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Velikij Novgorod – Wikipédia

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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Poloha_a_prírodné_pomery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poloha_a_prírodné_pomery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Poloha a prírodné pomery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poloha_a_prírodné_pomery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dejiny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dejiny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dejiny</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dejiny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pamiatky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pamiatky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pamiatky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pamiatky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partnerské_mestá" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partnerské_mestá"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Partnerské mestá</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partnerské_mestá-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referencie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ďalšia_literatúra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ďalšia_literatúra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ďalšia literatúra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ďalšia_literatúra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iné_projekty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iné_projekty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Iné projekty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iné_projekty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Velikij Novgorod</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 103 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-103" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">103 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Велики Новгород – abcházčina" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Велики Новгород" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abcházčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weliki_Nowgorod" title="Weliki Nowgorod – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Weliki Nowgorod" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="فيليكي نوفغورود – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيليكي نوفغورود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_N%C3%B3vgorod" title="Veliki Nóvgorod – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Veliki Nóvgorod" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyilikiu_Nuwhurud" title="Wyilikiu Nuwhurud – aymarčina" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Wyilikiu Nuwhurud" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novqorod" title="Veliki Novqorod – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Veliki Novqorod" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="ولیکی نووقورود – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ولیکی نووقورود" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B9%D3%A9%D0%BA_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Бөйөк Новгород – baškirčina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бөйөк Новгород" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Вялікі Ноўгарад – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вялікі Ноўгарад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Вялікі Ноўгарад – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вялікі Ноўгарад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Велики Новгород – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Велики Новгород" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod" title="Velikiy Novgorod – bretónčina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Velikiy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B3vgorod" title="Nóvgorod – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nóvgorod" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C-%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Сийлахь-йоккха Новгород – čečenčina" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сийлахь-йоккха Новгород" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod" title="Velikiy Novgorod – cebuánčina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Velikiy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod" title="Velikiy Novgorod – krymská tatárčina" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Velikiy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krymská tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velik%C3%BD_Novgorod" title="Veliký Novgorod – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Veliký Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Новъ Градъ – cirkevná slovančina" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Новъ Градъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="cirkevná slovančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Аслă Новгород – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аслă Новгород" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikij_Novgorod" title="Velikij Novgorod – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Velikij Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weliki_Nowgorod" title="Weliki Nowgorod – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Weliki Nowgorod" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wjeliki_Nowgorod" title="Wjeliki Nowgorod – dolnolužická srbčina" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wjeliki Nowgorod" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="dolnolužická srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%8C%CE%B2%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Νόβγκοροντ – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νόβγκοροντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikij_Novgorod" title="Velikij Novgorod – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Velikij Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_N%C3%B3vgorod" title="Veliki Nóvgorod – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Veliki Nóvgorod" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="ولیکی نووگورود – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولیکی نووگورود" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weliki_Nowgorod" title="Weliki Nowgorod – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Weliki Nowgorod" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – západná frízština" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="západná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikii_Novgorod" title="Velikii Novgorod – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Velikii Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%93" title="נובגורוד – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נובגורוד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1" title="वेलीकी नोव्गोरोड – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वेलीकी नोव्गोरोड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wjelikij_Nowgorod" title="Wjelikij Nowgorod – hornolužická srbčina" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wjelikij Nowgorod" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="hornolužická srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod" title="Velikiy Novgorod – haitská kreolčina" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Velikiy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitská kreolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikij_Novgorod" title="Velikij Novgorod – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Velikij Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%AE_%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%A4" title="Մեծ Նովգորոդ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեծ Նովգորոդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod" title="Velikiy Novgorod – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Velikiy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3lmgar%C3%B0ur" title="Hólmgarður – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hólmgarður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikij_Novgorod" title="Velikij Novgorod – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Velikij Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%B4%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AD%E3%83%89" title="ノヴゴロド – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ノヴゴロド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="დიდი ნოვგოროდი – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დიდი ნოვგოროდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A8%EB%A6%AC%ED%82%A4%EB%85%B8%EB%B8%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%9C" title="벨리키노브고로드 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="벨리키노브고로드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B4_%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ыджыд Вылькар – komijčina" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ыджыд Вылькар" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Великий Новгород – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Великий Новгород" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novogardia_Magna" title="Novogardia Magna – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Novogardia Magna" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didysis_Naugardas" title="Didysis Naugardas – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Didysis Naugardas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C4%BCikijnovgoroda" title="Veļikijnovgoroda – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Veļikijnovgoroda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кугу Новгород – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кугу Новгород" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Велики Новгород – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Велики Новгород" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Их Новгород – mongolčina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Их Новгород" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A6" title="वेलिकी नॉवगोरोद – maráthčina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वेलिकी नॉवगोरोद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%88_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Ине Одош ош – erzjančina" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ине Одош ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzjančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naugard" title="Naugard – dolná nemčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Naugard" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolná nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B2vgorod" title="Nòvgorod – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nòvgorod" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Стыр Новгород – osetčina" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Стыр Новгород" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowogr%C3%B3d_Wielki" title="Nowogród Wielki – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nowogród Wielki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ویلیکی نووگورد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ویلیکی نووگورد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="ويليکي نووګورود – paštčina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ويليکي نووګورود" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novog%C3%A1rdia_Magna" title="Novogárdia Magna – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Novogárdia Magna" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod" title="Velikiy Novgorod – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Velikiy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Великий Новгород – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Великий Новгород" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Великый Новгород – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Великый Новгород" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Велики Новгород – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Велики Новгород" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikij_Novgorod" title="Velikij Novgorod – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Velikij Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod" title="Velikiy Novgorod – swahilčina" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Velikiy Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வெலிக்கி நோவ்கோரோத் நகரம் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வெலிக்கி நோவ்கோரோத் நகரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94" title="เวลีคีนอฟโกรอด – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เวลีคีนอฟโกรอด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – tagalčina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_Novgorod" title="Veliki Novgorod – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Veliki Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Бөек Новгород – tatárčina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бөек Новгород" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Новгород – udmurtčina" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Новгород" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Великий Новгород – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Великий Новгород" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF" title="ویلیکی نووگورود – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویلیکی نووگورود" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur%27_Uz%27lidn" title="Sur&#039; Uz&#039;lidn – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sur&#039; Uz&#039;lidn" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod" title="Novgorod – valónčina" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – wolofčina" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolofčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB%E5%93%A5%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7" title="大诺夫哥罗德 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="大诺夫哥罗德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="კაბეტი ნოვგოროდი – mingrelština" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კაბეტი ნოვგოროდი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB%E5%93%A5%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7" title="大诺夫哥罗德 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大诺夫哥罗德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Veliky Novgorod" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapy, letecké fotografie a iné dáta pre 58,51667 31,28333">58,51667°S 31,28333°V</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">58.51667; 31.28333</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></div> <table class="infobox geography" style="width: 256px; padding: 0; font-size: 89%;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Názov (miestny názov)"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.25em; background-color: #dfdfdf;">Velikij Novgorod </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Iné názvy"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background-color: #dfdfdf;"><span style="white-space: nowrap">Великий Новгород</span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow" title="Kategória"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #dfdfdf;">Mesto </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 0.5em;"><div><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Velik_Novg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Velik_Novg.jpg/300px-Velik_Novg.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Velik_Novg.jpg/450px-Velik_Novg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Velik_Novg.jpg/600px-Velik_Novg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="padding-top:0.4em"> Pohľad na nábrežie Volchova a historické opevnenia mesta. </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table style="width: 100%; background: none; align=center; border: none; padding: 0; margin: 0"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="margin-top: 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Flag_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png/120px-Flag_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png/180px-Flag_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png/240px-Flag_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png 2x" data-file-width="1635" data-file-height="981" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-top: 0.4em"><span title=""> Vlajka </span></div></td> <td style="width:50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="padding-top: 0.4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Coat_of_Arms_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Coat_of_Arms_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png/90px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Coat_of_Arms_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png/135px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Coat_of_Arms_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Veliky_Novgorod.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="973" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-top: 0.4em"><span title=""> Erb </span></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Štát, v ktorých objekt leží"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Štát </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko">Rusko</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Región v ktorých objekt leží"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Región </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Novgorodsk%C3%A1_oblas%C5%A5" title="Novgorodská oblasť">Novgorodská oblasť</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Rieky, ktoré cez oblasť pretekajú"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Rieka </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volchov_(rieka)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Volchov (rieka) (stránka neexistuje)">Volchov</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Nadmorská výška"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Nadmorská výška </th> <td>25&#160;<a href="/wiki/Metrov_nad_morom" title="Metrov nad morom">m n. m.</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Geografické súradnice"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Súradnice </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;language=sk&amp;params=58_31_00_N_31_17_00_E_type:city(4000000)_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapy, letecké fotografie a iné dáta pre 58°31′00″S 31°17′00″V"><span class="latitude">58°31′00″S</span> <span class="longitude">31°17′00″V</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapy, letecké fotografie a iné dáta pre 58,51667 31,28333">58,51667°S 31,28333°V</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">58.51667; 31.28333</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="rozloha"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Rozloha </th> <td>90,08&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tvorcov%C3%BD_kilometer" title="Štvorcový kilometer">km²</a>&#160;(9&#160;008&#160;<a href="/wiki/Hekt%C3%A1r" title="Hektár">ha</a>) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Počet obyvateľov"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Obyvateľstvo </th> <td>222&#160;594&#160;<small>(<i><a href="/wiki/2017" title="2017">2017</a></i>)</small> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Hustota obyvateľov"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Hustota </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">2&#160;471,07&#160;obyv./<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tvorcov%C3%BD_kilometer" title="Štvorcový kilometer">km²</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Dátum vzniku"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Prvá písomná zmienka </th> <td><a href="/wiki/859" title="859">859</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Primátor mesta"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Primátor </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jurij_Bobry%C5%A1ev&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jurij Bobryšev (stránka neexistuje)">Jurij Bobryšev</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="&#123;&lt;br/&gt; je zapísané do zoznamu lokalít Svetového dedičstva UNESCO"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #dfdfdf; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 6px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO">Lokalita svetového dedičstva UNESCO</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Názov ako je uvedený v zozname Svetového dedičstva UNSECO"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Názov </th> <td>Velikij Novgorod – historické pamiatky mesta </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Rok zápisu (číslo zasadnutia)"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO#Zasadnutie_výboru_Svetového_dedičstva" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO">Rok zápisu</a><br /><span style="font-weight: normal">(č. zasadnutia)</span> </th> <td>1992 (#16) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Číslo, pod akým je lokalita zaregistrovaná"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Číslo </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/604">604</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Región ako je klasifikovaný UNESCOm"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Región </th> <td>Európa a Severná Amerika </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Kritériá výberu"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO#Kritériá_výberu" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO">Kritériá</a> </th> <td>ii, iv, vi </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <div style="width: 270px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" class="noviewer"> <div style="position: relative;"> <div style="position: relative;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Europe_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Poloha Velikého Novgorodu v Európe"><img alt="Poloha Velikého Novgorodu v Európe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Europe_laea_location_map.svg/270px-Europe_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Europe_laea_location_map.svg/405px-Europe_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Europe_laea_location_map.svg/540px-Europe_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:61.509864625053%; top:33.208821251766%; padding:0; line-height:0;"><div style="position: relative; text-align: center; left: -4px; top: -4px; width: 7px; font-size: 7px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Red_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div style="padding-top: 0.4em; text-align: center;"> Poloha Velikého Novgorodu v Európe </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr title="Wikimedia Commons ponúka multimediálny obsah k téme Velikij Novgorod"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Wikimedia Commons&#58;&#32;</b> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Velikiy_Novgorod" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Velikiy Novgorod">Velikiy Novgorod</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Oficiálna stránka"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Webová stránka&#58;&#32;</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.adm.nov.ru">http://www.adm.nov.ru</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>OpenStreetMap&#58;&#32;</b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3396084#map=14/58.5167/31.2833">mapa</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka&#58;&#32;</b><div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; display:inline-table; padding: 0ex 0.05ex; border-style:none; background:transparent;" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;border:none;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border:none;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Geografia" title="Geografický portál"><img alt="Geografický portál" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/18px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/27px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/36px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span>&#8194;<a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Geografia" title="Portál:Geografia">Geografický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Velikij Novgorod</b> (do roku 1999 <i>Novgorod</i>) je historické <a href="/wiki/Mesto" class="mw-disambig" title="Mesto">mesto</a> v severozápadnom <a href="/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko">Rusku</a>, hlavné mesto <a href="/wiki/Novgorodsk%C3%A1_oblas%C5%A5" title="Novgorodská oblasť">Novgorodskej oblasti</a>. V roku 2017 malo 222 594 obyvateľov. </p><p>Velikij Novgorod je jedno z najstarobylejších miest Ruska. Leží na vodnej ceste, ktorá spájala <a href="/wiki/Baltsk%C3%A9_more" title="Baltské more">Baltské</a> a <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cierne_more" title="Čierne more">Čierne more</a>. V stredoveku bolo centrom <a href="/wiki/Novgorodsk%C3%A1_krajina" title="Novgorodská krajina">Novgorodskej Rusi</a>, počnúc rokom <a href="/wiki/1136" title="1136">1136</a> bol prvou republikou na území Ruska. V 15. storočí po porážke v moskovsko-novgorodskej vojne stratil Novgorod svoju samostatnosť. Za útrapy, ktoré mesto vytrpelo počas nemeckej okupácie cez <a href="/wiki/Druh%C3%A1_svetov%C3%A1_vojna" title="Druhá svetová vojna">druhú svetovú vojnu</a>, mu bol udelený titul <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesto_vojenskej_sl%C3%A1vy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesto vojenskej slávy (stránka neexistuje)">mesto vojenskej slávy</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poloha_a_prírodné_pomery"><span id="Poloha_a_pr.C3.ADrodn.C3.A9_pomery"></span>Poloha a prírodné pomery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Poloha a prírodné pomery" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Poloha a prírodné pomery"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mesto leží na rieke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volchov_(rieka)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Volchov (rieka) (stránka neexistuje)">Volchov</a>, ktoré spája <a href="/wiki/I%C4%BEmensk%C3%A9_jazero" title="Iľmenské jazero">Iľmenské</a> a <a href="/wiki/Lado%C5%BEsk%C3%A9_jazero" title="Ladožské jazero">Ladožské jazero</a>. Nachádza sa asi 160&#160;km juhojuhovýchodne od <a href="/wiki/Petrohrad" title="Petrohrad">Petrohradu</a> a asi 500&#160;km severozápadne od <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskvy</a>. Asi 6&#160;km južne od mesta leží <a href="/wiki/I%C4%BEmensk%C3%A9_jazero" title="Iľmenské jazero">Iľmenské jazero</a>. Geomorfologicky leží v oblasti <a href="/wiki/Valdajsk%C3%A1_pahorkatina" title="Valdajská pahorkatina">Valdajskej pahorkatiny</a> v Iľmeňskej nížine.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dejiny">Dejiny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Dejiny" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Dejiny"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prvá zmienka o existencii osídlenia pochádza z roku <a href="/wiki/859" title="859">859</a>, keď Novgorodčania uznávali iba škandinávske knieža <a href="/wiki/Rurik" class="mw-disambig" title="Rurik">Rurika</a>. Mesto samé vzniklo až v ďalšom storočí, archeologicky doložiteľné bolo osídlenie v polovici 10. storočia. V 10.-11. storočí to bolo jedno z centier <a href="/wiki/Kyjevsk%C3%A1_Rus" title="Kyjevská Rus">Kyjevskej Rusi</a>, neskôr stredisko samostatného kniežatstva. Po roku <a href="/wiki/1136" title="1136">1136</a> bola moc kniežaťa obmedzená, dôležitú úlohu v riadení mesta nadobudol snem (veče) a <a href="/wiki/Starosta" title="Starosta">starosta</a> mesta (posadnik). Politické dejiny mesta v 12.-15. storočí boli plné rozporov medzi <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0%C4%BEachta" title="Šľachta">šľachtou</a> (bojarmi) a kupeckou vrstvou. Novgorod bol v období stredoveku jedným z najvýznamnejších obchodných centier <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B3pa" title="Európa">Európy</a>, udržiaval úzke styky s mestami <a href="/wiki/Hanza" title="Hanza">hanzy</a>. Pozoruhodná bol vzdelanostná úroveň obyvateľstva, medzi ktorým bola bežná <a href="/wiki/Gramotnos%C5%A5" title="Gramotnosť">gramotnosť</a>. Na písanie sa používal špecifický materiál&#160;–&#160;<a href="/wiki/Breza_(rod)" title="Breza (rod)">brezová</a> kôra. V trinástom a štrnástom storočí odolával Novgorod tlaku západných susedov&#160;–&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko" title="Švédsko">Švédov</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1d_nemeck%C3%BDch_rytierov" title="Rád nemeckých rytierov">Rádu nemeckých rytierov</a>, neskôr <a href="/wiki/Dejiny_Litvy#Litovské_veľkokniežatstvo" title="Dejiny Litvy">Litovského veľkokniežatstva</a>. Dejiny Novgorodu ako centra nezávislého štátneho celku skončili v <a href="/wiki/1478" title="1478">1478</a>, kedy bolo územie násilne pripojené k moskovskému kniežatstvu. Na príkaz <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1r" title="Cár">cára</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_III.&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan III. (stránka neexistuje)">Ivana III.</a> boli vyvraždené stovky novgorodských <a href="/wiki/Bojar" title="Bojar">bojarov</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupec&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupec (stránka neexistuje)">kupcov</a>, mesto dovtedy známe ako „pán veľký Novgorod“ a brána do Európy, bolo podriadené <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskve</a>. Ako provinčné sídlo potom od konca pätnásteho storočia zdieľalo <a href="/wiki/Dejiny_Ruska" title="Dejiny Ruska">dejiny Ruska</a>. </p><p>Od roku 1727 bol centrom Novgorodskej gubernie. Počas <a href="/wiki/Rusk%C3%A1_ob%C4%8Dianska_vojna" title="Ruská občianska vojna">občianskej vojny</a> získali 14. novembra 1917 mesto komunisti. V medzivojnovom období sa mesto <a href="/wiki/Priemysel" title="Priemysel">priemyselne</a> rozvíjalo. Počas <a href="/wiki/Druh%C3%A1_svetov%C3%A1_vojna" title="Druhá svetová vojna">druhej svetovej vojny</a> mesto 15. augusta 1941 obsadili nemecké vojská. Oslobodené bolo až 20. januára 1944. Počas bojov bolo mesto prakticky kompletne zničené.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Na povojnovej obnove mesta sa podieľal architekt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexej_Viktorovi%C4%8D_%C5%A0%C4%8Dusev&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexej Viktorovič Ščusev (stránka neexistuje)">A.I. Ščusev</a>. </p><p>5. júla 1944 sa mesto stalo centrom <a href="/wiki/Novgorodsk%C3%A1_oblas%C5%A5" title="Novgorodská oblasť">Novgorodskej oblasti</a>. 26. júla 1951 bola pri archeologickom výskume v meste nájdená <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brezov%C3%A1_gramota&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Brezová gramota (stránka neexistuje)">brezová gramota</a>. Pre svoj značný kultúrny význam bolo mesto v roku 1992 vyhlásené za pamiatku <a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO">svetového kultúrneho dedičstva UNESCO</a>. V decembri 1995 bola v meste prevádzkovaná <a href="/wiki/Trolejbus" title="Trolejbus">trolejbusová</a> doprava. </p><p>11. júna 1999 bolo mesto premenované na Velikij Novgorod. V roku 2008 získalo štatút <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesto_vojenskej_sl%C3%A1vy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesto vojenskej slávy (stránka neexistuje)">mesto vojenskej slávy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pamiatky">Pamiatky</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pamiatky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Pamiatky"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dávnu históriu mesta symbolizujú viaceré architektonické pamiatky. Medzi najznámejšie z nich patria: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novgorodsk%C3%BD_kreme%C4%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Novgorodský kremeľ (stránka neexistuje)">Novgorodský kremeľ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chr%C3%A1m_sv%C3%A4tej_Sofie_(Ve%C4%BEk%C3%BD_Novgorod)" title="Chrám svätej Sofie (Veľký Novgorod)">Chrám svätej Sofie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chr%C3%A1m_sv._Theodora_Stratilata&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chrám sv. Theodora Stratilata (stránka neexistuje)">Chrám sv. Theodora Stratilata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chr%C3%A1m_Zjavenia_Panny_M%C3%A1rie&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chrám Zjavenia Panny Márie (stránka neexistuje)">Chrám Zjavenia Panny Márie</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partnerské_mestá"><span id="Partnersk.C3.A9_mest.C3.A1"></span>Partnerské mestá</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Partnerské mestá" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Partnerské mestá"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bielefeld" title="Bielefeld">Bielefeld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nemecko" title="Nemecko">Nemecko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_Heights,_Ohio&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cleveland Heights, Ohio (stránka neexistuje)">Cleveland Heights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_%C5%A1t%C3%A1ty" title="Spojené štáty">USA</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk" title="Ivano-Frankivsk">Ivano-Frankivsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina">Ukrajina</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moss&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moss (stránka neexistuje)">Moss</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3rsko" title="Nórsko">Nórsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nanterre" title="Nanterre">Nanterre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%BAzsko" title="Francúzsko">Francúzsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rochester_(New_York)" title="Rochester (New York)">Rochester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_%C5%A1t%C3%A1ty" title="Spojené štáty">USA</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%BAzsko" title="Francúzsko">Francúzsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Uusikaupunki" title="Uusikaupunki">Uusikaupunki</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADnsko" title="Fínsko">Fínsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valga&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Valga (stránka neexistuje)">Valga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%B3nsko" title="Estónsko">Estónsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Watford&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Watford (stránka neexistuje)">Watford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovstvo" title="Spojené kráľovstvo">Veľká Británia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zibo&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zibo (stránka neexistuje)">Zibo</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">Čína</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencie">Referencie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Referencie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">KRÁL, Václav. <i>Fyzická geografie Evropy</i>. Vyd. 1. Praha&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Academia_(%C4%8Desk%C3%A9_vydavate%C4%BEstvo)" title="Academia (české vydavateľstvo)">Academia</a>, 1999. 348&#160;s. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/80-200-0684-2" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/80-200-0684-2">ISBN <span class="&#73;SBN">80-200-0684-2</span></a></span>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Novgorod - Boľšaja sovietskaja enciklopedia.</i> [online]. bse.sci-lib.com, [cit. 2010-06-21]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article082102.html">Dostupné online.</a> (po rusky)</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ďalšia_literatúra"><span id=".C4.8Eal.C5.A1ia_literat.C3.BAra"></span>Ďalšia literatúra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Upraviť sekciu: Ďalšia literatúra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Ďalšia literatúra"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_Lavrentievi%C4%8D_Janin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Valentin Lavrentievič Janin (stránka neexistuje)">JANIN, Valentin Lavrenťjevič</a>. <i>Středověký Novgorod v nápisech na březové kůře</i>. Preklad Jitka Komendová. Červený Kostelec&#160;: Pavel Mervart, 2007. 378&#160;s. (Russia Altera; zv. 4.) <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-80-86818-47-4" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-80-86818-47-4">ISBN <span class="&#73;SBN">978-80-86818-47-4</span></a></span>. </cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iné_projekty"><span id="In.C3.A9_projekty"></span>Iné projekty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Upraviť sekciu: Iné projekty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velikij_Novgorod&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Iné projekty"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Velikiy_Novgorod" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Velikiy Novgorod">Commons</a></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na&#160;Commons"><img alt="Spolupracuj na&#160;Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na&#160;tému <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Velikiy_Novgorod" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Velikiy Novgorod">Velikij Novgorod</a></b></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ruské_pamiatky_na_zozname_svetového_dedičstva_UNESCO" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0abl%C3%B3na:Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_%E2%80%93_Rusko" title="Šablóna:Svetové dedičstvo – Rusko"><span title="Zobraz túto šablónu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">z</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusia_k_%C5%A1abl%C3%B3ne:Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_%E2%80%93_Rusko&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskusia k šablóne:Svetové dedičstvo – Rusko (stránka neexistuje)"><span title="Diskusia o tejto šablóne" style=";;background:none 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Sichote-Aliň</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kur%C5%A1sk%C3%A1_kosa" title="Kuršská kosa">Kuršská kosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monastier_Ferapontov&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Monastier Ferapontov (stránka neexistuje)">Komplex monastiera Ferapontov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altaj" title="Altaj">Zlaté hory na Altaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolomenskoje" title="Kolomenskoje">Kolomenskoje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaza%C5%88" title="Kazaň">Kazaň</a> (historický a architektonický komplex kazanského Kremľa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ki%C5%BEi" title="Kiži">Drevené chrámy v Kižskom Pogoste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajkalsk%C3%A9_jazero" title="Bajkalské jazero">Bajkalské jazero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a> (citadela, staré mesto a pevnosť)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Velikij Novgorod</a> (historické pamiatky mesta)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moskovsk%C3%BD_kreme%C4%BE" title="Moskovský kremeľ">Moskovský kremeľ</a> a <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cerven%C3%A9_n%C3%A1mestie" title="Červené námestie">Červené námestie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novodiev%C4%8D%C3%AD_monastier" title="Novodievčí monastier">Novodievčí monastier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrohrad" title="Petrohrad">Petrohrad</a> (historické centrum)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soloveck%C3%A9_ostrovy" title="Solovecké ostrovy">Solovecké ostrovy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struveho_geodetick%C3%BD_obl%C3%BAk" title="Struveho geodetický oblúk">Struveho geodetický oblúk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergijev_Posad" title="Sergijev Posad">Sergijev Posad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uvs_Nuur" class="mw-redirect" title="Uvs Nuur">Uvs Nuur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_(republika)" class="mw-redirect" title="Komi (republika)">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopky_Kam%C4%8Datky" title="Sopky Kamčatky">Sopky Kamčatky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapadnyj_Kavkaz" title="Zapadnyj Kavkaz">Zapadnyj Kavkaz</a></li> <li>Pamiatky v meste <a 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(stránka neexistuje)">Krajina Daurie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chr%C3%A1m_Zosnutia_presv%C3%A4tej_Bohorodi%C4%8Dky_(Svija%C5%BEsko)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chrám Zosnutia presvätej Bohorodičky (Svijažsko) (stránka neexistuje)">Chrám a kláštor Zosnutia presvätej Bohorodičky</a> v Svijažsku</li> <li>Kostoly <a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">pskovskej</a> školy architektúry</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petroglyfy_pri_One%C5%BEskom_jazere_a_Bielom_mori&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Petroglyfy pri Onežskom jazere a Bielom mori (stránka neexistuje)">Petroglyfy pri Onežskom jazere a Bielom mori</a></li> <li>Astronomické observatória <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazansk%C3%A1_feder%C3%A1lna_univerzita&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazanská federálna univerzita (stránka neexistuje)">Kazanskej federálnej univerzity</a></li> <li><a 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