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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Historia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Slaveri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slaveri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Slaveri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slaveri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Referenser</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Surinam (nederländsk koloni)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 13 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مستعمرة سورينام – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مستعمرة سورينام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriname_(Hollandi_koloonia)" title="Suriname (Hollandi koloonia) – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suriname (Hollandi koloonia)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony) – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Surinam (Dutch colony)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonia_de_Surinam" title="Colonia de Surinam – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Colonia de Surinam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamo_(nederlanda_kolonio)" title="Surinamo (nederlanda kolonio) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Surinamo (nederlanda kolonio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%8D%9C%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%B9_%EA%B8%B0%EC%95%84%EB%82%98" title="네덜란드령 기아나 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="네덜란드령 기아나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriname_(kolonie)" title="Suriname (kolonie) – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Suriname (kolonie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinam_(kolonia)" title="Surinam (kolonia) – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Surinam (kolonia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriname_(col%C3%B4nia_holandesa)" title="Suriname (colônia holandesa) – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Suriname (colônia holandesa)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Суринам (колония) – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суринам (колония)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinam_(nizozemska_kolonija)" title="Surinam (nizozemska kolonija) – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Surinam (nizozemska kolonija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinam_(nizozemska_kolonija)" title="Surinam (nizozemska kolonija) – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Surinam (nizozemska kolonija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alankomaiden_Surinam" title="Alankomaiden Surinam – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alankomaiden Surinam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7646305#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label 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accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&oldid=54553567" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Surinam_%28nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni%29&id=54553567&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Surinam_%28nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7646305" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Omdirigerad från <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nederl%C3%A4ndska_Guyana&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Nederländska Guyana">Nederländska Guyana</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 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#ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style> <table class="infobox" style="border-spacing: 1px; padding: 0px 0px; width: 290px; line-height:130%;" cellspacing="1px"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="mergedtoprow fn org summary" style="text-align:center; line-height:1.2em; font-size:130%; font-weight:bold;">Kolonin Surinam </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height:1.2em; font-size:118%; font-weight:bold;">Kolonie Suriname (<a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4ndska" title="Nederländska">Nederländska</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; border: solid 1px #aaa; border-width:1px 0px; padding: 0.2em 0em 0.2em 0em;"> <table width="100%" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:30%; line-height: 100%;"><br /> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:118%; border:0;"><b><a href="/wiki/1667" title="1667">1667</a>–<a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a></b> </td> <td width="50px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:30%; line-height: 100%;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Suriname_%281959%E2%80%931975%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a></span><a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam"><span style="font-size:300%;">→</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td align="center" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flagga"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Coat_of_arms_of_Dutch_colony_of_Surinam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vapen"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Dutch_colony_of_Surinam.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Dutch_colony_of_Surinam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Dutch_colony_of_Surinam.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Dutch_colony_of_Surinam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Dutch_colony_of_Surinam.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Dutch_colony_of_Surinam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="font-size: 95%;"> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;">Flagga </td> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;">Vapen </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; padding:0.6em 0em 0.6em 0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Suriname_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Surinam 1954."><img alt="Surinam 1954." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/240px-Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/360px-Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/480px-Suriname_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Surinam 1954.</figcaption></figure> Surinam 1954. </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%"><b><a href="/wiki/Huvudstad" title="Huvudstad">Huvudstad</a></b> </td> <td width="50%"><a href="/wiki/Paramaribo" title="Paramaribo">Paramaribo</a> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Bildades</b> </td> <td>26 februari 1667 <p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Upphörde</b> </td> <td>15 december 1954 <p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><b>Areal</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">129 100 km² <small>(1905)</small><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Folkm%C3%A4ngd" title="Folkmängd">Folkmängd</a></b> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top;">92 000 <small>(1905)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Idag del av</b> </td> <td><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam"><img alt="Surinam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/22px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/33px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/44px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam">Surinam</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Koloni" title="Koloni">Kolonin</a> <b>Surinam</b> (<a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4ndska" title="Nederländska">nederländska</a>: <span lang="nl"><i>Suriname</i></span>), skrivs även <b>Holländska Guyana</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och <b>Nederländska Guyana</b>, var en <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4nderna" title="Nederländerna">nederländsk</a> <a href="/wiki/Koloni" title="Koloni">plantagekoloni</a> i <a href="/wiki/Sydamerika" title="Sydamerika">Sydamerika</a> från 1667 till 1954, skapad av <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4ndska_v%C3%A4stindiska_kompaniet" title="Nederländska västindiska kompaniet">Nederländska västindiska kompaniet</a>. Besittningen var en multietnisk koloni, bestående av flera ditresta folkgrupper. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Algemene_kaart_van_Suriname,_Alexander_de_Lavaux,_Hendrik_de_Leth,_Directeurs_van_de_soci%C3%ABteit_van_Suriname,_1737_-_1757_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Algemene_kaart_van_Suriname%2C_Alexander_de_Lavaux%2C_Hendrik_de_Leth%2C_Directeurs_van_de_soci%C3%ABteit_van_Suriname%2C_1737_-_1757_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg/250px-Algemene_kaart_van_Suriname%2C_Alexander_de_Lavaux%2C_Hendrik_de_Leth%2C_Directeurs_van_de_soci%C3%ABteit_van_Suriname%2C_1737_-_1757_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Algemene_kaart_van_Suriname%2C_Alexander_de_Lavaux%2C_Hendrik_de_Leth%2C_Directeurs_van_de_soci%C3%ABteit_van_Suriname%2C_1737_-_1757_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg/375px-Algemene_kaart_van_Suriname%2C_Alexander_de_Lavaux%2C_Hendrik_de_Leth%2C_Directeurs_van_de_soci%C3%ABteit_van_Suriname%2C_1737_-_1757_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Algemene_kaart_van_Suriname%2C_Alexander_de_Lavaux%2C_Hendrik_de_Leth%2C_Directeurs_van_de_soci%C3%ABteit_van_Suriname%2C_1737_-_1757_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg/500px-Algemene_kaart_van_Suriname%2C_Alexander_de_Lavaux%2C_Hendrik_de_Leth%2C_Directeurs_van_de_soci%C3%ABteit_van_Suriname%2C_1737_-_1757_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5977" data-file-height="4007" /></a><figcaption>Karta över Surinam.</figcaption></figure> <p>Den första nedtecknade referensen till området var en karta från 1599, ritad av flamländske kartografen <a href="/wiki/Jodocus_Hondius" title="Jodocus Hondius">Jodocus Hondius</a>. Från år 1600 bosattes området av nederländska bosättare, de flesta från provinsen <a href="/wiki/Zeeland" title="Zeeland">Zeeland</a>. Handelsstationer byggdes längsmed floderna, inklusive <a href="/wiki/Pomeroon" title="Pomeroon">Pomeroon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essequibo" title="Essequibo">Essequibo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berbice" title="Berbice">Berbice</a>, och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinamfloden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surinamfloden [inte skriven än]">Surinam</a>. Många små handelsplatser, främst för <a href="/wiki/Byteshandel" title="Byteshandel">byteshandel</a>, grundades av <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">fransmännen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4nderna" title="Nederländerna">nederländarna</a>, och <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">engelsmännen</a>. På grund av sjukdomar och anfall från indianerna varade många av bosättningarna inte länge. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4ndska_v%C3%A4stindiska_kompaniet" title="Nederländska västindiska kompaniet">Nederländska västindiska kompaniet</a> bildades 1621, och fick rätten att kontrollera besittningarna i Sydamerika. Besittningen administrerades av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_van_Peere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham van Peere [inte skriven än]">Abraham van Peere</a>, nederländsk upptäcktsresande som varit med och bildat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berbice_(koloni)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berbice (koloni) [inte skriven än]">Berbice</a>. Efter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tredje_anglo-nederl%C3%A4ndska_kriget&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tredje anglo-nederländska kriget [inte skriven än]">tredje anglo-nederländska kriget</a>, gav England bort territoriet (som senare kom att bli <a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam">Surinam</a>), i utbyte mot <a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Amsterdam" title="Nieuw-Amsterdam">Nieuw-Amsterdam</a>. </p><p>Nederländska Guyana var ingen politisk enhet, utan en mer geografisk term. Besittningarna var ursprungligen olika enheter. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Essequibo_(koloni)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Essequibo (koloni) [inte skriven än]">Essequibo</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demerara_(koloni)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demerara (koloni) [inte skriven än]">Demerara</a> kontrollerades av <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4ndska_v%C3%A4stindiska_kompaniet" title="Nederländska västindiska kompaniet">Nederländska västindiska kompaniet</a>, medan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berbice_(koloni)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berbice (koloni) [inte skriven än]">Berbice</a> och <a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam">Surinam</a> kontrollerades av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berbices%C3%A4llskapet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berbicesällskapet [inte skriven än]">Berbicesällskapet</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinams%C3%A4llskapet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surinamsällskapet [inte skriven än]">Surinamsällskapet</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cayenne_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_besittning)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cayenne (nederländsk besittning) [inte skriven än]">Cayenne</a> (<a href="/wiki/Franska_Guyana" title="Franska Guyana">Franska Guyana</a>) kontrollerades också kortvarigt av Nederländerna mellan 1660 och 1664, och återigen mellan 1676 och 1677. </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Bataviska_republiken" title="Bataviska republiken">Bataviska republikens</a> år ockuperades återigen stora delar av Nederländska Guyana av britterna. Efter <a href="/wiki/Napoleonkrigen" title="Napoleonkrigen">Napoleonkrigen</a>, 1814, återtog britterna kontrollen över de tre områdena (Demerara, Berbice och Essequibo) väster om <a href="/wiki/Courantyne" title="Courantyne">Courantynefloden</a>. Dessa tre besittningar blev <a href="/wiki/Brittiska_Guyana" title="Brittiska Guyana">Brittiska Guyana</a>. Efter 1815, fanns fem Guyana: Spanska Guayana (del av <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>), Brittiska Guyana, Nederländska Guyana (Surinam), <a href="/wiki/Franska_Guyana" title="Franska Guyana">Franska Guyana</a>, och Portugisiska Guiana (i <a href="/wiki/Brasilien" title="Brasilien">Brasilien</a>). </p><p>Besittningen blev efter kolonialperioden ett självstyrande område inom <a href="/wiki/Konungariket_Nederl%C3%A4nderna" title="Konungariket Nederländerna">kungariket Nederländerna</a>, 1954–1975. Och helt självständighet först när <a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam">republiken Surinam</a> utropades den 25 november 1975. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Slaveri">Slaveri</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Slaveri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Slaveri"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:A_Surinam_Planter_in_his_Morning_Drefs_(Dress),_by_John_Gabriel_Stedman,_1796_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/A_Surinam_Planter_in_his_Morning_Drefs_%28Dress%29%2C_by_John_Gabriel_Stedman%2C_1796_%28cropped%29.jpg/225px-A_Surinam_Planter_in_his_Morning_Drefs_%28Dress%29%2C_by_John_Gabriel_Stedman%2C_1796_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/A_Surinam_Planter_in_his_Morning_Drefs_%28Dress%29%2C_by_John_Gabriel_Stedman%2C_1796_%28cropped%29.jpg/338px-A_Surinam_Planter_in_his_Morning_Drefs_%28Dress%29%2C_by_John_Gabriel_Stedman%2C_1796_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/A_Surinam_Planter_in_his_Morning_Drefs_%28Dress%29%2C_by_John_Gabriel_Stedman%2C_1796_%28cropped%29.jpg/451px-A_Surinam_Planter_in_his_Morning_Drefs_%28Dress%29%2C_by_John_Gabriel_Stedman%2C_1796_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2558" data-file-height="3417" /></a><figcaption>Illustration över en nederländsk slavägare.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Slaveri" title="Slaveri">Slaveriet</a> i den nederländska besittningen Surinam avskaffades den 1 juli 1863 – i likhet med vad de övriga europeiska kolonialbesittningarna i Guyana-området redan anhållit om – men slavarna släpptes först efter en tioårig övergångsperiod, 1873,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBakker199376_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBakker199376-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vilket igångsatte invandringen av arbetare från <a href="/wiki/Brittiska_Indien" title="Brittiska Indien">brittiska Indien</a>. Det senare möjliggjordes av att Nederländerna och <a href="/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien">Storbritannien</a> 1870 undertecknade ett fördrag om det berörda. Utöver invandring från brittiska Indien, möjliggjordes även omflyttning av arbetskraft inom kungariket Nederländerna och dess kolonialbesittningar. Från <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4ndska_Ostindien" title="Nederländska Ostindien">nederländska Ostindien</a> kom <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">javanesiska</a> arbetare för att bistå arbetet på de surinamesiska plantagen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBakker1993105_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBakker1993105-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeroes" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeroes">Boeroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam">Surinam, republik</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/sydamerika/surinam/">”Surinam”</a>. <i><span>www.ui.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/sydamerika/surinam/">https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/sydamerika/surinam/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 16 maj 2022</span>.  ”Den tidigare kolonin Holländska Guyana vid Sydamerikas nordkust”</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Surinam&rft.atitle=www.ui.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ui.se%2Flandguiden%2Flander-och-omraden%2Fsydamerika%2Fsurinam%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.so-rummet.se/kategorier/historia/varldens-lander-historia/central-och-sydamerika-historia/surinams-historia#">”Surinams historia”</a>. SO-rummet<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.so-rummet.se/kategorier/historia/varldens-lander-historia/central-och-sydamerika-historia/surinams-historia#">https://www.so-rummet.se/kategorier/historia/varldens-lander-historia/central-och-sydamerika-historia/surinams-historia#</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 17 maj 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Surinams+historia&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=SO-rummet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.so-rummet.se%2Fkategorier%2Fhistoria%2Fvarldens-lander-historia%2Fcentral-och-sydamerika-historia%2Fsurinams-historia%23&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBakker199376-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBakker199376_3-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBakker1993">Bakker 1993</a>, sid. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBakker1993105-4"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBakker1993105_4-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBakker1993">Bakker 1993</a>, sid. 105.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>[<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://runeberg.org/nf/0392.html">https://runeberg.org/nf/0392.html</a> Guyana i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> i <a href="/wiki/Projekt_Runeberg" title="Projekt Runeberg">Projekt Runeberg</a></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFBakker1993">Bakker, Eveline (1993). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=29QYAAAAYAAJ">Geschiedenis van Suriname: van stam tot staat</a></i>. Zutphen: Walburg Pers. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/9789060118375" title="Special:Bokkällor/9789060118375">ISBN 9789060118375</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=29QYAAAAYAAJ">https://books.google.com/books?id=29QYAAAAYAAJ</a></span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschiedenis+van+Suriname%3A+van+stam+tot+staat&rft.aulast=Bakker&rft.aufirst=Eveline&rft.au=Bakker%2C+Eveline&rft.date=1993&rft.place=Zutphen&rft.pub=Walburg+Pers&rft.isbn=9789060118375&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D29QYAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Surinam_(nederl%C3%A4ndsk_koloni)"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist auktoritetsdata navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Auktoritetsdata" title="Auktoritetsdata">Auktoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> • <a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/942145858091823021916">942145858091823021916</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/1086912691">1086912691</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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