CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>American red squirrel - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"64a180ea-c972-4eb6-bba6-18a6cf03ba57","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"American_red_squirrel","wgTitle":"American red squirrel","wgCurRevisionId":1235966018,"wgRevisionId":1235966018,"wgArticleId":2661985,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles with 'species' microformats","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Taxonbars with 20–24 taxon IDs","Articles containing video clips","IUCN Red List least concern species","NatureServe secure species","Tamiasciurus","Rodents of Canada","Rodents of the United States", "Fauna of the Plains-Midwest (United States)","Fauna of the Great Lakes region (North America)","Fauna of the Northeastern United States","Fauna of the Eastern United States","Fauna of the Rocky Mountains","Mammals described in 1777","Taxa named by Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"American_red_squirrel","wgRelevantArticleId":2661985,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample": false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q326976","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready", "ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg/1200px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="912"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg/800px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="608"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg/640px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="487"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="American red squirrel - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_red_squirrel"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_red_squirrel"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-American_red_squirrel rootpage-American_red_squirrel skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=American+red+squirrel" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=American+red+squirrel" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=American+red+squirrel" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=American+red+squirrel" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Taxonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behavior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behavior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Behavior</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Behavior-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Behavior subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Behavior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Feeding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feeding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Feeding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feeding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reproduction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reproduction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Reproduction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reproduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sociality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sociality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Sociality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sociality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dispersal_and_survival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dispersal_and_survival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dispersal and survival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dispersal_and_survival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">American red squirrel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A" title="سنجاب أحمر أمريكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سنجاب أحمر أمريكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Американска червена катерица – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Американска червена катерица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwi%C3%B1ver_rous_Norzhamerika" title="Gwiñver rous Norzhamerika – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gwiñver rous Norzhamerika" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esquirol_vermell_americ%C3%A0" title="Esquirol vermell americà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Esquirol vermell americà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cikar%C3%AD_%C4%8Derven%C3%BD" title="Čikarí červený – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čikarí červený" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeines_Roth%C3%B6rnchen" title="Gemeines Rothörnchen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gemeines Rothörnchen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dlozi%C5%82gaii_%C3%ADiyis%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Dloziłgaii íiyisígíí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dloziłgaii íiyisígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B2_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="سنجاب قرمز آمریکایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنجاب قرمز آمریکایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cureuil_roux_(Am%C3%A9rique_du_Nord)" title="Écureuil roux (Amérique du Nord) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Écureuil roux (Amérique du Nord)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikaansk_read_iikhoarntsje" title="Amerikaansk read iikhoarntsje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Amerikaansk read iikhoarntsje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A9%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4%EB%B6%89%EC%9D%80%EB%8B%A4%EB%9E%8C%EC%A5%90%EC%B2%AD%EC%84%9C" title="아메리카붉은다람쥐청서 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아메리카붉은다람쥐청서" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99" title="סנאי אדום אמריקני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סנאי אדום אמריקני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Қызыл тиін – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қызыл тиін" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werpol_(Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus)" title="Werpol (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Werpol (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanadai_v%C3%B6r%C3%B6sm%C3%B3kus" title="Kanadai vörösmókus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kanadai vörösmókus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%89" title="سنجاب احمر امريكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سنجاب احمر امريكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikaanse_rode_eekhoorn" title="Amerikaanse rode eekhoorn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amerikaanse rode eekhoorn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosnowi%C3%B3rka_czerwona" title="Sosnowiórka czerwona – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sosnowiórka czerwona" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Красная белка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Красная белка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punaorava" title="Punaorava – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Punaorava" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikansk_r%C3%B6d_ekorre" title="Amerikansk röd ekorre – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amerikansk röd ekorre" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E7%B4%85%E6%9D%BE%E9%BC%A0" title="北美紅松鼠 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="北美紅松鼠" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q326976#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/American_red_squirrel" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:American_red_squirrel" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/American_red_squirrel"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/American_red_squirrel"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/American_red_squirrel" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/American_red_squirrel" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&oldid=1235966018" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=American_red_squirrel&id=1235966018&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAmerican_red_squirrel"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAmerican_red_squirrel"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=American_red_squirrel&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q326976" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of pine squirrel found in North America</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Eurasian species, see <a href="/wiki/Red_squirrel" title="Red squirrel">red squirrel</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">American red squirrel </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg/220px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg/330px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg/440px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2720" data-file-height="2068" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">At <a href="/wiki/Cap_Tourmente_National_Wildlife_Area" title="Cap Tourmente National Wildlife Area">Cap Tourmente National Wildlife Area</a>, Quebec </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Least_Concern" class="mw-redirect" title="Least Concern">Least Concern</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/220px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/330px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/440px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" /></span></span><br />Secure <small> (<a href="/wiki/NatureServe_conservation_status" title="NatureServe conservation status">NatureServe</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-NatureServe_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NatureServe-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Tamiasciurus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">Rodentia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Squirrel" title="Squirrel">Sciuridae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pine_squirrel" title="Pine squirrel"><i>Tamiasciurus</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>T. hudsonicus</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Johann_Christian_Polycarp_Erxleben" title="Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben">Erxleben</a>, 1777)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Subspecies<sup id="cite_ref-Thorington_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thorington-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>T. h. hudsonicus</i></li> <li><i>T. h. abieticola</i></li> <li><i>T. h. baileyi</i></li> <li><i>T. h. columbiensis</i></li> <li><i>T. h. dakotensis</i></li> <li><i>T. h. dixiensis</i></li> <li><i>T. h. fremonti</i></li> <li><i>T. h. gymnicus</i></li> <li><i>T. h. kenaiensis</i></li> <li><i>T. h. lanuginosus</i></li> <li><i>T. h. laurentianus</i></li> <li><i>T. h. loquax</i></li> <li><i>T. h. lychnuchus</i></li> <li><i>T. h. minnesota</i></li> <li><i>T. h. pallescens</i></li> <li><i>T. h. petulans</i></li> <li><i>T. h. picatus</i></li> <li><i>T. h. preblei</i></li> <li><i>T. h. regalis</i></li> <li><i>T. h. richardsoni</i></li> <li><i>T. h. streatori</i></li> <li><i>T. h. ungavensis</i></li> <li><i>T. h. ventorum</i></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_range_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_range_map.png/220px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_range_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_range_map.png/330px-Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_range_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_range_map.png 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="287" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Distribution (including <i><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_red_squirrel" title="Southwestern red squirrel">T. fremonti</a></i>) </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>American red squirrel</b> (<i><b>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</b></i>) is one of three <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tree_squirrel" title="Tree squirrel">tree squirrels</a> currently classified in the <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Tamiasciurus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamiasciurus">Tamiasciurus</a></i>, known as the pine squirrels (the others are the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_squirrel" title="Douglas squirrel">Douglas squirrel</a>, <i>T. douglasii</i>, and the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_red_squirrel" title="Southwestern red squirrel">southwestern red squirrel</a>, <i>T. fremonti</i>). The American red squirrel is variously known as the <b>pine squirrel</b> or <b>piney squirrel</b>, <b>North American red squirrel</b>, <b>chickaree</b>, <b>boomer</b>, or simply <b>red squirrel</b>. The squirrel is a small, 200–250 g (7.1–8.8 oz), <a href="/wiki/Diurnal_animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Diurnal animal">diurnal</a> mammal that defends a year-round exclusive territory. It feeds primarily on the seeds of <a href="/wiki/Conifer" title="Conifer">conifer</a> cones, and is widely distributed across much of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> wherever conifers are common, except in the southwestern United States, where it is replaced by the formerly <a href="/wiki/Conspecific" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspecific">conspecific</a> <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_red_squirrel" title="Southwestern red squirrel">southwestern red squirrel</a>, and along the Pacific coast of the United States, where its cousin the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_squirrel" title="Douglas squirrel">Douglas squirrel</a> is found instead. </p><p>The squirrel has been expanding its range into <a href="/wiki/Hardwood" title="Hardwood">hardwood</a> forests.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>American red squirrels should not be confused with Eurasian red squirrels (<i><a href="/wiki/Sciurus_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciurus vulgaris">Sciurus vulgaris</a></i>); since the ranges of these species do not overlap, they are both commonly referred to as simply "red squirrel" in the areas where they are native. The specific epithet <i>hudsonicus</i> refers to <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson Bay</a>, Canada, where the species was first catalogued by Erxleben in 1771;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> accordingly, the species was formerly sometimes known as Hudson's Bay squirrel, such as in <a href="/wiki/John_James_Audubon" title="John James Audubon">John James Audubon</a>'s work <i>The Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America</i>. A recent <a href="/wiki/Phylogeny" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylogeny">phylogeny</a> suggests the squirrels as a family can be divided into five major lineages. Red squirrels (<i>Tamiasciurus</i>) fall within the clade that includes <a href="/wiki/Flying_squirrel" title="Flying squirrel">flying squirrels</a> and other tree squirrels (e.g., <i><a href="/wiki/Sciurus" title="Sciurus">Sciurus</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Mercer_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mercer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 25 recognized <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> of the American red squirrel.<sup id="cite_ref-Steele_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_red_squirrel" title="Southwestern red squirrel">southwestern red squirrel</a> (<i>T. fremonti</i>) was long considered conspecific with <i>T. hudsonicus</i>, but a 2016 phylogenetic study found it to be a distinct species.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Red squirrels can be easily distinguished from other North American tree squirrels by their smaller size, 28–35 cm (11–14 in) total length (including tail), territorial behavior, and reddish fur with a white venter (underbelly).<sup id="cite_ref-Steele_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red squirrels are somewhat larger than chipmunks. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Douglas_squirrel" title="Douglas squirrel">Douglas squirrel</a> is morphologically similar to the American red squirrels, but has a rust-colored venter and is restricted to the southwestern coast of <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a> of the United States. The ranges of the American red squirrel and the Douglas squirrel overlap in southern British Columbia, northwestern Washington and eastern Oregon.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_squirrel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Red_squirrel.jpg/220px-Red_squirrel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Red_squirrel.jpg/330px-Red_squirrel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Red_squirrel.jpg/440px-Red_squirrel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Front view, <a href="/wiki/Gatineau_Park" title="Gatineau Park">Gatineau Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a></figcaption></figure> <p>American red squirrels are widely distributed across the North American continent. Their range includes: most of <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, excluding northern areas with no tree cover, the southern half of Alberta and the southwestern coast of British Columbia; the southern half of Alaska; the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> area of the United States, and northern half of the eastern United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Steele_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Osgood_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Osgood-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American red squirrels are abundant and not of conservation concern throughout much of their range. American red squirrels were introduced on Newfoundland and have lived there in abundance for decades.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The endangered subspecies <i><a href="/wiki/Mount_Graham_red_squirrel" title="Mount Graham red squirrel">grahamensis</a></i>, found only on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Graham" title="Mount Graham">Mt. Graham, Arizona</a>, was formerly considered a member of this species, but is now considered a subspecies of the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_red_squirrel" title="Southwestern red squirrel">southwestern red squirrel</a> <i>Tamiasciurus fremonti</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AGFD_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AGFD-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Squirrel_Tracks_in_Snow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Fresh red squirrel tracks in snow." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Red_Squirrel_Tracks_in_Snow.jpg/220px-Red_Squirrel_Tracks_in_Snow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Red_Squirrel_Tracks_in_Snow.jpg/330px-Red_Squirrel_Tracks_in_Snow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Red_Squirrel_Tracks_in_Snow.jpg/440px-Red_Squirrel_Tracks_in_Snow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>Fresh Red Squirrel tracks in snow.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behavior">Behavior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feeding">Feeding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Feeding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_squirrel_eating_nut,_13_Jun_2013.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/American_squirrel_eating_nut%2C_13_Jun_2013.JPG/220px-American_squirrel_eating_nut%2C_13_Jun_2013.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/American_squirrel_eating_nut%2C_13_Jun_2013.JPG/330px-American_squirrel_eating_nut%2C_13_Jun_2013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/American_squirrel_eating_nut%2C_13_Jun_2013.JPG/440px-American_squirrel_eating_nut%2C_13_Jun_2013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a><figcaption>Eating nut, in <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, Alberta</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/220px--American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="61" data-mwtitle="American_red_squirrel_(Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:American_red_squirrel_(Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm/American_red_squirrel_%28Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Video of a red squirrel eating, in <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_squirrel_midden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Red_squirrel_midden.jpg/220px-Red_squirrel_midden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Red_squirrel_midden.jpg/330px-Red_squirrel_midden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Red_squirrel_midden.jpg/440px-Red_squirrel_midden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption>Large midden constructed by American red squirrels, <a href="/wiki/Kenai_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Kenai National Wildlife Refuge">Kenai National Wildlife Refuge</a>, Alaska</figcaption></figure> <p>American red squirrels are primarily <a href="/wiki/Granivore" class="mw-redirect" title="Granivore">granivores</a>, but incorporate other food items into their diets opportunistically.<sup id="cite_ref-Steele_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In The Yukon, extensive behavioral observations suggest <a href="/wiki/White_spruce" title="White spruce">white spruce</a> seeds (<i>Picea glauca</i>) comprise more than 50% of a red squirrel's diet, but squirrels have also been observed eating spruce buds and needles, mushrooms, <a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">willow</a> (<i>Salix</i> sp.) leaves, <a href="/wiki/Populus" title="Populus">poplar</a> (<i>Populus</i> sp.) buds and catkins, <a href="/wiki/Bearberry" title="Bearberry">bearberry</a> (<i>Arctostaphylos</i> sp.) flowers and berries, and animal material such as bird eggs or even <a href="/wiki/Snowshoe_hare" title="Snowshoe hare">snowshoe hare</a> leverets (young).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> White spruce cones mature in late July and are harvested by red squirrels in August and September. These harvested cones are stored in a central cache and provide energy and nutrients for survival over the winter and reproduction the following spring. The fallen scales from consumed seed cones can collect in piles, called middens, up to twelve meters across.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> White spruce exhibits two- to six-year masting cycles, where a year of superabundant cone production (mast year)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is followed by several years in which few cones are produced.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American red squirrel territories may contain one or several middens. </p><p>American red squirrels eat a variety of mushroom species, including some that are deadly to humans.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Reproduction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>American red squirrels are spontaneous <a href="/wiki/Ovulation" title="Ovulation">ovulators</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Females enter <a href="/wiki/Estrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrus">estrus</a> for only one day, but venture from their territory prior to ovulation, and these exploratory forays may serve to advertise their upcoming estrus. On the day of estrus, females are chased by several males in an extended mating chase. Males compete with one another for the opportunity to mate with the estrous female. Estrous females will mate with 4 to 16 males. <a href="/wiki/Gestation" title="Gestation">Gestation</a> has been reported to range from 31 to 35 days.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Females can breed for the first time at one year of age, but some females delay breeding until two years of age or older. Most females produce one litter per year, but in some years reproduction is skipped, while in other years some females breed twice. Litter sizes typically range from one to five, but most litters contain three or four offspring. Offspring are pink and hairless at birth and weigh about 10 g. Offspring grow at approximately 1.8 g per day while nursing, and reach adult body size at 125 days. They first emerge from their natal nests at around 42 days, but continue to nurse until approximately 70 days. </p><p>Nests are most commonly constructed of grass in the branches of trees. Nests are also excavated from <a href="/wiki/Witch%27s_broom" title="Witch's broom">witches' broom</a> – abnormally dense vegetative growth resulting from a rust disease – or cavities in the trunks of spruce, poplar, and walnut trees. American red squirrels rarely nest below ground. Each individual squirrel has several nests within its territory, and females with young move them between nests. Some behavior has been reported within human dwellings using insulation as nest material. </p><p>A three-year study of a population of red squirrels in southwest <a href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</a> reported female red squirrels showed high levels of multiple-male mating and would even mate with males with similar genetic relatedness. The relatedness of parents had no effect on the neonatal mass and growth rate of their offspring, nor did it affect the survival rate of offspring to one year of age.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sociality">Sociality</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sociality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Red squirrels are highly territorial and asocial with very few non-reproductive physical interactions (0.6% of all recorded behaviours in one 19-year study).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of physical interactions are in male-female matings and between females and their offspring before the offspring disperse to their own territories (see <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Dispersal_and_survival">Dispersal and survival</a>). The non-reproductive physical interactions recorded were all instances of chasing an intruder from a territory.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispersal_and_survival">Dispersal and survival</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Dispersal and survival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Swimming_red_squirrel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Swimming_red_squirrel.jpg/220px-Swimming_red_squirrel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Swimming_red_squirrel.jpg/330px-Swimming_red_squirrel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Swimming_red_squirrel.jpg/440px-Swimming_red_squirrel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption>Red squirrel swimming</figcaption></figure> <p>If juvenile American red squirrels are to survive their first winter, they must acquire a <a href="/wiki/Territory_(animal)" title="Territory (animal)">territory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Midden#Other_definitions" title="Midden">midden</a>. They can acquire a territory by competing for a vacant territory, creating a new territory or by receiving all or part of a territory from their mothers. This somewhat rare (15% of litters) female behavior is referred to as breeding dispersal or bequeathal, and is a form of maternal investment in offspring.<sup id="cite_ref-BB2000_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BB2000-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prevalence of this behavior is related to the abundance of food resources and the age of the mother. In some cases, females will acquire additional middens prior to reproduction, which they later bequeath to their offspring.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Offspring that do not receive a midden from their mother typically settle within 150 m (3 territory diameters) of their natal territory.<sup id="cite_ref-BB2000_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BB2000-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Observations suggest that male red squirrels have environmentally induced, alternative reproductive strategies that result in higher incidences of sexually selected infanticide in years when food is plentiful.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>American red squirrels experience severe early mortality (on average only 22% survive to one year of age). The survival probability, however, increases to age three, when it begins to decrease again. Females that survive to one year of age have a life expectancy of 3.5 years and a maximum lifespan of 8 years.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Increased maternal attention is correlated with increased offspring growth rate and higher lifetime reproductive success.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chief predators include <a href="/wiki/Canada_lynx" title="Canada lynx">Canada lynx</a> (<i>Lynx canadensis</i>), <a href="/wiki/Bobcat" title="Bobcat">bobcat</a> (<i>Lynx rufus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyote</a> (<i>Canis latrans</i>), <a href="/wiki/Great_horned_owl" title="Great horned owl">great horned owl</a> (<i>Bubo virginianus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Northern_goshawk" title="Northern goshawk">northern goshawk</a> (<i>Accipiter gentilis</i>), <a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_hawk" title="Red-tailed hawk">red-tailed hawk</a> (<i>Buteo jamaicensis</i>), <a href="/wiki/American_crow" title="American crow">American crow</a> (<i>Corvus brachyrynchos</i>), <a href="/wiki/American_marten" title="American marten">American marten</a> (<i>Martes americana</i>), <a href="/wiki/Pacific_marten" title="Pacific marten">pacific marten</a> (<i>Martes caurina</i>), <a href="/wiki/Red_fox" title="Red fox">red fox</a> (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>), <a href="/wiki/Gray_fox" title="Gray fox">gray fox</a> (<i>Urocyon cinereoargenteus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolf</a> (<i>Canis lupus</i>), and <a href="/wiki/Weasel" title="Weasel">weasel</a> (<i>Mustela</i> sp.).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iucn-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-iucn_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCassola,_F.2017" class="citation journal cs1">Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/42587/115192299">"<i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></i>. <b>2016</b>: e.T42587A115192299. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42587A22250817.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42587A22250817.en</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&rft.atitle=Tamiasciurus+hudsonicus&rft.volume=2016&rft.pages=e.T42587A115192299&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42587A22250817.en&rft.au=Cassola%2C+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F42587%2F115192299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NatureServe-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NatureServe_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1155932/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus">"Tamiasciurus hudsonicus"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a> Explorer</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NatureServe+Explorer&rft.atitle=Tamiasciurus+hudsonicus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexplorer.natureserve.org%2FTaxon%2FELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1155932%2FTamiasciurus_hudsonicus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thorington-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thorington_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThoringtonHoffmann2005" class="citation book cs1">Thorington, R.W. Jr.; Hoffmann, R.S. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=12400253">"Family Sciuridae"</a>. In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). <i>Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference</i> (3rd ed.). The Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 754–818. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0"><bdi>978-0-8018-8221-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/26158608">26158608</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Family+Sciuridae&rft.btitle=Mammal+Species+of+the+World%3A+a+taxonomic+and+geographic+reference&rft.pages=754-818&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=The+Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F26158608&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-8221-0&rft.aulast=Thorington&rft.aufirst=R.W.+Jr.&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+R.S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.departments.bucknell.edu%2Fbiology%2Fresources%2Fmsw3%2Fbrowse.asp%3Fid%3D12400253&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoheenSwihartRobins2003" class="citation journal cs1">Goheen, Jacob R.; Swihart, Robert K.; Robins, James H. (2003). "The anatomy of a range expansion: Changes in cranial morphology and rates of energy extraction for North American red squirrels from different latitudes". <i>Oikos</i>. <b>102</b> (1): 33–44. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003Oikos.102...33G">2003Oikos.102...33G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0706.2003.12407.x">10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12407.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oikos&rft.atitle=The+anatomy+of+a+range+expansion%3A+Changes+in+cranial+morphology+and+rates+of+energy+extraction+for+North+American+red+squirrels+from+different+latitudes&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=33-44&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1034%2Fj.1600-0706.2003.12407.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003Oikos.102...33G&rft.aulast=Goheen&rft.aufirst=Jacob+R.&rft.au=Swihart%2C+Robert+K.&rft.au=Robins%2C+James+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woods, S.E.J. (1980). <i>The Squirrels of Canada.</i> National Museums of Canada.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mercer-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mercer_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercerRoth2003" class="citation journal cs1">Mercer, J. M.; Roth, V. L. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faculty.bennington.edu/~kwoods/classes/paleo_biogeog/Readings%202013/Mercer%20and%20Roth%20-%202003%20-%20The%20Effects%20of%20Cenozoic%20Global%20Change%20on%20Squirrel%20.pdf">"The Effects of Cenozoic Global Change on Squirrel Phylogeny"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Science</i>. <b>299</b> (5612): 1568–72. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003Sci...299.1568M">2003Sci...299.1568M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1079705">10.1126/science.1079705</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12595609">12595609</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:40366357">40366357</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Cenozoic+Global+Change+on+Squirrel+Phylogeny&rft.volume=299&rft.issue=5612&rft.pages=1568-72&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1079705&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A40366357%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12595609&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003Sci...299.1568M&rft.aulast=Mercer&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rft.au=Roth%2C+V.+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaculty.bennington.edu%2F~kwoods%2Fclasses%2Fpaleo_biogeog%2FReadings%25202013%2FMercer%2520and%2520Roth%2520-%25202003%2520-%2520The%2520Effects%2520of%2520Cenozoic%2520Global%2520Change%2520on%2520Squirrel%2520.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steele-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Steele_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steele_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steele_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steele_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteele,_M.A.1998" class="citation journal cs1">Steele, M.A. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114214/http://www.science.smith.edu/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-586-01-0001.pdf">"<i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Mammalian Species</i> (586): 1–9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3504443">10.2307/3504443</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3504443">3504443</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253900287">253900287</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.science.smith.edu/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-586-01-0001.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-03-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mammalian+Species&rft.atitle=Tamiasciurus+hudsonicus&rft.issue=586&rft.pages=1-9&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A253900287%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3504443%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3504443&rft.au=Steele%2C+M.A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.science.smith.edu%2Fmsi%2Fpdf%2Fi0076-3519-586-01-0001.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopeMalaneyBellSalazar-Miralles2016" class="citation journal cs1">Hope, Andrew G.; Malaney, Jason L.; Bell, Kayce C.; Salazar-Miralles, Fernando; Chavez, Andreas S.; Barber, Brian R.; Cook, Joseph A. (2016-07-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2016.04.014">"Revision of widespread red squirrels (genus: <i>Tamiasciurus</i>) highlights the complexity of speciation within North American forests"</a>. <i>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</i>. <b>100</b>: 170–182. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016MolPE.100..170H">2016MolPE.100..170H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2016.04.014">10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.014</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27083861">27083861</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Phylogenetics+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Revision+of+widespread+red+squirrels+%28genus%3A+Tamiasciurus%29+highlights+the+complexity+of+speciation+within+North+American+forests&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=170-182&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27083861&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2016.04.014&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016MolPE.100..170H&rft.aulast=Hope&rft.aufirst=Andrew+G.&rft.au=Malaney%2C+Jason+L.&rft.au=Bell%2C+Kayce+C.&rft.au=Salazar-Miralles%2C+Fernando&rft.au=Chavez%2C+Andreas+S.&rft.au=Barber%2C+Brian+R.&rft.au=Cook%2C+Joseph+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.ympev.2016.04.014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteele,_Michael_A._&_Koprowski,_John_L.2001" class="citation book cs1">Steele, Michael A. & Koprowski, John L. (2001). <i>North American Tree Squirrels</i>. Smithsonian Institution. p. 149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781588341006" title="Special:BookSources/9781588341006"><bdi>9781588341006</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=North+American+Tree+Squirrels&rft.pages=149&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9781588341006&rft.au=Steele%2C+Michael+A.+%26+Koprowski%2C+John+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Osgood-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Osgood_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsgood1900" class="citation journal cs1">Osgood, W.H. (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700980/m1/1/">"Results of a biological reconnaissance of the Yukon River region. General account of the region. Annotated list of mammals. Annotated list of birds"</a>. <i>North American Fauna</i>. <b>19</b>: 1–100. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3996%2Fnafa.19.0001">10.3996/nafa.19.0001</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Fauna&rft.atitle=Results+of+a+biological+reconnaissance+of+the+Yukon+River+region.+General+account+of+the+region.+Annotated+list+of+mammals.+Annotated+list+of+birds&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=1-100&rft.date=1900&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3996%2Fnafa.19.0001&rft.aulast=Osgood&rft.aufirst=W.H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetadc700980%2Fm1%2F1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPayne1976" class="citation journal cs1">Payne, Neil F. (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/89149#page/7/mode/1up">"Red Squirrel Introduction to Newfoundland"</a>. <i>Canadian Field-Naturalist</i>. <b>90</b>: 60–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5962%2Fp.344997">10.5962/p.344997</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Field-Naturalist&rft.atitle=Red+Squirrel+Introduction+to+Newfoundland&rft.volume=90&rft.pages=60-64&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5962%2Fp.344997&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Neil+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fitem%2F89149%23page%2F7%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AGFD-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AGFD_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arizona Game and Fish Department. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azgfd.gov/w_c/edits/documents/Tamihugr.di.pdf"><i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101230030545/http://www.azgfd.gov/w%5Fc/edits/documents/Tamihugr.di.pdf">Archived</a> 2010-12-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Heritage Data Management System, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, AZ.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWillsonDe_Santo,_Toni_L.Sieving,_Kathryn_E.2003" class="citation journal cs1">Willson, Mary F.; De Santo, Toni L.; Sieving, Kathryn E. (July 2003). "Red squirrels and predation risk to bird nests in northern forests". <i>Canadian Journal of Zoology</i>. <b>81</b> (7): 1202–1208. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1139%2Fz03-096">10.1139/z03-096</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Red+squirrels+and+predation+risk+to+bird+nests+in+northern+forests&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=1202-1208&rft.date=2003-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1139%2Fz03-096&rft.aulast=Willson&rft.aufirst=Mary+F.&rft.au=De+Santo%2C+Toni+L.&rft.au=Sieving%2C+Kathryn+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaheyeldin2020" class="citation web cs1">Baheyeldin, Khalid (2020-09-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGYQrEKO9q4">"Red Squirrel Harvesting and Storing White Spruce Cones"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/NGYQrEKO9q4">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-11-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Red+Squirrel+Harvesting+and+Storing+White+Spruce+Cones&rft.date=2020-09-05&rft.aulast=Baheyeldin&rft.aufirst=Khalid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DNGYQrEKO9q4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly1994" class="citation journal cs1">Kelly, D (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100525012659/http://www.biol.canterbury.ac.nz/masting/pdfs/Kelly94TREE.pdf">"The evolutionary ecology of mast seeding"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Trends in Ecology & Evolution</i>. <b>9</b> (12): 465–70. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994TEcoE...9..465K">1994TEcoE...9..465K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0169-5347%2894%2990310-7">10.1016/0169-5347(94)90310-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21236924">21236924</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biol.canterbury.ac.nz/masting/pdfs/Kelly94TREE.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-05-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Ecology+%26+Evolution&rft.atitle=The+evolutionary+ecology+of+mast+seeding&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=465-70&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21236924&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0169-5347%2894%2990310-7&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994TEcoE...9..465K&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biol.canterbury.ac.nz%2Fmasting%2Fpdfs%2FKelly94TREE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNienstaedtZasada1990" class="citation cs1">Nienstaedt, Hans; Zasada, John C. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/misc/ag_654/volume_1/picea/glauca.htm">"<i>Picea glauca</i>"</a>. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/misc/ag_654/volume_1/vol1_table_of_contents.htm"><i>Conifers</i></a>. <i>Silvics of North America</i>. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">United States Forest Service</a> (USFS), <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a> (USDA) – via Southern Research Station.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conifers&rft.btitle=Silvics+of+North+America&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=United+States+Forest+Service+%28USFS%29%2C+United+States+Department+of+Agriculture+%28USDA%29&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Nienstaedt&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.au=Zasada%2C+John+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.srs.fs.usda.gov%2Fpubs%2Fmisc%2Fag_654%2Fvolume_1%2Fpicea%2Fglauca.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWernert1982" class="citation book cs1">Wernert, Susan J. (1982). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/readersdigestnor00wern"><i>Reader's Digest North American wildlife</i></a></span> (2. pr. ed.). Pleasantville, NY [u.a.]: Reader's Digest Assoc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89577-102-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89577-102-5"><bdi>978-0-89577-102-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reader%27s+Digest+North+American+wildlife&rft.place=Pleasantville%2C+NY+%5Bu.a.%5D&rft.edition=2.+pr.&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest+Assoc.&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-89577-102-5&rft.aulast=Wernert&rft.aufirst=Susan+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freadersdigestnor00wern&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLayne1954" class="citation journal cs1">Layne, James N. (1954). "The biology of the red squirrel <i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus loquax</i> in central New York". <i>Ecological Monographs</i>. <b>24</b> (3): 227–268. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1948465">10.2307/1948465</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1948465">1948465</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Monographs&rft.atitle=The+biology+of+the+red+squirrel+Tamiasciurus+hudsonicus+loquax+in+central+New+York&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=227-268&rft.date=1954&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1948465&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1948465%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Layne&rft.aufirst=James+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillar1970" class="citation journal cs1">Millar, John S. (1970). "The breeding season and reproductive cycle of the western red squirrel". <i>Canadian Journal of Zoology</i>. <b>48</b> (3): 471–473. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1139%2Fz70-079">10.1139/z70-079</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=The+breeding+season+and+reproductive+cycle+of+the+western+red+squirrel&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=471-473&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1139%2Fz70-079&rft.aulast=Millar&rft.aufirst=John+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLair1985" class="citation journal cs1">Lair, H. (1985). "Length of gestation in the red squirrel, <i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i>". <i>Journal of Mammalogy</i>. <b>66</b> (4): 809–810. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1380818">10.2307/1380818</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1380818">1380818</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammalogy&rft.atitle=Length+of+gestation+in+the+red+squirrel%2C+Tamiasciurus+hudsonicus&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=809-810&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1380818&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1380818%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Lair&rft.aufirst=H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newswise.com/articles/view/541948/">When It Comes to Female Red Squirrels, It Seems Any Male Will Do</a>. <i>Newswise</i> (20 June 2008).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorrellMcAdamColtmanHumphries2010" class="citation journal cs1">Gorrell, Jamieson C.; McAdam, Andrew G.; Coltman, David W.; Humphries, Murray M.; Boutin, Stan (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncomms1022">"Adopting kin enhances inclusive fitness in asocial red squirrels"</a>. <i>Nature Communications</i>. <b>1</b> (1): 22. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010NatCo...1...22G">2010NatCo...1...22G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncomms1022">10.1038/ncomms1022</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10613%2F3207">10613/3207</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20975694">20975694</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205305747">205305747</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=Adopting+kin+enhances+inclusive+fitness+in+asocial+red+squirrels&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=22&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10613%2F3207&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205305747%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010NatCo...1...22G&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20975694&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncomms1022&rft.aulast=Gorrell&rft.aufirst=Jamieson+C.&rft.au=McAdam%2C+Andrew+G.&rft.au=Coltman%2C+David+W.&rft.au=Humphries%2C+Murray+M.&rft.au=Boutin%2C+Stan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252Fncomms1022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BB2000-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BB2000_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BB2000_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerteauxBoutin2000" class="citation journal cs1">Berteaux, Dominique; Boutin, Stan (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/t722h8974/Ecology_81_2000_1311.pdf">"Breeding Dispersal in Female North American Red Squirrels"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Ecology</i>. <b>81</b> (5): 1311. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1890%2F0012-9658%282000%29081%5B1311%3ABDIFNA%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[1311:BDIFNA]2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/177210">177210</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Breeding+Dispersal+in+Female+North+American+Red+Squirrels&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1311&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1890%2F0012-9658%282000%29081%5B1311%3ABDIFNA%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F177210%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Berteaux&rft.aufirst=Dominique&rft.au=Boutin%2C+Stan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fera.library.ualberta.ca%2Ffiles%2Ft722h8974%2FEcology_81_2000_1311.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoutinLarsenBerteaux2000" class="citation journal cs1">Boutin, S; Larsen, K. W.; Berteaux, D (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1690781">"Anticipatory parental care: Acquiring resources for offspring prior to conception"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</i>. <b>267</b> (1457): 2081–2085. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frspb.2000.1252">10.1098/rspb.2000.1252</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1690781">1690781</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11416912">11416912</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Anticipatory+parental+care%3A+Acquiring+resources+for+offspring+prior+to+conception&rft.volume=267&rft.issue=1457&rft.pages=2081-2085&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1690781%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11416912&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspb.2000.1252&rft.aulast=Boutin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Larsen%2C+K.+W.&rft.au=Berteaux%2C+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1690781&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHainesColtmanDantzerGorrell2018" class="citation journal cs1">Haines, Jessica A.; Coltman, David W.; Dantzer, Ben; Gorrell, Jamieson C.; Humphries, Murray M.; Lane, Jeffrey E.; McAdam, Andrew; Boutin, Stan (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/10613/6527/1/Gorrell.Ecology.99.5.pdf">"Sexually selected infanticide by male red squirrels in advance of a mast year"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Ecology</i>. <b>99</b> (5): 1242–1244. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.25316%2Fir-1436">10.25316/ir-1436</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29543323">29543323</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Sexually+selected+infanticide+by+male+red+squirrels+in+advance+of+a+mast+year&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1242-1244&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.25316%2Fir-1436&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29543323&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=Jessica+A.&rft.au=Coltman%2C+David+W.&rft.au=Dantzer%2C+Ben&rft.au=Gorrell%2C+Jamieson+C.&rft.au=Humphries%2C+Murray+M.&rft.au=Lane%2C+Jeffrey+E.&rft.au=McAdam%2C+Andrew&rft.au=Boutin%2C+Stan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fviurrspace.ca%2Fbitstream%2F10613%2F6527%2F1%2FGorrell.Ecology.99.5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcAdamBoutinSykesHumphries2007" class="citation journal cs1">McAdam, Andrew G.; Boutin, Stan; Sykes, Ainsley K.; Humphries, Murray M. (2007). "Life histories of female red squirrels and their contributions to population growth and lifetime fitness". <i>Écoscience</i>. <b>14</b> (3): 362. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2980%2F1195-6860%282007%2914%5B362%3ALHOFRS%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.2980/1195-6860(2007)14[362:LHOFRS]2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:86378466">86378466</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89coscience&rft.atitle=Life+histories+of+female+red+squirrels+and+their+contributions+to+population+growth+and+lifetime+fitness&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=362&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2980%2F1195-6860%282007%2914%5B362%3ALHOFRS%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A86378466%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=McAdam&rft.aufirst=Andrew+G.&rft.au=Boutin%2C+Stan&rft.au=Sykes%2C+Ainsley+K.&rft.au=Humphries%2C+Murray+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2020" class="citation journal cs1">Taylor, Ryan W.; et al. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2019/10/29/594093.full.pdf">"Attentive Red Squirrel Mothers Have Faster Growing Pups and Higher Lifetime Reproductive Success"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology</i>. <b>74</b> (6). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00265-020-02856-7">10.1007/s00265-020-02856-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:219176132">219176132</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Behavioral+Ecology+and+Sociobiology&rft.atitle=Attentive+Red+Squirrel+Mothers+Have+Faster+Growing+Pups+and+Higher+Lifetime+Reproductive+Success&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=6&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00265-020-02856-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A219176132%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Ryan+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biorxiv.org%2Fcontent%2Fbiorxiv%2Fearly%2F2019%2F10%2F29%2F594093.full.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubin" class="citation web cs1">Rubin, Catherine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus/">"Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (red squirrel)"</a>. <i>Animal Diversity Web</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Animal+Diversity+Web&rft.atitle=Tamiasciurus+hudsonicus+%28red+squirrel%29&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanimaldiversity.org%2Faccounts%2FTamiasciurus_hudsonicus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+red+squirrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tamiasciurus hudsonicus">Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Tamiasciurus hudsonicus">Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/handle/11122/10599">Density and distribution old-growth forest</a>, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Moriz Steiner, Falk Huettmann</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706202149/http://www.redsquirrel.ca/KRSP/Home.html">Kluane Red Squirrel Project webpage</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kluane_National_Park_and_Reserve" title="Kluane National Park and Reserve">Kluane National Park and Reserve</a>, Yukon</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnh.si.edu/mna/image_info.cfm?species_id=400">Article on the American red squirrel</a> – <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="National Museum of Natural History">National Museum of Natural History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ag.arizona.edu/research/redsquirrel/">Mount Graham Red Squirrel Research</a> – School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ofnc.ca/programs/fletcher-wildlife-garden/flora-and-fauna-at-the-fwg/red-squirrels-at-the-fwg">American red squirrel</a>, Fletcher Wildlife Garden</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_species_of_family_Sciuridae_(subfamily_Sciurinae,_Sciurini_tribe)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:S._Sciurinae1_nav" title="Template:S. Sciurinae1 nav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:S._Sciurinae1_nav" title="Template talk:S. Sciurinae1 nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:S._Sciurinae1_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:S. Sciurinae1 nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_species_of_family_Sciuridae_(subfamily_Sciurinae,_Sciurini_tribe)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant species of family <a href="/wiki/Squirrel" title="Squirrel">Sciuridae</a> (subfamily <a href="/wiki/Sciurinae" title="Sciurinae">Sciurinae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sciurini" title="Sciurini">Sciurini</a> tribe)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Order: <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">Rodentia</a></li> <li>Suborder: <a href="/wiki/Sciuromorpha" title="Sciuromorpha">Sciuromorpha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Microsciurus" title="Microsciurus">Microsciurus</a></i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Dwarf squirrels)</span></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_dwarf_squirrel" title="Central American dwarf squirrel">Central American dwarf squirrel <i>(Microsciurus alfari)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_dwarf_squirrel" title="Amazon dwarf squirrel">Amazon dwarf squirrel <i>(Microsciurus flaviventer)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_dwarf_squirrel" title="Western dwarf squirrel">Western dwarf squirrel <i>(Microsciurus mimulus)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santander_dwarf_squirrel" title="Santander dwarf squirrel">Santander dwarf squirrel <i>(Microsciurus santanderensis)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sciurus-vulgaris_hernandeangelis_stockholm_2008-06-04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sciurus-vulgaris_hernandeangelis_stockholm_2008-06-04.jpg/170px-Sciurus-vulgaris_hernandeangelis_stockholm_2008-06-04.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sciurus-vulgaris_hernandeangelis_stockholm_2008-06-04.jpg/255px-Sciurus-vulgaris_hernandeangelis_stockholm_2008-06-04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sciurus-vulgaris_hernandeangelis_stockholm_2008-06-04.jpg/340px-Sciurus-vulgaris_hernandeangelis_stockholm_2008-06-04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1004" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Goldmantelziesel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Goldmantelziesel.jpg/170px-Goldmantelziesel.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Goldmantelziesel.jpg/255px-Goldmantelziesel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Goldmantelziesel.jpg/340px-Goldmantelziesel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2060" data-file-height="1773" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tamiasciurus_douglasii_000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Tamiasciurus_douglasii_000.jpg/170px-Tamiasciurus_douglasii_000.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Tamiasciurus_douglasii_000.jpg/255px-Tamiasciurus_douglasii_000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Tamiasciurus_douglasii_000.jpg/340px-Tamiasciurus_douglasii_000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tufted_ground_squirrel" title="Tufted ground squirrel">Rheithrosciurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tufted_ground_squirrel" title="Tufted ground squirrel">Tufted ground squirrel <i>(Rheithrosciurus macrotis)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sciurus" title="Sciurus">Sciurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><u>Subgenus <i>Guerlinguetus</i></u></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_squirrel" title="Brazilian squirrel">Brazilian squirrel <i>(Sciurus aestuans)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Yungas_red_squirrel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Yungas red squirrel (page does not exist)">South Yungas red squirrel <i>(Sciurus argentinius)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yellow-throated_squirrel" title="Yellow-throated squirrel">Yellow-throated squirrel <i>(Sciurus gilvigularis)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_squirrel" title="Red-tailed squirrel">Red-tailed squirrel <i>(Sciurus granatensis)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_squirrel" title="Bolivian squirrel">Bolivian squirrel <i>(Sciurus ignitus)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sciurus_ingrami" title="Sciurus ingrami">Atlantic Forest squirrel <i>(Sciurus ingrami)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Andean_squirrel" title="Andean squirrel">Andean squirrel <i>(Sciurus pucheranii)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Richmond%27s_squirrel" title="Richmond's squirrel">Richmond's squirrel <i>(Sciurus richmondi)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sanborn%27s_squirrel" title="Sanborn's squirrel">Sanborn's squirrel <i>(Sciurus sanborni)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guayaquil_squirrel" title="Guayaquil squirrel">Guayaquil squirrel <i>(Sciurus stramineus)</i></a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><u>Subgenus <i>Hadrosciurus</i></u></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fiery_squirrel" title="Fiery squirrel">Fiery squirrel <i>(Sciurus flammifer)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADn_red_squirrel" title="Junín red squirrel">Junín red squirrel <i>(Sciurus pyrrhinus)</i></a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><u>Subgenus <i>Hesperosciurus</i></u></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Western_gray_squirrel" title="Western gray squirrel">Western gray squirrel <i>(Sciurus griseus)</i></a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><u>Subgenus <i>Otosciurus</i></u></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Abert%27s_squirrel" title="Abert's squirrel">Abert's squirrel <i>(Sciurus aberti)</i></a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><u>Subgenus <i>Sciurus</i></u></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Allen%27s_squirrel" title="Allen's squirrel">Allen's squirrel <i>(Sciurus alleni)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Arizona_gray_squirrel" title="Arizona gray squirrel">Arizona gray squirrel <i>(Sciurus arizonensis)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mexican_gray_squirrel" title="Mexican gray squirrel">Mexican gray squirrel <i>(Sciurus aureogaster)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eastern_gray_squirrel" title="Eastern gray squirrel">Eastern gray squirrel <i>(Sciurus carolinensis)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Collie%27s_squirrel" title="Collie's squirrel">Collie's squirrel <i>(Sciurus colliaei)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Deppe%27s_squirrel" title="Deppe's squirrel">Deppe's squirrel <i>(Sciurus deppei)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Japanese_squirrel" title="Japanese squirrel">Japanese squirrel <i>(Sciurus lis)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Calabrian_black_squirrel" title="Calabrian black squirrel">Calabrian black squirrel <i>(Sciurus meridionalis)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mexican_fox_squirrel" title="Mexican fox squirrel">Mexican fox squirrel <i>(Sciurus nayaritensis)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fox_squirrel" title="Fox squirrel">Fox squirrel <i>(Sciurus niger)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Peters%27s_squirrel" title="Peters's squirrel">Peters's squirrel <i>(Sciurus oculatus)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Variegated_squirrel" title="Variegated squirrel">Variegated squirrel <i>(Sciurus variegatoides)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Red_squirrel" title="Red squirrel">Red squirrel <i>(Sciurus vulgaris)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yucatan_squirrel" title="Yucatan squirrel">Yucatan squirrel <i>(Sciurus yucatanensis)</i></a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><u>Subgenus <i>Tenes</i></u></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_squirrel" title="Caucasian squirrel">Caucasian squirrel <i>(Sciurus anomalus)</i></a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><u>Subgenus <i>Urosciurus</i></u></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Northern_Amazon_red_squirrel" title="Northern Amazon red squirrel">Northern Amazon red squirrel <i>(Sciurus igniventris)</i></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Southern_Amazon_red_squirrel" title="Southern Amazon red squirrel">Southern Amazon red squirrel <i>(Sciurus spadiceus)</i></a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Bangs%27s_mountain_squirrel" title="Bangs's mountain squirrel">Syntheosciurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangs%27s_mountain_squirrel" title="Bangs's mountain squirrel">Bangs's mountain squirrel <i>(Syntheosciurus brochus)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pine_squirrel" title="Pine squirrel">Tamiasciurus</a></i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Pine squirrels)</span></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_squirrel" title="Douglas squirrel">Douglas squirrel <i>(Tamiasciurus douglasii)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_red_squirrel" title="Southwestern red squirrel">Southwestern red squirrel <i>(Tamiasciurus fremonti)</i></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">American red squirrel <i>(Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Squirrels" title="Category:Squirrels">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Okapi2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/21px-Okapi2.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/32px-Okapi2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/42px-Okapi2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1707" data-file-height="1482" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mammals" title="Portal:Mammals">Mammals</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/21px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/32px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/42px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1413" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Animals" title="Portal:Animals">Animals</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Issoria_lathonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/21px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/32px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Issoria_lathonia.jpg/42px-Issoria_lathonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="445" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biology" title="Portal:Biology">Biology</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326976" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q326976">Q326976</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Tamiasciurus hudsonicus">Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus/">Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=12319">12319</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/54MTK">54MTK</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/347433">347433</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/TMSCHU">TMSCHU</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">FEIS: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/animals/mammal/tahu/all.html">tahu</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2437282">2437282</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/46260">46260</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10201459">10201459</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180166">180166</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/42587">42587</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Mammalogists#Mammal_Diversity_Database" title="American Society of Mammalogists">MDD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1001706">1001706</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=12400253">12400253</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1155932/">2.1155932</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=10009">10009</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/87976/">87976</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=866988">866988</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=52035">52035</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierstimmenarchiv" class="extiw" title="de:Tierstimmenarchiv">TSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tierstimmen.org/en/database?field_spec_species_target_id_selective=17376">17376</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326976#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85132184">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007558310405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&oldid=1235966018">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&oldid=1235966018</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:IUCN_Red_List_least_concern_species" title="Category:IUCN Red List least concern species">IUCN Red List least concern species</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NatureServe_secure_species" title="Category:NatureServe secure species">NatureServe secure species</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tamiasciurus" title="Category:Tamiasciurus">Tamiasciurus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rodents_of_Canada" title="Category:Rodents of Canada">Rodents of Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rodents_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Rodents of the United States">Rodents of the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_the_Plains-Midwest_(United_States)" title="Category:Fauna of the Plains-Midwest (United States)">Fauna of the Plains-Midwest (United States)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_the_Great_Lakes_region_(North_America)" title="Category:Fauna of the Great Lakes region (North America)">Fauna of the Great Lakes region (North America)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_the_Northeastern_United_States" title="Category:Fauna of the Northeastern United States">Fauna of the Northeastern United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_the_Eastern_United_States" title="Category:Fauna of the Eastern United States">Fauna of the Eastern United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_the_Rocky_Mountains" title="Category:Fauna of the Rocky Mountains">Fauna of the Rocky Mountains</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mammals_described_in_1777" title="Category:Mammals described in 1777">Mammals described in 1777</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxa_named_by_Johann_Christian_Polycarp_Erxleben" title="Category:Taxa named by Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben">Taxa named by Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_%27species%27_microformats" title="Category:Articles with 'species' microformats">Articles with 'species' microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxonbars_with_20%E2%80%9324_taxon_IDs" title="Category:Taxonbars with 20–24 taxon IDs">Taxonbars with 20–24 taxon IDs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_video_clips" title="Category:Articles containing video clips">Articles containing video clips</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 July 2024, at 04:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_red_squirrel&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gzbbg","wgBackendResponseTime":162,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.891","walltime":"1.110","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9493,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":125874,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":9849,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":25,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":126531,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":21,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1002.613 1 -total"," 27.25% 273.166 1 Template:Speciesbox"," 26.66% 267.272 1 Template:Taxobox/core"," 25.74% 258.061 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.99% 150.311 1 Template:Taxonbar"," 9.75% 97.794 1 Template:S._Sciurinae1_nav"," 9.58% 96.085 1 Template:Navbox"," 8.48% 85.034 17 Template:Cite_journal"," 7.83% 78.455 1 Template:Cite_iucn"," 6.58% 65.973 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.632","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9222933,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gzbbg","timestamp":"20241123140342","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"American red squirrel","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_red_squirrel","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q326976","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q326976","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-09-11T19:24:22Z","dateModified":"2024-07-22T04:44:36Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c6\/Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus_CT.jpg","headline":"species of mammal"}</script> </body> </html>