on a downward trajectory towards net zero.”</p> <p>The 19<sup>th</sup> annual Global Carbon Report is published in the journal <em>Earth System Science Data Discussions.</em></p> <div style><a href="https://link.cosmosmagazine.com/Q0f2"><p align="center"><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-198773" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA4MzcgMjU5IiB3aWR0aD0iODM3IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjI1OSIgZGF0YS11PSJodHRwcyUzQSUyRiUyRmNvc21vc21hZ2F6aW5lLmNvbSUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyNCUyRjA5JTJGVHJhdmVsLXdpdGgtc2NpZW50aXN0cy1lbWJlZF83Mjh4MjI1LXYxLmpwZyIgZGF0YS13PSI4MzciIGRhdGEtaD0iMjU5IiBkYXRhLWJpcD0iIj48L3N2Zz4=" data-spai="1" alt="Buy the cosmos emag now" width="600" height="154" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 7"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-198773" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Travel-with-scientists-embed_728x225-v1.jpg" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Buy the cosmos emag now" width="600" height="154" title="latest report: fossil fuel co2 emissions reach record high again in 2024 7"></noscript></p></a></div>  <img id="cosmos-post-tracker" width='1' height='1' style="opacity:0; height:1px!important; width:1px!important; border: 0!important; position: absolute!important; z-index: -1!important;" aria-label="Syndication Tracker" src="https://syndication.cosmosmagazine.com/?id=315812&title=Latest+report%3A+fossil+fuel+CO2+emissions+reach+record+high+again+in+2024" loading="lazy">  <div class="share-syndicate-wrapper margin-top-1"> <div id="cosmos-link-back">  <p>Originally published by <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com" 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Fossil fuel CO2 emissions reach record high again in 2024