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<span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Struttura</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Struttura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-File_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#File_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>File System</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-File_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applicazioni_e_librerie_usate_nei_cluster_Hadoop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applicazioni_e_librerie_usate_nei_cluster_Hadoop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Applicazioni e librerie usate nei cluster Hadoop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applicazioni_e_librerie_usate_nei_cluster_Hadoop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architetture_dei_sistemi_basati_su_Hadoop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architetture_dei_sistemi_basati_su_Hadoop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Architetture dei sistemi basati su Hadoop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architetture_dei_sistemi_basati_su_Hadoop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribuzioni_di_Hadoop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribuzioni_di_Hadoop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribuzioni di Hadoop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribuzioni_di_Hadoop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Differenza_tra_Hadoop_1_e_Hadoop_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Differenza_tra_Hadoop_1_e_Hadoop_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Differenza tra Hadoop 1 e Hadoop 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Differenza_tra_Hadoop_1_e_Hadoop_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Differenza_tra_Hadoop_2_e_Hadoop_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Differenza_tra_Hadoop_2_e_Hadoop_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Differenza tra Hadoop 2 e Hadoop 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Differenza_tra_Hadoop_2_e_Hadoop_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Apache Hadoop</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 32 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A_%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8" title="أباتشي هدوب - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أباتشي هدوب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%BE" title="آپاچی هدوپ - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آپاچی هدوپ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadoop" title="Hadoop - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A4" title="האדופ - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האדופ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%8C%8C%EC%B9%98_%ED%95%98%EB%91%A1" title="아파치 하둡 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아파치 하둡" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹഡൂപ്പ് - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹഡൂപ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadoop" title="Hadoop - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadoop" title="Hadoop - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadoop" title="Hadoop - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Апачи Хадуп - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Апачи Хадуп" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D" title="அப்பாச்சி ஹடூப் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அப்பாச்சி ஹடூப்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D" title="హడూప్ - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హడూప్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8C_%DB%81%DA%88%D9%88%D9%BE" title="اپاچی ہڈوپ - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اپاچی ہڈوپ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Apache Hadoop" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q29120#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r143074810">.mw-parser-output .sinottico{background-color:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;border-spacing:0;clear:right;float:right;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em;margin:0 0 1em 1.5em;width:280px}.mw-parser-output .sinottico caption{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){background-color:#f3f3f3;border-right:1px solid #e5e5e8;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th{border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output 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.sinottico_piede{text-align:center;font-size:90%;background:#EFEFEF}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede2{background-color:white;font-size:xx-small;padding-bottom:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_sottotitolo{font-size:80%}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata th{background-color:#dedede;font-size:116%;padding:.2em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testo_centrale{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2">Apache Hadoop<br /><span class="sinottico_sottotitolo"><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hadoop_logo_new.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo"><img alt="Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hadoop_logo_new.svg/100px-Hadoop_logo_new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hadoop_logo_new.svg/150px-Hadoop_logo_new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hadoop_logo_new.svg/200px-Hadoop_logo_new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Logo</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th>Genere</th><td><a href="/wiki/Calcolo_distribuito" title="Calcolo distribuito">Calcolo distribuito</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sviluppatore_di_software" title="Sviluppatore di software">Sviluppatore</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundation" title="Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Data prima versione</th><td>1º aprile 2006 </td></tr><tr><th>Ultima versione</th><td>3.4.1 (18 ottobre 2024) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo">Sistema operativo</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Multipiattaforma" title="Multipiattaforma">Multipiattaforma</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Linguaggio_di_programmazione" title="Linguaggio di programmazione">Linguaggio</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Java_(linguaggio_di_programmazione)" title="Java (linguaggio di programmazione)">Java</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Licenza_(informatica)" title="Licenza (informatica)">Licenza</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Apache_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache License">Apache License</a> 2.0<br />(<a href="/wiki/Licenza_di_software_libero" title="Licenza di software libero">licenza libera</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sito_web" title="Sito web">Sito web</a></th><td><span style="word-break: break-all;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hadoop.apache.org">hadoop.apache.org</a></span> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29120" class="extiw" title="d:Q29120"><span title="Modifica i dati della voce Apache Hadoop su Wikidata">Modifica dati su Wikidata</span></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Software/man" title="Template:Software/man"><span title="Manuale del template Software">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Apache Hadoop</b> è un <a href="/wiki/Framework" title="Framework">framework</a> sotto una <a href="/wiki/Licenza_libera" title="Licenza libera">licenza libera</a> che supporta applicazioni distribuite con elevato accesso ai dati, permettendo alle applicazioni di lavorare con migliaia di nodi e <a href="/wiki/Petabyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Petabyte">petabyte</a> di dati<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ispirato dalla <a href="/wiki/MapReduce" title="MapReduce">MapReduce</a> di <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e dal <a href="/wiki/Google_File_System" title="Google File System">Google File System</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, è un progetto della <a href="/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundation" title="Apache Software Foundation">fondazione Apache</a> di alto livello costruito e usato da una comunità globale di contributori, che usano i linguaggi di programmazione <a href="/wiki/Java_(linguaggio_di_programmazione)" title="Java (linguaggio di programmazione)">Java</a> e <a href="/wiki/Scala_(linguaggio_di_programmazione)" title="Scala (linguaggio di programmazione)">Scala</a>. </p><p>Usato anche da <a href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">AOL</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Ebay" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebay">Ebay</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Linkedin" class="mw-redirect" title="Linkedin">Linkedin</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e <a href="/wiki/Twitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Twitter">Twitter</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, il più grande contributore a questo progetto è stato <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, e ne fa fortemente uso<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Offre una grande quantità di librerie di semplice utilizzo ed ha per il momento tre versioni, la prima versione di Hadoop contiene Map Reduce e Hadoop Distributed File System (<a href="/wiki/HDFS" class="mw-redirect" title="HDFS">HDFS</a>); dalla prima versione di Hadoop sono cambiate le necessità di prestazione, per questo motivo la seconda versione è stata quindi integrata con YARN<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Il nome del progetto è stato scelto dal suo creatore Doug Cutting, il quale ha scelto Hadoop, il nome dell'elefante di pezza di suo figlio<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. In origine fu sviluppato per supportare la distribuzione per il progetto del <a href="/wiki/Motore_di_ricerca" title="Motore di ricerca">motore di ricerca</a> <a href="/wiki/Nutch" title="Nutch">Nutch</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struttura">Struttura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Struttura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Struttura"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Big-data-concepts-20-638.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Big-data-concepts-20-638.jpg/260px-Big-data-concepts-20-638.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Big-data-concepts-20-638.jpg/390px-Big-data-concepts-20-638.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Big-data-concepts-20-638.jpg/520px-Big-data-concepts-20-638.jpg 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption>Architettura Apache Haadoop Framework</figcaption></figure> <p>Hadoop, inteso in senso stretto, è composto da HDFS, MapReduce e YARN. Per ecosistema Hadoop si intendono tutti gli strumenti realizzati appositamente per integrarsi con questi, quali ad esempio Sqoop, Hive, Flume. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="File_System">File System</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione File System" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: File System"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'<b>Hadoop Distributed File System</b> (in sigla <b>HDFS</b>) è un file system distribuito, <a href="/wiki/Portabilit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Portabilità">portabile</a> e <a href="/wiki/Scalabilit%C3%A0" title="Scalabilità">scalabile</a> scritto in Java per il framework Hadoop. Un cluster in Hadoop tipicamente possiede uno o più name node (su cui risiedono i metadati dei file) e un insieme di data node (su cui risiedono, in blocchi di dimensione fissa, i file dell'HDFS). I formati più usati per i file su HDFS sono <a href="/wiki/Comma-separated_values" title="Comma-separated values">Comma-separated values</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://avro.apache.org/">Apache Avro</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orc.apache.org/">Apache ORC</a> e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parquet.apache.org/">Apache Parquet</a>. </p><p>HDFS viene utilizzato per l'archiviazione dei dati e MapReduce viene utilizzato per l'elaborazione dei dati. HDFS ha cinque servizi. </p><p>I primi tre sono servizi master/demoni/nodi e gli ultimi due sono servizi slave. I servizi Master possono comunicare tra loro e allo stesso modo i servizi Slave possono comunicare tra loro. Name Node è un nodo master e Data node è il corrispondente nodo Slave e può comunicare tra loro. </p><p><b>Name Node</b>: HDFS è costituito da un solo Name Node chiamato Master Node. Il nodo master può tenere traccia dei file, gestire il file system e ha i metadati di tutti i dati memorizzati al suo interno. In particolare, il nodo nome contiene i dettagli del numero di blocchi, le posizioni del nodo dati in cui sono archiviati i dati, dove sono archiviate le repliche e altri dettagli. Il nodo del nome ha un contatto diretto con il client. </p><p><b>Nodo dati</b>: un nodo dati memorizza i dati in esso come blocchi. Questo è anche noto come nodo slave e memorizza i dati effettivi in HDFS che è responsabile della lettura e della scrittura da parte del client. Questi sono demoni schiavi. Ogni nodo Dati invia un messaggio Heartbeat al nodo Nome ogni 3 secondi e comunica che è vivo. In questo modo, quando Name Node non riceve un heartbeat da un nodo di dati per 2 minuti, considera quel nodo di dati come morto e avvia il processo di replica dei blocchi su un altro nodo di dati. </p><p><b>Nodo nome secondario</b>: serve solo per prendersi cura dei punti di controllo dei <a href="/wiki/Metadati" class="mw-redirect" title="Metadati">metadati</a> del file system che si trova nel nodo nome. Questo è anche noto come checkpoint Node. È il nodo di supporto per il nodo dei nomi. Il nodo del nome secondario indica al nodo del nome di creare e inviare il file fsimage e editlog, su cui il file fsimage compresso viene creato dal nodo del nome secondario.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Job Tracker</b>: Job Tracker riceve le richieste di esecuzione di Map Reduce dal client. Job tracker comunica con il Name Node per conoscere la posizione dei dati che verranno utilizzati nell'elaborazione. Il Nodo Nome risponde con i metadati dei dati di elaborazione richiesti. </p><p><b>Task Tracker</b>: è il nodo slave per il Job Tracker e prenderà l'attività dal Job Tracker. Riceve anche il codice dal Job Tracker. Task Tracker prenderà il codice e lo applicherà al file. Il processo di applicazione di quel codice sul file è noto come Mapper.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hadoop supporta anche: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_S3" title="Amazon S3">Amazon S3</a> file system<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>;</li> <li>Azure data lake store<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>;</li></ul> <p>Hadoop può lavorare direttamente con qualsiasi file system distribuito che possa essere montato da un <a href="/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo">sistema operativo</a> sottostante semplicemente usando un URL del tipo 'file://'. </p><p>Un componente che permette di integrare Hadoop con un grande quantitativo di filesystem, distribuiti e non, è <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alluxio.io/">Alluxio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Applicazioni_e_librerie_usate_nei_cluster_Hadoop">Applicazioni e librerie usate nei cluster Hadoop</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Applicazioni e librerie usate nei cluster Hadoop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Applicazioni e librerie usate nei cluster Hadoop"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Elaborazione dati in modalità batch</dt></dl> <p>Quando nacque Hadoop, l'unico modo di realizzare applicativi di elaborazione dati era MapReduce, che richiede di scrivere molto codice Java anche per le attività più semplici. Col passare degli anni, vennero inventate librerie come <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cascading.org/">Cascading</a> e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crunch.apache.org/">Apache Crunch</a> per rendere più agevole la realizzazione di questi programmi. A questi si è affiancato <a href="/wiki/Pig_(programma)" title="Pig (programma)">Pig</a>, uno strumento che permetteva di usare un linguaggio ispirato ad SQL. </p><p>Un cambiamento consistente è avvenuto con l'introduzione di <a href="/wiki/Apache_Spark" title="Apache Spark">Apache Spark</a> che usa in modo aggressivo la memoria RAM dei nodi del cluster per eseguire le elaborazioni con una velocità nettamente superiore a quella di MapReduce. Col tempo, Apache Spark si è evoluto, aggiungendo il supporto ad un linguaggio simile ad SQL e la possibilità di eseguire elaborazioni streaming di tipo microbatch. </p> <dl><dt>Elaborazione dati in modalità Streaming</dt></dl> <p>Per l'elaborazione di dati in modalità streaming con bassa latenza è possibile usare: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flink.apache.org/">Apache Flink</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apache.github.io/incubator-heron/">Apache Heron</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://samza.apache.org/">Apache Samza</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gearpump.github.io/gearpump/">Gearpump</a></li></ul> <p>Una libreria degna di nota è <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://akka.io/">Akka</a>. Questa permette di elaborare dati con delle prestazioni molto elevate sfruttando l'Actor Model. Le prime versioni di Apache Spark, precedenti alla 1.6, erano costruite proprio su Akka. </p><p>Sono stati creati anche degli strumenti che permettono di definire i flussi di elaborazione dati attraverso dei diagrammi. Tra questi troviamo <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nifi.apache.org/">Apache NiFi</a> e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://streamsets.com/opensource">StreamSets Data Collector</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Strumenti per la gestione dei dati</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Hive" title="Apache Hive">Apache Hive</a>, che viene usato per interrogare il contenuto di HDFS usando un linguaggio molto simile all'SQL che si chiama Hive Query Language;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://impala.apache.org/">Apache Impala</a>, simile a Hive, ma avente una latenza inferiore a fronte di un throughput inferiore. A questo software mancano le funzionalità più avanzate di Hive, ad esempio la gestione degli indici e dei dati di dato più complessi. Usa Impala Query Language;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drill.apache.org/">Apache Drill</a>, uno strumento simile ad Hive ed Impala;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://prestodb.github.io/">Presto</a> uno strumento per interrogare dati su HDFS simile ad Hive ed Impala, sviluppato da Facebook;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Kafka" title="Apache Kafka">Apache Kafka</a> che viene usato per trasmettere dei messaggi e per custodire nel tempo i messaggi che sono stati trasmessi;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sqoop" title="Sqoop">Sqoop</a>, strumento da linea di comando che permette di importare dati da basi dati relazionali verso HDFS e vice versa;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Flume" title="Apache Flume">Apache Flume</a>, un servizio distribuito affidabile e disponibile per la raccolta, l'aggregazione e il trasporto un grande quantitativo di dati di log in maniera efficiente.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Console web</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ambari.apache.org/">Apache Ambari</a>, che aiuta ad amministrare un cluster Hadoop con maggiore semplicità;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gethue.com/">Hue</a>, una interfaccia grafica che permette di avere un punto di ingresso unico a tutti gli strumenti web per Hadoop;</li></ul> <dl><dt>Basi dati non relazionali</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HBase" title="HBase">HBase</a>, una base dati distribuita che usa HDFS per gestire i dati</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Cassandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Cassandra">Apache Cassandra</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kudu.apache.org/">Apache Kudu</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Altri strumenti</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_ZooKeeper" title="Apache ZooKeeper">Apache ZooKeeper</a>, un servizio di configurazione e sincronizzazione distribuito,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architetture_dei_sistemi_basati_su_Hadoop">Architetture dei sistemi basati su Hadoop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Architetture dei sistemi basati su Hadoop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Architetture dei sistemi basati su Hadoop"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Usando Hadoop è possibile realizzare architetture di tipo Lambda, descritte da Nathan Marz e James Warren. Questo tipo di architettura prevede dei flussi batch e dei flussi streaming in parallelo. Il limite di questo approccio è che bisogna scrivere il doppio del codice. Per provare a superare questo limite, è stata proposta l'architettura Kappa, nella quale viene fatto tutto in streaming. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribuzioni_di_Hadoop">Distribuzioni di Hadoop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Distribuzioni di Hadoop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Distribuzioni di Hadoop"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sebbene sia possibile scaricare ed installare autonomamente tutti i software necessari per far funzionare un cluster Hadoop, in molti casi è preferibile usare una distribuzione nella quale sono già presenti ed installati tutti questi software. </p><p>Tra le distribuzioni più note troviamo: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cloudera.com/products/open-source/apache-hadoop/key-cdh-components.html">Cloudera distribution, including Hadoop</a> una distribuzione open source che include i principali pacchetti usati per Hadoop;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cloudera.com/downloads/hdp.html">Hortonworks Data Platform</a> distribuzione Open Source, dismessa a seguito della fusione con Cloudera;</li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180521103749/https://mapr.com/products/mapr-converged-data-platform/"><span style="font-style:italic;">The MapR Converged Data Platform</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">mapr.com</span> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://mapr.com/products/mapr-converged-data-platform/">url originale</abbr> il 21 maggio 2018)</small>.</cite> una distribuzione commerciale, acquisita da HPE<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>;</li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191029222026/https://e.huawei.com/ae/solutions/cloud-computing/big-data"><span style="font-style:italic;">Huawei FusionInsight</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">e.huawei.com</span> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://e.huawei.com/ae/solutions/cloud-computing/big-data">url originale</abbr> il 29 ottobre 2019)</small>.</cite> una distribuzione commerciale.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Distribuzioni cloud</dt></dl> <p>È possibile usufruire di cluster Hadoop già installati e configurati in cloud, tra le principali opzioni ci sono: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aws.amazon.com/it/emr/features/hadoop/">Amazon Elastic Map Reduce</a> in cui è possibile utilizzare Hive, Pig, Hue, Ganglia, Oozie e HBase ed eseguire Spark e Presto;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://azure.microsoft.com/it-it/services/hdinsight/">Azure HDInsight</a> che permette di eseguire Apache Hadoop, Spark, Hive, Kafka;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloud.google.com/dataproc/docs/concepts/components/overview">Google cloud Dataproc</a> permette l'utilizzo di vari componenti di Hadoop: Hive, HBase, Flink, Presto;</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alibabacloud.com/product/emapreduce">Alibaba Cloud E-MapReduce</a> permette l'uso di Apache Hive, Apache Kafka, Flink, Druid, e TensorFlow.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Differenza_tra_Hadoop_1_e_Hadoop_2">Differenza tra Hadoop 1 e Hadoop 2</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Differenza tra Hadoop 1 e Hadoop 2" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Differenza tra Hadoop 1 e Hadoop 2"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La più grande differenza tra Hadoop 1 e Hadoop 2 è l'aggiunta di YARN (Yet Another Resource Negotiator), che ha sostituito il motore MapReduce nella prima versione di Hadoop. YARN si sforza di allocare le risorse a varie applicazioni in modo efficace. Esegue due demoni, che si occupano di due diverse attività: il gestore delle risorse, che esegue il monitoraggio dei lavori e l'allocazione delle risorse alle <a href="/wiki/Applicazioni" class="mw-redirect" title="Applicazioni">applicazioni</a>, il master dell'applicazione, che monitora l'avanzamento dell'esecuzione.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Differenza_tra_Hadoop_2_e_Hadoop_3">Differenza tra Hadoop 2 e Hadoop 3</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Differenza tra Hadoop 2 e Hadoop 3" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Differenza tra Hadoop 2 e Hadoop 3"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ci sono importanti funzionalità fornite da Hadoop 3. Ad esempio, mentre c'è un singolo namenode in Hadoop 2, Hadoop 3 consente di avere più name node, che risolve il problema del singolo punto di errore. </p><p>In Hadoop 3, ci sono contenitori che funzionano in linea di principio di Docker, il che riduce il tempo speso per lo sviluppo delle applicazioni. Uno dei maggiori cambiamenti è che Hadoop 3 riduce il sovraccarico di archiviazione con la codifica di cancellazione. </p><p>Inoltre, Hadoop 3 consente l'utilizzo dell'<a href="/wiki/Hardware" title="Hardware">hardware</a> <a href="/wiki/GPU" title="GPU">GPU</a> all'interno del cluster, il che rappresenta un vantaggio sostanziale per l'esecuzione di algoritmi di <a href="/wiki/Deep_learning" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep learning">deep learning</a> su un cluster Hadoop.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://siliconangle.com/2018/05/03/google-lands-deal-host-twitters-300-petabyte-hadoop-clusters-cloud/">Google lands deal to host Twitter’s 300-petabyte Hadoop big-data clusters on its cloud</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/it//archive/mapreduce-osdi04.pdf">MapReduce:Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/it//archive/gfs-sosp2003.pdf">The Google File System</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.datanami.com/2016/11/15/data-science-team-sport-aol/">Why Data Science is a Team Sport at AOL</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.ebayinc.com/engineering/hadoop-the-power-of-the-elephant/">Hadoop - The Power of the Elephant</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/notes/facebook-engineering/hadoop/16121578919/">Hadoop</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/analytics/hadoop">Apache Hadoop</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://engineering.linkedin.com/hadoop/recap-improving-hadoop-performance-1000x">Recap: Improving Hadoop Performance by (up to) 1000x</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://labs.spotify.com/2017/10/16/big-data-processing-at-spotify-the-road-to-scio-part-1/">Big Data Processing at Spotify: The Road to Scio (Part 1)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.nytimes.com/announcing-the-map-reduce-toolkit-502b6100eeeb">Announcing the Map/Reduce Toolkit</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/twitter/how-twitter-shrunk-its-hadoop-clusters-and-their-energy-consumption">How Twitter Shrunk Its Hadoop Clusters and Their Energy Consumption</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2011/10/how-yahoo-spawned-hadoop/">How Yahoo Spawned Hadoop, the Future of Big Data</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.datanami.com/2017/06/16/yahoos-massive-hadoop-scale-display-dataworks-summit/">Yahoo’s Massive Hadoop Scale on Display at Dataworks Summit</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dezyre.com/article/hadoop-2-0-yarn-framework-the-gateway-to-easier-programming-for-hadoop-users/84">Hadoop 2.0 (YARN) Framework - The Gateway to Easier Programming for Hadoop Users</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/id/100769719">Hadoop: Toddler Talk Provides Big Data Name</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/hadoop-history-or-evolution/">Hadoop History or Evolution</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210817121416/https://python.engineering/data-science-from-scratch-first-principles-with-python/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Data Science from Scratch. First Principles with Python</span></a>, O'Reilly, 2019, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9781492041139" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/9781492041139">9781492041139</a>. <small>URL consultato il 5 ottobre 2021</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://python.engineering/data-science-from-scratch-first-principles-with-python/">url originale</abbr> il 17 agosto 2021)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Balram, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gyansetu.in/big-data-hadoop-tutorial-for-beginners"><span style="font-style:italic;">Big Data Hadoop Tutorial for Beginners</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gyansetu.in</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 marzo 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191023001222/http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r2.7.5/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-hdfs/HdfsUserGuide.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Archived copy</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">hadoop.apache.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 19 giugno 2020</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://hadoop.apache.org/DOCS/R2.7.5/HADOOP-PROJECT-DIST/HADOOP-HDFS/HDFSUSERGUIDE.HTML">url originale</abbr> il 23 ottobre 2019)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/HADOOP2/AmazonS3">S3 Support in Apache Hadoop</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/current/hadoop-azure-datalake/index.html">Hadoop Azure Data Lake Support</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hpe.com/us/en/newsroom/press-release/2019/08/hpe-advances-its-intelligent-data-platform-with-acquisition-of-mapr-business-assets.html">HPE advances its intelligent data platform with acquisition of MapR business assets</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Frank Kane, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://big-data.digital/taming-big-data-with-apache-spark-and-python/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Taming Big Data with Apache Spark and Python</span></a>, Packt, 2017, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1787287945" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1787287945">978-1787287945</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Eric Sammer, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.it/books?id=W5VWrrCOuQ8C&pg=PA92&dq=Hadoop&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiK7uiunO3yAhVJxoUKHTVtCb0Q6AF6BAgDEAI#v=onepage&q&f=false"><span style="font-style:italic;">Hadoop Operations</span></a>, O'Reilly.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Jay Kreps, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/questioning-the-lambda-architecture"><span style="font-style:italic;">Questioning the Lambda Architecture</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">oreilly.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 9 aprile 2019</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Nathan Marz e James Warren, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manning.com/books/big-data"><span style="font-style:italic;">Big Data. Principles and best practices of scalable realtime data systems</span></a>, Manning, 2015.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Tom White, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920033448.do"><span style="font-style:italic;">Hadoop: The Definitive Guide, 4th Edition</span></a>, O'Reilly, 2015.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Sam R. 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2018.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Tomasz Wiktorski, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/it/book/9783030046026"><span style="font-style:italic;">Data-intensive Systems: Principles and Fundamentals using Hadoop and Spark</span></a>, Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 2019.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hadoop&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span 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Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundation" title="Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Progetti principali</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Apache_Accumulo" title="Apache Accumulo">Accumulo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_ActiveMQ" title="Apache ActiveMQ">ActiveMQ</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Ambari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Ambari (la pagina non esiste)">Ambari</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Ant" title="Apache Ant">Ant</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Aries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Aries (la pagina non esiste)">Aries</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache HTTP Server</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Portable_Runtime&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Portable Runtime (la pagina non esiste)">APR</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Avro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Avro (la pagina non esiste)">Avro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Axis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Axis (la pagina non esiste)">Axis</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Axis2" title="Apache Axis2">Axis2</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Beam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Beam (la pagina non esiste)">Beam</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Bloodhound&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Bloodhound (la pagina non esiste)">Bloodhound</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Brooklyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Brooklyn (la pagina non esiste)">Brooklyn</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Buildr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Buildr (la pagina non esiste)">Buildr</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Calcite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Calcite (la pagina non esiste)">Calcite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Camel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Camel (la pagina non esiste)">Camel</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cassandra_(database)" title="Cassandra (database)">Cassandra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Cayenne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Cayenne (la pagina non esiste)">Cayenne</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Chemistry (la pagina non esiste)">Chemistry</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_CloudStack" title="Apache CloudStack">CloudStack</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Cocoon" title="Apache Cocoon">Cocoon</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Cordova" title="Apache Cordova">Cordova</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/CouchDB" title="CouchDB">CouchDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CTAKES&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CTAKES (la pagina non esiste)">cTAKES</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_CXF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache CXF (la pagina non esiste)">CXF</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Derby" title="Apache Derby">Derby</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Directory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Directory (la pagina non esiste)">Directory</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Drill" title="Apache Drill">Drill</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Empire-db&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Empire-db (la pagina non esiste)">Empire-db</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Felix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Felix (la pagina non esiste)">Felix</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Flex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Flex (la pagina non esiste)">Flex</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Flink&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Flink (la pagina non esiste)">Flink</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Flume" title="Apache Flume">Flume</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Geronimo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Geronimo (la pagina non esiste)">Geronimo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Gora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Gora (la pagina non esiste)">Gora</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Gump&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Gump (la pagina non esiste)">Gump</a><b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hadoop</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/HBase" title="HBase">HBase</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Hive" title="Apache Hive">Hive</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Jackrabbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Jackrabbit (la pagina non esiste)">Jackrabbit</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_James&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache James (la pagina non esiste)">James</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jini (la pagina non esiste)">Jini</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/JMeter" title="JMeter">JMeter</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Kafka" title="Apache Kafka">Kafka</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Kudu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Kudu (la pagina non esiste)">Kudu</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Kylin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Kylin (la pagina non esiste)">Kylin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lucene" title="Lucene">Lucene</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Mahout" title="Apache Mahout">Mahout</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Maven" title="Apache Maven">Maven</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_MINA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache MINA (la pagina non esiste)">MINA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mod_perl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mod perl (la pagina non esiste)">mod_perl</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_MyFaces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache MyFaces (la pagina non esiste)">MyFaces</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/NetBeans" title="NetBeans">NetBeans</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Nutch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Nutch (la pagina non esiste)">Nutch</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_OFBiz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache OFBiz (la pagina non esiste)">OFBiz</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Oozie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Oozie (la pagina non esiste)">Oozie</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_OpenEJB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache OpenEJB (la pagina non esiste)">OpenEJB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_OpenJPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache OpenJPA (la pagina non esiste)">OpenJPA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_OpenNLP" title="Apache OpenNLP">OpenNLP</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_OpenOffice" title="Apache OpenOffice">OpenOffice</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_PDFBox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache PDFBox (la pagina non esiste)">PDFBox</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Parquet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Parquet (la pagina non esiste)">Parquet</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Phoenix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Phoenix (la pagina non esiste)">Phoenix</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_POI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache POI (la pagina non esiste)">POI</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pig_(programma)" title="Pig (programma)">Pig</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Pivot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Pivot (la pagina non esiste)">Pivot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Qpid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Qpid (la pagina non esiste)">Qpid</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Roller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Roller (la pagina non esiste)">Roller</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Samza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Samza (la pagina non esiste)">Samza</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_ServiceMix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache ServiceMix (la pagina non esiste)">ServiceMix</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Shiro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Shiro (la pagina non esiste)">Shiro</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Sling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Sling (la pagina non esiste)">Sling</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Solr" title="Apache Solr">Solr</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Spark" title="Apache Spark">Spark</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Stanbol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Stanbol (la pagina non esiste)">Stanbol</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Storm_(event_processor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Storm (event processor) (la pagina non esiste)">Storm</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/SpamAssassin" title="SpamAssassin">SpamAssassin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Struts_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Struts 1 (la pagina non esiste)">Struts 1</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Struts_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Struts 2 (la pagina non esiste)">Struts 2</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Subversion" title="Subversion">Subversion</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_SystemML&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache SystemML (la pagina non esiste)">SystemML</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Tapestry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Tapestry (la pagina non esiste)">Tapestry</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Thrift" title="Apache Thrift">Thrift</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Tika" title="Apache Tika">Tika</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Tomcat" title="Apache Tomcat">Tomcat</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Traffic_Server&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traffic Server (la pagina non esiste)">Traffic Server</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_UIMA" title="Apache UIMA">UIMA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Velocity" title="Apache Velocity">Velocity</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Wicket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Wicket (la pagina non esiste)">Wicket</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Xalan" title="Xalan">Xalan</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Xerces" title="Xerces">Xerces</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_ZooKeeper" title="Apache ZooKeeper">ZooKeeper</a></td><td rowspan="6" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Apache_Software_Foundation_Logo_(2016).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ASF logo"><img alt="ASF logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Apache_Software_Foundation_Logo_%282016%29.svg/200px-Apache_Software_Foundation_Logo_%282016%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Apache_Software_Foundation_Logo_%282016%29.svg/300px-Apache_Software_Foundation_Logo_%282016%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Apache_Software_Foundation_Logo_%282016%29.svg/400px-Apache_Software_Foundation_Logo_%282016%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>Apache Commons</i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Byte_Code_Engineering_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byte Code Engineering Library (la pagina non esiste)">BCEL</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bean_Scripting_Framework&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bean Scripting Framework (la pagina non esiste)">BSF</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons_Daemon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commons Daemon (la pagina non esiste)">Daemon</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Jelly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Jelly (la pagina non esiste)">Jelly</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Commons_Logging&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Commons Logging (la pagina non esiste)">Logging</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>Apache Incubator</i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/NuttX" title="NuttX">NuttX</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Singa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Singa (la pagina non esiste)">SINGA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Trafodion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Trafodion (la pagina non esiste)">Trafodion</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_XAP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache XAP (la pagina non esiste)">XAP</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Altri progetti</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Batik_(software)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batik (software) (la pagina non esiste)">Batik</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chainsaw_(log_file_viewer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chainsaw (log file viewer) (la pagina non esiste)">Chainsaw</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Formatting_Objects_Processor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formatting Objects Processor (la pagina non esiste)">FOP</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Ivy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Ivy (la pagina non esiste)">Ivy</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Log4j" title="Log4j">Log4j</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>Apache Attic</i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Abdera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Abdera (la pagina non esiste)">Abdera</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Apex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Apex (la pagina non esiste)">Apex</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=AxKit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AxKit (la pagina non esiste)">AxKit</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Beehive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Beehive (la pagina non esiste)">Beehive</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=BlueSky_Open_Platform&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BlueSky Open Platform (la pagina non esiste)">Bluesky</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/IBATIS" title="IBATIS">iBATIS</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakarta_Cactus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakarta Cactus (la pagina non esiste)">Cactus</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Click&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Click (la pagina non esiste)">Click</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Continuum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Continuum (la pagina non esiste)">Continuum</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deltacloud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deltacloud (la pagina non esiste)">Deltacloud</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Excalibur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Excalibur (la pagina non esiste)">Excalibur</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Forrest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Forrest (la pagina non esiste)">Forrest</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Hama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Hama (la pagina non esiste)">Hama</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Harmony" title="Apache Harmony">Harmony</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_HiveMind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache HiveMind (la pagina non esiste)">HiveMind</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jakarta_Project" title="Jakarta Project">Jakarta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Lenya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Lenya (la pagina non esiste)">Lenya</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Marmotta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Marmotta (la pagina non esiste)">Marmotta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_ODE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache ODE (la pagina non esiste)">ODE</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Shale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Shale (la pagina non esiste)">Shale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Shindig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Shindig (la pagina non esiste)">Shindig</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakarta_Slide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakarta Slide (la pagina non esiste)">Slide</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sqoop" title="Sqoop">Sqoop</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_C%2B%2B_Standard_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache C++ Standard Library (la pagina non esiste)">stdcxx</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Tuscany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Tuscany (la pagina non esiste)">Tuscany</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Wave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Wave (la pagina non esiste)">Wave</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_Wink&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache Wink (la pagina non esiste)">Wink</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=XMLBeans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XMLBeans (la pagina non esiste)">XMLBeans</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Licenze</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Licenza_Apache" title="Licenza Apache">Licenza Apache</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" class="navbox_abovebelow"><i><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Apache_Software_Foundation" title="Categoria:Apache Software Foundation">Categoria</a></i></th></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Database_management_system"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Database_management_system" title="Template:Database management system"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Database_management_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Database management system (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Database_management_system&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Database_management_system" title="Database management system">Sistemi di gestione delle basi di dati</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Relational_database_management_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Relational database management system">Relazionali</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Software_proprietario" title="Software proprietario">proprietari</a></i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/wiki/4th_Dimension" title="4th Dimension">4th Dimension</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/IBM_DB2" title="IBM DB2">DB2</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/DBase" title="DBase">dBase</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/IBM_Informix" title="IBM Informix">IBM Informix</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/InterBase" title="InterBase">InterBase</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MaxDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MaxDB (la pagina non esiste)">MaxDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Database" title="Oracle Database">Oracle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">SQL Server</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/SQL_Anywhere_Studio" title="SQL Anywhere Studio">Sybase SQL Anywhere Studio</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Software_libero" title="Software libero">liberi</a></i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Apache_Derby" title="Apache Derby">Derby</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Drizzle" title="Drizzle">Drizzle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Firebird_SQL" title="Firebird SQL">Firebird SQL</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/HSQLDB" title="HSQLDB">HSQLDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ingres_(database)" title="Ingres (database)">Ingres</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/MariaDB" title="MariaDB">MariaDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Percona_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="Percona Server">Percona Server</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td rowspan="10" class="navbox_image"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_database.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Simbolo database"><img alt="Simbolo database" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Crystal_Clear_app_database.png/64px-Crystal_Clear_app_database.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Crystal_Clear_app_database.png/96px-Crystal_Clear_app_database.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Crystal_Clear_app_database.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption>Simbolo database</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Relational_database_management_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Relational database management system">RDBMS</a> integrante un <a href="/wiki/Rapid_Application_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapid Application Development">RAD</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Access" title="Microsoft Access">Access</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bento_(database)" title="Bento (database)">Bento</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/FileMaker" title="FileMaker">FileMaker</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=HyperFileSQL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HyperFileSQL (la pagina non esiste)">HyperFileSQL</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kexi" title="Kexi">Kexi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Knoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knoda (la pagina non esiste)">Knoda</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/LibreOffice_Base" title="LibreOffice Base">LibreOffice Base</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Neo4j" title="Neo4j">Neo4j</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_OpenOffice_Base" title="Apache OpenOffice Base">OpenOffice Base</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Paradox_(database)" title="Paradox (database)">Paradox</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/SAS_(linguaggio_di_programmazione)" class="mw-redirect" title="SAS (linguaggio di programmazione)">SAS</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/4th_Dimension" title="4th Dimension">4th Dimension</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Embedded (incorporato)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_DB" title="Berkeley DB">Berkeley DB</a> (Relazionale proprietario)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/SQLite" title="SQLite">SQLite</a> (Relazionale libero)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Base_di_dati_ad_oggetti" class="mw-redirect" title="Base di dati ad oggetti">Orientati agli oggetti</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Tabulare</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/wiki/BigTable" title="BigTable">BigTable</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/HBase" title="HBase">Apache HBase</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Archiviazione in tuple</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache River (la pagina non esiste)">Apache River</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Altro</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/wiki/Db4o" title="Db4o">DataBase For Objects</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=FluidDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FluidDB (la pagina non esiste)">FluidDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moneta_(Base_di_dati)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moneta (Base di dati) (la pagina non esiste)">Moneta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Orient_ODBMS" title="Orient ODBMS">OrientDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Versant_Object_Database" title="Versant Object Database">Versant Object Database</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Zope_Object_Database" title="Zope Object Database">ZODB</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Base_di_dati_relazionale_a_oggetti" title="Base di dati relazionale a oggetti">Base di dati relazionale a oggetti</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>software liberi</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/wiki/CUBRID" title="CUBRID">CUBRID</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virtuoso_Universal_Server&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virtuoso Universal Server (la pagina non esiste)">Virtuoso Universal Server</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=WakandaDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WakandaDB (la pagina non esiste)">WakandaDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Zope_Object_Database" title="Zope Object Database">Zope Object Database</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Proprietari</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/IBM_DB2" title="IBM DB2">IBM DB2</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/IBM_Informix" title="IBM Informix">IBM Informix</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenplum_Database&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenplum Database (la pagina non esiste)">Greenplum Database</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">Microsoft SQL Server</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Database" title="Oracle Database">Oracle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Server_Enterprise" title="Adaptive Server Enterprise">SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/NoSQL" title="NoSQL">NoSQL</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Orientato al documento</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Database XML</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ExistDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ExistDB (la pagina non esiste)">ExistDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Database" title="Oracle Database">Oracle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=BaseX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BaseX (la pagina non esiste)">BaseX</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MarkLogic_Server&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MarkLogic Server (la pagina non esiste)">MarkLogic Server</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Altri</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/CouchDB" title="CouchDB">CouchDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/MongoDB" title="MongoDB">MongoDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/RavenDB" title="RavenDB">RavenDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Apache_Solr" title="Apache Solr">Apache Solr</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Orient_ODBMS" title="Orient ODBMS">OrientDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenTSDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenTSDB (la pagina non esiste)">OpenTSDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=KairosDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KairosDB (la pagina non esiste)">KairosDB</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Base_di_dati_a_grafo" title="Base di dati a grafo">Database a grafo</a></i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=AllegroGraph&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AllegroGraph (la pagina non esiste)">AllegroGraph</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Core_Data" title="Core Data">Core Data</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Neo4j" title="Neo4j">Neo4j</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Orient_ODBMS" title="Orient ODBMS">OrientDB</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Chiave/valore archiviato su disco</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/wiki/Redis" title="Redis">Redis</a> (open source)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/BigTable" title="BigTable">BigTable</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=DensoDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DensoDB (la pagina non esiste)">DensoDB</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Chiave/valore cache in RAM</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Redis" title="Redis">Redis</a> (open source)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Memcached" title="Memcached">memcached</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Valore/chiave Eventually‐consistent</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/wiki/Cassandra_(database)" title="Cassandra (database)">Cassandra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amazon-Dynamo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amazon-Dynamo (la pagina non esiste)">Amazon-Dynamo</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Chiave-valore che conserva mediante l'implementazione di Paxos</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keyspace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keyspace (la pagina non esiste)">Keyspace</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Chiave-valore ordinato</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_DB" title="Berkeley DB">Berkeley DB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=NMDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NMDB (la pagina non esiste)">NMDB</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Basi di dati multivalore</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenQM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenQM (la pagina non esiste)">OpenQM</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_U2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rocket U2 (la pagina non esiste)">Rocket U2</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Altro</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amazon_SimpleDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amazon SimpleDB (la pagina non esiste)">SimpleDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=RethinkDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RethinkDB (la pagina non esiste)">RethinkDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/LevelDB" title="LevelDB">LevelDB</a> (No SQL libero)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_di_gestione_di_basi_di_dati_orientato_alle_colonne" title="Sistema di gestione di basi di dati orientato alle colonne">Sistema di gestione di basi di dati<br />orientato alle colonne</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>software liberi</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calpont_InfiniDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calpont InfiniDB (la pagina non esiste)">Calpont InfiniDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Druid_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Druid (software)">Druid</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MonetDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MonetDB (la pagina non esiste)">MonetDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Neo4j" title="Neo4j">Neo4j</a><b> ·</b> RCFile<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apache_HBASE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apache HBASE (la pagina non esiste)">Apache HBASE</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>Proprietari</i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/IBM_DB2" title="IBM DB2">IBM DB2</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Microsoft_SQL_Server_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (la pagina non esiste)">Microsoft SQL Server 2012</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oracle_Exadata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oracle Exadata (la pagina non esiste)">Oracle Exadata</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/SAP_HANA" title="SAP HANA">SAP HANA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sybase_IQ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sybase IQ (la pagina non esiste)">Sybase IQ</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vector_(informatica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vector (informatica) (la pagina non esiste)">Vector</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vertica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vertica (la pagina non esiste)">Vertica</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Base_di_dati_spaziale" title="Base di dati spaziale">Base di dati spaziale</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="text-align:right; width:10.5em;"><i>con specifiche <a href="/wiki/OpenGIS" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenGIS">OpenGIS</a></i></th><td colspan="1" style="text-align:left;;background:#f7f7f7;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=AsterixDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AsterixDB (la pagina non esiste)">AsterixDB</a>(Open source)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/IBM_DB2" title="IBM DB2">IBM DB2</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">Microsoft SQL Server</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MonetDB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MonetDB (la pagina non esiste)">MonetDB</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Neo4j" title="Neo4j">Neo4j</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Spatial" title="Oracle Spatial">Oracle Spatial</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a> con <a href="/wiki/PostGIS" title="PostGIS">PostGIS</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/SAP_HANA" title="SAP HANA">SAP HANA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/SpatiaLite" title="SpatiaLite">SpatiaLite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teradata_Geospatial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teradata Geospatial (la pagina non esiste)">Teradata Geospatial</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vertica_Place&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vertica Place (la pagina non esiste)">Vertica Place</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Base_di_dati_ad_oggetti_in_movimento" title="Base di dati ad oggetti in movimento">Base di dati ad oggetti in movimento</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SECONDO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SECONDO (la pagina non esiste)">SECONDO</a>,<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Firebird_SQL" title="Firebird SQL">Firebird</a> con <a href="/wiki/TerraLib" title="TerraLib">TerraLib</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL </a> con <a href="/wiki/TerraLib" title="TerraLib">TerraLib</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL </a> con <a href="/wiki/TerraLib" title="TerraLib">TerraLib</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">SQLServer</a> con <a href="/wiki/TerraLib" title="TerraLib">TerraLib</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Base_di_dati_multimediale" title="Base di dati multimediale">Base di dati multimediale</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oracle_Image&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oracle Image (la pagina non esiste)">Oracle Image</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oracle_Video&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oracle Video (la pagina non esiste)">Oracle Video</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" class="navbox_abovebelow"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Basi_di_dati" title="Categoria:Basi di dati">Categoria:Basi di dati</a></th></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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