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style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Brita Robertson</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973619"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973619/Evolutionarily_conserved_organization_of_the_dopaminergic_system_in_lamprey_SNc_VTA_afferent_and_efferent_connectivity_and_D2_receptor_expression"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionarily conserved organization of the dopaminergic system in lamprey: SNc/VTA afferent and efferent connectivity and D2 receptor expression" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052556/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973619/Evolutionarily_conserved_organization_of_the_dopaminergic_system_in_lamprey_SNc_VTA_afferent_and_efferent_connectivity_and_D2_receptor_expression">Evolutionarily conserved organization of the dopaminergic system in lamprey: SNc/VTA afferent and efferent connectivity and D2 receptor expression</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of comparative neurology</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The dopaminergic system influences motor behavior, signals reward and novelty, and is an essentia...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The dopaminergic system influences motor behavior, signals reward and novelty, and is an essential component of the basal ganglia in all vertebrates including the lamprey, one of the phylogenetically oldest vertebrates. The intrinsic organization and function of the lamprey basal ganglia is highly conserved. For instance, the direct and indirect pathways are modulated through dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in lamprey and in mammals. The nucleus of the tuberculum posterior, a homologue of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc)/ventral tegmental area (VTA) is present in lamprey, but only scarce data exist about its connectivity. Likewise, the D2 receptor is expressed in the striatum, but little is known about its localization in other brain areas. We used in situ hybridization and tracer injections, both in combination with tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry, to characterize the SNc/VTA efferent and afferent connectivity, and to relate its projection pattern with D2 receptor ex...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3a225a1596ba106f5787233289ec997d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052556,"asset_id":87973619,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052556/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973619"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973619"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973619; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="62414144"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/62414144/The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Implications"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Lamprey Forebrain – Evolutionary Implications" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75188145/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/62414144/The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Implications">The Lamprey Forebrain – Evolutionary Implications</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Brain, Behavior and Evolution</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The forebrain plays a critical role in a broad range of neural processes encompassing sensory int...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The forebrain plays a critical role in a broad range of neural processes encompassing sensory integration and initiation/selection of behaviour. The forebrain functions through an interaction between different cortical areas, the thalamus, the basal ganglia with the dopamine system, and the habenulae. The ambition here is to compare the mammalian forebrain with that of the lamprey representing the oldest now living group of vertebrates, by a review of earlier studies. We show that the lamprey dorsal pallium has a motor, a somatosensory, and a visual area with retinotopic representation. The lamprey pallium was previously thought to be largely olfactory. There is also a detailed similarity between the lamprey and mammals with regard to other forebrain structures like the basal ganglia in which the general organisation, connectivity, transmitters and their receptors, neuropeptides, and expression of ion channels are virtually identical. These initially unexpected results allow for the...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e60d4f5aa7c7ea67a6ffb37da4b233da" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":75188145,"asset_id":62414144,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75188145/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="62414144"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62414144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62414144; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62414144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62414144]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62414144; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='62414144']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e60d4f5aa7c7ea67a6ffb37da4b233da" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=62414144]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":62414144,"title":"The Lamprey Forebrain – Evolutionary Implications","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/62414144/The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Implications","owner_id":161454231,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":161454231,"first_name":"Shreyas","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"M Suryanarayana","page_name":"ShreyasMSuryanarayana","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-06-17T21:58:23.258-07:00","display_name":"Shreyas M Suryanarayana","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana"},"attachments":[{"id":75188145,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75188145/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"517492.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75188145/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/75188145/517492-libre.pdf?1637904671=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844023\u0026Signature=ID6j3wjN9SfjlcA6Xr7OIqrW3NuCkdsyOmw6DfdgfUaVc2miuf1iWzO48TzhbvR-ZiwiBQ4K6jhMbzKAbOBFNj8nOuMmHm~qCMh4W6vxb21yJ~oF4Jz~plNGksyOfc99RjGGjCtrFQR0Mz~0xRHtUc5zXZLlgDGWdf-z779MDEEY3hOKrW6U3Wxt2E0urNkySjS7GdiLXIaO~GlNgtl6PZGVxkusngqFQ7jVv5K9D25iHv7cMPfzcU95-tg9rzmlGwd2jtPpMxIJqbhNFpGSqm~Toy4LOfL4NgE4LSgg42V-kEGrHGvh5Zp84RJK1M3osYTsCrGeW-YogYp5oVH-sg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":75188146,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75188146/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"517492.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75188146/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/75188146/517492-libre.pdf?1637904672=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844023\u0026Signature=JhkrD~K4vJFqsLoM0eDUBhIZkbk~lQl2scJz-6-~0jlo5cngMu6zTGaFyok~CGydziXwiiw4dE8TxM4CgpKvU3EfLSRKEKC-e5UCSr-KTZR8fGvliSW4pZu6FSQbJzEqdOApn2lrm40EqCc83cdOJ-Cgy5n5cZ1cyne~DFkivHXm-nhcda4CjhHE-Bge3wy-o1FXLOAlnIqaL6YQ~GHsYqc3si1~CV-IKc9DJVwPTuOT2EK6nxGXQcGKNqDLVxL6Y8MhcZDu0oJMRC73QRrunTt4byrGAz0l0x3n1gzAsyyHG~05KQziN5uEH0llNDm~Ln66FT3DXrj9btWNxfDd4A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973620"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973620/Griseum_centrale_a_homologue_of_the_periaqueductal_gray_in_the_lamprey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Griseum centrale, a homologue of the periaqueductal gray in the lamprey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052574/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973620/Griseum_centrale_a_homologue_of_the_periaqueductal_gray_in_the_lamprey">Griseum centrale, a homologue of the periaqueductal gray in the lamprey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IBRO Reports</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fear, a response to threatening stimuli and important for survival, is a behavior found throughou...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fear, a response to threatening stimuli and important for survival, is a behavior found throughout the animal kingdom. One critical structure involved in the expression of fear-related behavior is the periaqueductal gray (PAG) in mammals, and in the zebrafish, the griseum centrale. Here, we show in the lamprey, belonging to the oldest now living group of vertebrates, that a bilateral periventricular nucleus in the ventral mesencephalon has a similar location to that of the PAG and griseum centrale. It targets the pretectum and the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), expresses the dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and receives input from the pallium (cortex in mammals), hypothalamus, the raphe area and SNc. These are all hallmarks of the mammalian PAG. In addition, like in the zebrafish, there is an input from the interpeduncular nucleus. Our results thus suggest that a structure homologous to the PAG/griseum centrale was present very early in vertebrate evolution.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e5525fce8c565ad4890643d8f6531e24" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052574,"asset_id":87973620,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052574/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973620"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973620"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973620; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973620]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973620]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973620; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87973620']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e5525fce8c565ad4890643d8f6531e24" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87973620]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87973620,"title":"Griseum centrale, a homologue of the periaqueductal gray in the lamprey","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87973620/Griseum_centrale_a_homologue_of_the_periaqueductal_gray_in_the_lamprey","owner_id":161454231,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":161454231,"first_name":"Shreyas","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"M Suryanarayana","page_name":"ShreyasMSuryanarayana","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-06-17T21:58:23.258-07:00","display_name":"Shreyas M Suryanarayana","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana"},"attachments":[{"id":92052574,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052574/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ptpmcrender.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052574/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Griseum_centrale_a_homologue_of_the_peri.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92052574/ptpmcrender-libre.pdf?1665033413=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGriseum_centrale_a_homologue_of_the_peri.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844024\u0026Signature=RhsNzrHxs~uN-BOoLcHX1N2~NnkgVajTM8P7qEljBx~FfHQwsSWFuv9XcoT3KusGjOOa6FkK4f6nBrCN7VC2ZESAxhjbvYTghCiDskzixuLAMjmWaQEHBF1CsLOabQfN18igxNWabMJW3d1FO4Ef75dC78lqHpMF63ULJmksMSsbrxxbGEM8QsKeoZCkRGQDR2FFsD27NpyLXk~St1CsdqWKogeP2ohMhsoZQ4ysmc7q4~naYHbOkvhD5Gshp2bQ~HpqH8tNflzzPzLVlEhyTVAZxntd~wnVlTlX9Aapqd89Lv5tWwYON-AsGIZlOGT9dSST51T3qQZnNF4PEU8cmQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973631"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973631/The_neural_bases_of_vertebrate_motor_behaviour_through_the_lens_of_evolution"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The neural bases of vertebrate motor behaviour through the lens of evolution" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052539/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973631/The_neural_bases_of_vertebrate_motor_behaviour_through_the_lens_of_evolution">The neural bases of vertebrate motor behaviour through the lens of evolution</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The primary driver of the evolution of the vertebrate nervous system has been the necessity to mo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The primary driver of the evolution of the vertebrate nervous system has been the necessity to move, along with the requirement of controlling the plethora of motor behavioural repertoires seen among the vast and diverse vertebrate species. Understanding the neural basis of motor control through the perspective of evolution, mandates thorough examinations of the nervous systems of species in critical phylogenetic positions. We present here, a broad review of studies on the neural motor infrastructure of the lamprey, a basal and ancient vertebrate, which enjoys a unique phylogenetic position as being an extant representative of the earliest group of vertebrates. From the central pattern generators in the spinal cord to the microcircuits of the pallial cortex, work on the lamprey brain over the years, has provided detailed insights into the basic organization (a bauplan ) of the ancestral vertebrate brain, and narrates a compelling account of common ancestry of fundamental aspects of ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="40b33c38ab16810dac1e5994334ac02c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052539,"asset_id":87973631,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052539/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973631"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973631"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973631; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973631]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973631]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973631; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87973631']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973624"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973624/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052564/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973624/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium">The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, whereas anamniotes, such as amphibians, fish and cyclostomes (including lampreys), which diverged much earlier, were historically thought to process olfactory information predominantly or even exclusively in the pallium. Here, we show that there is a separate visual area with retinotopic representation, and that somatosensory information from the head and trunk is represented in an adjacent area in the lamprey pallial cortex (lateral pallium). These cortical sensory areas flank a non-primary-sensory motor area. Both vision and somatosensation are relayed via the thalamus. These findings suggest that the basic sensorimotor representation of the mammalian neocortex, as well as the sensory thalamocortical relay, had already evolved in the last common ancestor of cyclostomes and gnathostomes around 560 million years ago.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1a1554771a131984207449482bdd7887" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052564,"asset_id":87973624,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052564/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973624"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973624"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973624; 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It represents the oldest group of now living vertebrates. The mitral cells send axonal projections directly to the piriform cortex in the ventral pallium, whereas the smaller tufted cells, identified here in the lamprey, project separately and exclusively to a relay nucleus called the dmtn. It is located at the interface between the olfactory bulb and pallium and in turn it projects to a circumscribed area in the anteromedial part of the ventral pallium. The tufted cells are activated with short latency and terminate with mossy fibres on the dmtn cells and elicit large unitary EPSPs. In all synapses along this tufted cell pathway there is no concurrent inhibition, in contrast to the mitral cell pathway. This is very similar to recent findings in rodents establishing two separate exclusive projection patterns, suggesting an evolutionary conserved organisation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973628"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973628"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973628; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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In contrast, we now show that the same basic organization is present even in one of the phylogenetically oldest vertebrates, the lamprey. Stimulation of specific sites in the pallium/cortex evokes eye, trunk, locomotor, or oral movements. The pallial projection neurons target brainstem motor centers and basal ganglia subnuclei and have prominent dendrites extending into the outer molecular layer. They exhibit the characteristic features of pyramidal neurons and elicit monosynaptic glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic potentials in output neurons of the optic tectum, reticulospinal neurons, and, as shown earlier, basal ganglia neurons. Our results demonstrate marked similarities in the efferent functional connectivity and control of motor behavior between the lamprey pallium and mammalian neocortex. Thus, the lamprey mot...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b205c21179b6d44a094a0dd8818f63e1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052552,"asset_id":87973615,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052552/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973615"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973615"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973615; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973616"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973616/The_lamprey_blueprint_of_the_mammalian_nervous_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The lamprey blueprint of the mammalian nervous system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973616/The_lamprey_blueprint_of_the_mammalian_nervous_system">The lamprey blueprint of the mammalian nervous system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Progress in Brain Research</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The basic features of the vertebrate nervous system are conserved throughout vertebrate phylogeny...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The basic features of the vertebrate nervous system are conserved throughout vertebrate phylogeny to a much higher degree than previously thought. In this mini-review, we show that not only the organization of the different motor programs underlying eye, orienting, locomotor, and respiratory movements are similarly organized, but also that the basic structure of the forebrain engaged in the control of movement is conserved. In the lamprey, which diverged already 560 million years ago from the vertebrate line of evolution leading up to primates, the basic components of the basal ganglia are similar to those of mammals in considerable detail. Moreover, the properties of the synaptic input are similar as well as transmitters/peptides in the direct and indirect pathway throughout the basal ganglia. The membrane properties of the striatal projection neurons with D1 and D2 receptors, respectively, are also similar, as are those of the pallidal output neurons. Our evidence suggests that the basal ganglia can be subdivided into functional modules controlling different motor programs, like locomotion and eye movements. What has happened during evolution is that the number of modules has increased in parallel with a progressively more complex behavioral repertoire. For value-based decisions, the circuitry through the lateral habenulae to the dopaminergic modulator neurons is also conserved, as well as the relay inhibitory interneurons involved. The habenular input is from a pallidal glutamatergic nucleus in lamprey as well as mammals, and this nucleus in turn receives input from the striosomal compartment within striatum and also from pallium (cortex in mammals).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973616"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973616"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973616; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96801199]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96801199,"title":"The lamprey basal ganglia - A vertebrate blue-print","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96801199/The_lamprey_basal_ganglia_A_vertebrate_blue_print","owner_id":35430967,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":35430967,"first_name":"Brita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Robertson","page_name":"BritaRobertson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-09-30T06:35:31.490-07:00","display_name":"Brita Robertson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801198"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801198/Olfaction_in_Lamprey_Pallium_Revisited_Dual_Projections_of_Mitral_and_Tufted_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Olfaction in Lamprey Pallium Revisited—Dual Projections of Mitral and Tufted Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598413/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801198/Olfaction_in_Lamprey_Pallium_Revisited_Dual_Projections_of_Mitral_and_Tufted_Cells">Olfaction in Lamprey Pallium Revisited—Dual Projections of Mitral and Tufted Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cell Reports</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Highlights d The lamprey olfactory bulb relays information via two separate efferent channels d N...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Highlights d The lamprey olfactory bulb relays information via two separate efferent channels d Neurons similar to the rodent tufted and mitral cells relay this information d The mitral-like cells target the ventral part of pallium, an olfactory cortex d Similarities between lamprey and mammals argue for conservation of this system</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1db58391bc1bf7bc1bea316454b32e77" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598413,"asset_id":96801198,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598413/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801198"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801198"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801198; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801198]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801198]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801198; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801198']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801197"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801197/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598473/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801197/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium">The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, whereas anamniotes, such as amphibians, fish and cyclostomes (including lampreys), which diverged much earlier, were historically thought to process olfactory information predominantly or even exclusively in the pallium. Here, we show that there is a separate visual area with retinotopic representation, and that somatosensory information from the head and trunk is represented in an adjacent area in the lamprey pallial cortex (lateral pallium). These cortical sensory areas flank a non-primary-sensory motor area. Both vision and somatosensation are relayed via the thalamus. These findings suggest that the basic sensorimotor representation of the mammalian neocortex, as well as the sensory thalamocortical relay, had already evolved in the last common ancestor of cyclostomes and gnathostomes around 560 million years ago.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d4b9a7e0f6902182a1957156d1cb7584" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598473,"asset_id":96801197,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598473/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801197"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801197"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801197; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801196"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801196/Striatal_cellular_properties_conserved_from_lampreys_to_mammals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Striatal cellular properties conserved from lampreys to mammals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598410/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801196/Striatal_cellular_properties_conserved_from_lampreys_to_mammals">Striatal cellular properties conserved from lampreys to mammals</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Physiology</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Non-technical summary The striatum is a structure in the forebrain that plays an important role i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Non-technical summary The striatum is a structure in the forebrain that plays an important role in the control of movements. Diseases that affect this region lead to severe movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. We show here in the lamprey, the oldest vertebrate group to emerge, that the characteristic cellular properties of neurons in striatum in many respects are similar to those of mammals. Our results show how specific ion channels, including particular potassium channels (Kir) that are open at very negative membrane potentials help shape the way these cells respond to and transmit neuronal signals. These specific features are thus conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, and contribute thereby to our understanding of the mode of operation of striatum, at a cellular level, and how movements are controlled.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8a4e059323c9b66b82ca18e3c95302cf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598410,"asset_id":96801196,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598410/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801196"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801196"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801196; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801195"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801195/Interferon_%CE%B3_receptors_are_expressed_at_synapses_in_the_rat_superficial_dorsal_horn_and_lateral_spinal_nucleus"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interferon-γ receptors are expressed at synapses in the rat superficial dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598400/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801195/Interferon_%CE%B3_receptors_are_expressed_at_synapses_in_the_rat_superficial_dorsal_horn_and_lateral_spinal_nucleus">Interferon-γ receptors are expressed at synapses in the rat superficial dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Interferon-c can facilitate the spinal nociceptive flexor reflex and may elicit neuropathic pain-...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Interferon-c can facilitate the spinal nociceptive flexor reflex and may elicit neuropathic pain-related behavior in rats and mice. Immunoreactivity for the interferon-c receptor (IFN-cR) occurs in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn and the lateral spinal nucleus in the rat and mouse spinal cord, as well as in subsets of neurons in the dorsal root ganglia. The aim of the present study was to examine the cellular localization and origin of the IFN-cR in the spinal cord. As viewed by confocal microscopy, the immunopositivity for the IFN-cR was co-localized with that of the presynaptic marker synaptophysin and with neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the lateral spinal nucleus, whereas only a minor overlap with these molecules was observed in laminae I and II of the dorsal horn. There was no co-localization of the IFN-cR with markers for astrocytes and microglial cells. Ultrastructurally, the IFN-cR was found predominantly in axon terminals in the lateral spinal nucleus, but at postsynaptic sites in dendrites in laminae I and II. The IFN-cR expressed in neurons in dorsal root ganglia was transported in axons both centrally and peripherally. Hemisection of the spinal cord caused no reduction in immunolabelling of the IFN-cR in the dorsal horn or the lateral spinal nucleus. Since rhizotomy does not affect the immunolabelling in the lateral spinal nucleus, our observation indicates that the presynaptic receptors in this nucleus are derived from intrinsic neurons. The localization of the IFN-cR in the spinal cord differed from that of the AMPA glutamate receptor subunits 2 and 3 and the substance P receptor (NK1). Our results, showing localization of IFN-cR to pre-and postsynaptic sites in the dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus indicate that IFN-c can modulate nociception at the spinal cord level.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d1536092e49212ded67fd8b76323524d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598400,"asset_id":96801195,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598400/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801195"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801195"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801195; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801194"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801194/Evolutionarily_conserved_differences_in_pallial_and_thalamic_short_term_synaptic_plasticity_in_striatum"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionarily conserved differences in pallial and thalamic short-term synaptic plasticity in striatum" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598403/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801194/Evolutionarily_conserved_differences_in_pallial_and_thalamic_short_term_synaptic_plasticity_in_striatum">Evolutionarily conserved differences in pallial and thalamic short-term synaptic plasticity in striatum</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Physiology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">• Recent studies have shown that the striatum and the basal ganglia are to a remarkable degree co...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">• Recent studies have shown that the striatum and the basal ganglia are to a remarkable degree conserved throughout the vertebrate phylum. • As the basic organization of the neural machinery for action selection is present in the lamprey, it is essential to understand how the striatum is activated. • In this study we characterize the pharmacology and synaptic dynamics from the lateral pallium (LPal; cortex) and thalamus (Th), the main excitatory input to the striatum. • We show that, as in mammals, the LPal and Th provide glutamatergic excitation to the striatum, but with completely opposite short-term synaptic plasticity due to differences in presynaptic properties. • These synaptic differences are also characteristic of the mammalian striatum, suggesting that these are fundamental components of the vertebrate mechanisms for action selection.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b64e9efd99c05b61978a48a2f67580b1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598403,"asset_id":96801194,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598403/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801194"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801194"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801194; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801193"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801193/Transganglionic_transport_of_horseradish_peroxidase_in_primary_sensory_neurons"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase in primary sensory neurons" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598401/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801193/Transganglionic_transport_of_horseradish_peroxidase_in_primary_sensory_neurons">Transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase in primary sensory neurons</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Neuroscience Letters</span><span>, 1979</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The cut end of the sciatic nerve of adult rats was exposed to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The cut end of the sciatic nerve of adult rats was exposed to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The rats were allowed to survive for 12 h-5 days. 12-18 h postoperatively small dorsal root ganglion cells were more heavily labeled than large ones. After 48-72 h more large cells were intensely labeled. From 18 h onwards large amounts of HRP labeling was observed ipsilaterally in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn, from 48 h also in deeper laminae and in the gracile nucleus. The heavy labeling clearly indicates the potential of the present approach for mapping purposes. The findings also indicate that short postoperative survivals can be used for rather selective marking of small cells and fibers.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="87f1fff1a49b82708622912ec7194239" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598401,"asset_id":96801193,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598401/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801193"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801193"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801193; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801192"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801192/Anterograde_horseradish_peroxidase_tracing_and_immunohistochemistry_of_trigeminal_ganglion_tooth_pulp_neurons_after_dental_nerve_lesions_in_the_rat"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Anterograde horseradish peroxidase tracing and immunohistochemistry of trigeminal ganglion tooth pulp neurons after dental nerve lesions in the rat" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598409/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801192/Anterograde_horseradish_peroxidase_tracing_and_immunohistochemistry_of_trigeminal_ganglion_tooth_pulp_neurons_after_dental_nerve_lesions_in_the_rat">Anterograde horseradish peroxidase tracing and immunohistochemistry of trigeminal ganglion tooth pulp neurons after dental nerve lesions in the rat</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Neuroscience</span><span>, 1991</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The peripheral reorganization of pulpal nerves after tooth injury was studied, in the rat, with a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The peripheral reorganization of pulpal nerves after tooth injury was studied, in the rat, with anterograde horseradish peroxldase tracing techniques, and combined retrograde Fluorogold tracing and lmmunohlstochemlstry was employed to examine the effects of inferior alveolar nerve lesions or tooth injury on some cytochemlcal characteristics of pulpal trlgemlnal ganglion nerve cells, namely content of substance P, calcltonin gene-related peptlde and the ganghoside GM1 (binding subunlt of cholera toxin),</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a8e940beab8ccdf69792a9e5c9417f38" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598409,"asset_id":96801192,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598409/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801192"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801192"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801192; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801192]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801192]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801192; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801192']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801191"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801191/Afferents_of_the_lamprey_optic_tectum_with_special_reference_to_the_GABA_input_Combined_tracing_and_immunohistochemical_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Afferents of the lamprey optic tectum with special reference to the GABA input: Combined tracing and immunohistochemical study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801191/Afferents_of_the_lamprey_optic_tectum_with_special_reference_to_the_GABA_input_Combined_tracing_and_immunohistochemical_study">Afferents of the lamprey optic tectum with special reference to the GABA input: Combined tracing and immunohistochemical study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Comparative Neurology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The optic tectum in the lamprey midbrain, homologue of the superior colliculus in mammals, is imp...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The optic tectum in the lamprey midbrain, homologue of the superior colliculus in mammals, is important for eye movement control and orienting responses. There is, however, only limited information regarding the afferent input to the optic tectum except for that from the eyes. The objective of this study was to define specifically the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic projections to the optic tectum in the river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) and also to describe the tectal afferent input in general. The origin of afferents to the optic tectum was studied by using the neuronal tracer neurobiotin. Injection of neurobiotin into the optic tectum resulted in retrograde labelling of cell groups in all major subdivisions of the brain. The main areas shown to project to the optic tectum were the following: the caudoventral part of the medial pallium, the area of the ventral thalamus and dorsal thalamus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure, the torus semicircularis, the mesencephalic M5 nucleus of Schober, the mesencephalic reticular area, the ishtmic area, and the octavolateral nuclei. GABAergic projections to the optic tectum were identified by combining neurobiotin tracing and GABA immunohistochemistry. On the basis of these double-labelling experiments, it was shown that the optic tectum receives a GABAergic input from the caudoventral part of the medial pallium, the dorsal and ventral thalamus, the nucleus of M5, and the torus semicircularis. The afferent input to the optic tectum in the lamprey brain is similar to that described for other vertebrate species, which is of particular interest considering its position in phylogeny.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801191"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801191"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801191; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801191]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801191]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801191; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801191']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96801191]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96801191,"title":"Afferents of the lamprey optic tectum with special reference to the GABA input: Combined tracing and immunohistochemical study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96801191/Afferents_of_the_lamprey_optic_tectum_with_special_reference_to_the_GABA_input_Combined_tracing_and_immunohistochemical_study","owner_id":35430967,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":35430967,"first_name":"Brita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Robertson","page_name":"BritaRobertson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-09-30T06:35:31.490-07:00","display_name":"Brita Robertson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801190"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801190/Demonstration_of_spinocerebellar_projections_in_cat_using_anterograde_transport_of_WGA_HRP_with_some_observations_on_spinomesencephalic_and_spinothalamic_projections"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Demonstration of spinocerebellar projections in cat using anterograde transport of WGA-HRP, with some observations on spinomesencephalic and spinothalamic projections" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598399/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801190/Demonstration_of_spinocerebellar_projections_in_cat_using_anterograde_transport_of_WGA_HRP_with_some_observations_on_spinomesencephalic_and_spinothalamic_projections">Demonstration of spinocerebellar projections in cat using anterograde transport of WGA-HRP, with some observations on spinomesencephalic and spinothalamic projections</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Experimental Brain Research</span><span>, 1983</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">posterior complex and the submedius nucleus contained labeling of variable density. The present f...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">posterior complex and the submedius nucleus contained labeling of variable density. The present findings show that the WGA-HRP conjugate can be used as a tracer for the study of long fiber tracts within the central nervous system.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="81903a7dcb4d7358d9f91ff2ff9864ad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598399,"asset_id":96801190,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598399/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801190"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801190"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801190; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801190]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801190]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801190; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801190']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801189"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801189/Evolutionary_Conservation_of_the_Basal_Ganglia_as_a_Common_Vertebrate_Mechanism_for_Action_Selection"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionary Conservation of the Basal Ganglia as a Common Vertebrate Mechanism for Action Selection" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598408/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801189/Evolutionary_Conservation_of_the_Basal_Ganglia_as_a_Common_Vertebrate_Mechanism_for_Action_Selection">Evolutionary Conservation of the Basal Ganglia as a Common Vertebrate Mechanism for Action Selection</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Current Biology</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Although the basal ganglia are thought to play a key role in action selection in mamm...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Although the basal ganglia are thought to play a key role in action selection in mammals, it is unknown whether this mammalian circuitry is present in lower vertebrates as a conserved selection mechanism. We aim here, using lamprey, to elucidate the basal ganglia circuitry in the phylogenetically oldest group of vertebrates (cyclostomes) and determine how this selection architecture evolved to accommodate the increased behavioral repertoires of advanced vertebrates. Results: We show, using immunohistochemistry, tract tracing, and whole-cell recordings, that all parts of the mammalian basal ganglia (striatum, globus pallidus interna [GPi] and externa [GPe], and subthalamic nucleus [STN]) are present in the lamprey forebrain. In addition, the circuit features, molecular markers, and physiological activity patterns are conserved. Thus, GABAergic striatal neurons expressing substance P project directly to the pallidal output layer, whereas enkephalin-expressing striatal neurons project indirectly via nuclei homologous to the GPe and STN. Moreover, pallidal output neurons tonically inhibit tectum, mesencephalic, and diencephalic motor regions. Conclusions: These results show that the detailed basal ganglia circuitry is present in the phylogenetically oldest vertebrates and has been conserved, most likely as a mechanism for action selection used by all vertebrates, for over 560 million years. Our data also suggest that the mammalian basal ganglia evolved through a process of exaptation, where the ancestral core unit has been co-opted for multiple functions, allowing them to process cognitive, emotional, and motor information in parallel and control a broader range of behaviors.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6256e62f78f361320eec7c5bc26f631e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598408,"asset_id":96801189,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598408/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801189"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801189"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801189; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801189]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801189]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801189; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801189']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="3647545" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973619"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973619/Evolutionarily_conserved_organization_of_the_dopaminergic_system_in_lamprey_SNc_VTA_afferent_and_efferent_connectivity_and_D2_receptor_expression"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionarily conserved organization of the dopaminergic system in lamprey: SNc/VTA afferent and efferent connectivity and D2 receptor expression" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052556/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973619/Evolutionarily_conserved_organization_of_the_dopaminergic_system_in_lamprey_SNc_VTA_afferent_and_efferent_connectivity_and_D2_receptor_expression">Evolutionarily conserved organization of the dopaminergic system in lamprey: SNc/VTA afferent and efferent connectivity and D2 receptor expression</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of comparative neurology</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The dopaminergic system influences motor behavior, signals reward and novelty, and is an essentia...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The dopaminergic system influences motor behavior, signals reward and novelty, and is an essential component of the basal ganglia in all vertebrates including the lamprey, one of the phylogenetically oldest vertebrates. The intrinsic organization and function of the lamprey basal ganglia is highly conserved. For instance, the direct and indirect pathways are modulated through dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in lamprey and in mammals. The nucleus of the tuberculum posterior, a homologue of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc)/ventral tegmental area (VTA) is present in lamprey, but only scarce data exist about its connectivity. Likewise, the D2 receptor is expressed in the striatum, but little is known about its localization in other brain areas. We used in situ hybridization and tracer injections, both in combination with tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry, to characterize the SNc/VTA efferent and afferent connectivity, and to relate its projection pattern with D2 receptor ex...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3a225a1596ba106f5787233289ec997d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052556,"asset_id":87973619,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052556/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973619"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973619"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973619; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973619]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973619]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973619; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87973619']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3a225a1596ba106f5787233289ec997d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87973619]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87973619,"title":"Evolutionarily conserved organization of the dopaminergic system in lamprey: SNc/VTA afferent and efferent connectivity and D2 receptor expression","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87973619/Evolutionarily_conserved_organization_of_the_dopaminergic_system_in_lamprey_SNc_VTA_afferent_and_efferent_connectivity_and_D2_receptor_expression","owner_id":161454231,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":161454231,"first_name":"Shreyas","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"M Suryanarayana","page_name":"ShreyasMSuryanarayana","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-06-17T21:58:23.258-07:00","display_name":"Shreyas M Suryanarayana","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana"},"attachments":[{"id":92052556,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052556/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Thesis_Shreyas_M_Suryanarayana.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052556/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Evolutionarily_conserved_organization_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92052556/Thesis_Shreyas_M_Suryanarayana-libre.pdf?1665033455=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvolutionarily_conserved_organization_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844023\u0026Signature=REMGJ6gyqu4Vq9KvjaT1OIWBycP~7n25eSfevCZU3LZmfp7NktBh8dDXtBREDvJdx9btl2PaYJLhzO1q4IIwwIJYKtnEX1A1-KcFXIaeJEcpb4cdur5mGTkxsNQJMtClEB9GZ7yB5BFVE-tYeQ4dpA9YlcadVcNGHX6mFuQtkdy~A4qAPLNjlUnMP1aVgSv2jXKB4yROd3Roklgo0QniUI4eG5w3bwUDvXvd5U-o5QevL1xWdZs8iZ-Qhe01Yn1HWtXBBBRoLeHjDJ44aPzyLelr9A-AGyfBAGB0m95H-XF0M0wdHNSfm1rXn3ZiahZHSamFWCkgui2HkQR6-FXTjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="62414144"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/62414144/The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Implications"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Lamprey Forebrain – Evolutionary Implications" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75188145/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/62414144/The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Implications">The Lamprey Forebrain – Evolutionary Implications</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Brain, Behavior and Evolution</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The forebrain plays a critical role in a broad range of neural processes encompassing sensory int...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The forebrain plays a critical role in a broad range of neural processes encompassing sensory integration and initiation/selection of behaviour. The forebrain functions through an interaction between different cortical areas, the thalamus, the basal ganglia with the dopamine system, and the habenulae. The ambition here is to compare the mammalian forebrain with that of the lamprey representing the oldest now living group of vertebrates, by a review of earlier studies. We show that the lamprey dorsal pallium has a motor, a somatosensory, and a visual area with retinotopic representation. The lamprey pallium was previously thought to be largely olfactory. There is also a detailed similarity between the lamprey and mammals with regard to other forebrain structures like the basal ganglia in which the general organisation, connectivity, transmitters and their receptors, neuropeptides, and expression of ion channels are virtually identical. These initially unexpected results allow for the...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e60d4f5aa7c7ea67a6ffb37da4b233da" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":75188145,"asset_id":62414144,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75188145/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="62414144"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62414144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62414144; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e60d4f5aa7c7ea67a6ffb37da4b233da" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=62414144]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":62414144,"title":"The Lamprey Forebrain – Evolutionary Implications","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/62414144/The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Implications","owner_id":161454231,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":161454231,"first_name":"Shreyas","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"M Suryanarayana","page_name":"ShreyasMSuryanarayana","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-06-17T21:58:23.258-07:00","display_name":"Shreyas M Suryanarayana","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana"},"attachments":[{"id":75188145,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75188145/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"517492.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75188145/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/75188145/517492-libre.pdf?1637904671=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844023\u0026Signature=ID6j3wjN9SfjlcA6Xr7OIqrW3NuCkdsyOmw6DfdgfUaVc2miuf1iWzO48TzhbvR-ZiwiBQ4K6jhMbzKAbOBFNj8nOuMmHm~qCMh4W6vxb21yJ~oF4Jz~plNGksyOfc99RjGGjCtrFQR0Mz~0xRHtUc5zXZLlgDGWdf-z779MDEEY3hOKrW6U3Wxt2E0urNkySjS7GdiLXIaO~GlNgtl6PZGVxkusngqFQ7jVv5K9D25iHv7cMPfzcU95-tg9rzmlGwd2jtPpMxIJqbhNFpGSqm~Toy4LOfL4NgE4LSgg42V-kEGrHGvh5Zp84RJK1M3osYTsCrGeW-YogYp5oVH-sg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":75188146,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75188146/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"517492.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75188146/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/75188146/517492-libre.pdf?1637904672=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Lamprey_Forebrain_Evolutionary_Impli.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844023\u0026Signature=JhkrD~K4vJFqsLoM0eDUBhIZkbk~lQl2scJz-6-~0jlo5cngMu6zTGaFyok~CGydziXwiiw4dE8TxM4CgpKvU3EfLSRKEKC-e5UCSr-KTZR8fGvliSW4pZu6FSQbJzEqdOApn2lrm40EqCc83cdOJ-Cgy5n5cZ1cyne~DFkivHXm-nhcda4CjhHE-Bge3wy-o1FXLOAlnIqaL6YQ~GHsYqc3si1~CV-IKc9DJVwPTuOT2EK6nxGXQcGKNqDLVxL6Y8MhcZDu0oJMRC73QRrunTt4byrGAz0l0x3n1gzAsyyHG~05KQziN5uEH0llNDm~Ln66FT3DXrj9btWNxfDd4A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973620"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973620/Griseum_centrale_a_homologue_of_the_periaqueductal_gray_in_the_lamprey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Griseum centrale, a homologue of the periaqueductal gray in the lamprey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052574/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973620/Griseum_centrale_a_homologue_of_the_periaqueductal_gray_in_the_lamprey">Griseum centrale, a homologue of the periaqueductal gray in the lamprey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IBRO Reports</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fear, a response to threatening stimuli and important for survival, is a behavior found throughou...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fear, a response to threatening stimuli and important for survival, is a behavior found throughout the animal kingdom. One critical structure involved in the expression of fear-related behavior is the periaqueductal gray (PAG) in mammals, and in the zebrafish, the griseum centrale. Here, we show in the lamprey, belonging to the oldest now living group of vertebrates, that a bilateral periventricular nucleus in the ventral mesencephalon has a similar location to that of the PAG and griseum centrale. It targets the pretectum and the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), expresses the dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and receives input from the pallium (cortex in mammals), hypothalamus, the raphe area and SNc. These are all hallmarks of the mammalian PAG. In addition, like in the zebrafish, there is an input from the interpeduncular nucleus. Our results thus suggest that a structure homologous to the PAG/griseum centrale was present very early in vertebrate evolution.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e5525fce8c565ad4890643d8f6531e24" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052574,"asset_id":87973620,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052574/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973620"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973620"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973620; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973620]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973620]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973620; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87973620']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973631"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973631/The_neural_bases_of_vertebrate_motor_behaviour_through_the_lens_of_evolution"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The neural bases of vertebrate motor behaviour through the lens of evolution" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052539/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973631/The_neural_bases_of_vertebrate_motor_behaviour_through_the_lens_of_evolution">The neural bases of vertebrate motor behaviour through the lens of evolution</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The primary driver of the evolution of the vertebrate nervous system has been the necessity to mo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The primary driver of the evolution of the vertebrate nervous system has been the necessity to move, along with the requirement of controlling the plethora of motor behavioural repertoires seen among the vast and diverse vertebrate species. Understanding the neural basis of motor control through the perspective of evolution, mandates thorough examinations of the nervous systems of species in critical phylogenetic positions. We present here, a broad review of studies on the neural motor infrastructure of the lamprey, a basal and ancient vertebrate, which enjoys a unique phylogenetic position as being an extant representative of the earliest group of vertebrates. From the central pattern generators in the spinal cord to the microcircuits of the pallial cortex, work on the lamprey brain over the years, has provided detailed insights into the basic organization (a bauplan ) of the ancestral vertebrate brain, and narrates a compelling account of common ancestry of fundamental aspects of ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="40b33c38ab16810dac1e5994334ac02c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052539,"asset_id":87973631,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052539/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973631"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973631"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973631; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973631]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87973631]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973631; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87973631']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973624"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973624/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92052564/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973624/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium">The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, whereas anamniotes, such as amphibians, fish and cyclostomes (including lampreys), which diverged much earlier, were historically thought to process olfactory information predominantly or even exclusively in the pallium. Here, we show that there is a separate visual area with retinotopic representation, and that somatosensory information from the head and trunk is represented in an adjacent area in the lamprey pallial cortex (lateral pallium). These cortical sensory areas flank a non-primary-sensory motor area. Both vision and somatosensation are relayed via the thalamus. These findings suggest that the basic sensorimotor representation of the mammalian neocortex, as well as the sensory thalamocortical relay, had already evolved in the last common ancestor of cyclostomes and gnathostomes around 560 million years ago.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1a1554771a131984207449482bdd7887" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052564,"asset_id":87973624,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052564/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973624"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973624"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973624; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87973639]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87973639,"title":"Lamprey Thalamus and Beyond","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87973639/Lamprey_Thalamus_and_Beyond","owner_id":161454231,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":161454231,"first_name":"Shreyas","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"M Suryanarayana","page_name":"ShreyasMSuryanarayana","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-06-17T21:58:23.258-07:00","display_name":"Shreyas M Suryanarayana","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973628"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973628/Olfaction_in_Lamprey_Pallium_Revisited_Roles_of_Mitral_and_Tufted_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Olfaction in Lamprey Pallium Revisited – Roles of Mitral and Tufted Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973628/Olfaction_in_Lamprey_Pallium_Revisited_Roles_of_Mitral_and_Tufted_Cells">Olfaction in Lamprey Pallium Revisited – Roles of Mitral and Tufted Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The presence of two separate afferent channels from the olfactory glomeruli to different targets ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The presence of two separate afferent channels from the olfactory glomeruli to different targets in the brain is unravelled in the lamprey. It represents the oldest group of now living vertebrates. The mitral cells send axonal projections directly to the piriform cortex in the ventral pallium, whereas the smaller tufted cells, identified here in the lamprey, project separately and exclusively to a relay nucleus called the dmtn. It is located at the interface between the olfactory bulb and pallium and in turn it projects to a circumscribed area in the anteromedial part of the ventral pallium. The tufted cells are activated with short latency and terminate with mossy fibres on the dmtn cells and elicit large unitary EPSPs. In all synapses along this tufted cell pathway there is no concurrent inhibition, in contrast to the mitral cell pathway. This is very similar to recent findings in rodents establishing two separate exclusive projection patterns, suggesting an evolutionary conserved organisation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973628"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973628"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973628; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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In contrast, we now show that the same basic organization is present even in one of the phylogenetically oldest vertebrates, the lamprey. Stimulation of specific sites in the pallium/cortex evokes eye, trunk, locomotor, or oral movements. The pallial projection neurons target brainstem motor centers and basal ganglia subnuclei and have prominent dendrites extending into the outer molecular layer. They exhibit the characteristic features of pyramidal neurons and elicit monosynaptic glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic potentials in output neurons of the optic tectum, reticulospinal neurons, and, as shown earlier, basal ganglia neurons. Our results demonstrate marked similarities in the efferent functional connectivity and control of motor behavior between the lamprey pallium and mammalian neocortex. Thus, the lamprey mot...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b205c21179b6d44a094a0dd8818f63e1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92052552,"asset_id":87973615,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92052552/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973615"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973615"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973615; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87973616"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973616/The_lamprey_blueprint_of_the_mammalian_nervous_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The lamprey blueprint of the mammalian nervous system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87973616/The_lamprey_blueprint_of_the_mammalian_nervous_system">The lamprey blueprint of the mammalian nervous system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShreyasMSuryanarayana">Shreyas M Suryanarayana</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson">Brita Robertson</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Progress in Brain Research</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The basic features of the vertebrate nervous system are conserved throughout vertebrate phylogeny...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The basic features of the vertebrate nervous system are conserved throughout vertebrate phylogeny to a much higher degree than previously thought. In this mini-review, we show that not only the organization of the different motor programs underlying eye, orienting, locomotor, and respiratory movements are similarly organized, but also that the basic structure of the forebrain engaged in the control of movement is conserved. In the lamprey, which diverged already 560 million years ago from the vertebrate line of evolution leading up to primates, the basic components of the basal ganglia are similar to those of mammals in considerable detail. Moreover, the properties of the synaptic input are similar as well as transmitters/peptides in the direct and indirect pathway throughout the basal ganglia. The membrane properties of the striatal projection neurons with D1 and D2 receptors, respectively, are also similar, as are those of the pallidal output neurons. Our evidence suggests that the basal ganglia can be subdivided into functional modules controlling different motor programs, like locomotion and eye movements. What has happened during evolution is that the number of modules has increased in parallel with a progressively more complex behavioral repertoire. For value-based decisions, the circuitry through the lateral habenulae to the dopaminergic modulator neurons is also conserved, as well as the relay inhibitory interneurons involved. The habenular input is from a pallidal glutamatergic nucleus in lamprey as well as mammals, and this nucleus in turn receives input from the striosomal compartment within striatum and also from pallium (cortex in mammals).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87973616"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87973616"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87973616; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96801199]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96801199,"title":"The lamprey basal ganglia - A vertebrate blue-print","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96801199/The_lamprey_basal_ganglia_A_vertebrate_blue_print","owner_id":35430967,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":35430967,"first_name":"Brita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Robertson","page_name":"BritaRobertson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-09-30T06:35:31.490-07:00","display_name":"Brita Robertson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801198"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801198/Olfaction_in_Lamprey_Pallium_Revisited_Dual_Projections_of_Mitral_and_Tufted_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Olfaction in Lamprey Pallium Revisited—Dual Projections of Mitral and Tufted Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598413/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801198/Olfaction_in_Lamprey_Pallium_Revisited_Dual_Projections_of_Mitral_and_Tufted_Cells">Olfaction in Lamprey Pallium Revisited—Dual Projections of Mitral and Tufted Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cell Reports</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Highlights d The lamprey olfactory bulb relays information via two separate efferent channels d N...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Highlights d The lamprey olfactory bulb relays information via two separate efferent channels d Neurons similar to the rodent tufted and mitral cells relay this information d The mitral-like cells target the ventral part of pallium, an olfactory cortex d Similarities between lamprey and mammals argue for conservation of this system</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1db58391bc1bf7bc1bea316454b32e77" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598413,"asset_id":96801198,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598413/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801198"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801198"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801198; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801197"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801197/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598473/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801197/The_evolutionary_origin_of_visual_and_somatosensory_representation_in_the_vertebrate_pallium">The evolutionary origin of visual and somatosensory representation in the vertebrate pallium</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Amniotes, such as mammals and reptiles, have vision and other senses represented in the pallium, whereas anamniotes, such as amphibians, fish and cyclostomes (including lampreys), which diverged much earlier, were historically thought to process olfactory information predominantly or even exclusively in the pallium. Here, we show that there is a separate visual area with retinotopic representation, and that somatosensory information from the head and trunk is represented in an adjacent area in the lamprey pallial cortex (lateral pallium). These cortical sensory areas flank a non-primary-sensory motor area. Both vision and somatosensation are relayed via the thalamus. These findings suggest that the basic sensorimotor representation of the mammalian neocortex, as well as the sensory thalamocortical relay, had already evolved in the last common ancestor of cyclostomes and gnathostomes around 560 million years ago.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d4b9a7e0f6902182a1957156d1cb7584" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598473,"asset_id":96801197,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598473/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801197"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801197"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801197; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801197]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801197]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801197; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801197']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801196"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801196/Striatal_cellular_properties_conserved_from_lampreys_to_mammals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Striatal cellular properties conserved from lampreys to mammals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598410/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801196/Striatal_cellular_properties_conserved_from_lampreys_to_mammals">Striatal cellular properties conserved from lampreys to mammals</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Physiology</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Non-technical summary The striatum is a structure in the forebrain that plays an important role i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Non-technical summary The striatum is a structure in the forebrain that plays an important role in the control of movements. Diseases that affect this region lead to severe movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. We show here in the lamprey, the oldest vertebrate group to emerge, that the characteristic cellular properties of neurons in striatum in many respects are similar to those of mammals. Our results show how specific ion channels, including particular potassium channels (Kir) that are open at very negative membrane potentials help shape the way these cells respond to and transmit neuronal signals. These specific features are thus conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, and contribute thereby to our understanding of the mode of operation of striatum, at a cellular level, and how movements are controlled.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8a4e059323c9b66b82ca18e3c95302cf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598410,"asset_id":96801196,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598410/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801196"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801196"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801196; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801196]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801196]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801196; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801196']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8a4e059323c9b66b82ca18e3c95302cf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96801196]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96801196,"title":"Striatal cellular properties conserved from lampreys to mammals","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96801196/Striatal_cellular_properties_conserved_from_lampreys_to_mammals","owner_id":35430967,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":35430967,"first_name":"Brita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Robertson","page_name":"BritaRobertson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-09-30T06:35:31.490-07:00","display_name":"Brita Robertson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson"},"attachments":[{"id":98598410,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598410/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598410/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Striatal_cellular_properties_conserved_f.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98598410/pdf-libre.pdf?1676272079=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DStriatal_cellular_properties_conserved_f.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844024\u0026Signature=VF99YY9kpOiJXz9UMYZ-4zR~vGMlfRCgdlAknHSLbGHmJqwrUBkhgkoAuAaGXnO5IfAThvrtwiYw0jwCBrz0BoWEtYEtX6DriO2DCTgBJ7WgLbT10qospGE6Gpw~X8qRyMTQWsucZjPUOtVEbW14ofBxZ083Spp6NHFnvrk869OilADel60PKHldIgk4MMVyCUQMmhJsgUH-4q5U19CWo7883HR2a92nfPFEVrcKLdZwiNW83H6HEEEBwHQZwfCzMeOdsM7XrpkO6cJUkdHtMGncBk8ESfneakOBhiFqKT~4MQAJFcdbMy545gwuONSRbTAAwzzNHNmxBa72D8jsIA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801195"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801195/Interferon_%CE%B3_receptors_are_expressed_at_synapses_in_the_rat_superficial_dorsal_horn_and_lateral_spinal_nucleus"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interferon-γ receptors are expressed at synapses in the rat superficial dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598400/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801195/Interferon_%CE%B3_receptors_are_expressed_at_synapses_in_the_rat_superficial_dorsal_horn_and_lateral_spinal_nucleus">Interferon-γ receptors are expressed at synapses in the rat superficial dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Interferon-c can facilitate the spinal nociceptive flexor reflex and may elicit neuropathic pain-...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Interferon-c can facilitate the spinal nociceptive flexor reflex and may elicit neuropathic pain-related behavior in rats and mice. Immunoreactivity for the interferon-c receptor (IFN-cR) occurs in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn and the lateral spinal nucleus in the rat and mouse spinal cord, as well as in subsets of neurons in the dorsal root ganglia. The aim of the present study was to examine the cellular localization and origin of the IFN-cR in the spinal cord. As viewed by confocal microscopy, the immunopositivity for the IFN-cR was co-localized with that of the presynaptic marker synaptophysin and with neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the lateral spinal nucleus, whereas only a minor overlap with these molecules was observed in laminae I and II of the dorsal horn. There was no co-localization of the IFN-cR with markers for astrocytes and microglial cells. Ultrastructurally, the IFN-cR was found predominantly in axon terminals in the lateral spinal nucleus, but at postsynaptic sites in dendrites in laminae I and II. The IFN-cR expressed in neurons in dorsal root ganglia was transported in axons both centrally and peripherally. Hemisection of the spinal cord caused no reduction in immunolabelling of the IFN-cR in the dorsal horn or the lateral spinal nucleus. Since rhizotomy does not affect the immunolabelling in the lateral spinal nucleus, our observation indicates that the presynaptic receptors in this nucleus are derived from intrinsic neurons. The localization of the IFN-cR in the spinal cord differed from that of the AMPA glutamate receptor subunits 2 and 3 and the substance P receptor (NK1). Our results, showing localization of IFN-cR to pre-and postsynaptic sites in the dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus indicate that IFN-c can modulate nociception at the spinal cord level.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d1536092e49212ded67fd8b76323524d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598400,"asset_id":96801195,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598400/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801195"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801195"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801195; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801194"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801194/Evolutionarily_conserved_differences_in_pallial_and_thalamic_short_term_synaptic_plasticity_in_striatum"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionarily conserved differences in pallial and thalamic short-term synaptic plasticity in striatum" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598403/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801194/Evolutionarily_conserved_differences_in_pallial_and_thalamic_short_term_synaptic_plasticity_in_striatum">Evolutionarily conserved differences in pallial and thalamic short-term synaptic plasticity in striatum</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Physiology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">• Recent studies have shown that the striatum and the basal ganglia are to a remarkable degree co...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">• Recent studies have shown that the striatum and the basal ganglia are to a remarkable degree conserved throughout the vertebrate phylum. • As the basic organization of the neural machinery for action selection is present in the lamprey, it is essential to understand how the striatum is activated. • In this study we characterize the pharmacology and synaptic dynamics from the lateral pallium (LPal; cortex) and thalamus (Th), the main excitatory input to the striatum. • We show that, as in mammals, the LPal and Th provide glutamatergic excitation to the striatum, but with completely opposite short-term synaptic plasticity due to differences in presynaptic properties. • These synaptic differences are also characteristic of the mammalian striatum, suggesting that these are fundamental components of the vertebrate mechanisms for action selection.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b64e9efd99c05b61978a48a2f67580b1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598403,"asset_id":96801194,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598403/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801194"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801194"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801194; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801193"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801193/Transganglionic_transport_of_horseradish_peroxidase_in_primary_sensory_neurons"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase in primary sensory neurons" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598401/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801193/Transganglionic_transport_of_horseradish_peroxidase_in_primary_sensory_neurons">Transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase in primary sensory neurons</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Neuroscience Letters</span><span>, 1979</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The cut end of the sciatic nerve of adult rats was exposed to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The cut end of the sciatic nerve of adult rats was exposed to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The rats were allowed to survive for 12 h-5 days. 12-18 h postoperatively small dorsal root ganglion cells were more heavily labeled than large ones. After 48-72 h more large cells were intensely labeled. From 18 h onwards large amounts of HRP labeling was observed ipsilaterally in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn, from 48 h also in deeper laminae and in the gracile nucleus. The heavy labeling clearly indicates the potential of the present approach for mapping purposes. The findings also indicate that short postoperative survivals can be used for rather selective marking of small cells and fibers.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="87f1fff1a49b82708622912ec7194239" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598401,"asset_id":96801193,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598401/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801193"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801193"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801193; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801192"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801192/Anterograde_horseradish_peroxidase_tracing_and_immunohistochemistry_of_trigeminal_ganglion_tooth_pulp_neurons_after_dental_nerve_lesions_in_the_rat"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Anterograde horseradish peroxidase tracing and immunohistochemistry of trigeminal ganglion tooth pulp neurons after dental nerve lesions in the rat" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598409/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801192/Anterograde_horseradish_peroxidase_tracing_and_immunohistochemistry_of_trigeminal_ganglion_tooth_pulp_neurons_after_dental_nerve_lesions_in_the_rat">Anterograde horseradish peroxidase tracing and immunohistochemistry of trigeminal ganglion tooth pulp neurons after dental nerve lesions in the rat</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Neuroscience</span><span>, 1991</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The peripheral reorganization of pulpal nerves after tooth injury was studied, in the rat, with a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The peripheral reorganization of pulpal nerves after tooth injury was studied, in the rat, with anterograde horseradish peroxldase tracing techniques, and combined retrograde Fluorogold tracing and lmmunohlstochemlstry was employed to examine the effects of inferior alveolar nerve lesions or tooth injury on some cytochemlcal characteristics of pulpal trlgemlnal ganglion nerve cells, namely content of substance P, calcltonin gene-related peptlde and the ganghoside GM1 (binding subunlt of cholera toxin),</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a8e940beab8ccdf69792a9e5c9417f38" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598409,"asset_id":96801192,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598409/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801192"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801192"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801192; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801192]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801192]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801192; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801192']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801191"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801191/Afferents_of_the_lamprey_optic_tectum_with_special_reference_to_the_GABA_input_Combined_tracing_and_immunohistochemical_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Afferents of the lamprey optic tectum with special reference to the GABA input: Combined tracing and immunohistochemical study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801191/Afferents_of_the_lamprey_optic_tectum_with_special_reference_to_the_GABA_input_Combined_tracing_and_immunohistochemical_study">Afferents of the lamprey optic tectum with special reference to the GABA input: Combined tracing and immunohistochemical study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Comparative Neurology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The optic tectum in the lamprey midbrain, homologue of the superior colliculus in mammals, is imp...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The optic tectum in the lamprey midbrain, homologue of the superior colliculus in mammals, is important for eye movement control and orienting responses. There is, however, only limited information regarding the afferent input to the optic tectum except for that from the eyes. The objective of this study was to define specifically the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic projections to the optic tectum in the river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) and also to describe the tectal afferent input in general. The origin of afferents to the optic tectum was studied by using the neuronal tracer neurobiotin. Injection of neurobiotin into the optic tectum resulted in retrograde labelling of cell groups in all major subdivisions of the brain. The main areas shown to project to the optic tectum were the following: the caudoventral part of the medial pallium, the area of the ventral thalamus and dorsal thalamus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure, the torus semicircularis, the mesencephalic M5 nucleus of Schober, the mesencephalic reticular area, the ishtmic area, and the octavolateral nuclei. GABAergic projections to the optic tectum were identified by combining neurobiotin tracing and GABA immunohistochemistry. On the basis of these double-labelling experiments, it was shown that the optic tectum receives a GABAergic input from the caudoventral part of the medial pallium, the dorsal and ventral thalamus, the nucleus of M5, and the torus semicircularis. The afferent input to the optic tectum in the lamprey brain is similar to that described for other vertebrate species, which is of particular interest considering its position in phylogeny.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801191"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801191"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801191; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801191]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96801191]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801191; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96801191']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96801191]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96801191,"title":"Afferents of the lamprey optic tectum with special reference to the GABA input: Combined tracing and immunohistochemical study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96801191/Afferents_of_the_lamprey_optic_tectum_with_special_reference_to_the_GABA_input_Combined_tracing_and_immunohistochemical_study","owner_id":35430967,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":35430967,"first_name":"Brita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Robertson","page_name":"BritaRobertson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-09-30T06:35:31.490-07:00","display_name":"Brita Robertson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801190"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801190/Demonstration_of_spinocerebellar_projections_in_cat_using_anterograde_transport_of_WGA_HRP_with_some_observations_on_spinomesencephalic_and_spinothalamic_projections"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Demonstration of spinocerebellar projections in cat using anterograde transport of WGA-HRP, with some observations on spinomesencephalic and spinothalamic projections" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598399/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801190/Demonstration_of_spinocerebellar_projections_in_cat_using_anterograde_transport_of_WGA_HRP_with_some_observations_on_spinomesencephalic_and_spinothalamic_projections">Demonstration of spinocerebellar projections in cat using anterograde transport of WGA-HRP, with some observations on spinomesencephalic and spinothalamic projections</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Experimental Brain Research</span><span>, 1983</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">posterior complex and the submedius nucleus contained labeling of variable density. The present f...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">posterior complex and the submedius nucleus contained labeling of variable density. The present findings show that the WGA-HRP conjugate can be used as a tracer for the study of long fiber tracts within the central nervous system.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="81903a7dcb4d7358d9f91ff2ff9864ad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598399,"asset_id":96801190,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598399/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801190"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801190"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801190; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "81903a7dcb4d7358d9f91ff2ff9864ad" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96801190]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96801190,"title":"Demonstration of spinocerebellar projections in cat using anterograde transport of WGA-HRP, with some observations on spinomesencephalic and spinothalamic projections","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96801190/Demonstration_of_spinocerebellar_projections_in_cat_using_anterograde_transport_of_WGA_HRP_with_some_observations_on_spinomesencephalic_and_spinothalamic_projections","owner_id":35430967,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":35430967,"first_name":"Brita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Robertson","page_name":"BritaRobertson","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-09-30T06:35:31.490-07:00","display_name":"Brita Robertson","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BritaRobertson"},"attachments":[{"id":98598399,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598399/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BF00237154.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598399/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Demonstration_of_spinocerebellar_project.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98598399/BF00237154-libre.pdf?1676272072=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDemonstration_of_spinocerebellar_project.pdf\u0026Expires=1739844024\u0026Signature=FhBf06o9AsCRhpidgLaJjKx0nFsREiGgRmRuxjy31xsp0q0NQ8OAMuAcWyYbskjQhYRyoWqs2o2eCXL489ScMq0q0rLKd7ygQUwFkaorDptnRBr09cmc3eZee2rtwWmwRAOSa9mcbuG-OpeYTuFQKPR5WlsuIGPx9wGOwBTQZfLLhKA0ViDw2WkckfQd4UPcUFU-SvibN-ojUyhgM~5hjhHuj8qGbaOs5rXlWtMtNruBa9nvD6Y5zXo-uLqmZoxzrR6IUZNPgidvBrdAeTgFnAgVV5QI5rKXeftAXWljZ-d~mmf6JqEjtrCKhxQF730jLxBGbzEd7jtHLpTfZYPUxw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96801189"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801189/Evolutionary_Conservation_of_the_Basal_Ganglia_as_a_Common_Vertebrate_Mechanism_for_Action_Selection"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evolutionary Conservation of the Basal Ganglia as a Common Vertebrate Mechanism for Action Selection" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98598408/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96801189/Evolutionary_Conservation_of_the_Basal_Ganglia_as_a_Common_Vertebrate_Mechanism_for_Action_Selection">Evolutionary Conservation of the Basal Ganglia as a Common Vertebrate Mechanism for Action Selection</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Current Biology</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Although the basal ganglia are thought to play a key role in action selection in mamm...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Although the basal ganglia are thought to play a key role in action selection in mammals, it is unknown whether this mammalian circuitry is present in lower vertebrates as a conserved selection mechanism. We aim here, using lamprey, to elucidate the basal ganglia circuitry in the phylogenetically oldest group of vertebrates (cyclostomes) and determine how this selection architecture evolved to accommodate the increased behavioral repertoires of advanced vertebrates. Results: We show, using immunohistochemistry, tract tracing, and whole-cell recordings, that all parts of the mammalian basal ganglia (striatum, globus pallidus interna [GPi] and externa [GPe], and subthalamic nucleus [STN]) are present in the lamprey forebrain. In addition, the circuit features, molecular markers, and physiological activity patterns are conserved. Thus, GABAergic striatal neurons expressing substance P project directly to the pallidal output layer, whereas enkephalin-expressing striatal neurons project indirectly via nuclei homologous to the GPe and STN. Moreover, pallidal output neurons tonically inhibit tectum, mesencephalic, and diencephalic motor regions. Conclusions: These results show that the detailed basal ganglia circuitry is present in the phylogenetically oldest vertebrates and has been conserved, most likely as a mechanism for action selection used by all vertebrates, for over 560 million years. Our data also suggest that the mammalian basal ganglia evolved through a process of exaptation, where the ancestral core unit has been co-opted for multiple functions, allowing them to process cognitive, emotional, and motor information in parallel and control a broader range of behaviors.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6256e62f78f361320eec7c5bc26f631e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98598408,"asset_id":96801189,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98598408/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96801189"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96801189"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96801189; 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