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Ashley Parker, The Atlantic

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2.24l-5 12.27c-.68 1.69 2.53 2.07 3.08.8 1.73-4 5.52-9 7.08-11.22 2.28-3.25 4.26-5.48 5.69-5.48.76 0 1.1.42 1.1 1.22a5.83 5.83 0 01-.59 2l-3.54 7.55c-1 2-1.94 4.13-2.11 4.68-.42 1.31.3 2 1.43 2 2 0 4.77-1.65 7.43-4.6.84-1 .21-1.64-.59-.93a29 29 0 01-3.12 2.41c-.92.59-1.56.12-1.26-.72.21-.6.97-2.16 1.43-3.09z"></path></svg></a></div><div class="Nav_rightContainer__CBCcP"><ul class="NavAccountLinks_root__8VKLM" data-event-element="account links"><li class="NavAccountLinks_navListItem__Lxooj"><a href="https://accounts.theatlantic.com/login/" class="NavAccountLinks_navLink__ctd7M NavAccountLinks_hideOnMobile__Eokx4">Sign In</a></li><li class="NavAccountLinks_navListItem__Lxooj"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/subscribe/navbar/" class="NavAccountLinks_subscribe__2DNuJ">Subscribe</a></li></ul></div></div></div></nav><div class="Nav_fixedPosPlaceholder__0nyHE"></div><div class="Nav_overlay__zlKnQ" data-testid="overlay"></div><div></div><main data-event-surface="author landing page"><header data-event-module="header" class="AuthorHeader_root__6KXhk"><div class="AuthorHeader_authorInfo__9i9pS"><img alt="" class="Image_root__XxsOp AuthorHeader_headshot__Aefj_" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/mNhfJeBpL3oOxgdkhyNH4F6NF8k=/420x0:2695x2275/120x120/media/img/authors/2025/01/Ashley_Parker_headshot/original.jpg" width="120" height="120"/><h1 class="AuthorHeader_name__wdrDv">Ashley Parker</h1><div class="ArticleAuthorFollow_root__Oyvdr AuthorHeader_follow__TAQ5b"><button class="ArticleAuthorFollow_followButton__0_Sod" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls=":R3ccqm:" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open Author Newsletter Signup" data-event-verb="followed" data-event-element="follow button"><div class="ArticleAuthorFollow_buttonIcon__ofx09"></div>Follow</button></div><div class="AuthorHeader_bio__xh7hl"><div><div class="" data-event-element="inline link"><p>Ashley Parker is a staff writer at <em>The Atlantic. </em>Previously, Parker鈥攁 three-time Pulitzer Prize winner鈥攕pent eight years at <em>The Washington Post</em>, where she covered all four years of Donald Trump鈥檚 first presidency, was White House bureau chief during President Joe Biden鈥檚 first two years, and covered the 2024 presidential campaign as the senior national political correspondent. Before that, she spent more than a decade at <em>The New York Times</em>, where she covered the 2012 and 2016 presidential campaigns and Congress. She is also a political analyst for NBC and MSNBC.</p></div></div></div></div></header><div class="AuthorLayout_root__x9bA0"><div></div><div></div><div class="AuthorLayout_latest__jWAqE"><section data-event-module="latest" class="AuthorLatestRiver_root__SrLoS"><div class="SectionHeading_root__KI87K"><h3 class="SectionHeading_heading__33Mfh">Latest</h3></div><ol class="AuthorLatestRiver_river__vTQ59"><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/doge-musk-federal-agencies-takeover/681744/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="1" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">This Is What Happens When the DOGE Guys Take Over</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">Inside the federal agencies where Elon Musk鈥檚 people have seized control, fear and uncertainty reign.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/michael-scherer/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="1">Michael Scherer</a>, <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="1">Ashley Parker</a>, <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/matteo-wong/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="1">Matteo Wong</a>, <!-- --> and <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/shane-harris/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="1">Shane Harris</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-02-20T02:58:31Z">February 19, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/doge-musk-federal-agencies-takeover/681744/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="1"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/eqJpSHqCBHK4uqYDXG-qSpy474w=/86x1218:2071x2539/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/02/25_2_19_Parker_Scherer_Wong_Harris_DOGE_take_over_final/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/bAbQs7AFTWtHAsGhwGP5E17IKC0=/86x1218:2071x2539/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/02/25_2_19_Parker_Scherer_Wong_Harris_DOGE_take_over_final/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="Tornado-like swirl over the White House" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/3U7te0-dagRtwl_r_nSCR7me6KU=/281x821:1901x2441/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/25_2_19_Parker_Scherer_Wong_Harris_DOGE_take_over_final/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/I1O2sl4Ta0f2O4Qqx8UcPN1G524=/281x821:1901x2441/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/02/25_2_19_Parker_Scherer_Wong_Harris_DOGE_take_over_final/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/3U7te0-dagRtwl_r_nSCR7me6KU=/281x821:1901x2441/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/25_2_19_Parker_Scherer_Wong_Harris_DOGE_take_over_final/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Illustration by Akshita Chandra / The Atlantic. Source: Mark Gibson / Getty.</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/corey-lewandowski-is-too-controversialeven-for-trump/681694/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="2" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">Corey Lewandowski Is Too Controversial鈥擡ven for Trump</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">The president鈥檚 former campaign manager was denied an official role in the Department of Homeland Security, but he remains influential.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="2">Ashley Parker</a> and <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/michael-scherer/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="2">Michael Scherer</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-02-14T11:00:00Z">February 14, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/corey-lewandowski-is-too-controversialeven-for-trump/681694/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="2"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/VmPaoDKle7qHpcvnGbYIbU5UmGs=/329x0:3890x2370/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_528543580/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/aEk-DWyKospvgHGhgcspltf1aHY=/329x0:3890x2370/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_528543580/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="Corey Lewandowski" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/v_B7nJzasO3Sjs6oT6Cip5gEBm0=/685x0:3055x2370/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_528543580/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/yc62vSfawIlmXardQmZ88PRR02o=/685x0:3055x2370/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_528543580/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/v_B7nJzasO3Sjs6oT6Cip5gEBm0=/685x0:3055x2370/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_528543580/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">VIEWpress / Corbis / Getty</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/super-bowl-spectacle-over-gulf/681627/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="3" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">A Super Bowl Spectacle Over the Gulf</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">The president plans to highlight his proposed name change mid-route on Air Force One.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="3">Ashley Parker</a> and <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/michael-scherer/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="3">Michael Scherer</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-02-09T19:04:58Z">February 9, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/super-bowl-spectacle-over-gulf/681627/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="3"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/N4_WinF22uxDOugLAuUx6zv_wi0=/375x0:4432x2700/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_gulf/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/CC-Okt5MZzpZFtQAOLkO3Rcf5Gg=/375x0:4432x2700/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_gulf/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="collage of a finger pointing at the Gulf of Mexico on a map" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/KzpV2MXKvwig9QFUCWfvRuuq2zk=/1866x0:4566x2700/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_gulf/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/W4E1WfJ8BbyxtCpYAu7AfP7bRHU=/1866x0:4566x2700/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_gulf/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/KzpV2MXKvwig9QFUCWfvRuuq2zk=/1866x0:4566x2700/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_gulf/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Illustration by The Atlantic. Sources: Paul J. Richards / AFP / Getty; Encyclopedia Britannica / UIG /Getty.</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/trump-kennedy-center-board/681623/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="4" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">Trump鈥檚 Conquest of the Kennedy Center Is Accelerating</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F"><span>The president has begun purging the board of Washington鈥檚 premier arts organization.</span></p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/michael-scherer/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="4">Michael Scherer</a> and <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="4">Ashley Parker</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-02-08T20:47:00Z">February 8, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/trump-kennedy-center-board/681623/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="4"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/XEVrxYak8OoXQcJLpyxhtjpSq_4=/207x0:2488x1518/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_trump_593/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/NV50TyQ9wea0_FwD0o_n7McI4GE=/207x0:2488x1518/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_trump_593/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="A silhouette of Donald Trump descending stairs" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/SOadMHsqneEJi8cvynsnJyVLEHk=/1181x0:2699x1518/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_trump_593/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/iefn411MpjcMsXmzommelB1Cbec=/1181x0:2699x1518/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_trump_593/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/SOadMHsqneEJi8cvynsnJyVLEHk=/1181x0:2699x1518/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_08_trump_593/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Illustration by The Atlantic. Source: Roberto Schmidt / AFP / Getty.</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/trump-kennedy-center-arts/681613/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="5" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">Trump Takes Over the Kennedy Center</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">The president intends to replace members of the institution鈥檚 board as he adopts a more aggressive approach toward the arts.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/michael-scherer/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="5">Michael Scherer</a> and <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="5">Ashley Parker</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-02-07T20:02:05Z">February 7, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/trump-kennedy-center-arts/681613/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="5"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/4ECpYzLAZSIZ6-kX7BySkWv5VH4=/207x0:2489x1519/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_07_kennedycenter_/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/7zzFVHo-afXZBKheDiqVBnyFgI4=/207x0:2489x1519/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_07_kennedycenter_/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="Black-and-white photo of the Kennedy Center" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/qP_ZJthZFs-2N9yvBWu6fwwurXA=/591x0:2110x1519/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_07_kennedycenter_/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/Sd9Ks15Np6fq6n9wPxJ5_h8jK9A=/591x0:2110x1519/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_07_kennedycenter_/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/qP_ZJthZFs-2N9yvBWu6fwwurXA=/591x0:2110x1519/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/2025_02_07_kennedycenter_/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Thomas J. O'Halloran / Library of Congress</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit AuthorLatestRiverEdge_adWrapper__J9u9r"><gpt-ad class="GptAd_root__pAvcS LandingRiverInjector_root__Hir__ AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverAd__0yA0K GptAd_allowOverflow__3B6tW" format="injector" sizes-at-0="native,mobile-wide,house" targeting-pos="author-page-injector-1" targeting-native="standard,background,video,gift" sizes-at-1010="native,desktop-wide,house"></gpt-ad></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/elon-musk-doge-green-card-trump/681575/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="6" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">Trump Advisers Stopped Musk From Hiring a Noncitizen at DOGE</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">The world鈥檚 richest man still relies on the president for his authority.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="6">Ashley Parker</a> and <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/michael-scherer/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="6">Michael Scherer</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-02-05T03:29:00Z">February 4, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/02/elon-musk-doge-green-card-trump/681575/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="6"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/OpADZaL1NR9xaCdSz-Guo1ZbW8w=/172x0:2031x1237/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_2183889833/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/avHJ9ACzhQiPuApSy5JtX5FJNps=/172x0:2031x1237/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_2183889833/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="Elon Musk" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/a08nIOJboCdrHs4X5s5Nsg6MQc4=/482x0:1719x1237/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_2183889833/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/0hybp065LYBUw-tvDkJ6eB2c5Wg=/482x0:1719x1237/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_2183889833/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/a08nIOJboCdrHs4X5s5Nsg6MQc4=/482x0:1719x1237/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/02/GettyImages_2183889833/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Allison Robbert/AFP/Getty</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/01/omb-white-house/681506/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="7" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">The Memo That Shocked the White House</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">The directive from the Office of Management and Budget that froze most federal funds on Monday had not gone through the usual approval process.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="7">Ashley Parker</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-01-30T02:57:12Z">January 29, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/01/omb-white-house/681506/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="7"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/o07U2YR02_Id1aZ2JiibMX9f2Y0=/312x0:3688x2247/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/01/1237667201/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/_LlmmlCiVY9JU07o1UaVt-Gb4vY=/312x0:3688x2247/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/01/1237667201/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="a ghostly photo of the White House" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/xoGGJXC6tyc8rPBb3uYG75OMpcI=/874x0:3121x2247/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/01/1237667201/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/uj_wJTbSZlsNmkP0u2qxCzcsaZ8=/874x0:3121x2247/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/01/1237667201/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/xoGGJXC6tyc8rPBb3uYG75OMpcI=/874x0:3121x2247/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/01/1237667201/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Stefani Reynolds / AFP / Getty</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/01/trump-retribution-kash-patel-gulag/681496/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="8" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">Gulag Humor Is Now Everywhere in D.C.</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">You鈥檙e so vain, you probably think this retribution is about you.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="8">Ashley Parker</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-01-29T12:00:00Z">January 29, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/01/trump-retribution-kash-patel-gulag/681496/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="8"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/HuaRDQGTkzVIAscnCx7fs_EKxN0=/153x0:1843x1125/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/01/PatelGulag/original.png, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/NoK4QMqL22cBpn_nsZUBDIE-0kc=/153x0:1843x1125/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/01/PatelGulag/original.png 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="Kash Patel holding a set of keys" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/UQ5tXmMEPevL4bMGjqJeqVneZ24=/788x0:1913x1125/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/01/PatelGulag/original.png, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/LdETNs6K5q-CwbF5uusfFeF34c4=/788x0:1913x1125/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/01/PatelGulag/original.png 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/UQ5tXmMEPevL4bMGjqJeqVneZ24=/788x0:1913x1125/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/01/PatelGulag/original.png" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Illustration by The Atlantic. Sources: Jos茅 Luis Villegas / AP; Getty.</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li><li class="AuthorLatestRiverEdge_riverItem__Ofzit"><article class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_article__7BMQX"><div><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/01/tech-zuckerberg-trump-inauguration-oligarchy/681381/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_link__dzLxj" data-event-position="9" data-event-element="title"><h3 class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_title__chLEF">The Tech Oligarchy Arrives</h3></a><p class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_dek__Sck_F">Donald Trump鈥檚 inauguration signaled a new alliance鈥攆or now鈥攚ith some of the world鈥檚 wealthiest men.</p><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_byline__G3onp"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/michael-scherer/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="9">Michael Scherer</a> and <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ashley-parker/" class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_authorUrl__E6xpF" data-event-element="author" data-event-position="9">Ashley Parker</a></div><time class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_datePublished__YfqzT" dateTime="2025-01-20T21:00:00Z">January 20, 2025</time></div><figure class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_imageContainer__EVRZP"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/01/tech-zuckerberg-trump-inauguration-oligarchy/681381/" data-event-element="image" data-event-position="9"><picture><source media="(min-width: 576px)" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/JtTvRpA2jmYBVTCU9X4gACqLJXw=/255x0:3365x2070/296x197/media/img/mt/2025/01/GettyImages_2194362843/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/Pt9jlhz6nicbStDJO9y_-vk4CnU=/255x0:3365x2070/592x394/media/img/mt/2025/01/GettyImages_2194362843/original.jpg 2x" sizes="(min-width: 976px) 296px, (min-width: 786px) 304px, 320px"/><img alt="Mark Zuckerberg, Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk, and others at Donald Trump&#x27;s inauguration" loading="lazy" class="Image_root__XxsOp Image_lazy__hYWHV AuthorLatestRiverArticle_image__8GX32" sizes="80px" srcSet="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/rMOf6vvNTTWylShSPN4cn4-fQX0=/1012x0:3082x2070/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/01/GettyImages_2194362843/original.jpg, https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/tHH5BoOFXq8YLmCOhqsunhsjERg=/1012x0:3082x2070/160x160/media/img/mt/2025/01/GettyImages_2194362843/original.jpg 2x" src="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/rMOf6vvNTTWylShSPN4cn4-fQX0=/1012x0:3082x2070/80x80/media/img/mt/2025/01/GettyImages_2194362843/original.jpg" width="80" height="80"/></picture></a><div class="AuthorLatestRiverArticle_hideOnMobile__JgaZ8"><div class="Caption_root__Z71t7"><figcaption class="Caption_caption__cMtmB">Shawn Thew / Getty</figcaption></div></div></figure></article></li></ol></section></div><aside class="BottomLeaflets_root__F5_sA" aria-label="Subscribe to The Atlantic"><div class="BottomLeaflets_container__rI_9q"><div class="BottomLeaflets_newsletter__TNVFB"><div><h3 class="NewsletterLeaflet_title__2b6w_" 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Before that, she spent more than a decade at \u003cem\u003eThe New York Times\u003c/em\u003e, where she covered the 2012 and 2016 presidential campaigns and Congress. 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