CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "epubs.siam.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '923e600affddfd07',cH: 'LC2gHQErItekzj2zw4azMdMf3d.JOXchCxNa9VCS0sY-1742569816-1.2.1.1-H5J5IjjB59NMD8oq7DcnyE9imsKMk8Xqq9SOKA3IDZCN8Si1oXZMaTKWjOxyc3oc',cUPMDTk: "\/doi\/10.1137\/0731085?__cf_chl_tk=LZlsZiDwHnGB6Nc0cd904hQzDAViAJhS0yHwID2WTRM-1742569816-1.0.1.1-qzKZeIJUCpA16PSv9YcO_GT1NNqqWrFPa15CqNRut7A",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1742569816',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/doi\/10.1137\/0731085?__cf_chl_f_tk=LZlsZiDwHnGB6Nc0cd904hQzDAViAJhS0yHwID2WTRM-1742569816-1.0.1.1-qzKZeIJUCpA16PSv9YcO_GT1NNqqWrFPa15CqNRut7A",md: "V2iyynvfpRjnEV_fGyLtU1TW.ScaW.rWZddVVqc4YQA-1742569816-1.2.1.1-WZ0MJtnnCIPv_pInmbXv31GBihSihyyl2DjJDd4lq7i.Ez8bxYUxG9iH7AufDlAC.SiuWAnw0nap07w2uXA7TodavTbii5PPIcSmug5EqFDnlv3SLzzGb1Dgm7BZgN1cDP7Czd3KF1qRS4YSuDEZC3srANRkYBarH_LrhG974j7e8o7UbX92pVUN2O1eoWYmX6kThtz1RZwNIljz2zqjI.n.8Xx1B1Zkbka_CzQ.wE2JbK2UF3JopWHvmQEvzQ2LDy8hTCkMw3z_XnET62L8eN8IYWg_dIfABmmeQq9My9DOMWI08NY6qGf9c8KB1UGFZY_tF675TaOKofpUi_tSmr1d7ncyt9qRA3irDq2OFw.ZycdoJM5hPOoR1_zeDoCqA2dd1f0WcQENookKFYj4jNMwA.pY3x2E.CGIveFVnc9dOBxTVTCdu0iP9ZKPEr_jxTNXkUBUrxsgfr5efrcIbtY_H9TM_7jP9wrHgm7hD1xoG0xkSxrlGRf8k_2JjFJOxxOV49qAZOZPBgMjmw1mcnzrVXJYGOa6GxkcPzXFeLoCq5PB5b.FbUBlOTq14lwwWMfa0bgSELJUgUFRN0DNK7s_EykfTLjwV3foUzPGPfhI9PyAf7tpIrvKrCwe34lPoy.B85015.XVUmw5X_rTeB3168pMablwlt0Pa7NIW5_rV8kWhSZl2gtadzGh95idbyWr0WIYM2o8So6Ja7pHk8sLn1s1zE5ibHImWtYT4G4YUzFGG7ixwknla0Ep1lA3826Z6ZxvhwWXVEcTKiC2JWeGkpZBmwzP47g7ZPkvduPUPlB2ITpDqgrme4PMHU_qnQa1ARPCYkJcu.T103Im1fYXhhXuBMUjU3qthGCzvgWW4p8Aq3NvxePhGBFvmKk2ZAB_dZ7YNRDpvoSfysQHXKGWqs.tCgAX.sCrpWdoOmmn4NfWxZnlQb9HkJdvP3Xq9TfnpcrXOkGCqOjOEMG6MPdP35dBts6bZnQbdITem6Mvb8znnia7Gojh6xmkoyd87K4aJbKsNkkiBVU8c5.ifTlMgm0YsypowPy__jSynY8qwH9BmpBD3sH9N2CGGKijGnhkppMbwg8O_hB4N_p.6p_iRnLHBcCtqCeJqZ2UEy4lnm0Lnx2nmmHO5QCF2meFJKnGsVvpLJDNFkfTozcB3yvDcz1czfnoIchbvWBg1m2v.yTgPOj0xzs7QkY.pfi6ciEk8eDcBbBYyI71XhKPlb3KG8.bcnr6.mMjGEANvNr6_FA4R8SqJ9Ya_C0D6UHp",mdrd: "V7jNzbAga96qU0w0FO5Q_KvbY3KVoMm.DYYJwsIUAew-1742569816-1.2.1.1-zuH4suiKPKlYWqNzUmvEAQuZsL3cmrrJwItE0lcalik30AYtv26muCiw2ZI4CWsG6OwaxiVSiL9AIsu7N26rTZ3oAsrtzBEzhjcpMzKEA_ZABP_hRxUhlP65SC.PgcPe9OBxWjey4BN9frwLtdJYr9H7cQ07Aog5HVC3ZpCPXsM9LUP8t13Tqmbq3_X6Kx2wnd9.dqNewmZWF.LBRc0yfi_vyBzvLSn69IY8UaPjwt7kHR94LTq7JoYoW.PaixLwt2qesaH.kpG9K3ZfMNr0_p0xFU6rPQEaO1R9j30yW7qFCu57pyVvHNljWqUq_zXgujr7Fjz.NIDHCQvVso_lLkjiGZ3wr_JerHp7.e556Q.lpkNL13tokbm2CtnUimmbw62Ruogw0FMzhvW6rklm9rc5czkv3tJwSz6GOpIvyFbwtZlfNEhNcDrLIcUWA7jyjqNqfv16RSandl2zZu0EYqCWyTBkDbbxbRL3IyVm0TaCXcG8uoQCc8gmwsJawU7G2AkmYXwkjo4q5o4W6pT1nRaQr98LqsRuh0k.CIU3W1qGiPOyPlCnqw98CJ7BrwvSw9XH9tera_AjBui0Mke5bOI0RQi_1IsjxgBUl5CCimXe3Z79F2Rj5COYy7sbqQewE8k6WaAsBX_AhuF0iD1Yknr5lasfAVd.Kmtv102CqRyJpCocDVkMiaj_MYz.NdYdQSEUL.ABRoW3AeGtCsnSswVPhvwvuKpWZxZd_vC1kZB7nayQx1gwGNjcEfQVVVfaNrJ1o0vlrMuQlq3siUAT8zy.k7bIyBRymqL8VtIfaC2gSHrFmXqRO5Bre6cW1rhyplyWoEMPT_YPPSvZQa8cMM7vr_klmhDgO_nZfc6ahzFTgyGw6upXlVbl3txULqFz3ur10UC5dQ91d3IzGhRjBgN74AMypFf6YbPOkUDN7EIiGSSvOGLuzUfK_Q3274VvY0nWIsXtvktYQU_Hshdesax3VhW2L._k4IGPWhgdYPYHmcozG8dMlgE4m9k4v9Htb2WhF_Zpas39A2ZCDSYCD3FqYSd3SYUlsAPRRJQAHxxDjo4Ye1_oLCBmKBekYuVNoEwiQWWtFrIA5oySEx7Z0DS2R6uqm3QhT5rRyu3ptFDBs0KuCNDSoufR4DR5X9CPgzuAwRH6LqvGY7fa6RUVEnanWwUlOhWmEwDBXowTyltaQbu65SDx.lEOYcHKI5GDa_na3dt652iVZwhr3M1o2Y08mkWwEbAphir_En2gPCm9i0VDR4TQfTLRSgFSzjp5L8OkI.SNNstowl3VUsJPYDShBQjVtFvxji.mZ02Kxn2.hU_xMQ.cpkPH4zsJxdho09PZeLNbBD.J5wyYE__bpjfqY7eJCpdg9qYt7Yu5U.akq445H.v6_yy86F3s6pKIDI62wnvhkaJvIlmvppAhuXhRRZOdsF_HFJsKHzvww9xab6L4sjzolyLkfZcHFm_5kgmQKiv2B8IC3YMM8T4lgis7j4Kc_4que51k99pYvf.iZeKs2Ziq2MJfCg6fseRXCBBfxH3gtDPJTcyAQLJBATN3cZtyf9twjYurnclihDsXJbb8YxtuSEg42.I.hzHrMCHakuE4bzXll_fB680q5vsRsonPCWM8cuKbmOaR1cRg7XBFt_5tcd4dFkTcrC.TqecKRDvcOqsWuHvXGzICkKYeBb4pMB4MQaxdRUEWQr97uGk4mDgyDvFf7LSuwal7qXGUYaB2SfAvSxv.5FSiDyjUqbyYw.tpHg0fNkOIPQ4.4cVZ8ktx.Ir.YZ2pEurneNTKyeaW0Kq8N6XkYexDkKyXpH_1FrTQGTLU.yqZxGx8hi4q5GU9zfu2h0Le.sfK4H9e3JbFFZtfcZ7OZMT4bJ74.lcF_.T48EaelgBfk_pH1Tu2e9QetyJonGJ9BuyZDX60x_nmUztaJRI.wjpmzRgPhHhk8cbmMHkdM0Cpu7ldDYqGk2skNmC25SMw83q2BsentYe77ajIIivzPZTNLTs34P5gXIaCMW6ynWIgfSE8uK1qd5X_o3pa7s0NdApIqaX8wD4B8inFt_AfIXQGOA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=923e600affddfd07';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/doi\/10.1137\/0731085?__cf_chl_rt_tk=LZlsZiDwHnGB6Nc0cd904hQzDAViAJhS0yHwID2WTRM-1742569816-1.0.1.1-qzKZeIJUCpA16PSv9YcO_GT1NNqqWrFPa15CqNRut7A" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>