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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Race subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Race-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Garage_56" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Garage_56"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Garage 56</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Garage_56-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drivers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drivers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Drivers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drivers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditions_and_unique_rules" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditions_and_unique_rules"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Traditions and unique rules</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditions_and_unique_rules-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Schedule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schedule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Schedule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schedule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Classification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Le_Mans_start" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Le_Mans_start"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.3</span> <span>Le Mans start</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Le_Mans_start-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Circuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Circuit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1923–1939" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1923–1939"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>1923–1939</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1923–1939-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1949–1969" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1949–1969"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>1949–1969</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1949–1969-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970–1980" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970–1980"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>1970–1980</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970–1980-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1981–1993" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1981–1993"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>1981–1993</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1981–1993-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1994–1999" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1994–1999"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>1994–1999</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1994–1999-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000–2005" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000–2005"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>2000–2005</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000–2005-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2006–2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006–2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>2006–2013</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006–2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014–2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014–2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>2014–2020</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014–2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>2021–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Innovations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Innovations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Innovations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Innovations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Innovations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Innovations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aerodynamics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aerodynamics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Aerodynamics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aerodynamics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Engines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Engines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Engines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Engines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Brakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Winners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Winners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Accidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coverage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coverage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Coverage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coverage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vintage_racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vintage_racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Vintage racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vintage_racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additional_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Additional references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">24 Hours of Le Mans</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_24_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="لو مان 24 ساعة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لو مان 24 ساعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Hores_de_Le_Mans" title="24 Hores de Le Mans – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="24 Hores de Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mans_24_Saat" title="Le Mans 24 Saat – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Le Mans 24 Saat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="24 часа на Льо Ман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="24 часа на Льо Ман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_eurvezh_ar_Ma%C3%B1s" title="24 eurvezh ar Mañs – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="24 eurvezh ar Mañs" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Hores_de_Le_Mans" title="24 Hores de Le Mans – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="24 Hores de Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_hodin_Le_Mans" title="24 hodin Le Mans – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="24 hodin Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Timers_Le_Mans" title="24 Timers Le Mans – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="24 Timers Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/24-Stunden-Rennen_von_Le_Mans" title="24-Stunden-Rennen von Le Mans – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="24-Stunden-Rennen von Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mansi_24_tunni_v%C3%B5idus%C3%B5it" title="Le Mansi 24 tunni võidusõit – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Le Mansi 24 tunni võidusõit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_%CE%8F%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9B%CE%B5_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="24 Ώρες του Λε Μαν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="24 Ώρες του Λε Μαν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Horas_de_Le_Mans" title="24 Horas de Le Mans – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="24 Horas de Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Horoj_de_Manso" title="24 Horoj de Manso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="24 Horoj de Manso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Manseko_24_Orduak" title="Le Manseko 24 Orduak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Le Manseko 24 Orduak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DB%B2%DB%B4_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2" title="مسابقات ۲۴ ساعته لمانز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسابقات ۲۴ ساعته لمانز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Heures_du_Mans" title="24 Heures du Mans – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="24 Heures du Mans" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Horas_de_Le_Mans" title="24 Horas de Le Mans – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="24 Horas de Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%9D_24%EC%8B%9C" title="르망 24시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="르망 24시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_sata_Le_Mansa" title="24 sata Le Mansa – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="24 sata Le Mansa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_hori_apud_Le_Mans" title="24 hori apud Le Mans – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="24 hori apud Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mans_24_Jam" title="Le Mans 24 Jam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Le Mans 24 Jam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Ore_di_Le_Mans" title="24 Ore di Le Mans – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="24 Ore di Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A5_24_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9F" title="מרוץ 24 השעות של לה מאן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרוץ 24 השעות של לה מאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94-%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_24_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ლე-მანის 24 საათი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლე-მანის 24 საათი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lem%C4%81nas_24_stundu_sac%C4%ABkstes" title="Lemānas 24 stundu sacīkstes – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lemānas 24 stundu sacīkstes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_valand%C5%B3_Le_Mano_lenktyn%C4%97s" title="24 valandų Le Mano lenktynės – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="24 valandų Le Mano lenktynės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_oer_van_Le_Mans" title="24 oer van Le Mans – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="24 oer van Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mans-i_24_%C3%B3r%C3%A1s_aut%C3%B3verseny" title="Le Mans-i 24 órás autóverseny – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Le Mans-i 24 órás autóverseny" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Heures_du_Mans" title="24 Heures du Mans – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="24 Heures du Mans" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_uur_van_Le_Mans" title="24 uur van Le Mans – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="24 uur van Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B324%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="ル・マン24時間レース – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ル・マン24時間レース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/24-timersl%C3%B8pet_i_Le_Mans" title="24-timersløpet i Le Mans – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="24-timersløpet i Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/24-timarsl%C3%B8pet_i_Le_Mans" title="24-timarsløpet i Le Mans – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="24-timarsløpet i Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/24h_Le_Mans" title="24h Le Mans – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="24h Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Horas_de_Le_Mans" title="24 Horas de Le Mans – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="24 Horas de Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursa_de_24_de_ore_de_la_Le_Mans" title="Cursa de 24 de ore de la Le Mans – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cursa de 24 de ore de la Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B5-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="24 часа Ле-Мана – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="24 часа Ле-Мана" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Or%C3%AB_Le_Mans" title="24 Orë Le Mans – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="24 Orë Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="24 Hours of Le Mans – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="24 Hours of Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_hod%C3%ADn_Le_Mans" title="24 hodín Le Mans – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="24 hodín Le Mans" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_ur_Le_Mansa" title="24 ur Le Mansa – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="24 ur Le Mansa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="24 часа Ле Мана – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="24 часа Ле Мана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_sata_Le_Mansa" title="24 sata Le Mansa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="24 sata Le Mansa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mansin_24_tunnin_ajo" title="Le Mansin 24 tunnin ajo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Le Mansin 24 tunnin ajo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mans_24-timmars" title="Le Mans 24-timmars – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Le Mans 24-timmars" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%87_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="24 ชั่วโมง เลอม็อง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="24 ชั่วโมง เลอม็อง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mans_24_Saat" title="Le Mans 24 Saat – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Le Mans 24 Saat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B5-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="24 години Ле-Мана – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="24 години Ле-Мана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E8%8A%9224%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6%E8%80%90%E5%8A%9B%E8%B5%9B" title="勒芒24小时耐力赛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="勒芒24小时耐力赛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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0.20750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">47.95000; 0.20750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Annual sports car race held in France</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the sports car race in France. For the motorcycle race, see <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_(motorcycle_race)" title="24 Hours of Le Mans (motorcycle race)">24 Hours of Le Mans (motorcycle race)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="24 Hours of Le Mans (disambiguation)">24 Hours of Le Mans (disambiguation)</a>. For the 2024 race, see <a href="/wiki/2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2024 24 Hours of Le Mans">2024 24 Hours of Le Mans</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Lemons" title="24 Hours of Lemons">24 Hours of Lemons</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="Special:EditPage/24 Hours of Le Mans">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22">"24 Hours of Le Mans"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Motor race</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">24 Hours of Le Mans</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_logo_(since_2014).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_logo_%28since_2014%29.svg/220px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_logo_%28since_2014%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_logo_%28since_2014%29.svg/330px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_logo_%28since_2014%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_logo_%28since_2014%29.svg/440px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_logo_%28since_2014%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg/220px-Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg/330px-Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg/440px-Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1424" data-file-height="983" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:lavender;"><a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Circuit de la Sarthe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a>, France<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&params=47_57_00_N_00_12_27_E_region:FR-72_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">47°57′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">00°12′27″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">47.95000°N 0.20750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">47.95000; 0.20750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First race</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1923_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1923 24 Hours of Le Mans">1923</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First WEC race</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2012_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2012 24 Hours of Le Mans">2012</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Last race</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2024 24 Hours of Le Mans">2024</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Distance</th><td class="infobox-data">13.626 km/ 8.467 mi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data">24 hours</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Most wins (driver)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kristensen_(racing_driver)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Kristensen (racing driver)">Tom Kristensen</a> (9)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Most wins (team)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Joest_Racing" title="Joest Racing">Joest Racing</a> (13)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Most wins (manufacturer)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a> (19)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>24 Hours of Le Mans</b> (French: <i lang="fr"><b>24 Heures du Mans</b></i>) is an endurance-focused <a href="/wiki/Sports_car_racing" title="Sports car racing">sports car race</a> held annually near the town of <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a>, France.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is widely considered to be one of the world's most prestigious races,<sup id="cite_ref-:4_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is one of the races—along with the <a href="/wiki/Monaco_Grand_Prix" title="Monaco Grand Prix">Monaco Grand Prix</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a>—that form the <a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Motorsport" title="Triple Crown of Motorsport">Triple Crown of Motorsport</a>, and is also one of the races alongside the <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Daytona" title="24 Hours of Daytona">24 Hours of Daytona</a> and <a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Sebring" title="12 Hours of Sebring">12 Hours of Sebring</a> that make up the informal <a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_endurance_racing" title="Triple Crown of endurance racing">Triple Crown of endurance racing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Run since 1923, it is the oldest active <a href="/wiki/Endurance_racing_(motorsport)" title="Endurance racing (motorsport)">endurance racing</a> event in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike fixed-distance races whose winner is determined by minimum time, the 24 Hours of Le Mans is won by the car that covers the greatest distance in 24 hours. The cars on this track are able to achieve speeds of 366 km/h (227 mph), and reached 407 km/h (253 mph) on the Mulsanne Straight <a href="/wiki/1988_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans#Statistics" title="1988 24 Hours of Le Mans">in 1988</a> – instigating the addition of more <a href="/wiki/Chicane" title="Chicane">chicanes</a> to the track to reduce speed reached. Racing teams must balance the demands of speed with the cars' ability to run for 24 hours without mechanical failure.<sup id="cite_ref-ProvisionalResult_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ProvisionalResult-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The race is organized by the <a href="/wiki/Automobile_Club_de_l%27Ouest" title="Automobile Club de l'Ouest">Automobile Club de l'Ouest</a> (ACO). It is held on the <a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Circuit de la Sarthe</a>, composed of closed public roads and dedicated sections of a racing track. </p><p>The 24 Hours of Le Mans was frequently part of the <a href="/wiki/World_Sportscar_Championship" title="World Sportscar Championship">World Sportscar Championship</a> from <a href="/wiki/1953_World_Sportscar_Championship" title="1953 World Sportscar Championship">1953</a> until that series' final season in <a href="/wiki/1992_World_Sportscar_Championship" title="1992 World Sportscar Championship">1992</a>. In <a href="/wiki/2011_Intercontinental_Le_Mans_Cup" title="2011 Intercontinental Le Mans Cup">2011</a>, it was a part of the <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Le_Mans_Cup" title="Intercontinental Le Mans Cup">Intercontinental Le Mans Cup</a>. Since <a href="/wiki/2012_FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="2012 FIA World Endurance Championship">2012</a>, the race has been a part of the <a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 10-hour American version of the race, called <a href="/wiki/Petit_Le_Mans" title="Petit Le Mans">Petit Le Mans</a>, has been held annually since <a href="/wiki/1998_Petit_Le_Mans" title="1998 Petit Le Mans">1998</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="Special:EditPage/24 Hours of Le Mans">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Launched when <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motor_racing" title="Grand Prix motor racing">Grand Prix motor racing</a> was the dominant form of motorsport throughout Europe, Le Mans was designed to present a different test. Instead of focusing on the ability of a car company to build the fastest machines, the 24 Hours of Le Mans would concentrate on the ability of manufacturers to build sporty yet reliable cars. This encouraged innovation in producing reliable and <a href="/wiki/Fuel_economy_in_automobiles" title="Fuel economy in automobiles">fuel-efficient vehicles</a>, because <a href="/wiki/Endurance_racing_(motorsport)" title="Endurance racing (motorsport)">endurance racing</a> requires cars that last and spend as little time in the pits as possible. </p><p>At the same time, the layout of the track required cars with better aerodynamics and stability at high speeds. While this was shared with Grand Prix racing, few tracks in Europe had straights of a length comparable to the <a href="/wiki/Mulsanne_Straight" title="Mulsanne Straight">Mulsanne</a>. Additionally, because the road is public and thus not as meticulously maintained as permanent racing circuits, racing puts more strain on the parts, increasing the importance of reliability. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">oil crisis</a> in the early 1970s led organizers to adopt a fuel economy formula known as <a href="/wiki/Group_C" title="Group C">Group C</a> that limited the amount of fuel each car was allowed. Although it was later abandoned, fuel economy remains important as new fuel sources reduce the time spent during pit stops. Such technological innovations have had a trickle-down effect and can be incorporated into consumer cars. This has also led to faster and more exotic <a href="/wiki/Supercar" title="Supercar">supercars</a> as manufacturers seek to develop faster road cars in order to develop them into even faster GT cars. </p><p>Additionally, hybrid systems (flywheel, super-capacitor, battery coupled with both petrol and diesel) have been championed in the LMP category as rules have been changed to their benefit and to further push efficiency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Race">Race</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Race"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_Mans_Race_Control.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Le_Mans_Race_Control.jpg/220px-Le_Mans_Race_Control.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Le_Mans_Race_Control.jpg/330px-Le_Mans_Race_Control.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Le_Mans_Race_Control.jpg/440px-Le_Mans_Race_Control.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Pit_stop" title="Pit stop">pits</a> in the daytime</figcaption></figure> <p>The race is held in mid June, meaning the shortest night and very hot conditions for drivers, particularly in closed vehicles with poor ventilation. Rainy weather is common. The race begins in mid-afternoon and finishes the following day at the same hour the race started the previous day.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern competitors often cover well over 5,000 km. The record is 2010's 5,410 km (3,360 mi), six times the length of the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a>, or about 18 times longer than a <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> <i>Grand Prix</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drivers and racing teams strive for speed and avoiding mechanical damage, as well as managing the cars' consumables, primarily <a href="/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel">fuel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">tires</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Braking" class="mw-redirect" title="Braking">braking</a> materials. It also tests endurance, with drivers frequently racing for over two hours before a relief driver can take over during a pit stop while eating and resting. Current regulations mandate that three drivers share each competing vehicle. </p><p>Competing teams race in groups called "classes", or cars of similar specification, while competing simultaneously for outright placing amongst all classes. Originally, the race showcased cars as they were sold to the general public, then called "Sports Cars", in contrast with the specialised <a href="/wiki/Race_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Race car">racing cars</a> used in <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motor_racing" title="Grand Prix motor racing">Grand Prix motor racing</a>. Over time, the competing vehicles evolved away from their publicly available road car roots. Today, the race comprises two classes: the purpose-built <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_prototype" title="Sports prototype">Sports prototypes</a></i> which are also known as <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype" title="Le Mans Prototype">Le Mans Prototypes (LMP)</a></i> and are the highest level in sports car racing, and the production-based <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">Grand Touring (GT) cars</a></i> which are similar to sports cars sold to the public. These are further broken down into two sub-classes: constructors' prototypes, privateer prototypes, and two subclasses of GT cars.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LeMans_PitStop2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/LeMans_PitStop2.JPG/223px-LeMans_PitStop2.JPG" decoding="async" width="223" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/LeMans_PitStop2.JPG/335px-LeMans_PitStop2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/LeMans_PitStop2.JPG/446px-LeMans_PitStop2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The pits at dawn</figcaption></figure><p>Competing teams have had a wide variety of organizations, ranging from competition departments of road car manufacturers (eager to prove the supremacy of their products) to professional motor racing teams (representing their commercial backers, some of which are also car manufacturers who want to win without paying for their own teams) to amateur teams (racing as much to compete in the famous race as to claim victory for their commercial partners). </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_Mans_Pits_at_Night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Le_Mans_Pits_at_Night.jpg/220px-Le_Mans_Pits_at_Night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Le_Mans_Pits_at_Night.jpg/330px-Le_Mans_Pits_at_Night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Le_Mans_Pits_at_Night.jpg/440px-Le_Mans_Pits_at_Night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>The pits at night</figcaption></figure> <p>The race was a part of the <a href="/wiki/World_Sportscar_Championship" title="World Sportscar Championship">World Sportscar Championship</a> in every season from its inception in <a href="/wiki/1953_World_Sportscar_Championship" title="1953 World Sportscar Championship">1953</a> until its demise in <a href="/wiki/1992_World_Sportscar_Championship" title="1992 World Sportscar Championship">1992</a> except the <a href="/wiki/1956_World_Sportscar_Championship" title="1956 World Sportscar Championship">1956</a>, <a href="/wiki/1975_World_Sportscar_Championship" title="1975 World Sportscar Championship">1975</a>–<a href="/wiki/1979_World_Sportscar_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="1979 World Sportscar Championship">1979</a> and <a href="/wiki/1989_World_Sportscar_Championship" title="1989 World Sportscar Championship">1989</a>–<a href="/wiki/1990_World_Sportscar_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="1990 World Sportscar Championship">1990 seasons</a>, and since <a href="/wiki/2012_FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="2012 FIA World Endurance Championship">2012</a> the race has been part of the <a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a>. However, Le Mans has always had a stronger reputation than the World Championship. </p><p>The race is also known as a leg of the informal <a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Motorsport" title="Triple Crown of Motorsport">Triple Crown of Motorsport</a> which links <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a>, <a href="/wiki/IndyCar" title="IndyCar">IndyCar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sports_car_racing" title="Sports car racing">Sports car racing</a> to represent a career achievement for drivers. Additionally, it is seen as a leg of the <a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_(endurance_racing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Triple Crown (endurance racing)">Triple Crown of endurance racing</a>, which links the three largest sports car races together, with <a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Sebring" title="12 Hours of Sebring">12 Hours of Sebring</a> and <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Daytona" title="24 Hours of Daytona">24 Hours of Daytona</a> forming the other legs. Since 1998, the American Le Mans Series (now the <a href="/wiki/International_Motor_Sports_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="International Motor Sports Association">IMSA</a> <a href="/wiki/United_SportsCar_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="United SportsCar Championship">Weathertech Sports Car Championship</a>) has held an endurance race, along with the 12 hours of Sebring, every year called "<a href="/wiki/Petit_Le_Mans" title="Petit Le Mans">Petit Le Mans</a>", as a 10-hour American version. In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/United_SportsCar_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="United SportsCar Championship">Weathertech Sports Car Championship</a> (a merger of the races at Sebring; <a href="/wiki/Petit_Le_Mans" title="Petit Le Mans">Petit Le Mans</a> in <a href="/wiki/Braselton" class="mw-redirect" title="Braselton">Braselton</a>, Georgia; the <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Watkins_Glen" title="6 Hours of Watkins Glen">6 Hours of Watkins Glen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Watkins_Glen,_New_York" title="Watkins Glen, New York">Watkins Glen</a>, New York; and the <a href="/wiki/Rolex_Sports_Car_Series" title="Rolex Sports Car Series">Rolex Sports Car Series</a>' <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Daytona" title="24 Hours of Daytona">24 Hours of Daytona</a>) held all four major American endurance classics in preparation for teams to race at <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cars">Cars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GT%27s_Climbing_up_the_hill_to_the_Dunlop_Bridge_(48126931781).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/GT%27s_Climbing_up_the_hill_to_the_Dunlop_Bridge_%2848126931781%29.jpg/220px-GT%27s_Climbing_up_the_hill_to_the_Dunlop_Bridge_%2848126931781%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/GT%27s_Climbing_up_the_hill_to_the_Dunlop_Bridge_%2848126931781%29.jpg/330px-GT%27s_Climbing_up_the_hill_to_the_Dunlop_Bridge_%2848126931781%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/GT%27s_Climbing_up_the_hill_to_the_Dunlop_Bridge_%2848126931781%29.jpg/440px-GT%27s_Climbing_up_the_hill_to_the_Dunlop_Bridge_%2848126931781%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>GT cars approaching Dunlop Bridge</figcaption></figure> <p>The race has approximately 60 competitors. Each car was required to have at least two seats. However, recently cars only need to have space to accommodate a second seat in the cockpit rather than the seat itself. Two doors are allowed; open cockpit cars do not require doors. Since 2014, all cars in the premier LMP1 category must have a roof due to safety concerns, with open-cockpit cars only permitted in the slightly slower LMP2 category. Since 2017, all prototype cars, LMP1 or LMP2, must have closed cockpits.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although all cars compete at the same time, as of 2021 there are separate classes. A prize is awarded to the winner of each class and the overall winner. The number of classes has varied over the years, but there are now three: Hypercar, LMP2, and LMGT3. </p><p>Successor to the <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype" title="Le Mans Prototype">Le Mans Prototype 1</a> (LMP1) is the custom-built Hypercar (LMH or LMDh) class. It is the top class and debuted in 2021. The new technical regulations are intended to prevent cost escalations while enabling greater variety in technical approaches and car aesthetics.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This is followed by the LMP2 class where teams are obliged to run one of four approved chassis—ORECA, Ligier, Dallara, or Multimatic/Riley—mated with a standard 4.2-litre Gibson V8 engine. LMP1 teams are subject to no such restrictions. Their extra power, lower weight, and more complex aerodynamics result in much quicker lap times; LMP1 cars also may use hybrid technology.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The next class is <a href="/wiki/Group_GT3" title="Group GT3">LMGT3</a>, which are similar to production-based sports cars.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Garage_56">Garage 56</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Garage 56"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Concept_car" title="Concept car">Concept cars</a> intended to test new automotive technologies may participate in the race under the "Garage 56" banner. Such entries are classified in the race results, though are not expected to be competitive as their sole focus is to demonstrate experimental features.<sup id="cite_ref-Le_Mans_Innovation_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Mans_Innovation-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The program debuted in 2012 with the <a href="/wiki/DeltaWing" title="DeltaWing">DeltaWing</a>, an unusual rocket-shaped car fielded by <a href="/wiki/All_American_Racers" title="All American Racers">All-American Racers</a> and supported by Nissan. The DeltaWing concept showed promise, delivering nearly LMP2-level performance while only consuming 48% of the fuel, but retired after a collision with an LMP1 car six hours into the race.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Garage 56 was given to the Swiss-designed <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">hydrogen-fueled</a> GreenGT H2, which was to be the first car without an internal combustion engine to compete at Le Mans. However, the car was pronounced unfit to take part in the race by the team a few days before the race.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the H2 went on to complete a single demonstration lap at Le Mans.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nissan_ZEOD_RC" title="Nissan ZEOD RC">Nissan ZEOD RC</a>, a hybrid electric car based on the DeltaWing's design, took the Garage 56 slot in 2014. Despite an early retirement from the race after only 23 minutes due to a gearbox issue, the ZEOD RC achieved its goals of hitting a top speed of 300 km/h (186.41 mph), and completing the first ever lap of Le Mans using exclusively electric power at racing speed.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, the Garage 56 program took a break as all applications that year were deemed unfit by the ACO.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Frederic Sausset, a quadruple amputee, drove a modified <a href="/wiki/Pescarolo_01" title="Pescarolo 01">Morgan LMP2</a> in the 2016 race.<sup id="cite_ref-Le_Mans_Innovation_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Mans_Innovation-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Financial problems forced <a href="/wiki/Welter_Racing" title="Welter Racing">Welter Racing</a> to cancel its 2017 Garage 56 run with the Green4U Panoz Racing GT-EV, a <a href="/wiki/Renewable_natural_gas" title="Renewable natural gas">biomethane</a>-fuel prototype featuring a 3-cylinder 1.2-liter engine fueled by biomethane stored in cryogenic tanks.<sup id="cite_ref-Le_Mans_Innovation_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Mans_Innovation-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Welter Racing went on to develop the car with hopes of entering the car in 2018 and 2019, but ultimately did not compete due to complex issues with the car in 2018, and due to <a href="/wiki/Don_Panoz" title="Don Panoz">Don Panoz</a>'s death suspending the program in 2019. The 2019 slot was also eyed by UK-based constructor <a href="/wiki/Perrinn_Cars" title="Perrinn Cars">Perrinn</a> with the Project 424, an LMP1-based electric-powered car with an autonomous driving mode;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, this did not come to pass, and Garage 56 was left empty in both 2018 and 2019 due to the ACO deeming none of the applications sufficiently mature.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2020 saw Frederic Sausset attempting to return to Garage 56 under the SRT41 banner by fielding a specially modified Oreca 07 LMP2 car with a lineup of three disabled drivers; however, the attempt was cancelled due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SRT41 program was delayed to 2021, which saw Garage 56 successfully making a return for the first time in five years. Two of the drivers, paralyzed from the waist down, became the first disabled teammates to compete in the history of the race.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, Garage 56 was once again empty.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chevrolet_Camaro_ZL1_NASCAR_-_Jenson_Button,_Jimmie_Johnson_%26_Mike_Rockenfeller_at_Dunlop_Chicane_at_the_2023_Le_Mans_(53368944895).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chevrolet_Camaro_ZL1_NASCAR_-_Jenson_Button%2C_Jimmie_Johnson_%26_Mike_Rockenfeller_at_Dunlop_Chicane_at_the_2023_Le_Mans_%2853368944895%29.jpg/220px-Chevrolet_Camaro_ZL1_NASCAR_-_Jenson_Button%2C_Jimmie_Johnson_%26_Mike_Rockenfeller_at_Dunlop_Chicane_at_the_2023_Le_Mans_%2853368944895%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chevrolet_Camaro_ZL1_NASCAR_-_Jenson_Button%2C_Jimmie_Johnson_%26_Mike_Rockenfeller_at_Dunlop_Chicane_at_the_2023_Le_Mans_%2853368944895%29.jpg/330px-Chevrolet_Camaro_ZL1_NASCAR_-_Jenson_Button%2C_Jimmie_Johnson_%26_Mike_Rockenfeller_at_Dunlop_Chicane_at_the_2023_Le_Mans_%2853368944895%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chevrolet_Camaro_ZL1_NASCAR_-_Jenson_Button%2C_Jimmie_Johnson_%26_Mike_Rockenfeller_at_Dunlop_Chicane_at_the_2023_Le_Mans_%2853368944895%29.jpg/440px-Chevrolet_Camaro_ZL1_NASCAR_-_Jenson_Button%2C_Jimmie_Johnson_%26_Mike_Rockenfeller_at_Dunlop_Chicane_at_the_2023_Le_Mans_%2853368944895%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3275" /></a><figcaption>Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 NASCAR racing in the 24 Hours of Le Mans.</figcaption></figure> <p>For 2023, a modified <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Cup_Series" title="NASCAR Cup Series">NASCAR Cup Series</a> <a href="/wiki/Next_Gen_(NASCAR)#Le_Mans_Garage_56_project" title="Next Gen (NASCAR)">Next Gen</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Camaro_(sixth_generation)#ZL1" title="Chevrolet Camaro (sixth generation)">Chevrolet Camaro ZL1</a> stock car fielded by <a href="/wiki/Hendrick_Motorsports#24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="Hendrick Motorsports">Hendrick Motorsports</a> was the Garage 56 entry, with seven-times Cup champion <a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Johnson" title="Jimmie Johnson">Jimmie Johnson</a>, 2009 Formula One world champion and NASCAR driver <a href="/wiki/Jenson_Button" title="Jenson Button">Jenson Button</a>, and 2010 Le Mans overall and LMP1 winner <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rockenfeller" title="Mike Rockenfeller">Mike Rockenfeller</a> driving the car. The car marked NASCAR's 75th anniversary, which coincided with the race's centenary.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chad_Knaus" title="Chad Knaus">Chad Knaus</a>, Johnson's crew chief during each of his Cup Series championships, was project manager, while the car bore #24 in honor of Hendrick vice chairman and former driver <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Gordon" title="Jeff Gordon">Jeff Gordon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drivers">Drivers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Drivers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2018_drivers_(28896068288).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2018_drivers_%2828896068288%29.jpg/220px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2018_drivers_%2828896068288%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2018_drivers_%2828896068288%29.jpg/330px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2018_drivers_%2828896068288%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2018_drivers_%2828896068288%29.jpg/440px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2018_drivers_%2828896068288%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6313" data-file-height="2427" /></a><figcaption>Drivers photograph from 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>Initially, there were no rules on the number of car drivers or how long they could drive. Although almost all teams used two drivers in the early decades, some Le Mans drivers such as <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Levegh" title="Pierre Levegh">Pierre Levegh</a> and <a href="/wiki/E.R._Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="E.R. Hall">Eddie Hall</a> attempted to run the race solo, hoping to save time by not having to change drivers. This practice was later banned. Until the 1980s, there were teams in which only two drivers competed, but by the end of the decade, the rules were changed to stipulate that at least three drivers must drive each car. </p><p>By the 1990s, due to the speeds of the cars and the strain it puts on drivers, additional rules to reduce driver fatigue mandated that drivers could not drive for over 240 minutes (over 4 hours) and that no one driver could run for over 840 minutes (14 hours) total. With careful management of driver stints, this makes it possible to complete the race with only two drivers (as <a href="/wiki/Jeroen_Bleekemolen" title="Jeroen Bleekemolen">Jeroen Bleekemolen</a> and Cooper MacNeil did in 2014), although the vast majority of teams still continue to use three drivers.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the driving time rules were further changed. If necessary, officials may require a drive time limit of 80 minutes of consecutive time behind the wheel and a minimum 30-minute rest break. The rule applies only if the air temperature is at least 32 °C (89.6 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditions_and_unique_rules">Traditions and unique rules</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Traditions and unique rules"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United-autosports-le-mans-2018-169_(41048826150).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/United-autosports-le-mans-2018-169_%2841048826150%29.jpg/220px-United-autosports-le-mans-2018-169_%2841048826150%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/United-autosports-le-mans-2018-169_%2841048826150%29.jpg/330px-United-autosports-le-mans-2018-169_%2841048826150%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/United-autosports-le-mans-2018-169_%2841048826150%29.jpg/440px-United-autosports-le-mans-2018-169_%2841048826150%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Fly-over with the tricolor of France</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lemans-20100613-final.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lemans-20100613-final.jpg/220px-Lemans-20100613-final.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lemans-20100613-final.jpg/330px-Lemans-20100613-final.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lemans-20100613-final.jpg/440px-Lemans-20100613-final.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="999" /></a><figcaption>Marshals waving safety flags to congratulate Audi in 2010 race</figcaption></figure> <p>Although it has been a part of the <a href="/wiki/World_Sportscar_Championship" title="World Sportscar Championship">World Sportscar Championship</a> for most of its existence, the race has had different regulations for safety and competition reasons partly due to its length. For many decades, cars had to run at least an hour into the race before they could refill fluids for the car, such as oil or coolant, except for fuel. This was an attempt by the ACO to help increase efficiency and reliability. Those who could not last the first hour without replacing lost fluids risked disqualification. </p><p>Another rule unique to Le Mans is that cars must be switched off while refueling in the pits. Not only is this safer and less of a fire hazard, but it is also another test of reliability, demanding a guaranteed ability to restart many times under race conditions. Another element of this rule is that mechanics are not allowed to work on the car while it is being refuelled (other than helping a driver in or out of the car), which has led teams to adapt innovative ways to decrease the time of these lengthy pit stops. Drivers can get out of the car and be replaced by another driver during refuelling. Those rules are also applied in the <a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a>. </p><p>There are various long-standing traditions at Le Mans, including the waving of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">French tricolor</a> to start the race. This is usually followed by a fly-over featuring jets trailing blue, white, and red smoke. A similar flag tradition is track marshals waving safety flags during the race's final lap, congratulating the winners and other finishers. </p><p>Le Mans was the venue for the first televised instance of a winning driver celebrating by spraying champagne instead of drinking it.<sup id="cite_ref-Miscellany_pg_82_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miscellany_pg_82-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Dan Gurney</a> won the <a href="/wiki/1967_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1967 24 Hours of Le Mans">1967</a> race with co-driver <a href="/wiki/A._J._Foyt" title="A. J. Foyt">A. J. Foyt</a>, the two drivers mounted the victory podium, and Gurney was handed a magnum of champagne. Looking down, he saw Ford CEO <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford_II" title="Henry Ford II">Henry Ford II</a>, team owner <a href="/wiki/Carroll_Shelby" title="Carroll Shelby">Carroll Shelby</a> and their wives, as well as several journalists who had predicted disaster for the high-profile duo. Gurney shook the bottle and sprayed everyone nearby. Gurney autographed and gave the bottle of champagne to <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></i> photographer <a href="/wiki/Flip_Schulke" title="Flip Schulke">Flip Schulke</a>, who used it as a lamp for years before returning it to Gurney.<sup id="cite_ref-champagne1_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-champagne1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-champagne2_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-champagne2-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Schedule">Schedule</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Schedule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United-autosports-le-mans-2018-141_(41019577000).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/United-autosports-le-mans-2018-141_%2841019577000%29.jpg/220px-United-autosports-le-mans-2018-141_%2841019577000%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/United-autosports-le-mans-2018-141_%2841019577000%29.jpg/330px-United-autosports-le-mans-2018-141_%2841019577000%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/United-autosports-le-mans-2018-141_%2841019577000%29.jpg/440px-United-autosports-le-mans-2018-141_%2841019577000%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Driver parade in Le Mans in 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>The first race was held on 26–27 May 1923 and has since been run annually in June with exceptions in 1956, when the race was held in July; 1968, when it was held in September due to nationwide <a href="/wiki/May_1968_events_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1968 events in France">political turmoil in May</a>; 2020, when it was moved to 19–20 September due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> outbreak; and 2021, when it was moved to 21–22 August. The race has been cancelled ten times—in 1936 (a labour strike during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>) and between 1940 and 1948 (World War II). </p><p>The race usually takes place on the second weekend of June, with qualifying and practice taking place on the Wednesday and Thursday before the race, following a car inspection on Monday and Tuesday. Currently, these sessions are held in the evening, with two separate two-hour sessions held each night. Friday serves as a day of rest, and a parade of all the drivers through <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a> is held. </p><p>Test days held at the end of April or beginning of May served as a pre-qualification weeding out the slowest cars. However, in 2005 the exorbitant cost of transporting cars to and from Le Mans led organizers to move the test day to the first weekend of June. Pre-qualification was eliminated in 2000, meaning that all competitors invited to the test would be allowed into the race. </p><p>Since 2001 the <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Legend" title="Le Mans Legend">Le Mans Legend</a> races have also been part of the schedule, usually running exhibition races during qualifying days, a few hours prior to the sessions for the Le Mans entrants. </p><p>From its inception, until 2008, the race started at 16:00 local time on Saturday, and consequently from 2009 to 2019, 2022 and come 2025 & hereafter it started at 15:00 local time, with the race returning to its original start time of 16:00 in 2021, 2023 and 2024 respectively. </p><p>The only exceptions were as follows: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Start Time </th> <th>Reason </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1968_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1968 24 Hours of Le Mans">1968</a> </td> <td>3:00pm </td> <td>Race being in September, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/May_1968_events_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1968 events in France">protests, strikes, and civil unrest in France</a> during the spring of 1968. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1969_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1969 24 Hours of Le Mans">1969</a> </td> <td>2:00pm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1969_French_presidential_election" title="1969 French presidential election">1969 French presidential election</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1984_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1984 24 Hours of Le Mans">1984</a> </td> <td>3:00pm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1984 European Parliament election in France">1984 European Parliament election in France</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1998_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1998 24 Hours of Le Mans">1998</a> </td> <td>2:00pm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1998_French_Open" title="1998 French Open">1998 French Open</a> final </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2006_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2006 24 Hours of Le Mans">2006</a> </td> <td>5:00pm </td> <td>To maximise television coverage between the <a href="/wiki/2006_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2006 FIFA World Cup">World Cup</a> games. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2007_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2007 24 Hours of Le Mans">2007</a> </td> <td>3:00pm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2007_French_legislative_election" title="2007 French legislative election">2007 French legislative election</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2020_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2020 24 Hours of Le Mans">2020</a> </td> <td>2:30pm </td> <td>Race being in September, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Covid-19" class="mw-redirect" title="Covid-19">Coronavirus Pandemic</a>. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Classification">Classification</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Initially, the car that covered the greatest distance from its starting position was the winner. This is known to have caught out the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> team in <a href="/wiki/1966_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1966 24 Hours of Le Mans">1966</a>. With a dominant 1–2 lead, the two cars slowed to allow for a <a href="/wiki/Photo_opportunity" class="mw-redirect" title="Photo opportunity">photo opportunity</a> at the finish line, with <a href="/wiki/Ken_Miles" title="Ken Miles">Ken Miles</a> slightly ahead of <a href="/wiki/Bruce_McLaren" title="Bruce McLaren">Bruce McLaren</a>. However, since McLaren's car had started much farther back on the grid than Miles's, McLaren's car had covered the greatest distance over the 24 hours. With the margin of victory determined to be eight metres, McLaren and his co-driver, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Amon" title="Chris Amon">Chris Amon</a>, were declared the winners. The decision cost Miles and <a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a> a victory. Miles had already won the other two endurance races at Sebring and Daytona. With a win at Le Mans, he would have become the first man to win all three and the first to win them all in the same year. </p><p>The "greatest distance" rule was modified with the introduction of a rolling start in 1971. Now, the car that completes the greatest distance as of the final lap's completion—where "greatest distance" is measured by the start/finish line for all competitors—wins. When two cars finish the same number of laps, their finishing order is determined by the faster overall completion time. This rule was used in the <a href="/wiki/2011_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2011 24 Hours of Le Mans">2011 24 Hours of Le Mans</a> to determine the race winner. The top two finishers completed 355 laps, with only 13 seconds difference between them.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although "greatest distance run" determines the provisional order of finishers, additional requirements must be met for a car to be classified.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>A car must complete the last lap of the race and complete the entire circuit faster than a prescribed maximum lap time. Ambiguity in this classification requirement has led to dramatic scenes where damaged cars have waited in the pits or on the edge of the track close to the finish line, restarted their engines, and crawled across the line to be listed amongst classified finishers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The practice of intentionally "waiting for the final lap" in this manner has been prohibited by rule in recent years.</li> <li>Cars must complete 70 percent of the distance covered by the overall winner to be classified. Even if it finishes the last lap of the race, a car failing to complete this number of laps is not deemed worthy of classification because of poor reliability or speed.</li></ul> <p>All classification requirements hold except in exceptional circumstances, as determined by the race stewards.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Le_Mans_start">Le Mans start</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Le Mans start"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Standing_start" title="Standing start">Standing start</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lemans_Circuit_Bugatti.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lemans_Circuit_Bugatti.JPG/220px-Lemans_Circuit_Bugatti.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lemans_Circuit_Bugatti.JPG/330px-Lemans_Circuit_Bugatti.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Lemans_Circuit_Bugatti.JPG/440px-Lemans_Circuit_Bugatti.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The permanent pits and pit straight for both the <i><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Circuit de la Sarthe</a></i> and Bugatti Circuit</figcaption></figure> <p>The race traditionally began with what became known as the <i>Le Mans start</i>, in which cars were lined up along the length of the pits. Until 1962, cars lined up by engine capacity. Beginning in 1963, qualifying times determined the lineup. The starting drivers stood on the opposite side of the front stretch. When the French flag dropped to signify the start, the drivers ran across the track, entered and started their cars without assistance, and drove away. This became a safety issue in the late 1960s when some drivers ignored their safety harnesses, then a recent invention. This led to drivers running the first few laps either improperly harnessed due to attempting to do it while driving or sometimes not even harnessed at all, leading to several deaths when cars were involved in accidents due to the bunched field at the start. </p><p>This starting method inspired <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a> to locate the ignition key switch to the left of the steering wheel. In a left-hand drive car, this allowed the driver to use his left hand to start the engine and his right hand to put the <a href="/wiki/Transmission_(mechanics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transmission (mechanics)">transmission</a> into gear, which in turn shaves off a few tenths of a second. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_Mans_2008_Rolling_start.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Le_Mans_2008_Rolling_start.jpg/220px-Le_Mans_2008_Rolling_start.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Le_Mans_2008_Rolling_start.jpg/330px-Le_Mans_2008_Rolling_start.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Le_Mans_2008_Rolling_start.jpg/440px-Le_Mans_2008_Rolling_start.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Rolling start of the <a href="/wiki/2008_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2008 24 Hours of Le Mans">2008</a> race</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Moss" title="Stirling Moss">Stirling Moss</a> developed another method for speeding up the start. His car was waiting with first gear already engaged. He switched the starter on when he jumped in without depressing the clutch. The starter motor immediately jerked the car forward, but the engine did not start due to low RPM. After a few seconds of motion, he pushed the clutch down, allowing the engine to speed up and start while the car was moving. </p><p>Feeling this type of start was unsafe, in the <a href="/wiki/1969_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1969 24 Hours of Le Mans">1969</a> race, <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Ickx" title="Jacky Ickx">Jacky Ickx</a> opposed it by walking across the track while his competitors ran. Although he was nearly hit by a faster competitor's car while walking, Ickx took the time to fasten his safety belts before pulling away. Privateer <a href="/wiki/John_Woolfe" title="John Woolfe">John Woolfe</a> died in an accident on the first lap of that race; Ickx won. </p><p>The traditional Le Mans start was changed for <a href="/wiki/1970_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1970 24 Hours of Le Mans">1970</a>. Cars were still lined up along the pit wall, but the drivers were already inside and strapped in. At the dropping of the French tricolor, the drivers started their engines and drove away. </p><p>Since 1971, a <a href="/wiki/Rolling_start" title="Rolling start">rolling start</a> (sometimes known as an <i><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis</a> start</i>) begins the race. While the cars do still start out lined up against the pit wall, when the green flag is waved the cars pull away one by one to begin a formation lap behind the <a href="/wiki/Safety_car" title="Safety car">safety car</a>; when that car returns to pits, the starter waves the French flag to start the race.<sup id="cite_ref-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Circuit">Circuit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Circuit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Circuit de la Sarthe</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="Special:EditPage/24 Hours of Le Mans">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22">"24 Hours of Le Mans"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%2224+Hours+of+Le+Mans%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg/220px-Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg/330px-Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg/440px-Circuit_de_la_Sarthe_track_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1424" data-file-height="983" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Circuit de la Sarthe</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Bugatti Circuit">Bugatti Circuit</a> (dashed line)</figcaption></figure> <p>The circuit on which the 24 Hours of Le Mans is run is named the <a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Circuit de la Sarthe</a>, after the <a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">department</a> that Le Mans is within. It consists of both permanent track and public roads temporarily closed for the race. Since 1923, the track has been extensively modified, mostly for safety reasons, and now is 13.626 km (8.467 mi) in length. Although it initially entered the town of Le Mans, the track was cut short to better protect spectators. This led to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Tyres" title="Dunlop Tyres">Dunlop</a> Curve and Tertre Rouge corners before rejoining the old circuit on the <a href="/wiki/Mulsanne_Straight" title="Mulsanne Straight">Mulsanne Straight</a>. Another major change was on the Mulsanne itself in 1990 when the <a href="/wiki/FIA" class="mw-redirect" title="FIA">FIA</a> decreed that it would no longer sanction any circuit that had a straight longer than 2 km (1.2 mi). To comply with this, two <a href="/wiki/Chicanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicanes">chicanes</a> were added to the 6-kilometre-long (3.7 mi) straight, dividing it into three pieces about 2 km each. The addition of the chicanes was further influenced by the fact that the speed of <a href="/wiki/Welter_Racing" title="Welter Racing">WM P88</a>-<a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a>, driven by French driver <a href="/wiki/Roger_Dorchy" title="Roger Dorchy">Roger Dorchy</a>, had been timed at 407 km/h (253 mph) during the <a href="/wiki/1988_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1988 24 Hours of Le Mans">1988</a> race. This was the record speed before the addition of the chicanes.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the shorter length of the straights, the speed record at Le Mans now, after the introduction of the chicanes, is 366 km/h (227 mph). Typically race cars achieve top speed of just under 320 km/h (200 mph) at the current track (with chicanes).<sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The public sections of the track differ from the permanent circuit, especially in comparison with the <a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe#Bugatti_Circuit" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Bugatti Circuit</a> which is inside the Circuit de la Sarthe. Due to heavy traffic, the public roads are not as smooth or well kept. They also offer less grip because of the lack of soft-tyre rubber laid down from racing cars, though this only affects the first few laps of the race. The roads are closed only within a few hours of the practice sessions and the race before being opened again almost as soon as the race is finished. Workers have to assemble and dismantle safety barriers every year for the public sections. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a list of individual race reports, see <a href="/wiki/Category:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_races" title="Category:24 Hours of Le Mans races">Category:24 Hours of Le Mans races</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1923–1939"><span id="1923.E2.80.931939"></span>1923–1939</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1923–1939"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1923Lemans.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1923Lemans.JPG/220px-1923Lemans.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/1923Lemans.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="259" data-file-height="175" /></a><figcaption>A poster for the <a href="/wiki/1923_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1923 24 Hours of Le Mans">1923 24 Hours of Le Mans</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The 24 Hours of Le Mans was <a href="/wiki/1923_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1923 24 Hours of Le Mans">first run on 26 and 27 May 1923</a>, through public roads around Le Mans. Originally planned to be a three-year event awarded the <a href="/wiki/Rudge-Whitworth" title="Rudge-Whitworth">Rudge-Whitworth</a> Triennial Cup, with a winner being declared by the car which could go the farthest distance over three consecutive 24-hour races, this idea was abandoned in 1928. Overall winners were declared for every year depending on who covered the farthest distance by the time 24 hours were up. The early races were dominated by French, British, and Italian drivers, teams, and cars, with <a href="/wiki/Bugatti" title="Bugatti">Bugatti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a> being the top brands. Innovations in car design began appearing at the track in the late 1930s, with Bugatti and Alfa Romeo running highly aerodynamic bodywork to run down the <a href="/wiki/Mulsanne_Straight" title="Mulsanne Straight">Mulsanne Straight</a> at faster speeds. The race was cancelled in 1936 due to <a href="/wiki/Matignon_Agreements_(1936)" title="Matignon Agreements (1936)">general strikes in France</a>, and the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in 1939 resulted in a ten-year hiatus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1949–1969"><span id="1949.E2.80.931969"></span>1949–1969</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1949–1969"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jaguar_Heritage_Racing_(7151624983).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Jaguar_Heritage_Racing_%287151624983%29.jpg/220px-Jaguar_Heritage_Racing_%287151624983%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Jaguar_Heritage_Racing_%287151624983%29.jpg/330px-Jaguar_Heritage_Racing_%287151624983%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Jaguar_Heritage_Racing_%287151624983%29.jpg/440px-Jaguar_Heritage_Racing_%287151624983%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>Jaguar D-Type in 1956</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the reconstruction of circuit facilities, the race was resumed in 1949<sup id="cite_ref-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with renewed interest from major automobile manufacturers. 1949 was also <a href="/wiki/Ferrari" title="Ferrari">Ferrari</a>'s first victory, the <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_166_S" title="Ferrari 166 S">166MM</a> of <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Chinetti" title="Luigi Chinetti">Luigi Chinetti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mitchell-Thomson,_2nd_Baron_Selsdon" title="Peter Mitchell-Thomson, 2nd Baron Selsdon">Peter Mitchell-Thomson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the formation of the <a href="/wiki/World_Sportscar_Championship" title="World Sportscar Championship">World Sportscar Championship</a> in 1953, of which Le Mans was a part, Ferrari, <a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin" title="Aston Martin">Aston Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaguar (car)">Jaguar</a> and many others began sending multiple cars backed by their respective factories to compete for overall wins against their competitors. This competitiveness sometimes resulted in tragedy, as in the <a href="/wiki/1955_Le_Mans_disaster" title="1955 Le Mans disaster">1955 Le Mans disaster</a> during the <a href="/wiki/1955_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1955 24 Hours of Le Mans">1955</a> race in which <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Levegh" title="Pierre Levegh">Pierre Levegh</a>'s car crashed into a crowd of spectators, killing more than 80 people. The incident led to the widespread introduction of safety measures, not only at the circuit but elsewhere in the motorsport world. The entire pit complex was razed and rebuilt further back following the accident, allowing the pit straight to be widened. However, there was still no barrier between the track and the pit lane. Safety standards improved, but the cars got faster. The move from open-cockpit roadsters to closed-cockpit coupés resulted in speeds of over 320 km/h (200 mph) on the Mulsanne. Ford entered the picture with the <a href="/wiki/Ford_GT40" title="Ford GT40">GT40</a>, finally ending Ferrari's dominance with four straight wins (1966–1969) before the 1960s ended and the cars and the race changed substantially. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970–1980"><span id="1970.E2.80.931980"></span>1970–1980</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1970–1980"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Renault_Alpine_A443_Donington_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Renault_Alpine_A443_Donington_2007.jpg/220px-Renault_Alpine_A443_Donington_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Renault_Alpine_A443_Donington_2007.jpg/330px-Renault_Alpine_A443_Donington_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Renault_Alpine_A443_Donington_2007.jpg/440px-Renault_Alpine_A443_Donington_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Renault_Alpine_A443" class="mw-redirect" title="Renault Alpine A443">Renault Alpine A443</a> from 1978</figcaption></figure> <p>In those years racing took a turn towards more extreme speeds and automotive designs. This contributed to the replacement of the typical standing <i>Le Mans start</i> with a rolling <i>Indianapolis start</i>. Purpose-built sportscars became the norm, with the traditional production-based cars now racing in lower classes. Porsche was dominant throughout the decade with their <a href="/wiki/Porsche_917" title="Porsche 917">917</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porsche_935" title="Porsche 935">935</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Porsche_936" title="Porsche 936">936</a> models. French manufacturers <a href="/wiki/Equipe_Matra_Sports" title="Equipe Matra Sports">Matra</a>-<a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a> also gained success, with the first victories for the nation since the 1950 race. Notably, 1978 saw the first win of a turbocharged engine with the <a href="/wiki/Renault_Alpine_A443" class="mw-redirect" title="Renault Alpine A443">Renault Alpine A443</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decade is also remembered for strong performances from many privateer constructors, with two scoring the only victories for a privateer in the decade. <a href="/wiki/John_Wyer" title="John Wyer">John Wyer</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mirage_(race_car)" title="Mirage (race car)">Mirage</a> won in <a href="/wiki/1975_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1975 24 Hours of Le Mans">1975</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Jean_Rondeau_(racing_driver)" title="Jean Rondeau (racing driver)">Jean Rondeau</a>'s self-titled chassis took <a href="/wiki/1980_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1980 24 Hours of Le Mans">1980</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1981–1993"><span id="1981.E2.80.931993"></span>1981–1993</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1981–1993"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Porsche_962_1988_Le_Mans_at_Silverstone_2007.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Porsche_962_1988_Le_Mans_at_Silverstone_2007.JPG/220px-Porsche_962_1988_Le_Mans_at_Silverstone_2007.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Porsche_962_1988_Le_Mans_at_Silverstone_2007.JPG/330px-Porsche_962_1988_Le_Mans_at_Silverstone_2007.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Porsche_962_1988_Le_Mans_at_Silverstone_2007.JPG/440px-Porsche_962_1988_Le_Mans_at_Silverstone_2007.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Group_C" title="Group C">Group C</a> <a href="/wiki/Porsche_962" title="Porsche 962">Porsche 962</a> from 1988</figcaption></figure> <p>The rest of the 1980s was known for the dominance by Porsche under the new <a href="/wiki/Group_C" title="Group C">Group C</a> race car formula that encouraged <a href="/wiki/Fuel_efficiency" title="Fuel efficiency">fuel efficiency</a>. Originally running the effective <a href="/wiki/Porsche_956" title="Porsche 956">956</a>, it was later replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Porsche_962" title="Porsche 962">962</a>. Both chassis were affordable enough for privateers to purchase them en masse, leading to the two model types winning six years in a row. Jaguar and Mercedes-Benz returned to sports car racing, with Jaguar being the first to break Porsche's dominance with victories in 1988 and 1990 (with the <a href="/wiki/XJR-9" class="mw-redirect" title="XJR-9">XJR-9</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_XJR-12" title="Jaguar XJR-12">Jaguar XJR-12</a> respectively). Mercedes-Benz won in 1989, with what was seen as the latest incarnation of the elegant "<a href="/wiki/Silver_Arrows" title="Silver Arrows">Silver Arrows</a>", the <a href="/wiki/Sauber_C9" title="Sauber C9">Sauber C9</a>, while an influx of Japanese manufacturer interest saw prototypes from <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> and Toyota. In qualifying for <a href="/wiki/1988_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans#Statistics" title="1988 24 Hours of Le Mans">the 1988 race</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Welter_Racing" title="Welter Racing">WM</a> <a href="/wiki/V6_PRV_engine#PRV_engines_in_racing" title="V6 PRV engine">Peugeot</a> – built for speed, not meant to (and it did not) endure 24 hours – set the never surpassed speed trap record of 407 km/h (253 mph)<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <i>Ligne Droite des Hunaudières</i>, famous for its 6 km (3.7 mi) long straight.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mazda" title="Mazda">Mazda</a> would be the first Japanese manufacturer to succeed, with their unique <a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">rotary</a>-powered <a href="/wiki/Mazda_787B" title="Mazda 787B">787B</a> winning in 1991. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peugeot905_evo1ter_1993.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Peugeot905_evo1ter_1993.jpg/220px-Peugeot905_evo1ter_1993.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Peugeot905_evo1ter_1993.jpg/330px-Peugeot905_evo1ter_1993.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Peugeot905_evo1ter_1993.jpg/440px-Peugeot905_evo1ter_1993.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="911" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Peugeot_905" title="Peugeot 905">Peugeot 905</a> from 1993</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1992 and 1993, Peugeot dominated the race with its <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_905" title="Peugeot 905">Peugeot 905</a> as the Group C formula and <a href="/wiki/World_Sportscar_Championship" title="World Sportscar Championship">World Sportscar Championship</a> were fading in participation. </p><p>The circuit would also undergo one of its most notable changes in <a href="/wiki/1990_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1990 24 Hours of Le Mans">1990</a>, when the 5 km long Mulsanne was modified<sup id="cite_ref-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours_39-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24_key_dates_for_the_24_Hours-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to include two chicanes in order to stop speeds of more than 400 km/h (250 mph) from being reached again. This began the ACO's trend to slow the cars on various portions of the track. However, speeds over 320 km/h (200 mph) are still regularly reached at various points on a lap. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1994–1999"><span id="1994.E2.80.931999"></span>1994–1999</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 1994–1999"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_mans_F40_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Le_mans_F40_1.jpg/220px-Le_mans_F40_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Le_mans_F40_1.jpg/330px-Le_mans_F40_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Le_mans_F40_1.jpg/440px-Le_mans_F40_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1890" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ferrari_F40" title="Ferrari F40">Ferrari F40</a> in 1995 race</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the demise of the <a href="/wiki/World_Sportscar_Championship" title="World Sportscar Championship">World Sportscar Championship</a>, Le Mans saw a resurgence of production-based <a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">grand tourer</a> cars. Thanks to a loophole in the rules, Porsche succeeded in convincing the ACO that a <a href="/wiki/Dauer_962_Le_Mans" title="Dauer 962 Le Mans">Dauer 962 Le Mans</a> supercar was a production car, allowing Porsche to race their <a href="/wiki/Porsche_962" title="Porsche 962">Porsche 962</a> for one final time, dominating the field. Although the ACO attempted to close the loophole for 1995, newcomer <a href="/wiki/McLaren_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="McLaren Cars">McLaren</a> would win the race in their supercar's first appearance thanks to the reliability of the BMW V12 powered <a href="/wiki/McLaren_F1_GTR" title="McLaren F1 GTR">F1 GTR</a>, beating faster yet more trouble-prone prototypes. The trend would continue through the 1990s as more exotic supercars were built in order to skirt the ACO's rules regarding production-based race cars, leading to <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a>, Toyota, Nissan, <a href="/wiki/Panoz" title="Panoz">Panoz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Cars" title="Lotus Cars">Lotus</a> entering the GT categories. This culminated in the <a href="/wiki/1999_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1999 24 Hours of Le Mans">1999</a> event, in which these GT cars were faced with the <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype" title="Le Mans Prototype">Le Mans Prototypes</a> of <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferrari" title="Ferrari">Ferrari</a>. BMW would survive with the victory, their first and only overall Le Mans win to date. At the same time, Mercedes left sportscar racing indefinitely following three catastrophic though non-fatal crashes stemming from severe aerodynamic flaws with their <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_CLR" title="Mercedes-Benz CLR">CLR</a>. </p><p>This strong manufacturer influence led the ACO to lend the Le Mans name to a sports car series in the United States in 1999, known as the <a href="/wiki/American_Le_Mans_Series" title="American Le Mans Series">American Le Mans Series</a>, which ran until the end of the <a href="/wiki/2013_American_Le_Mans_Series_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 American Le Mans Series season">2013 season</a> after which it merged with <a href="/wiki/Grand-Am_Road_Racing" title="Grand-Am Road Racing">Grand-Am</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/United_SportsCar_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="United SportsCar Championship">United SportsCar Championship</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000–2005"><span id="2000.E2.80.932005"></span>2000–2005</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 2000–2005"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Audi_R8_LMP,_Le_Mans_2000_(museum_mobile_2013-09-03).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Audi_R8_LMP%2C_Le_Mans_2000_%28museum_mobile_2013-09-03%29.JPG/220px-Audi_R8_LMP%2C_Le_Mans_2000_%28museum_mobile_2013-09-03%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Audi_R8_LMP%2C_Le_Mans_2000_%28museum_mobile_2013-09-03%29.JPG/330px-Audi_R8_LMP%2C_Le_Mans_2000_%28museum_mobile_2013-09-03%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Audi_R8_LMP%2C_Le_Mans_2000_%28museum_mobile_2013-09-03%29.JPG/440px-Audi_R8_LMP%2C_Le_Mans_2000_%28museum_mobile_2013-09-03%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4534" data-file-height="3022" /></a><figcaption>Audi R8</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2003_Bentley_Speed_8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/2003_Bentley_Speed_8.jpg/220px-2003_Bentley_Speed_8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/2003_Bentley_Speed_8.jpg/330px-2003_Bentley_Speed_8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/2003_Bentley_Speed_8.jpg/440px-2003_Bentley_Speed_8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Bentley Speed 8</figcaption></figure> <p>Many major automobile manufacturers withdrew from sports car racing after 1999 due to the high cost. Only Cadillac and Audi remained, and Audi easily dominated with the <a href="/wiki/Audi_R8_(race_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Audi R8 (race car)">R8</a>. Cadillac pulled out three years later, and attempts by Panoz, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a>, and <a href="/wiki/MG_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="MG (car)">MG</a> to beat Audi all fell short. After three victories in a row, Audi provided engine, team staff, and drivers to <a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley</a>, a corporate partner, which had returned in 2001. In 2003, the factory <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Speed_8" title="Bentley Speed 8">Bentley Speed 8s</a> beat privateer Audis. The Chevrolet Corvette Racing Team and their C5-R won several times in the GTS class, finishing 1st and 2nd in 2001, 2002, and 2004. They finished 2nd and 3rd in 2003 behind Ferrari. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2006–2013"><span id="2006.E2.80.932013"></span>2006–2013</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 2006–2013"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Audi_R10_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Audi_R10_1.JPG/220px-Audi_R10_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Audi_R10_1.JPG/330px-Audi_R10_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Audi_R10_1.JPG/440px-Audi_R10_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2520" data-file-height="1411" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel</a>-powered Audi R10 TDI</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2010_-_Audi_Sport_Team_Joest_8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2010_-_Audi_Sport_Team_Joest_8.jpg/220px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2010_-_Audi_Sport_Team_Joest_8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2010_-_Audi_Sport_Team_Joest_8.jpg/330px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2010_-_Audi_Sport_Team_Joest_8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2010_-_Audi_Sport_Team_Joest_8.jpg/440px-24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_2010_-_Audi_Sport_Team_Joest_8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2813" data-file-height="2009" /></a><figcaption>Audi R15 TDI</figcaption></figure><p> At the end of 2005, after five overall victories for the R8, and six to its V8 turbo engine, Audi took on a new challenge by introducing a <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel engined</a> prototype known as the <a href="/wiki/Audi_R10_TDI" title="Audi R10 TDI">R10 TDI</a>. Although not the first diesel to race, it was the first to win at Le Mans. This era saw other alternative fuel sources used, including <a href="/wiki/Bio-ethanol" class="mw-redirect" title="Bio-ethanol">bio-ethanol</a>. At the same time, Peugeot decided to follow Audi's lead and pursue a diesel entry in 2007 with their <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_908_HDi_FAP" title="Peugeot 908 HDi FAP">908 HDi FAP</a>. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peugeot_908_24_Hours_Le_Mans_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Peugeot_908_24_Hours_Le_Mans_2009.jpg/220px-Peugeot_908_24_Hours_Le_Mans_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Peugeot_908_24_Hours_Le_Mans_2009.jpg/330px-Peugeot_908_24_Hours_Le_Mans_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Peugeot_908_24_Hours_Le_Mans_2009.jpg/440px-Peugeot_908_24_Hours_Le_Mans_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="929" /></a><figcaption>Peugeot 908 HDi FAP</figcaption></figure><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2008_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2008 24 Hours of Le Mans">2008 race</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Audi_R10_TDI" title="Audi R10 TDI">Audi R10 TDI</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_908_HDi_FAP" title="Peugeot 908 HDi FAP">Peugeot 908 HDi FAP</a>, the Audi won by a margin of fewer than 10 minutes. For the <a href="/wiki/2009_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2009 24 Hours of Le Mans">2009 24 Hours of Le Mans</a>, Peugeot introduced a new energy-recovery system similar to the <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy_recovery_system" title="Kinetic energy recovery system">KERS</a> used in <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aston Martin entered the <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype" title="Le Mans Prototype">LMP1</a> category, but still raced in <a href="/wiki/FIA_GT1_World_Championship" title="FIA GT1 World Championship">GT1</a> with private teams. Audi returned with the new R15 TDI, but Peugeot prevailed in its first overall win since 1993. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2010_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2010 24 Hours of Le Mans">2010</a> running reaffirmed the race as a test of endurance and reliability. Peugeot chose overall speed in adjusting their cars and engines to adhere to the 2010 regulations, while Audi chose reliability. All four Peugeots had retired at the end of the race, three due to engine failure, while Audi finished 1–2–3. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2011_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2011 24 Hours of Le Mans">2011</a> and <a href="/wiki/2012_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2012 24 Hours of Le Mans">2012</a> races were marred by a series of accidents. In 2011, the Audi driven by Allan McNish crashed heavily in the first hour, barrel rolling into a tire wall shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Bridge" title="Dunlop Bridge">Dunlop Bridge</a>. At night, the defending race-winning Audi driven by <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rockenfeller" title="Mike Rockenfeller">Mike Rockenfeller</a> crashed similarly between the Mulsanne and Indianapolis corners. Neither driver was injured, nor were any spectators. The third Audi entry was driven by <a href="/wiki/Marcel_F%C3%A4ssler_(racing_driver)" title="Marcel Fässler (racing driver)">Marcel Fässler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Lotterer" title="André Lotterer">André Lotterer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Tr%C3%A9luyer" title="Benoît Tréluyer">Benoît Tréluyer</a> won the race. The 2012 race saw two factory Toyotas replace Peugeot, which had withdrawn earlier, but one flipped at Mulsanne Corner. Driver <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Davidson" title="Anthony Davidson">Anthony Davidson</a> suffered two broken vertebrae but could exit the car himself. Shortly after sunset, the other Toyota retired with mechanical difficulties, giving Audi another victory. </p><p>In 2011, the race became the premier round of the <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Le_Mans_Cup" title="Intercontinental Le Mans Cup">Intercontinental Le Mans Cup</a>, attempting to make a world championship for endurance racing again. In <a href="/wiki/2012_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2012 24 Hours of Le Mans">2012</a>, the race became the centerpiece of the <a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a>, the successor to the ILMC. The 2012 event was the first time the race was won by a <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">hybrid electric vehicle</a>, which was the <a href="/wiki/Audi_R18#R18_e-tron_quattro" title="Audi R18">Audi R18 e-tron quattro</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014–2020"><span id="2014.E2.80.932020"></span>2014–2020</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 2014–2020"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Porsche_919_Hybrid_-_Audi_R18_e-tron_quattro_(18866096545).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Porsche_919_Hybrid_-_Audi_R18_e-tron_quattro_%2818866096545%29.jpg/220px-Porsche_919_Hybrid_-_Audi_R18_e-tron_quattro_%2818866096545%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Porsche_919_Hybrid_-_Audi_R18_e-tron_quattro_%2818866096545%29.jpg/330px-Porsche_919_Hybrid_-_Audi_R18_e-tron_quattro_%2818866096545%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Porsche_919_Hybrid_-_Audi_R18_e-tron_quattro_%2818866096545%29.jpg/440px-Porsche_919_Hybrid_-_Audi_R18_e-tron_quattro_%2818866096545%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Porsche_919_Hybrid" title="Porsche 919 Hybrid">Porsche 919 Hybrid</a> in the front of <a href="/wiki/Audi_R18" title="Audi R18">Audi R18</a> in 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>Regulations were changed for <a href="/wiki/2014_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2014 24 Hours of Le Mans">2014</a>, notably with a requirement that all LMP1 cars must be closed-cockpit, some changes to the hybrid system, and the introduction of the slow zone system.<sup id="cite_ref-Slow_Zones_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slow_Zones-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Porsche returned to Le Mans in 2014 with a new factory LMP1 program, and Nissan returned to run an LMP1 program in <a href="/wiki/2015_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2015 24 Hours of Le Mans">2015</a>. Audi withdrew from racing at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in <a href="/wiki/2016_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2016 24 Hours of Le Mans">2016</a> and Nissan after only one attempt in 2015. </p><p>Porsche won the race in 2015, 2016, and <a href="/wiki/2017_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2017 24 Hours of Le Mans">2017</a> with its <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">hybrid</a> <a href="/wiki/Porsche_919_Hybrid" title="Porsche 919 Hybrid">919</a>, and remains the most successful manufacturer at Le Mans, with 19 overall victories. </p><p>In 2017, changes were made to the LMP2 regulations on cockpit and chassis, meaning all prototype cars must be closed-cockpit. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/2018_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2018 24 Hours of Le Mans">2018</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota_in_motorsport" title="Toyota in motorsport">Toyota</a> won their first Le Mans with <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Alonso" title="Fernando Alonso">Fernando Alonso</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Buemi" title="Sébastien Buemi">Sébastien Buemi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kazuki_Nakajima" title="Kazuki Nakajima">Kazuki Nakajima</a> driving. Toyota won the race again in <a href="/wiki/2019_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2019 24 Hours of Le Mans">2019</a>, <a href="/wiki/2020_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2020 24 Hours of Le Mans">2020</a>, <a href="/wiki/2021_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2021 24 Hours of Le Mans">2021</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2022_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2022 24 Hours of Le Mans">2022</a>. </p><p>2020 also saw the race held <a href="/wiki/Behind_closed_doors_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Behind closed doors (sports)">behind closed doors</a> for the first time due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021–present"><span id="2021.E2.80.93present"></span>2021–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 2021–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_(54094762510).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_%2854094762510%29.jpg/220px-2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_%2854094762510%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_%2854094762510%29.jpg/330px-2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_%2854094762510%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_%2854094762510%29.jpg/440px-2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_%2854094762510%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5251" data-file-height="2938" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Porsche_963" title="Porsche 963">Porsche 963</a> in the front of <a href="/wiki/Isotta_Fraschini_Tipo_6_LMH-C" title="Isotta Fraschini Tipo 6 LMH-C">Isotta Fraschini Tipo 6 LMH-C</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/Oreca_07" title="Oreca 07">Oreca 07</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ford_Mustang_GT3" title="Ford Mustang GT3">Ford Mustang GT3</a> in 2024</figcaption></figure> <p>2021 saw the introduction of the Hypercar class, a class which allows for <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Hypercar" title="Le Mans Hypercar">Le Mans Hypercars</a> and from 2023 onwards also <a href="/wiki/LMDh" title="LMDh">LMDh</a> cars to participate. 2021 saw the race once again being postponed, this time to August. For 2021 and 2022, non-hybrid LMP1 cars were allowed to participate as "grandfathered" LMP1 cars, although only Alpine would make use of this.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other entries in the hypercar class were Toyota and privateer team Glickenhaus. The new Hypercar regulations allowed manufacturers more freedom with the design, leading to cars such as the wingless <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_9X8" title="Peugeot 9X8">Peugeot 9X8</a> (entering) in 2022 and many other unique designs which will be added. The LMP2 regulations were extended to 2024 with the next generation LMP2 cars, which are also used as chassis for the LMDh cars, is said to be introduced in 2025. 2025 will likely also see the introduction of hydrogen powered prototypes which will race for the overall victory.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former LMGTE class was also replaced by LMGT3 in 2024. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Innovations">Innovations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Innovations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le Mans has seen many innovations in <a href="/wiki/Automotive_design" title="Automotive design">automotive design</a> to counteract the circuit's difficulties. These have either been dictated by rules or have been attempts by manufacturers to outwit the competition. Some innovations were incorporated into the everyday automobile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aerodynamics">Aerodynamics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Aerodynamics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Porsche_908_Langheck_am_1981-08-15.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Porsche_908_Langheck_am_1981-08-15.jpg/220px-Porsche_908_Langheck_am_1981-08-15.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Porsche_908_Langheck_am_1981-08-15.jpg/330px-Porsche_908_Langheck_am_1981-08-15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Porsche_908_Langheck_am_1981-08-15.jpg/440px-Porsche_908_Langheck_am_1981-08-15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1118" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption>A 1969 <a href="/wiki/Porsche_908" title="Porsche 908">Porsche 908 <i>Langheck</i></a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1950_Cadillac_%22Le_Monstre%22_(44400201204).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/1950_Cadillac_%22Le_Monstre%22_%2844400201204%29.jpg/220px-1950_Cadillac_%22Le_Monstre%22_%2844400201204%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/1950_Cadillac_%22Le_Monstre%22_%2844400201204%29.jpg/330px-1950_Cadillac_%22Le_Monstre%22_%2844400201204%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/1950_Cadillac_%22Le_Monstre%22_%2844400201204%29.jpg/440px-1950_Cadillac_%22Le_Monstre%22_%2844400201204%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5286" data-file-height="3439" /></a><figcaption>The 1950 Cadillac <i>Le Monstre</i></figcaption></figure> <p>One of the keys to Le Mans is top speed due to the long straights that dominate the circuit. This has meant cars have attempted to achieve the maximum speeds possible instead of relying on downforce for the turns. While early competitors' cars were street cars with their bodywork removed to reduce weight, innovators like <a href="/wiki/Bugatti" title="Bugatti">Bugatti</a> developed cars that saw the beginnings of aerodynamics. Nicknamed <i>tanks</i> due to their similarity to military tanks in World War I, these cars used simple curves to cover all the car's mechanical elements and increase top speed. Once Le Mans returned after World War II, most manufacturers would adopt closed bodies streamlined for better aerodynamics. A notable example of the changes brought about by aerodynamics are the 1950 entries by <a href="/wiki/Briggs_Cunningham" title="Briggs Cunningham">Briggs Cunningham</a>. Cunningham entered two 1950 <a href="/wiki/Cadillac_Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadillac Coupe de Ville">Cadillac Coupe de Villes</a>, one nearly stock and the other completely rebodied in a streamlined aluminum shape developed by <a href="/wiki/Grumman" title="Grumman">Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation</a> that looked so unusual that it was nicknamed "Le Monstre" by the French press. The smoothing of body shapes and fairing-in of various parts of the machine brought about by the continual search for reduction of <a href="/wiki/Aerodynamic_drag" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerodynamic drag">aerodynamic drag</a> led to a separation from <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motor_racing" title="Grand Prix motor racing">Grand Prix</a> cars, which rarely had large bodywork. </p><p>As the years went on, bodywork became all-enveloping, while at the same time lighter. The larger bodywork with spoilers was able to provide more downforce for the turns without increasing the <a href="/wiki/Drag_(physics)" title="Drag (physics)">drag</a>, allowing cars to maintain high speeds. Extended bodywork would usually concentrate on the car's rear, usually being termed <i>long tail</i>. The bodywork also began to cover the cockpit for less drag. However, open cockpits would come and go over the years as rules varied. Aerodynamics reached its peak in 1989 before the Mulsanne Straight was modified. During the <a href="/wiki/1988_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1988 24 Hours of Le Mans">1988</a> race, the crew of a <a href="/wiki/PRV_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="PRV engine">Peugeot</a> powered <a href="/wiki/Welter_Racing" title="Welter Racing">WM</a> prototype taped over the engine openings, allowing <a href="/wiki/Roger_Dorchy" title="Roger Dorchy">Roger Dorchy</a> to set a recorded speed of 407 km/h (253 mph) down the Mulsanne. However, the car was almost undrivable elsewhere on the circuit. The engine was soon destroyed from a lack of cooling.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, for the <a href="/wiki/1989_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1989 24 Hours of Le Mans">1989</a> event, the <a href="/wiki/Sauber_C9" title="Sauber C9">Mercedes-Benz C9</a> reached 400 km/h (249 mph) under qualifying conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Engines">Engines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Engines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1929_Bentley_front_34_left_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1929_Bentley_front_34_left_2.jpg/220px-1929_Bentley_front_34_left_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1929_Bentley_front_34_left_2.jpg/330px-1929_Bentley_front_34_left_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/1929_Bentley_front_34_left_2.jpg/440px-1929_Bentley_front_34_left_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1035" data-file-height="886" /></a><figcaption>A 1929 <a href="/wiki/Supercharging" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercharging">supercharged</a> <a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mazda-787B-No55-July2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Mazda-787B-No55-July2011.jpg/220px-Mazda-787B-No55-July2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Mazda-787B-No55-July2011.jpg/330px-Mazda-787B-No55-July2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Mazda-787B-No55-July2011.jpg/440px-Mazda-787B-No55-July2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>1991 Mazda 787B, the only Le Mans winner with Wankel engine</figcaption></figure> <p>A wide variety of engines have competed at Le Mans in attempts to achieve greater speed and have better <a href="/wiki/Fuel_economy_in_automobiles" title="Fuel economy in automobiles">fuel economy</a> and spend less time in the pits. Engine sizes have also varied greatly, with the smallest engines being a mere 569 cc (<a href="/wiki/Simca_5" title="Simca 5">Simca Cinq</a>) and the largest upwards of 8,000 cc (<a href="/wiki/SRT_Viper" class="mw-redirect" title="SRT Viper">SRT Viper</a> GTS-R). <a href="/wiki/Supercharging" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercharging">Supercharging</a> was an early innovation for increasing output, first being raced in <a href="/wiki/1929_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1929 24 Hours of Le Mans">1929</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Turbocharging" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbocharging">turbocharging</a> would not appear until <a href="/wiki/1974_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1974 24 Hours of Le Mans">1974</a>. </p><p>The first car to enter without an engine run by pistons would be in <a href="/wiki/1963_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1963 24 Hours of Le Mans">1963</a>, when <a href="/wiki/Rover_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rover (car)">Rover</a> partnered with <a href="/wiki/British_Racing_Motors" title="British Racing Motors">British Racing Motors</a> to run a <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbine</a> with mixed success, repeating in <a href="/wiki/1965_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1965 24 Hours of Le Mans">1965</a>. The American Howmet Corporation would attempt to rerun a turbine in <a href="/wiki/1968_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1968 24 Hours of Le Mans">1968</a> with even less success. Although the engines offered great power, they were hot and not fuel-efficient. </p><p>Another non-piston engine that would appear would be a <a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel engine</a>, otherwise known as the rotary engine. Run entirely by <a href="/wiki/Mazda" title="Mazda">Mazda</a> since its introduction in 1970, the compact engine would also suffer from fuel economy problems like the turbine had, yet would see the success that the turbine lacked. After many years of development, Mazda finally succeeded in being the only winner of the race not to have a piston-powered engine, taking the <a href="/wiki/1991_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1991 24 Hours of Le Mans">1991</a> event with the <a href="/wiki/Mazda_787B" title="Mazda 787B">787B</a>. </p><p>Alternative fuel sources would also play a part in more normal engine designs, with the first non-gasoline car appearing in <a href="/wiki/1949_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1949 24 Hours of Le Mans">1949</a>. The Delettrez Special would be powered by a <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel engine</a>. In contrast, a second diesel would appear in the form of the M.A.P. the following year. Although diesel would appear at other times over the race existence, it would not be until 2006 when a prominent manufacturer, Audi, would invest in diesel and finally succeed, with the <a href="/wiki/Audi_R10_TDI" title="Audi R10 TDI">R10 TDI</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ethanol_fuel" title="Ethanol fuel">Ethanol fuel</a> appeared in 1980 in a modified <a href="/wiki/Porsche_911" title="Porsche 911">Porsche 911</a>, leading to a class win. Alternative biological fuel sources returned again in <a href="/wiki/2004_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2004 24 Hours of Le Mans">2004</a> with Team Nasamax's DM139-<a href="/wiki/Judd_(engine)" title="Judd (engine)">Judd</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Biofuels" class="mw-redirect" title="Biofuels">biofuels</a> (10% <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a> for petrol engines and <a href="/wiki/Biodiesel" title="Biodiesel">biodiesel</a> for diesel engines) were allowed. Audi was the first to use next-generation 10% <a href="/wiki/Biomass_to_liquid" title="Biomass to liquid">BTL</a> biodiesel developed by <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Dutch Shell">Shell</a> and manufactured from <a href="/wiki/Biomass" title="Biomass">biomass</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 2009, new regulations allowed hybrid vehicles with either <a href="/wiki/KERS" class="mw-redirect" title="KERS">KERS</a> or <a href="/wiki/Thermal_Energy_Recovery_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermal Energy Recovery System">TERS</a> (Kinetic/Thermal Energy Recovery System) setups. However, only electrical (i.e., batteries) energy storage was allowed, ruling out <a href="/wiki/Flywheel" title="Flywheel">flywheel</a>-based energy recovery.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cars with KERS were allowed to race in 2009 under specific classification rules. Since 2010, they have competed for points and the championship. In 2012 the first KERS-equipped car won; the <a href="/wiki/Audi_R18#R18_e-tron_quattro" title="Audi R18">Audi R18 e-tron</a> with a flywheel hybrid system by <a href="/wiki/Williams_Hybrid_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Hybrid Power">Williams Hybrid Power</a> activated and drove the front wheels. This was only allowed in certain zones after the car had accelerated to at least 120 km/h to cancel out the acceleration advantage that all-wheel-drive cars could gain out of corners. In the same year, Toyota also started with a hybrid car, the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_TS030_Hybrid" title="Toyota TS030 Hybrid">TS030</a>, which used KERS to power its rear wheels, meaning its usage was not restricted. </p><p>In 2025, the Automobile Club de l’Ouest is planning to introduce a <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_electric_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrogen electric vehicle">hydrogen-electric</a> prototype class. This class will be a one-design class with a chassis provided by Red Bull Advanced Technologies-Oreca and a powertrain supplied by GreenGT. The development of the hydrogen fuel cells powering the cars will be left to the teams themselves. According to the ACO's president Pierre Fillon, there is also a possibility of the cars being powered by a <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_internal_combustion_engine_vehicle" title="Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle">hydrogen combustion engine.</a> The performance of the class is expected to be competitive with the top Hypercar class.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brakes">Brakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Brakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With increased speeds around the track, brakes become a key issue for teams attempting to safely bring their cars down to a slow enough speed to make the Mulsanne Corner turn. <a href="/wiki/Disc_brake" title="Disc brake">Disc brakes</a> were first seen in 1953 when the <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_C-Type" title="Jaguar C-Type">Jaguar C-Type</a> raced at Le Mans. In 1955 the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_300_SLR" title="Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR">Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR</a> introduced the <a href="/wiki/Air_brake_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Air brake (aircraft)">air brake</a> using a large opening hood on the rear of the car. <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> used a quick change brake rotor in 1966 to achieve their first victory at Le Mans.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1980s, <a href="/wiki/Anti-lock_braking_system" title="Anti-lock braking system">anti-lock braking systems</a> became standard on most <a href="/wiki/Group_C" title="Group C">Group C</a> cars as a safety measure, making it less likely that cars lose control at high speeds. By the late 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Reinforced_carbon-carbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Reinforced carbon-carbon">reinforced carbon-carbon</a> brakes were adopted for better stopping power. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Winners">Winners</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Winners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a list of winning drivers, teams, and cars, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_winners" title="List of 24 Hours of Le Mans winners">List of 24 Hours of Le Mans winners</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tom_Kristensen_2014-06-10_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tom_Kristensen_2014-06-10_001.jpg/219px-Tom_Kristensen_2014-06-10_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tom_Kristensen_2014-06-10_001.jpg/328px-Tom_Kristensen_2014-06-10_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tom_Kristensen_2014-06-10_001.jpg/437px-Tom_Kristensen_2014-06-10_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3307" data-file-height="4960" /></a><figcaption>The most successful participant of all time at Le Mans, Danish driver <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kristensen_(racing_driver)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Kristensen (racing driver)">Tom Kristensen</a>, has nine wins (7 with <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a>), the latest in 2013.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hall_of_fame_Le_Mans-winners_2013.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hall_of_fame_Le_Mans-winners_2013.JPG/220px-Hall_of_fame_Le_Mans-winners_2013.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hall_of_fame_Le_Mans-winners_2013.JPG/330px-Hall_of_fame_Le_Mans-winners_2013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hall_of_fame_Le_Mans-winners_2013.JPG/440px-Hall_of_fame_Le_Mans-winners_2013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1563" data-file-height="1163" /></a><figcaption>Tom Kristensen in the Walk of fame <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a>-Winners 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>Over the years, many manufacturers have managed to take the overall win, while even more have taken class wins. The most successful marque in the history of the race is <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a>, which has taken nineteen overall victories, including seven in a row from 1981 to 1987 and 107 class victories. <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a> is next with thirteen wins,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ferrari" title="Ferrari">Ferrari</a> follows with eleven, also including six in a row from 1960 to 1965. Since 2000 Audi has dominated the event, winning 13 times in 15 years of participation.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Audi and <a href="/wiki/Team_Joest" class="mw-redirect" title="Team Joest">Team Joest</a> have had two hat-tricks, the first being in 2000, 2001, and 2002. <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_Cars" title="Jaguar Cars">Jaguar</a> has seven wins. In contrast, <a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> all won four races in a row, with Bentley recording two additional victories in other years. In 2018, Toyota became only the second Japanese marque to win, following Mazda in 1991. Mazda is also the only company to win with a <a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">rotary</a> engine. After Porsche's total of 107 class victories, Ferrari has 37, and <a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin" title="Aston Martin">Aston Martin</a>, Audi, and <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a> each have 14. </p><p>Three drivers stand apart for their number of victories. Initially, <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Ickx" title="Jacky Ickx">Jacky Ickx</a> held the record at six, scoring victories between 1969 and <a href="/wiki/1982_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1982 24 Hours of Le Mans">1982</a>, earning him honorary citizenship to the town of Le Mans. His frequent racing partner, <a href="/wiki/Derek_Bell_(racing_driver)" title="Derek Bell (racing driver)">Derek Bell</a>, trailing by a single win, with five. However, Dane <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kristensen_(racing_driver)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Kristensen (racing driver)">Tom Kristensen</a> has beaten this record with nine wins between <a href="/wiki/1997_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1997 24 Hours of Le Mans">1997</a> and 2013, including six in a row. Three-time winner <a href="/wiki/Woolf_Barnato" title="Woolf Barnato">Woolf Barnato</a> (<a href="/wiki/1928_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1928 24 Hours of Le Mans">1928</a> to <a href="/wiki/1930_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1930 24 Hours of Le Mans">1930</a>), <a href="/wiki/Luis_Font%C3%A9s" title="Luis Fontés">Luis Fontés</a> (1935), American racing legend <a href="/wiki/A._J._Foyt" title="A. J. Foyt">A. J. Foyt</a> (1967), <a href="/wiki/Nico_H%C3%BClkenberg" title="Nico Hülkenberg">Nico Hülkenberg</a> (2015), and <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Alonso" title="Fernando Alonso">Fernando Alonso</a> (2018–2019) are the only drivers to have won every Le Mans in which they participated. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Henri_Pescarolo" title="Henri Pescarolo">Henri Pescarolo</a> won the race four times, and holds the record for the most Le Mans appearances at 33. Japan's <a href="/wiki/Yojiro_Terada" title="Yojiro Terada">Yojiro Terada</a> was active as a driver until 2008, and holds the record for the most Le Mans starts without an overall win. <a href="/wiki/Claude_Ballot-L%C3%A9na" title="Claude Ballot-Léna">Claude Ballot-Léna</a> holds the most class victories other than Kristensen with seven wins in GT class cars between 1970 and 1986. <a href="/wiki/Graham_Hill" title="Graham Hill">Graham Hill</a> is the only driver to win the so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Motorsport" title="Triple Crown of Motorsport">Triple Crown of Motorsport</a></i>, winning the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a> (1966), <a href="/wiki/Monaco_Grand_Prix" title="Monaco Grand Prix">Monaco Grand Prix</a> (1963, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1969), and the 24 Hours of Le Mans (1972).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents">Accidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Accidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_fatal_accidents" class="mw-redirect" title="List of 24 Hours of Le Mans fatal accidents">List of 24 Hours of Le Mans fatal accidents</a></div> <p>Le Mans has seen many fatal accidents due partly to the very high-speed nature of all variants of the track throughout history. The <a href="/wiki/1955_Le_Mans_disaster" title="1955 Le Mans disaster">largest one</a> was in <a href="/wiki/1955_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1955 24 Hours of Le Mans">1955</a> when 83 spectators and driver <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Levegh" title="Pierre Levegh">Pierre Levegh</a> were killed. In the wake of the disaster, many races were cancelled, including the Grand Prix races in <a href="/wiki/German_Grand_Prix" title="German Grand Prix">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Grand_Prix" title="Spanish Grand Prix">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Grand_Prix" title="French Grand Prix">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Grand_Prix" title="Swiss Grand Prix">Switzerland</a> (the latter as a part of a blanket ban on motorsport round-track races that was maintained until 2018).<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The accident led to safety regulations in all motorsports for both driver and spectator protection. </p><p>Almost all decades in which Le Mans has been run have seen their fair share of horrific accidents, such as in <a href="/wiki/1972_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1972 24 Hours of Le Mans">1972</a> when Swede <a href="/wiki/Jo_Bonnier" title="Jo Bonnier">Jo Bonnier</a> was catapulted into a forest surrounding the circuit after hitting a privately entered Ferrari near the Indianapolis section; Bonnier was killed instantly. The 1980s was a decade where some of the race's worst-ever accidents occurred. Although Armco barriers had been installed along the straight in 1969, there were still no chicanes on the Mulsanne Straight. It was here that almost all of the worst accidents occurred during that time. The prototypes, most of which were equipped with very powerful turbocharged engines in those days, were capable of doing more than 390–400 km/h (240–250 mph) before reaching the kink and would still be doing the same kind of speeds at the end of the 5.8-kilometre (3.6 mi) straight—and even through the kink, which was a flat-out bend for all the cars on the track. In <a href="/wiki/1981_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1981 24 Hours of Le Mans">1981</a>, Belgian <a href="/wiki/Thierry_Boutsen" title="Thierry Boutsen">Thierry Boutsen</a> crashed horrifically on the Mulsanne Straight in his WM-Peugeot, killing a marshal. In the same race, Frenchman Jean-Louis Lafosse was also killed on the Mulsanne Straight when his Rondeau suffered a suspension failure, steered very suddenly to the right, and slammed into the Armco barrier on the driver's side at extreme speeds. The <a href="/wiki/1984_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1984 24 Hours of Le Mans">1984</a> race saw British privateer John Sheldon crashing at more than 320 km/h (200 mph) at the Mulsanne Kink; his <a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin" title="Aston Martin">Aston Martin</a> <a href="/wiki/V8_engine" title="V8 engine">V8</a> powered <a href="/wiki/Nimrod_NRA/C2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Nimrod NRA/C2B">Nimrod</a> tore through the Armco barriers into the trees. The resulting explosion was so violent that the woods next to the track caught fire. Although Sheldon survived with severe burns, a track marshal was killed; two others were also severely injured. Sheldon's teammate, American Drake Olson in the second Nimrod-Aston Martin, who was following him down the straight, crashed heavily after running over Sheldon's bodywork; he went into severe shock but survived with minor injuries. The field was under the safety car for over an hour while the crash site was cleared, and the destroyed Armco barriers were replaced. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/1985_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1985 24 Hours of Le Mans">1985</a>, a similar accident befell Briton Dudley Wood in a Porsche 962 during practice. The impact of the car against the Armco, considering Wood was doing more than 370 km/h (230 mph), was so hard that it cracked the engine block. Wood survived without injury. Also, in 1985, John Nielsen flipped his Sauber-Mercedes while going over the Mulsanne hump at more than 350 km/h (220 mph). The car landed on its roof and was destroyed, but Nielsen escaped without injury. In <a href="/wiki/1986_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1986 24 Hours of Le Mans">1986</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jo_Gartner" title="Jo Gartner">Jo Gartner</a> drove a Porsche 962C into the Mulsanne barriers and was killed instantly after the car rolled multiple times, vaulted some Armco barriers, and knocked down a telegraph pole. Moreover, in <a href="/wiki/1987_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1987 24 Hours of Le Mans">1987</a>, American <a href="/wiki/Price_Cobb" title="Price Cobb">Price Cobb</a> crashed a works Porsche 962C after slipping on oil during Wednesday practice. The fuel tank exploded and the car burned to the ground, but Cobb escaped without injury. </p><p>Gartner's fatal accident remained the most recent death in the race until Allan Simonsen's crash in <a href="/wiki/2013_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2013 24 Hours of Le Mans">2013</a>. However, there was one fatality during a practice session in <a href="/wiki/1997_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1997 24 Hours of Le Mans">1997</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sebastien_Enjolras" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastien Enjolras">Sebastien Enjolras</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/1999_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1999 24 Hours of Le Mans">1999</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_CLR" title="Mercedes-Benz CLR">Mercedes-Benz CLRs</a> suffered from aerodynamic instability leading to cars getting airborne and flipping backwards, no less than three times. After initially happening on Thursday to the #4 car, Mercedes rebuilt the chassis on Friday and claimed to have solved the problem, only for it to occur again at warmup on Saturday. <a href="/wiki/Mark_Webber_(racing_driver)" title="Mark Webber (racing driver)">Mark Webber</a> was the unlucky driver whose car flipped on both occasions. The last and most damaging accident occurred during the race itself when <a href="/wiki/Peter_Dumbreck" title="Peter Dumbreck">Peter Dumbreck</a>'s CLR #5 became airborne, flying over the safety fencing and landing in the woods several metres away. No drivers were severely hurt in any of the three accidents. However, Mercedes-Benz withdrew its remaining entry and ended its entire sportscar programme to focus on F1 and the upcoming new DTM. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/2011_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2011 24 Hours of Le Mans">2011</a>, two horrific accidents occurred to two of the three factory <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audis</a> in the LMP1 class. Near the end of the first hour, the No. 3 car driven by <a href="/wiki/Allan_McNish" title="Allan McNish">Allan McNish</a> collided with one of the Ferrari GT cars, resulting in McNish's car smashing into the tyre wall and being thrown into the air at the Dunlop chicanes, resulting in pieces of bodywork flying over and nearly hitting many photographers on the other side of the barrier. In the eleventh hour of the race, another accident occurred to the No. 1 car driven by <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rockenfeller" title="Mike Rockenfeller">Mike Rockenfeller</a> when he had contact with another Ferrari GT car. In the runup to Indianapolis corner, Rockenfeller's Audi was sent into the outside barrier at over 270 km/h (170 mph). Only the main cockpit safety cell of the car remained, along with major damage being done to the barriers that needed to be repaired before the race was resumed. Audi had switched to a closed-cockpit car starting in 2011, a decision credited for the fact that neither driver was injured. The 2014 regulations required all cars to be closed-cockpit due to the 2011 accident. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/2012_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2012 24 Hours of Le Mans">2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Davidson" title="Anthony Davidson">Anthony Davidson</a>, driving for the returning Toyota team in a <a href="/wiki/Toyota_TS030_Hybrid" title="Toyota TS030 Hybrid">Toyota TS030 Hybrid</a>, collided with a <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_458_Italia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrari 458 Italia">Ferrari 458 GT2</a> of Piergiuseppe Perazzini, and became airborne before crashing into the tyre barrier of the Mulsanne Corner at high speed. The Ferrari also ended up in the barrier, flipping and coming to a halt on its roof. Davidson suffered broken vertebrae.<sup id="cite_ref-Autosport_Davidson_accident_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autosport_Davidson_accident-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Davidson_accident_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Davidson_accident-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Dane <a href="/wiki/Allan_Simonsen_(racing_driver)" title="Allan Simonsen (racing driver)">Allan Simonsen</a> died after crashing into the barriers at Tertre Rouge.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the car collided with the <a href="/wiki/Guard_rail" title="Guard rail">guard rail</a>, a mature tree had been touching the barrier, thereby preventing the guard rail from performing its safety function.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coverage">Coverage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Coverage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helicopter_-A%C3%A9rospatiale_AS_355N_Ecureuil_2_-_F-GMBA_(48207349146).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Helicopter_-A%C3%A9rospatiale_AS_355N_Ecureuil_2_-_F-GMBA_%2848207349146%29.jpg/220px-Helicopter_-A%C3%A9rospatiale_AS_355N_Ecureuil_2_-_F-GMBA_%2848207349146%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Helicopter_-A%C3%A9rospatiale_AS_355N_Ecureuil_2_-_F-GMBA_%2848207349146%29.jpg/330px-Helicopter_-A%C3%A9rospatiale_AS_355N_Ecureuil_2_-_F-GMBA_%2848207349146%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Helicopter_-A%C3%A9rospatiale_AS_355N_Ecureuil_2_-_F-GMBA_%2848207349146%29.jpg/440px-Helicopter_-A%C3%A9rospatiale_AS_355N_Ecureuil_2_-_F-GMBA_%2848207349146%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>A helicopter that provided aerial coverage for 2019 race</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:24_Heures_Le_Mans_2016_(27767747536).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/24_Heures_Le_Mans_2016_%2827767747536%29.jpg/220px-24_Heures_Le_Mans_2016_%2827767747536%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/24_Heures_Le_Mans_2016_%2827767747536%29.jpg/330px-24_Heures_Le_Mans_2016_%2827767747536%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/24_Heures_Le_Mans_2016_%2827767747536%29.jpg/440px-24_Heures_Le_Mans_2016_%2827767747536%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>An ACO host covering the 2016 race</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Motors_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Motors TV">Motors TV</a> covered the Le Mans 24 Hours in its entirety in 2006 and 2007, including coverage of the scrutineering, qualifying, driver parade, warmup, and race. In the United States, FOX owned <a href="/wiki/SPEED_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="SPEED Channel">SPEED Channel</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_1" title="Fox Sports 1">Fox Sports 1</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_2" title="Fox Sports 2">Fox Sports 2</a> aired complete race coverage live either on-air or online through a combination of coverage from the French host broadcaster and its own pit reporting crew for several years. That deal ended after the 2017 season. A United States television deal was not done for the 2018–19 WEC Super Season because of a renegotiation of its European contract. </p><p>In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Eurosport" title="Eurosport">Eurosport</a> secured a multi-year deal to show the entire race, including the qualifying and the motorcycle race. Every hour of the 2008 race was broadcast in segments on the main channel and <a href="/wiki/Eurosport_2" title="Eurosport 2">Eurosport 2</a>. However, a couple of hours were missed in recent years due to scheduling clashes with other sporting events.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (July 2021)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In addition, Eurosport provided live streaming on its website to subscribers. Since 2009, Eurosport and Eurosport 2 have covered all the action, and beginning in 2018, Eurosport gained United States broadcast rights for the World Endurance Championship for the race only on <a href="/wiki/Motor_Trend_(TV_network)" title="Motor Trend (TV network)">Motor Trend</a>, a channel also owned by <a href="/wiki/Discovery,_Inc." title="Discovery, Inc.">Eurosport's parent company</a>. Qualifying and practices aired on a direct-to-consumer streaming platform from <a href="/wiki/Motor_Trend" title="Motor Trend">Motor Trend</a> magazine. In Australia in 2012, <a href="/wiki/Ten_Sport" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten Sport">Ten Sport</a> showed the race live and in full online.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The race is also broadcast (in English) on the radio by <a href="/wiki/Radio_Le_Mans" title="Radio Le Mans">Radio Le Mans</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vintage_racing">Vintage racing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Vintage racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_GT40_(1965)_-_Chevrolet_Corvette_(1960)_(18243362094).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ford_GT40_%281965%29_-_Chevrolet_Corvette_%281960%29_%2818243362094%29.jpg/220px-Ford_GT40_%281965%29_-_Chevrolet_Corvette_%281960%29_%2818243362094%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ford_GT40_%281965%29_-_Chevrolet_Corvette_%281960%29_%2818243362094%29.jpg/330px-Ford_GT40_%281965%29_-_Chevrolet_Corvette_%281960%29_%2818243362094%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ford_GT40_%281965%29_-_Chevrolet_Corvette_%281960%29_%2818243362094%29.jpg/440px-Ford_GT40_%281965%29_-_Chevrolet_Corvette_%281960%29_%2818243362094%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ford_GT40" title="Ford GT40">Ford GT40</a> alongside <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette_(C1)" title="Chevrolet Corvette (C1)">Chevrolet Corvette</a> in 2015 Le Mans Legend</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Legend" title="Le Mans Legend">Le Mans Legend</a></div> <p>Since 2001, the ACO has allowed the "<a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Legend" title="Le Mans Legend">Le Mans Legend</a>" event to participate on the full Circuit de la Sarthe. These exhibition races involve classic cars that had previously run at Le Mans or are similar to those. Each year, a particular era of cars may participate, with the featured era changing from year to year. Though most drivers in this event are amateurs, some noted professional drivers have appeared to race cars they had previously run, such as <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Moss" title="Stirling Moss">Stirling Moss</a> and <a href="/wiki/Derek_Bell_(racing_driver)" title="Derek Bell (racing driver)">Derek Bell</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC03817-Le_Mans_Classic_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/DSC03817-Le_Mans_Classic_2018.jpg/220px-DSC03817-Le_Mans_Classic_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/DSC03817-Le_Mans_Classic_2018.jpg/330px-DSC03817-Le_Mans_Classic_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/DSC03817-Le_Mans_Classic_2018.jpg/440px-DSC03817-Le_Mans_Classic_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Le Mans Start at Le Mans Classic 2018</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Classic" title="Le Mans Classic">Le Mans Classic</a></div> <p>Starting in 2002, the "<a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Classic" title="Le Mans Classic">Le Mans Classic</a>" has been held as a biennial event on the full 13 km (8.1 mi) circuit in July. The races take place over a full 24-hour day/night cycle, with starts on set times allowing cars from the same era to compete simultaneously. A team typically consists of a car in each class. The team with the most points accumulated over five or six classes is declared the overall winner. The classes are based on the era in which the cars would have competed. The exact class requirements are re-evaluated for every event since the age for the youngest entries is shifted by two years for each event. In the first event, five classes ran more short races; later events have featured six classes running fewer but longer races. Drivers are required to have an FIA International Competition license. This event also includes a large Concours d'Elegance and auction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_(motorcycle_race)" title="24 Hours of Le Mans (motorcycle race)">24 Hours of Le Mans (motorcycle race)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Le_Mans" title="Petit Le Mans">Petit Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_LeMons" class="mw-redirect" title="24 Hours of LeMons">24 Hours of LeMons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_24_Hours_video_games" title="Le Mans 24 Hours video games">Le Mans 24 Hours video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_winners" title="List of 24 Hours of Le Mans winners">List of 24 Hours of Le Mans winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_records" title="List of 24 Hours of Le Mans records">List of 24 Hours of Le Mans records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Motorsport" title="Triple Crown of Motorsport">Triple Crown of Motorsport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Le_Mans" title="Radio Le Mans">Radio Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_24_Heures_du_Mans" title="Musée des 24 Heures du Mans">Musée des 24 Heures du Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Le_Mans_Series" title="European Le Mans Series">European Le Mans Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Le_Mans_Series" title="Asian Le Mans Series">Asian Le Mans Series</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fn1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fn1_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peugeot later restated this as 405 km/h, for marketing purposes, when it released an unrelated car branded the 405<sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/weekly-auto-agenda-le-mans-1997970.html">"Weekly auto agenda: Le Mans"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. 11 June 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110206080602/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/weekly-auto-agenda-le-mans-1997970.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Weekly+auto+agenda%3A+Le+Mans&rft.date=2010-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Fmotoring%2Fweekly-auto-agenda-le-mans-1997970.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2018" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Kate (14 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/14/sports/autoracing/fernando-alonso-le-mans-triple-crown.html">"Fernando Alonso Takes Another Shot at a Motorsport Triple Crown"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190927201120/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/14/sports/autoracing/fernando-alonso-le-mans-triple-crown.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Fernando+Alonso+Takes+Another+Shot+at+a+Motorsport+Triple+Crown&rft.date=2018-06-14&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F06%2F14%2Fsports%2Fautoracing%2Ffernando-alonso-le-mans-triple-crown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://us.motorsport.com/general/news/top-10-most-prestigious-races-in-the-world/2785289/">"Top 10 most prestigious races in the world"</a>. <i>us.motorsport.com</i>. 20 May 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181106053228/https://www.motorsport.com/us/general/news/top-10-most-prestigious-races-in-the-world/2785289/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=us.motorsport.com&rft.atitle=Top+10+most+prestigious+races+in+the+world&rft.date=2014-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fus.motorsport.com%2Fgeneral%2Fnews%2Ftop-10-most-prestigious-races-in-the-world%2F2785289%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHargreaves2019" class="citation news cs1">Hargreaves, Eilidh (14 June 2019). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/travel/le-mans-24-hours-attend-style/">"An insider's guide to the Le Mans 24 hours: how to experience the ultimate endurance race in style"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/travel/le-mans-24-hours-attend-style/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=An+insider%27s+guide+to+the+Le+Mans+24+hours%3A+how+to+experience+the+ultimate+endurance+race+in+style&rft.date=2019-06-14&rft.aulast=Hargreaves&rft.aufirst=Eilidh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fluxury%2Ftravel%2Fle-mans-24-hours-attend-style%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ProvisionalResult-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ProvisionalResult_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180716041910/http://fiawec.alkamelsystems.com/Results/08_2018/02_LE%20MANS/231_FIA%20WEC/201806161500_Race/Hour%2024/05_Classification_Race_Hour%2024.PDF">"FIA WEC 86th 24 Heures du Mans Race – Provisional Classification"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Automobile_Club_de_l%27Ouest" title="Automobile Club de l'Ouest">Automobile Club de l'Ouest</a>. 17 June 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fiawec.alkamelsystems.com/Results/08_2018/02_LE%20MANS/231_FIA%20WEC/201806161500_Race/Hour%2024/05_Classification_Race_Hour%2024.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FIA+WEC+86th+24+Heures+du+Mans+Race+%E2%80%93+Provisional+Classification&rft.pub=Automobile+Club+de+l%27Ouest&rft.date=2018-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffiawec.alkamelsystems.com%2FResults%2F08_2018%2F02_LE%2520MANS%2F231_FIA%2520WEC%2F201806161500_Race%2FHour%252024%2F05_Classification_Race_Hour%252024.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fiawec.com/en/past-seasons/36">"Past seasons"</a>. <i>fiawec.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190404224551/https://www.fiawec.com/en/past-seasons/36">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fiawec.com&rft.atitle=Past+seasons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fiawec.com%2Fen%2Fpast-seasons%2F36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807100830/http://www.lemans.org/en/races/24h/handy-information/schedule-week.html">"Schedule"</a>. lemans.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemans.org/en/races/24h/handy-information/schedule-week.html">the original</a> on 7 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schedule&rft.pub=lemans.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemans.org%2Fen%2Fraces%2F24h%2Fhandy-information%2Fschedule-week.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/05082010/58/le-mans-24-hour-michelin-set-new-records-le-mans.html">"Le Mans 24 Hour – Michelin set new records at Le Mans"</a>. Yahoo Sport/Eurosport. 23 June 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121109211453/http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/05082010/58/le-mans-24-hour-michelin-set-new-records-le-mans.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+Mans+24+Hour+%E2%80%93+Michelin+set+new+records+at+Le+Mans&rft.pub=Yahoo+Sport%2FEurosport&rft.date=2010-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.eurosport.yahoo.com%2F05082010%2F58%2Fle-mans-24-hour-michelin-set-new-records-le-mans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807090320/http://www.lemans.org/en/races/24h/discover-endurance/introduction.html">"Two major car families"</a>. lemans.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemans.org/en/races/24h/discover-endurance/introduction.html">the original</a> on 7 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Two+major+car+families&rft.pub=lemans.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemans.org%2Fen%2Fraces%2F24h%2Fdiscover-endurance%2Fintroduction.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130710021103/http://auto-racing.speedtv.com/article/le-mans-inside-the-2014-lmp1-regulations">"LE MANS: Inside The 2014 LMP1 Regulations"</a>. Auto-racing.speedtv.com. 27 November 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://auto-racing.speedtv.com/article/le-mans-inside-the-2014-lmp1-regulations/">the original</a> on 10 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LE+MANS%3A+Inside+The+2014+LMP1+Regulations&rft.pub=Auto-racing.speedtv.com&rft.date=2012-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauto-racing.speedtv.com%2Farticle%2Fle-mans-inside-the-2014-lmp1-regulations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fiawec.com/en/classes/32">"Classes - FIA World Endurance Championship"</a>. <i>www.fiawec.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111606/https://www.fiawec.com/en/classes/32">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fiawec.com&rft.atitle=Classes+-+FIA+World+Endurance+Championship&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fiawec.com%2Fen%2Fclasses%2F32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fiawec.com/en/news/differences-between-lmp1-and-lmp2/5907">"Differences between LMP1 and LMP2"</a>. <i>www.fiawec.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210420014824/https://www.fiawec.com/en/news/differences-between-lmp1-and-lmp2/5907">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fiawec.com&rft.atitle=Differences+between+LMP1+and+LMP2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fiawec.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fdifferences-between-lmp1-and-lmp2%2F5907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Le_Mans_Innovation-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Mans_Innovation_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Mans_Innovation_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Mans_Innovation_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2017" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Kate (16 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/16/sports/autoracing/le-mans-innovation-rolls-out-of-garage-56.html">"Le Mans Innovation Rolls Out of Garage 56"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210823143120/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/16/sports/autoracing/le-mans-innovation-rolls-out-of-garage-56.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Le+Mans+Innovation+Rolls+Out+of+Garage+56&rft.date=2017-06-16&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F06%2F16%2Fsports%2Fautoracing%2Fle-mans-innovation-rolls-out-of-garage-56.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerkins2021" class="citation web cs1">Perkins, Chris (23 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a36175054/deltawing-the-story-of-the-21st-centurys-most-daring-race-car/">"DeltaWing: The Story of the 21st Century's Most Daring Race Car"</a>. <i>Road & Track</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220528232757/https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a36175054/deltawing-the-story-of-the-21st-centurys-most-daring-race-car/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Road+%26+Track&rft.atitle=DeltaWing%3A+The+Story+of+the+21st+Century%27s+Most+Daring+Race+Car&rft.date=2021-04-23&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.roadandtrack.com%2Fcar-culture%2Fa36175054%2Fdeltawing-the-story-of-the-21st-centurys-most-daring-race-car%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/24-hours-of-le-mans-garage-56-the-spirit-of-le-mans-24884">"24 Hours of Le Mans - Garage 56 the spirit of Le Mans"</a>. <i>24h-lemans.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183913/https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/24-hours-of-le-mans-garage-56-the-spirit-of-le-mans-24884">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=24h-lemans.com&rft.atitle=24+Hours+of+Le+Mans+-+Garage+56+the+spirit+of+Le+Mans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.24h-lemans.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2F24-hours-of-le-mans-garage-56-the-spirit-of-le-mans-24884&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autosport.com/wec/news/greengts-experimental-hydrogen-prototype-could-race-this-season-5283778/5283778/">"GreenGT's experimental hydrogen prototype could race this season"</a>. <i>www.autosport.com</i>. 14 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220611173147/https://www.autosport.com/wec/news/greengts-experimental-hydrogen-prototype-could-race-this-season-5283778/5283778/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.autosport.com&rft.atitle=GreenGT%27s+experimental+hydrogen+prototype+could+race+this+season&rft.date=2019-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fwec%2Fnews%2Fgreengts-experimental-hydrogen-prototype-could-race-this-season-5283778%2F5283778%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1092729_one-two-finish-for-audi-at-le-mans-after-porsche-toyota-suffer-woes">"One-Two Finish For Audi At Le Mans After Porsche, Toyota Suffer Woes"</a>. <i>Motor Authority</i>. 16 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817112959/https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1092729_one-two-finish-for-audi-at-le-mans-after-porsche-toyota-suffer-woes">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Motor+Authority&rft.atitle=One-Two+Finish+For+Audi+At+Le+Mans+After+Porsche%2C+Toyota+Suffer+Woes&rft.date=2014-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorauthority.com%2Fnews%2F1092729_one-two-finish-for-audi-at-le-mans-after-porsche-toyota-suffer-woes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://global.nissannews.com/en/releases/140613-01-e">"Nissan ZEOD RC hits 300km/h on Mulsanne Straight at Le Mans"</a>. <i>Global Nissan Newsroom</i>. 12 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Nissan+Newsroom&rft.atitle=Nissan+ZEOD+RC+hits+300km%2Fh+on+Mulsanne+Straight+at+Le+Mans&rft.date=2014-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobal.nissannews.com%2Fen%2Freleases%2F140613-01-e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFten_Caat2015" class="citation news cs1">ten Caat, Marcel (11 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sportscar365.com/lemans/lemans24/aco-confirms-garage-56-entries-for-2016-2017/">"ACO Confirms Garage 56 Entries for 2016, 2017"</a>. Sportscar365. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414044020/https://sportscar365.com/lemans/lemans24/aco-confirms-garage-56-entries-for-2016-2017/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=ACO+Confirms+Garage+56+Entries+for+2016%2C+2017&rft.date=2015-06-11&rft.aulast=ten+Caat&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsportscar365.com%2Flemans%2Flemans24%2Faco-confirms-garage-56-entries-for-2016-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDagys2017" class="citation web cs1">Dagys, John (23 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/perrinn-lmp1-project-falls-through-shifts-focus-to-garage-56-entry/">"Perrinn LMP1 Project Falls Through, Shifts Focus to Garage 56 Entry – Sportscar365"</a>. <i>sportscar365.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220826163758/https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/perrinn-lmp1-project-falls-through-shifts-focus-to-garage-56-entry/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sportscar365.com&rft.atitle=Perrinn+LMP1+Project+Falls+Through%2C+Shifts+Focus+to+Garage+56+Entry+%E2%80%93+Sportscar365&rft.date=2017-08-23&rft.aulast=Dagys&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsportscar365.com%2Flemans%2Fwec%2Fperrinn-lmp1-project-falls-through-shifts-focus-to-garage-56-entry%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkins2018" class="citation news cs1">Watkins, Gary (9 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://us.motorsport.com/lemans/news/no-garage-56-entry-at-le-mans-in-2018-1003256/1390575/">"No 'Garage 56' entry at Le Mans in 2018"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Motorsport.com" title="Motorsport.com">Motorsport.com</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Motorsport_Network" title="Motorsport Network">Motorsport Network</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220826163756/https://us.motorsport.com/lemans/news/no-garage-56-entry-at-le-mans-in-2018-1003256/1390575/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Motorsport.com&rft.atitle=No+%27Garage+56%27+entry+at+Le+Mans+in+2018&rft.date=2018-02-09&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fus.motorsport.com%2Flemans%2Fnews%2Fno-garage-56-entry-at-le-mans-in-2018-1003256%2F1390575%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/the-2019-24-hours-of-le-mans-interview-with-pierre-fillon-51032">"The 2019 24 Hours of Le Mans : interview with Pierre Fillon"</a>. <i>24h-lemans.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220826163809/https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/the-2019-24-hours-of-le-mans-interview-with-pierre-fillon-51032">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=24h-lemans.com&rft.atitle=The+2019+24+Hours+of+Le+Mans+%3A+interview+with+Pierre+Fillon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.24h-lemans.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fthe-2019-24-hours-of-le-mans-interview-with-pierre-fillon-51032&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodwin2020" class="citation news cs1">Goodwin, Graham (14 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailysportscar.com/2020/04/14/association-srt41-garage-56-effort-withdraws-from-2020-le-mans-24-hours.html">"Association SRT41 Garage 56 Effort Withdraws From 2020 Le Mans 24 Hours"</a>. DailySportsCar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414043653/https://www.dailysportscar.com/2020/04/14/association-srt41-garage-56-effort-withdraws-from-2020-le-mans-24-hours.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Association+SRT41+Garage+56+Effort+Withdraws+From+2020+Le+Mans+24+Hours&rft.date=2020-04-14&rft.aulast=Goodwin&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailysportscar.com%2F2020%2F04%2F14%2Fassociation-srt41-garage-56-effort-withdraws-from-2020-le-mans-24-hours.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2021" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Luke (19 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/19/sports/autoracing/le-mans-disabled-drivers.html">"Two Disabled Drivers Team Up at Le Mans"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210823024034/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/19/sports/autoracing/le-mans-disabled-drivers.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Two+Disabled+Drivers+Team+Up+at+Le+Mans&rft.date=2021-08-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F08%2F19%2Fsports%2Fautoracing%2Fle-mans-disabled-drivers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.lemans.org/explorer/pdf/courses/2022/24-heures-du-mans/entry-list-24-heures-du-mans-2022.pdf">"PROVISIONAL ENTRY LIST 24 HOURS OF LE MANS RACE"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ACO - Automobile Club de l'Ouest</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220603143024/https://assets.lemans.org/explorer/pdf/courses/2022/24-heures-du-mans/entry-list-24-heures-du-mans-2022.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 3 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ACO+-+Automobile+Club+de+l%27Ouest&rft.atitle=PROVISIONAL+ENTRY+LIST+24+HOURS+OF+LE+MANS+RACE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.lemans.org%2Fexplorer%2Fpdf%2Fcourses%2F2022%2F24-heures-du-mans%2Fentry-list-24-heures-du-mans-2022.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://motorsports.nbcsports.com/2023/02/17/specs-revealed-nascar-garage-56-camaro-24-hours-le-mans-next-gen/">"Full specs revealed for NASCAR Garage 56 Camaro that will race 24 Hours of Le Mans"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports" title="NBC Sports">NBC Sports</a></i>. 17 February 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230517225206/https://motorsports.nbcsports.com/2023/02/17/specs-revealed-nascar-garage-56-camaro-24-hours-le-mans-next-gen/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+Sports&rft.atitle=Full+specs+revealed+for+NASCAR+Garage+56+Camaro+that+will+race+24+Hours+of+Le+Mans&rft.date=2023-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmotorsports.nbcsports.com%2F2023%2F02%2F17%2Fspecs-revealed-nascar-garage-56-camaro-24-hours-le-mans-next-gen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2022/03/17/nascar-hendrick-motorsports-announce-pursuit-of-garage-56-entry-at-le-mans/">"NASCAR, Hendrick Motorsports announce pursuit of Garage 56 entry at Le Mans"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a></i>. 17 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220326174549/https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2022/03/17/nascar-hendrick-motorsports-announce-pursuit-of-garage-56-entry-at-le-mans/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NASCAR&rft.atitle=NASCAR%2C+Hendrick+Motorsports+announce+pursuit+of+Garage+56+entry+at+Le+Mans&rft.date=2022-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nascar.com%2Fnews-media%2F2022%2F03%2F17%2Fnascar-hendrick-motorsports-announce-pursuit-of-garage-56-entry-at-le-mans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2023/01/28/jimmie-johnson-headlines-three-driver-garage-56-entry-for-le-mans/">"Jimmie Johnson headlines three-driver Garage 56 entry for Le Mans"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a></i>. 29 January 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325230539/https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2023/01/28/jimmie-johnson-headlines-three-driver-garage-56-entry-for-le-mans/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NASCAR&rft.atitle=Jimmie+Johnson+headlines+three-driver+Garage+56+entry+for+Le+Mans&rft.date=2023-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nascar.com%2Fnews-media%2F2023%2F01%2F28%2Fjimmie-johnson-headlines-three-driver-garage-56-entry-for-le-mans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornilleau2023" class="citation web cs1">Cornilleau, Arnaud (6 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/why-is-there-a-nascar-on-the-2023-24-hours-of-le-mans-grid-57532">"Why is there a NASCAR on the 2023 24 Hours of Le Mans grid?"</a>. <i>24 Hours of Le Mans</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240319214204/https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/why-is-there-a-nascar-on-the-2023-24-hours-of-le-mans-grid-57532">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=24+Hours+of+Le+Mans&rft.atitle=Why+is+there+a+NASCAR+on+the+2023+24+Hours+of+Le+Mans+grid%3F&rft.date=2023-04-06&rft.aulast=Cornilleau&rft.aufirst=Arnaud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.24h-lemans.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fwhy-is-there-a-nascar-on-the-2023-24-hours-of-le-mans-grid-57532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2023/02/27/garage-56-projects-le-mans-invite-official-team-will-compete-using-no-24/">"Garage 56 project's Le Mans invite official; team will compete using No. 24"</a>. <i>National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing</i>. 27 February 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230607042047/https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2023/02/27/garage-56-projects-le-mans-invite-official-team-will-compete-using-no-24/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Association+for+Stock+Car+Auto+Racing&rft.atitle=Garage+56+project%27s+Le+Mans+invite+official%3B+team+will+compete+using+No.+24&rft.date=2023-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nascar.com%2Fnews-media%2F2023%2F02%2F27%2Fgarage-56-projects-le-mans-invite-official-team-will-compete-using-no-24%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309115345/http://www.24h-lemans.com/en/race/historical_2_2_2501.html?recherche=1&annee=2014&nbparpage=9#topContent">"ACO – Automobile Club de l'Ouest"</a>. <i>www.24h-lemans.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.24h-lemans.com/en/race/historical_2_2_2501.html?recherche=1&annee=2014&nbparpage=9#topContent">the original</a> on 9 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.24h-lemans.com&rft.atitle=ACO+%E2%80%93+Automobile+Club+de+l%27Ouest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.24h-lemans.com%2Fen%2Frace%2Fhistorical_2_2_2501.html%3Frecherche%3D1%26annee%3D2014%26nbparpage%3D9%23topContent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150617003459/http://www.racer.com/wec-le-mans/item/104435-lm24-iron-man-rotation-for-macneil-and-bleekemolen">"Iron Man Rotation for Macneil and Bleekemolen"</a>. <i>racer.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.racer.com/wec-le-mans/item/104435-lm24-iron-man-rotation-for-macneil-and-bleekemolen">the original</a> on 17 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=racer.com&rft.atitle=Iron+Man+Rotation+for+Macneil+and+Bleekemolen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.racer.com%2Fwec-le-mans%2Fitem%2F104435-lm24-iron-man-rotation-for-macneil-and-bleekemolen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fiawec.com/en/news/an-eye-on-the-clock/5136">"An eye on the clock : Maximum driving time allowed"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190616121837/https://www.fiawec.com/en/news/an-eye-on-the-clock/5136">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+eye+on+the+clock+%3A+Maximum+driving+time+allowed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fiawec.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fan-eye-on-the-clock%2F5136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miscellany_pg_82-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miscellany_pg_82_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G. Harding, <i>A Wine Miscellany</i>, p. 82, Clarkson Potter Publishing, New York 2005 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-307-34635-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-307-34635-8">0-307-34635-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-champagne1-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-champagne1_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2013" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eoin_Young" title="Eoin Young">Young, Eoin</a> (November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allamericanracers.com/images/pdf/Champagne-Story-Eoin-Young.pdf">"Dan Gurney's 1967 Champagne Week"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Victory Lane</i>: <span class="nowrap">42–</span>44. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150330213311/http://allamericanracers.com/images/pdf/Champagne-Story-Eoin-Young.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 30 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Victory+Lane&rft.atitle=Dan+Gurney%27s+1967+Champagne+Week&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E42-%3C%2Fspan%3E44&rft.date=2013-11&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Eoin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fallamericanracers.com%2Fimages%2Fpdf%2FChampagne-Story-Eoin-Young.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-champagne2-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-champagne2_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allamericanracers.com/le-mans-champagne-story-dan-gurney/">"Spraying the Champagne"</a>. Dan Gurney's All-American Racing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140811142148/http://allamericanracers.com/le-mans-champagne-story-dan-gurney/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spraying+the+Champagne&rft.pub=Dan+Gurney%27s+All-American+Racing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fallamericanracers.com%2Fle-mans-champagne-story-dan-gurney%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFredstar882011" class="citation cs2">Fredstar88 (12 June 2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/UCs8Nvt65uU"><i>Final Lap of 24 Hours of Le Mans 2011</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCs8Nvt65uU">the original</a> on 29 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Final+Lap+of+24+Hours+of+Le+Mans+2011&rft.date=2011-06-12&rft.au=Fredstar88&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DUCs8Nvt65uU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160702204225/http://www.fiawec.com/presentation/regulation.html">"Regulation | FIA World Endurance Championship"</a>. <i>www.fiawec.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2022</span>. <q>…Peugeot had a new car coming out called the 405, and they decided it would be cool if the speed record coincided with the name of their new car.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Motorsport+Explained&rft.atitle=What%27s+the+Speed+Record+on+the+Mulsanne+Straight%3F&rft.date=2022-03-02&rft.aulast=Kristensen&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmotorsportexplained.com%2Fle-mans-mulsanne-straight-speed-record%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120504125633/http://turbo.honeywell.com/why-choose-honeywell/turbo-pioneer/">"Honeywell Heritage: A Hallmark Throughout Turbo History " Booster Online"</a>. 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AutoBlog.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=908+HY+to+close+Le+Mans+Series+in+hybrid+style&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Slow_Zones-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Slow_Zones_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDagys2013" class="citation news cs1">Dagys, John (20 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714153147/http://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/new-safety-car-procedure-slow-zones-for-le-mans-revealed/">"New Safety Car Procedure, Slow Zones for Le Mans Revealed"</a>. <i>SportsCar365</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.autosport.com&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+cars+to+be+able+to+fight+for+outright+Le+Mans+24+Hours+win&rft.date=2021-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fle-mans%2Fnews%2Fhydrogen-cars-to-be-able-to-fight-for-outright-le-mans-24-hours-win%2F6651000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mulsannescorner.com/maxspeed.html">"Mulsanne's Corner: Maximum Speeds at Le Mans, 1961–1989"</a>. <i>www.mulsannescorner.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201121231128/http://www.mulsannescorner.com/maxspeed.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Racecar engineering. 19 November 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.racecar-engineering.com/news/people/282760/le-mans-2009-2011-regulations-released.html">the original</a> on 28 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+Mans+2009+%E2%80%93+2001+regulations+released&rft.pub=Racecar+engineering&rft.date=2008-11-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.racecar-engineering.com%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2F282760%2Fle-mans-2009-2011-regulations-released.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/in-2025-a-hydrogen-powered-car-may-well-challenge-the-other-prototypes-55628">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"In 2025, a hydrogen-powered car may well challenge the other prototypes"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>24h-lemans.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220610142002/https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/in-2025-a-hydrogen-powered-car-may-well-challenge-the-other-prototypes-55628">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=24h-lemans.com&rft.atitle=%22In+2025%2C+a+hydrogen-powered+car+may+well+challenge+the+other+prototypes%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.24h-lemans.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fin-2025-a-hydrogen-powered-car-may-well-challenge-the-other-prototypes-55628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://corporate.ford.com/articles/history/ford-gt40-origins-le-mans-committee-victory.html">"The Le Mans Committee – Victory in 1966"</a>. <i>Ford vs. Ferrari</i>. Ford. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200325004955/https://corporate.ford.com/articles/history/ford-gt40-origins-le-mans-committee-victory.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ford+vs.+Ferrari&rft.atitle=The+Le+Mans+Committee+%E2%80%93+Victory+in+1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcorporate.ford.com%2Farticles%2Fhistory%2Fford-gt40-origins-le-mans-committee-victory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/racing/story/_/id/11086548/audi-trio-marcel-fassler-andre-lotterer-benoit-treluyer-claims-victory-24-hours-le-mans">"Audi wins 13th title at Le Mans"</a>. <i>ESPN</i>. Associated Press. 15 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140616063632/http://espn.go.com/racing/story/_/id/11086548/audi-trio-marcel-fassler-andre-lotterer-benoit-treluyer-claims-victory-24-hours-le-mans">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN&rft.atitle=Audi+wins+13th+title+at+Le+Mans&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fracing%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F11086548%2Faudi-trio-marcel-fassler-andre-lotterer-benoit-treluyer-claims-victory-24-hours-le-mans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaldwin2014" class="citation news cs1">Baldwin, Alan (15 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160819214119/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-motor-racing-lemans-winner-idUKKBN0EQ0NT20140615">"Audi win Le Mans for 13th time"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. Reuters UK. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-motor-racing-lemans-winner-idUKKBN0EQ0NT20140615">the original</a> on 19 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Audi+win+Le+Mans+for+13th+time&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft.aulast=Baldwin&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fuk-motor-racing-lemans-winner-idUKKBN0EQ0NT20140615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/06/15/le-mans-2014-audi-wins_n_5496153.html">"Audi Wins Le Mans For 13th Time Ahead of Toyota And Porsche"</a>. <i>HuffPost</i>. Huffington Post UK. 15 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140623151844/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/06/15/le-mans-2014-audi-wins_n_5496153.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Audi+Wins+Le+Mans+For+13th+Time+Ahead+of+Toyota+And+Porsche&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2F2014%2F06%2F15%2Fle-mans-2014-audi-wins_n_5496153.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDan_Knutson2003" class="citation web cs1">Dan Knutson (3 June 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071106023236/http://www.usgpindy.com/news/story.php?story_id=1417">"Points Race Stays Tight; Montoya Joins Elite Company With Victory"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usgpindy.com/news/story.php?story_id=1417">the original</a> on 6 November 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Points+Race+Stays+Tight%3B+Montoya+Joins+Elite+Company+With+Victory&rft.date=2003-06-03&rft.au=Dan+Knutson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgpindy.com%2Fnews%2Fstory.php%3Fstory_id%3D1417&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenri_Boulanger" class="citation web cs1">Henri Boulanger. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071211040252/http://intakeinfo.com/automotive/monaco-grand-prix-glitz-draws-rising-stars.html">"Monaco Grand Prix Glitz Draws Rising Stars"</a>. IntakeInfo.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://intakeinfo.com/automotive/monaco-grand-prix-glitz-draws-rising-stars.html">the original</a> on 11 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monaco+Grand+Prix+Glitz+Draws+Rising+Stars&rft.pub=IntakeInfo.com&rft.au=Henri+Boulanger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fintakeinfo.com%2Fautomotive%2Fmonaco-grand-prix-glitz-draws-rising-stars.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Swiss Traffic Law (German)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailysportscar.com/?p=9717">"Mark Cole's Le Mans 2013"</a>. Dailysportscar.com. 15 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mark+Cole%27s+Le+Mans+2013&rft.pub=Dailysportscar.com&rft.date=2013-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailysportscar.com%2F%3Fp%3D9717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Autosport_Davidson_accident-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Autosport_Davidson_accident_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/100446">"Davidson sustains broken back following airborne crash at Le Mans"</a>. <i>Autosport</i>. Haymarket Press. 16 June 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120624201731/http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/100446">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Autosport&rft.atitle=Davidson+sustains+broken+back+following+airborne+crash+at+Le+Mans&rft.date=2012-06-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fnews%2Freport.php%2Fid%2F100446&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_Davidson_accident-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Davidson_accident_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/motorsport/18474792">"Anthony Davidson breaks back after Le Mans 24 Hour accident"</a>. <i>BBC Sport</i>. BBC. 17 June 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619030526/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/motorsport/18474792">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Sport&rft.atitle=Anthony+Davidson+breaks+back+after+Le+Mans+24+Hour+accident&rft.date=2012-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport%2F0%2Fmotorsport%2F18474792&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.espnf1.com/f1/motorsport/story/112151.html">"Driver killed during Le Mans 24-Hours"</a>. En.espnf1.com. 22 June 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130726215756/http://en.espnf1.com/f1/motorsport/story/112151.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Driver+killed+during+Le+Mans+24-Hours&rft.pub=En.espnf1.com&rft.date=2013-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.espnf1.com%2Ff1%2Fmotorsport%2Fstory%2F112151.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.parathyroid.com/race-car-deaths-medical-causes-racing-deaths/">"Race Car Driver Deaths: The Medical Causes of Racing Deaths w Examples"</a>. <i>parathyroid.com</i>. 23 June 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131008185421/http://blog.parathyroid.com/race-car-deaths-medical-causes-racing-deaths/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=parathyroid.com&rft.atitle=Race+Car+Driver+Deaths%3A+The+Medical+Causes+of+Racing+Deaths+w+Examples&rft.date=2013-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.parathyroid.com%2Frace-car-deaths-medical-causes-racing-deaths%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tv.eurosport.co.uk/tvschedule.shtml">"Eurosport"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101013122840/http://tv.eurosport.co.uk/tvschedule.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eurosport&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftv.eurosport.co.uk%2Ftvschedule.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2012/06/ten-to-stream-le-mans-online.html">"TEN to stream Le Mans online"</a>. <i>TV Tonight</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619185702/http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2012/06/ten-to-stream-le-mans-online.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TV+Tonight&rft.atitle=TEN+to+stream+Le+Mans+online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvtonight.com.au%2F2012%2F06%2Ften-to-stream-le-mans-online.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A24+Hours+of+Le+Mans" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_references">Additional references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Additional references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"Le Mans 1965" in <i>Automobile Historique</i>, no. 48, May 2005 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span>.</li> <li>"24 heures du Mans 1973" in <i>Automobile Historique</i>, no. 49, June/July 2005 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Le_Mans&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="Template talk:24 Hours of Le Mans"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="Special:EditPage/Template:24 Hours of Le Mans"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="24_Hours_of_Le_Mans157" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">24 Hours of Le Mans</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_la_Sarthe" title="Circuit de la Sarthe">Circuit de la Sarthe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarthe" title="Sarthe">Sarthe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Races by year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1923_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1923 24 Hours of Le Mans">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1924 24 Hours of Le Mans">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1925 24 Hours of Le Mans">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1926 24 Hours of Le Mans">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1927 24 Hours of Le Mans">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1928 24 Hours of Le Mans">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1929 24 Hours of Le Mans">1929</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1930_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1930 24 Hours of Le Mans">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1931 24 Hours of Le Mans">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1932 24 Hours of Le Mans">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1933 24 Hours of Le Mans">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1934 24 Hours of Le Mans">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1935 24 Hours of Le Mans">1935</a></li> <li><s><i><a href="/wiki/1936_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1936 24 Hours of Le Mans">1936</a></i></s></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1937 24 Hours of Le Mans">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1938 24 Hours of Le Mans">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1939 24 Hours of Le Mans">1939</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>1940–1948: not held</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1949 24 Hours of Le Mans">1949</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1950_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1950 24 Hours of Le Mans">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1951 24 Hours of Le Mans">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1952 24 Hours of Le Mans">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1953 24 Hours of Le Mans">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1954 24 Hours of Le Mans">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1955 24 Hours of Le Mans">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1956 24 Hours of Le Mans">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1957 24 Hours of Le Mans">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1958 24 Hours of Le Mans">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1959 24 Hours of Le Mans">1959</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1960 24 Hours of Le Mans">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1961 24 Hours of Le Mans">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1962 24 Hours of Le Mans">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1963 24 Hours of Le Mans">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1964 24 Hours of Le Mans">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1965 24 Hours of Le Mans">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1966 24 Hours of Le Mans">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1967 24 Hours of Le Mans">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1968 24 Hours of Le Mans">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1969 24 Hours of Le Mans">1969</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1970 24 Hours of Le Mans">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1971 24 Hours of Le Mans">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1972 24 Hours of Le Mans">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1973 24 Hours of Le Mans">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1974 24 Hours of Le Mans">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1975 24 Hours of Le Mans">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1976 24 Hours of Le Mans">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1977 24 Hours of Le Mans">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1978 24 Hours of Le Mans">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1979 24 Hours of Le Mans">1979</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1980 24 Hours of Le Mans">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1981 24 Hours of Le Mans">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1982 24 Hours of Le Mans">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1983 24 Hours of Le Mans">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1984 24 Hours of Le Mans">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1985 24 Hours of Le Mans">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1986 24 Hours of Le Mans">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1987 24 Hours of Le Mans">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1988 24 Hours of Le Mans">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1989 24 Hours of Le Mans">1989</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1990 24 Hours of Le Mans">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1991 24 Hours of Le Mans">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1992 24 Hours of Le Mans">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1993 24 Hours of Le Mans">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1994 24 Hours of Le Mans">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1995 24 Hours of Le Mans">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1996 24 Hours of Le Mans">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1997 24 Hours of Le Mans">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1998 24 Hours of Le Mans">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1999 24 Hours of Le Mans">1999</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2000 24 Hours of Le Mans">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2001 24 Hours of Le Mans">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2002 24 Hours of Le Mans">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2003 24 Hours of Le Mans">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2004 24 Hours of Le Mans">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2005 24 Hours of Le Mans">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2006 24 Hours of Le Mans">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2007 24 Hours of Le Mans">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2008 24 Hours of Le Mans">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2009 24 Hours of Le Mans">2009</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2010 24 Hours of Le Mans">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2011 24 Hours of Le Mans">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2012 24 Hours of Le Mans">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2013 24 Hours of Le Mans">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2014 24 Hours of Le Mans">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2015 24 Hours of Le Mans">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2016 24 Hours of Le Mans">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2017 24 Hours of Le Mans">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2018 24 Hours of Le Mans">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2019 24 Hours of Le Mans">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2020 24 Hours of Le Mans">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2021 24 Hours of Le Mans">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2022 24 Hours of Le Mans">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2023 24 Hours of Le Mans">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2024 24 Hours of Le Mans">2024</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2025_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="2025 24 Hours of Le Mans">2025</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automobile_Club_de_l%27Ouest" title="Automobile Club de l'Ouest">Automobile Club de l'Ouest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype" title="Le Mans Prototype">Le Mans Prototype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Hypercar" title="Le Mans Hypercar">Le Mans Hypercar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LMDh" title="LMDh">LMDh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LM_GTE" title="LM GTE">LM GTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_GT3" title="Group GT3">LMGT3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Motorsport" title="Triple Crown of Motorsport">Triple Crown of Motorsport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_(motorcycle_race)" title="24 Hours of Le Mans (motorcycle race)">24 Hours of Le Mans (motorcycle race)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Classic" title="Le Mans Classic">Le Mans Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Legend" title="Le Mans Legend">Le Mans Legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_start#Le_Mans" title="Standing start">Le Mans start</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Bridge" title="Dunlop Bridge">Dunlop Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulsanne_Straight" title="Mulsanne Straight">Mulsanne Straight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Le_Mans_disaster" title="1955 Le Mans disaster">1955 Le Mans disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Le_Mans" title="Radio Le Mans">Radio Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_LeMons" class="mw-redirect" title="24 Hours of LeMons">24 Hours of LeMons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_Virtual" title="24 Hours of Le Mans Virtual">24 Hours of Le Mans Virtual</a> (<a href="/wiki/2020_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_Virtual" title="2020 24 Hours of Le Mans Virtual">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_Virtual" title="2022 24 Hours of Le Mans Virtual">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2023_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_Virtual&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023 24 Hours of Le Mans Virtual (page does not exist)">2023</a>)</li> <li>Le Mans Virtual Series (<a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_Le_Mans_Virtual_Series" title="2022–23 Le Mans Virtual Series">2022–23</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_winners" title="List of 24 Hours of Le Mans winners">List of winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_24_hours_of_Le_Mans_records" class="mw-redirect" title="List of 24 hours of Le Mans records">List of records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_drivers" title="List of female 24 Hours of Le Mans drivers">List of female participants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Le_Mans_Prototypes" title="List of Le Mans Prototypes">List of Le Mans Prototypes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_fatalities" title="List of 24 Hours of Le Mans fatalities">List of fatal accidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_(film)" title="Le Mans (film)"><i>Le Mans</i> (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Vaillant_(film)" title="Michel Vaillant (film)"><i>Michel Vaillant</i> (film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/24_heures_d%27amant" title="24 heures d'amant">24 heures d'amant</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Race_(The_Goodies)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Race (The Goodies)">"The Race" (The Goodies)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Truth_in_24" title="Truth in 24">Truth in 24</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Truth_in_24_II" title="Truth in 24 II">Truth in 24 II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ford_v_Ferrari" title="Ford v Ferrari">Ford v Ferrari</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Turismo_(film)" title="Gran Turismo (film)"><i>Gran Turismo</i> (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Mans_Racing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Mans Racing (page does not exist)"><i>Le Mans Racing</i></a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Mans_Racing" class="extiw" title="fr:Le Mans Racing">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_1955_(film)" title="Le Mans 1955 (film)"><i>Le Mans 1955</i> (film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deadliest_Crash:_The_Le_Mans_1955_Disaster" title="Deadliest Crash: The Le Mans 1955 Disaster">Deadliest Crash: The Le Mans 1955 Disaster</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_24_Hours_video_games" title="Le Mans 24 Hours video games">Video games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/LeMans_(video_game)" title="LeMans (video game)">LeMans</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WEC_Le_Mans" title="WEC Le Mans">WEC Le Mans</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_24_(video_game)" title="Le Mans 24 (video game)">Le Mans 24</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_24_Hours_(video_game)" title="Le Mans 24 Hours (video game)">Test Drive Le Mans/Le Mans 24 Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Turismo_(series)" title="Gran Turismo (series)">Gran Turismo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Race_Driver:_Grid" title="Race Driver: Grid">Race Driver: Grid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forza" title="Forza">Forza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Project_CARS" title="Project CARS">Project CARS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IRacing" title="IRacing">iRacing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RFactor_2" title="RFactor 2">rFactor 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Ultimate" title="Le Mans Ultimate">Le Mans Ultimate</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winners_of_the_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans139" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_winners" title="Template:24 Hours of Le Mans winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_winners" title="Template talk:24 Hours of Le Mans winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:24 Hours of Le Mans winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winners_of_the_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans_winners" title="List of 24 Hours of Le Mans winners">Winners</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">24 Hours of Le Mans</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nine-time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Kristensen" title="Tom Kristensen">Tom Kristensen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Six-time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacky_Ickx" title="Jacky Ickx">Jacky Ickx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Five-time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Bell_(racing_driver)" title="Derek Bell (racing driver)">Derek Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Biela" title="Frank Biela">Frank Biela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuele_Pirro" title="Emanuele Pirro">Emanuele Pirro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Four-time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Buemi" title="Sébastien Buemi">Sébastien Buemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yannick_Dalmas" title="Yannick Dalmas">Yannick Dalmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Gendebien" title="Olivier Gendebien">Olivier Gendebien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Pescarolo" title="Henri Pescarolo">Henri Pescarolo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Three-time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Woolf_Barnato" title="Woolf Barnato">Woolf Barnato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinaldo_Capello" title="Rinaldo Capello">Rinaldo Capello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Chinetti" title="Luigi Chinetti">Luigi Chinetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_F%C3%A4ssler_(racing_driver)" title="Marcel Fässler (racing driver)">Marcel Fässler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendon_Hartley" title="Brendon Hartley">Brendon Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurley_Haywood" title="Hurley Haywood">Hurley Haywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Hill" title="Phil Hill">Phil Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Holbert" title="Al Holbert">Al Holbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Lotterer" title="André Lotterer">André Lotterer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Ludwig" title="Klaus Ludwig">Klaus Ludwig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_McNish" title="Allan McNish">Allan McNish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazuki_Nakajima" title="Kazuki Nakajima">Kazuki Nakajima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Tr%C3%A9luyer" title="Benoît Tréluyer">Benoît Tréluyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Werner" title="Marco Werner">Marco Werner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Two-time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Alonso" title="Fernando Alonso">Fernando Alonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Bamber" title="Earl Bamber">Earl Bamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timo_Bernhard" title="Timo Bernhard">Timo Bernhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Birkin" title="Tim Birkin">Tim Birkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Bueb" title="Ivor Bueb">Ivor Bueb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romain_Dumas" title="Romain Dumas">Romain Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Flockhart_(racing_driver)" title="Ron Flockhart (racing driver)">Ron Flockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Jaussaud" title="Jean-Pierre Jaussaud">Jean-Pierre Jaussaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Larrousse" title="Gérard Larrousse">Gérard Larrousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JJ_Lehto" title="JJ Lehto">JJ Lehto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Reuter" title="Manuel Reuter">Manuel Reuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Rossignol" title="André Rossignol">André Rossignol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Sommer" title="Raymond Sommer">Raymond Sommer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Joachim_Stuck" title="Hans-Joachim Stuck">Hans-Joachim Stuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gijs_van_Lennep" title="Gijs van Lennep">Gijs van Lennep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Wimille" title="Jean-Pierre Wimille">Jean-Pierre Wimille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Wurz" title="Alexander Wurz">Alexander Wurz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">One-time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurent_A%C3%AFello" title="Laurent Aïello">Aïello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michele_Alboreto" title="Michele Alboreto">Alboreto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Amon" title="Chris Amon">Amon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seiji_Ara" title="Seiji Ara">Ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attwood" title="Richard Attwood">Attwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Baldi" title="Mauro Baldi">Baldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Bandini" title="Lorenzo Bandini">Bandini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Barilla" title="Paolo Barilla">Barilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Barth" title="Jürgen Barth">Barth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Benjafield" title="Dudley Benjafield">Benjafield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benoist" title="Robert Benoist">Benoist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bianchi" title="Lucien Bianchi">Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bloch_(racing_driver)" title="Robert Bloch (racing driver)">Bloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Blundell" title="Mark Blundell">Blundell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christophe_Bouchut" title="Christophe Bouchut">Bouchut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Brabham" title="David Brabham">D. Brabham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Brabham" title="Geoff Brabham">G. Brabham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Brundle" title="Martin Brundle">Brundle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Calado" title="James Calado">Calado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Chaboud" title="Eugène Chaboud">Chaboud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Clement_(racing_driver)" title="Frank Clement (racing driver)">Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_Cobb" title="Price Cobb">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Conway" title="Mike Conway">Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_(racing_driver)" title="Sammy Davis (racing driver)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_de_Courcelles" title="Gérard de Courcelles">de Courcelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Dickens" title="Stanley Dickens">Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Duff" title="John Duff">Duff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crichton-Stuart,_7th_Marquess_of_Bute" title="John Crichton-Stuart, 7th Marquess of Bute">Dumfries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%AFc_Duval" title="Loïc Duval">Duval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_%C3%89tancelin" title="Philippe Étancelin">Étancelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Font%C3%A9s" title="Luis Fontés">Fontés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._J._Foyt" title="A. J. Foyt">Foyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Fr%C3%A8re" title="Paul Frère">Frère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Fuoco" title="Antonio Fuoco">Fuoco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Gachot" title="Bertrand Gachot">Gachot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Gen%C3%A9" title="Marc Gené">Gené</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Giovinazzi" title="Antonio Giovinazzi">Giovinazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Froil%C3%A1n_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="José Froilán González">González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masten_Gregory" title="Masten Gregory">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Guichet" title="Jean Guichet">Guichet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Gurney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_Hamilton_(racing_driver)" title="Duncan Hamilton (racing driver)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Hawthorn" title="Mike Hawthorn">Hawthorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_H%C3%A9lary" title="Éric Hélary">Hélary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Herbert" title="Johnny Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Herrmann" title="Hans Herrmann">Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Hill" title="Graham Hill">G. Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Hindmarsh" title="John Stuart Hindmarsh">Hindmarsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8D_Hirakawa" title="Ryō Hirakawa">Hirakawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Curzon,_5th_Earl_Howe" title="Francis Curzon, 5th Earl Howe">Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nico_H%C3%BClkenberg" title="Nico Hülkenberg">Hülkenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neel_Jani" title="Neel Jani">Jani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Johansson" title="Stefan Johansson">Johansson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davy_Jones_(racing_driver)" title="Davy Jones (racing driver)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Kidston" title="Glen Kidston">Kidston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamui_Kobayashi" title="Kamui Kobayashi">Kobayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Krages" title="Louis Krages">Krages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Lagache" title="André Lagache">Lagache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Lammers" title="Jan Lammers">Lammers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Lang" title="Hermann Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9onard" title="René Léonard">Léonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Lieb" title="Marc Lieb">Lieb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_L%C3%B3pez" title="José María López">López</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Marko" title="Helmut Marko">Marko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierluigi_Martini" title="Pierluigi Martini">Martini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Mass" title="Jochen Mass">Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_McLaren" title="Bruce McLaren">McLaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Mitchell-Thomson,_2nd_Baron_Selsdon" title="Peter Mitchell-Thomson, 2nd Baron Selsdon">Mitchell-Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Molina_(racing_driver)" title="Miguel Molina (racing driver)">Molina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nielsen_(racing_driver)" title="John Nielsen (racing driver)">J. Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicklas_Nielsen" title="Nicklas Nielsen">N. Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazio_Nuvolari" title="Tazio Nuvolari">Nuvolari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Oliver" title="Jackie Oliver">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Ortelli" title="Stéphane Ortelli">Ortelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Pier_Guidi" title="Alessandro Pier Guidi">Pier Guidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didier_Pironi" title="Didier Pironi">Pironi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Riess" title="Fritz Riess">Riess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Rindt" title="Jochen Rindt">Rindt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Rockenfeller" title="Mike Rockenfeller">Rockenfeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(racing_driver)" title="Pedro Rodríguez (racing driver)">Rodríguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Rolt" title="Tony Rolt">Rolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Rondeau_(racing_driver)" title="Jean Rondeau (racing driver)">Rondeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Rosier" title="Jean-Louis Rosier">J. Rosier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Rosier" title="Louis Rosier">L. Rosier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Rubin" title="Bernard Rubin">Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Salvadori" title="Roy Salvadori">Salvadori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninian_Sanderson" title="Ninian Sanderson">Sanderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Scarfiotti" title="Ludovico Scarfiotti">Scarfiotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vern_Schuppan" title="Vern Schuppan">Schuppan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masanori_Sekiya" title="Masanori Sekiya">Sekiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Shelby" title="Carroll Shelby">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Smith_(racing_driver)" title="Guy Smith (racing driver)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Tandy" title="Nick Tandy">Tandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Tr%C3%A9moulet" title="Jean Trémoulet">Trémoulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Trintignant" title="Maurice Trintignant">Trintignant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Vaccarella" title="Nino Vaccarella">Vaccarella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Veyron" title="Pierre Veyron">Veyron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Walker_(racing_driver)" title="Peter Walker (racing driver)">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Wallace_(racing_driver)" title="Andy Wallace (racing driver)">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Warwick" title="Derek Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Weidler" title="Volker Weidler">Weidler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Whitehead_(racing_driver)" title="Peter Whitehead (racing driver)">Whitehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Whittington" title="Bill Whittington">B. Whittington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Whittington" title="Don Whittington">D. Whittington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Winkelhock" title="Joachim Winkelhock">Winkelhock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="FIA_World_Endurance_Championship_races_(2012–present)286" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FIA_World_Endurance_Championship_races" title="Template:FIA World Endurance Championship races"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FIA_World_Endurance_Championship_races" title="Template talk:FIA World Endurance Championship races"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FIA_World_Endurance_Championship_races" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FIA World Endurance Championship races"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="FIA_World_Endurance_Championship_races_(2012–present)286" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a> races (2012–present)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current (<a href="/wiki/2025_FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="2025 FIA World Endurance Championship">2025</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar"><img alt="Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Qatar_1812_km" title="Qatar 1812 km">Qatar 1812 km</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Imola" title="6 Hours of Imola">6 Hours of Imola</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Spa-Francorchamps" title="6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps">6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">24 Hours of Le Mans</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="6 Hours of São Paulo">6 Hours of São Paulo</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_Le_Mans" title="Lone Star Le Mans">Lone Star Le Mans</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Fuji" title="6 Hours of Fuji">6 Hours of Fuji</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><img alt="Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/8_Hours_of_Bahrain" title="8 Hours of Bahrain">8 Hours of Bahrain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Silverstone" title="4 Hours of Silverstone">4 Hours of Silverstone</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Shanghai" title="4 Hours of Shanghai">4 Hours of Shanghai</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Mexico" title="6 Hours of Mexico">6 Hours of Mexico</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Monza" title="6 Hours of Monza">6 Hours of Monza</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_N%C3%BCrburgring" title="6 Hours of Nürburgring">6 Hours of Nürburgring</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Portim%C3%A3o" title="6 Hours of Portimão">6 Hours of Portimão</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/1000_Miles_of_Sebring" title="1000 Miles of Sebring">1000 Miles of Sebring</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Sebring" title="12 Hours of Sebring">12 Hours of Sebring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_FIA_World_Endurance_Championship_races&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of FIA World Endurance Championship races (page does not exist)">List of FIA World Endurance Championship races</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automobile_endurance_races183" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automobile_endurance_races" title="Template:Automobile endurance races"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automobile_endurance_races" title="Template talk:Automobile endurance races"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automobile_endurance_races" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automobile endurance races"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automobile_endurance_races183" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Automobile <a href="/wiki/Endurance_racing_(motorsport)" title="Endurance racing (motorsport)">endurance races</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">24 hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">24 Hours of Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Daytona" title="24 Hours of Daytona">24 Hours of Daytona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrburgring_24_Hours" title="Nürburgring 24 Hours">Nürburgring 24 Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spa_24_Hours" title="Spa 24 Hours">Spa 24 Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_24_Hour" title="Dubai 24 Hour">Dubai 24 Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuji_24_Hours" title="Fuji 24 Hours">Fuji 24 Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Zolder" title="24 Hours of Zolder">24 Hours of Zolder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Barcelona" title="24 Hours of Barcelona">24 Hours of Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2CV_24_Hour_Race" title="2CV 24 Hour Race">2CV 24 Hour Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Britcar_24-Hour" title="Silverstone Britcar 24-Hour">24H Silverstone</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Longest_Day_of_Nelson" title="Longest Day of Nelson">Longest Day of Nelson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Hours_of_Chamonix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="24 Hours of Chamonix (page does not exist)">24 Hours of Chamonix</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_Heures_de_Chamonix" class="extiw" title="fr:24 Heures de Chamonix">fr</a>]</span></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Willhire_24_Hour" title="Willhire 24 Hour">Willhire 24 Hour</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bathurst_24_Hour" title="Bathurst 24 Hour">Bathurst 24 Hour</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tokachi_24_Hours" title="Tokachi 24 Hours">Tokachi 24 Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Portim%C3%A3o" title="24 Hours of Portimão">24 Hours of Portimão</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12 hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Sebring" title="12 Hours of Sebring">12 Hours of Sebring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathurst_12_Hour" title="Bathurst 12 Hour">Bathurst 12 Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_12_Hours" title="Gulf 12 Hours">Gulf 12 Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepang_12_Hours" title="Sepang 12 Hours">Sepang 12 Hours</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="12 Hours of Kuwait">12 Hours of Kuwait</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Hungary" title="12 Hours of Hungary">12 Hours of Hungary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coppa_Florio" title="Coppa Florio">Coppa Florio 12 Hours of Sicily</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/12_Hours_at_the_Point" title="12 Hours at the Point">12 Hours at the Point</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Brno" title="12 Hours of Brno">12 Hours of Brno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Reims" title="12 Hours of Reims">12 Hours of Reims</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rothmans_12_hours" class="mw-redirect" title="Rothmans 12 hours">Rothmans 12 hours</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10 hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Le_Mans" title="Petit Le Mans">Petit Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_1812_km" title="Qatar 1812 km">Qatar 1812 km</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9 hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyalami_9_Hours" title="Kyalami 9 Hours">Kyalami 9 Hours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8 hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8_Hours_of_Bahrain" title="8 Hours of Bahrain">8 Hours of Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_8_Hour" title="Indianapolis 8 Hour">Indianapolis 8 Hour</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/California_8_Hours" title="California 8 Hours">California 8 Hours</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6 hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6_Hours_of_Abu_Dhabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6 Hours of Abu Dhabi (page does not exist)">6 Hours of Abu Dhabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="6 Hours of Bogotá">6 Hours of Bogotá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Fuji" title="6 Hours of Fuji">6 Hours of Fuji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Imola" title="6 Hours of Imola">6 Hours of Imola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="6 Hours of São Paulo">6 Hours of São Paulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Spa-Francorchamps" title="6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps">6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Watkins_Glen" title="6 Hours of Watkins Glen">6 Hours of Watkins Glen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathurst_Motor_Festival#Bathurst_6_Hour" title="Bathurst Motor Festival">Bathurst 6 Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_Le_Mans" title="Lone Star Le Mans">6 Hours of Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMSA_Battle_on_the_Bricks" title="IMSA Battle on the Bricks">6 Hours of Indianapolis (IMSA)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_of_Atlanta" title="Grand Prix of Atlanta">6 Hours of Atlanta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Donington" title="6 Hours of Donington">6 Hours of Donington</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=6_Hours_of_Jeddah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6 Hours of Jeddah (page does not exist)">6 Hours of Jeddah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Mexico" title="6 Hours of Mexico">6 Hours of Mexico</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Monza" title="6 Hours of Monza">6 Hours of Monza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_N%C3%BCrburgring" title="6 Hours of Nürburgring">6 Hours of Nürburgring</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Six_Hour_Le_Mans" title="Six Hour Le Mans">6 Hours of Perth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Portim%C3%A3o" title="6 Hours of Portimão">6 Hours of Portimão</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Vallelunga" title="6 Hours of Vallelunga">6 Hours of Rome</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Zhuhai" title="6 Hours of Zhuhai">6 Hours of Zhuhai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Car_Challenge_of_Mid-Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Car Challenge of Mid-Ohio">Mid-Ohio 6 Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monterey_Sports_Car_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="Monterey Sports Car Championships">Monterey 6 Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Grand_Prix" title="Chevrolet Grand Prix">Mosport 6 Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times_Grand_Prix" title="Los Angeles Times Grand Prix">Riverside 6 Hours</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4 Hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4_Hours_of_Abu_Dhabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4 Hours of Abu Dhabi (page does not exist)">4 Hours of Abu Dhabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Catalunya" class="mw-redirect" title="1000 km Catalunya">4 Hours of Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4_Hours_of_Dubai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4 Hours of Dubai (page does not exist)">4 Hours of Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Imola" title="4 Hours of Imola">4 Hours of Imola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Castellet#Sports_car_races" class="mw-redirect" title="6 Hours of Castellet">4 Hours of Le Castellet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Portim%C3%A3o" title="4 Hours of Portimão">4 Hours of Portimão</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4_Hours_of_Sepang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4 Hours of Sepang (page does not exist)">4 Hours of Sepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Silverstone" title="4 Hours of Silverstone">4 Hours of Silverstone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4_Hours_of_Spa-Francorchamps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps (page does not exist)">4 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2023_4_Hours_of_Arag%C3%B3n" title="2023 4 Hours of Aragón">4 Hours of Aragón</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Estoril" title="4 Hours of Estoril">4 Hours of Estoril</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2024_4_Hours_of_Mugello" title="2024 4 Hours of Mugello">4 Hours of Mugello</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Zeltweg" title="1000 km Zeltweg">4 Hours of Red Bull Ring</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Shanghai" title="4 Hours of Shanghai">4 Hours of Shanghai</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2 hours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TCR_European_Endurance" title="TCR European Endurance">TCR European Endurance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1000 miles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mil_Milhas_Brasil" title="Mil Milhas Brasil">Mil Milhas Brasil</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1000_Miles_of_Sebring" title="1000 Miles of Sebring">1000 Miles of Sebring</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mille_Miglia" title="Mille Miglia">Mille Miglia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1000 km</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1000_kilometr%C5%B3_lenktyn%C4%97s" class="mw-redirect" title="1000 kilometrų lenktynės">1006 km Palanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Castellet#GT_races" class="mw-redirect" title="6 Hours of Castellet">1000 km Paul Ricard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathurst_1000" title="Bathurst 1000">Bathurst 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baja_1000" title="Baja 1000">Baja 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepang_1000_km" title="Sepang 1000 km">Sepang 1000 km</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzuka_1000_km" title="Suzuka 1000 km">Suzuka 1000 km</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Brands_Hatch" title="1000 km Brands Hatch">1000 km Brands Hatch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Buenos_Aires" title="1000 km Buenos Aires">1000 km Buenos Aires</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Istanbul" title="1000 km Istanbul">1000 km Istanbul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Jarama" title="1000 km Jarama">1000 km Jarama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2003_1000_km_of_Le_Mans" title="2003 1000 km of Le Mans">1000 km Le Mans (Bugatti)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Grand_Prix" title="Chevrolet Grand Prix">1000 km Mosport</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2009_1000_km_of_Okayama" title="2009 1000 km of Okayama">1000 km Okayama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1000_km_of_Paris" title="1000 km of Paris">1000 km Paris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Race_of_a_Thousand_Years" title="Race of a Thousand Years">Race of a Thousand Years</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fun_Cup" title="Fun Cup">25 Hours of Spa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/25_Hours_of_Thunderhill" title="25 Hours of Thunderhill">25 Hours of Thunderhill</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carrera_Panamericana" title="Carrera Panamericana">Carrera Panamericana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charge_of_the_Headlight_Brigade" title="Charge of the Headlight Brigade">Charge of the Headlight Brigade</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Targa_Florio" title="Targa Florio">Targa Florio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2019_TCR_Spa_500" title="2019 TCR Spa 500">TCR Spa 500 Laps or 23 Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_2904" title="The 2904">The 2904</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Defunct races are indicated in <i>italics</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automobile_Club_de_l&#039;Ouest145" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automobile_Club_de_l%27Ouest" title="Template:Automobile Club de l'Ouest"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automobile_Club_de_l%27Ouest" title="Template talk:Automobile Club de l'Ouest"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automobile_Club_de_l%27Ouest" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automobile Club de l'Ouest"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automobile_Club_de_l&#039;Ouest145" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Automobile_Club_de_l%27Ouest" title="Automobile Club de l'Ouest">Automobile Club de l'Ouest</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current championships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Le_Mans_Series" title="European Le Mans Series">European Le Mans Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Le_Mans_Series" title="Asian Le Mans Series">Asian Le Mans Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Cup" title="Le Mans Cup">Le Mans Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former championships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Sportscar_Championship" title="World Sportscar Championship">World Sportscar Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Le_Mans_Series" title="American Le Mans Series">American Le Mans Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_European_Le_Mans_Series" title="2001 European Le Mans Series">European Le Mans Series (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Le_Mans_Cup" title="Intercontinental Le Mans Cup">Intercontinental Le Mans Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Le_Mans_Challenge" title="Japan Le Mans Challenge">Japan Le Mans Challenge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current races</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA WEC</a> (<a href="/wiki/2025_FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="2025 FIA World Endurance Championship">2025</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_1812_km" title="Qatar 1812 km">Qatar 1812 km</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Imola" title="6 Hours of Imola">6 Hours of Imola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Spa-Francorchamps" title="6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps">6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">24 Hours of Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="6 Hours of São Paulo">6 Hours of São Paulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_Le_Mans" title="Lone Star Le Mans">Lone Star Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Fuji" title="6 Hours of Fuji">6 Hours of Fuji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_Hours_of_Bahrain" title="8 Hours of Bahrain">8 Hours of Bahrain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Le_Mans_Series" title="European Le Mans Series">ELMS</a> (<a href="/wiki/2025_European_Le_Mans_Series" title="2025 European Le Mans Series">2025</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Catalunya" class="mw-redirect" title="1000 km Catalunya">4 Hours of Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Castellet#Sports_car_races" class="mw-redirect" title="6 Hours of Castellet">4 Hours of Le Castellet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Imola" title="4 Hours of Imola">4 Hours of Imola</a></li> <li>4 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Silverstone" title="4 Hours of Silverstone">4 Hours of Silverstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Portim%C3%A3o" title="4 Hours of Portimão">4 Hours of Portimão</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Le_Mans_Series" title="Asian Le Mans Series">AsLMS</a> (<a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Asian_Le_Mans_Series" title="2024–25 Asian Le Mans Series">2024–25</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>4 Hours of Sepang</li> <li>4 Hours of Dubai</li> <li>4 Hours of Abu Dhabi</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former races</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA WEC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12_Hours_of_Sebring" title="12 Hours of Sebring">12 Hours of Sebring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_Miles_of_Sebring" title="1000 Miles of Sebring">1000 Miles of Sebring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Mexico" title="6 Hours of Mexico">6 Hours of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Monza" title="6 Hours of Monza">6 Hours of Monza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_N%C3%BCrburgring" title="6 Hours of Nürburgring">6 Hours of Nürburgring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Portim%C3%A3o" title="6 Hours of Portimão">6 Hours of Portimão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Silverstone" title="4 Hours of Silverstone">4 Hours of Silverstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Shanghai" title="4 Hours of Shanghai">4 Hours of Shanghai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Le_Mans_Series" title="European Le Mans Series">ELMS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Le_Mans" title="Petit Le Mans">Petit Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil_Milhas_Brasil" title="Mil Milhas Brasil">Mil Milhas Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Donington" title="6 Hours of Donington">6 Hours of Donington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Istanbul" title="1000 km Istanbul">1000 km Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Jarama" title="1000 km Jarama">1000 km Jarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Monza" title="6 Hours of Monza">1000 km Monza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_N%C3%BCrburgring" title="6 Hours of Nürburgring">1000 km Nürburgring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_1000_km_of_Valencia" title="2007 1000 km of Valencia">1000 km Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Portim%C3%A3o" title="4 Hours of Portimão">4 Hours of Algarve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_4_Hours_of_Arag%C3%B3n" title="2023 4 Hours of Aragón">4 Hours of Aragón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Estoril" title="4 Hours of Estoril">4 Hours of Estoril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_km_Zeltweg" title="1000 km Zeltweg">4 Hours of Red Bull Ring</a></li> <li>4 Hours of Mugello</li> <li>3 Hours of Hungaroring</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Le_Mans_Series" title="Asian Le Mans Series">AsLMS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_1000_km_of_Okayama" title="2009 1000 km of Okayama">1000 km Okayama</a></li> <li>4 Hours of Buriram</li> <li>4 Hours of Fuji</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Shanghai" title="4 Hours of Shanghai">4 Hours of Shanghai</a></li> <li>4 Hours of The Bend</li> <li>4 Hours of Zhuhai</li> <li>3 Hours of Inje</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Le_Mans_Cup" title="Intercontinental Le Mans Cup">ILMC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Le_Mans" title="Petit Le Mans">Petit Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Imola" title="6 Hours of Imola">6 Hours of Imola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Hours_of_Silverstone" title="4 Hours of Silverstone">6 Hours of Silverstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Zhuhai" title="6 Hours of Zhuhai">6 Hours of Zhuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Hours_of_Spa-Francorchamps" title="6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps">1000 km of Spa-Francorchamps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current car classes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LMDh" title="LMDh">LMDh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Hypercar" title="Le Mans Hypercar">Le Mans Hypercar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_GT3" title="Group GT3">LMGT3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype#LMP2" title="Le Mans Prototype">LMP2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype#LMP3" title="Le Mans Prototype">LMP3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former car classes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype" title="Le Mans Prototype">Le Mans Prototype</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Le_Mans_Prototypes" title="List of Le Mans Prototypes">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_Prototype_Challenge" title="Le Mans Prototype Challenge">Le Mans Prototype Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LM_GTE" title="LM GTE">LMGT classes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187579#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/139782736">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="24 Heures du Mans (Automobile race)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1726839/">FAST</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4642007-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="24 Heures du Mans (Automobile race)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2008048270">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Vingt-Quatre Heures du Mans (course automobile)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11949177q">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Vingt-Quatre Heures du Mans (course automobile)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11949177q">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="24 Heures du Mans (automobilový závod)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mzk20231210770&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved 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