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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spelling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spelling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Spelling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spelling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spanish_colonial_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_colonial_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Spanish colonial era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_colonial_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_colonial_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_colonial_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>American colonial rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_colonial_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commonwealth_Era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commonwealth_Era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Commonwealth Era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commonwealth_Era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efforts_of_Macapagal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efforts_of_Macapagal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Efforts of Macapagal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efforts_of_Macapagal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Later years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Buildings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Buildings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Buildings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Malacañang_Palace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malacañang_Palace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Malacañang Palace</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malacañang_Palace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Entrance_Halls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entrance_Halls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Entrance Halls</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entrance_Halls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heroes_Hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heroes_Hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Heroes Hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heroes_Hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grand_Staircase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grand_Staircase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Grand Staircase</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grand_Staircase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_Hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_Hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>Reception Hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception_Hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rizal_Ceremonial_Hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rizal_Ceremonial_Hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.5</span> <span>Rizal Ceremonial Hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rizal_Ceremonial_Hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_Dining_Room" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Dining_Room"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.6</span> <span>State Dining Room</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Dining_Room-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_Study" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_Study"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.7</span> <span>Presidential Study</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_Study-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_Room" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_Room"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.8</span> <span>Music Room</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_Room-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Private_quarters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Private_quarters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.9</span> <span>Private quarters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Private_quarters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bedroom_Suites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bedroom_Suites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.10</span> <span>Bedroom Suites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bedroom_Suites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_Room" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_Room"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.11</span> <span>Reception Room</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception_Room-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discothèque" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discothèque"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.12</span> <span>Discothèque</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discothèque-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paranormal_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paranormal_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.13</span> <span>Paranormal activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paranormal_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kalayaan_Hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kalayaan_Hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Kalayaan Hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kalayaan_Hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Presidential_Museum_and_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_Museum_and_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Presidential Museum and Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_Museum_and_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_Presidential_Museum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_Presidential_Museum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Former Presidential Museum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_Presidential_Museum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Executive_Building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Executive_Building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>New Executive Building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Executive_Building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mabini_Hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mabini_Hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Mabini Hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mabini_Hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bonifacio_Hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bonifacio_Hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Bonifacio Hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bonifacio_Hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malacañang_Park_and_Bahay_Pangulo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malacañang_Park_and_Bahay_Pangulo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Malacañang Park and Bahay Pangulo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malacañang_Park_and_Bahay_Pangulo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Other buildings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gardens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gardens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gardens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gardens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Security</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marker_from_the_National_Historical_Commission_of_the_Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marker_from_the_National_Historical_Commission_of_the_Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Marker from the National Historical Commission of the Philippines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marker_from_the_National_Historical_Commission_of_the_Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Malacañang Palace</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%BA" title="قصر مالاكانانغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قصر مالاكانانغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palasyo_nin_Malakanyang" title="Palasyo nin Malakanyang – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Palasyo nin Malakanyang" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an-Palast" title="Malacañan-Palast – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Malacañan-Palast" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palacio_de_Malaca%C3%B1%C3%A1n" title="Palacio de Malacañán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Palacio de Malacañán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais_de_Malaca%C3%B1an" title="Palais de Malacañan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Palais de Malacañan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EC%B9%B4%EB%83%A5%EA%B6%81" title="말라카냥궁 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="말라카냥궁" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istana_Malaca%C3%B1ang" title="Istana Malacañang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Istana Malacañang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_di_Malaca%C3%B1an" title="Palazzo di Malacañan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Palazzo di Malacañan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="ארמון מאלאקניינג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארמון מאלאקניינג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC" title="قصر مالاكانانج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قصر مالاكانانج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istana_Malaca%C3%B1ang" title="Istana Malacañang – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Istana Malacañang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%8A%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA" title="မာလာကန်ညင်နန်းတော် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မာလာကန်ညင်နန်းတော်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Malacañang Palace" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E5%AE%AE%E6%AE%BF" title="マラカニアン宮殿 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マラカニアン宮殿" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B3_(%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86)" title="Малаканьянг (дворец) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Малаканьянг (дворец)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Malacañang Palace – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Malacañang Palace" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palasyo_ng_Malakanyang" title="Palasyo ng Malakanyang – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Palasyo ng Malakanyang" 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title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&params=14.5939_N_120.9945_E_dim:30_region:PH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">14°35′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°59′40″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">14.5939°N 120.9945°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">14.5939; 120.9945</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacañan Palace">Malacañan Palace</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Official residence and principal workplace of the President of the Philippines</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the office it houses, see <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Office of the President of the Philippines">Office of the President of the Philippines</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Malacañan Palace</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname"><span title="Filipino-language text"><i lang="fil">Palasyo ng Malakanyang</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>)</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png/250px-Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png/375px-Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png/500px-Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="411" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_(local_img).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_%28local_img%29.jpg/270px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_%28local_img%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_%28local_img%29.jpg/405px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_%28local_img%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_%28local_img%29.jpg/540px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_%28local_img%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="928" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">Malacañan Palace as viewed from the <a href="/wiki/Pasig_River" title="Pasig River">Pasig River</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Manila_(proper)_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Malacañang Palace is located in Manila"><img alt="Malacañang Palace is located in Manila" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Manila_%28proper%29_location_map.svg/240px-Manila_%28proper%29_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Manila_%28proper%29_location_map.svg/360px-Manila_%28proper%29_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Manila_%28proper%29_location_map.svg/480px-Manila_%28proper%29_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1248" data-file-height="1064" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:52.716%;left:65.026%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Malacañang Palace"><img alt="Malacañang Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Manila</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Manila</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_Manila_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Malacañang Palace is located in Metro Manila"><img alt="Malacañang Palace is located in Metro Manila" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Metro_Manila_location_map.svg/240px-Metro_Manila_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="432" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Metro_Manila_location_map.svg/360px-Metro_Manila_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Metro_Manila_location_map.svg/480px-Metro_Manila_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="922" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.385%;left:38.571%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Malacañang Palace"><img alt="Malacañang Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Metro Manila</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Metro Manila</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippines_location_map_(Luzon_mainland).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Malacañang Palace is located in Luzon"><img alt="Malacañang Palace is located in Luzon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Philippines_location_map_%28Luzon_mainland%29.svg/240px-Philippines_location_map_%28Luzon_mainland%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Philippines_location_map_%28Luzon_mainland%29.svg/360px-Philippines_location_map_%28Luzon_mainland%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Philippines_location_map_%28Luzon_mainland%29.svg/480px-Philippines_location_map_%28Luzon_mainland%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="530" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.77%;left:30.782%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Malacañang Palace"><img alt="Malacañang Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Luzon</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Luzon</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippines_location_map_(square).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Malacañang Palace is located in Philippines"><img alt="Malacañang Palace is located in Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Philippines_location_map_%28square%29.svg/240px-Philippines_location_map_%28square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Philippines_location_map_%28square%29.svg/360px-Philippines_location_map_%28square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Philippines_location_map_%28square%29.svg/480px-Philippines_location_map_%28square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1332" data-file-height="1332" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.089%;left:40.666%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Malacañang Palace"><img alt="Malacañang Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the Philippines</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Philippines</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Former names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Casa Rocha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternative names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Malacañan Palace<br />Malacañang</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_palace" title="Presidential palace">Residence and Office</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Bahay_na_bato" title="Bahay na bato">Bahay na bato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neo-classical_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-classical architecture">Neoclassical</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel,_Manila" title="San Miguel, Manila">San Miguel, Manila</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data">Calle conde de Avilés 4, San Miguel, Manila 1005 Philippine Islands</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&params=14.5939_N_120.9945_E_dim:30_region:PH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">14°35′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°59′40″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">14.5939°N 120.9945°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">14.5939; 120.9945</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current tenants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a></span> and the <a href="/wiki/Marcos_family" title="Marcos family">first family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">1750<span class="noprint">; 274 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1750</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">Government of the Philippines</a><sup id="cite_ref-MalacanangGovPH_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MalacanangGovPH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Technical details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Floor area</th><td class="infobox-data">9,931 square metres</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/">malacanang<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ph</a></span><br /><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://op-proper.gov.ph">op-proper<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ph</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #FFE978; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> National Historical Landmarks</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Malacanang Palace in the District of San Miguel in Manila</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Building</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">May 6, 1998<span class="noprint">; 26 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1998-05-06</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legal basis</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philhistoricsites.nhcp.gov.ph/registry_database/malacanan-palace">Resolution No. 2, s. 1998</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_markers_of_the_Philippines_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of historical markers of the Philippines in Metro Manila">National Capital Region</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Marker date</th><td class="infobox-data">1941<span class="noprint">; 83 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1941</span>)</span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Malacañang Palace</b> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">Palasyo ng Malakanyang</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">locally</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="tl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tagalog" title="Help:IPA/Tagalog">[paˈlɐ̞ʃo<span class="wrap"> </span>näŋ<span class="wrap"> </span>maläkɐˈɲäŋ]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Palacio de Malacañán</i>), officially known as <b>Malacañan Palace</b>, is the <a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">official residence</a> and principal workplace of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">president of the Philippines</a>. It is located in the <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> district of <a href="/wiki/San_Miguel,_Manila" title="San Miguel, Manila">San Miguel</a>, along <a href="/wiki/Jose_P._Laurel" title="Jose P. Laurel">Jose P. Laurel</a> Street though it is commonly associated with <a href="/wiki/Mendiola_Street" title="Mendiola Street">Mendiola Street</a> nearby. The term <i>Malacañang</i> is often used as a <a href="/wiki/Metonym" class="mw-redirect" title="Metonym">metonym</a> for the president, <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Philippines" title="Cabinet of the Philippines">their advisers</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Office of the President of the Philippines">Office of the President of the Philippines</a>. The sprawling Malacañang Palace complex includes numerous mansions and office buildings designed and built largely in the <a href="/wiki/Bahay_na_bato" title="Bahay na bato">bahay na bato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neo-classical_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-classical architecture">neoclassical</a> styles. Among the presidents of the present <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Fifth Republic</a>, only <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a> actually lived in the main palace as both her office and her residence, with all others residing in nearby properties that form part of the larger palace complex.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The palace has been seized several times as a result of protests starting with the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a> of 1986, the <a href="/wiki/1989_Philippine_coup_attempt" title="1989 Philippine coup attempt">1989 coup attempt</a> (when the palace was buzzed by <a href="/wiki/North_American_T-28_Trojan" title="North American T-28 Trojan">T-28 Trojans</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Mendiola_Street#2001" title="Mendiola Street">2001 Manila riots</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/EDSA_III" title="EDSA III">EDSA III</a> riots. </p><p>The original structure was built in 1750 by don Luis José Rocha Camiña, a physician and Spaniard in the <a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">galleon trade</a>, who built it as a <a href="/wiki/Summer_house" title="Summer house">summer house</a> with his wife, Gregoria Tuason de Zaballa, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Honorific" title="Honorific">don</a> Antonio Tuason & doña Justa de Zaballa. It is located in San Miguel, along the <a href="/wiki/Pasig_River" title="Pasig River">Pasig River</a>. The Rocha property was built of stone and described as being a relatively modest country house (although modern-day Rochas say it was not small and in fact had a ballroom) with a bath house on the river and gardens, all enclosed by a stone fence. The latter was probably a nipa-roofed and bamboo-enclosed structure built on the water, away from the gaze of passing boats. It was easily accessible from Intramuros and Binondo by boat, carriage, or horseback. Malacañan was purchased by the state in 1825 as the summer residence for the Spanish <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippines#Spanish_Colonial_Government_(1764–1898)" title="Governor-General of the Philippines">governor-general</a> upon Colonel José Miguel Formento's death.<sup id="cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malacanang.gov.ph-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following an <a href="/wiki/1863_Manila_earthquake" title="1863 Manila earthquake">earthquake on June 3, 1863</a>, which destroyed the governor-general's official residence, the <i><a href="/wiki/Palacio_del_Gobernador" title="Palacio del Gobernador">Palacio del Gobernador</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Walled_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Walled city">walled city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Intramuros" title="Intramuros">Intramuros</a>, Malacañan became the official seat of power of Spanish colonial rule. The use of the palace as the official state residence of colonial rulers was continued after sovereignty over the islands was ceded to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in 1898. General <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Merritt" title="Wesley Merritt">Wesley Merritt</a> was the first American governor to make use of the estate as his residence.<sup id="cite_ref-residents_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-residents-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 1863, the palace has been occupied by eighteen Spanish governors-general, fourteen American military and civil governors, and later the presidents of the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-residents_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-residents-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The palace had been enlarged and refurbished several times since 1750; the grounds were expanded to include neighboring estates, and many buildings were demolished and constructed during the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1521-1898)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Philippines (1521-1898)">Spanish</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Philippines (1898–1946)">American</a> periods. Its posts were strengthened, roof tiles replaced with corrugated iron sheets, balconies repaired, and both the exterior and interior were beautified.<sup id="cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malacanang.gov.ph-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently, between 1978 and 1979, the palace building was drastically remodeled and extensively rebuilt by First Lady <a href="/wiki/Imelda_Marcos" title="Imelda Marcos">Imelda Marcos</a><sup id="cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malacanang.gov.ph-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">tenure</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Malacañang was the only major government building in Manila to survive heavy artillery bombing during the Second World War.<sup id="cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malacanang.gov.ph-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The palace continues to be the centerpiece of the upscale district of San Miguel, spared by the war.<sup id="cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malacanang.gov.ph-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest document to address the building's roots was the <i>Compendio de la Historia de Filipinas</i> written in 1877 by Spanish historian Felipe de Govantes, in which he stated that the term Malacañán meant "place of the fisherman". This was again referenced in the 1895 <i>Historia general de Filipinas</i> by José Montero y Vidal and the <i>Historia de Filipinas</i> by Manuel Artigas y Cuerva in 1916. In 1972, Ileana Maramag in her work on Malacañan history supplied the Tagalog word: <i>mamalakáya</i>, which means fisherman. The original denomination for the location is believed to be <i>Mamalakáya-han</i>, with the Tagalog suffix <i>-han</i> meaning "place of", later simplified by the Spanish colonial authorities as <i>Malacañán</i> and adapted according to the Spanish orthography.<sup id="cite_ref-wherename_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wherename-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spelling">Spelling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Spelling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Spanish colonial era, Spanish-language books that were published at the time spelled the word as <i>Malacañang</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Moya_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moya-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ilustracion_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilustracion-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name was changed to "<i>Malacañan</i>" during the American occupation of the Philippines from 1898 until 1946, supposedly for ease of pronunciation despite the fact that "-ng" as a final sound is very familiar in the English language.<sup id="cite_ref-ambeth_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ambeth-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, after the inauguration of President <a href="/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay" title="Ramon Magsaysay">Ramon Magsaysay</a> on December 30, 1953, the Philippine government reverted the name to <i>Malacañang</i> in honor of the palace's historical roots.<sup id="cite_ref-ambeth_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ambeth-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the administration of <a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a>, for historical reasons, government policy was introduced to distinguish between both terms; while "Malacañan Palace" refers to the official residence of the president, "Malacañang" is addressed as the office of the president. Currently, the heading <i>Malacañan Palace</i> is reserved for official documents personally signed by the president, while those delegated to and signed by subordinates use the heading <i>Malacañang</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_colonial_era">Spanish colonial era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Spanish colonial era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malacanang_Palace_1898.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Malacanang_Palace_1898.jpg/220px-Malacanang_Palace_1898.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Malacanang_Palace_1898.jpg/330px-Malacanang_Palace_1898.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Malacanang_Palace_1898.jpg/440px-Malacanang_Palace_1898.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>Malacañang Palace in 1898.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Spanish captains-general (before the independence of <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>, from which the Philippines was directly governed) and the later <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippines" title="Governor-General of the Philippines">governors-general</a> originally resided at the <i>Palacio del Gobernador</i> (Governor's Palace) fronting the city square in the walled city of <a href="/wiki/Intramuros" title="Intramuros">Intramuros</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>. Malacañang Palace was originally built as a <i>casita</i> (or country house) in 1750, made of adobe and wood, with interiors panelled with the finest narra and molave. It sits on 16-hectare land owned by Spanish aristocrat don Antonio V. Rocha. It was subsequently sold to Col. José Miguel Formento on November 16, 1802, for a sum of a thousand pesos. Later, it was sold to the government upon his death in January 1825. With its expansive gardens and lazy verandah overlooking the placid <a href="/wiki/Pasig_River" title="Pasig River">Pasig River</a>, Malacañan became the temporary summer home of governors-general, escaping the hectic bustle and unbearable heat of Intramuros.<sup id="cite_ref-ilustracion_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilustracion-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/1863_Manila_earthquake" title="1863 Manila earthquake">earthquake on June 3, 1863</a>, destroyed the <i>Palacio del Gobernador</i>, and thereafter, Malacañang became the governor-general's official residence. <a href="/wiki/Rafa%C3%A9l_de_Echag%C3%BCe_y_Bermingham" title="Rafaél de Echagüe y Bermingham">Rafaél de Echagüe y Bermingham</a>, previously governor of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, became the first Spanish governor-general to reside in the palace. Finding the place too small, he expanded the estate with a wooden two-story addition to the back of the original structure. He also added stables, carriage sheds, a boat landing for river-borne visitors, and smaller buildings for aides, guards, and porters.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>An 1869 earthquake necessitated speedy repairs with more extensive reconstruction and expansion, further undertaken between 1875 and 1879 after subsequent earthquakes, typhoons and a fire caused graver structural damage. Posts and supports were repaired or replaced. Balconies were reinforced. Roofing was replaced with galvanized iron to lighten structural load and cornices were added for additional flair. The interior was also refurbished.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1880, an earthquake occurred, necessitating more repairs. This time, porticos were added to the façade to shelter waiting carriages. In 1885, a flagpole was installed in front of the palace. Decaying woodwork, stuck shell windows, leaking roofs, loose kitchen tiles, and drooped stables were some of the remaining deterioration due to numerous natural phenomena. An additional 22,000 pesos was spent for renovation and reconstruction.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>By the end of Spanish rule in 1898, Malacañang Palace was a rambling complex of mostly wooden buildings that had sliding <a href="/wiki/Capiz_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Capiz shell">capiz</a> windows, patios and azoteas.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_colonial_rule">American colonial rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: American colonial rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malacanang_Palace_facade_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Malacanang_Palace_facade_1910.jpg/220px-Malacanang_Palace_facade_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Malacanang_Palace_facade_1910.jpg/330px-Malacanang_Palace_facade_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Malacanang_Palace_facade_1910.jpg/440px-Malacanang_Palace_facade_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2783" data-file-height="1875" /></a><figcaption>Malacañang Palace Pasig River façade, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910</span></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippine_Island_-_Manila_-_NARA_-_68156573.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Philippine_Island_-_Manila_-_NARA_-_68156573.jpg/220px-Philippine_Island_-_Manila_-_NARA_-_68156573.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Philippine_Island_-_Manila_-_NARA_-_68156573.jpg/330px-Philippine_Island_-_Manila_-_NARA_-_68156573.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Philippine_Island_-_Manila_-_NARA_-_68156573.jpg/440px-Philippine_Island_-_Manila_-_NARA_-_68156573.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6821" data-file-height="5340" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of Malacañang Palace, 1932</figcaption></figure> <p>When the Philippines came under <a href="/wiki/American_Colonial_Period_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Colonial Period (Philippines)">American sovereignty</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>, Malacañang Palace became the residence of the American governors-general, starting with General <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Merritt" title="Wesley Merritt">Wesley Merritt</a>, the first American military governor to reside at the palace in 1898. <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> became the first civil governor to reside there in 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-residents_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-residents-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They and subsequent governors-general continued to improve and enlarge the palace, buying more land and reclaiming more of the Pasig River. Left and right wings were added. An <i>azotea</i> facing the river was joined to the existing <i>azotea</i>. A staircase was transferred to the center of the foyer with galleries built around the stairway where the public could circulate during crowded receptions. The ground floor was raised above the flood line, and workers replaced wood with concrete, beautified the interiors with hardwood panelling and added intricate chandeliers.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commonwealth_Era">Commonwealth Era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Commonwealth Era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_1940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_1940.jpg/220px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_1940.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_1940.jpg/330px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_1940.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_1940.jpg/440px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_1940.jpg 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Malacañang in 1940</figcaption></figure> <p>The complex became the official residence of the president of the Philippines upon the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth of the Philippines</a> on November 15, 1935. President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Manuel L. Quezon</a> became the first Filipino resident of the palace. It has been the Philippine president's official residence ever since. One major improvement addressed during the American period was flood control. Quezon tackled the flooding problem around Malacañang by reclaiming 15 feet of the Pasig River bank and building a concrete wall. He also converted the ground floor (<i>bodega</i>) into a social hall. In addition to that, the Americans used shutters similar to Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Shoji" title="Shoji">shoji</a></i> (made of opalescent shell) to soften the intensity of the tropical sunlight.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a>, recognized as the first Filipino president but of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">revolutionary government</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a></i>, established during the Spanish rule, did not reside but was later taken to the palace by the Americans as a <a href="/wiki/Political_prisoner" title="Political prisoner">political prisoner</a> for a few weeks in 1901 after his capture in <a href="/wiki/Palanan" title="Palanan">Palanan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isabela_(province)" title="Isabela (province)">Isabela</a>. He resided in his private home as president, now the <a href="/wiki/Aguinaldo_Shrine" title="Aguinaldo Shrine">Aguinaldo Shrine</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Kawit" title="Kawit">Kawit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FvfMalacananMuseum9874_14.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/FvfMalacananMuseum9874_14.JPG/220px-FvfMalacananMuseum9874_14.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/FvfMalacananMuseum9874_14.JPG/330px-FvfMalacananMuseum9874_14.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/FvfMalacananMuseum9874_14.JPG/440px-FvfMalacananMuseum9874_14.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Kalayaan hall built during American era.</figcaption></figure> <p>Malacañang Palace survived the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the only major government building left standing after the <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Manila" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing of Manila">Bombing of Manila</a>. Only the southwest side of the palace—which would have been the State Dining Room and its service area—was damaged by shelling.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the Second World War, in 1942, the Japanese turned Malacañang into a gilded prison, having served as the official residence of the Japanese-installed President of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Second Philippine Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jose_P._Laurel" title="Jose P. Laurel">Jose P. Laurel</a>. Quezon moved the seat of government to <a href="/wiki/Corregidor" title="Corregidor">Corregidor</a>, the headquarters of General <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Efforts_of_Macapagal">Efforts of Macapagal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Efforts of Macapagal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the time President <a href="/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagal" title="Diosdado Macapagal">Diosdado Macapagal</a> moved to the palace, it required immense repair and restoration works. His wife, <a href="/wiki/Eva_Macapagal" title="Eva Macapagal">Eva Macapagal</a>, initiated a massive beautification project that drove sidewalk vendors away from the grounds and turned muddy areas into landscaped gardens. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_years">Later years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The longest residents of the palace were President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Imelda_Marcos" title="Imelda Marcos">Imelda</a>, who resided there from December 1965 to February 1986. </p><p>On January 30, 1970, four days after the <a href="/wiki/1970_Marcos_State_of_the_Nation_Address_protest" title="1970 Marcos State of the Nation Address protest">fifth State of the Nation Address (SONA) of Pres. Marcos</a>, student activists were able to <a href="/wiki/First_Quarter_Storm" title="First Quarter Storm">storm Gate 4 of the palace with a captured fire truck</a> and threw stones and molotovs into the buildings and palace grounds before the Presidential Guards Battalion came out in full force and repulsed the militants.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later reports would state that damages to property reached between P500,000 and P1 million.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In combination with rising civil unrest, <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_the_Philippines" title="Martial law in the Philippines">Martial Law</a> <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_%E2%84%96_1081" class="mw-redirect" title="Proclamation № 1081">was declared</a> in 1972 and the palace complex and its surrounding neighborhood was closed to the public. </p><p>The Pasig River had developed a foul odor by the 1970s and became a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Between 1978 and 1979, Imelda Marcos oversaw the reconstruction of the palace. The palace was expanded with the façades on all four sides moved forward. The presidential quarters were enlarged on the front along <a href="/wiki/J.P._Laurel_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="J.P. Laurel Street">J.P. Laurel Street</a>, destroying the small garden and driveway leading to the private entrance, while a new dining room and expanded guest suites were built on the main entrance front. On the side facing the river, the Ceremonial Hall was built to replace the <i>azoteas</i>, veranda and pavilion. A larger presidential bedroom was constructed on the remaining side, with a disco at roof level. The layout of the old rooms was retained, although the rooms themselves were enlarged and new bedroom suites inserted in what had been part of the garden.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PHL_1973_MiNr1084_pm_B002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/PHL_1973_MiNr1084_pm_B002.jpg/220px-PHL_1973_MiNr1084_pm_B002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/PHL_1973_MiNr1084_pm_B002.jpg/330px-PHL_1973_MiNr1084_pm_B002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/PHL_1973_MiNr1084_pm_B002.jpg/440px-PHL_1973_MiNr1084_pm_B002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1654" data-file-height="1173" /></a><figcaption>1973 commemorative stamp of the issue "Presidential Palace in Manila"; with a view of the palace frontage and the portraits of President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Imelda_Marcos" title="Imelda Marcos">Imelda Marcos</a> (as First Lady of the Philippines)</figcaption></figure> <p>The old palace was gutted almost entirely, not only to meet the needs of the presidential family, but also because the buildings had been weakened by patch up renovations over a century that had resulted in unstable floors and leaking roofs. The building was now made of poured concrete, concrete slabs, steel girders and trusses, all concealed under ornate hardwood floors, panels and ceilings. It was fully bullet-proofed, cooled by central air-conditioning with filters, and had an independent power supply. Architect Jorge Ramos oversaw the reconstruction, which was closely supervised by Imelda Marcos. The refurbished palace was inaugurated on May 1, 1979–the Marcos' silver wedding anniversary.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several changes were implemented to further beautify Malacañang Palace. The servants' quarters building (now the Premier Guest House) was transformed, and the veranda overlooking the Pasig River was walled up to become the new Maharlika Hall. Across the river, a guest house was constructed. It was situated on the grounds of Malacañang Golf Club and was called Bahay Pangarap (Dream House).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>When Marcos was overthrown in the 1986 <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a>, the palace complex was stormed by protesters who roamed the grounds. The international media subsequently exposed the excesses of the Marcos family that the latter had left at the palace before fleeing to <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, including Imelda's infamous collection of thousands of shoes. Some of these excesses included 15 square feet of a sunken bathtub with a mirrored ceiling and an altar with a 19th-century religious statuary of ivory with gold-embroidered robes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The main palace was later reopened to the public and was converted into a museum for three years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In an effort to distance herself from her predecessor, President Corazon Aquino chose to live in the nearby Arlegui Mansion but held government affairs in the Executive Building. Her successor, President <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Ramos" class="mw-redirect" title="Fidel Ramos">Fidel Ramos</a>, followed suit. After the <a href="/wiki/EDSA_Revolution_of_2001" title="EDSA Revolution of 2001">Second EDSA Revolution</a>, security in the palace was tightened due to attempts against the government. Ramos' wife, <a href="/wiki/Amelita_Ramos" title="Amelita Ramos">Amelita Ramos</a>, restored Bahay Pangarap, which became an extension of the Malacañang Ceremonial Hall. The chapel was also retained, despite Ramos being a Protestant. </p><p>President <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a>, who had once resided in Malacañang during the term of her late father, President Diosdado Macapagal, chose to live again in the main palace after her accession in 2001.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Former presidents <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> and president <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> chose to reside in the <i>Bahay Pangarap</i> (renamed <i>Bahay ng Pagbabago</i> or <i>Bahay Pagbabago</i><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buildings">Buildings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malacañang_Palace"><span id="Malaca.C3.B1ang_Palace"></span>Malacañang Palace</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Malacañang Palace"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malacañang Palace is the main palace and the most recognizable building in the complex. It contains 10 current main existing halls, some restored from historical times. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Entrance_Halls">Entrance Halls</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Entrance Halls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Official visitors to Malacañang Palace use the Entrance Hall. Its floor and walls are of beige Philippine <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">marble</a>. Straight from the entrance hall are the doors to the Grand Staircase leading to the state reception rooms. To its left is the Palace Chapel and the passage to the right leads to Heroes Hall.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The doors leading to the Grand Staircase depict the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_mythology" title="Philippine mythology">Philippine mythology</a> of <i>Malakas</i> (Strong) and <i>Maganda</i> (Beautiful), the first Filipino man and woman, who emerged from a large bamboo stalk. The present resin doors were installed in 1979, replacing wrought iron and painted glass doors from the American period depicting <a href="/wiki/Lapu-Lapu" class="mw-redirect" title="Lapu-Lapu">Lapu-Lapu</a> and the other Mactan chieftains who felled <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Ferdinand Magellan</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A pair of lions used to stand guard on each side of the doors to the Grand Staircase. The lions were originally at the <a href="/wiki/Vestibule_(architecture)" title="Vestibule (architecture)">vestibule</a> of the Ayuntamiento Building in Intramuros. They were apparently discarded during the 1978–79 renovations. Wooden benches dating back to the American regime that were in the Hall were transferred to the private entrance that lead directly to the living quarters of the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Heroes_Hall">Heroes Hall</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Heroes Hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the Entrance Hall, viewers walk through a mirrored passage hung with about 40 small paintings of famous Filipinos painted in 1940 by Florentino Macabuhay. The adjoining large room was originally the Social Hall, intended for informal gatherings. It was renamed Heroes Hall by First Lady Eva Macapagal, who commissioned <a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Tolentino" title="Guillermo Tolentino">Guillermo Tolentino</a> to sculpt busts of <a href="/wiki/National_hero_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="National hero of the Philippines">national heroes</a>. </p><p>In 1998, the National Centennial Commission installed three large paintings specially commissioned for the place. The one in the vestibule is by Carlos Valino, while the two others are by a group of artists headed by Karen Flores and Elmer Borlongan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The painting in the vestibule is chronologically the second of the three, depicting events of the Propaganda Movement (led by <a href="/wiki/Marcelo_H._Del_Pilar" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcelo H. Del Pilar">Marcelo H. Del Pilar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal" title="José Rizal">José Rizal</a>, and others) and the Philippine Revolution from the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a> by <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio" title="Andrés Bonifacio">Andrés Bonifacio</a>, to the sewing of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Philippines" title="Flag of the Philippines">Philippine flag</a>, the Proclamation of Independence at Kawit, and the <a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a>. At Heroes Hall itself are the other two paintings. </p><p>For viewers entering from the vestibule, the painting on the left shows key events from the earliest times (arrival of the ancient Filipinos and the Manunggul Jar) through Lapu-Lapu and the death of Magellan, the Moro resistance to Spanish rule, the Basi Revolt, and <a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Silang" title="Gabriela Silang">Gabriela Silang</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/1872_Cavite_mutiny" title="1872 Cavite mutiny">1872 martyrdom of the priests Gomez, Burgos and Zamora</a>. </p><p>The painting on the right begins with the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tirad_Pass" title="Battle of Tirad Pass">Battle of Tirad Pass</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_del_Pilar" title="Gregorio del Pilar">Gregorio del Pilar</a> and other events of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Philippine–American War</a>, the Independence Movement under <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Sergio Osmeña">Osmeña</a> and Quezon, events of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Japanese occupation</a>, and the presidents of the Philippines all the way to the Marcoses, President Corazon Aquino, and President Fidel V. Ramos.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Hall, as large as the Ceremonial Hall directly above, received a mirrored ceiling in 1979 and for the rest of the Marcos era was used not only for meetings and informal gatherings but also for state dinners in honor of visiting heads of state. Dinner was usually followed by a cultural presentation, after which formal toasts were offered by the president and the guest of honor.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Grand_Staircase">Grand Staircase</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Grand Staircase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quezon_Staircase.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Quezon_Staircase.jpg/220px-Quezon_Staircase.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Quezon_Staircase.jpg/330px-Quezon_Staircase.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Quezon_Staircase.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="276" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Manuel L. Quezon</a> ascending at the Malacañang Palace Grand Staircase</figcaption></figure> <p>Past the Malakas and Maganda doors of the Entrance Hall is the Grand Staircase, made of the finest Philippine hardwood and carpeted in red. Its walls are made of tiny pieces of wood, assembled to simulate <i>sawali</i> panels. These were put up in 1979 replacing the <a href="/wiki/Stucco" title="Stucco">stucco</a> and hardwood panels. At the top of the stairs is the landing that serves as vestibule to the Reception Hall. </p><p>The Spanish and American governors-general and Philippine presidents and their visitors used this staircase. The staircase was narrower before the Marcos reconstruction. There is a story that José Rizal's mother, Teodora Alonzo, went up these stairs on her knees to beg the Governor General <a href="/wiki/Camilo_Polavieja" class="mw-redirect" title="Camilo Polavieja">Camilo Polavieja</a> for her son's life.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A legacy of the Spanish regime are unsigned portraits of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquistador" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish conquistador">Spanish conquistadores</a> <a href="/wiki/Hernando_Cort%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="Hernando Cortés">Hernando Cortés</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_del_Cano" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian del Cano">Sebastian del Cano</a>, Ferdinand Magellan, and <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a>, hanging at the balcony around the stairs. At the end of the balcony a harvest scene by <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Amorsolo" title="Fernando Amorsolo">Fernando Amorsolo</a> hangs.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A large painting of <a href="/wiki/Nereids" title="Nereids">Nereids</a> (sea nymphs) by noted Spanish artist <a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Sorolla" title="Joaquín Sorolla">Joaquín Sorolla</a> used to hang in place of the Luna. A case of Marcos war medals, subsequently alleged to be fake, took its place towards the end of the Marcos regime. The case continued to be on display, empty, for some years thereafter.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pope_Francis_Malacanang_35.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pope_Francis_Malacanang_35.jpg/220px-Pope_Francis_Malacanang_35.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pope_Francis_Malacanang_35.jpg/330px-Pope_Francis_Malacanang_35.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pope_Francis_Malacanang_35.jpg/440px-Pope_Francis_Malacanang_35.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="724" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a> witnesses as <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> signs the palace guestbook, the 'Blood Compact' painting in the background.</figcaption></figure> <p>To the left, as viewers reach the top of the stairs, is the famous <a href="/wiki/El_Pacto_de_Sangre" class="mw-redirect" title="El Pacto de Sangre">'The Blood Compact'</a>, painted by <a href="/wiki/Juan_Luna" title="Juan Luna">Juan Luna</a> in 1886, still in its original carved frame. It was given to the government in return for the artist's scholarship in Spain. The door on the left leads to the private quarters of the presidential families. This wing contained the private dining and living rooms and two guest suites, used for meetings and waiting rooms between 1986 and 2001, while presidents Corazon Aquino and Fidel Ramos lived at the Arlegui Guest House and President <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Estrada" title="Joseph Estrada">Estrada</a> lived at the Premier Guest House. President Arroyo and her family lived in this wing. The door straight ahead leads to a corridor that surrounds the inner court within the private quarters.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Reception_Hall">Reception Hall</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Reception Hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Reception_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/The_Reception_Hall.jpg/220px-The_Reception_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/The_Reception_Hall.jpg/330px-The_Reception_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/The_Reception_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Reception Hall of Malacañang Palace</figcaption></figure> <p>Visitors assemble in this room prior to a program or state function at the Ceremonial Hall beyond, or while waiting to be received by the president or the first lady at the Study Room or the Music Room to its left, or before entering the State Dining Room on the right.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This room was the largest in the palace before the 1979 renovation. The most prominent features of the Reception Hall are the three large Czech chandeliers bought in 1937 by President Quezon. During the Second World War, they were carefully disassembled prism by prism and hidden for safe-keeping. They were taken out and reassembled after the war.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Official portraits of all Philippine presidents are on the walls, from Emilio Aguinaldo, president of the <a href="/wiki/Malolos_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Malolos Republic">Malolos Republic</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a>, painted by Fernando Amorsolo, García Llamas and other noted artists. The first portrait of President Arroyo in this hall was a photograph taken by Rupert Jacinto. That of President Fidel Ramos is unique on three counts – it is on a <a href="/wiki/Narra_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Narra tree">narra</a> plank rather than on canvas, the likeness as well as the decorations along the sides are painstakingly singed on the wood, and it was a gift of the artist, Gaycer Masilang, a prisoner serving a life sentence.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>An elaborate ceiling was installed in the 1930s, carved by noted sculptor Isabelo Tampingco who depicted vases of flowers against a lattice background. Large mirrors, gilt sofas and armchairs, and Chinese bronze pedestals holding plant and flower arrangements decorate the Hall. The Tampingco woodwork was curved and in some eyes gave the room a coffin shape. This is supposedly why in the 1979 renovation, the Tampingcos were replaced with two facing balconies.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rizal_Ceremonial_Hall">Rizal Ceremonial Hall</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Rizal Ceremonial Hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Marcos_and_US_President_Johnson_at_the_SEATO_Conference_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_in_1966.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/President_Marcos_and_US_President_Johnson_at_the_SEATO_Conference_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_in_1966.jpg/220px-President_Marcos_and_US_President_Johnson_at_the_SEATO_Conference_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_in_1966.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/President_Marcos_and_US_President_Johnson_at_the_SEATO_Conference_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_in_1966.jpg/330px-President_Marcos_and_US_President_Johnson_at_the_SEATO_Conference_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_in_1966.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/President_Marcos_and_US_President_Johnson_at_the_SEATO_Conference_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_in_1966.jpg/440px-President_Marcos_and_US_President_Johnson_at_the_SEATO_Conference_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_in_1966.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4964" data-file-height="3320" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> presiding over a meeting during the Manila Conference of <a href="/wiki/SEATO" class="mw-redirect" title="SEATO">SEATO</a> nations</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_during_an_oath-taking_ceremony_of_new_officials_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_during_an_oath-taking_ceremony_of_new_officials_1.jpg/220px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_during_an_oath-taking_ceremony_of_new_officials_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_during_an_oath-taking_ceremony_of_new_officials_1.jpg/330px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_during_an_oath-taking_ceremony_of_new_officials_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_during_an_oath-taking_ceremony_of_new_officials_1.jpg/440px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_during_an_oath-taking_ceremony_of_new_officials_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> speaks before the audience during an oath-taking ceremony of new officials in October 2016.</figcaption></figure> <p>This room, also known as the ballroom, is the largest in the palace today. It is used for state dinners and large assemblies, notably the mass oath takings of public officials begun by President Ramos. The upholstered benches are lined up for guests on such occasions. When the room is used for state dinners, the benches are removed and round tables are set in place. Orchestras sometimes play from the minstrels' galleries at two ends of the hall.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three large wood and glass chandeliers illuminate the Hall. Carved and installed in 1979 by the famous Juan Flores of Betis, <a href="/wiki/Pampanga" title="Pampanga">Pampanga</a>, the chandeliers are masterpieces of Philippine artistry in wood.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The hall used to be much smaller and was in effect merely an extension of the Reception Hall. It had a concave ceiling similar to those of old Philippine homes, and glass doors opening to verandas on three sides overlooking the Pasig River and Malacañang Park. Many an al fresco party was held here, with round tables set on the <i>azoteas</i> and verandah for dinner and the Ceremonial Hall, doors thrown open, cleared for dancing. Fireworks lit the skies promptly at midnight from the park across the river at New Year's Eve parties. The <i>azoteas</i> (covered <a href="/wiki/Patio" title="Patio">patios</a>), <a href="/wiki/Veranda" title="Veranda">verandas</a> and the intimate pavilion in the middle were combined in 1979 into the present enormous Ceremonial Hall.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A recurring palace ritual is the <a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_credentials" class="mw-redirect" title="Presentation of credentials">presentation of credentials</a> when a new ambassador arrives. During the Marcos administration and prior to the 1979 renovation, new ambassadors presented their credentials in a ceremony. A flourish of trumpets accompanied the arriving ambassador as he mounted the Grand Staircase and marched the full length of the Reception Hall. The yellow-gold curtains to the old Ceremonial Hall were parted to reveal the president standing alone at the far end, with members of the Cabinet lined up on the left. The ambassador presented his documents of credence to the president, who handed them to the foreign secretary. The president then delivered his welcome speech and offered a champagne toast to the head of state of the ambassador's home country. The ambassador then delivered his response, offered a toast to the president, and after small talk, left in another burst of trumpets.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Presidents Corazon Aquino and Ramos were less formal, receiving new ambassadors in the Music Room without ceremony. The old rituals were revived by President Estrada. Am arriving diplomat disembarks from his car at General Solano Street and boards what the presidential staff calls a "chariot", a luxurious open jeep where the occupant stands on a red carpet holding onto a stout bar while progressing up J.P. Laurel Street to the palace grounds. He receives military honors in the garden outside the main entrance and to fanfare, is escorted up to the Reception Hall. He marches through two columns of guards in gala uniform to present his credentials to the waiting president.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="State_Dining_Room">State Dining Room</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: State Dining Room"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meeting_of_the_Marcoses_and_the_Nixons_in_1969_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Meeting_of_the_Marcoses_and_the_Nixons_in_1969_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace.jpg/220px-Meeting_of_the_Marcoses_and_the_Nixons_in_1969_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Meeting_of_the_Marcoses_and_the_Nixons_in_1969_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace.jpg/330px-Meeting_of_the_Marcoses_and_the_Nixons_in_1969_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Meeting_of_the_Marcoses_and_the_Nixons_in_1969_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace.jpg/440px-Meeting_of_the_Marcoses_and_the_Nixons_in_1969_at_the_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> during a state dinner hosted by <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippine</a> President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The State Dining Room is used mainly for Cabinet meetings. Before the 1935–37 renovations, this room was the ballroom of the palace. This is where presidents dined with state guests and official visitors. A long adjustable table could accommodate up to about fifty guests. The president would sit at the center of the table and the first lady across from him. The finest glassware (Irish <a href="/wiki/Waterford_Crystal" title="Waterford Crystal">Waterford</a> and French <a href="/wiki/St._Gobain" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Gobain">St. Gobain</a>) and china (<a href="/wiki/Limoges_porcelain" title="Limoges porcelain">Limoges</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meissen_porcelain" title="Meissen porcelain">Meissen</a>) in the collection were brought out on special occasions. The chandeliers are Spanish, from the Ayuntamiento Building in Manila, as are the gilded mirrors installed within since the Spanish regime.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Two paintings dominate the room. The larger is a fiesta scene by <a href="/wiki/National_Artist_of_the_Philippines" title="National Artist of the Philippines">National Artist</a> Carlos "Botong" Francisco – a pair of <i><a href="/wiki/Tinikling" title="Tinikling">tinikling</a></i> dancers, a serenade, churchgoers, boatmen, and other vignettes of rural life. Commissioned for the <a href="/wiki/Manila_Hotel" title="Manila Hotel">Manila Hotel</a>, it originally hung in one of the hotel lobbies but was transferred to Malacañang Palace in 1975. The other painting is an early Amorsolo rural scene.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The room was widened and a mirrored ceiling installed in 1979. Previously, there was a long dining table at center and the decorations consisted of heavy crimson velvet curtains, large gilded mirrors and elaborate chandeliers. </p><p>Beyond is a smaller room just as long but narrower than the dining room called the Viewing Room. The room was intended for Cabinet meetings and film showings. The room proved rather small and was rarely used as such. It was more frequently used to hold buffets for people meeting in the State Dining Room. Another result of the 1979 renovation, this room occupies what was before a veranda overlooking the palace driveway and garden.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The State Dining Room is also where Emilio Aguinaldo was kept prisoner after his capture by the Americans in Palanán, Isabela in 1901. In his autobiography <i>The Good Fight</i>, Manuel L. Quezon wrote that "in April 1901, I had walked down the slopes of Mariveles Mountain, a defeated soldier, emaciated from hunger and lingering illness, to place myself at the mercy of the American Army." Quezon, suffering from <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>, was also instructed to verify that Aguinaldo had in fact been captured. In Quezon's words, </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I was ushered into the office of General Arthur MacArthur, the father of the hero of the Battle of the Philippines. ... [The interpreter]... told General MacArthur in English what I had said in Spanish, namely, that I was instructed by General Mascardo to find out if General Aguinaldo had been captured. The American General, who stood erect and towered over my head, raised his hand without saying a word and pointing to the room across the hall, made a motion for me to go in there. Trembling with emotion, I slowly walked through the hall toward the room hoping against hope that I would find no one inside. At the door two American soldiers in uniform, with gloves and bayonets, stood on guard. As I entered the room, I saw General Aguinaldo the man whom I had considered as the personification of my own beloved country, the man whom I had seen at the height of his glory surrounded by generals and soldiers, statesmen and politicians, the rich and the poor, respected and honored by all. I now saw that same man alone in a room, a prisoner of war! It is impossible for me to describe what I felt, but as I write these lines, forty-two years later, my heart throbs as fast as it did then. I felt that the whole world had crumbled; that all my hopes and dreams for my country were gone forever! It took me some time before I could collect myself, but finally, I was able to say in Tagalog, almost in a whisper, to my General: Good evening, Mr. President.</p></blockquote><p><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Presidential_Study">Presidential Study</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Presidential Study"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Magsaysay_at_his_study_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c.1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/President_Magsaysay_at_his_study_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c.1953.jpg/220px-President_Magsaysay_at_his_study_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c.1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/President_Magsaysay_at_his_study_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c.1953.jpg/330px-President_Magsaysay_at_his_study_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c.1953.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/President_Magsaysay_at_his_study_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c.1953.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="288" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay" title="Ramon Magsaysay">Ramon Magsaysay</a> (1953–1957) at the Presidential Study, Malacañang Palace</figcaption></figure> <p>The Presidential Study is the official office of the president, equivalent to the United States' <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a> of the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>. Formerly known as the Rizal Room, this is where presidents from Quezon to Marcos and then Ramos received their daily stream of callers. It is currently on the second floor of the palace itself, while the old Executive Office at Kalayaan Hall (the old Executive Building) has been renamed the Quezon Executive Office.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The presidential desk is the same in use since the Commonwealth of the Philippines. It was used by all presidents from Quezon to Marcos, who use it officially until 1978 when he used his private study. Marcos had an ornately carved top added to the desk in 1969. It was restored by President Ramos, used by President Joseph Estrada, and restored once more by President Arroyo. She made the study into a conference room with the Council of State table of the Commonwealth as centerpiece, until she finally restored the room to its original function as the president's office.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a large chandelier in the study from the 1935–1937 renovations. Behind the presidential study is a small conference room called the Study Conference Room.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Music_Room">Music Room</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Music Room"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PH26-071316-JAL6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/PH26-071316-JAL6.jpg/220px-PH26-071316-JAL6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/PH26-071316-JAL6.jpg/330px-PH26-071316-JAL6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/PH26-071316-JAL6.jpg/440px-PH26-071316-JAL6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption>2016-2022 President <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> looks at a bust sculpture of composer <a href="/wiki/Nicanor_Abelardo" title="Nicanor Abelardo">Nicanor Abelardo</a> at the Music Room.</figcaption></figure> <p>The room's usage changed over the years. It started as a bedroom during the American period before being turned to a library and reception room during the Commonwealth; after the war, it eventually became the Music Room. First ladies customarily received callers in this room. A <a href="/wiki/Juan_Luna" title="Juan Luna">Luna</a> masterpiece, '<a href="/wiki/Una_Bulaque%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Una Bulaqueña">Una Bulaqueña</a>' used to hang above the grand piano. 'A Cellist,' painted by Miguel Zaragoza, hangs as its pendant across the room above the sofa. The wall niches now hold Chinese trees and flowers made of semi-precious stones, where there used to be <a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Tolentino" title="Guillermo Tolentino">Guillermo Tolentino</a> sculptures representing the different fine arts and later, large Ming and Qing porcelain vases. A supposed <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a>, a stone head, was once in the room.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Imelda Marcos decorated the room in mint green. She would sit on the antique French sofa and the visitors on the armchairs. On rare occasions, small concerts were held here, featuring famous Filipino and foreign musicians.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The room immediately behind the Music Room was set up by Imelda Marcos as her office. It later became President Fidel Ramos' private office. The room beyond was originally a small sitting room and was converted by President Joseph Estrada into his own office. President Arroyo decided to use the room as her office at first. Today, the room is used by the president to receive visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Private_quarters">Private quarters</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Private quarters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>New presidential couples took their pick of the available bedrooms, each President frequently avoiding the bedroom of his predecessor. </p><p>A president with many children or grandchildren usually had problems, particularly when a foreign head of state arrived, expecting to be invited to stay in the palace, such as when Indonesian President <a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> visited President <a href="/wiki/Elpidio_Quirino" title="Elpidio Quirino">Quirino</a> shortly after the war, like many personalities who have stayed beforehand in Malacañang over the years. It is recounted that the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a>, later King <a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward VIII</a>, dropped by in the 1920s to play polo.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> American and Asian heads of state have stayed at Malacañang Palace on visits to Manila. </p><p>With three grown children, leaky roofs, noisy air conditioners, and cramped space, the Marcos family decided to expand the palace in 1978. The bedrooms of the president and the first lady were enlarged and suites were built for their children <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Ferdinand, Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imee_Marcos" title="Imee Marcos">Imee</a>, Irene, and their niece Aimee. The private living room was expanded and the entire private quarters generally added to or enlarged resulting in the present-day structure.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bedroom_Suites">Bedroom Suites</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bedroom Suites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The bedroom suites open from the former private dining room, between which is a small sky-lit room that used to be a courtyard. These are furnished with large <a href="/wiki/Canopy_bed" title="Canopy bed">canopy beds</a>, gilded wardrobes and the like. The King's Room leads to the balcony over the main entrance, from which <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> blessed a waiting crowd during his 1981 Philippine visit and which President Arroyo has said was her bedroom as the young daughter of President Diosdado Macapagal.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The rooms are large, furnished expensively, and impressive, but are not quite the stupendous rooms that 'in comparison make Versailles Palace look like a hovel,' as a foreign observer declared. </p><p>The Spanish-period Malacañang Palace probably centered on the small, open-roofed inner court that leads to all areas of the private quarters. The rooms opening to the Grand Staircase were the Dining and Living Rooms and guest suites of the Marcos period. These became meeting rooms during the Ramos and Estrada administrations and reverted to being the private quarters of the presidential family under President Arroyo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Reception_Room">Reception Room</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Reception Room"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This was the family dining room of Presidential families until the 1979 renovation. It used to have a magnificent <a href="/wiki/Coffer" title="Coffer">coffer</a> ceiling in the Filipino-Spanish style. The famous painting of Fabián de la Rosa, <i>Planting Rice</i>, used to hang on one wall. Other paintings, notably those by Fernando Amorsolo, were here and in the adjoining room. </p><p>The room beyond was used by the Marcos family variously as a private living room and a chapel. It became Meeting Room No. 1 in the Corazon Aquino, Ramos, and Estrada presidencies. A large <a href="/wiki/Botong_Francisco" title="Botong Francisco">Botong Francisco</a> painting of dancers is on one wall. Brought from the Manila Hotel, this artwork is a pair to the one in the State Dining Room. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Discothèque"><span id="Discoth.C3.A8que"></span>Discothèque</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Discothèque"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The third floor added in 1979 has a roof garden and a <a href="/wiki/Discoth%C3%A8que" class="mw-redirect" title="Discothèque">discothèque</a>. Reached by elevator, the disco is immediately above President Marcos' bedroom. It was complete with strobe and infinity lights, fog equipment, and the latest in music equipment then. A wide waterfall-fountain plays on the terrace outside the disco and steps lead up to a rooftop helipad. It has apparently been disused since 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the Macapagal-Arroyo administration, it was renovated into a music hall.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paranormal_activity">Paranormal activity</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Paranormal activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alleged paranormal activity has been reported as occurring in the palace, including one that some identified to be the long deceased valet of President Quezon, who occasionally ministered to favored guests.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kalayaan_Hall">Kalayaan Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Kalayaan Hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kalayaan_Hall" title="Kalayaan Hall">Kalayaan Hall</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FvfMalacanangManila0087_31.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/FvfMalacanangManila0087_31.JPG/220px-FvfMalacanangManila0087_31.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/FvfMalacanangManila0087_31.JPG/330px-FvfMalacanangManila0087_31.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/FvfMalacanangManila0087_31.JPG/440px-FvfMalacanangManila0087_31.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Kalayaan Hall</figcaption></figure> <p>The old Executive Building, now <i>Kalayaan Hall</i>, has become the oldest structure of the Palace compound after the 1978 demolition and reconstruction of the main Palace building. It was built in 1921 by Governor-General <a href="/wiki/Francis_Burton_Harrison" title="Francis Burton Harrison">Francis Burton Harrison</a>. Once the primary office building in the Palace complex until the end of Ramon Magsaysay's presidency, it was renovated and named Maharlika Hall in the 1970s. Subsequently, it came to be known as Kalayaan Hall after <a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> became President in 1986 to commemorate the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Presidential_Museum_and_Library">Presidential Museum and Library</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Presidential Museum and Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Museum_and_Library_(Philippines)" title="Presidential Museum and Library (Philippines)">Presidential Museum and Library (Philippines)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FvfMuseumMalacanan9748_43.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/FvfMuseumMalacanan9748_43.JPG/220px-FvfMuseumMalacanan9748_43.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/FvfMuseumMalacanan9748_43.JPG/330px-FvfMuseumMalacanan9748_43.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/FvfMuseumMalacanan9748_43.JPG/440px-FvfMuseumMalacanan9748_43.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Presidential Museum walkway</figcaption></figure> <p>The Presidential Museum and Library, formerly Malacañang Museum, the official repository of memorabilia of the president of the Philippines, is located in Kalayaan Hall. It was established in 2004 when the Presidential Museum and Malacañang Library were merged into the Malacañang Museum, then renamed to its present name in 2010. The Gallery of Presidents features exhibits and galleries showcasing the heritage of the presidents beginning from Emilio Aguinaldo to the present. It is composed of objects and memorabilia – including clothing, personal effects, gifts, publications and documents of former presidents as well as the artwork and furniture from the palace collections.<sup id="cite_ref-presmus&lib_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presmus&lib-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Former_Presidential_Museum">Former Presidential Museum</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Former Presidential Museum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to 2004, the Presidential Museum was a distinct entity from the Malacañang Library. The Quezon, Osmeña, Roxas, Quirino, Magsaysay, and García Rooms of the Presidential Museum under the Ramos and Estrada administrations occupied the suites formerly allotted to the Marcos children (Ferdinand, Jr., Imee and Irene) which open from the inner court corridor. Most of these rooms were added in 1978 when the José P. Laurel Street in front of the palace was moved forward.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Executive_Building">New Executive Building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: New Executive Building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2337_08.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2337_08.JPG/220px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2337_08.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2337_08.JPG/330px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2337_08.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2337_08.JPG/440px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2337_08.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The New Executive Building reconstructed during Cory Aquino's presidency</figcaption></figure> <p>On the other side of the palace grounds, beyond the president's residence is the New Executive Building. This was the administration building of <a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_Corporation" title="San Miguel Corporation">San Miguel Corporation</a> until it was bought by the government. President Manuel L. Quezon first proposed the purchase of the nearby San Miguel Brewery as additional office space in 1936. President Ferdinand E. Marcos initiated plans to transform it into an integral part of the palace, the former San Miguel Brewery buildings were demolished upon the expansion in 1978–79, paving way to a park near the San Miguel Church. However, it was in 1989 under President Corazon C. Aquino that its reconstruction and refurbishing as the New Executive Building took place.<sup id="cite_ref-NewExe_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewExe-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2333_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2333_02.JPG/220px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2333_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2333_02.JPG/330px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2333_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2333_02.JPG/440px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2333_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Bahay Ugnayan</i>, a Spanish colonial house now used as an office</figcaption></figure> <p>Its architectural elements deliberately pay homage to the palace of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Republic_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Republic of the Philippines">Third Republic of the Philippines</a>. Its utilitarian nature, however, made possible much needed additional administrative space, although its newness and lack of proximity to the palace led to the resumption of the use of the palace itself by Aquino's successors, Presidents Ramos and Estrada. Currently, it houses the Office of the Presidential Spokesperson, Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office, Presidential Communications Operations Office, and the Malacañang Press Briefing Room.<sup id="cite_ref-NewExe_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewExe-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Across the street is a Spanish colonial period house, renamed as <i>Bahay Ugnayan</i> (Ugnayan House), that became the office of Presidential Complaint Center and the <a href="/wiki/8888_(Philippines)" title="8888 (Philippines)">8888</a> Citizens' Complaint Center.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It now serves as a museum for Marcos Jr. and his campaign to presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mabini_Hall">Mabini Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Mabini Hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_08.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_08.JPG/220px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_08.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_08.JPG/330px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_08.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_08.JPG/440px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_08.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The Mabini Hall houses the offices of the Executive Secretary and presidential assistants and advisers</figcaption></figure> <p>The current Administration Building or Mabini Hall on Ycaza Street is the large structure to the left upon entering Gate 4. It began as the Budget Building upon the creation of the Budget Commission (now the Department of Budget and Management) in 1936. After World War II, it temporarily housed the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a>, as the <i>Ayuntamiento</i> building was destroyed during the Battle for Manila in February 1945. After the war, it was later expanded with wings and top floors added. It houses the office of the executive secretary, some units of the Department of Budget and Management, and offices of presidential assistants and advisers. Some offices in this building, particularly those of the Office of Media Affairs, were invaded by an unruly mob on the evening of February 25, 1986, during the storming of Malacañang that capped the People Power Revolution. After it was gutted in a fire in 1992, plans to demolish it and build a high-rise building in its place were completely dropped due to budgetary constraints. President <a href="/wiki/Fidel_V._Ramos" title="Fidel V. Ramos">Fidel V. Ramos</a> supervised its reconstruction into a spartan but well-ventilated and lit office complex, and renamed it <i>Mabini Hall</i>, after <a href="/wiki/Apolinario_Mabini" title="Apolinario Mabini">Apolinario Mabini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bonifacio_Hall">Bonifacio Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Bonifacio Hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Premier Guest House (now Bonifacio Hall), the glass-fronted building across the garden from the palace's main entrance, was originally built by the American governors-general as servants' quarters to screen off Malacañang from the brewery (San Miguel) next door. The building was remodeled into the Premier Guest House in 1975 for use during the IMF-World Bank Boards of Governors Meeting.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The building, separate from the palace itself, became the temporary residence of the Marcos family while the main palace was being reconstructed in 1978–1979, when repairs were made to the palace after a fire in 1982, and when the air purification system was being improved in 1983. President Corazon C. Aquino used this building as her office from 1986 to 1992. The Ramos administration relegated this building to secondary status despite its integration into the New Executive Building. It was renovated in 1998 as a residence and office for President Joseph Estrada and his family. The bedroom of Estrada and his wife was on the second floor, where President Marcos' bedroom and President Corazon Aquino's office were. President Estrada's office was on the ground floor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The front of the building facing the garden is a two-story high reception area, with a staircase in the center that leads to the corridor above. The president's office was on the ground floor, near the stairs. On the floor above were bedrooms and the family dining room. </p><p>In 2003, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo renamed this building <i>Bonifacio Hall</i> in honor of Andrés Bonifacio. The private office of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Noynoy_Aquino" class="mw-redirect" title="Noynoy Aquino">Benigno S. Aquino III</a> was located at the Aquino Room in Bonifacio Hall. After the building's structural integrity was called into question, Aquino's office was temporarily moved to the Presidential Study on June 21, 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-PNoyPalaceOffice_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PNoyPalaceOffice-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malacañang_Park_and_Bahay_Pangulo"><span id="Malaca.C3.B1ang_Park_and_Bahay_Pangulo"></span>Malacañang Park and Bahay Pangulo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Malacañang Park and Bahay Pangulo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Park" title="Malacañang Park">Malacañang Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bahay_Pangulo" title="Bahay Pangulo">Bahay Pangulo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WTMP_Team_Waka_Waka_C-6.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/WTMP_Team_Waka_Waka_C-6.JPG/220px-WTMP_Team_Waka_Waka_C-6.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/WTMP_Team_Waka_Waka_C-6.JPG/330px-WTMP_Team_Waka_Waka_C-6.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/WTMP_Team_Waka_Waka_C-6.JPG/440px-WTMP_Team_Waka_Waka_C-6.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Gate of the <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Park" title="Malacañang Park">Malacañang Park</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Malacañang Park, directly across the river from Malacañang Palace, adjoins the Mabini Shrine and the former quarters of the Presidential Security Command and of the National Intelligence and Security Agency. It features a Recreation Hall, a small golf course and the guesthouse <i>Bahay Pangarap</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The park was created when the rice fields and grasslands of <a href="/wiki/Pandacan,_Manila" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandacan, Manila">Pandacan</a> on the south bank of the Pasig River were acquired on orders of President Quezon in 1936–1937. Intended as a recreational retreat, it contained three buildings: a recreation hall used for official entertaining, a community assembly hall for conferences with local government officials, and a rest house (now the <a href="/wiki/Bahay_ng_Pagbabago" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahay ng Pagbabago">Bahay ng Pagbabago</a>; which served as the official residence of presidents Benigno Aquino III and Rodrigo Duterte during their respective tenures) directly opposite the palace across the Pasig River, which would serve as the venue for informal activities and social functions of the president and his or her family. The buildings, constructed by the Bureau of Public Works, were designed by <a href="/wiki/Juan_M._Arellano" title="Juan M. Arellano">Juan M. Arellano</a> and Antonio Toledo. In addition to the buildings are a putting green, stables, and shell tennis courts.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is now the official residence of current President <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a>, who has lived there since June 30, 2022.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_buildings">Other buildings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Other buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" title="Special:EditPage/Malacañang Palace">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Satellite facilities outside the palace proper but within the gated palace complex include a television station, two churches and various other guesthouses in addition to the Premier Guest House. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_04.JPG/220px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_04.JPG/330px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_04.JPG/440px-Malaca%C3%B1angPalacejf2356_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The Laperal Mansion</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SanMiguelChurchjf2252_07.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/SanMiguelChurchjf2252_07.JPG/220px-SanMiguelChurchjf2252_07.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/SanMiguelChurchjf2252_07.JPG/330px-SanMiguelChurchjf2252_07.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/SanMiguelChurchjf2252_07.JPG/440px-SanMiguelChurchjf2252_07.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>San Miguel Church near Malacañang was declared the <i>National Shrine of Saint Michael, the Archangel</i> in 1986</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Laperal Mansion</b> or the <b>Arlegui Guest House</b> is a remodeled and enlarged 1930s mansion located along Arlegui Street, half a block away. When World War II broke out, it served at one point as the residence of the speaker of the National Assembly established by the Japanese puppet state, Second Philippine Republic, <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Benigno Aquino, Sr.">Benigno S. Aquino, Sr.</a>, the grandfather of former Philippine president Benigno S. Aquino III. When the war ended, it served temporarily as the National Library. Around the early postwar era that the Laperal family acquired the property. In 1975, the property was seized by the presidential security forces under Marcos for "security reasons". The house became the office of the Presidential Economic Staff (precursor of today's <a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Development_Authority" title="National Economic and Development Authority">National Economic and Development Authority</a>) before former First Lady Imelda Marcos decided to expand the house to grander proportions to become a guesthouse, giving the building two turrets when it used to have one.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>After the 1986 People Power Revolution, Corazon Aquino as a symbolic counterpoint to the opulence of the Marcos regime refused to live in the palace as her predecessors have, choosing instead to stay at the Arlegui Guest House. Her successor, Fidel V. Ramos, followed suit and also resided in Arlegui. During Gloria Macapagal Arroyo’s term, the house became the Office of the Press Secretary.</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legarda_Ancestral_House" title="Legarda Ancestral House"><b>Legarda Mansion</b></a> was built in 1937 by Filomena Roces y de Legarda, one of the first <a href="/wiki/Art_deco" class="mw-redirect" title="Art deco">art deco</a> houses built in Manila. In this house, Alejandro Legarda, the son of Doña Filomena, lived with his wife Ramona Hernández, and their four children. Doña Ramona was well known for her lavish parties. The Legarda house is a tribute to Doña Ramona, who was known be the nickname "Moning", as it houses La Cocina de Tita Moning, a fine dining restaurant that aims to recreate the wonderful parties of Manila's most elegant era, using heirloom recipes of the Legardas, served on antique china, glassware, and silverware. The house includes living room with paintings by <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Resurrecci%C3%B3n_Hidalgo" title="Félix Resurrección Hidalgo">Félix Resurrección Hidalgo</a> and Juan Luna, don Alejandro's collection of antique radio equipment, a dressing room showcasing the memorabilia of the Legarda women, and the dining room where banquets are held.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_(Manila_Central;_07-06-2023)_E911a_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_02.jpg/175px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_02.jpg/263px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_02.jpg/350px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Goldenberg Mansion</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_(Manila_Central;_07-06-2023)_E911a_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_13.jpg/175px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_13.jpg/263px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_13.jpg/350px-Malaca%C3%B1ang_Mansions_%28Manila_Central%3B_07-06-2023%29_E911a_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Teus Mansion</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Goldenberg_Mansion" title="Goldenberg Mansion">Goldenberg Mansion</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Teus_Mansion" title="Teus Mansion">Teus Mansion</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Valdés Mansion</b> along San Rafael St. in San Miguel, near the Plaza Avilés/Freedom Park. Unlike the aforementioned mansions, the house has not been maintained. Nevertheless, it currently serves as one of the offices of the palace security.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><b>Presidential Broadcast Staff Radio Television Malacañang (PBS-RTVM)</b> was organized in 1986 following the peaceful EDSA revolt. Before 1986, the organisation that existed was Radio-Television-Movies, and adjunct of the National Media Production Centre which was based in Malacañang. In 1987, Executive Order Nº. 297 dated July 25, 1987, was signed and issued by President Corazon C. Aquino, creating the Office of the Press Secretary and cites under Section 14 (Attached agencies) the creation of the Presidential Broadcast Staff (Radio-Television Malacañang).</li></ul> <dl><dd>Executive Order No. 297 designated the PBS-RTVM as the entity with the sole responsibility and exclusive prerogative to decide on policy / operational matters concerning the television medium as it is utilised for the official documentation of all the president's activities for news dissemination purposes and video archiving.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>PBS-RTVM is involved in television coverage and documentation, and news and public affairs syndication of all the activities of the president, either live or delayed telecast, by national or local, government or private collaborating networks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></dd></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/National_Shrine_of_Saint_Michael_and_the_Archangels" class="mw-redirect" title="National Shrine of Saint Michael and the Archangels">San Miguel Church</a></b> was established by the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a> in 1603 adjacent to the <i>Tripa de Gallina</i> (river bend) and became a parish church in 1611. The church also ministered to Japanese Christians fleeing persecution under the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Shogunate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokugawa Shogunate">Tokugawa Shogunate</a> in 1615, and since many of these exiles belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a>, or the warrior class, the church was dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Michael">Saint Michael</a>. It was moved to its present location in 1783 under the Parish of Quiapo. The present church, erected in 1918, is notable for the symmetry of its twin bell towers, following the model of European <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque architecture</a>. The church was declared as the <i>National Shrine of Saint Michael, the Archangel</i> in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gardens">Gardens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Gardens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Osme%C3%B1a_Family_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c._1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/The_Osme%C3%B1a_Family_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c._1945.jpg/220px-The_Osme%C3%B1a_Family_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c._1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/The_Osme%C3%B1a_Family_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c._1945.jpg/330px-The_Osme%C3%B1a_Family_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c._1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/The_Osme%C3%B1a_Family_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c._1945.jpg/440px-The_Osme%C3%B1a_Family_at_Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace_c._1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1394" data-file-height="1614" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Sergio Osmeña">Sergio Osmeña</a> and his family at the Malacañang gardens (1945)</figcaption></figure> <p>The extensive grounds of Malacañang comprise one of the few parks in Manila, with tropical shrubbery, century-old <a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">acacia</a> trees, and even a <a href="/wiki/Balete_tree" title="Balete tree">balete tree</a> or two. The acacias are festooned with the cactus like 'Queen of the Night.' The broad lawns, lush trees and greenery indicate how Manila may have been when it was less populous and times were more leisurely. </p><p>The public garden now known as 'Freedom Park' fronts the Administration and Executive Buildings. It has statues symbolizing the four freedoms (religion, expression, want and fear), that were brought to Malacañang from the Manila International Fair of the 1950s. The statues were long forgotten at the <a href="/wiki/Cogon_grass" class="mw-redirect" title="Cogon grass">cogon field</a> that was then <a href="/wiki/Rizal_Park" title="Rizal Park">Rizal Park</a>, when First Lady Eva Macapagal retrieved them. An <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> fountain from the 1930s still flows near the main Palace entrance. Cannons and lamp posts dating from the Spanish Regime accent odd corners. </p><p>A bamboo teahouse, built in 1948 as a rest house, no longer exists, but it used to be by the river near where the swimming pool is now located. </p><p>At the main entrance is the large balete tree with a reputed resident <i><a href="/wiki/Kapre" title="Kapre">kapre</a></i>. Usually lit with capiz shell globe lights, it is hung with multicolored star lanterns during Christmas. One time only, it was lit with thousands of flickering fireflies, captured from some distant towns where fireflies still abounded and released as a grand ephemeral gesture of a present for the then first lady.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (December 2012)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Security">Security</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Security"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The palace is protected by the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Security_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Security Group">Presidential Security Group</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">Armed Forces of the Philippines</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Police" title="Philippine National Police">Philippine National Police</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marker_from_the_National_Historical_Commission_of_the_Philippines">Marker from the National Historical Commission of the Philippines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Marker from the National Historical Commission of the Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The marker of <b>Malacanan Palace</b> was installed in 1941 at Malacañang Palace site, San Miguel, Manila. It was installed by Philippines Historical Committee (now <a href="/wiki/National_Historical_Commission_of_the_Philippines" title="National Historical Commission of the Philippines">National Historical Commission of the Philippines</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Marker_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marker-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:80%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:20%; background:#efefef;">MALACAÑANG PALACE </th></tr> <tr> <td>THIS WAS THE FORMER SITE OF SUMMER RESIDENCE PURCHASED IN 1802 FROM LUIS ROCHA BY COLONEL MIGUEL JOSE FORMENTO, WHOSE TESTAMENTARY-EXECUTORS SOLD IT TO THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT IN 1825. BY ROYAL DECREES OF 1847, THIS PROPERTY WAS SET ASIDE AS THE SUMMER RESIDENCE OF THE GOVERNOR GENERAL. THE PALACE IN INTRAMUROS HAVING BEEN DESTROYED BY THE EARTHQUAKE OF June 3, 1863, THE GOVERNOR GENERAL MOVED TO THIS PLACE, THEN KNOWN AS THE <i>POSESION DE MALACAÑAN.</i> THIS BUILDING WAS RECONSTRUCTED, NEW LOTS WERE PURCHASED, OLD GROUNDS RAISED, REGRADED AND PARKED DURING AMERICAN AND FILIPINO ADMINISTRATORS. EXTENSIVE IMPROVEMENTS WERE MADE IN 1929–1932 UNDER GOVERNOR GENERAL DWIGHT F. DAVIS AND IN 1935–1940 UNDER PRESIDENT MANUEL L. QUEZON, THE FIRST FILIPINO CHIEF EXECUTIVE TO OCCUPY THIS PALACE. <p>THE EXECUTIVE BUILDING ADJOINING WAS COMPLETED IN 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-Marker_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marker-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguinaldo_Shrine" title="Aguinaldo Shrine">Aguinaldo Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mansion,_Baguio" class="mw-redirect" title="The Mansion, Baguio">The Mansion, Baguio</a>, the official summer residence of the president of the Philippines</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_sa_Sugbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacañang sa Sugbo">Malacañang sa Sugbo</a>, the official residence of the president of the Philippines in the Visayas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_of_the_South" title="Malacañang of the South">Malacañang of the South</a>, the official residence of the president of the Philippines in Mindanao</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_of_the_North" title="Malacañang of the North">Malacañang of the North</a>, presidential museum and former official residence of the president of the Philippines in Ilocos Region</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_Palace" title="Coconut Palace">Coconut Palace</a>, commissioned in 1978 as a government guest house</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/3883-malacanan-palace-sesquicentennial/">"Malacañan Palace Sesquicentennial"</a>. Presidential Museum & Library.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MalacanangGovPH-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MalacanangGovPH_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/">"Malacañan Palace"</a>. <i>Presidential Museum and Library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2020</span>. <q>Situated in the old Manila district of San Miguel, over the 175 odd [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>] years that government has owned the place, the buildings have been remodeled, expanded, demolished and rebuilt, and adjoining lands bought.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Museum+and+Library&rft.atitle=Malaca%C3%B1an+Palace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmalacanang.gov.ph%2Fabout%2Fmalacanang%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/National_Historical_Institute_Resolution_No._02%2C_S._1998.pdf">"Declaring Malacanang Palace in San Miguel, Manila a National Historical Landmark"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Historical Institute. May 6, 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Declaring+Malacanang+Palace+in+San+Miguel%2C+Manila+a+National+Historical+Landmark&rft.pub=National+Historical+Institute&rft.date=1998-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2F4%2F42%2FNational_Historical_Institute_Resolution_No._02%252C_S._1998.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MP-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MP_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MP_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MP_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MP_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MP_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MP_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MP_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/">"Malacañan Palace"</a>. Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved on June 15, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-malacanang.gov.ph-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malacanang.gov.ph_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/">"Malacañan Palace | Presidential Museum and Library"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Malaca%C3%B1an+Palace+%7C+Presidential+Museum+and+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmalacanang.gov.ph%2Fabout%2Fmalacanang%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-residents-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-residents_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-residents_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-residents_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/residents-of-malacanan-palace-and-their-respective-periods-of-residence/">"Residents of Malacañan Palace and their respective periods of residence"</a>. Presidential Museum & Library (Philippines). Retrieved on June 6, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wherename-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wherename_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/where-did-the-name-malacanan-come-from/">"Where did the name "Malacañan" come from?"</a>. <i>Presidential Museum and Library</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Museum+and+Library&rft.atitle=Where+did+the+name+%22Malaca%C3%B1an%22+come+from%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmalacanang.gov.ph%2Fabout%2Fmalacanang%2Fwhere-did-the-name-malacanan-come-from%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moya-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moya_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Las Islas Filipinas en 1882: estudios historicos, geográficos, estadísticos</i>. pg. 274. El Correo, Madrid.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ilustracion-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ilustracion_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ilustracion_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">De Carlos, Abelardo (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_580AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA171">"La Ilustracion española y americana, Part 2"</a>, pg. 171. Madrid.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Historia General de Filipinas, Tomo III</i>, pg. 504. Impreso de Camara de S. M., Madrid.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Boletin de la Sociedad Geografica de Madrid, Tomo XXI</i>, pg. 274. Imprenta de Fortanet, Madrid.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ambeth-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ambeth_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ambeth_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOcampo1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ambeth_Ocampo" title="Ambeth Ocampo">Ocampo, Ambeth</a> (1995). "Inside Malacañang". <i>Bonifacio's Bolo</i>. Pasig: Anvil Publishing Inc. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/971-27-0418-1" title="Special:BookSources/971-27-0418-1"><bdi>971-27-0418-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Inside+Malaca%C3%B1ang&rft.btitle=Bonifacio%27s+Bolo&rft.place=Pasig&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=Anvil+Publishing+Inc.&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=971-27-0418-1&rft.aulast=Ocampo&rft.aufirst=Ambeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aklatangbayan.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/first-quarter-storm-of-1970.pdf">"The First Quarter Storm of 1970"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+First+Quarter+Storm+of+1970&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faklatangbayan.wordpress.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F07%2Ffirst-quarter-storm-of-1970.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantos_Jr." class="citation news cs1">Santos Jr., Reynaldo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/51292-timeline-first-quarter-storm/">"TIMELINE: First Quarter Storm"</a>. <i>Rappler</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=TIMELINE%3A+First+Quarter+Storm&rft.aulast=Santos+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Reynaldo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2F51292-timeline-first-quarter-storm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendez" class="citation news cs1">Mendez, Christina. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/13/1602375/duterte-moves-bahay-ng-pagbabago">"Duterte moves into 'Bahay ng Pagbabago'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Philippine Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Duterte+moves+into+%27Bahay+ng+Pagbabago%27&rft.aulast=Mendez&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2016%2F07%2F13%2F1602375%2Fduterte-moves-bahay-ng-pagbabago&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-op.gov.ph-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-op.gov.ph_16-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050305154137/http://www.op.gov.ph/museum/">"Museum"</a>. Office of the President of the Philippines. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.op.gov.ph/museum/">the original</a> on March 5, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museum&rft.pub=Office+of+the+President+of+the+Philippines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.op.gov.ph%2Fmuseum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/state-rooms/reception-hall/">"Reception Hall"</a>. Presidential Museum & Library (Philippines).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/state-rooms/rizal-ceremonial-hall/">"Rizal Ceremonial Hall"</a>. Presidential Museum & Library.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuezon1946" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Quezon, Manuel Luis</a> (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goodfight0000unse"><i>The Good Fight</i></a>. London: D. Appleton-Century Company, Incorporated. pp. 74, 77–78. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL6497246M/The_good_fight_...">the original</a> on May 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Good+Fight&rft.place=London&rft.pages=74%2C+77-78&rft.pub=D.+Appleton-Century+Company%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=1946&rft.aulast=Quezon&rft.aufirst=Manuel+Luis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL6497246M%2FThe_good_fight_...&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobles2010" class="citation web cs1">Robles, Raïssa (January 31, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101130051035/http://raissarobles.com/2010/01/31/an-eat-and-tell-story-about-a-rare-dinner-date-with-president-gloria-macapagal-arroyo/">"Asking President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo about sex was easier than asking about politics and her feelings"</a>. <i>raissarobles.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://raissarobles.com/2010/01/31/an-eat-and-tell-story-about-a-rare-dinner-date-with-president-gloria-macapagal-arroyo/">the original</a> on November 30, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=raissarobles.com&rft.atitle=Asking+President+Gloria+Macapagal+Arroyo+about+sex+was+easier+than+asking+about+politics+and+her+feelings&rft.date=2010-01-31&rft.aulast=Robles&rft.aufirst=Ra%C3%AFssa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fraissarobles.com%2F2010%2F01%2F31%2Fan-eat-and-tell-story-about-a-rare-dinner-date-with-president-gloria-macapagal-arroyo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(October 12, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/2684-undas-2012-malacanan-palace-prowlers-ghosts-elementals-and-other-phantasmagoric-tales/">"Malacañan Palace Prowlers: Ghosts, elementals, and other phantasmagoric tales"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130825070152/http://malacanang.gov.ph/2684-undas-2012-malacanan-palace-prowlers-ghosts-elementals-and-other-phantasmagoric-tales/">Archived</a> August 25, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Presidential Museum & Library. Retrieved on June 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-presmus&lib-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-presmus&lib_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about">"About"</a>. Presidential Museum & Library (Philippines).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewExe-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NewExe_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewExe_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/new-executive-building/">"New Executive Building"</a>. Presidential Museum & Library (Philippines).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/duterte-8888-hotline-gets-own-show-hosted-by-panelo">"Duterte 8888 complaint hotline gets its own show, hosted by Panelo"</a>. <i>Rappler</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Duterte+8888+complaint+hotline+gets+its+own+show%2C+hosted+by+Panelo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Fduterte-8888-hotline-gets-own-show-hosted-by-panelo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGita-Carlos2023" class="citation web cs1">Gita-Carlos, Rut Abbey (May 30, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pna.gov.ph/index.php/articles/1202515">"2 Palace museums to open June 1"</a>. <i>Philippine News Agency</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Philippine+News+Agency&rft.atitle=2+Palace+museums+to+open+June+1&rft.date=2023-05-30&rft.aulast=Gita-Carlos&rft.aufirst=Rut+Abbey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Findex.php%2Farticles%2F1202515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/mabini-hall/">"Mabini Hall"</a>. Presidential Museum & Library.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNoyPalaceOffice-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PNoyPalaceOffice_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conde, Chichi (July 5, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interaksyon.com/article/7701/aquino-moves-to-palace-study-as-bonifacio-hall-office-undergoes-repair">InterAksyon.com: "Aquino moves to Palace study as Bonifacio Hall office undergoes repair"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017222433/http://www.interaksyon.com/article/7701/aquino-moves-to-palace-study-as-bonifacio-hall-office-undergoes-repair">Archived</a> October 17, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> InterAksyon.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnriquez2010" class="citation news cs1">Enriquez, Marge C. (June 6, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121001194700/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20100606-274100/New-President-can-live-in-style-but-homey-House-of-Dreams">"New President can live in style but homey House of Dreams"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20100606-274100/New-President-can-live-in-style-but-homey-House-of-Dreams">the original</a> on October 1, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=New+President+can+live+in+style+but+homey+House+of+Dreams&rft.date=2010-06-06&rft.aulast=Enriquez&rft.aufirst=Marge+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Finquirerheadlines%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20100606-274100%2FNew-President-can-live-in-style-but-homey-House-of-Dreams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SanMiguelChurchjf2252_06.JPG">"File:SanMiguelChurchjf2252 06.JPG"</a>. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved on June 15, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marker-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Marker_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marker_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Historical Markers: Metropolitan Manila</i>. National Historical Institute. 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Markers%3A+Metropolitan+Manila&rft.pub=National+Historical+Institute&rft.date=1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/where-did-the-name-malacanan-come-from/">"Where did the name "Malacañan" come from?"</a>. <i>Presidential Museum and Library</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Museum+and+Library&rft.atitle=Where+did+the+name+%22Malaca%C3%B1an%22+come+from%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmalacanang.gov.ph%2Fabout%2Fmalacanang%2Fwhere-did-the-name-malacanan-come-from%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaca%C3%B1ang+Palace" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palace" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Malacañang Palace">Malacañang Palace</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/">Presidential Museum & Library – About Malacañan Palace</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050305154137/http://www.op.gov.ph/museum/">(Archived) Office of the President – Malacañang Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101229061343/http://www.gensantos.com/2009/08/20/bariles-invades-malacanang-for-barangay-katangawan-awarding/">Inside Malacañan Palace</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100703070543/http://picasaweb.google.com/mlquezon3/Malacanan">Pictures of old Malacañan Palace</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160626022759/http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/page19.htm">Malacañang History & Maps at Discovering Philippines – Government and Administration</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/27087083">Malacañang Palace</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Visitor_attractions_in_Metro_Manila" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Manila_attractions" title="Template:Manila attractions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Manila_attractions" title="Template talk:Manila attractions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Manila_attractions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Manila attractions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Visitor_attractions_in_Metro_Manila" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Manila" class="mw-redirect" title="Tourism in Manila">Visitor attractions in Metro Manila</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_the_Centuries" title="Arch of the Centuries">Arch of the Centuries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonifacio_Monument" title="Bonifacio Monument">Bonifacio Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_Palace" title="Coconut Palace">Coconut Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intramuros" title="Intramuros">Intramuros</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baluarte_de_San_Diego" title="Baluarte de San Diego">Baluarte de San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Santiago" title="Fort Santiago">Fort Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_Roma" title="Plaza de Roma">Plaza de Roma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Malacañang Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_American_Cemetery" title="Manila American Cemetery">Manila American Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Central_Post_Office" title="Manila Central Post Office">Manila Central Post Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Chinese_Cemetery" title="Manila Chinese Cemetery">Manila Chinese Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_City_Hall" title="Manila City Hall">Manila City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Hotel" title="Manila Hotel">Manila Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Power_Monument" title="People Power Monument">People Power Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinaglabanan_Shrine" title="Pinaglabanan Shrine">Pinaglabanan Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Miranda" title="Plaza Miranda">Plaza Miranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_Memorial_Shrine" title="Quezon Memorial Shrine">Quezon Memorial Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_Monument" title="Rizal Monument">Rizal Monument</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EDSA_Shrine" title="EDSA Shrine">EDSA Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Al-Dahab" title="Masjid Al-Dahab">Golden Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Pi%C3%B1as_Church" title="Las Piñas Church">Las Piñas Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Cathedral" title="Manila Cathedral">Manila Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quiapo_Church" title="Quiapo Church">Quiapo Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Agustin_Church_(Manila)" title="San Agustin Church (Manila)">San Agustin Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebastian_Church_(Manila)" title="San Sebastian Church (Manila)">San Sebastian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seng_Guan_Temple" title="Seng Guan Temple">Seng Guan Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo_Central_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia ni Cristo Central Temple">Iglesia ni Cristo Central Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayala_Museum" title="Ayala Museum">Ayala Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahay_Tsinoy" title="Bahay Tsinoy">Bahay Tsinoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantayog_ng_mga_Bayani" title="Bantayog ng mga Bayani">Bantayog ng mga Bayani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Manila" title="Casa Manila">Casa Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lopez_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lopez Museum">Lopez Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Manila" title="Metropolitan Museum of Manila">Metropolitan Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Pambata" title="Museo Pambata">Museo Pambata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Anthropology_(Manila)" title="National Museum of Anthropology (Manila)">National Museum of Anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_(Manila)" title="National Museum of Fine Arts (Manila)">National Museum of Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History_(Manila)" title="National Museum of Natural History (Manila)">National Museum of Natural History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Planetarium_(Manila)" title="National Planetarium (Manila)">National Planetarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_Shrine_(Intramuros)" title="Rizal Shrine (Intramuros)">Rizal Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mind_Museum" title="The Mind Museum">The Mind Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_Stop_Intramuros" title="Book Stop Intramuros">Book Stop Intramuros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo_Museum_(Quezon_City)" title="Iglesia ni Cristo Museum (Quezon City)">Iglesia ni Cristo Museum and Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UP_Vargas_Museum" title="UP Vargas Museum">UP Vargas Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Integrated resorts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_City" title="Entertainment City">Entertainment City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Dreams_Manila" title="City of Dreams Manila">City of Dreams Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okada_Manila" title="Okada Manila">Okada Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaire_Resort_%26_Casino" title="Solaire Resort & Casino">Solaire Resort & Casino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_World_Resorts" title="Newport World Resorts">Newport World Resorts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Amusement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/KidZania_Manila" title="KidZania Manila">KidZania Manila</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN" title="ABS-CBN">ABS-CBN</a> Studio Experience</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM_Mall_of_Asia#SM_By_the_Bay_Amusement_Park" title="SM Mall of Asia">SM by the Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_City_(amusement_park)" title="Star City (amusement park)">Star City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks and gardens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayala_Triangle_Gardens" title="Ayala Triangle Gardens">Ayala Triangle Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baywalk" title="Baywalk">Baywalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mesa_Ecopark" title="La Mesa Ecopark">La Mesa Eco Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabon_Zoo" title="Malabon Zoo">Malabon Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Ocean_Park" title="Manila Ocean Park">Manila Ocean Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Zoo" title="Manila Zoo">Manila Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_Parks_and_Wildlife_Center" title="Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center">Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Nayong_Pilipino" title="Old Nayong Pilipino">Nayong Pilipino Cultural Park</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paco_Park" title="Paco Park">Paco Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasig_Rainforest_Park" title="Pasig Rainforest Park">Pasig Rainforest Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_Memorial_Circle" title="Quezon Memorial Circle">Quezon Memorial Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_Park" title="Rizal Park">Rizal Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shopping</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayala_Center" title="Ayala Center">Ayala Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glorietta" title="Glorietta">Glorietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenbelt_(Ayala_Center)" title="Greenbelt (Ayala Center)">Greenbelt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayala_Malls_Manila_Bay" title="Ayala Malls Manila Bay">Ayala Malls Manila Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonifacio_High_Street" title="Bonifacio High Street">Bonifacio High Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisoria" title="Divisoria">Divisoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhills_(mixed-use_development)" title="Greenhills (mixed-use development)">Greenhills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_Plant_Mall" title="Power Plant Mall">Power Plant Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinta_Market" title="Quinta Market">Quinta Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robinsons_Manila" title="Robinsons Manila">Robinsons Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robinsons_Magnolia" title="Robinsons Magnolia">Robinsons Magnolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM_Mall_of_Asia" title="SM Mall of Asia">SM Mall of Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutuban_Center" title="Tutuban Center">Tutuban Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aliwan_Fiesta" title="Aliwan Fiesta">Aliwan Fiesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Black_Nazarene" title="Feast of the Black Nazarene">Feast of the Black Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinemalaya_Philippine_Independent_Film_Festival" title="Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival">Cinemalaya Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinemanila_International_Film_Festival" title="Cinemanila International Film Festival">Cinemanila International Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Naval_de_Manila" title="Our Lady of La Naval de Manila">La Naval de Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_International_Auto_Show" title="Manila International Auto Show">Manila International Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila_Film_Festival" title="Metro Manila Film Festival">Metro Manila Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Fashion_Week" title="Philippine Fashion Week">Philippine Fashion Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_International_Pyromusical_Competition" title="Philippine International Pyromusical Competition">Philippine International Pyromusical Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wattah_Wattah_Festival" title="Wattah Wattah Festival">Wattah Wattah Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Event venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Center_of_the_Philippines_Complex" title="Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex">Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Film_Center" title="Manila Film Center">Manila Film Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_International_Convention_Center" title="Philippine International Convention Center">Philippine International Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanghalang_Francisco_Balagtas" title="Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas">Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanghalang_Pambansa" title="Tanghalang Pambansa">Tanghalang Pambansa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM_Mall_of_Asia_Arena" title="SM Mall of Asia Arena">SM Mall of Asia Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meralco_Theater" title="Meralco Theater">Meralco Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Metropolitan_Theater" title="Manila Metropolitan Theater">Metropolitan Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Frontier_Theater" title="New Frontier Theater">New Frontier Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Performing_Arts_Theater" title="Newport Performing Arts Theater">Newport Performing Arts Theater</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philam_Life_Theater" title="Philam Life Theater">Philam Life Theater</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Araneta_Coliseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Smart Araneta Coliseum">Smart Araneta Coliseum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMX_Convention_Center_Manila" title="SMX Convention Center Manila">SMX Convention Center Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_Metro_Manila" title="World Trade Center Metro Manila">World Trade Center Metro Manila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annual_events_in_Metro_Manila" title="Annual events in Metro Manila">Annual events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_Catholic_churches_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of Roman Catholic churches in Metro Manila">Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cultural_Properties_of_the_Philippines_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Metro Manila">Cultural Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of museums in Metro Manila">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of parks in Metro Manila">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of shopping malls in Metro Manila">Shopping malls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philippine_Registry_of_Cultural_Property_(PRECUP)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_Registry_of_Cultural_Property" title="Template:Philippine Registry of Cultural Property"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippine_Registry_of_Cultural_Property" title="Template talk:Philippine Registry of Cultural Property"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_Registry_of_Cultural_Property" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine Registry of Cultural Property"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philippine_Registry_of_Cultural_Property_(PRECUP)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Registry_of_Cultural_Property" title="Philippine Registry of Cultural Property">Philippine Registry of Cultural Property</a> (PRECUP)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government<br />cultural<br />agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Center_of_the_Philippines" title="Cultural Center of the Philippines">Cultural Center of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language" title="Commission on the Filipino Language">Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_of_the_Philippines" title="National Archives of the Philippines">National Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts" title="National Commission for Culture and the Arts">National Commission for Culture and the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Historical_Commission_of_the_Philippines" title="National Historical Commission of the Philippines">National Historical Commission of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Philippines" title="National Library of the Philippines">National Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_Philippines" title="National Museum of the Philippines">National Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intramuros_Administration" title="Intramuros Administration">Intramuros Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentro_Rizal" title="Sentro Rizal">Sentro Rizal</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Philippines"><img alt="Flag of the Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories<br />of cultural<br />properties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Philippines" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines">UNESCO World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Cultural_Treasures_in_the_Philippines" title="List of National Cultural Treasures in the Philippines">National Cultural Treasures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Important_Cultural_Properties_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:Important Cultural Properties of the Philippines">Important Cultural Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_Historical_Landmarks_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:National Historical Landmarks of the Philippines">National Historical Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_Shrines_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:National Shrines of the Philippines">National Shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_monuments_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:National monuments of the Philippines">National Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Heritage_Houses_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Heritage Houses in the Philippines">National Heritage Houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_of_National_Artists_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:Works of National Artists of the Philippines">Works of National Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_markers_of_the_Philippines" title="Historical markers of the Philippines">Marked Structures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cultural_Properties_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:Cultural Properties of the Philippines">Other Cultural Properties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Cultural_Heritage_Act" title="National Cultural Heritage Act">National Cultural Heritage Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x22px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_National_symbols_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Symbols_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:Symbols of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Symbols_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Symbols of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22x22px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_National_symbols_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="568" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_the_Philippines" title="National symbols of the Philippines">National symbols of the Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnis" title="Arnis">Arnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines" title="Coat of arms of the Philippines">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Sign_Language" title="Filipino Sign Language">Filipino Sign Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Philippines" title="Flag of the Philippines">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_the_Philippines" title="Great Seal of the Philippines">Great Seal</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lupang_Hinirang" title="Lupang Hinirang">Lupang Hinirang</a>"</li> <li>"<i><a href="/wiki/Maka-Diyos,_Maka-tao,_Makakalikasan_at_Makabansa" title="Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa">Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa</a></i>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pterocarpus_indicus" title="Pterocarpus indicus">Narra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_eagle" title="Philippine eagle">Philippine eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinctada_maxima" title="Pinctada maxima">Philippine pearl</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jasminum_sambac" title="Jasminum sambac">Sampaguita</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unofficial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_adobo" title="Philippine adobo">Adobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saribus_rotundifolius" title="Saribus rotundifolius">Anahaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahay_kubo" title="Bahay kubo">Bahay kubo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakya" title="Bakya">Bakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barong_tagalog" title="Barong tagalog">Barong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baro%27t_saya" title="Baro't saya">Baro't saya</a></li> <li>"<i><a href="/wiki/Bayan_Ko" title="Bayan Ko">Bayan Ko</a></i>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carabao" title="Carabao">Carabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cari%C3%B1osa" title="Cariñosa">Cariñosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeepney" title="Jeepney">Jeepney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_dela_Cruz" title="Juan dela Cruz">Juan dela Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lechon">Lechon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Malacañang Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">Mango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milkfish" title="Milkfish">Milkfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines" title="Coat of arms of the Philippines">National Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_peso" title="Philippine peso">Philippine peso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinigang" title="Sinigang">Sinigang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sipa" title="Sipa">Sipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinikling" title="Tinikling">Tinikling</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waling-waling" title="Waling-waling">Waling-waling</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_hero_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="National hero of the Philippines">National heroes</a> <br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Bonifacio" title="Andrés Bonifacio">Andrés Bonifacio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal" title="José Rizal">José Rizal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Declared from national legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Benigno Aquino Jr.">Benigno Aquino Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">Martyrs and heroes during the martial law period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Heroes_Day_(Philippines)" title="National Heroes Day (Philippines)">National Heroes Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Valor" title="Day of Valor">Veterans of the Second World War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">From proposed laws</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apolinario_Mabini" title="Apolinario Mabini">Apolinario Mabini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Silang" title="Gabriela Silang">Gabriela Silang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Luna" title="Juan Luna">Juan Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_H._del_Pilar" title="Marcelo H. del Pilar">Marcelo H. del Pilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchora_Aquino" title="Melchora Aquino">Melchora Aquino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Kudarat" title="Muhammad Kudarat">Sultan Dipatuan Kudarat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:Office of the President of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Office of the President of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Office of the President of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Office of the President of the Philippines">Office of the President of the Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="List of presidents of the Philippines">list</a>)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Malacañang Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Executive Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Secretary_(Philippines)" title="Executive Secretary (Philippines)">Office of the Executive Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_the_Chief_Presidential_Legal_Counsel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of the Chief Presidential Legal Counsel (page does not exist)">Office of the Chief Presidential Legal Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Communications_Group" title="Presidential Communications Group">Presidential Communications Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Legislative_Liaison_Office" title="Presidential Legislative Liaison Office">Presidential Legislative Liaison Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Management_Staff_(Philippines)" title="Presidential Management Staff (Philippines)">Presidential Management Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Security_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Security Group">Presidential Security Group</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/225px-Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/300px-Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2424" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attached Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Red_Tape_Authority" title="Anti-Red Tape Authority">Anti-Red Tape Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authority_of_the_Freeport_Area_of_Bataan" title="Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan">Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bases_Conversion_and_Development_Authority" title="Bases Conversion and Development Authority">Bases Conversion and Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan_Special_Economic_Zone" title="Cagayan Special Economic Zone">Cagayan Special Economic Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climate_Change_Commission_(Philippines)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Climate Change Commission (Philippines) (page does not exist)">Climate Change Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Filipinos_Overseas" title="Commission on Filipinos Overseas">Commission on Filipinos Overseas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Higher_Education_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission on Higher Education (Philippines)">Commission on Higher Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language" title="Commission on the Filipino Language">Commission on the Filipino Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Center_of_the_Philippines" title="Cultural Center of the Philippines">Cultural Center of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Drugs_Board" title="Dangerous Drugs Board">Dangerous Drugs Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_Development_Council_of_the_Philippines" title="Film Development Council of the Philippines">Film Development Council of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Historical_Commission_of_the_Philippines" title="National Historical Commission of the Philippines">National Historical Commission of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_and_Urban_Development_Coordinating_Council" title="Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council">Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Manila_Development_Authority" title="Metropolitan Manila Development Authority">Metropolitan Manila Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao_Development_Authority" title="Mindanao Development Authority">Mindanao Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movie_and_Television_Review_and_Classification_Board" title="Movie and Television Review and Classification Board">Movie and Television Review and Classification Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Anti-Poverty_Commission_(Philippines)" title="National Anti-Poverty Commission (Philippines)">National Anti-Poverty Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_of_the_Philippines" title="National Archives of the Philippines">National Archives of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts" title="National Commission for Culture and the Arts">National Commission for Culture and the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Commission_of_Senior_Citizens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Commission of Senior Citizens (page does not exist)">National Commission of Senior Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Development_Authority" title="National Economic and Development Authority">National Economic and Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">National Intelligence Coordinating Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Philippines)" title="National Security Council (Philippines)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Solid_Waste_Management_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Solid Waste Management Commission (page does not exist)">National Solid Waste Management Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Presidential_Adviser_on_the_Peace_Process" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process">Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_Media_Board" title="Optical Media Board">Optical Media Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Charity_Sweepstakes_Office" title="Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office">Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Competition_Commission" title="Philippine Competition Commission">Philippine Competition Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_Enforcement_Agency" title="Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency">Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Postal_Corporation" title="Philippine Postal Corporation">Philippine Postal Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippine_Reclamation_Authority&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippine Reclamation Authority (page does not exist)">Philippine Reclamation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Space_Agency" title="Philippine Space Agency">Philippine Space Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Sports_Commission" title="Philippine Sports Commission">Philippine Sports Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentro_Rizal" title="Sentro Rizal">Sentro Rizal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subic_Bay_Metropolitan_Authority" title="Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority">Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Official_Residences_in_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Official_residences_in_the_Philippines" title="Template:Official residences in the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Official_residences_in_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Official residences in the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Official_residences_in_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Official residences in the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Official_Residences_in_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Official Residences in the Philippines</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">Presidential</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Malacañang Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mansion_(Baguio)" title="The Mansion (Baguio)">The Mansion House</a> <small>(summer residence)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_of_the_South" title="Malacañang of the South">Malacañang of the South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">Vice Presidential</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vice_President%27s_Cottage_(Baguio)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vice President's Cottage (Baguio) (page does not exist)">Vice President's Cottage</a> <small>(summer residence)</small></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provincial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan" title="Pangasinan">Pangasinan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urduja_House" title="Urduja House">Urduja House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Batangas Province">Batangas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Batangas" title="Governor of Batangas">People's Mansion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Quezon Province">Quezon</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Governor%27s_Mansion_(Quezon)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Governor's Mansion (Quezon) (page does not exist)">Governor's Mansion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental" title="Negros Occidental">Negros Occidental</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mambukal#Facilities" title="Mambukal">Governor's Lodge</a> <small>(summer residence)</small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol" title="Bohol">Bohol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_Mansion_(Bohol)" title="Governor's Mansion (Bohol)">Governor's Mansion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Manila" title="Embassy of the United States, Manila">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Embassy_in_Manila" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Embassy in Manila">Chancery Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Residence" class="mw-redirect" title="American Residence">American Residence</a> <small>(summer residence)</small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Nunciature_to_the_Philippines" title="Apostolic Nunciature to the Philippines">The Nunciature</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines" title="University of the Philippines">University of the Philippines</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UP_Executive_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UP Executive House (page does not exist)">Executive House</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balay_Tsanselor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balay Tsanselor (page does not exist)">Balay Tsanselor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Manila_University" title="Ateneo de Manila University">Ateneo de Manila University</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesuit_Residence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesuit Residence (page does not exist)">Jesuit Residence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silliman_University" title="Silliman University">Silliman University</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silliman_University_President%27s_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silliman University President's House (page does not exist)">President's House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_University_%E2%80%93_Ateneo_de_Cagayan" title="Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan">Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loyola_House,_Xavier_University_%E2%80%93_Ateneo_de_Cagayan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loyola House, Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan (page does not exist)">Loyola House</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Presidential <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguinaldo_Shrine" title="Aguinaldo Shrine">Aguinaldo Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Cathedral" title="Malolos Cathedral">Malolos Convent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_of_the_North" title="Malacañang of the North">Malacañang of the North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_Philippines_%E2%80%93_Cebu" title="National Museum of the Philippines – Cebu">Malacañang sa Sugbo</a></li></ul></li> <li>Vice Presidential <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_Palace" title="Coconut Palace">Coconut Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City_Reception_House" title="Quezon City Reception House">Quezon City Reception House</a></li></ul></li> <li>Colonial <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_del_Gobernador" title="Palacio del Gobernador">Palacio del Gobernador</a></li></ul></li> <li>Military <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Field_marshal_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Field marshal (Philippines)">Field Marshal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Hotel" title="Manila Hotel">Manila Hotel Penthouse</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Provincial <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Real_(Lingayen)" title="Casa Real (Lingayen)">Pangasinan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unfinished</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Presidential <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Philippine_Republic" title="Fourth Philippine Republic">Fourth Philippine Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Park_in_the_Sky" title="People's Park in the Sky">Palace in the Sky</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Howard_Taft" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:William_Howard_Taft" title="Template:William Howard Taft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:William_Howard_Taft" title="Template talk:William Howard Taft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:William_Howard_Taft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:William Howard Taft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Howard_Taft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States#List_of_chief_justices" title="Chief Justice of the United States">10th</a> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice of the United States</a> (1921–1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">27th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1909–1913)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Cuba" title="List of colonial governors of Cuba">3rd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Cuba" title="President of Cuba">Provisional Governor of Cuba</a> (1904)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War#Secretary_of_War_(1789–1947)" title="United States Secretary of War">42nd</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a> (1904–1908)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippines#Insular_Government_(1901–1935)" title="Governor-General of the Philippines">Governor-General of the Philippines</a> (1901–1904)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States#List_of_solicitors_general" title="Solicitor General of the United States">6th</a> <a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States" title="Solicitor General of the United States">Solicitor General of the United States</a> (1890–1892)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft#Presidency_(1909–1913)" title="William Howard Taft">Presidency</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_William_Howard_Taft_presidency" title="Timeline of the William Howard Taft presidency">timeline)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Inauguration of William Howard Taft">1909 inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_diplomacy" title="Dollar diplomacy">Dollar diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#Adoption" title="Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Income Tax amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payne%E2%80%93Aldrich_Tariff_Act" title="Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act">Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeks_Act" title="Weeks Act">Weeks Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Corrupt_Practices_Act" title="Federal Corrupt Practices Act">Federal Corrupt Practices Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_Ship_Act_of_1910" title="Wireless Ship Act of 1910">Wireless Ship Act of 1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apportionment_Act_of_1911" title="Apportionment Act of 1911">Apportionment Act of 1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Pacific_Fur_Seal_Convention_of_1911" title="North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911">North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mann%E2%80%93Elkins_Act" title="Mann–Elkins Act">Mann–Elkins Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Act_of_1912" title="Radio Act of 1912">Radio Act of 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Secrets_Act_of_1911" title="Defense Secrets Act of 1911">Defense Secrets Act of 1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinchot%E2%80%93Ballinger_controversy" title="Pinchot–Ballinger controversy">Pinchot–Ballinger controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Economy_and_Efficiency" title="Commission on Economy and Efficiency">Commission on Economy and Efficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua" title="United States occupation of Nicaragua">U.S. occupation of Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="United States Chamber of Commerce">United States Chamber of Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_first_pitch#Presidential_first_pitches" title="Ceremonial first pitch">Ceremonial first pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1912 State of the Union Address">State of the Union Address 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft#Inauguration_and_appointments" title="William Howard Taft">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_William_Howard_Taft" title="List of federal judges appointed by William Howard Taft">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_William_Howard_Taft#United_States_Supreme_Court_Justices" title="List of federal judges appointed by William Howard Taft">Supreme Court</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oval_Office#Taft_Oval_Office:_1909–33" title="Oval Office">First Oval Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Presidential transition of Woodrow Wilson">Wilson transition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief Justice,<br />Supreme Court</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft#Chief_Justice_(1921–1930)" title="William Howard Taft">Supreme Court career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_Act_of_1925" title="Judiciary Act of 1925">Judiciary Act of 1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court_Building" title="United States Supreme Court Building">Creation of the Supreme Court Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Taft_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Taft Court">Taft Court cases</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other actions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taft_Commission" title="Taft Commission">Taft Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insular_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" title="Insular Government of the Philippine Islands">Insular Government of the Philippine Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippines" title="Governor-General of the Philippines">Philippines Civil Governor, 1901–1904</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft%E2%80%93Katsura_agreement" title="Taft–Katsura agreement">Taft–Katsura agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Occupation_of_Cuba#Occupation" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Occupation of Cuba">1906–1909 Occupation of Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_to_Enforce_Peace" title="League to Enforce Peace">League to Enforce Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_War_Labor_Board_(1918%E2%80%931919)" title="National War Labor Board (1918–1919)">National War Labor Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft#Early_life_and_education" title="William Howard Taft">Early life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_National_Historic_Site" title="William Howard Taft National Historic Site">Birthplace, home, and historic site</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Malacañang Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodbury_Point" title="Woodbury Point">Woodbury Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft_Bridge" title="Taft Bridge">Taft Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Bibliography of William Howard Taft">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#William_Howard_Taft" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. Postage stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft,_Montana" title="Taft, Montana">Taft, Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="William Howard Taft High School (New York City)">High school (New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_High_School_(Chicago)" title="William Howard Taft High School (Chicago)">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_Charter_High_School" title="William Howard Taft Charter High School">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_High_School_(San_Antonio)" title="William Howard Taft High School (San Antonio)">San Antonio)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1908_Republican_National_Convention" title="1908 Republican National Convention">1908 Republican National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_United_States_presidential_election" title="1908 United States presidential election">1908 U.S. presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_National_Convention" title="1912 Republican National Convention">1912 Republican National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912 U.S. presidential election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taft_family" title="Taft family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Herron_Taft" title="Helen Herron Taft">Helen Herron Taft</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert Alphonso Taft</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Taft_Manning" title="Helen Taft Manning">Helen Taft Manning</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Phelps_Taft_II" title="Charles Phelps Taft II">Charles Phelps Taft II</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_III" title="William Howard Taft III">William Howard Taft III</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Taft_Jr." title="Robert Taft Jr.">Robert Alphonso Taft Jr.</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Taft" title="Seth Taft">Seth Taft</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Taft" title="Alphonso Taft">Alphonso Taft</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Taft" title="Louise Taft">Louise Taft</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Phelps_Taft" title="Charles Phelps Taft">Charles Phelps Taft</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Waters_Taft" title="Henry Waters Taft">Henry Waters Taft</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Dutton_Taft" title="Horace Dutton Taft">Horace Dutton Taft</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Rawson_Taft" title="Peter Rawson Taft">Peter Rawson Taft</a> (paternal grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Possum" title="Billy Possum">Billy Possum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Wayne" title="Pauline Wayne">Pauline Wayne</a> (cow)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Backstairs_at_the_White_House" title="Backstairs at the White House">Backstairs at the White House</a></i> (1979 miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_(miniseries)" title="Theodore Roosevelt (miniseries)">Theodore Roosevelt</a></i> (2022 miniseries)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">← Theodore Roosevelt</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:William_Howard_Taft" title="Category:William Howard Taft">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" 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