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subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Subsidiaries_and_affiliates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Subsidiary_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidiary_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Subsidiary agencies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsidiary_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Affiliate_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Affiliate_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Affiliate agencies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Affiliate_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Former subsidiaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MTA_Inspector_General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MTA_Inspector_General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 MTA Inspector General </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MTA_Inspector_General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Governance </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governance subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Board_Chair_position" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Board_Chair_position"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Board Chair position </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Board_Chair_position-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_board_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_board_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 List of board members </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_board_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Apps </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fare_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fare_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Fare collection </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fare_collection-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Fare collection subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Fare_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ghost_plates_on_bridges_and_tunnels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ghost_plates_on_bridges_and_tunnels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Ghost plates on bridges and tunnels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ghost_plates_on_bridges_and_tunnels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Issues </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Issues subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Expenses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expenses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Expenses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expenses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Budget_gaps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budget_gaps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Budget gaps </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budget_gaps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reasons_for_high_costs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reasons_for_high_costs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Reasons for high costs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reasons_for_high_costs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advertisement_bans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advertisement_bans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Advertisement bans </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advertisement_bans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017–2021_transit_crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017–2021_transit_crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 2017–2021 transit crisis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017–2021_transit_crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Campaigns </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campaigns-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campaigns subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Safety_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Safety campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Courtesy_campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Courtesy_campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Courtesy campaigns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Courtesy_campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021_onsite_COVID-19_vaccinations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_onsite_COVID-19_vaccinations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 2021 onsite COVID-19 vaccinations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_onsite_COVID-19_vaccinations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" > 20 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoridad_Metropolitana_del_Transporte" title="Autoridad Metropolitana del Transporte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Autoridad Metropolitana del Transporte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%8F%B4%EB%A6%AC%ED%83%84_%ED%8A%B8%EB%9E%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98_%EC%98%A4%EC%86%8C%EB%A6%AC%ED%8B%B0" title="메트로폴리탄 트랜스포테이션 오소리티 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메트로폴리탄 트랜스포테이션 오소리티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otoritas_Transportasi_Metropolitan_(New_York)" title="Otoritas Transportasi Metropolitan (New York) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Otoritas Transportasi Metropolitan (New York)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lembaga_Pengangkutan_Metropolitan" title="Lembaga Pengangkutan Metropolitan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lembaga Pengangkutan Metropolitan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AA%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BD%E3%83%AA%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3" title="メトロポリタン・トランスポーテーション・オーソリティ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メトロポリタン・トランスポーテーション・オーソリティ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_transport_boshqarmasi" title="Metropolitan transport boshqarmasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Metropolitan transport boshqarmasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%BD%E6%9C%83%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8%E7%BD%B2" title="大都會運輸署 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大都會運輸署" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1146109#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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searchaux" style="display:none">Public transportation organization in New York</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in New York. For other similarly named entities, see <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transit_Authority_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Metropolitan Transit Authority (disambiguation)">Metropolitan Transit Authority</a> and <a href="/wiki/MTA_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="MTA (disambiguation)">MTA (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_NYC_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Logo for the Metropolitan Transportation Authority" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/MTA_NYC_logo.svg/60px-MTA_NYC_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/MTA_NYC_logo.svg/90px-MTA_NYC_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/MTA_NYC_logo.svg/120px-MTA_NYC_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="563" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Sample_of_MTA_services_MNRR_NYCT_Bus_LIRR_MTA_Bus_LI_Bus_NYCT_Subway.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) provides local and express bus, subway, and commuter rail service in Greater New York, and operates multiple toll bridges and tunnels in New York City."><img alt="A sampling of MTA services" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Sample_of_MTA_services_MNRR_NYCT_Bus_LIRR_MTA_Bus_LI_Bus_NYCT_Subway.jpg/300px-Sample_of_MTA_services_MNRR_NYCT_Bus_LIRR_MTA_Bus_LI_Bus_NYCT_Subway.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Sample_of_MTA_services_MNRR_NYCT_Bus_LIRR_MTA_Bus_LI_Bus_NYCT_Subway.jpg/450px-Sample_of_MTA_services_MNRR_NYCT_Bus_LIRR_MTA_Bus_LI_Bus_NYCT_Subway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Sample_of_MTA_services_MNRR_NYCT_Bus_LIRR_MTA_Bus_LI_Bus_NYCT_Subway.jpg/600px-Sample_of_MTA_services_MNRR_NYCT_Bus_LIRR_MTA_Bus_LI_Bus_NYCT_Subway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3104" data-file-height="3904" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) provides local and express bus, subway, and commuter rail service in Greater New York, and operates multiple toll bridges and tunnels in New York City.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">State of New York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a> Lower <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Valley" title="Hudson Valley">Hudson Valley</a> <a href="/wiki/Coastal_Connecticut" title="Coastal Connecticut">Coastal Connecticut</a> Lower <a href="/wiki/Housatonic_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Housatonic Valley">Housatonic Valley</a> Lower <a href="/wiki/Naugatuck_River_Valley" title="Naugatuck River Valley">Naugatuck River Valley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Transit type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a>, local and express bus, <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">subway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">bus rapid transit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of lines</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>19 commuter rail routes <ul><li>8 Metro-North routes</li> <li>11 LIRR routes</li></ul></li> <li>26 rapid transit routes <ul><li>25 subway routes</li> <li>1 Staten Island Railway route</li></ul></li> <li>325 bus routes <ul><li>234 local routes</li> <li>71 express routes</li> <li>20 <a href="/wiki/Select_Bus_Service" title="Select Bus Service">Select Bus Service</a> routes</li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Daily ridership</th><td class="infobox-data">8.6 million (2017 weekday average)<a href="#cite_note-mtanetwork-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual ridership</th><td class="infobox-data">2.658 billion (2017)<a href="#cite_note-mtanetwork-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key people</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Janno_Lieber" title="Janno Lieber">Janno Lieber</a>, Chairman & CEO<a href="#cite_note-management-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2_Broadway" title="2 Broadway">2 Broadway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, New York City</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info">new.mta.info</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Operation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Began operation</th><td class="infobox-data">June 1, 1965<a href="#cite_note-mta-act-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">MTA Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">MTA Metro-North Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">MTA New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations">MTA Regional Bus Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">MTA Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of vehicles</th><td class="infobox-data">2,429 commuter rail cars 6,418 <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" class="mw-redirect" title="List of New York City Subway rolling stock">subway cars</a> 61 SIR cars 5,725 <a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations_bus_fleet" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations bus fleet">buses</a><a href="#cite_note-mtanetwork-1">[1]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) is a <a href="/wiki/New_York_state_public_benefit_corporations" class="mw-redirect" title="New York state public benefit corporations">public benefit corporation</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York State</a> responsible for <a href="/wiki/Public_transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Public transportation">public transportation</a> in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York City metropolitan area</a>. The MTA is the largest public transit authority in North America, serving 12 counties in <a href="/wiki/Downstate_New_York" title="Downstate New York">Downstate New York</a>, along with two counties in southwestern <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> under contract to the <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Department_of_Transportation" title="Connecticut Department of Transportation">Connecticut Department of Transportation</a>, carrying over 11 million passengers on an average weekday systemwide, and over 850,000 vehicles on its <a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">seven toll bridges and two tunnels</a> per weekday. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding">edit</a>]</div> In February 1965, New York Governor <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a> suggested that the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Legislature" title="New York State Legislature">New York State Legislature</a> create an authority to purchase, operate, and modernize the <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a> (LIRR). The LIRR, then a subsidiary of the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Railroad" title="Pennsylvania Railroad">Pennsylvania Railroad</a> (PRR), had been operating under bankruptcy protection since 1949. The proposed authority would also have the power to make contracts or arrangements with other <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> operators in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York City area</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> On June 1, 1965, the legislature chartered the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation Authority (MCTA) to take over the operations of the LIRR.<a href="#cite_note-mta-act-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-jacket-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Governor Rockefeller appointed his top aide, <a href="/wiki/William_J._Ronan" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Ronan">William J. Ronan</a>, as chairman and chief executive officer of the MCTA.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> In June 1965, the state finalized an agreement to buy the LIRR from the PRR for $65 million.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The MCTA made a down payment of $10 million for the LIRR in December 1965,<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> and it completed the rest of the payment the next month.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In February 1965, Rockefeller and <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/John_N._Dempsey" title="John N. Dempsey">John N. Dempsey</a> jointly suggested that operations of the <a href="/wiki/New_Haven_Line" title="New Haven Line">New Haven Line</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_Haven_Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="New Haven Railroad">New Haven Railroad</a>'s struggling <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> operation, be transferred to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a> as part of a plan to prevent the New Haven Railroad from going bankrupt. If the operational merger occurred, the proposed MCTA and the existing <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Department_of_Transportation" title="Connecticut Department of Transportation">Connecticut Transportation Authority</a> would contract with New York Central to operate the New Haven Line to <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> A September 1965 joint report from both agencies, recommended that the line be leased to New York Central for 99 years, with the MCTA and CTA acting as agents for both states.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> In October 1965, the MCTA found that the New Haven Line's stations and infrastructure were even more decrepit than those of the LIRR.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> The New Haven Railroad's trustees initially opposed New York Central's takeover of the New Haven Line, as they felt that the $140 million offer for the New Haven Line was too low.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> After some discussion, the trustees decided to continue operating the New Haven Line until June 1967.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In January 1966, New York City Mayor <a href="/wiki/John_Lindsay" title="John Lindsay">John Lindsay</a> proposed merging the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a> (NYCTA), which operated buses and subways in New York City, and the <a href="/wiki/Triborough_Bridge_and_Tunnel_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority">Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority</a> (TBTA), which operated toll bridges and tunnels within the city.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Rockefeller offered his "complete support" for Lindsay's proposed unified transit agency,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> while longtime city planner and TBTA chair <a href="/wiki/Robert_Moses" title="Robert Moses">Robert Moses</a> called the proposed merger "absurd" and "grotesque" for its unwieldiness.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> In June 1966, Rockefeller announced his plans to expand the MCTA's scope to create a new regional transit authority. The new authority would encompass the existing MCTA, as well as the NYCTA and TBTA.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Lindsay disagreed, saying that the state and city should have operationally separate transit authorities that worked in tandem.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> In May 1967, Rockefeller signed a bill that allowed the MCTA to oversee the mass transit policies of New York City-area transit systems. The unification agreement took place the following March, with the MCTA taking over the operations of the LIRR, NYCTA, TBTA, New Haven commuter services, New York Central commuter services, and the <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Initially, the TBTA was resistant to the MCTA's efforts to acquire it.<a href="#cite_note-:1-22">[22]</a> Moses was afraid that the enlarged MCTA would "undermine, destroy or tarnish" the integrity of the TBTA,<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> One source of contention was Rockefeller's proposal to use TBTA tolls in order to subsidize the cheap fares of the NYCTA, since Moses strongly opposed any use of TBTA tolls by outside agencies.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> In February 1968, Moses acquiesced to the MCTA's merger proposal.<a href="#cite_note-:1-22">[22]</a> New York Central and the PRR merged in February 1968, forming the <a href="/wiki/Penn_Central_Transportation_Company" title="Penn Central Transportation Company">Penn Central Transportation Company</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In February 1968, the MCTA published a 56-page report for Governor Rockefeller, proposing several subway and railroad improvements under the name "<a href="/wiki/Program_for_Action" title="Program for Action">Metropolitan Transportation, a Program for Action</a>"<a href="#cite_note-int-arch-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt19680229-Bennett-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt19680229-Witkin-29">[29]</a> alternatively called the "Grand Design".<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> The city had already intended to build subway extensions in all four boroughs, so that most riders would need at most one transfer to get to their destination.<a href="#cite_note-nyt19680102-31">[31]</a> The Program for Action also called for upgrades to the Penn Central railroads and area airports.<a href="#cite_note-int-arch-26">[26]</a> The Program for Action was put forward simultaneously with other development and transportation plans under the administration of Mayor Lindsay. This included Lindsay's Linear City plan for housing and educational facilities, and the projected construction of several <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highways</a>, many of which had originally been proposed by Robert Moses.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-ProgramforAction2-Aug1969-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-QnsInterboroExy-1971-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expanded_purview">Expanded purview</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Expanded purview">edit</a>]</div> On March 1, 1968, the day after the release of the Program for Action, the MCTA dropped the word "Commuter" from its name and became the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA).<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> The MTA took over the operations of the other New York City-area transit systems.<a href="#cite_note-QnsGazette-QnsPubTrans-51stBDay-2015-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-36">[36]</a> Moses was let go from his job as chairman of the TBTA, although he was retained as a consultant.<a href="#cite_note-:0-36">[36]</a> The construction of two proposed bridges over the Long Island Sound was put under the jurisdiction of the MTA.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Moses stated that TBTA construction projects would reduce the MTA's budget surplus through to 1970.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Chairman Ronan pushed for the MTA to pursue the Program for Action, saying, "We're making up for 30 years of do-nothingism".<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Ronan proposed that the MTA take over the Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway Company from the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_and_Ohio_Railroad" title="Baltimore and Ohio Railroad">Baltimore and Ohio Railroad</a> and start a $25 million modernization project on the railway.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The city's Board of Estimate approved this purchase in December 1969.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> The MTA took ownership of the Staten Island Rapid Transit in January 1971.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The agency entered into a long-term lease of <a href="/wiki/Penn_Central_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Penn Central Transportation">Penn Central</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Line_(Metro-North)" title="Hudson Line (Metro-North)">Hudson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harlem_Line" title="Harlem Line">Harlem</a>, and New Haven Lines.<a href="#cite_note-QnsGazette-QnsPubTrans-51stBDay-2015-35">[35]</a> Before 1968, the Hudson and Harlem Lines had been operated by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a>, while the New Haven Line had been part of the <a href="/wiki/New_York,_New_Haven_and_Hartford_Railroad" title="New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad">New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad</a>. Penn Central continued to operate the lines under contract to the MTA. In April 1970, Rockefeller proposed that the state take over the Hudson and Harlem Lines.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The next month, he signed a bond issue that provided $44.4 million in funding to these lines.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Penn Central's operations were folded into <a href="/wiki/Conrail" title="Conrail">Conrail</a> in 1976. The MTA took over full operations in 1983, and merged the lines into the <a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Commuter Railroad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-QnsGazette-QnsPubTrans-51stBDay-2015-35">[35]</a> In 1994, the MTA rebranded its five subsidiaries with simpler names to convey that the different agencies were part of one agency.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Responsibilities_and_service_area">Responsibilities and service area</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Responsibilities and service area">edit</a>]</div> The MTA has the responsibility for developing and implementing a unified mass transportation policy for the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metropolitan area</a>, including all five <a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_New_York_City" title="Boroughs of New York City">boroughs of New York City</a> and the suburban counties of <a href="/wiki/Dutchess_County,_New_York" title="Dutchess County, New York">Dutchess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nassau_County,_New_York" title="Nassau County, New York">Nassau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_New_York" title="Orange County, New York">Orange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Putnam_County,_New_York" title="Putnam County, New York">Putnam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockland_County,_New_York" title="Rockland County, New York">Rockland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_New_York" title="Suffolk County, New York">Suffolk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Westchester_County,_New_York" title="Westchester County, New York">Westchester</a>. This twelve-county area make up the "Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District" (MCTD), within which the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Taxation_and_Finance" title="New York State Department of Taxation and Finance">New York State Department of Taxation and Finance</a> levies a <a href="/wiki/Commuter_tax" title="Commuter tax">"metropolitan commuter transportation mobility tax"</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> On April 1, 2019, Patrick J. Foye was appointed chairman and CEO.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The MTA's immediate past chairpersons were <a href="/wiki/William_J._Ronan" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Ronan">William J. Ronan</a> (1965–1974), <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Yunich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Yunich (page does not exist)">David Yunich</a> (1974–1975), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harold_L._Fisher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harold L. Fisher (page does not exist)">Harold L. Fisher</a> (1975–1979), <a href="/wiki/Richard_Ravitch" title="Richard Ravitch">Richard Ravitch</a> (1979–1983), <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kiley" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Kiley">Robert Kiley</a> (1983–1991), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stangl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Stangl (page does not exist)">Peter Stangl</a> (1991–1995), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virgil_Conway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virgil Conway (page does not exist)">Virgil Conway</a> (1995–2001), <a href="/wiki/Peter_S._Kalikow" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter S. Kalikow">Peter S. Kalikow</a> (2001–2007), <a href="/w/index.php?title=H._Dale_Hemmerdinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H. Dale Hemmerdinger (page does not exist)">H. Dale Hemmerdinger</a> (2007–2009), <a href="/wiki/Jay_Walder" title="Jay Walder">Jay Walder</a> (2009–2011), <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lhota" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lhota">Joseph Lhota</a> (2012), Thomas F. Prendergast (2013–2017), and Joseph Lhota (2017–2018).<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Lhota was re-appointed in 2017<a href="#cite_note-mta-management-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> and resigned on November 9, 2018.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> The MTA considers itself to be the largest regional public transportation provider in the Western Hemisphere. As of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit">[update]</a>, its agencies serve a region of approximately 15.3 million people spread over 5,000 square miles (13,000 km2) in 12 counties in New York and two in Connecticut. MTA agencies now move about 8.6 million customers per day (translating to 2.65 billion rail and bus customers a year) and employ about 74,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> The MTA's systems carry over 11 million passengers on an average weekday systemwide, and over 850,000 vehicles on its <a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">seven toll bridges and two tunnels</a> per weekday.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subsidiaries_and_affiliates">Subsidiaries and affiliates</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Subsidiaries and affiliates">edit</a>]</div> MTA carries out these planning and other responsibilities both directly and through its subsidiaries and affiliates, and provides oversight to these subordinate agencies, known collectively as "The Related Entities".<a href="#cite_note-mta_related_entities-55">[55]</a> The Related Entities represent a number of previously existing agencies which have come under the MTA umbrella. These previously existing agencies were, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">MTA Bridges and Tunnels</a>, <a href="/wiki/MTA_Construction_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="MTA Construction and Development">MTA Construction and Development</a> & <a href="/wiki/MTA_Grand_Central_Madison_Concourse" class="mw-redirect" title="MTA Grand Central Madison Concourse">MTA Grand Central Madison Concourse</a>, successors to the property of private companies that provided substantially the same services. In 1994, the MTA spent $3 million rebranding its five subsidiaries with simpler names to convey that the different agencies were part of one agency. Surveys found that a majority of riders did not know that the MTA owned the Long Island Rail Road or the Metro-North Railroad. As part of the changes, the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority was renamed MTA Bridges and Tunnels; Staten Island Rapid Transit was renamed MTA Staten Island Railway; Metropolitan Suburban Bus Authority was renamed MTA Long Island Bus. The New York City Transit Authority was renamed MTA New York City Transit to seem less authoritarian, Metro–North Commuter Railroad was renamed MTA Metro-North Railroad to recognize the increase in non-commuter ridership.<a href="#cite_note-nyt_19940828-56">[56]</a> The MTA logo was changed from a two-toned "M" logo, to a blue circle with the MTA initials written in perspective, as if they were rushing by like a train. The large "M" logos on trains and buses were replaced with decals that state MTA New York City Bus, MTA New York City Subway or MTA Staten Island Railway, eliminating inconsistencies in signage.<a href="#cite_note-nyt_19940828-56">[56]</a> Today, the older "M" logos survive on existing cube-shaped lamps on station lampposts dating to the 1980s, though such lamps have been updated with more modern spherical lamps over time. Today, each of these Related Entities has a popular name and in some cases, a former legal name.<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a> Since 1994, the legal name has only been used for legal documents, such as contracts, and have not been used publicly.<a href="#cite_note-nyt_19940828-56">[56]</a> Since the mid-2000s, the popular name has also been used for legal documents related to contract procurements where the legal name was used heretofore. Both are listed below. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsidiary_agencies">Subsidiary agencies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Subsidiary agencies">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">MTA Long Island Rail Road</a> (LIRR) (legal name, no longer used publicly: The Long Island Rail Road Company)<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">MTA Metro-North Railroad</a> (MNR) (legal name, no longer used publicly: Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company)<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Madison" title="Grand Central Madison">MTA Grand Central Madison Concourse</a> (GCMC) (legal name, not used publicly: MTA Grand Central Madison Concourse Operating Company)<a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">MTA Staten Island Railway</a> (SIR) (legal name, no longer used publicly: Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority)<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Construction_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="MTA Construction and Development">MTA Construction and Development</a> (MTAC&D) (legal name, not used publicly: MTA Construction and Development Company)<a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations">MTA Regional Bus Operations</a> (legal name, not used publicly; but rather trading as): <ul><li>MTA Bus (legal name, sometimes used publicly: MTA Bus Company)<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a></li> <li>MTA New York City Bus<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a></li></ul></li> <li>First Mutual Transportation Assurance Company (legal name, not used publicly; no public name)<a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Affiliate_agencies">Affiliate agencies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Affiliate agencies">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">MTA Bridges and Tunnels</a> (MTA B&T) (legal name, no longer used publicly: Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority)<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-subsidiary-2021-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">MTA New York City Transit</a> (NYCT) (legal name, no longer used publicly: New York City Transit Authority and its subsidiary, the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority (MaBSTOA)) The Bus division is now managed under Regional Bus.<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_subsidiaries">Former subsidiaries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Former subsidiaries">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>MTA Long Island Bus (legal name, no longer used: Metropolitan Suburban Bus Authority)<a href="#cite_note-board-structure-57">[57]</a> From January 1, 2012, this division was operated by <a href="/wiki/Veolia_Transport" title="Veolia Transport">Veolia Transport</a> (now Transdev, Inc.) as <a href="/wiki/Nassau_Inter-County_Express" title="Nassau Inter-County Express">Nassau Inter-County Express</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="MTA_Inspector_General">MTA Inspector General</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: MTA Inspector General">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_MTA_Inspector_General" title="Office of the MTA Inspector General">Office of the MTA Inspector General</a> (OIG), founded in 1983, is the independent <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Inspector_General_(United_States)" title="Office of Inspector General (United States)">Office of Inspector General</a> specific to the MTA that is responsible for conducting monitoring and oversight of MTA activities, programs, and employees.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2_Broadway_(65167323).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/2_Broadway_%2865167323%29.jpeg/220px-2_Broadway_%2865167323%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/2_Broadway_%2865167323%29.jpeg/330px-2_Broadway_%2865167323%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/2_Broadway_%2865167323%29.jpeg/440px-2_Broadway_%2865167323%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="693" /></a><figcaption>MTA headquarters, <a href="/wiki/2_Broadway" title="2 Broadway">2 Broadway</a></figcaption></figure> The MTA is governed by a 21-member board representing the 5 boroughs of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, each of the counties in its New York State service area, and worker and rider interest groups.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Of these, there are 14 voting members, broken down into 13 board members who cast individual votes, 4 board members who cast a single collective vote, and 6 group representatives who do not vote.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-Board-62">[62]</a> Five members as well as the chairman/CEO are directly nominated by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a>, while four are recommended by <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_New_York_City" title="Mayor of New York City">New York City's mayor</a>. The county executives of Nassau, Suffolk and Westchester counties nominate one member each. Each of these members has one vote.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-Board-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MTA-Board-Confirmed-2016-63">[63]</a> The county executives of <a href="/wiki/Dutchess_County,_New_York" title="Dutchess County, New York">Dutchess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_New_York" title="Orange County, New York">Orange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockland_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockland County">Rockland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Putnam_County,_New_York" title="Putnam County, New York">Putnam</a> counties also nominate one member each,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MTA-Board-Confirmed-2016-63">[63]</a> but these members cast one collective vote.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-Board-62">[62]</a> The Board has six rotating nonvoting seats held by representatives of MTA employee organized labor and the Permanent Citizens Advisory Committee, which represent customers of MTA transit and commuter facilities.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MTA-Board-Confirmed-2016-63">[63]</a> Board members are confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Senate" title="New York State Senate">New York State Senate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MTA-Board-Confirmed-2016-63">[63]</a> In 2017, the MTA had operating expenses of $16.85 billion, an outstanding debt of $38.083 billion, and a level of staffing of 79,832 people (staff compensation totaled $6.762 billion).<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> It collects revenue from passenger fees and from a Metropolitan Commuter Transportation Mobility Tax, a payroll tax levied on employers in the 12-county area served by the MTA.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Board_Chair_position">Board Chair position</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Board Chair position">edit</a>]</div> Historically, some but not all chairmen of the MTA Board have also held the chief executive officer role, with the chairman providing an advisory and policy role and the Executive Director running day-to-day operations.<a href="#cite_note-split-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-almost-67">[67]</a> The roles were combined in 2009 following the recommendation a commission to study capital spending.<a href="#cite_note-sander-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-williams-69">[69]</a> The commission was appointed by then-Governor <a href="/wiki/David_Paterson" title="David Paterson">David Paterson</a> and run by former chairman <a href="/wiki/Richard_Ravitch" title="Richard Ravitch">Richard Ravitch</a><a href="#cite_note-split-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-dozen-70">[70]</a> However, following Thomas Prendergast's retirement in 2017, they were split back again.<a href="#cite_note-split-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-72">[72]</a> The positions were merged back into one position in 2019 when <a href="/wiki/Pat_Foye" title="Pat Foye">Pat Foye</a> was appointed Chairman & Chief Executive Officer. The current chairman, Janno Lieber, holds both positions. The following is a list of chairmen of the authority: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Also CEO? </th> <th>Tenure<a href="#cite_note-mta-timeline-73">[73]</a> </th> <th>Appointed by </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Ronan" title="William Ronan">William Ronan</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>March 1, 1968 – April 26, 1974 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>David L. Yunich </td> <td> </td> <td>May 2, 1974 – January 21, 1977 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Wilson_(governor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Malcolm Wilson (governor)">Malcolm Wilson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>Harold L. Fisher </td> <td> </td> <td>January 22, 1977 – November 16, 1979 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Carey" title="Hugh Carey">Hugh Carey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ravitch" title="Richard Ravitch">Richard Ravitch</a> </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-shaw-74">[74]</a> </td> <td>November 17, 1979 – October 31, 1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kiley" title="Bob Kiley">Bob Kiley</a> </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-shaw-74">[74]</a> </td> <td>November 16, 1983 – January 2, 1991 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Cuomo" title="Mario Cuomo">Mario Cuomo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>Peter E. Stangl </td> <td>Yes<a href="#cite_note-shaw-74">[74]</a> </td> <td>April 21, 1991 – May 17, 1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/E._Virgil_Conway" title="E. Virgil Conway">E. Virgil Conway</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>May 18, 1995 – March 9, 2001 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/George_Pataki" title="George Pataki">George Pataki</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kalikow" title="Peter Kalikow">Peter Kalikow</a> </td> <td>No </td> <td>March 13, 2001 – October 22, 2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td>H. Dale Hemmerdinger </td> <td>No<a href="#cite_note-almost-67">[67]</a> </td> <td>October 23, 2007 – September 10, 2009 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eliot_Spitzer" title="Eliot Spitzer">Eliot Spitzer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jay_Walder" title="Jay Walder">Jay Walder</a> </td> <td>Yes </td> <td>October 5, 2009 – October 21, 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Paterson" title="David Paterson">David Paterson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lhota" title="Joe Lhota">Joe Lhota</a> </td> <td>Yes </td> <td>January 9, 2012 – December 31, 2012 </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td>Thomas F. Prendergast </td> <td>Yes </td> <td>June 20, 2013 – January 31, 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lhota" title="Joe Lhota">Joe Lhota</a> </td> <td>Noa </td> <td>June 21, 2017 – November 8, 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pat_Foye" title="Pat Foye">Pat Foye</a> </td> <td>Yes </td> <td>April 1, 2019 – July 29, 2021<a href="#cite_note-management-2">[2]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Janno_Lieber" title="Janno Lieber">Janno Lieber</a>b </td> <td>Yes </td> <td>January 20, 2022 – present </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Kathy Hochul</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> a Lhota did not serve as CEO in his second stint as chairman, as CEO responsibilities were carried out by Executive Director Ronnie Hakim.<a href="#cite_note-lhota2-75">[75]</a> b Lieber served as Chair and CEO in an acting capacity from July 30, 2021 to January 19, 2022.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_board_members">List of board members</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: List of board members">edit</a>]</div> The following is a list of members of the MTA Board. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name<a href="#cite_note-MTA-Board-62">[62]</a> </th> <th>Appointed </th> <th>Recommended by<a href="#cite_note-MTA-Board-62">[62]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Janno_Lieber" title="Janno Lieber">Janno Lieber</a>, Chair </td> <td>January 20, 2022<a href="#cite_note-lieber-77">[77]</a> </td> <td>Governor (<a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Kathy Hochul</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jamey Barbas </td> <td>June 10, 2020<a href="#cite_note-reinvent-78">[78]</a> </td> <td>Governor (<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Haeda B. Mihaltses </td> <td>April 10, 2019<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> </td> <td>Governor (<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lisa Sorin </td> <td>June 3, 2022<a href="#cite_note-confirmed-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-welcome-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>Governor (<a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Kathy Hochul</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Samuel Chu </td> <td>March 20th, 2024 <a href="#cite_note-auto2-82">[82]</a> </td> <td>Governor (<a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Kathy Hochul</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>John Joss Rizzo </td> <td>June 9th, 2023 <a href="#cite_note-auto2-82">[82]</a> </td> <td>Governor (<a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Kathy Hochul</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>David R. Jones </td> <td>June 17, 2016<a href="#cite_note-jones-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MTA-Board-Confirmed-2016-63">[63]</a> </td> <td>Mayor (<a href="/wiki/Bill_de_Blasio" title="Bill de Blasio">Bill de Blasio</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meera_Joshi" title="Meera Joshi">Meera Joshi</a> </td> <td>March 22, 2024<a href="#cite_note-:4-84">[84]</a> </td> <td>Mayor (<a href="/wiki/Eric_Adams" title="Eric Adams">Eric Adams</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Garodnick" title="Daniel Garodnick">Dan Garodnick</a> </td> <td>March 22, 2024<a href="#cite_note-:4-84">[84]</a> </td> <td>Mayor (<a href="/wiki/Eric_Adams" title="Eric Adams">Eric Adams</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Midori Valdivia </td> <td>June 3, 2022<a href="#cite_note-confirmed-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-welcome-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>Mayor (<a href="/wiki/Eric_Adams" title="Eric Adams">Eric Adams</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_S._Mack" title="David S. Mack">David S. Mack</a> </td> <td>2019<a href="#cite_note-confirmed-80">[80]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nassau_County_Executive" class="mw-redirect" title="Nassau County Executive">Nassau County Executive</a> (<a href="/wiki/Laura_Curran" title="Laura Curran">Laura Curran</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Samuel Chu </td> <td>June 3, 2022<a href="#cite_note-confirmed-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-welcome-81">[81]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County_Executive" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffolk County Executive">Suffolk County Executive</a> (<a href="/wiki/Steve_Bellone" title="Steve Bellone">Steve Bellone</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Blanca P. López </td> <td>June 3, 2022<a href="#cite_note-confirmed-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-welcome-81">[81]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Westchester_County_Executive" title="Westchester County Executive">Westchester County Executive</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_Latimer_(New_York_politician)" title="George Latimer (New York politician)">George Latimer</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Michael Fleischer </td> <td>June 10, 2020<a href="#cite_note-reinvent-78">[78]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutchess_County,_New_York" title="Dutchess County, New York">Dutchess County Executive</a> (<a href="/wiki/Marc_Molinaro" title="Marc Molinaro">Marc Molinaro</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Harold Porr<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> </td> <td>June 2021<a href="#cite_note-confirmed-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-welcome-81">[81]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_New_York" title="Orange County, New York">Orange County Executive</a> (<a href="/wiki/Steve_Neuhaus" title="Steve Neuhaus">Steve Neuhaus</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Frank Borelli </td> <td>June 10, 2020<a href="#cite_note-reinvent-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-confirmed-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-welcome-81">[81]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rockland_County,_New_York" title="Rockland County, New York">Rockland County Executive</a> (Ed Day) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Neal Zuckerman </td> <td>July 9, 2016<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Putnam_County,_New_York" title="Putnam County, New York">Putnam County Executive</a> (MaryEllen Odell) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Andrew Albert </td> <td>June 2002<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> </td> <td>New York City Transit Riders Council </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gerard Bringmann </td> <td> </td> <td>LIRR Commuters Council </td></tr> <tr> <td>Randolph Glucksman </td> <td> </td> <td>Metro-North Commuter Council </td></tr> <tr> <td>John Samuelsen </td> <td>June 17, 2016<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MTA-Board-Confirmed-2016-63">[63]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Transport_Workers_Union_of_America" title="Transport Workers Union of America">Transport Workers Union Local 100</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vincent Tessitore, Jr. </td> <td>June 30, 2007<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Sheet_Metal,_Air,_Rail_and_Transportation_Workers" title="International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail and Transportation Workers">SMART Union</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Apps">Apps</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Apps">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bus_Time_Manhattan_Launch_(10142555034).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="MTA Bus Time app" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bus_Time_Manhattan_Launch_%2810142555034%29.jpg/220px-Bus_Time_Manhattan_Launch_%2810142555034%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bus_Time_Manhattan_Launch_%2810142555034%29.jpg/330px-Bus_Time_Manhattan_Launch_%2810142555034%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bus_Time_Manhattan_Launch_%2810142555034%29.jpg/440px-Bus_Time_Manhattan_Launch_%2810142555034%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="1059" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/MTA_Bus_Time" title="MTA Bus Time">MTA Bus Time</a> app on an iPhone.</figcaption></figure> The MTA has developed several official <a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">web</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile apps</a> for its subway and bus services,<a href="#cite_note-:2-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gothamist-Bus-Tracker-2015-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-Weekender-iPhone-App-2012-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-Weekender-Android-App-2012-92">[92]</a> and also provides data to private app developers to create their own unofficial MTA apps.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> In 2012, the MTA officially released the Subway Time app, which uses <a href="/wiki/Technology_of_the_New_York_City_Subway#Train_arrival_countdown_clocks" title="Technology of the New York City Subway">subway countdown clock data</a> to determine the next-train arrival times on seven services.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Real-time station information for the "mainline" <a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division (numbered routes)</a>, comprising all numbered services except the <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> train, was made available to third-party developers via an <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">API</a>. This was achieved through both the Subway Time mobile app and as <a href="/wiki/Open_data" title="Open data">open data</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> In early 2014, data for the <a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">L</a> train were also given to developers.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> When <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>-enabled countdown clocks were installed in the <a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division (lettered services)</a> in 2016 and 2017, they were also configured to feed data to the Subway Time app as well as in an open-data format.<a href="#cite_note-:2-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wolfe_2017-97">[97]</a> MTA's <a href="/wiki/MTA_Bus_Time" title="MTA Bus Time">Bus Time</a> app originated as a <a href="/wiki/Pilot_experiment" title="Pilot experiment">pilot program</a> to install bus countdown clocks along the <a href="/wiki/M16_(New_York_City_bus)" class="mw-redirect" title="M16 (New York City bus)">M16</a> and <a href="/wiki/M34_(New_York_City_bus)" class="mw-redirect" title="M34 (New York City bus)">M34</a> routes in August 2009.<a href="#cite_note-NYPost-M34Clocks-2009-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTImes-M34Clocks-2009-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-34StBusTime-Jan2013-100">[100]</a> At the same time, many new buses were retrofitted with <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a>-enabled <a href="/wiki/Automatic_vehicle_location" title="Automatic vehicle location">automatic vehicle location</a> systems.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-34StBusTime-Jan2013-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTABus-Committee-Q102-Jan2010-101">[101]</a> In October 2010, the developers of the buses' GPS devices implemented the MTA system's first bus-tracking app, which monitored buses along the M16 and M34 routes.<a href="#cite_note-NYCTA-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTABusTime-M34SBS-2012-104">[104]</a> This evolved into the current web app, which originally tracked buses along the <a href="/wiki/B63_(New_York_City_bus)" title="B63 (New York City bus)">B63</a> route in Brooklyn when it started in February 2011.<a href="#cite_note-MTABusTime-IntroducingMTA_BusTime-YouTube-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-SILive-MTABusTimeSI-2012-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTABusTime-B63Release-Feb2011-107">[107]</a> By January 2012, every local and express bus in <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a> was equipped with the system.<a href="#cite_note-SILive-NewBusStops-Dec2014-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTABusTime-IntroducingMTA_BusTime-YouTube-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-SILive-MTABusTimeSI-2012-106">[106]</a> The M34 corridor began using the system on April 6, 2012<a href="#cite_note-MTABusTime-M34SBS-2012-104">[104]</a> with nearly every Bronx bus route using the system by the end of 2012.<a href="#cite_note-APTA-BusTime-2013-109">[109]</a> All five boroughs of the city used the system by March 2014, and a mobile app was released in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-MTABusTime-BklynQns-Feb2014-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gothamist-Bus-Tracker-2015-90">[90]</a> In 2011, the MTA began to look at ways of displaying service disruptions due to weekend engineering works in a visual format. On September 16, 2011, the MTA introduced a <a href="/wiki/Massimo_Vignelli" title="Massimo Vignelli">Vignelli</a>-style interactive <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_map" title="New York City Subway map">subway map</a>, "The Weekender",<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> to its website.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> The web app provided a way for riders to get information about any planned work, from late Friday night to early Monday morning, that is going on either on a service(s) or station(s) of the subway during the weekends.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> On June 11, 2012, the MTA duplicated "The Weekender" site as a free mobile app download for <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-Weekender-iPhone-App-2012-91">[91]</a> On November 29, 2012, an <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> version of the app was released.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-Weekender-Android-App-2012-92">[92]</a> The MTA announced plans to integrate all three apps in 2017. The combined app, which was scheduled for release in 2018, would include real-time arrival information for all subway and bus routes, as well as weekend service changes and travel planners.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> In April 2018, the MTA started testing <a href="/wiki/MYmta" title="MYmta">MYmta</a>, which provides arrival information for MTA railroad, subway, and bus routes; escalator and elevator outage information; and real-time service changes. The app also includes an improved version of the MTA's Trip Planner; whereas the existing Trip Planner can only plan trips along MTA-operated modes of transportation, MYmta's Trip Planner can also suggest routes via other operators such as the <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Ferry" title="Staten Island Ferry">Staten Island Ferry</a>, <a href="/wiki/NYC_Ferry" title="NYC Ferry">NYC Ferry</a>, <a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a>, and <a href="/wiki/NJ_Transit_Rail_Operations" title="NJ Transit Rail Operations">NJ Transit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Beta_version" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta version">beta version</a> of MYmta was released to the general public in July of that year.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> In future versions of the MYmta app, the MTA planned to integrate the eTix functionality, as well as make it easier for <a href="/wiki/Access-A-Ride" class="mw-redirect" title="Access-A-Ride">Access-A-Ride</a> customers to view when their vehicle will arrive at a certain point.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> In October 2020, the MTA unveiled a new digital map providing real-time arrival estimates and service updates. It was developed <a href="/wiki/Pro_bono" title="Pro bono">pro bono</a> by technology and design company <a href="/wiki/Work_%26_Co" title="Work & Co">Work & Co</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fare_collection">Fare collection</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Fare collection">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_transit_fares" title="New York City transit fares">New York City transit fares</a></div> The subway, buses, and Staten Island Railway charge a single flat fare for each trip, regardless of time or distance traveled. From the MTA's inception until 2003, the agency collected subway and bus fares via a series of small metal tokens. The MTA cycled through several series of tokens throughout the late 20th century.<a href="#cite_note-NYDN-Tokens-20032-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-GGazette-Tokens-20032-124">[124]</a> In 1993, MTA started testing the <a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_stripe_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetic stripe card">magnetic stripe card</a> that would replace the tokens used to pay fares.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> By 1997, the entire bus and subway system accepted MetroCard,<a href="#cite_note-:0a-126">[126]</a> and tokens were no longer accepted for fare payment in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-NYDN-Tokens-20032-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-GGazette-Tokens-20032-124">[124]</a> A different fare payment system is used on the LIRR and Metro-North. Both railroads sell tickets based on geographical "zones" and time of day, charging peak and off-peak fares. Tickets may be bought from a ticket office at stations, <a href="/wiki/Ticket_vending_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Ticket vending machines">ticket vending machines</a> (TVMs), online through the "WebTicket" program, or through apps for <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> devices.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bowling_Green_IRT_td_(2019-06-09)_08_-_OMNY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bowling_Green_IRT_td_%282019-06-09%29_08_-_OMNY.jpg/220px-Bowling_Green_IRT_td_%282019-06-09%29_08_-_OMNY.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bowling_Green_IRT_td_%282019-06-09%29_08_-_OMNY.jpg/330px-Bowling_Green_IRT_td_%282019-06-09%29_08_-_OMNY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Bowling_Green_IRT_td_%282019-06-09%29_08_-_OMNY.jpg/440px-Bowling_Green_IRT_td_%282019-06-09%29_08_-_OMNY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>OMNY Payment System for Subway Trains</figcaption></figure> In 2017 it was announced that the MetroCard would be phased out and replaced by <a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Contactless_payment" title="Contactless payment">contactless fare payment</a> system, with fare payment being made using <a href="/wiki/Apple_Pay" title="Apple Pay">Apple Pay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google_Wallet" title="Google Wallet">Google Wallet</a>, debit/credit cards with <a href="/wiki/Near-field_communication" title="Near-field communication">near-field communication</a> enabled, or radio-frequency identification cards.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2a-129">[129]</a> As of December 31, 2020, the entire bus and subway system is OMNY-enabled. However, support of the MetroCard is slated to remain until at least 2025.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> MTA also plans to use OMNY in the LIRR and Metro-North.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ghost_plates_on_bridges_and_tunnels">Ghost plates on bridges and tunnels</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Ghost plates on bridges and tunnels">edit</a>]</div> The MTA has reported a 12.6 percent increase in toll evasion on New York City bridges and tunnels during the first four months of 2024. This equates to an average of 398,975 missed monthly toll transactions, primarily due to drivers obscuring their <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">license plate</a>. The MTA estimates that this evasion costs the agency approximately $50 million annually. Of the unbillable toll transactions, roughly 80,000 per month are attributed to fake or unreadable license plates, while 155,000 are due to obstructed plates. Unregistered or temporary plates primarily cause the remaining balance.<a href="#cite_note-f898-132">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Issues">Issues</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Issues">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expenses">Expenses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Expenses">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Budget_gaps">Budget gaps</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Budget gaps">edit</a>]</div> The budget deficit of the MTA is a growing crisis for the organization as well as for New York City and State residents and governments. The MTA held $31 billion in debt in 2010 and it also suffered from a $900 million gap in its operating budget for 2011.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> The capital budget, which covers repairs, technological upgrades, new trains, and expansions, is currently $15 billion short of what the MTA states it needs. If this is not funded, the MTA will fund the repairs with debt and raise fares to cover repayments. The MTA has consistently run on a deficit, but increased spending in 2000–04 coupled with the economic downturn led to a severe increase in the financial burden that the MTA bore. The budget problems stem from multiple sources. The MTA cannot be supported solely by rider fares and road tolls. In the preliminary 2011 budget, MTA forecasted operating revenue totaled at $6.5 billion, amount to only 50% of the $13 billion operating expenses.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> Therefore, the MTA must rely on other sources of funding to remain operational. Revenue collected from <a href="/wiki/Real_estate_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate tax">real estate taxes</a> for transportation purposes helped to contain the deficit. However, due to the weak economy and unstable <a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">real estate</a> market, money from these taxes severely decreased; in 2010, tax revenue fell at least 20% short of the projected value.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> Beyond this, steadily reducing support from city and state governments led to borrowing money by issuing bonds, which contributed heavily to the debt.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> This budget deficit has resulted in various problems, mainly concentrated in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> fares have been increased four times since 2008, with the most recent occurring August 20, 2023, raising single-ride fares from $2.75 to $2.90, express service from $6.75 to $7.00 and the monthly <a href="/wiki/MetroCard_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="MetroCard (New York City)">MetroCard</a> fare from $116 to $132.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-Simko-Bednarski_2023_f303-138">[138]</a> Each fare raise was met with increasing resistance by MTA customers, and many are beginning to find the fare increases prohibitive. 2010 also saw heavy service cuts for many MTA subsidiaries.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> Fewer trains spaced farther between resulted in heavy overcrowding beyond normal rush hours, leading to frustration for many subway and bus riders.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> In 2013, the subway had the highest ridership since 1947.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> MTA employees also suffered due to the budget issues. By mid-July 2010, MTA layoffs had reached over 1,000, and many of those affected were low-level employees who made less than $55,000 annually.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> As of 2015<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit">[update]</a>, the MTA was running a $15 billion deficit in its $32 billion 2015–2019 Capital Plan.<a href="#cite_note-dnainfo_20150430-145">[145]</a> Without extra funding, many necessary construction and renovation projects would not be performed.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> In October 2015, the MTA passed the $29 billion 2015–2019 Capital Plan,<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> the largest capital plan in MTA's history; it will be funded by federal, state and city government as well as riders' fares and tolls.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Three months later, New York Governor <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a> and MTA chairman Thomas Prendergast unveiled their plan to spend $26 billion to modernize the subway network, which includes adding Wi-Fi and cellphone services throughout all 278 underground stations by the end of 2016. Other plans call for <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Station_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Enhanced Station Initiative">making extensive renovations to 30 subway stations</a>, allowing mobile ticketing by cellphone or bank cards, and adding security cameras on buses, charging stations for electronics, and more countdown clocks. Roughly $3 billion will be spent to improve bridges and tunnels.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">COVID-19 pandemic in New York City</a>, following a 50% to 90% drop in ridership on all of the MTA's systems, the agency requested $4 billion in federal funds, since the decreased fare revenue left the already-struggling agency in a financially tenuous position.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> After the subway was temporarily shuttered at night starting in May 2020,<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> trains and stations were cleaned more than usual.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> Over 132 employees died of COVID-19 as of June 2020<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> On February 1, 2023, as part of her Executive Budget proposal to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Legislature" title="New York State Legislature">New York State Legislature</a>, Governor <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Kathy Hochul</a> proposed raising the MTA payroll tax, a move projected to increase revenue by $800 million, and also giving the MTA some of the money from casinos expected at present to be licensed soon for business in Manhattan.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Reasons_for_high_costs">Reasons for high costs</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Reasons for high costs">edit</a>]</div> On November 18, 2017, The New York Times published an investigation into the problems underlying the MTA. It found that politicians from both the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> parties, at the mayoral and gubernatorial levels, had gradually removed $1.5 billion of MTA funding. Other actions by city and state politicians, according to the Times, included overspending; overpaying unions and interest groups; advertising superficial improvement projects while ignoring more important infrastructure; and agreeing to high-interest loans that would have been unnecessary without their other interventions.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Politics-Subways-2017-157">[157]</a> The Times stressed that no single event directly caused the crisis; rather, it was an accumulation of small cutbacks and maintenance deferments.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> The MTA funds were described as a "piggy bank" for the state, with the issuance of MTA bonds benefiting the state at the MTA's expense.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Politics-Subways-2017-157">[157]</a> By 2017, a sixth of the MTA's budget was allocated to paying off debt, a threefold increase from the proportion in 1997. The city's $250 million annual contribution to the MTA budget in 2017 was a quarter of the contribution in 1990. <a href="/wiki/David_L._Gunn" title="David L. Gunn">David L. Gunn</a>, who helped end a transit crisis when he led the NYCTA in the mid-1980s, described the 2017 crisis as "heartbreaking".<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Politics-Subways-2017-157">[157]</a> In December of the same year, the Times reported that the $12 billion <a href="/wiki/East_Side_Access" title="East Side Access">East Side Access</a> project, which would extend the LIRR to <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a> upon its completion, was the most expensive of its kind in the world, with a projected price of $3.5 billion per mile of track. Over the years, the projected cost of East Side Access had risen by billions of dollars due to unnecessary expenses. In addition to overpaying workers and overspending, politicians and trade unions had forced the MTA to hire more workers than was needed. In 2010, an accountant found that the project was hiring 200 extra workers, at a cost of $1,000 per worker per day, for no apparent reason. The bidding process for MTA construction contracts also raised costs because, in some cases, only one or two contractors would bid on a project. Similar construction projects in New York City, such as the <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a> and <a href="/wiki/7_Subway_Extension" title="7 Subway Extension">7 Subway Extension</a>, had been more expensive than comparable projects elsewhere for the same reasons, even though other cities' transit systems faced similar, or greater, problems compared to the MTA.<a href="#cite_note-:8-159">[159]</a> In March 2018, the federal <a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a> ordered an audit of the United States' transit costs, which were generally higher than in any other developed country in the world. The GAO planned to devote special attention to the MTA's transit costs.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> The MTA has long struggled to control costs due to contracting fraud and corruption. In 2012, MTA executive Mario Guerra attempted to secure a job with train manufacturer Bombardier while evaluating their bid for a $600 million project.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Paresh Patel, an MTA manager responsible for the oversight of repair contracts in the aftermath of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Hurricane Sandy</a>, created and awarded contracts to his own engineering firm staffed with friends with few formal qualifications in engineering. After deleting thousands of company emails, Patel pleaded guilty to obstructing federal bid rigging and fraud investigations in March 2020.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> In 2022, construction manager Ramnarace Mahabir was found to have provided jobs for family members through the routing of $18 million in bus depot contracts.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> At one 2018 board meeting, an MTA executive explicitly noted the sentiment that the authority is willing to assign jobs to contractors with prior histories of corruption.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advertisement_bans">Advertisement bans</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Advertisement bans">edit</a>]</div> The MTA collected $707 million from advertising on its trains and buses in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-osc.state.ny.us-165">[165]</a> In June 1992, the MTA banned tobacco advertising on subways, buses and commuter rail, costing the agency $4.5 million in annual advertising revenue. The tobacco advertisements were removed once the advertising contracts expired. They were removed from subways, buses, and bus shelters by the start of 1993, from the commuter rail lines by the start of 1994, and from Long Island Bus vehicles by the start of 1997.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> The MTA refused to display an ad in the New York City Subway system in 2012, which read: "In any war between the civilized man and the savage, support the civilized man. Support Israel. Defeat <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a>."<a href="#cite_note-auto-168">[168]</a> The authority's decision was overturned in July 2012 when Judge <a href="/wiki/Paul_A._Engelmayer" title="Paul A. Engelmayer">Paul A. Engelmayer</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a> ruled that the ad of the <a href="/wiki/American_Freedom_Defense_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="American Freedom Defense Initiative">American Freedom Defense Initiative</a> is <a href="/wiki/Protected_speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected speech">protected speech</a> under the <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment" class="mw-redirect" title="First Amendment">First Amendment</a>, and that the MTA's actions were <a href="/wiki/Unconstitutional" class="mw-redirect" title="Unconstitutional">unconstitutional</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-168">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-170">[170]</a> The judge held in a 35-page opinion that the rejected ad was "not only protected speech — it is core political speech ... [which as such] is afforded the highest level of protection under the First Amendment."<a href="#cite_note-auto1-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-171">[171]</a> The MTA had received $116.4 million in revenue in 2011 from advertising sold throughout its subway, commuter rail, and bus systems.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-171">[171]</a> In April 2015, another ad became the subject of controversy when the MTA refused to display it, the refusal was again challenged in court, and the MTA again lost in court and was ordered by a federal judge to display the ad.<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-172">[172]</a> The ad, paid for by the American Freedom Defense Initiative, showed a man with a scarf covering his face, with the caption "Killing Jews is Worship that draws us close to <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a>", which was attributed to "<a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> MTV," and then stated: "That's His <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a>. What's yours?"<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-172">[172]</a> The ad included a disclaimer that the display of the ad did not reflect the opinion of the MTA.<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-172">[172]</a> U.S. District Judge <a href="/wiki/John_Koeltl" class="mw-redirect" title="John Koeltl">John Koeltl</a> of the US District Court for the Southern District of New York in Manhattan said the ad was <a href="/wiki/Protected_speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected speech">protected speech</a> under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, and rejected the MTA's argument that the ad might endorse terrorism or violence.<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-172">[172]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Geller" title="Pamela Geller">Pamela Geller</a>, president of the group that sued the MTA in order to run the ads, lauded the decision, and a lawyer for the organization said the same decision had been made in Washington and Philadelphia.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> A week afterward, the MTA's board in a 9–2 vote banned all political, religious, and opinion advertisements on subways and buses, limiting any ads to commercial ones.<a href="#cite_note-newyorklawjournal.com-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> Specifically, it banned advertisements that "prominently or predominately advocate or express a political message" about "disputed economic, political, moral, religious or social issues," and any ad that "promotes or opposes" a political party, ballot referendum, and "the election of any candidate".<a href="#cite_note-dnainfo_20150430-145">[145]</a> The board estimated that the ads that the board was banning made up less than $1 million of the MTA's advertising revenue of $138 million in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-dnainfo_20150430-145">[145]</a> Nevertheless, lawyers for the American Freedom Defense Initiative called the MTA's action a "disingenuous attempt to circumvent" the judge's order.<a href="#cite_note-newyorklawjournal.com-174">[174]</a> Another controversy regarding MTA ads arose in 2018. After initially rejecting proposed advertisements from Unbound, a sex-toy retailer, the MTA allowed the ads. Previous advertisement proposals from companies, such as female-hygiene retailer <a href="/wiki/Thinx" title="Thinx">Thinx</a>'s ad proposal in 2015, had been rejected and later approved due to "dissemination of indecent material to minors" and "public display[s] of offensive sexual material."<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017–2021_transit_crisis">2017–2021 transit crisis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: 2017–2021 transit crisis">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932021_New_York_City_transit_crisis" title="2017–2021 New York City transit crisis">2017–2021 New York City transit crisis</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B_Train_malfunction_25_Oct_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/B_Train_malfunction_25_Oct_2021.jpg/220px-B_Train_malfunction_25_Oct_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/B_Train_malfunction_25_Oct_2021.jpg/330px-B_Train_malfunction_25_Oct_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/B_Train_malfunction_25_Oct_2021.jpg/440px-B_Train_malfunction_25_Oct_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2190" data-file-height="1642" /></a><figcaption>An MTA employee performs maintenance on a B Train bound for Brighton Beach after a brake malfunction, October 2021</figcaption></figure> In June 2017, New York Governor <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a> declared a state of emergency for the MTA due to ongoing reliability and crowding problems. This order applied particularly to the New York City Subway, which was the most severely affected by dilapidated infrastructure, causing overcrowding and delays. With many parts of the system approaching or exceeding 100 years of age, general deterioration could be seen in many subway stations.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> By 2017, only 65% of weekday trains reached their destinations on time, the lowest rate since a transit crisis in the 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> A corresponding bus crisis was not covered as heavily in the media, but in November 2017, New York City Comptroller <a href="/wiki/Scott_Stringer" title="Scott Stringer">Scott Stringer</a> identified several causes for the bus system's unreliability.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-BusCrisis-Nov2017-180">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYCBusSystemReport-Comptroller-2017-181">[181]</a> The average speeds of New York City buses were found to be 7 to 8 miles per hour (11 to 13 km/h),<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-BusCrisis-Nov2017-180">[180]</a> the slowest of any major bus system nationwide.<a href="#cite_note-NYCBusSystemReport-Comptroller-2017-181">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campaigns">Campaigns</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Campaigns">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Safety_campaign">Safety campaign</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Safety campaign">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:If_you_see_something,_say_something_42nd_street_subway.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/If_you_see_something%2C_say_something_42nd_street_subway.JPG/220px-If_you_see_something%2C_say_something_42nd_street_subway.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/If_you_see_something%2C_say_something_42nd_street_subway.JPG/330px-If_you_see_something%2C_say_something_42nd_street_subway.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/If_you_see_something%2C_say_something_42nd_street_subway.JPG/440px-If_you_see_something%2C_say_something_42nd_street_subway.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Stairs in the <a href="/wiki/Times_Square%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Times Square–42nd Street station">Times Square–42nd Street station</a> with decals with the slogan, "If you see something, say something."</figcaption></figure> In 2002, following the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks</a>, the MTA introduced the slogan "If you see something, say something."<a href="#cite_note-Elliott_2007-182">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-Smerd_2005-183">[183]</a> The campaign, which was based from a theme created by Korey Kay & Partners, consisted of <a href="/wiki/Public_safety_announcement" class="mw-redirect" title="Public safety announcement">public safety announcements</a>, posted on <a href="/wiki/Advertisement" class="mw-redirect" title="Advertisement">advertisement</a> boards in stations, subway, buses, and trains, urging people to report suspicious activity. <a href="/wiki/Allen_Kay" title="Allen Kay">Allen Kay</a>, CEO of Korey Kay and Partners, stated in 2007 that the company had to do a lot of research to ensure that consumers understood the message correctly.<a href="#cite_note-Elliott_2007-182">[182]</a> Since 2002 the campaign has evolved from simple print ads to television spots, and reports of suspicious packages in the system rose over 40-fold, from 814 in 2002 to over 37,000 in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-Karni_2007-184">[184]</a> The MTA moved to trademark the slogan in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-Smerd_2005-183">[183]</a> The slogan was used by more than 30 other "transport and governmental" organizations by 2007.<a href="#cite_note-Elliott_2007-182">[182]</a> That year, the MTA spent $3 million to run 4,000 television ads and 84 newspaper ads in 11 total papers, over a span of more than four months.<a href="#cite_note-Karni_2007-184">[184]</a> The idea gained traction, and in 2010, the domestic-security branch of the United States federal government, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">United States Department of Homeland Security</a> (DHS), started its own "see something, say something" campaign.<a href="#cite_note-USATODAY.com_2010-185">[185]</a> Kevin Ortiz, a spokesman for the MTA, described the slogan as having "engaged the public in serving as the eyes and ears of our system."<a href="#cite_note-USATODAY.com_2010-185">[185]</a> Meanwhile, the DHS's campaign had attracted at least 215 partners in the private, public, and nonprofit sectors by 2014, which one writer called "a true smart practice."<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> However, the MTA program has not been universally well-received; in 2012, sociologists from <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> and the Illinois Institute of Technology noted that the campaign had not netted any thwarted terrorist plots, and that the sheer volume of calls to the MTA hotline resulted in MTA workers possibly not being able to identify genuine threats.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> In 2016, MTA updated the campaign, renaming it "New Yorkers Keep New York Safe." As before, the campaign features public service announcements in advertisement spaces. However, this new campaign now features the pictures, names, and quotes of New Yorkers who called to report suspicious people or things on the MTA's system.<a href="#cite_note-Rivoli_2016-190">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-Altamirano_2016-191">[191]</a> The rebooted campaign also shows 15- to 30-second videos of these New Yorkers who speak about their experiences. The two-year "New Yorkers Keep New York Safe" campaign received $2 million of funding from the DHS.<a href="#cite_note-Rivoli_2016-190">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-Altamirano_2016-191">[191]</a> The MTA still owns the trademark for "If you see something, say something."<a href="#cite_note-Altamirano_2016-191">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Courtesy_campaigns">Courtesy campaigns</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Courtesy campaigns">edit</a>]</div> In MTA buses, there are stickers plastered on the frontmost seats. The front seats are priority seating, and the stickers state "Won't you please give up your seat to the disabled or elderly" with the "o" in "Won't" replaced with a heart symbol. In 2009, it was codified into an enforceable policy that could be punished with a fine.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> Since 2014, the MTA has had a "Courtesy Counts" campaign consisting of posters that show colored stick figures having either correct or incorrect etiquette. Green stick figures show what riders should do, such as taking off their backpacks, while red stick figures show what riders should not do, such as <a href="/wiki/Manspreading" title="Manspreading">manspreading</a>.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYMag-PSAs-2014-194">[194]</a> All of the posters have the tagline “Courtesy Counts: Manners Make a Better Ride.”<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> Starting in January 2015, these posters were installed in subway cars, with the posters coming to commuter rail and buses the following month.<a href="#cite_note-NYMag-PSAs-2014-194">[194]</a> In May 2017, the MTA started a three-month pilot program to encourage riders to give up their seats for the pregnant, disabled, or elderly. It created a website where pregnant women, the disabled, and the elderly could request specialized buttons.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Bump-Button-2017-196">[196]</a> There are two designs: a "<a href="/wiki/Baby_on_board" title="Baby on board">Baby on Board</a>" button for pregnant mothers and a more generic "Please offer me a seat" button.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> This idea stemmed from the "Baby on Board" buttons that were given out across the <a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a> in 2013 after the <a href="/wiki/Duchess_of_Cambridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchess of Cambridge">Duchess of Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catherine,_Duchess_of_Cambridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge">Kate Middleton</a>, wore such a button there.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Bump-Button-2017-196">[196]</a> The MTA launched the "Hate Has No Place in Our Transportation System" campaign in January 2020.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> This involved placing notices on several thousand subway and bus screens.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021_onsite_COVID-19_vaccinations">2021 onsite COVID-19 vaccinations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: 2021 onsite COVID-19 vaccinations">edit</a>]</div> In May 2021, the MTA operated eight walk-up <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">COVID-19 vaccination</a> sites in subway, Metro-North and Long Island Rail Road stations as part of a five-day pilot project.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> This pilot project was subsequently extended another week at two stations.<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> Over 11,000 people received the <a href="/wiki/Janssen_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Janssen COVID-19 vaccine">Janssen COVID-19 vaccine</a> as part of the program.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/48px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/64px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_York_City" title="Portal:New York City">New York City portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Transportation">Transportation portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Transportation in New York City">Transportation in New York City</a></li></ul> Other transportation authorities operating in New York state: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_District_Transportation_Authority" title="Capital District Transportation Authority">Capital District Transportation Authority</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Capital_District,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital District, New York">Capital District, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_New_York_Regional_Transportation_Authority" title="Central New York Regional Transportation Authority">Central New York Regional Transportation Authority</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">Syracuse, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Frontier_Transportation_Authority" title="Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority">Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port Authority of New York and New Jersey">Port Authority of New York and New Jersey</a>, in New York City and northern New Jersey</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester-Genesee_Regional_Transportation_Authority" title="Rochester-Genesee Regional Transportation Authority">Rochester-Genesee Regional Transportation Authority</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mtanetwork-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mtanetwork_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mtanetwork_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mtanetwork_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/network.htm">"The MTA Network"</a>. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+MTA+Network&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fnetwork.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-management-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-management_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-management_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/transparency/leadership/executive-leadership">"MTA Leadership"</a>. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 9, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA+Leadership&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Ftransparency%2Fleadership%2Fexecutive-leadership&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mta-act-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mta-act_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mta-act_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAct" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433107706115?urlappend=%3Bseq=1062">"Metropolitan Commuter Transportation Authority Act"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Laws_of_New_York" title="Laws of New York">Laws of New York</a>. Vol. <a href="/wiki/175th_New_York_State_Legislature" title="175th New York State Legislature">188th sess.</a>: I. 1965. pp. 1042–1062. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fnyp.33433107706115">2027/nyp.33433107706115</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0892-287X">0892-287X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Metropolitan+Commuter+Transportation+Authority+Act&rft.btitle=Laws+of+New+York&rft.pages=1042-1062&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fnyp.33433107706115&rft.issn=0892-287X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fnyp.33433107706115%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D1062&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> Chapter 324, enacted 1 June 1965, effective immediately. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrutzner1965" class="citation news cs1">Grutzner, Charles (February 26, 1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/02/26/101529219.pdf">"Rockefeller Urges State Buy L.I.R.R. and Modernize It – To Ask Legislature to Vote Funds to Purchase Line at 'Reasonable' Price – New Board Is Proposed – It Would Sell $200 Million Bonds for Improvements – Railroad Favors Plan"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rockefeller+Urges+State+Buy+L.I.R.R.+and+Modernize+It+%E2%80%93+To+Ask+Legislature+to+Vote+Funds+to+Purchase+Line+at+%27Reasonable%27+Price+%E2%80%93+New+Board+Is+Proposed+%E2%80%93+It+Would+Sell+%24200+Million+Bonds+for+Improvements+%E2%80%93+Railroad+Favors+Plan&rft.date=1965-02-26&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Grutzner&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1965%2F02%2F26%2F101529219.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jacket-5"><a href="#cite_ref-jacket_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNYS_Executive_Department1965" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Executive_Department" title="New York State Executive Department">NYS Executive Department</a> (June 1, 1965), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nysl.ptfs.com/aw-server/rest/product/purl/NYSL/i/1122f9f5-51e5-49a4-bac2-a8d5dc595164">New York State bill jackets - L-1965-CH-0324</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Library" title="New York State Library">New York State Library</a>, retrieved October 26, 2022</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+State+bill+jackets+-+L-1965-CH-0324&rft.pub=New+York+State+Library&rft.date=1965-06-01&rft.au=NYS+Executive+Department&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnysl.ptfs.com%2Faw-server%2Frest%2Fproduct%2Fpurl%2FNYSL%2Fi%2F1122f9f5-51e5-49a4-bac2-a8d5dc595164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/05/21/97202522.pdf">"Assembly Votes Commuter Board – Bill Creates Transportation Authority for City Area"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. May 21, 1965. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Assembly+Votes+Commuter+Board+%E2%80%93+Bill+Creates+Transportation+Authority+for+City+Area&rft.date=1965-05-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1965%2F05%2F21%2F97202522.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/06/22/106994685.pdf">"Rockefeller Names Ronan to Rail Job – Aide to Governor to Head New Agency at $45,000"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. June 22, 1965. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rockefeller+Names+Ronan+to+Rail+Job+%E2%80%93+Aide+to+Governor+to+Head+New+Agency+at+%2445%2C000&rft.date=1965-06-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1965%2F06%2F22%2F106994685.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/06/03/97204704.pdf">"State in Accord With the Pennsy on Buying L.I.R.R. – P.R.R. Agrees on Price of $65 Million With New Transportation Agency"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. June 3, 1965. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved January 31, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=State+in+Accord+With+the+Pennsy+on+Buying+L.I.R.R.+%E2%80%93+P.R.R.+Agrees+on+Price+of+%2465+Million+With+New+Transportation+Agency&rft.date=1965-06-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1965%2F06%2F03%2F97204704.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/12/23/96726212.pdf">"Authority Signs a Pact To Buy the Long Island"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. December 23, 1965. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Authority+Signs+a+Pact+To+Buy+the+Long+Island&rft.date=1965-12-23&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1965%2F12%2F23%2F96726212.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/01/21/89643178.pdf">"State Takes Over the L.I. Rail Road – Finishes Paying the Pennsy – Re-elects All Officers"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. 1966. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. 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The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Connecticuty+Joins+New+York+in+Plan+to+Aid+Commuters+%E2%80%93+Service-Contract+Idea+Might+Involve+Leasing+Lines+of+Central+and+New+Haven&rft.date=1965-02-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Perlmutter&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1965%2F02%2F28%2F98453399.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fultonhistory.com/highlighter/highlight-for-xml?altUrl=http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2010/Yonkers%20NY%20Herald%20Statesman/Yonkers%20NY%20Herald%20Statesman%201966%20%20Grayscale/Yonkers%20NY%20Herald%20Statesman%201966%20A%20%20Grayscale%20-%201025.pdf">"2 States May Lease, Modernize NHRR NYC-New Haven Section"</a> (PDF). Yonkers Herald Statesman. September 27, 1966. p. 2. Retrieved February 1, 2018 – via <a href="/wiki/Fultonhistory.com" title="Fultonhistory.com">Fultonhistory.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yonkers+Herald+Statesman&rft.atitle=2+States+May+Lease%2C+Modernize+NHRR+NYC-New+Haven+Section&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1966-09-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2Fhighlighter%2Fhighlight-for-xml%3FaltUrl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FNewspaper%252010%2FYonkers%2520NY%2520Herald%2520Statesman%2FYonkers%2520NY%2520Herald%2520Statesman%25201966%2520%2520Grayscale%2FYonkers%2520NY%2520Herald%2520Statesman%25201966%2520A%2520%2520Grayscale%2520-%25201025.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/10/29/94998028.pdf">"Rail Panel Views New Haven Needs – Reports Situation Is Worse Than It Had Expected"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. October 29, 1965. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rail+Panel+Views+New+Haven+Needs+%E2%80%93+Reports+Situation+Is+Worse+Than+It+Had+Expected&rft.date=1965-10-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1965%2F10%2F29%2F94998028.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/10/11/90228514.pdf">"New Haven Sale Opposed on Price – $140-Million Deal Is Called 'Wholly Inadequate' by Metropolitan Life – Passenger Aid Slated – Insurer Backs Road's Entry Into Merger of Pennsy and Central Lines"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. October 11, 1966. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Haven+Sale+Opposed+on+Price+%E2%80%93+%24140-Million+Deal+Is+Called+%27Wholly+Inadequate%27+by+Metropolitan+Life+%E2%80%93+Passenger+Aid+Slated+%E2%80%93+Insurer+Backs+Road%27s+Entry+Into+Merger+of+Pennsy+and+Central+Lines&rft.date=1966-10-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1966%2F10%2F11%2F90228514.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/12/15/82545449.pdf">"New Haven Plans to Extend Runs– Passenger Service to New York Will Be Maintained Till June 30, 1967"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. December 15, 1966. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Haven+Plans+to+Extend+Runs%E2%80%93+Passenger+Service+to+New+York+Will+Be+Maintained+Till+June+30%2C+1967&rft.date=1966-12-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1966%2F12%2F15%2F82545449.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/01/08/79270492.pdf">"Albany Is Warm to Transit Unity – Leaders Indicate Readiness to Weigh Lindsay Plan"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. 1966. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Albany+Is+Warm+to+Transit+Unity+%E2%80%93+Leaders+Indicate+Readiness+to+Weigh+Lindsay+Plan&rft.date=1966&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1966%2F01%2F08%2F79270492.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/02/09/121571906.pdf">"Governor Backs Mayor on Transit – Support on Legislation for Unification Is Assured"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. February 9, 1966. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Governor+Backs+Mayor+on+Transit+%E2%80%93+Support+on+Legislation+for+Unification+Is+Assured&rft.date=1966-02-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1966%2F02%2F09%2F121571906.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1967/01/22/89658580.pdf">"Moses Scores a Transit Merger as Unworkable"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. 1967. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Moses+Scores+a+Transit+Merger+as+Unworkable&rft.date=1967&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1967%2F01%2F22%2F89658580.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchanberg1966" class="citation news cs1">Schanberg, Sydney H. (June 3, 1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/06/03/82445384.pdf">"Rockefeller Seeks Regional Agency to Direct Transit – It Would Include Subway and Bridge Authorities and L.I. Rail Road – Bill Under Study Now – Commuter Organization for Metropolitan Area May Get More Powers"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rockefeller+Seeks+Regional+Agency+to+Direct+Transit+%E2%80%93+It+Would+Include+Subway+and+Bridge+Authorities+and+L.I.+Rail+Road+%E2%80%93+Bill+Under+Study+Now+%E2%80%93+Commuter+Organization+for+Metropolitan+Area+May+Get+More+Powers&rft.date=1966-06-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Schanberg&rft.aufirst=Sydney+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1966%2F06%2F03%2F82445384.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/06/04/96973413.pdf">"Lindsay Is Strongly Opposed To State Transit Proposal"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. June 4, 1966. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Lindsay+Is+Strongly+Opposed+To+State+Transit+Proposal&rft.date=1966-06-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1966%2F06%2F04%2F96973413.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1967/05/03/107189055.pdf">"Governor Signs 2d Transit Bill – Unification Measure Names Agency to Head Operation"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. May 3, 1967. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Governor+Signs+2d+Transit+Bill+%E2%80%93+Unification+Measure+Names+Agency+to+Head+Operation&rft.date=1967-05-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1967%2F05%2F03%2F107189055.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1968/02/10/79933622.pdf">"Triborough Pact Ends Last Block to Transit Unity – Superagency Will Control Authority, but Is Curbed on Transfer of Funds"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. February 10, 1968. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. 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February 19, 1968. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. 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The New York Times. February 28, 1967. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 1, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Triborough+Funds+Are+Again+Sought+to+Save+20c+Fare+%E2%80%93+Governor+and+Mayor+Study+Way+to+Include+Authority+in+Metropolitan+Program+%E2%80%93+Aid+to+Lindsay+Is+An+Aim+%E2%80%93+Move+Would+Avoid+Another+Fare+Rise+Before+Election+No+Comment+by+Moses&rft.date=1967-02-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1967%2F02%2F28%2F83581293.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1968/01/31/79932636.pdf">"Court Here Lets Railroads Consolidate Tomorrow – Rail Merger Gets Final Clearance"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. 1968. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. 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The New York Times. 1968. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved September 27, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Routes+Outlined+for+New+Subways+%E2%80%93+City+Aides+Report+Major+Agreement+on+Layout+of+Lines+in+3&rft.date=1968&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1968%2F01%2F02%2F89312800.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-ProgramforAction2-Aug1969-32"><a href="#cite_ref-MTA-ProgramforAction2-Aug1969_32-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/regionaltranspor00newy">"Regional Transportation Program"</a>. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 1969. Retrieved July 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regional+Transportation+Program&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=1969&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fregionaltranspor00newy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-QnsInterboroExy-1971-33"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-QnsInterboroExy-1971_33-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurks1971" class="citation web cs1">Burks, Edward C. (May 23, 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1971/05/23/91286116.pdf">"Interboro Route Angers Residents – Proposal for a Truck Link Assailed in Queens"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 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Vol. <a href="/wiki/177th_New_York_State_Legislature" title="177th New York State Legislature">190th sess.</a>: I. 1967. pp. 1831–1902. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuc1.a0001834803">2027/uc1.a0001834803</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0892-287X">0892-287X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=An+act+to+amend+laws+%E2%80%A6+in+relation+to+transportation+%E2%80%A6+the+Metropolitan+Commuter+Transportation+Authority+%E2%80%A6+the+New+York+City+Transit+Authority+%E2%80%A6+and+the+Triborough+Bridge+and+Tunnel+Authority.&rft.btitle=Laws+of+New+York&rft.pages=1831-1902&rft.date=1967&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fuc1.a0001834803&rft.issn=0892-287X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fuc1.a0001834803%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D1853&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> Chapter 717, enacted 2 May 1967, various titles effective immediately, 1 September 1967, 1 March 1968, and otherwise. </li> <li id="cite_note-QnsGazette-QnsPubTrans-51stBDay-2015-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-QnsGazette-QnsPubTrans-51stBDay-2015_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-QnsGazette-QnsPubTrans-51stBDay-2015_35-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-QnsGazette-QnsPubTrans-51stBDay-2015_35-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenner2014" class="citation web cs1">Penner, Larry (July 15, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qgazette.com/news/2015-07-15/Front_Page/Happy_51st_Birthday_To_Queens_Public_Transportatio.html">"Happy 51st Birthday To Queens Public Transportation"</a>. 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March 2, 1968. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. 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August 25, 1968. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1968/08/25/91290212.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 28, 2014. 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Retrieved June 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spectrum+News+NY1+%26%23124%3B+New+York+City&rft.atitle=MTA+vaccine+sites+%27convenient%27+for+commuters+and+tourists&rft.date=2021-05-27&rft.aulast=Rivoli&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fnyc%2Fall-boroughs%2Ftransit%2F2021%2F05%2F27%2Fmta-vaccine-sites--convenient--for-commuters-and-tourists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetropolitan+Transportation+Authority" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>.</div></div> </div> Official links: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://new.mta.info">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/mtainfo">Metropolitan Transportation Authority's channel</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_user_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube user (identifier)">YouTube</a></li></ul> Other links: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcac.org/">Permanent Citizens Advisory Committee to the MTA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.straphangers.org">NYPIRG Straphangers' Campaign</a> – a transit rider's advocacy group</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://govt.westlaw.com/nycrr/Browse/Home/NewYork/NewYorkCodesRulesandRegulations?guid=Idf465e60ba4a11dd9bf3e2db84ad02c5&originationContext=documenttoc&transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Codes,_Rules_and_Regulations" title="New York Codes, Rules and Regulations">New York Codes, Rules and Regulations</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Template:Metropolitan Transportation Authority"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Template talk:Metropolitan Transportation Authority"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan Transportation Authority"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">Bus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations">Regional Bus Operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crossings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">Bridges and Tunnels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law enforcement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority_Police_Department" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police Department">Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_New_York_City_Police_Department#Transit_Bureau" title="Organization of the New York City Police Department">New York City Police Department Transit Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triborough_Bridge_and_Tunnel_Authority_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority Police">Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority Police Department</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fleet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" title="New York City Subway rolling stock">Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations_bus_fleet" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations bus fleet">Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road_rolling_stock" title="Long Island Rail Road rolling stock">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad_rolling_stock" title="Metro-North Railroad rolling stock">Metro-North Railroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accessibility_of_the_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Accessibility of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_transit_fares" title="New York City transit fares">Bus and subway fares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_lanes_in_New_York_City" title="Bus lanes in New York City">Dedicated bus lanes</a></li> <li>Fare payment <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MYmta" title="MYmta">MYmta</a></li> <li>Histories <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="History of the Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="History of the New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Staten_Island_Railway" title="History of the Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_MTA_Inspector_General" title="Office of the MTA Inspector General">Inspector General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Police" title="New York City Transit Police">New York City Transit Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Capital_Construction_and_Development_Company" title="MTA Capital Construction and Development Company">Capital Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Arts_%26_Design" title="MTA Arts & Design">MTA Arts & Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Broadway" title="2 Broadway">2 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/370_Jay_Street" title="370 Jay Street">370 Jay Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nassau_Inter-County_Express#MTA_Long_Island_Bus" title="Nassau Inter-County Express">Long Island Bus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Transportation_in_New_York_City" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Template:Transportation in New York City"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Template talk:Transportation in New York City"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transportation in New York City"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Transportation_in_New_York_City" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Transportation in New York City">Transportation in New York City</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public transit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK">AirTrain JFK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations">MTA Regional Bus Operations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Select_Bus_Service" title="Select Bus Service">Select Bus Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_lanes_in_New_York_City" title="Bus lanes in New York City">Bus lanes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NJ_Transit" title="NJ Transit">NJ Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NYC_Ferry" title="NYC Ferry">NYC Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island_Tramway" title="Roosevelt Island Tramway">Roosevelt Island Tramway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Ferry" title="Staten Island Ferry">Staten Island Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private transit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Aviation in the New York metropolitan area">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="List of bridges and tunnels in New York City">Bridges and tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NY_Waterway" title="NY Waterway">NY Waterway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haverstraw%E2%80%93Ossining_Ferry" title="Haverstraw–Ossining Ferry">Haverstraw–Ossining Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh%E2%80%93Beacon_Ferry" title="Newburgh–Beacon Ferry">Newburgh–Beacon Ferry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_New_York_City" title="Cycling in New York City">Bicycling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citi_Bike" title="Citi Bike">Citi Bike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_vans_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Dollar vans in the New York metropolitan area">Dollar vans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicabs_of_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicabs of New York City">Taxis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1949_New_York_City_taxicab_strike" title="1949 New York City taxicab strike">1949 strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boro_taxi" title="Boro taxi">Boro taxi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major construction projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currently operating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_Subway_Extension" title="7 Subway Extension">7 Subway Extension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Side_Access" title="East Side Access">East Side Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Center" title="Fulton Center">Fulton Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moynihan_Train_Hall" title="Moynihan Train Hall">Moynihan Train Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Second_Avenue_Subway" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Second Avenue Subway">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_station_(PATH)" title="World Trade Center station (PATH)">World Trade Center Transportation Hub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canceled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Access_to_the_Region%27s_Core" title="Access to the Region's Core">Access to the Region's Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_LaGuardia" title="AirTrain LaGuardia">AirTrain LaGuardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan%E2%80%93Jamaica/JFK_Transportation_Project" title="Lower Manhattan–Jamaica/JFK Transportation Project">Lower Manhattan–Jamaica/JFK Transportation Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expansion_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway">Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Program_for_Action" title="Program for Action">Program for Action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Tunnel" title="Staten Island Tunnel">Staten Island Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed/Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Queens_Connector" title="Brooklyn–Queens Connector">Brooklyn–Queens Connector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_Program_(Northeast_Corridor)" title="Gateway Program (Northeast Corridor)">Gateway Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Station_Access" title="Penn Station Access">Penn Station Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_light_rail" title="Staten Island light rail">Staten Island light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Express" title="Interborough Express">Interborough Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traffic proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congestion_pricing_in_New_York_City" title="Congestion pricing in New York City">Congestion pricing in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlaNYC" title="PlaNYC">PlaNYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_Zero_(New_York_City)" title="Vision Zero (New York City)">Vision Zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York City Department of Transportation">NYC Department of Transportation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">Bridges and Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port Authority of New York and New Jersey">Port Authority of New York and New Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Board_of_Transportation" title="New York City Board of Transportation">Board of Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company">Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Manhattan_Transit_Corporation" title="Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation">Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Subway_System" title="Independent Subway System">Independent Subway System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">Interborough Rapid Transit Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Railway_Company" title="Manhattan Railway Company">Manhattan Railway Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hornblower_Cruises" title="Hornblower Cruises">Hornblower Cruises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Water_Taxi" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty Water Taxi">Liberty Water Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Water_Taxi" title="New York Water Taxi">New York Water Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NY_Waterway" title="NY Waterway">NY Waterway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island_Operating_Corporation" title="Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation">Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Taxi_Workers%27_Alliance" title="National Taxi Workers' Alliance">National Taxi Workers' Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Metropolitan_Transportation_Council" title="New York Metropolitan Transportation Council">New York Metropolitan Transportation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">Regional Plan Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straphangers_Campaign" title="Straphangers Campaign">Straphangers Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Alternatives" title="Transportation Alternatives">Transportation Alternatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tri-State_Transportation_Campaign" title="Tri-State Transportation Campaign">Tri-State Transportation Campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_transportation_in_New_York_City" title="History of transportation in New York City">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="History of the Long Island Rail Road">LIRR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="History of the New York City Subway">NYC Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_PATH" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the PATH">PATH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Staten_Island_Railway" title="History of the Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Transit_Super_Bowl" title="Mass Transit Super Bowl">Mass Transit Super Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port of New York and New Jersey">Port of New York and New Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Transportation in New York City">Category:Transportation in New York City</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" title="Template:New York state public-benefit corporations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" title="Template talk:New York state public-benefit corporations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York state public-benefit corporations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" title="New York state public-benefit corporations">New York state public-benefit corporations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oversight</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Authorities_Budget_Office" title="New York State Authorities Budget Office">New York State Authorities Budget Office</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Comptroller" title="New York State Comptroller">New York State Comptroller</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Financial_Control_Board" title="New York State Financial Control Board">New York State Financial Control Board</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Public_Authorities_Control_Board" title="New York State Public Authorities Control Board">New York State Public Authorities Control Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class A Statewide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_%26_New_York_State_Horse_Breeding_Development_Fund" title="Agriculture & New York State Horse Breeding Development Fund">Agriculture & New York State Horse Breeding Development Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormitory_Authority_of_the_State_of_New_York" title="Dormitory Authority of the State of New York">Dormitory Authority of the State of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Development_Corporation" title="Empire State Development Corporation">Empire State Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Housing_Finance_Agency" title="New York State Housing Finance Agency">Homeless Housing & Assistance Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations#List_of_New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" title="New York state public-benefit corporations">National Heritage Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Development_Corporation" title="Empire State Development Corporation">New York Job Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Local_Government_Assistance_Corporation" title="New York Local Government Assistance Corporation">New York Local Government Assistance Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Housing_Finance_Agency" title="New York State Housing Finance Agency">New York State Affordable Housing Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Archives" title="New York State Archives">New York State Archives Partnership Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Canal_Corporation" title="New York State Canal Corporation">New York State Canal Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Energy_Research_and_Development_Authority" title="New York State Energy Research and Development Authority">New York State Energy Research & Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations#List_of_New_York_state_public-benefit_corporations" title="New York state public-benefit corporations">New York State Environmental Facilities Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Development_Corporation" title="Empire State Development Corporation">New York State Foundation for Science, Technology and Innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Housing_Finance_Agency" title="New York State Housing Finance Agency">New York State Housing Finance Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Housing_Finance_Agency" title="New York State Housing Finance Agency">New York State Housing Trust Fund Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Thoroughbred_Breeding_and_Development_Fund_Corporation" title="New York State Thoroughbred Breeding and Development Fund Corporation">New York State Thoroughbred Breeding and Development Fund Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Thruway" title="New York State Thruway">New York State Thruway Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Urban_Development_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State Urban Development Corporation">New York State Urban Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Power_Authority" title="New York Power Authority">Power Authority of the State of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_New_York_Mortgage_Agency" title="State of New York Mortgage Agency">State of New York Mortgage Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_New_York_Municipal_Bond_Bank_Agency" title="State of New York Municipal Bond Bank Agency">State of New York Municipal Bond Bank Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_Construction_Fund" title="State University Construction Fund">State University Construction Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobacco_Settlement_Financing_Corporation" title="Tobacco Settlement Financing Corporation">Tobacco Settlement Financing Corporation</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Defunct" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Theatre_Institute" title="New York State Theatre Institute">New York State Theatre Institute Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class A Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Convention_Center" title="Albany Convention Center">Albany Convention Center Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Albany%E2%80%93Rensselaer#Governance" title="Port of Albany–Rensselaer">Albany Port District Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York#Government" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo Fiscal Stability Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_District_Transportation_Authority" title="Capital District Transportation Authority">Capital District Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_New_York_Regional_Transportation_Authority" title="Central New York Regional Transportation Authority">Central New York Regional Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_Authority_of_the_North_Country" title="Development Authority of the North Country">Development Authority of the North Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_County,_New_York" title="Erie County, New York">Erie County Fiscal Stability Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_County_Medical_Center" title="Erie County Medical Center">Erie County Medical Center Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_Park" title="Hudson River Park">Hudson River Park Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River%E2%80%93Black_River_Regulating_District" title="Hudson River–Black River Regulating District">Hudson River–Black River Regulating District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_L._Carey_Battery_Park_City_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh L. Carey Battery Park City Authority">Hugh L. Carey Battery Park City Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Power_Authority" title="Long Island Power Authority">Long Island Power Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan_Development_Corporation" title="Lower Manhattan Development Corporation">Lower Manhattan Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Assistance_Corporation" title="Municipal Assistance Corporation">Municipal Assistance Corporation for the City of NY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Assistance_Corporation" title="Municipal Assistance Corporation">Municipal Assistance Corporation for the City of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nassau_Interim_Finance_Authority" title="Nassau Interim Finance Authority">Nassau County Interim Finance Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nassau_University_Medical_Center" title="Nassau University Medical Center">Nassau Health Care Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Egg,_Albany" title="The Egg, Albany">Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Performing Arts Center Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javits_Center" title="Javits Center">New York Convention Center Operating Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Bridge_Authority" title="New York State Bridge Authority">New York State Bridge Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Frontier_Transportation_Authority" title="Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority">Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Country_Power_Authority&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Country Power Authority (page does not exist)">North Country Power Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Regional_Development_Authority" title="Olympic Regional Development Authority">Olympic Regional Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overcoat_Development_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Overcoat Development Corporation (page does not exist)">Overcoat Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Oswego" title="Port of Oswego">Port of Oswego Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester-Genesee_Regional_Transportation_Authority" title="Rochester-Genesee Regional Transportation Authority">Rochester-Genesee Regional Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island_Operating_Corporation" title="Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation">Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roswell_Park_Comprehensive_Cancer_Center" title="Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center">Roswell Park Cancer Institute Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Corporation" title="United Nations Development Corporation">United Nations Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Power_Authority#Utility_Debt_Securitization_Authority" title="Long Island Power Authority">Utility Debt Securitization Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westchester_Medical_Center" title="Westchester Medical Center">Westchester County Health Care Corporation</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Defunct" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_New_York_State_Fair#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Great New York State Fair">Industrial Exhibit Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adirondack_Park_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Adirondack Park Agency">Adirondack Park Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Racing_Association" title="New York Racing Association">New York Racing Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class C*</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Island,_New_York#Green_Island_Power_Authority" title="Green Island, New York">Green Island Power Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_School_Construction_Authority" title="New York City School Construction Authority">New York City School Construction Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class D#</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_and_Fort_Erie_Public_Bridge_Authority" title="Buffalo and Fort Erie Public Bridge Authority">Buffalo and Fort Erie Public Bridge Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls_Bridge_Commission" title="Niagara Falls Bridge Commission">Niagara Falls Bridge Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogdensburg%E2%80%93Prescott_International_Bridge" title="Ogdensburg–Prescott International Bridge">Ogdensburg Bridge and Port Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port Authority of New York and New Jersey">Port Authority of New York and New Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>* (local jurisdiction: towns, villages, and small cities) # (interstate and international)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/543695/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/271333-0">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80050217">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007601882505171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500279357">ULAN</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/119324245">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6sv21jx">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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