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<li id="toc-1992_electoral_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992_electoral_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>1992 electoral reforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1992_electoral_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Establishment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Establishment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Establishment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Establishment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organisation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="cdx-button 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id="toc-Officers_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officers_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Officers of the Provisional Legislative Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officers_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standing_committees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standing_committees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Standing committees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standing_committees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Legislative functions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proceedings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proceedings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Proceedings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Proceedings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Proceedings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Proceedings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Meeting_broadcast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meeting_broadcast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Meeting broadcast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meeting_broadcast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legal status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hong Kong legislature</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #ededed"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">Provisional Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">香港特別行政區臨時立法會</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms or logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Emblem_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council.svg/170px-Emblem_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Emblem_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council.svg/255px-Emblem_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Emblem_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council.svg/340px-Emblem_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="513" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Unicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral">Unicameral</a></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">25 January 1997<span class="noprint">; 27 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1997-01-25</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Disbanded</th><td class="infobox-data">30 June 1998<span class="noprint">; 26 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1998-06-30</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong_members_elected_in_1995" title="List of Legislative Council of Hong Kong members elected in 1995">Colonial Legislative Council</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council HKSAR</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">President</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Rita_Fan" title="Rita Fan">Rita Fan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">60</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Plurality-at-large_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Plurality-at-large voting">Plurality-at-large</a> by <a href="/wiki/Selection_Committee_(Hong_Kong)" title="Selection Committee (Hong Kong)">Selection Committee</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label"><a href="/wiki/Huaxia_Art_Centre" title="Huaxia Art Centre">Huaxia Art Centre</a> <small>(February–June 1997)</small> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Convention_and_Exhibition_Centre" title="Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre">Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre</a> <small>(1 July 1997)</small> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Old_Supreme_Court_Building,_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Supreme Court Building, Hong Kong">Legislative Council Building</a> <small>(1 July 1997 – 30 June 1998)</small></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Provisional Legislative Council</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">香港特別行政區臨時立法會</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">香港特别行政区临时立法会</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Xiānggǎng Tèbiéxíngzhèngqū Línshí Lìfǎhuì</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Hēung góng dahk biht hàhng jing kēui làhm sìh lahp faat wuih</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Hoeng1 gong2 dak6 bit6 hang4 zing3 keoi1 lam4 si4 lap6 faat3 wui6*2</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Provisional Legislative Council</b> (<b>PLC</b>) was the interim legislature of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> that operated from 1997 to 1998. The legislature was founded in <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a> and sat in <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a> from 1996 (with offices in Hong Kong), until the <a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Hong_Kong" title="Handover of Hong Kong">1997 handover</a> when it moved to Hong Kong to temporarily replace the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council of Hong Kong</a>. </p><p>The legislature was established by the <a href="/wiki/Preparatory_Committee_for_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region" title="Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region">Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</a> by resolution at its Second Plenary Session on 24 March 1996. The 60 members of the PLC were elected on 21 December 1996 by the 400-member Selection Committee for the First Government of the HKSAR, which also elected the first Chief Executive. The official start date for this council was on 25 January 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1992_electoral_reforms">1992 electoral reforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1992 electoral reforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law" title="Hong Kong Basic Law">Hong Kong Basic Law</a> was promulgated on 4 April 1990, the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> (NPC) issued a decision on the same day on the formation of the first government and legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.<sup id="cite_ref-NPC1990_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPC1990-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decision and the Basic Law envisioned the Legislative Council returned from the <a href="/wiki/1995_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="1995 Hong Kong legislative election">1995 Hong Kong legislative election</a> to continue operating until 1998, when the next legislative election would be due.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen1997_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1">: 1 </span></sup> </p><p>The NPC decided that the first legislature was to be formed according to "principles of State sovereignty and smooth transition".<sup id="cite_ref-NPC1990_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPC1990-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More specifically, the first legislature was to have 60 members, 20 of which returned from direct <a href="/wiki/Geographical_constituency" title="Geographical constituency">geographical constituency</a> elections, 30 members from <a href="/wiki/Functional_constituency_(Hong_Kong)" title="Functional constituency (Hong Kong)">functional constituencies</a> and 10 members returned by an election committee.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan1997_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 375">: 375 </span></sup> If the composition of the last colonial Legislative Council conforms to the NPC decision and the Basic Law, its members automatically become members of the first post-handover Legislative Council, provided that they uphold the Basic Law, plead allegiance to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and meet the requirements of the Basic Law.<sup id="cite_ref-NPC1990_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPC1990-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The automatic transition (or the "through-train" model)<sup id="cite_ref-Chan1997_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 375">: 375 </span></sup> was abandoned on 31 August 1994, when the NPC decided the 1995 Legislative Council would end with British sovereignty over Hong Kong. The policy changed when the Hong Kong government decided the 1995 legislature would be formed with a new electoral formula from the <a href="/wiki/1994_Hong_Kong_electoral_reform" title="1994 Hong Kong electoral reform">1994 electoral reform</a> announced by Hong Kong Governor <a href="/wiki/Chris_Patten" title="Chris Patten">Chris Patten</a> in October 1992. Although the new formula expanded Hong Kong's electoral base, it conformed with the seat composition described in the NPC decision by only allowing 33 percent of seats to be elected through universal suffrage.<sup id="cite_ref-Gittings2016_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gittings2016-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 28">: 28 </span></sup> This was possible only because decision did not define the election committee and the functional constituency electorate.<sup id="cite_ref-Scragg1997_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scragg1997-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 600">: 600 </span></sup> </p><p>The electoral reform created nine functional constituencies that gave paid labourers voting rights and abolished voting by corporations, which could vote in the old functional constituencies.<sup id="cite_ref-Scragg1997_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scragg1997-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 601">: 601 </span></sup> As a result, the number of voters in the functional constituencies increased to about 2.7 million from 104,609.<sup id="cite_ref-Scragg1997_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scragg1997-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 601">: 601 </span></sup> The reform also defined the election committee to consist of <a href="/wiki/District_councils_of_Hong_Kong" title="District councils of Hong Kong">district board</a> members, who were themselves elected by universal suffrage.<sup id="cite_ref-Scragg1997_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scragg1997-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 601">: 601 </span></sup> </p><p>China did not recognise the Legislative Council returned after the electoral reform. It stated the new composition violated the <a href="/wiki/Sino-British_Joint_Declaration" title="Sino-British Joint Declaration">Sino-British Joint Declaration</a>, the Basic Law and the NPC decision made in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan1997_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 375">: 375 </span></sup> It also stated the reforms were introduced unilaterally, and China was not consulted on the change in seat composition.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen1997_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1">: 1 </span></sup> </p><p>Negotiations between the British and Chinese governments on the legislative transition began in April 1993, but ended in November 1993 without a consensus.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen1997_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 2">: 2 </span></sup> On 2 July 1993, the NPC Standing Committee (NPCSC) formed the <a href="/wiki/Preliminary_Working_Committee" title="Preliminary Working Committee">Preliminary Working Committee</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Chen1997_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 2">: 2 </span></sup> an organisation that prepared for the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Preparatory_Committee_for_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region" title="Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region">Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</a> in 1996. According to legal scholar <a href="/wiki/Albert_Chen" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Chen">Albert Chen</a>, the PLC was an idea of the Preliminary Working Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen1997_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 2">: 2 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Establishment">Establishment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Establishment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 26 January 1996, the Preparatory Committee was formed in accordance with the 1990 NPC decision.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen1997_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6">: 6 </span></sup> At its second plenary session on 24 March 1996, the Preparatory Committee established the PLC.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen1997_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6">: 6 </span></sup> The PLC's composition was consistent with the 1990 NPC decision, but all members were to be chosen by the <a href="/wiki/Selection_Committee_(Hong_Kong)" title="Selection Committee (Hong Kong)">Selection Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan1997_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 375">: 375 </span></sup> By the end of 1996, all 60 members of the PLC had been chosen by the selection committee controlled by China.<sup id="cite_ref-Humphrey1996_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Humphrey1996-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Hong_Kong)" title="Democratic Party (Hong Kong)">Democratic Party</a> boycotted the PLC and criticised it for being undemocratic, while politicians <a href="/wiki/Tsang_Yok-sing" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsang Yok-sing">Tsang Yok-sing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elsie_Tu" title="Elsie Tu">Elsie Tu</a>, Dominic Chan and <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Lam" title="Peggy Lam">Peggy Lam</a> gained a seat.<sup id="cite_ref-Humphrey1996_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Humphrey1996-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Provisional Legislative Council convened its first meeting on 25 January 1997 at the <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen_Guesthouse_Hotel" title="Shenzhen Guesthouse Hotel">Shenzhen Guesthouse Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>. At the meeting, it elected its first president, <a href="/wiki/Rita_Fan" title="Rita Fan">Rita Fan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1 July 1997 to 1998, it sat at the then <a href="/wiki/Old_Supreme_Court_Building,_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Supreme Court Building, Hong Kong">Legislative Council Building</a> in Hong Kong.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Council committees and the LegCo Secretariat sat at various locations, including<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huaxia_Art_Centre" title="Huaxia Art Centre">Huaxia Art Centre</a> – 1 Guanqiao Street in the Overseas Chinese Town in <a href="/wiki/Nanshan_District,_Shenzhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanshan District, Shenzhen">Nanshan District, Shenzhen</a> from 22 February to 21 June 1997</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Convention_and_Exhibition_Centre" title="Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre">Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre</a> Extension – 1 July 1997</li></ul> <p>The Council held 60 meetings, 17 motions and passed 13 bills introduced by the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">Chief Executive of Hong Kong</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Legco Secretariat offices were on the 3rd Floor of the Huaxia Art Centre.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1996_Hong_Kong_provisional_legislative_election" title="1996 Hong Kong provisional legislative election">1996 Hong Kong provisional legislative election</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council">President of the Provisional Legislative Council</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: President of the Provisional Legislative Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1997_President_of_the_Hong_Kong_Provisional_Legislative_Council_election" title="1997 President of the Hong Kong Provisional Legislative Council election">1997 President of the Hong Kong Provisional Legislative Council election</a></div> <p>The president of the PLC was <a href="/wiki/Rita_Fan" title="Rita Fan">Rita Fan</a>, who later led the legislative council following the handover. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Members">Members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_LegCo_members_elected_in_Hong_Kong_legislative_election,_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LegCo members elected in Hong Kong legislative election, 1996">List of LegCo members elected in Hong Kong legislative election, 1996</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Officers_of_the_Provisional_Legislative_Council">Officers of the Provisional Legislative Council</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Officers of the Provisional Legislative Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The only officer found in the records was for the Clerk, Pauline Ng Man-Wah. Immediately after the Provisional Legislative Council was disbanded, she became the clerk of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. She retired from this position on 28 August 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standing_committees">Standing committees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Standing committees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Finance Committee</li> <li>Public Accounts Committee</li> <li>Committee of Members' Interest</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legislative_functions">Legislative functions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Legislative functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The legislative functions of the PLC are described by the Preparatory Committee in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan1997_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 375">: 375 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proceedings">Proceedings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Proceedings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meeting_broadcast">Meeting broadcast</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Meeting broadcast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sessions of the PLC were broadcast with assistance from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shenzhen_Television_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shenzhen Television Station (page does not exist)">Shenzhen Television Station</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_status">Legal status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legal status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PLC is neither referred to in the Basic Law nor the Joint Declaration as their drafters assumed the last colonial legislative session would automatically become the Special Administrative Region's first legislature.<sup id="cite_ref-Yap2007_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yap2007-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 546">: 546 </span></sup> The legality of the PLC was challenged in the case <i>HKSAR v Ma Wai Kwan</i><sup id="cite_ref-MaWaiKwan_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaWaiKwan-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> decided by the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_(Hong_Kong)" title="Court of Appeal (Hong Kong)">Court of Appeal</a> on 29 July 1997. The defendants argued that the PLC was unlawful because it did not satisfy the Basic Law's definition of Hong Kong's legislature in Annex II.<sup id="cite_ref-Yap2007_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yap2007-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 546">: 546 </span></sup> The court dismissed the argument. Among other reasons, the court held that as a local court it had no power to review an act of a sovereign authority.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen2006_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen2006-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 633">: 633 </span></sup> The court reasoned that since Article 19 of the Basic Law did not expand its judicial powers and that it had no power to review the validity of a sovereign act under colonial rule, it did not hold such power after the handover.<sup id="cite_ref-Chen2006_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen2006-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 633">: 633 </span></sup> While Justice <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Nazareth" title="Gerald Nazareth">Gerald Nazareth</a> agreed with the majority decision, he questioned whether the constitutional structure of China and that of the United Kingdom were analogous. He also noted there was no "detailed review" of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the People's Republic of China">Chinese constitution</a> during the trial.<sup id="cite_ref-MaWaiKwan_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MaWaiKwan-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 352–353">: 352–353 </span></sup> The decision in <i>Ma Wai Kwan</i> was upheld by the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Final_Appeal_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Final Appeal (Hong Kong)">Court of Final Appeal</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Ng_Ka_Ling_v_Director_of_Immigration" title="Ng Ka Ling v Director of Immigration">Ng Ka Ling v Director of Immigration</a></i> decided in January 1999. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Chan" title="Johannes Chan">Johannes Chan</a> commented that the lack of judicial review power to review acts of <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Parliament">Parliament</a> reflected <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_supremacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary supremacy">parliamentary supremacy</a>, a doctrine borne out of unwritten constitutional systems.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan1997_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 376">: 376 </span></sup> Since China has a written constitution and that the Basic Law describes the relationship between Hong Kong and the central government unlike the colonial <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Letters_Patent_1917" title="Hong Kong Letters Patent 1917">Letters Patent</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Royal_Instructions_1917" title="Hong Kong Royal Instructions 1917">Royal Instructions</a>, Chan questioned whether parliamentary supremacy still fully applies in Hong Kong after 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan1997_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 377">: 377 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/32px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/48px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/64px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong" title="Portal:Hong Kong">Hong Kong portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Hong_Kong_Provisional_Legislature_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Hong Kong Provisional Legislature election">1996 Hong Kong Provisional Legislature election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislation_of_the_Provisional_Government_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislation of the Provisional Government of Hong Kong">Legislation of the Provisional Government of Hong Kong</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/hist_lc.htm">History of the Legco</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPC1990-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NPC1990_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPC1990_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPC1990_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181008224524/https://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/images/basiclawtext_doc12.pdf">"Decision of the National People's Congress on the Method for the Formation of the First Government and the First Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 4 April 1990. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/images/basiclawtext_doc12.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Decision+of+the+National+People%27s+Congress+on+the+Method+for+the+Formation+of+the+First+Government+and+the+First+Legislative+Council+of+the+Hong+Kong+Special+Administrative+Region&rft.date=1990-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.basiclaw.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fbasiclawtext%2Fimages%2Fbasiclawtext_doc12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chen1997-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chen1997_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chen1997_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chen1997_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chen1997_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chen1997_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chen1997_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chen1997_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Chen" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Chen">Chen, Albert H. Y.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/37906606.pdf">"The Provisional Legislative Council of the SAR"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong Law Journal</i>. <b>27</b> (1): 1–11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Provisional+Legislative+Council+of+the+SAR&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-11&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Albert+H.+Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F37906606.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chan1997-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chan1997_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chan1997_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chan1997_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chan1997_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chan1997_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chan1997_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chan1997_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan1997" class="citation journal cs1">Chan, Johannes (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/75020/1/content.pdf">"The Jurisdiction and Legality of the Provisional Legislative Council"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong Law Journal</i>. <b>27</b> (3): 374–387.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Jurisdiction+and+Legality+of+the+Provisional+Legislative+Council&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=374-387&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Johannes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.hku.hk%2Fbitstream%2F10722%2F75020%2F1%2Fcontent.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gittings2016-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gittings2016_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGittings2016" class="citation book cs1">Gittings, Danny (2016). <i>Introduction to the Hong Kong Basic Law</i> (2nd ed.). 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"China snubs Britain with new HK legislature". Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=China+snubs+Britain+with+new+HK+legislature&rft.date=1996-12-21&rft.aulast=Humphrey&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2016" class="citation web cs1">Singh, Harminder (2 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/2012978/explained-how-hong-kongs-legislative-council-has">"Explained: how Hong Kong's Legislative Council has evolved"</a>. South China Morning Post<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Explained%3A+how+Hong+Kong%27s+Legislative+Council+has+evolved&rft.pub=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.date=2016-09-02&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Harminder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Feducation-community%2Farticle%2F2012978%2Fexplained-how-hong-kongs-legislative-council-has&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/intro/hist_lc.htm">"Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region – History of the Legislature"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Legislative+Council+of+the+Hong+Kong+Special+Administrative+Region+%E2%80%93+History+of+the+Legislature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fgeneral%2Fenglish%2Fintro%2Fhist_lc.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20120917/00176_094.html">"政情：吳文華退休生活忙過返工"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%94%BF%E6%83%85%EF%BC%9A%E5%90%B3%E6%96%87%E8%8F%AF%E9%80%80%E4%BC%91%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%BF%99%E9%81%8E%E8%BF%94%E5%B7%A5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Forientaldaily.on.cc%2Fcnt%2Fnews%2F20120917%2F00176_094.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr97-98/english/sec/a_rpt9798.pdf">http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr97-98/english/sec/a_rpt9798.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yap2007-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yap2007_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yap2007_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYap2007" class="citation journal cs1">Yap, Po Jen (2007). "Interpreting the Basic Law and the Adjudication of Politically Sensitive Questions". <i>Chinese Journal of International Law</i>. <b>6</b> (3): 543–564. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fchinesejil%2Fjmm030">10.1093/chinesejil/jmm030</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chinese+Journal+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Interpreting+the+Basic+Law+and+the+Adjudication+of+Politically+Sensitive+Questions&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=543-564&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fchinesejil%2Fjmm030&rft.aulast=Yap&rft.aufirst=Po+Jen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MaWaiKwan-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MaWaiKwan_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MaWaiKwan_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>HKSAR v Ma Wai Kwan, David</i> [1997] HKLRD 761 (CA).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chen2006-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chen2006_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chen2006_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen2006" class="citation journal cs1">Chen, Albert H. Y. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.law.washington.edu/dspace-law/bitstream/handle/1773.1/633/15PacRimLPolyJ627.pdf">"Constitutional Adjudication in Post-1997 Hong Kong"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal</i>. <b>15</b> (3): 627–682<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Rim+Law+%26+Policy+Journal&rft.atitle=Constitutional+Adjudication+in+Post-1997+Hong+Kong&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=627-682&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Albert+H.+Y.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital.law.washington.edu%2Fdspace-law%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F1773.1%2F633%2F15PacRimLPolyJ627.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Legislative_Council&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichburg1997" class="citation web cs1">Richburg, Keith B. (9 April 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/hongkong/legco.htm">"Hong Kong's Legislature-in-Waiting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i>. p. A23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong%27s+Legislature-in-Waiting&rft.pages=A23&rft.date=1997-04-09&rft.aulast=Richburg&rft.aufirst=Keith+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Finatl%2Flongterm%2Fhongkong%2Flegco.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProvisional+Legislative+Council" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Legislative_Councils_of_Hong_Kong" title="Template:Legislative Councils of Hong Kong"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Legislative_Councils_of_Hong_Kong" title="Template talk:Legislative Councils of Hong Kong"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Legislative_Councils_of_Hong_Kong" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Legislative Councils of Hong Kong"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Terms_of_the_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Terms of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council of Hong Kong</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Provisional (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="1st Legislative Council of Hong Kong">1st (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="2nd Legislative Council of Hong Kong">2nd (2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="3rd Legislative Council of Hong Kong">3rd (2004)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="4th Legislative Council of Hong Kong">4th (2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="5th Legislative Council of Hong Kong">5th (2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong">6th (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="7th Legislative Council of Hong Kong">7th (2021)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7252745#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000102429773">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/152772811">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2001036781">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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