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id="toc-Post-war_intermediate_weapon_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_intermediate_weapon_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Post-war intermediate weapon development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_intermediate_weapon_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960s_–_1970s:_4.85×49mm,_XL64,_XL65,_XL68" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s_–_1970s:_4.85×49mm,_XL64,_XL65,_XL68"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1960s – 1970s: 4.85×49mm, XL64, XL65, XL68</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s_–_1970s:_4.85×49mm,_XL64,_XL65,_XL68-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970s_–_1980s:_5.56×45mm,_XL70,_XL73,_XL78" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s_–_1980s:_5.56×45mm,_XL70,_XL73,_XL78"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1970s – 1980s: 5.56×45mm, XL70, XL73, XL78</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s_–_1980s:_5.56×45mm,_XL70,_XL73,_XL78-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s,_5.56×45mm,_XL85,_XL86" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s,_5.56×45mm,_XL85,_XL86"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1980s, 5.56×45mm, XL85, XL86</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s,_5.56×45mm,_XL85,_XL86-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Production-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Production subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Accepted_into_service:_5.56×45mm,_L85A1,_L86A1,_L98A1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accepted_into_service:_5.56×45mm,_L85A1,_L86A1,_L98A1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Accepted into service: 5.56×45mm, L85A1, L86A1, L98A1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accepted_into_service:_5.56×45mm,_L85A1,_L86A1,_L98A1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design_flaws" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design_flaws"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Design flaws</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design_flaws-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A2_upgrade_programme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A2_upgrade_programme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>A2 upgrade programme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A2_upgrade_programme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A3_upgrade_programme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A3_upgrade_programme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>A3 upgrade programme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A3_upgrade_programme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design_details" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design_details"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Design details</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Design_details-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Design details subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Design_details-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Operating_mechanism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operating_mechanism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Operating mechanism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operating_mechanism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Magazines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magazines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Magazines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magazines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bayonet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bayonet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Bayonet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bayonet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accessories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accessories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Accessories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accessories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rifle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rifle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Rifle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rifle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Light_Support_Weapon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Light_Support_Weapon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Light Support Weapon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Light_Support_Weapon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carbine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carbine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Carbine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carbine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cadet_General_Purpose_Rifle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cadet_General_Purpose_Rifle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Cadet General Purpose Rifle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cadet_General_Purpose_Rifle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L402A1_0.22_Small_Bore_Rifle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L402A1_0.22_Small_Bore_Rifle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>L402A1 0.22 Small Bore Rifle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L402A1_0.22_Small_Bore_Rifle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflicts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflicts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Conflicts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflicts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Users" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Users"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Users</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Users-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Users subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Users-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Non-state_users" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-state_users"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Non-state users</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-state_users-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">SA80</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9_L85A1" title="بندقية L85A1 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بندقية L85A1" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%B8%DB%B0" title="اس‌ای۸۰ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اس‌ای۸۰" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enfield_SA-80" title="Enfield SA-80 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Enfield SA-80" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L85A1" title="L85A1 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="L85A1" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/L85" title="L85 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="L85" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karabin_L85" title="Karabin L85 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Karabin L85" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%B3_%D8%A6%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%A8%D9%A0" title="ئێس ئەی ٨٠ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئێس ئەی ٨٠" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L85" title="L85 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="L85" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L85" title="L85 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="L85" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80" title="SA80 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="SA80" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80%E6%A7%8D%E6%97%8F" title="SA80槍族 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="SA80槍族" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Current British assault rifle, bullpup</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="fn org"> SA80 </span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SA80_A2_(L85A2)_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162150.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162150.jpg/300px-SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162150.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162150.jpg/450px-SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162150.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162150.jpg/600px-SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162150.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4973" data-file-height="2313" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">L85A2 with ELCAN LDS and 2009 upgrade suite</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bullpup" title="Bullpup">Bullpup</a> <a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">assault rifle</a> (L85)<br /><a href="/wiki/Light_machine_gun" title="Light machine gun">Light machine gun</a> (L86 LSW)<br /><a href="/wiki/Carbine" title="Carbine">Carbine</a> (L22)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Service history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">1985–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Used by</th><td class="infobox-data">See <i><a href="#Users">Users</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Wars</th><td class="infobox-data">See <i><a href="#Conflicts">Conflicts</a></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Production history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designed</th><td class="infobox-data">1970s–1980s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Small_Arms_Factory" title="Royal Small Arms Factory">Royal Small Arms Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Ordnance" title="Royal Ordnance">Royal Ordnance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Unit cost</th><td class="infobox-data">£1,300 (2015)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201673_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201673-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Produced</th><td class="infobox-data">1985–1994</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> built</th><td class="infobox-data">Approx. 350,000 (L85, L86)<br />Approx. 21,700 (L98)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data">See <i><a href="#Variants">Variants</a></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Specifications (L85A2)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">4.98 kilograms (11.0 lb) (L85A2 with SUSAT sight and loaded 30-round magazine)<sup id="cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">785 millimetres (30.9 in) (L85A2)<sup id="cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><a href="/wiki/Gun_barrel" title="Gun barrel">Barrel</a> length</th><td class="infobox-data">518 millimetres (20.4 in) (L85A2)<sup id="cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">Cartridge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/5.56%C3%9745mm_NATO" title="5.56×45mm NATO">5.56×45mm NATO</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><a href="/wiki/Action_(firearms)" title="Action (firearms)">Action</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gas-operated_reloading" title="Gas-operated reloading">Gas-operated</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rotating_bolt" title="Rotating bolt">rotating bolt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><a href="/wiki/Rate_of_fire" title="Rate of fire">Rate of fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data">610–775 rpm<sup id="cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">Muzzle velocity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">930–940 m/s (3,100–3,100 ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Effective firing range</th><td class="infobox-data">400 metres (1,300 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Feed system</th><td class="infobox-data">30-round detachable STANAG magazine,<br />30-round detachable polymer Magpul EMAG, 60-round casket magazine<br />20-round detachable magazine (carbine)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Sights</th><td class="infobox-data">Telescopic <a href="/wiki/SUSAT" title="SUSAT">SUSAT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Combat_Optical_Gunsight" title="Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight">ACOG</a> and <a href="/wiki/ELCAN" class="mw-redirect" title="ELCAN">ELCAN</a> LDS scopes, aperture <a href="/wiki/Iron_sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron sight">iron sights</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>SA80</b> (Small Arms for the 1980s) is a British family of <a href="/wiki/5.56%C3%9745mm_NATO" title="5.56×45mm NATO">5.56×45mm NATO</a> service weapons used by the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant20164_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant20164-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The L85 Rifle variant has been the standard issue <a href="/wiki/Service_rifle" title="Service rifle">service rifle</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">British Armed Forces</a> since 1987, replacing the <a href="/wiki/L1A1_Self-Loading_Rifle" title="L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle">L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle</a>. The prototypes were created in 1976, with production of the A1 variant starting in 1985 and ending in 1994. The A2 variant came to be as the result of a significant upgrade in the early 2000s by <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch" title="Heckler & Koch">Heckler & Koch</a> and remains in service as of 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The A3 variant was first issued in 2018 with several new improvements. </p><p>The remainder of the SA80 family comprises the L86 Light Support Weapon, the short-barrelled L22 Carbine and the L98 Cadet rifle. </p><p>The SA80 was the last in a long line of British weapons (including the <a href="/wiki/Lee%E2%80%93Enfield" title="Lee–Enfield">Lee–Enfield</a> family) to come from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Small_Arms_Factory" title="Royal Small Arms Factory">Royal Small Arms Factory</a>, the national arms development and production facility at <a href="/wiki/Enfield_Lock" title="Enfield Lock">Enfield Lock</a>, before its weapons factory was closed down in 1988. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_intermediate_weapon_development">Post-war intermediate weapon development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Post-war intermediate weapon development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The idea dates back to the late 1940s, when an ambitious programme to develop a new cartridge and new class of rifle was launched in the United Kingdom based on combat experience drawn from World War II. Two <a href="/wiki/.280_British" title=".280 British">7mm (.280 in)</a> prototypes were built in a <a href="/wiki/Bullpup" title="Bullpup">bullpup</a> configuration, designated the <a href="/wiki/EM-2_Bullpup_Rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="EM-2 Bullpup Rifle">EM-1 and EM-2</a>. The latter was brought into service briefly as "Rifle, Automatic, Calibre .280, Number 9". When <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> standardised on the <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9751mm_NATO" title="7.62×51mm NATO">7.62mm rifle cartridge</a> as the standard calibre for its <a href="/wiki/Service_rifle" title="Service rifle">service rifles</a>, further development of these rifles was discontinued and the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> adopted the 7.62 mm <a href="/wiki/L1A1_Self-Loading_Rifle" title="L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle">L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle</a> <a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_rifle" title="Semi-automatic rifle">semi-automatic rifle</a>, a licence-built version of the Belgian <a href="/wiki/FN_FAL" title="FN FAL">FN FAL</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s_–_1970s:_4.85×49mm,_XL64,_XL65,_XL68"><span id="1960s_.E2.80.93_1970s:_4.85.C3.9749mm.2C_XL64.2C_XL65.2C_XL68"></span>1960s – 1970s: 4.85×49mm, XL64, XL65, XL68</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1960s – 1970s: 4.85×49mm, XL64, XL65, XL68"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/L64/65" title="L64/65">L64/65</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intermediate_cartridge" title="Intermediate cartridge">intermediate cartridge</a></div> <p>In 1969, the Enfield factory began work on a brand new family of weapons, chambered in a newly designed British <a href="/wiki/4.85%C3%9749mm" title="4.85×49mm">4.85×49mm</a> intermediate cartridge. While the experimental weapon family was very different from the EM-2 in internal design and construction methods, its bullpup configuration with an optical sight was a clear influence on the design of what was to become the SA80. The system was to be composed of two weapons: the <a href="/wiki/L64/65" title="L64/65">XL64E5</a> rifle (also called the "Enfield Individual Weapon") and a light support weapon known as the XL65E4 <a href="/wiki/Light_machine_gun" title="Light machine gun">light machine gun</a>. </p><p>The sheet metal construction and the design of the bolt, bolt carrier, guide rods and the weapon's disassembly showed strong similarities to the <a href="/wiki/ArmaLite" title="ArmaLite">Armalite</a> <a href="/wiki/AR-18" class="mw-redirect" title="AR-18">AR-18</a> which was manufactured under licence from 1975 to 1983 by the <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Armaments_Company" title="Sterling Armaments Company">Sterling Armaments Company</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dagenham" title="Dagenham">Dagenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-OffTarget_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OffTarget-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (July 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and which had been tested by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">British Ministry of Defence</a> in 1966 and 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the development of the SA80, a bullpup conversion was made of an AR-18 and a <a href="/wiki/Stoner_63" title="Stoner 63">Stoner 63</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (April 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at Enfield due to the fact they could be used with stocks folded/without stocks which allowed the bullpup conversion and were later chambered in the experimental 4.85x49mm round. A bullpup conversion of the <a href="/wiki/AR-15_style_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="AR-15 style rifle">AR-15</a> was previously considered but the buffer tube in stock prevented the idea from reaching fruition.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Technically, in the mid-1970s, the 4.85×49mm round was seen as superior to the then existing version of 5.56mm M193 round in use by the US (for the <a href="/wiki/M16_rifle" title="M16 rifle">M16/M16A1</a>) and by other forces. This was the expressed view of trials team members whilst demonstrating the XL64E5 prototype at the British Army School of Infantry at <a href="/wiki/Warminster" title="Warminster">Warminster</a>. Development of small-arms munitions have a long and continuous life and it was estimated by the trials specialists from Enfield that this weapon would ultimately be superior in the 4.85mm configuration. For the 4.85mm round, both propellant and projectile were at the beginning of their respective development curves. Weight for weight, more rounds of ammunition could be carried by an individual soldier – a considerable advantage on the battlefield. </p><p>It was regarded as probable at the time that the argument for the 5.56mm standard within NATO had more to do with the economics involved. Over the lifetime of a small-arms weapon type, far more money is spent on the munitions than the weapons themselves. If the 5.56mm supporters had lost the argument in favour of a British 4.85mm round, the economic impact would have been very large, and political pressure undoubtedly played a part in the final decision.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1976, the prototypes were ready to undergo trials.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s_–_1980s:_5.56×45mm,_XL70,_XL73,_XL78"><span id="1970s_.E2.80.93_1980s:_5.56.C3.9745mm.2C_XL70.2C_XL73.2C_XL78"></span>1970s – 1980s: 5.56×45mm, XL70, XL73, XL78</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1970s – 1980s: 5.56×45mm, XL70, XL73, XL78"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Assault_Rifles_MOD_45162601.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/British_Assault_Rifles_MOD_45162601.jpg/250px-British_Assault_Rifles_MOD_45162601.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/British_Assault_Rifles_MOD_45162601.jpg/330px-British_Assault_Rifles_MOD_45162601.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/British_Assault_Rifles_MOD_45162601.jpg/500px-British_Assault_Rifles_MOD_45162601.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5016" data-file-height="3273" /></a><figcaption>Pictured left to right are the L85-A2, XL 60 and EM-2</figcaption></figure> <p>After NATO's decision to standardise ammunition among its members, Enfield engineers re-chambered the rifles to the American <a href="/wiki/5.56%C3%9745mm_NATO" title="5.56×45mm NATO">5.56×45mm NATO</a> M193 cartridge. The newly redesigned 5.56mm version of the XL64E5 became known as the XL70E3.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The left-handed XL68 was also re-chambered in 5.56×45mm as the XL78. The 5.56mm light support weapon variant, the XL73E3, developed from the XL65E4, was noted for the full-length receiver extension with the bipod under the muzzle now indicative of the type.<sup id="cite_ref-Watters-Chronology_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watters-Chronology-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s,_5.56×45mm,_XL85,_XL86"><span id="1980s.2C_5.56.C3.9745mm.2C_XL85.2C_XL86"></span>1980s, 5.56×45mm, XL85, XL86</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1980s, 5.56×45mm, XL85, XL86"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Further development out of the initial so-called "Phase A" pre-production series led to the XL85 and XL86. While the XL85E1 and XL86E1 were ultimately adopted as the L85 and L86 respectively, a number of additional test models were produced. The XL85E2 and XL86E2 were designed to an alternate build standard with 12 components different from E1 variants, including parts of the gas system, bolt, and magazine catch. Three series of variants were created for "Environmental User Trials". XL85E3 and XL86E3 variants were developed with 24 modified parts, most notably a plastic safety plunger. The E4's had 21 modified parts, no modification to the pistol grip, and an <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> safety plunger, unlike the E3 variants. Lastly, the E5 variants had 9 modified parts in addition to those from the E3/E4 variants.<sup id="cite_ref-Watters-Chronology_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watters-Chronology-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>SA80 development was complicated from the start. One complication was at least three project staffing changes at the Royal Small Arms Factory, which resulted in repetitive testing. One problem with the design of the gun itself was that the cases would be ejected at constantly varying angles as it heated up and the rate of fire changed, resulting in a large ejection port.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conversion from 4.85mm to 5.56mm also caused a complication, as the rate of fire dropped but the pressure and time curve of the rounds were different. The 4.85mm round was based on the 5.56mm case in anticipation of the need to convert calibres. The barrel was changed easily, but the gas ports were much larger. Pressure problems had less of an effect on the LSW due to its longer barrel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accepted_into_service:_5.56×45mm,_L85A1,_L86A1,_L98A1"><span id="Accepted_into_service:_5.56.C3.9745mm.2C_L85A1.2C_L86A1.2C_L98A1"></span>Accepted into service: 5.56×45mm, L85A1, L86A1, L98A1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Accepted into service: 5.56×45mm, L85A1, L86A1, L98A1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:221px;max-width:221px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DM-SD-98-00176.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/DM-SD-98-00176.JPEG/217px-DM-SD-98-00176.JPEG" decoding="async" width="217" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/DM-SD-98-00176.JPEG/326px-DM-SD-98-00176.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/DM-SD-98-00176.JPEG/434px-DM-SD-98-00176.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="1473" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">L85A1 with SUSAT</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SA-80_rifle_stripped_1996.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/SA-80_rifle_stripped_1996.jpg/217px-SA-80_rifle_stripped_1996.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/SA-80_rifle_stripped_1996.jpg/326px-SA-80_rifle_stripped_1996.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/SA-80_rifle_stripped_1996.jpg/434px-SA-80_rifle_stripped_1996.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1294" data-file-height="844" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">L85A1 field-stripped</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SA80_A2_(L85A2)_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162152.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162152.jpg/217px-SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162152.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162152.jpg/326px-SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162152.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162152.jpg/434px-SA80_A2_%28L85A2%29_5.56mm_Rifle_MOD_45162152.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4804" data-file-height="3843" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Field-stripped L85A2 (post-2009 model)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>After receiving feedback from users and incorporating the various design changes requested, including adapting the rifle for use with the heavier Belgian SS109 version of the 5.56×45mm round and improving reliability, the weapon system was accepted into service with the British Armed Forces in 1985 as the SA80. The SA80 family originally consisted of the L85A1 Rifle, the L86A1 Light Support Weapon (LSW), and L98A1 Cadet GP Rifle. The first weapons were issued in October 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant2016_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant2016-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (July 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-OffTarget_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OffTarget-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The SA80 family was designed and produced by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Small_Arms_Factory" title="Royal Small Arms Factory">Royal Small Arms Factory</a> at <a href="/wiki/Enfield_Lock" title="Enfield Lock">Enfield Lock</a>. In 1988, production of the rifle was transferred to the Nottingham Small Arms Facility owned by <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ordnance" title="Royal Ordnance">Royal Ordnance</a> (later <a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace" title="British Aerospace">British Aerospace</a>, Royal Ordnance; now <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a>), the site was previously known as <a href="/wiki/ROF_Nottingham" title="ROF Nottingham">ROF Nottingham</a>. It was envisaged that the family would replace the L1A1 SLR, the <a href="/wiki/Sterling_submachine_gun" title="Sterling submachine gun">L2A3 (Sterling) submachine gun</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bren_light_machine_gun#L4" title="Bren light machine gun">L4 Light Machine Gun</a> (a modernised <a href="/wiki/Bren_light_machine_gun" title="Bren light machine gun">Bren</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/FN_MAG#British_versions" title="FN MAG">L7A2 General Purpose Machine Gun</a> as used at section level. Regular infantry, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marine</a> units, and the <a href="/wiki/RAF_Regiment" title="RAF Regiment">RAF Regiment</a> were to change over by 1987, remaining regular army units by 1990, remaining RAF units by 1991, <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Army_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Army (United Kingdom)">Territorial Army</a> units by 1991–1993, and the Royal Navy by 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201674-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1994, production was officially completed. More than 350,000 L85 rifles and L86 LSWs had been manufactured for the British Armed Forces, with the former variant comprising 95% of the total run,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201674-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with over 21,700 L98A1 rifles were produced for cadet use.<sup id="cite_ref-FOI201503633_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOI201503633-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The production line was broken up shortly afterwards, with the Nottingham facility closing in 2001. Upgrade programmes and requirements for spare and replacement parts have since been fulfilled by then British-owned <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch" title="Heckler & Koch">Heckler & Koch</a>, which later reopened the Nottingham site.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As responsibility for the funding and supply of the home defence regiments of the <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="British Overseas Territory">British Overseas Territories</a> has been handed to the local governments of the territories, despite the regiments themselves coming under command of the national (British) government and being loosely integrated with the British Army, the SA80 was not automatically supplied to these units. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bermuda_Regiment" title="Royal Bermuda Regiment">Bermuda Regiment</a> adopted the <a href="/wiki/Ruger_Mini-14" title="Ruger Mini-14">Ruger Mini-14</a> in 1983, although small stocks of the L85 were also acquired for the purpose of familiarisation training as many of its personnel attend courses or attachments in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Regiment later acquired an additional 400 L85A2 rifles in 2015 to replace the Mini-14 as the standard-issue rifle.<sup id="cite_ref-royalgazette.com_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-royalgazette.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Gibraltar_Regiment" title="Royal Gibraltar Regiment">Royal Gibraltar Regiment</a>, which is more closely integrated with the British Army, adopted the SA80 from the outset. The <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_Defence_Force" title="Falkland Islands Defence Force">Falkland Islands Defence Force</a> adopted the <a href="/wiki/Steyr_AUG" title="Steyr AUG">Steyr AUG</a> (another 5.56×45mm bullpup rifle)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which served until 2019 when the Defence Force adopted the L85A2 as part of a wider effort to align its weapons, training and procedures with those of the British Armed Forces.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The L85 is in use with the <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Defence_Force" title="Jamaica Defence Force">Jamaica Defence Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MJ_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various African and South American countries received SA80s as part of wider military aid packages.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design_flaws">Design flaws</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Design flaws"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soon after being adopted for service, problems began to surface during troop trials held between 1986 and 1987. Components were found to be insufficiently robust, the LSW's bipod lock often failed to hold the bipod legs in closed position, the plastic furniture was melted by insect repellent, metal parts were quick to rust in jungle environments, and the weapon's mechanism was highly susceptible to dusty and arctic environments.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201649_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201649-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IHpg158_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IHpg158-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These problems were not helped by the production process. The SA80 series was produced from metal stampings. While <a href="/wiki/Royal_Small_Arms_Factory" title="Royal Small Arms Factory">RSAF Enfield</a> had previous experience in manufacturing stamped-metal firearms, this was only in relation to weapons such as the <a href="/wiki/Sten" title="Sten">Sten</a> submachine gun that had relatively loose tolerances. The tighter tolerances required by the SA80 soon led to production delays and high wastage levels.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There were also issues with regard to working practices and employee attitudes at the Enfield site which were exacerbated by its closure in 1988 and resulting redundancies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201674-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One worker was recorded as saying that "Having been shafted by BAE and our own management, we thought why the hell should we care if [the SA80] worked or not. All we wanted to do was see the last of the bloody things and leave."<sup id="cite_ref-lastenfield_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lastenfield-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While production at the Nottingham facility was supposed to result in better-quality weapons owing to the use of newer manufacturing methods,<sup id="cite_ref-IHpg158_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IHpg158-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> few of the staff working there had any experience of firearms manufacture. Only 15 to 20 components were produced in-house, compared to the Enfield site's total of 230, with the rest being outsourced to subcontractors. Since the plant kept low stocks of pre-produced components, significant delays were incurred if subcontracted components were late in arriving at the Nottingham site or did not meet required tolerances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201674-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the L85A1 and L86A1 were first sent into major combat during the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>, individual performance was far from adequate. The L85A1 proved unreliable in semi-automatic mode, and slightly better in fully automatic mode, while the opposite was true of the L86A1. Specific complaints included: the poor quality plastic furniture fell apart and the gun was damaged easily; the magazine release catch was easily knocked accidentally and dropped the magazine; the catch on the top cover over the gas mechanism was too weak and constantly popped open, so it had to be taped down; only 26–28 rounds could be loaded in a magazine because the springs were weak, something that was also mentioned in training manuals, at least with regard to earlier <a href="/wiki/Colt%27s_Manufacturing_Company" title="Colt's Manufacturing Company">Colt</a>-produced magazines,<sup id="cite_ref-AC71374_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it had to be kept very clean and the lips checked for dents.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The magazine was made from aluminium and would deform if grasped too tightly. During firing, this could choke the flow of rounds and result in a jam; the LSW had a small magazine capacity for its role and overheated after 120–150 rounds fired in bursts; the weapons were difficult to strip and reassemble, with the gas plug easily jamming in place and requiring an armorer to remove; the firing pin was too narrow and would snap; the back of the trigger surface was flat which with snow or dirt accumulating behind it would prevent the trigger from pulling back all the way and firing the gun; and ergonomic issues related to the safety catch, cocking lever, and the location and stiffness of the fire selector switch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/British_military_intervention_in_the_Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="British military intervention in the Sierra Leone Civil War">Operation Palliser</a> and other intervention operations in Sierra Leone, it was discovered that the version of the safety plunger used for production weapons was made from cheap injection-moulded plastic that swelled when wet, potentially rendering weapons inoperative if they had been left on 'safe'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201630_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201630-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SA80 initially gained a poor reputation amongst British soldiers as being unreliable and fragile, a fact picked up by the UK media,<sup id="cite_ref-guardian2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> entertainment industry,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and members of the House of Lords.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> sergeant <a href="/wiki/Chris_Ryan" title="Chris Ryan">Chris Ryan</a> regarded the SA80s as being "poor-quality, unreliable weapons at the best of times, prone to stoppages, and it seemed pretty tough to have to rely on them".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Immediately after the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a> (MOD) commissioned the LANDSET Report,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> into the effectiveness of the L85A1 and L86A1. This report criticised the acceptance of the weapon into service. Neither weapon had managed to pass the sand trials and both frequently jammed. The mechanism of both weapons needed to be well-lubricated as the weapon became prone to seizure if fired "dry", yet in a sandy environment the lubricated weapon became unreliable due to the lubricant attracting sand into the moving parts. The LANDSET report identified in excess of 50 faults, most notably the magazine release catch, which could easily be caught on clothing and accidentally release the magazine; the plastic safety plunger which became brittle in cold climates; and firing pins that were not up to repeated use, and prone to fracture if used in automatic fire mode.<sup id="cite_ref-lastenfield_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lastenfield-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The report concluded that "It is, however, quite clear that infantrymen did not have CONFIDENCE in their personal weapon. Most expected a stoppage in the first magazine fired. Some platoon commanders considered that casualties would have occurred due to weapon stoppages if the enemy had put up any resistance in the trench and bunker clearing operations. Even discounting the familiarisation period of desert conditions, when some may have still been using the incorrect lubrication drill, stoppages continued to occur."<sup id="cite_ref-lastenfield_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lastenfield-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The report was leaked to the press, at which point the Ministry of Defence claimed that it was fake; while it was later admitted that the report was a genuine document,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201628_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201628-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the MOD continued to downplay its significance, and only seven of the 50 faults identified were addressed by subsequent modifications, meaning that complaints over reliability in service continued. The MOD finally began to take the SA80 family's issues seriously in 1992, but procuring entirely new weapons was considered too expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A2_upgrade_programme">A2 upgrade programme <span class="anchor" id="L85A2"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: A2 upgrade programme"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a result, a more extensive modification programme was executed. In 2000, a team from Heckler & Koch, led by Ernst Mauch, was contracted to upgrade the SA80 family of weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time Heckler & Koch were owned by BAE Systems. 200,000 SA80s were re-manufactured for £400 each, producing the A2 variant. Changes focused primarily on improving reliability and include a redesigned cocking handle, modified bolt, extractor and a redesigned hammer assembly that produces a slight delay in the hammer's operation in continuous fire mode, improving reliability and stability. The rifle and the LSW underwent modifications, and the programme also saw the introduction of a carbine variant.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ministry of Defence describes the A2 revision as "producing the most reliable weapons of their type in the world".<sup id="cite_ref-modl85_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-modl85-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Armed Forces trials indicated extremely good reliability over a range of climates for various operational scenarios, though with a decline in reliability in hot, and especially hot and dry conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201631_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201631-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The L85A2 achieved an average reliability rate of 25,200 <a href="/wiki/Mean_time_between_failures" title="Mean time between failures">mean rounds between failure</a>, and the L86A2 achieved 12,897 mean rounds between failures. Both weapons have higher reliability rates in cold/dry, temperate, and hot/wet conditions,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but lower rates in hot/dry environments. The minimum expected life of A2 components is 10,000 rounds, meaning they might never suffer stoppages during their lifetimes. Mean rounds between failures was the measure of the average number of rounds that are fired between failures of a battlefield mission test. A battlefield mission was counted as a failure when there was more than one stoppage that the soldier could clear immediately on their own or there was a stoppage that required an armourer or a tool to clear. The Individual Weapon fired 165 battlefield missions, each comprising 150 rounds over 8 mins 40 secs. A total of 24,750 rounds were fired and suffered only 51 stoppages.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of 165 battlefield missions, the A2 passed 156; the nine failures stoppages were easily cleared and not mission critical. The L85A2 achieved a 95% success rate, above the operational requirement of 90%, and its nearest rival of popular choice achieved only 47%.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally slated for introduction in 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the first A2-style SA80 weapons were rushed into action in Afghanistan in December 2001, and all 200,000 were converted by February 2006. Three to four thousand weapons were converted per month. Despite the modifications, reports emerged that the L85A2 was still jamming; in reality, there were few jams and problems were much less serious than they were made out to be, since they stemmed from isolated cases of soldiers not cleaning their weapons correctly.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The modified A2 variants are distinguished by the "HK A2" marking on the top of the weapon just forward of the buttplate and the distinctive comma-shaped cocking handle (shaped to aid the ejection of the empty round casing and prevent stoppages). </p><p>Continued testing of the L85A2 in adverse conditions demonstrates its reliability over contemporary rifles, including the M16. Although it is heavier than most conventional and more modern bullpup rifles, its full-length barrel gives higher muzzle velocities and better terminal performance than both the American <a href="/wiki/M4_carbine" title="M4 carbine">M4 carbine</a> and <a href="/wiki/M16_assault_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="M16 assault rifle">M16 assault rifle</a>. Rounds from an <a href="/wiki/M4_carbine" title="M4 carbine">M4</a> will only reliably fragment out to 50–100 metres, while the L85A2 and M16 allowed fragmentation out to 150–200 metres and the L86A2 has an even longer fragmentation range.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite these modifications, the L86A2 was supplemented with a belt-fed machine gun. British troops were issued with <a href="/wiki/FN_Minimi" title="FN Minimi">FN Minimi</a> machine guns to add suppressive fire out to 300 metres.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A further upgrade including the provision of <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Combat_Optical_Gunsight" title="Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight">Advanced Combat Optical Gunsights</a> (ACOGs), a <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Defense" title="Daniel Defense">Daniel Defense</a>-designed <a href="/wiki/Picatinny_rail" title="Picatinny rail">Picatinny rail</a> (RIS) handguard for the L85 rifle (with optional Grip Pod downgrip),<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a new vortex style <a href="/wiki/Flash_suppressor" title="Flash suppressor">flash eliminator</a> was introduced as an <a href="/wiki/Urgent_Operational_Requirement" title="Urgent Operational Requirement">Urgent Operational Requirement</a>; initially introduced for use by selected units in 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the upgrade package was subsequently rolled out on a more general basis from 2009 onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201641_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201641-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A3_upgrade_programme">A3 upgrade programme</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: A3 upgrade programme"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_SA80_A3_Assault_Rifle_MOD_45163882.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/New_SA80_A3_Assault_Rifle_MOD_45163882.jpg/250px-New_SA80_A3_Assault_Rifle_MOD_45163882.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/New_SA80_A3_Assault_Rifle_MOD_45163882.jpg/330px-New_SA80_A3_Assault_Rifle_MOD_45163882.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/New_SA80_A3_Assault_Rifle_MOD_45163882.jpg/500px-New_SA80_A3_Assault_Rifle_MOD_45163882.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4582" data-file-height="2205" /></a><figcaption>L85A3 with a vertical fire grip</figcaption></figure> <p>The SA80A3 was first unveiled in prototype form in September 2016<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with working models on display in September 2017 at the Defence and Security Equipment International event<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and official adoption taking place in 2018, designated as the L85A3.<sup id="cite_ref-SA80A3_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA80A3-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The changes from the SA80A2 design include a modification to the upper receiver and a full-length rail system for optional add-ons such as a vertical foregrip, laser pointer and torch. It also includes a weight saving of 100 g and a new Flat Dark Earth coating offering improved durability and better camouflage across various environments. The Mid Life Improvement (MLI) project received an initial investment of £5.4 million to have 5,000 weapons upgraded initially, with plans for more weapons to be upgraded in the future. The MLI project should see the weapon in service with the British military beyond 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-MLI_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLI-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only the L85 rifle was announced as being upgraded; the L86 LSW would be withdrawn from use.<sup id="cite_ref-SOLDIERMAG_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SOLDIERMAG-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The A3 received further upgrades in late 2020 following feedback from soldiers. These upgrades mainly included improvements to the ergonomics of the handguard and a switch from Heckler & Koch's HKey accessory attachment system to <a href="/wiki/Magpul_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Magpul Industries">Magpul</a>'s <a href="/wiki/M-LOK" title="M-LOK">M-LOK</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_details">Design details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Design details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operating_mechanism">Operating mechanism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Operating mechanism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Operation_Red_Dagger_01.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Operation_Red_Dagger_01.JPEG/220px-Operation_Red_Dagger_01.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Operation_Red_Dagger_01.JPEG/330px-Operation_Red_Dagger_01.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Operation_Red_Dagger_01.JPEG/440px-Operation_Red_Dagger_01.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="3450" data-file-height="2291" /></a><figcaption>A Royal Marine aims an L85A2 equipped with an L123A2 <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_AG36" title="Heckler & Koch AG36">Heckler & Koch AG36</a> <a href="/wiki/Grenade_launcher" title="Grenade launcher">grenade launcher</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>With the exception of the L98A2, the SA80 system is a <a href="/wiki/Selective_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective fire">selective fire</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas-operated_reloading" title="Gas-operated reloading">gas-operated</a> design that uses ignited powder gases bled through a port in the barrel to provide the weapon's automation. The rifle uses a short-stroke gas piston system located above the barrel, which is fed gas through a three-position adjustable gas regulator. The first gas setting is used for normal operation, the second ("Excess") is for use in difficult environmental conditions, while the third setting ("Off") prevents any gas from reaching the piston and is used to launch <a href="/wiki/Rifle_grenade" title="Rifle grenade">rifle grenades</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71374_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC718072004_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072004-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC718072011_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072011-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The weapon uses a rotating cylindrical bolt that contains seven radially mounted locking splines, an extractor and casing ejector. The bolt's rotation is controlled by a cam stud that slides inside a <a href="/wiki/Helix" title="Helix">helical</a> camming guide machined into the bolt carrier.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Features">Features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Marine_firing_SA-80.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_Marine_firing_SA-80.jpg/250px-US_Marine_firing_SA-80.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_Marine_firing_SA-80.jpg/330px-US_Marine_firing_SA-80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_Marine_firing_SA-80.jpg/500px-US_Marine_firing_SA-80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2182" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">US Marine</a> operating the cocking handle of an L85A1, 2000.</figcaption></figure> <p>The family is built in a <a href="/wiki/Bullpup" title="Bullpup">bullpup</a> layout (the action is behind the trigger group), with a forward-mounted <a href="/wiki/Pistol_grip" title="Pistol grip">pistol grip</a>. The main advantage of this type of arrangement is the overall compactness of the weapon, which can be achieved without compromising the barrel length, hence the overall length of the L85 rifle is shorter than a carbine, but the barrel length is that of an assault rifle. While left-handed conversion kits were trialled, the weapon as finally issued must be used exclusively right-handed since the ejection port and cocking handle (which reciprocates during firing) are on the right side of the receiver, making aimed fire from the left shoulder difficult. This can also give rise to a tactical disadvantage when firing around the left side of cover, where the shooter must expose the majority of their body.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201643_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201643-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However left shoulder firing can be achieved by tilting the right hand side of the rifle downwards, reducing the impediments of the cocking handle and the ejection port;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201642_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201642-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (July 2021)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> the MOD also maintains that left-handed soldiers are capable of accurately firing the weapon from the right shoulder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The SA80 family is hammer-fired and has a trigger mechanism with a fire-control selector that enables semi-automatic/repetition and fully automatic fire (the fire selector lever is located at the left side of the receiver, just aft of the magazine). A cross bolt type safety prevents accidental firing and is located above the trigger; the "safe" setting blocks the movement of the trigger. The magazine release button is placed above the magazine housing, on the left side of the receiver. When the last cartridge is fired from the magazine, the bolt and bolt carrier assembly lock to the rear. To release the bolt, the user has to press a black button on the left side of the rifle, near the fire selector.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The SA80 barrel features a flash eliminator which serves as a mounting base for attaching a <a href="/wiki/Blank-firing_adaptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Blank-firing adaptor">blank firing attachment</a>; it also allows for the use of rifle grenades or a <a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">bayonet</a> with the rifle variant.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The weapon's receiver is made from <a href="/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)" title="Stamping (metalworking)">stamped</a> <a href="/wiki/Sheet_metal" title="Sheet metal">sheet</a> <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>, reinforced with <a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">welded</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rivet" title="Rivet">riveted</a> <a href="/wiki/Machining" title="Machining">machined</a> steel inserts. Synthetic materials such as <a href="/wiki/Nylon" title="Nylon">nylon</a> were used to fabricate the furniture and the safety plunger.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sights">Sights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Susat1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Susat1.jpg/250px-Susat1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Susat1.jpg/330px-Susat1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Susat1.jpg/500px-Susat1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="584" /></a><figcaption>A view through a SUSAT sight.</figcaption></figure> <p>Initially, rifles used by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> infantry soldiers (and other soldiers with a dismounted close combat role) and the <a href="/wiki/RAF_Regiment" title="RAF Regiment">RAF Regiment</a> are equipped with a <a href="/wiki/SUSAT" title="SUSAT">SUSAT</a> (Sight Unit Small Arms, Trilux) optical sight, with a fixed 4× magnification and an illuminated aiming pointer powered by a variable <a href="/wiki/Tritium" title="Tritium">tritium</a> light source (as of 2006 almost all British Army personnel deployed on operations have been issued SUSATs); this is also the standard sighting arrangement for the LSW variant. Mounted on the SUSAT's one-piece, pressure <a href="/wiki/Die_casting" title="Die casting">die-cast</a> aluminium body are a set of back-up <a href="/wiki/Iron_sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron sight">iron sights</a> that consist of a front blade and small rear aperture. Rifles used with other branches of the armed forces when not on operations are configured with fixed iron sights, consisting of a flip rear aperture housed inside the carrying handle and a forward post vertical blade foresight, installed on a bracket above the gas block. The rear sight can be adjusted for windage, and the foresight—elevation. In place of the SUSAT, a passive night vision CWS scope can be used.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71374_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, weapons used by some Royal Marines, Infantry, RAF Regiment, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_Police" title="Ministry of Defence Police">Ministry of Defence Police</a> and soldiers with a dismounted close combat role in operations in Afghanistan have had the SUSAT replaced with the <a href="/wiki/Trijicon" title="Trijicon">Trijicon</a> <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Combat_Optical_Gunsight" title="Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight">Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight</a> (ACOG).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant2016_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant2016-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (July 2019)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2011, the Ministry of Defence began issuing <a href="/wiki/ELCAN_Optical_Technologies" title="ELCAN Optical Technologies">ELCAN</a> SpecterOS 4× Lightweight Day Sights (LDS) in an effort to replace ageing SUSAT units across the British Armed Forces, forming the first stage of the <a href="/wiki/Future_Integrated_Soldier_Technology" title="Future Integrated Soldier Technology">FIST</a> infantry enhancement project.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to mount the new sight, the weapon has been provided with an adapter to convert the existing sight rail to the <a href="/wiki/Picatinny_rail" title="Picatinny rail">Picatinny</a> standard, in keeping with the updated handguard. The FIST project has also seen upgrades to the existing <a href="/wiki/Thales_Optronics" title="Thales Optronics">Qioptiq</a> CWS (4×) and Maxi-Kite (6×) night vision scopes, and the introduction of the FIST Thermal Sight, following operational experience with the VIPIR-2+ thermal weapon sight in Afghanistan. All of the new FIST weapon sights have the capacity to accept Shield's Close Quarter Battlesight reflex sight.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Magazines">Magazines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Magazines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lightweight_Polymer_Magazine_Fitted_to_SA80_Rifle_in_Afghanistan_MOD_45152325.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Lightweight_Polymer_Magazine_Fitted_to_SA80_Rifle_in_Afghanistan_MOD_45152325.jpg/220px-Lightweight_Polymer_Magazine_Fitted_to_SA80_Rifle_in_Afghanistan_MOD_45152325.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Lightweight_Polymer_Magazine_Fitted_to_SA80_Rifle_in_Afghanistan_MOD_45152325.jpg/330px-Lightweight_Polymer_Magazine_Fitted_to_SA80_Rifle_in_Afghanistan_MOD_45152325.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Lightweight_Polymer_Magazine_Fitted_to_SA80_Rifle_in_Afghanistan_MOD_45152325.jpg/440px-Lightweight_Polymer_Magazine_Fitted_to_SA80_Rifle_in_Afghanistan_MOD_45152325.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1996" /></a><figcaption>A close-up of an L85A2 with the polymer Magpul EMAG. Note the clear round counting window.</figcaption></figure> <p>SA80 weapons are fed from a <a href="/wiki/STANAG_magazine" title="STANAG magazine">STANAG magazine</a>, usually with a 30-round capacity. Initially issued magazines were aluminium <a href="/wiki/Colt%27s_Manufacturing_Company" title="Colt's Manufacturing Company">Colt</a> magazines which were not particularly robust, leading to a steel replacement being produced by <a href="/wiki/ROF_Radway_Green" title="ROF Radway Green">ROF Radway Green</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201646_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201646-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These magazines were then replaced during the A2 upgrade programme with two new steel magazines by <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch" title="Heckler & Koch">Heckler & Koch</a>; the main variant is for live ammunition, and the other is exclusively used for blank ammunition. The blank variant is identified by yellow stripes on the magazine, and is designed to prevent the unintentional loading of live rounds. This magazine has less internal length so that live rounds will not fit, while still fitting blank rounds, which are shorter. Blank rounds will fit into the live-round magazine, but the difference in length increases the chance of a stoppage.<sup id="cite_ref-AC718072004_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072004-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC718072011_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072011-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Magpul_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Magpul Industries">Magpul Industries</a> polymer EMAG magazine was introduced from 2011, featuring a lower weight of 130 grams (4.6 oz) compared to the steel magazine's 249 grams (8.8 oz), a detachable dust cover, and a clear window in the magazine body that allows easy monitoring of how much ammunition remains in the magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Beta_C-Mag" title="Beta C-Mag">Beta C-Mag</a> was trialled in an attempt to improve the L86's limited ability to lay down sustained fire, but reliability problems with the magazine when loaded with British-issue ammunition meant that it was not adopted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201646_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201646-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bayonet">Bayonet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bayonet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:221px;max-width:221px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst,_Exercise_Dynamic_Victory_151110-A-HE359-023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/British_Army_Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst%2C_Exercise_Dynamic_Victory_151110-A-HE359-023.jpg/250px-British_Army_Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst%2C_Exercise_Dynamic_Victory_151110-A-HE359-023.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/British_Army_Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst%2C_Exercise_Dynamic_Victory_151110-A-HE359-023.jpg/330px-British_Army_Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst%2C_Exercise_Dynamic_Victory_151110-A-HE359-023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/British_Army_Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst%2C_Exercise_Dynamic_Victory_151110-A-HE359-023.jpg/500px-British_Army_Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst%2C_Exercise_Dynamic_Victory_151110-A-HE359-023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6696" data-file-height="4469" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A bayonet attached to an L85A2 rifle</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Navy_Bayonet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Royal_Navy_Bayonet.jpg/217px-Royal_Navy_Bayonet.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Royal_Navy_Bayonet.jpg/326px-Royal_Navy_Bayonet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Royal_Navy_Bayonet.jpg/434px-Royal_Navy_Bayonet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1876" data-file-height="454" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Bayonet detail</div></div></div></div></div> <p>In British Armed Forces use, the L85 Rifle is issued with the socket-type L3A1 Bayonet, which has a hollow handle that fits onto the muzzle. The blade is offset to the side of the handle to allow the rifle to be fired while the bayonet is fitted. It is shaped to produce good penetration when thrust and to part a person's ribs without embedding into bone,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and a ribbed section for rope cutting. The bayonet handle is shaped so as to allow the bayonet to be used as a <a href="/wiki/Fighting_knife" title="Fighting knife">fighting knife</a> in its own right. The issued scabbard features a saw blade for use on wood, a sharpening stone to hone the bayonet, and a bottle opener. When combined with the bayonet, it also forms a wire cutter.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71374_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201659_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201659-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When soldiers from the <a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Wales%27s_Royal_Regiment" title="Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment">Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment</a> went into battle with fixed bayonets on their SA80s during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Danny_Boy" title="Battle of Danny Boy">Battle of Al Amara</a> in Iraq on 14 May 2004, it was the first time fixed bayonets had been used by British troops since the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On several occasions, fixed bayonets were used during the Afghanistan conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201661_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201661-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bayonet cannot be fitted to the L22 Carbine<sup id="cite_ref-AC70166_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC70166-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or L86 Light Support Weapon. As a result, soldiers equipped with the latter sometimes swapped their weapons for vehicle crewmen's L85s when clearing trenches during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Granby" title="Operation Granby">Operation Granby</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201628_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201628-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accessories">Accessories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Accessories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_upgraded_Laser_Light_Module_Mk_3_mounted_on_the_SA-80_Mk2._MOD_45158982.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/An_upgraded_Laser_Light_Module_Mk_3_mounted_on_the_SA-80_Mk2._MOD_45158982.jpg/220px-An_upgraded_Laser_Light_Module_Mk_3_mounted_on_the_SA-80_Mk2._MOD_45158982.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/An_upgraded_Laser_Light_Module_Mk_3_mounted_on_the_SA-80_Mk2._MOD_45158982.jpg/330px-An_upgraded_Laser_Light_Module_Mk_3_mounted_on_the_SA-80_Mk2._MOD_45158982.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/An_upgraded_Laser_Light_Module_Mk_3_mounted_on_the_SA-80_Mk2._MOD_45158982.jpg/440px-An_upgraded_Laser_Light_Module_Mk_3_mounted_on_the_SA-80_Mk2._MOD_45158982.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>L85A2 carrying upgraded Laser Light Module Mk 3 with 800 m range.</figcaption></figure> <p>The SA80 is supplied with a sling, <a href="/wiki/Blank-firing_adaptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Blank-firing adaptor">blank-firing adaptor</a>, and cleaning kit. The rifle can be adapted to use <a href="/wiki/.22_Long_Rifle" class="mw-redirect" title=".22 Long Rifle">.22 Long Rifle</a> training ammunition with a special conversion kit.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71374_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (July 2021)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (July 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Small_Arms_Weapons_Effects_Simulator" title="Small Arms Weapons Effects Simulator">Small Arms Weapons Effects Simulator</a> can be used on the L85 when in training with <a href="/wiki/Blank_(cartridge)" title="Blank (cartridge)">blank ammunition</a>. On operations with ground close combat units (Infantry, Royal Marines, RAF Regiment), the rifle is often fitted with an <a href="/wiki/LLM01" title="LLM01">LLM01</a> Laser Light Module and deployable bipod mounted within an optional front grip. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are four main variants that make up the SA80 family: the <b>L85 Rifle</b>, the <b>L86 Light Support Weapon</b>, the <b>L22 Carbine</b> and the <b>L98 Cadet rifle</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rifle">Rifle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rifle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:221px;max-width:221px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Suilen_at_Sierra_Prieta-L85A2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Charles_Suilen_at_Sierra_Prieta-L85A2.jpg/250px-Charles_Suilen_at_Sierra_Prieta-L85A2.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Charles_Suilen_at_Sierra_Prieta-L85A2.jpg/330px-Charles_Suilen_at_Sierra_Prieta-L85A2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Charles_Suilen_at_Sierra_Prieta-L85A2.jpg/500px-Charles_Suilen_at_Sierra_Prieta-L85A2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1968" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Marine_Corps" title="Netherlands Marine Corps">Royal Netherlands Marine Corps</a> captain aiming an L85A2 with SUSAT and polymer handguard</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SA80-A2_with_Underslung_Grenade_Launcher_(UGL)_MOD_45160296.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/SA80-A2_with_Underslung_Grenade_Launcher_%28UGL%29_MOD_45160296.jpg/250px-SA80-A2_with_Underslung_Grenade_Launcher_%28UGL%29_MOD_45160296.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/SA80-A2_with_Underslung_Grenade_Launcher_%28UGL%29_MOD_45160296.jpg/330px-SA80-A2_with_Underslung_Grenade_Launcher_%28UGL%29_MOD_45160296.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/SA80-A2_with_Underslung_Grenade_Launcher_%28UGL%29_MOD_45160296.jpg/500px-SA80-A2_with_Underslung_Grenade_Launcher_%28UGL%29_MOD_45160296.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4595" data-file-height="2325" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">L85A2 with Elcan LDS and L123 UGL, including Rapid Acquisition Aiming Module</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <b>L85 Rifle</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-AC718072011_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072011-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> referred to on occasion as the <b>L85 Individual Weapon (IW)</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the standard rifle for the British Armed Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When initially adopted for service, the L85's grenade-launching ability was fulfilled by then-conventional rifle grenades, namely the L74A1 <a href="/wiki/High-explosive_anti-tank" title="High-explosive anti-tank">high-explosive anti-tank</a> (HEAT) and L75A1 HEAT-APERS versions of the Luchaire grenade; when these experienced problems with premature detonation, the <a href="/wiki/Rifle_Grenade_General_Service" title="Rifle Grenade General Service">L85A1 HE grenade</a> was adopted in their place. Various underbarrel <a href="/wiki/Grenade_launcher" title="Grenade launcher">grenade launcher</a> models were trialled, including the <a href="/wiki/M203" class="mw-redirect" title="M203">M203</a> and a proprietary "Enfield Close Assault Weapon" developed by Royal Ordnance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201664_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201664-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was eventually decided that the <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_AG36" title="Heckler & Koch AG36">L17A2/L123</a> <a href="/wiki/40_mm_grenade#40×46_mm_LV_(40_mm_Low_Velocity)" class="mw-redirect" title="40 mm grenade">40mm</a> Underslung Grenade Launcher (UGL) should be adopted; this is issued on a scale of one per fireteam,<sup id="cite_ref-Infantry_Platoon_Tactics_09_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Infantry_Platoon_Tactics_09-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is used with fragmentation, <a href="/wiki/High-explosive_anti-tank#High-explosive_dual-purpose" title="High-explosive anti-tank">high-explosive dual-purpose</a> (HEDP), red phosphorus,<sup id="cite_ref-Rhien_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhien-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> white illuminating parachute, infra-red illuminating parachute, practice, and drill ammunition,<sup id="cite_ref-AC718072004_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072004-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC718072011_56-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072011-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with buckshot ammunition also being intended for adoption.<sup id="cite_ref-modl85_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-modl85-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The addition of the UGL adds another 1.12 kg to the L85A2's weight.<sup id="cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Light_Support_Weapon">Light Support Weapon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Light Support Weapon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:221px;max-width:221px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L86A2_LSW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/L86A2_LSW.jpg/217px-L86A2_LSW.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/L86A2_LSW.jpg/326px-L86A2_LSW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/L86A2_LSW.jpg/434px-L86A2_LSW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="812" data-file-height="547" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">L86A2 LSW</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kozacki_Step_80.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Kozacki_Step_80.jpg/250px-Kozacki_Step_80.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Kozacki_Step_80.jpg/330px-Kozacki_Step_80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Kozacki_Step_80.jpg/500px-Kozacki_Step_80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">British soldier providing instruction on the L86 to a Polish serviceman during the 2008 Kozacki Step exercises</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <b>L86 Light Support Weapon (LSW)</b> is a magazine-fed <a href="/wiki/Squad_automatic_weapon" title="Squad automatic weapon">squad automatic weapon</a> originally intended to provide fire support at a <a href="/wiki/Fireteam" title="Fireteam">fireteam</a> level. The weapon has a heavier, longer 646 millimetres (25.4 in) barrel than the rifle and features a shorter handguard with an integrated bipod protruding from the front.<sup id="cite_ref-modl86_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-modl86-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stock has a shoulder strap to take the weapon's weight in the prone position and a rear vertical grip for better control of the weapon when firing bursts. The weapon is otherwise identical to the L85 version on which it is based, and the same magazines and sighting systems are used.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71374_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to British Armed Forces use, the LSW was adopted by MOD-sponsored cadet organisations.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71807C_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71807C-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The increased barrel length, bipod and the optical performance of the SUSAT give the weapon excellent accuracy, increased muzzle velocity and greater effective range. From its inception, the L86 was a target of criticism on much the same basis as the L85.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The LSW has the additional issue of its inability to deliver sustained automatic fire as it lacks a belt feed. This is common with any light support weapon derived from a rifle, for example the heavy-barrel FN FAL.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the LSW was supposed to replace the L7A2 GPMG at the section level, the weapon's shortcomings meant that many units reverted to the GPMG, or held onto it if it had not already been replaced. The role of a LSW was ultimately filled by the <a href="/wiki/FN_Minimi" title="FN Minimi">FN Minimi</a>, known in service as the L110A1-A3 light machine gun, a belt fed weapon with a quick-change barrel in the same way as the GPMG.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201635_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201635-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Owing to its high level of accuracy in semi-automatic mode,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the primary use of the L86 shifted to that of a <a href="/wiki/Designated_marksman_rifle" title="Designated marksman rifle">designated marksman rifle</a> following the introduction of the L110A1.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was replaced in this role by the <a href="/wiki/L129A1" title="L129A1">L129A1</a> Sharpshooter Rifle.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The L86 was withdrawn from service in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-SOLDIERMAG_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SOLDIERMAG-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carbine">Carbine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Carbine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Somerset_Boarding_Team_Member_During_Exercise_MOD_45153732.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/HMS_Somerset_Boarding_Team_Member_During_Exercise_MOD_45153732.jpg/250px-HMS_Somerset_Boarding_Team_Member_During_Exercise_MOD_45153732.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/HMS_Somerset_Boarding_Team_Member_During_Exercise_MOD_45153732.jpg/330px-HMS_Somerset_Boarding_Team_Member_During_Exercise_MOD_45153732.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/HMS_Somerset_Boarding_Team_Member_During_Exercise_MOD_45153732.jpg/500px-HMS_Somerset_Boarding_Team_Member_During_Exercise_MOD_45153732.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2457" data-file-height="1992" /></a><figcaption>Royal Marines boarding team member with an L22 Carbine</figcaption></figure> <p>The length savings offered by the SA80's bullpup design meant that initially there were no plans for a carbine variant. By 1984, an extremely short prototype model was developed. The barrel terminated immediately in front of the pistol grip, which in combination with the lack of any sort of foregrip or handguard presented a risk of self-inflicted gunshot injuries if the firer's left hand was to slip forward. Two further prototypes appeared in 1989 and 1994. The former was slightly longer than the previous model at an overall length 556 mm (21.9 in) with a 289 mm (11.4 in) barrel and used the rear grip from the LSW as a foregrip, while the latter used a 17.4-inch barrel (442 mm) with an overall 709 mm (27.9 in) length and was fitted with the handguard from the LSW.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201624_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201624-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fourth attempt (2003–2004) is the only one to officially be adopted, being known as the <b>L22 Carbine</b> in British service. It resembles the 1989 model, including the foregrip which is now a purpose-made component which can be adjusted by the end user, but is constructed to A2 standards and has a 318 mm (12.5 in) barrel and an overall length of 565 mm. Around 1,500 were manufactured from surplus L86 LSWs. More were built with the increased demand, bringing the total to around 2,000.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201625_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201625-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shortened barrel means that the carbine is less accurate than the rifle variant, especially at longer ranges. The official manual gives an effective range of 200 m while stating that the weapon's effectiveness beyond this is entirely dependent on the firer's skill.<sup id="cite_ref-AC718072011_56-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072011-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The version that was finally accepted for service was introduced during the A2 upgrade programme<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - official documentation disagrees over whether to refer to the weapon as the L22A1<sup id="cite_ref-AC718072004_55-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072004-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC718072011_56-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC718072011-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or L22A2.<sup id="cite_ref-AC70166_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC70166-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially issued to tank and armoured vehicle crews for emergency action out of vehicle (<a href="/wiki/Personal_defense_weapon" title="Personal defense weapon">personal defense weapon</a> use), the L22's compact size has led it to being used by the Royal Marines Fleet Protection Group as well as helicopter pilots, <a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">armoured fighting vehicle</a> crews and dog handlers of all three service branches.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201625_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201625-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>20-round STANAG magazines were introduced to allow for a more compact weapon for use in <a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">AFVs</a> and other vehicles, but 30-round magazines are of course compatible.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cadet_General_Purpose_Rifle">Cadet General Purpose Rifle <span class="anchor" id="L98_Cadet_General_Purpose_Rifles"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cadet General Purpose Rifle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:221px;max-width:221px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L98_target_rifle.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/L98_target_rifle.JPG/217px-L98_target_rifle.JPG" decoding="async" width="217" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/L98_target_rifle.JPG/326px-L98_target_rifle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/L98_target_rifle.JPG/434px-L98_target_rifle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Sea_Cadets_(United_Kingdom)" title="Sea Cadets (United Kingdom)">Sea Cadet</a> firing the now-retired L98A1 Cadet GP Rifle</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L98_A2_DP_Rifle.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/L98_A2_DP_Rifle.JPG/217px-L98_A2_DP_Rifle.JPG" decoding="async" width="217" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/L98_A2_DP_Rifle.JPG/326px-L98_A2_DP_Rifle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/L98_A2_DP_Rifle.JPG/434px-L98_A2_DP_Rifle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">L103A2 Drill Purpose version of the L98A2 Cadet GP Rifle. This particular example lacks the front sight post.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <b>L98 Cadet General Purpose (GP) Rifle</b> is used for weapons training by the <a href="/wiki/Combined_Cadet_Force" title="Combined Cadet Force">Combined Cadet Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/Community_Cadet_Forces" title="Community Cadet Forces">Community Cadet Forces</a>. The L98A2 is identical to the L85A2 rifle save for the absence of fully automatic capability and a plain foresight blade without a tritium insert.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201624_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201624-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The initial L98A1 version was introduced in 1987 to replace the <a href="/wiki/.303_British" title=".303 British">.303</a> <a href="/wiki/Lee%E2%80%93Enfield#Rifle_No_4_Mk_I" title="Lee–Enfield">Lee–Enfield No 4 rifles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bren_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Bren gun">.303 Bren guns</a> in the Army Cadet Force, which had not been replaced by the <a href="/wiki/L1A1_Self-Loading_Rifle" title="L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle">SLR</a> owing to that weapon's weight and recoil being deemed as too much for young cadets.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The GP Rifle had no such problems,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201624_77-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201624-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its suitability for cadet use was emphasised in official documentation.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71462_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71462-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Air_Training_Corps" title="Air Training Corps">Air Training Corps</a> it replaced the <a href="/wiki/L1A1_Self-Loading_Rifle" title="L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle">SLR</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> which had been adopted and had replaced the <a href="/wiki/Lee%E2%80%93Enfield#Rifle_No_4_Mk_I" title="Lee–Enfield">Lee–Enfield No 4 rifles</a> previously used. It was similar to the L85A1 but lacked the gas components, instead being a manually operated, <a href="/wiki/Single-shot" title="Single-shot">single-shot</a> weapon, with a cocking handle extension piece mounted on the right side of the weapon for this purpose. It was also distinguishable by the absence of a flash eliminator and only being fitted with standard iron sights. </p><p>The L98A1 rifle began a phased decommission in early 2009 in favour of the updated L98A2 version;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Both Cadet GP Rifle variants also have a drill purpose version designated as the L103, used for teaching cadets the basics of the weapon they are handling and for rifle drill; this SA80 variant has been modified so as to render it a deactivated weapon and make subsequent reactivation uneconomical. It can be distinguished from live weapons by the use of a white cheek piece and handguard top cover, the bolt carrier assembly being painted red, and the letters 'DP' (Drill Purpose) being present towards the rear of the weapon.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2018 a number of cadet weapons were stolen, and some later recovered after a theft in the North of England. This lead to a review of the rules around the cadet forces use and storage of such weapons. 25455035<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L402A1_0.22_Small_Bore_Rifle">L402A1 0.22 Small Bore Rifle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: L402A1 0.22 Small Bore Rifle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/.22_Long_Rifle" class="mw-redirect" title=".22 Long Rifle">.22 Rimfire</a> calibre based on the L85A2 was developed by Heckler & Koch in 2021. This rifle's operation is simple blow-back with both its mechanism and magazine similar to that of the L41A1 ‘Kit Conversion’.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conflicts">Conflicts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Conflicts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The SA80 has been used in all conflicts in which the British Armed Forces have been involved since its introduction in the early 1980s. Deployments include the following:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201626–39_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201626–39-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Banner" title="Operation Banner">Operation Banner</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Granby" title="Operation Granby">Operation Granby</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a> (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Grapple_(Yugoslavia)" title="Operation Grapple (Yugoslavia)">Operation Grapple</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Sierra Leone Civil War">Sierra Leone Civil War</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_military_intervention_in_the_Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="British military intervention in the Sierra Leone Civil War">Operation Palliser</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a> (Operations <a href="/wiki/Operation_Veritas" title="Operation Veritas">Veritas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Jacana" title="Operation Jacana">Jacana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Herrick" title="Operation Herrick">Herrick</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Toral" title="Operation Toral">Toral</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Telic" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Telic">Operation Telic</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Users">Users</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Users"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SA80_Users.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/SA80_Users.png/250px-SA80_Users.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/SA80_Users.png/330px-SA80_Users.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/SA80_Users.png/500px-SA80_Users.png 2x" data-file-width="6460" data-file-height="3403" /></a><figcaption>A map with SA80 users in blue</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>: Used by <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Islamic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghan</a> NDS and Commandos during the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Captured by the Taliban<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>: Sold as part of British military aid;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> used by special military and police units.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/40px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/60px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>: Used since 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a>: Sold as part of British military aid.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></span></span>   </span><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>: Sold as part of British military aid.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a>: Sold as part of British military aid.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>: L85, L86, and L22 variants standard issue to the British Armed Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71374_28-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L98 and L86 variants standard issue to the <a href="/wiki/Community_Cadet_Forces" title="Community Cadet Forces">Community Cadet Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Combined_Cadet_Force" title="Combined Cadet Force">Combined Cadet Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AC71462_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC71462-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="British Overseas Territory">British Overseas Territory</a>): 400 L85A2 rifles donated by the UK Ministry of Defence to the Royal Bermuda Regiment in August 2015;<sup id="cite_ref-royalgazette.com_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-royalgazette.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> small stocks held before then for familiarisation purposes.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a> (British Overseas Territory): Adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_Defence_Force" title="Falkland Islands Defence Force">Falkland Islands Defence Force</a> in 2019 to replace the <a href="/wiki/Steyr_AUG" title="Steyr AUG">Steyr AUG</a><sup id="cite_ref-FIDFFB_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FIDFFB-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/60px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> (British Overseas Territory): Standard issue to the Royal Gibraltar Regiment</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">British Hong Kong</a>: Used by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hong_Kong_Regiment" title="Royal Hong Kong Regiment">Royal Hong Kong Regiment</a> until 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-RHKR_Weapon_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHKR_Weapon-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>: Used by Ukrainian forces in joint British and Ukraine training.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/60px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>: Sold as part of British military aid.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-state_users">Non-state users</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Non-state users"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism#Paramilitary_and_vigilante_groups" title="Ulster loyalism">Loyalist paramilitaries</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Association" title="Ulster Defence Association">Ulster Defence Association</a><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Volunteer_Force" title="Ulster Volunteer Force">Ulster Volunteer Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Boys" title="West Side Boys">West Side Boys</a>, Sierra Leone: Weapons taken from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Irish_Regiment_(1992)" title="Royal Irish Regiment (1992)">Royal Irish Regiment</a> patrol captured on <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barras#Capture_of_the_Royal_Irish_patrol" title="Operation Barras">25 August 2000</a><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (July 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Other bullpup assault rifles</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steyr_AUG" title="Steyr AUG">AUG</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Austria</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FN_F2000" title="FN F2000">FN F2000</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Belgium</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QBZ-95" title="QBZ-95">QBZ-95</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">China</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HS_Produkt_VHS" title="HS Produkt VHS">HS Produkt VHS</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Croatia</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAMAS" title="FAMAS">FAMAS</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">France</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusil_Autom%C3%A1tico_Doble" title="Fusil Automático Doble">Fusil Automático Doble</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Peru</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KH-2002" title="KH-2002">Khaybar</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Iran</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWI_Tavor" title="IWI Tavor">IWI Tavor</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Israel</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR_21" title="SAR 21">SAR 21</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Singapore</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malyuk" title="Malyuk">Malyuk</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Ukraine</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFAR_22" title="IFAR 22">IFAR 22</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">Indonesia</span>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">the British activities named <a href="/wiki/Operation_Granby" title="Operation Granby">Operation Granby</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">officially entitled "Equipment Performance (SA80) During Operation Granby (The Gulf War)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">over 31,500 MRBF for L85A2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">485 rounds fired for every stoppage</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201673-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201673_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MoD_Army_PDF-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MoD_Army_PDF_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101119164824/http://www.army.mod.uk/documents/general/285986_ARMY_VEHICLESEQUIPMENT_V12.PDF_web.pdf">"British Army Vehicles and Equipment"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. MoD. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mod.uk/documents/general/285986_ARMY_VEHICLESEQUIPMENT_V12.PDF_web.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 19 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Army+Vehicles+and+Equipment&rft.pub=MoD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mod.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fgeneral%2F285986_ARMY_VEHICLESEQUIPMENT_V12.PDF_web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.army.mod.uk/equipment/small-arms-and-support-weapons/#tabs_b3f165d4-72df-43e1-8f03-b1bb655b256c">"SMALL ARMS AND SUPPORT WEAPONS"</a>. <i>army.mod.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=army.mod.uk&rft.atitle=SMALL+ARMS+AND+SUPPORT+WEAPONS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mod.uk%2Fequipment%2Fsmall-arms-and-support-weapons%2F%23tabs_b3f165d4-72df-43e1-8f03-b1bb655b256c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant20164-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant20164_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.army.mod.uk/learn-and-explore/equipment/small-arms-and-support-weapons">"Small arms and support weapons | The British Army"</a>. <i>www.army.mod.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.army.mod.uk&rft.atitle=Small+arms+and+support+weapons+%7C+The+British+Army&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mod.uk%2Flearn-and-explore%2Fequipment%2Fsmall-arms-and-support-weapons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCashner2013" class="citation book cs1">Cashner, Bob (2013). <i>The FN FAL Battle Rifle</i>. Osprey Publishing. p. 6-15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78096-904-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78096-904-6"><bdi>978-1-78096-904-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+FN+FAL+Battle+Rifle&rft.pages=6-15&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-78096-904-6&rft.aulast=Cashner&rft.aufirst=Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OffTarget-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OffTarget_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OffTarget_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeek2002" class="citation cs2">Meek, James (10 October 2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/oct/10/military.jamesmeek">"Off Target"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Off+Target&rft.date=2002-10-10&rft.aulast=Meek&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2002%2Foct%2F10%2Fmilitary.jamesmeek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoggWeeks1981" class="citation cs2">Hogg, Ian V.; Weeks, John (1981), <i>Military Small Arms of the 20th Century</i> (4th ed.), DBI Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-910676-28-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-910676-28-1"><bdi>978-0-910676-28-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+Small+Arms+of+the+20th+Century&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=DBI+Books&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-910676-28-1&rft.aulast=Hogg&rft.aufirst=Ian+V.&rft.au=Weeks%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140612010558/http://www.armalite.com/images/Library/History.pdf"><i>A Historical Review of Armalite</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, ArmaLite Inc., 4 January 2010, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armalite.com/images/Library\History.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 June 2014</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Historical+Review+of+Armalite&rft.pub=ArmaLite+Inc.&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.armalite.com%2Fimages%2FLibrary%5CHistory.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnstonNelson" class="citation cs2">Johnston, Gary Paul; Nelson, Thomas B., "Chapter 29 Great Britain", <i>The World's Assault Rifles</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+29+Great+Britain&rft.btitle=The+World%27s+Assault+Rifles&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Gary+Paul&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Thomas+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forgottenweapons.com/sa80-history-the-first-mockups-sterling-and-stoner/">"SA80 History: The First Mockups (Sterling and Stoner)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forgotten_Weapons" title="Forgotten Weapons">Forgotten Weapons</a></i>. 5 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forgotten+Weapons&rft.atitle=SA80+History%3A+The+First+Mockups+%28Sterling+and+Stoner%29&rft.date=2017-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forgottenweapons.com%2Fsa80-history-the-first-mockups-sterling-and-stoner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The World's Assault Rifles by Gary Paul Johnston, Thomas B. Nelson, Chapter 67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcCollum2017" class="citation web cs1">McCollum, Ian (13 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forgottenweapons.com/sa80-history-xl70-series-final-prototypes-individual-weapon-and-lsw/">"SA80 History: XL70 Series Final Prototypes (Individual Weapon and LSW)"</a>. <i>forgottenweapons.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=forgottenweapons.com&rft.atitle=SA80+History%3A+XL70+Series+Final+Prototypes+%28Individual+Weapon+and+LSW%29&rft.date=2017-05-13&rft.aulast=McCollum&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forgottenweapons.com%2Fsa80-history-xl70-series-final-prototypes-individual-weapon-and-lsw%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Watters-Chronology-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Watters-Chronology_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Watters-Chronology_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWetters-Chronology" class="citation web cs1">Wetters-Chronology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070504085923/http://www.thegunzone.com/556dw-3.html">"The 5.56 X 45mm: 1974–1985 – A Chronology of Development"</a>. <i>Daniel Watters, The Gun Zone</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thegunzone.com/556dw-3.html">the original</a> on 4 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daniel+Watters%2C+The+Gun+Zone&rft.atitle=The+5.56+X+45mm%3A+1974%E2%80%931985+%E2%80%93+A+Chronology+of+Development&rft.au=Wetters-Chronology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegunzone.com%2F556dw-3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_SA80.html">"SA80 (Small Arms for the 1980s): The Sorry Saga of the British Bulldog's Bullpup"</a>. <i>www.historyofwar.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.historyofwar.org&rft.atitle=SA80+%28Small+Arms+for+the+1980s%29%3A+The+Sorry+Saga+of+the+British+Bulldog%27s+Bullpup&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyofwar.org%2Farticles%2Fweapons_SA80.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2013_16-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2013">Williams 2013</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant2016-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant2016_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant2016_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201674-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201674_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOI201503633-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOI201503633_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/492755/20150427-FOI2015_03633_L98A1_Rifle-O_revised.pdf">"FOI2015_03633 Memo"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Ministry of Defence</i>. 28 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+Defence&rft.atitle=FOI2015_03633+Memo&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F492755%2F20150427-FOI2015_03633_L98A1_Rifle-O_revised.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bernews.com/2013/01/photos-regiment-weapons-demonstration/">"Photos Of Bermuda Regiment Weapons Demonstration"</a>. <i>Bernews</i>. 14 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bernews&rft.atitle=Photos+Of+Bermuda+Regiment+Weapons+Demonstration&rft.date=2013-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbernews.com%2F2013%2F01%2Fphotos-regiment-weapons-demonstration%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span> Photographs 27 and 28 of 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-royalgazette.com-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-royalgazette.com_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-royalgazette.com_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20150805/NEWS/150809844">"Rifles worth $1.4m donated to Regiment"</a>. <i>The Royal Gazette: Bermuda News</i>. 5 August 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Royal+Gazette%3A+Bermuda+News&rft.atitle=Rifles+worth+%241.4m+donated+to+Regiment&rft.date=2015-08-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalgazette.com%2Farticle%2F20150805%2FNEWS%2F150809844&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110815045503/http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Amphibious-and-Special-Forces/Special-Forces-Land-Falkland-Islands.html">"Special Forces (Land) (Falkland Islands), Amphibious and special forces"</a>. <i>Jane's Amphibious and Special Forces</i>. 25 November 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Amphibious-and-Special-Forces/Special-Forces-Land-Falkland-Islands.html">the original</a> on 15 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jane%27s+Amphibious+and+Special+Forces&rft.atitle=Special+Forces+%28Land%29+%28Falkland+Islands%29%2C+Amphibious+and+special+forces&rft.date=2010-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.janes.com%2Farticles%2FJanes-Amphibious-and-Special-Forces%2FSpecial-Forces-Land-Falkland-Islands.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MJ-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MJ_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWatters" class="citation web cs1">Watters, Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100104174808/http://thegunzone.com/556dw-10.html">"The 5.56 X 45mm: 1990–1994"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thegunzone.com/556dw-10.html">the original</a> on 4 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+5.56+X+45mm%3A+1990%E2%80%931994&rft.aulast=Watters&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegunzone.com%2F556dw-10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201675-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201675_24-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201649-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201649_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IHpg158-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IHpg158_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IHpg158_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoggWeeks1991" class="citation book cs1">Hogg, Ian; Weeks, John (1991). <i>Military Small Arms of the 20th Century</i>. London: Arms and Armour Press. p. 158. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-854-09034-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-854-09034-8"><bdi>978-1-854-09034-8</bdi></a>. <q>[...] the first five years of this rifle's service have been disastrous. A number of manufacturing defects showed up in service conditions, and it was not until the closure of the RSAF at Enfield and the setting up of an entirely new production line, with new computer-controlled machine tools, at the new RSAF Nottingham, that the quality of the production weapons began to improve. It will take some time for the poor reputation gained by the initial issue weapons to be overcome; the only consolation is that the same sort of thing has happened to other military rifles in the past, and they have managed to live down their early reputation and prove their innate reliability. It is to be hoped that the L85A1 will do as well.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+Small+Arms+of+the+20th+Century&rft.place=London&rft.pages=158&rft.pub=Arms+and+Armour+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-1-854-09034-8&rft.aulast=Hogg&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.au=Weeks%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lastenfield-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lastenfield_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lastenfield_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lastenfield_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRaw2003" class="citation book cs1">Raw, Steve (2003). <i>The Last Enfield – SA80: The Reluctant Rifle</i>. Cobourg: Collector Grade Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-889-35303-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-889-35303-9"><bdi>978-0-889-35303-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Enfield+%E2%80%93+SA80%3A+The+Reluctant+Rifle&rft.place=Cobourg&rft.pub=Collector+Grade+Publications&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-889-35303-9&rft.aulast=Raw&rft.aufirst=Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AC71374-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AC71374_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC71374_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC71374_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC71374_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC71374_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC71374_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC71374_28-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Infantry Training Volume II, Pamphlet No. 6 The SA 80 Rifle and Light Support Weapon (LSW) (All Arms)</i>. Ministry of Defence. 1988. AC71374.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Infantry+Training+Volume+II%2C+Pamphlet+No.+6+The+SA+80+Rifle+and+Light+Support+Weapon+%28LSW%29+%28All+Arms%29&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Defence&rft.date=1988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201630-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201630_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian2-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guardian2_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeek2002" class="citation cs2">Meek, James (10 October 2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/oct/10/military.jamesmeek">"Off Target"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Off+Target&rft.date=2002-10-10&rft.aulast=Meek&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2002%2Foct%2F10%2Fmilitary.jamesmeek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">for example the <a href="/wiki/Bremner,_Bird_and_Fortune" title="Bremner, Bird and Fortune">Bremner, Bird and Fortune</a> satirical comedy documentary <i>Between Iraq and a Hard Place</i> included the line: "The SA80 is a lethal weapon, especially for anyone trying to fire it", similar to a description of the Vietnam War era M16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1990/jul/17/the-defence-estimates-1990">"The Defence Estimates 1990"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. 17 July 1990<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.atitle=The+Defence+Estimates+1990&rft.date=1990-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.parliament.uk%2Fhistoric-hansard%2Flords%2F1990%2Fjul%2F17%2Fthe-defence-estimates-1990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRyan2011" class="citation book cs1">Ryan, Chris (2011). <i><a href="/wiki/The_One_That_Got_Away_(book)" title="The One That Got Away (book)">The One That Got Away</a></i>. London: Arrow Books. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-099-55667-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-099-55667-1"><bdi>978-0-099-55667-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+One+That+Got+Away&rft.place=London&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Arrow+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-099-55667-1&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201628-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201628_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201628_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theflyingscotsman91.blogspot.com/2013/01/the-story-of-sa80-assault-rifle-and.html">"The Story of the SA80 assault rifle - and a reflection on British military procurement disaster"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+the+SA80+assault+rifle+-+and+a+reflection+on+British+military+procurement+disaster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheflyingscotsman91.blogspot.com%2F2013%2F01%2Fthe-story-of-sa80-assault-rifle-and.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guardian_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardian_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHastings2004" class="citation news cs1">Hastings, Max (31 July 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/jul/31/military.uk">"Don't Buy British"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Don%27t+Buy+British&rft.date=2004-07-31&rft.aulast=Hastings&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2004%2Fjul%2F31%2Fmilitary.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-modl85-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-modl85_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-modl85_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151210174925/http://www.army.mod.uk/equipment/23222.aspx">"SA80 individual weapon"</a>. Army.mod.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mod.uk/equipment/23222.aspx">the original</a> on 10 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SA80+individual+weapon&rft.pub=Army.mod.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mod.uk%2Fequipment%2F23222.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201631-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201631_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2016">Grant 2016</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarding2001" class="citation news cs1">Harding, Thomas (16 October 2001). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1359559/Rifles-up-dated-in-time-for-invasion.html">"Rifles up-dated in time for invasion"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1359559/Rifles-up-dated-in-time-for-invasion.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Rifles+up-dated+in+time+for+invasion&rft.date=2001-10-16&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F1359559%2FRifles-up-dated-in-time-for-invasion.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eda.europa.eu/procurement-gateway">"Supply of Handguards and Downgrips for SA80A2"</a>. 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L85A3 prototype photos released to public"</a>. <i>The Firearm Blog</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rhkr.org&rft.atitle=RHKR+Equipment+-+Weapons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhkr.org%2Fequipment%2Fweapon.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoss2022" class="citation news cs1">Moss, Matthew (9 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2022/08/09/ukrainian-troops-british-sa80s/">"Ukrainian Troops with British SA80s"</a>. <i>the Firearm Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=the+Firearm+Blog&rft.atitle=Ukrainian+Troops+with+British+SA80s&rft.date=2022-08-09&rft.aulast=Moss&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefirearmblog.com%2Fblog%2F2022%2F08%2F09%2Fukrainian-troops-british-sa80s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFde_Silva2012" class="citation book cs1">de Silva, Desmond (12 December 2012). <i>The Report of the Patrick Finucane Review</i>. London: TSO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780102981087" title="Special:BookSources/9780102981087"><bdi>9780102981087</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Report+of+the+Patrick+Finucane+Review&rft.place=London&rft.pub=TSO&rft.date=2012-12-12&rft.isbn=9780102981087&rft.aulast=de+Silva&rft.aufirst=Desmond&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOpinion2010" class="citation news cs1">Opinion (14 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/why-death-of-king-rat-is-dark-and-dirty-riddle-28558816.html">"Why death of King Rat is dark and dirty riddle"</a>. <i>Belfast Telegraph</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Why+death+of+King+Rat+is+dark+and+dirty+riddle&rft.date=2010-09-14&rft.au=Opinion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fwhy-death-of-king-rat-is-dark-and-dirty-riddle-28558816.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLewis2005" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Damien (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=plVwDwAAQBAJ"><i>Operation Certain Death</i></a>. London: Arrow Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-099-46642-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-099-46642-0"><bdi>978-0-099-46642-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Operation+Certain+Death&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Arrow+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-099-46642-0&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Damien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DplVwDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFerguson2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Ferguson" title="Jonathan Ferguson">Ferguson, Jonathan S.</a> (2021). <i>Thorneycroft to SA80: British Bullpup Firearms 1901–2020</i>. Nashville, Tennessee: Headstamp Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7334246-2-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7334246-2-2"><bdi>978-1-7334246-2-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thorneycroft+to+SA80%3A+British+Bullpup+Firearms+1901%E2%80%932020&rft.place=Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Headstamp+Publishing&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-7334246-2-2&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGrant2016" class="citation book cs1">Grant, Neil (2016). <i>SA80 Assault Rifles</i>. <a href="/wiki/Osprey_Publishing" title="Osprey Publishing">Osprey Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4728-1104-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4728-1104-2"><bdi>978-1-4728-1104-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=SA80+Assault+Rifles&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-4728-1104-2&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Neil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRaw2003" class="citation book cs1">Raw, Steve (2003). <i>The Last Enfield SA80: The Reluctant Rifle</i>. Canada: Cobourg: Collector Grade Publications Incorporated. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88935-303-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-88935-303-4"><bdi>0-88935-303-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Enfield+SA80%3A+The+Reluctant+Rifle&rft.place=Canada&rft.pub=Cobourg%3A+Collector+Grade+Publications+Incorporated&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-88935-303-4&rft.aulast=Raw&rft.aufirst=Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Infantry Training Volume II, Pamphlet No. 5 The SA80 A2 (5.56 mm) System (Rifle, Light Support Weapon and Carbine) and Associated Equipment</i>. Ministry of Defence. 2011. AC71807.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Infantry+Training+Volume+II%2C+Pamphlet+No.+5+The+SA80+A2+%285.56+mm%29+System+%28Rifle%2C+Light+Support+Weapon+and+Carbine%29+and+Associated+Equipment&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Defence&rft.date=2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Cadet Training, The L98A2 Cadet GP Rifle (5.56 mm), L86A2 Light Support Weapon and Associated Equipment</i>. Ministry of Defence. 2014. AC71807-C.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cadet+Training%2C+The+L98A2+Cadet+GP+Rifle+%285.56+mm%29%2C+L86A2+Light+Support+Weapon+and+Associated+Equipment&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Defence&rft.date=2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2013" class="citation cs2">Williams, Anthony G. (April 2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221123175126/https://www.quarryhs.co.uk/SA80.htm">"SA80: Mistake Or Maligned – And What Next?"</a>, <i>Military Guns & Ammunition</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quarryhs.co.uk/SA80.htm">the original</a> on 23 November 2022</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Guns+%26+Ammunition&rft.atitle=SA80%3A+Mistake+Or+Maligned+%E2%80%93+And+What+Next%3F&rft.date=2013-04&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Anthony+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quarryhs.co.uk%2FSA80.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA80&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SA80" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:SA80">SA80</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Ferguson2017" class="citation cs2">Jonathan Ferguson (13 May 2017), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230522222248/https://armamentresearch.com/british-enfield-sa80-part-3-xl70-series/"><i>British Enfield SA80 Part 3: XL70 series</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armamentresearch.com/british-enfield-sa80-part-3-xl70-series/">the original</a> on 22 May 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Enfield+SA80+Part+3%3A+XL70+series&rft.date=2017-05-13&rft.au=Jonathan+Ferguson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmamentresearch.com%2Fbritish-enfield-sa80-part-3-xl70-series%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASA80" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL9e3UCcU00TTKZGYyt7empeySNqh-xJWb">SA80 development from wooden mockups, XL60, XL70, XL85 & XL86 prototypes, to most recent versions</a> playlist of YouTube videos by <a href="/wiki/Forgotten_Weapons" title="Forgotten Weapons">Forgotten Weapons</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mod.uk/equipment/23222.aspx">SA80 A2 L85 Individual Weapon</a> at Army.mod.uk</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230522222251/http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_SA80.html">"SA80 (Small Arms for the 1980s): The Sorry Saga of the British Bulldog's Bullpup"</a> at historyofwar.org</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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4em"><a href="/wiki/Armalite_AR-16" title="Armalite AR-16">Armalite AR-16</a>/<a href="/wiki/AR-18" class="mw-redirect" title="AR-18">AR-18</a> derivatives</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battle_rifle" title="Battle rifle">Battle rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArmaLite_AR-16" class="mw-redirect" title="ArmaLite AR-16">ArmaLite AR-16</a></li> <li>K&M Arms .308</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">Assault rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArmaLite_AR-18" title="ArmaLite AR-18">ArmaLite AR-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ArmaLite_AR-100" title="ArmaLite AR-100">ArmaLite AR-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howa_Type_89" title="Howa Type 89">Howa Type 89</a></li> <li>Pindad SS77</li> <li>Selrahc Model 7</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR-80" class="mw-redirect" title="SAR-80">SAR-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_SAR-87" title="Sterling SAR-87">Sterling SAR-87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR-88" class="mw-redirect" title="SR-88">SR-88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_Dynamics_Series_T2_MK5" title="Leader Dynamics Series T2 MK5">T2 MK5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bullpup_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullpup rifle">Bullpup rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SA80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushmaster_M17" class="mw-redirect" title="Bushmaster M17">Bushmaster M17</a></li> <li>K&M Arms M17S556</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_rifle" title="Semi-automatic rifle">Semi-automatic rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArmaLite_AR-180" class="mw-redirect" title="ArmaLite AR-180">ArmaLite AR-180</a></li> <li>Rudd Arms AR-180</li> <li>MPAR-556</li> <li>Skeli X11</li> <li>Serbu Diabolus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_V18" title="Vulcan V18">Vulcan V18</a></li> <li>WK180C</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">Sniper rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Leader 50 A1</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_Armed_Forces_individual_weapons_and_cartridges,_with_L_numbering358" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cdc;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ModernUKInfWeaponsNav" title="Template:ModernUKInfWeaponsNav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ModernUKInfWeaponsNav" title="Template talk:ModernUKInfWeaponsNav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ModernUKInfWeaponsNav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ModernUKInfWeaponsNav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_Armed_Forces_individual_weapons_and_cartridges,_with_L_numbering358" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">British Armed Forces</a> individual weapons and cartridges, with <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_weapon_L_numbers" title="List of British weapon L numbers">L numbering</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pistol" title="Pistol">Pistols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glock#9×19mm_Parabellum" title="Glock">L131A1 (Glock 17)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">Assault rifles</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Carbine" title="Carbine">carbines</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Designated_marksman_rifle" title="Designated marksman rifle">Designated marksman rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">L85A3 (SA80)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#L22_carbine">L22A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L129A1" title="L129A1">L129A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Machine_and_Tool_Company#United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis Machine and Tool Company">L129A2 (Sharpshooter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colt_Canada_C7_and_C8#C8SFW" title="Colt Canada C7 and C8">L119A1 (C8 Carbine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-1_rifle" title="KS-1 rifle">L403A1 (KS-1)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">Sniper rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_International_Arctic_Warfare#AWC_(Arctic_Warfare_Covert)" title="Accuracy International Arctic Warfare">Arctic Warfare Covert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_International_AWM" title="Accuracy International AWM">L115A3, L115A4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AW50F" class="mw-redirect" title="AW50F">L121A1 (AW50)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrett_M82" title="Barrett M82">L82A1 (Barrett .50 Cal)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">Submachine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_MP5" title="Heckler & Koch MP5">L80A1 (MP5K), L90A1 (MP5K A1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_MP5" title="Heckler & Koch MP5">L91A1 (MP5 A2/A3), L92A1 (MP5 SD2/SD3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LWRC_M6#M6A2" title="LWRC M6">Special Forces UCIW</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">Shotguns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Remington_Model_870" title="Remington Model 870">L74A1 (Remington 870)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benelli_M4" title="Benelli M4">L128A1 (Benelli M4)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FN_MAG" title="FN MAG">L7A2 (GPMG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M2_Browning" title="M2 Browning">L2A1 (M2HB), L111A1 (M2HB-QCB)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grenade_launcher" title="Grenade launcher">Grenade launchers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_AG36" title="Heckler & Koch AG36">L17A1/A2 (UGL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARWEN_37" title="ARWEN 37">L67A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_GMG" title="Heckler & Koch GMG">L134A1 (GMG)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rocket_launchers" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocket launchers">Rocket launchers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MATADOR" title="MATADOR">MATADOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_8.4cm_recoilless_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Gustaf 8.4cm recoilless rifle">Carl Gustaf M4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT4" title="AT4">L142A1 (AT4CS HP)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">Missiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NLAW" title="NLAW">NLAW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FGM-148_Javelin" title="FGM-148 Javelin">Javelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starstreak" title="Starstreak">Starstreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martlet_(missile)" title="Martlet (missile)">Lightweight Multirole Missile (Martlet)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">Mortars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L16_81mm_mortar" title="L16 81mm mortar">L16A2 81mm mortar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern cartridges used</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5.56%C3%9745mm_NATO" title="5.56×45mm NATO">5.56×45mm NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6.5mm_Creedmoor" title="6.5mm Creedmoor">6.5mm Creedmoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9751mm_NATO" title="7.62×51mm NATO">7.62×51mm NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.50_BMG" title=".50 BMG">12.7×99mm NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.338_Lapua_Magnum" title=".338 Lapua Magnum">.338 Lapua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9%C3%9719mm_Parabellum" title="9×19mm Parabellum">9×19mm Parabellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_gauge_shotgun" class="mw-redirect" title="12 gauge shotgun">12 gauge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bullpup_firearms155" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bullpup_firearms" title="Template:Bullpup firearms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bullpup_firearms" title="Template talk:Bullpup firearms"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bullpup_firearms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bullpup firearms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bullpup_firearms155" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bullpup" title="Bullpup">Bullpup firearms</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">Rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-91" title="A-91">A-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Individual_Combat_Weapon" title="Advanced Individual Combat Weapon">Advanced Individual Combat Weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armtech_C30R" title="Armtech C30R">Armtech C30R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASh-12.7" class="mw-redirect" title="ASh-12.7">ASh-12.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADS_amphibious_rifle" title="ADS amphibious rifle">ADS amphibious rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BR18" title="BR18">BR18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushmaster_M17S" title="Bushmaster M17S">Bushmaster M17S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Tech_MDR" title="Desert Tech MDR">Desert Tech MDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EM-2_rifle" title="EM-2 rifle">EM-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EM-2_rifle" title="EM-2 rifle">EM-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EM-4_rifle" title="EM-4 rifle">EM-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMER-K1" title="EMER-K1">EMER-K1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAMAS" title="FAMAS">FAMAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FB_MSBS_Grot" title="FB MSBS Grot">FB MSBS Grot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FN_F2000" title="FN F2000">FN F2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grad_AR" title="Grad AR">Grad AR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_G11" title="Heckler & Koch G11">Heckler & Koch G11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HS_Produkt_VHS" title="HS Produkt VHS">HS Produkt VHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFAR_22" title="IFAR 22">IFAR 22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWI_Tavor" title="IWI Tavor">Tavor TAR-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWI_Tavor_X95" title="IWI Tavor X95">Tavor X95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWI_Tavor_7" title="IWI Tavor 7">IWI Tavor 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdynamics_MKR" title="Interdynamics MKR">Interdynamics MKR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-3_(rifle)" title="K-3 (rifle)">K-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAL1_general_purpose_infantry_rifle" title="KAL1 general purpose infantry rifle">KAL1 GPIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kel-Tec_RDB" title="Kel-Tec RDB">Kel-Tec RDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kel-Tec_RFB" title="Kel-Tec RFB">Kel-Tec RFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KH-2002" title="KH-2002">KH-2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L64/65" title="L64/65">L64/65</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#L85_Rifle">L85</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#L86_LSW">L86 LSW</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#L98_Cadet_General_Purpose_Rifles">L98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesterov_assault_rifle#LA-1" title="Nesterov assault rifle">LA-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesterov_assault_rifle#LA-4" title="Nesterov assault rifle">LA-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAPA_FA-03" title="LAPA FA-03">LAPA FA-03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magpul_PDR" title="Magpul PDR">Magpul PDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malyuk" title="Malyuk">Malyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MR-C" title="MR-C">MR-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_45A" title="Model 45A">Model 45A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustafs_Stads_Gev%C3%A4rsfaktori" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Gustafs Stads Gevärsfaktori">NIVA XM1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norinco_Type_86S" title="Norinco Type 86S">Norinco Type 86S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTs-14_Groza" title="OTs-14 Groza">OTs-14 Groza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAPOP" title="PAPOP">PAPOP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindad_SS2_Bullpup" class="mw-redirect" title="Pindad SS2 Bullpup">Pindad SS2 Bullpup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QBZ-95" title="QBZ-95">QBZ-95</a> (<a href="/wiki/DI_MA-1_Mk._III" title="DI MA-1 Mk. III">DI MA-1 Mk. III</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%26T_Daewoo_XK8" title="S&T Daewoo XK8">S&T Daewoo XK8</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SA80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR_21" title="SAR 21">SAR 21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieg_automatic_rifle" title="Sieg automatic rifle">Sieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_Hellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Springfield Hellion">Springfield Hellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steyr_ACR" title="Steyr ACR">Steyr ACR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steyr_AUG" title="Steyr AUG">Steyr AUG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STG-556" title="STG-556">STG-556</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TKB-011" title="TKB-011">TKB-011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TKB-0146" title="TKB-0146">TKB-0146</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TKB-022PM" title="TKB-022PM">TKB-022PM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TKB-059" title="TKB-059">TKB-059</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TKB-408" title="TKB-408">TKB-408</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_HK33#Variants" title="Heckler & Koch HK33">Type 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmet_M82" title="Valmet M82">Valmet M82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VB_Berapi_LP06" title="VB Berapi LP06">VB Berapi LP06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vektor_CR-21" title="Vektor CR-21">Vektor CR-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vepr" title="Vepr">Vepr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waffenfabrik_Bern" title="Waffenfabrik Bern">W+F C42 (Stgw 90 "kurz Version C 2")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_G22" title="Walther G22">Walther G22</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AUG_A1_508mm_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/AUG_A1_508mm_04.jpg/100px-AUG_A1_508mm_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/AUG_A1_508mm_04.jpg/150px-AUG_A1_508mm_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/AUG_A1_508mm_04.jpg/200px-AUG_A1_508mm_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="217" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carbine" title="Carbine">Carbines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGM-1_carbine" title="AGM-1 carbine">AGM-1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#L22A1_and_L22A2_Carbines">L22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorneycroft_carbine" title="Thorneycroft carbine">Thorneycroft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pecheneg_machine_gun#Variants" class="mw-redirect" title="Pecheneg machine gun">Pecheneg Bullpup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QBZ-95#QBB-95_LSW_(Light_Support_Weapon)" title="QBZ-95">QBB-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR_21#Variants" title="SAR 21">SAR 21 LMG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steyr_AUG#Variants" title="Steyr AUG">Steyr AUG HBAR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">Submachine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FN_P90" title="FN P90">FN P90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWI_Tavor_X95" title="IWI Tavor X95">Tavor X95 SMG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JS_9_mm" title="JS 9 mm">JS 9 mm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QCW-05" title="QCW-05">QCW-05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steyr_AUG#Variants" title="Steyr AUG">Steyr AUG Para</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steyr_AUG#Variants" title="Steyr AUG">Steyr AUG A3 Para XS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Handgun" title="Handgun">Handguns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boberg_XR9-S&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boberg XR9-S (page does not exist)">Boberg XR9-S</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boberg_XR9-S" class="extiw" title="de:Boberg XR9-S">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bond_Arms_BullPup_9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bond Arms BullPup 9 (page does not exist)">Bond Arms BullPup 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushmaster_Arm_Pistol" title="Bushmaster Arm Pistol">Bushmaster Arm Pistol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remington_XP-100" title="Remington XP-100">Remington XP-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USFA_ZiP_.22" title="USFA ZiP .22">USFA ZiP .22</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">Sniper rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bor_rifle" title="Bor rifle">Bor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Tech_SRS" title="Desert Tech SRS">Desert Tech SRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Tech_HTI" title="Desert Tech HTI">Desert Tech HTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragunov_SVU" title="Dragunov SVU">SVU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DSR-Precision_DSR-1" title="DSR-Precision DSR-1">DSR-Precision GmbH DSR-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M89SR_sniper_rifle" title="M89SR sniper rifle">M89SR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosin%E2%80%93Nagant#Russia/USSR" title="Mosin–Nagant">OTs-48K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QBU-88" title="QBU-88">QBU-88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VKS_sniper_rifle" title="VKS sniper rifle">VSSK Vykhlop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_WA_2000" title="Walther WA 2000">Walther WA 2000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-materiel_rifle" title="Anti-materiel rifle">Anti-materiel rifles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arash_anti-materiel_rifle" title="Arash anti-materiel rifle">Arash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrett_M90" title="Barrett M90">Barrett M90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrett_M95" title="Barrett M95">Barrett M95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrett_XM500" title="Barrett XM500">Barrett XM500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrett_M82A2" class="mw-redirect" title="Barrett M82A2">Barrett M82A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DSR-Precision_DSR-50" title="DSR-Precision DSR-50">DSR-Precision GmbH DSR-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZVI_Falcon" title="ZVI Falcon">Falcon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gep%C3%A1rd_anti-materiel_rifle" title="Gepárd anti-materiel rifle">Gepárd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HK_WSG_2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HK WSG 2000 (page does not exist)">HK WSG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSVK_12.7" title="KSVK 12.7">KSVK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mambi_AMR" title="Mambi AMR">Mambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MICOR_Leader_50" title="MICOR Leader 50">MICOR Leader 50</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panzerb%C3%BCchse_M.SS41&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panzerbüchse M.SS41 (page does not exist)">Panzerbüchse M.SS41</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panzerb%C3%BCchse_M.SS41" class="extiw" title="de:Panzerbüchse M.SS41">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-20_(rifle)" title="RT-20 (rifle)">RT-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steyr_IWS_2000" title="Steyr IWS 2000">Steyr IWS 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SV-18" title="SV-18">SV-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKW_Wilk" class="mw-redirect" title="WKW Wilk">WKW Wilk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDShP" title="PDShP">PDShP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">Shotguns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crye_Six12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crye Six12 (page does not exist)">Crye Six12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EAA_MKA_1923&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EAA MKA 1923 (page does not exist)">EAA MKA 1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENARM_Pentagun" title="ENARM Pentagun">ENARM Pentagun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franchi_(firearms)" title="Franchi (firearms)">Franchi mod .410</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_HK_CAWS" title="Heckler & Koch HK CAWS">Heckler & Koch HK CAWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Standard_Model_10" title="High Standard Model 10">High Standard Model 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWI_Tavor_TS12" title="IWI Tavor TS12">IWI Tavor TS12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kel-Tec_KSG" title="Kel-Tec KSG">Kel-Tec KSG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saiga-12#Variants" title="Saiga-12">Kushnapup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-23#KS-23K" title="KS-23">KS-23K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mossberg_500#Accessories_and_combinations" title="Mossberg 500">Mossberg 500/590 Bullpup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NeoStead_2000" title="NeoStead 2000">NeoStead 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancor_Jackhammer" title="Pancor Jackhammer">Pancor Jackhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Manufacturing_DP-12" title="Standard Manufacturing DP-12">Standard Manufacturing DP-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UTAS_UTS-15" title="UTAS UTS-15">UTAS UTS-15</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADS_amphibious_rifle" title="ADS amphibious rifle">ADS amphibious rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Purpose_Individual_Weapon" title="Special Purpose Individual Weapon">Springfield Special Purpose Individual Weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%26T_Daewoo_K11" title="S&T Daewoo K11">S&T Daewoo K11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XM25_CDTE" title="XM25 CDTE">XM25 CDTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XM29_OICW" title="XM29 OICW">XM29 OICW</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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