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<span>En</span><ul class="links"><li hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24" class="en is-active" aria-current="page"><a href="/challenge/modern-slavery" class="language-link is-active" hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24" aria-current="page">En</a></li><li hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24" class="fr"><a href="/fr/challenge/modern-slavery" class="language-link" hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24">Fr</a></li><li hreflang="es" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24" class="es"><a href="/es/el-reto/esclavitud-moderna" class="language-link" hreflang="es" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24">Es</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="nav--cta"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-alliance87-join-menu" id="block-alliance87-join" class="block block-menu navigation menu--join"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-alliance87-join-menu">Join</h2> <ul class="nav nav--join"> <li class="nav-item menu-item"> <a 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class="nav-item menu-item"> <a href="/challenge/child-labour" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29">Child Labour</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <main role="main"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="layout-before-content"> <div class="region region-before-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-alliance87-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <article data-history-node-id="24" class="node node--type-challenge node--view-mode-full"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="component hero hero--infographic"> <div class="hero-background"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-cover-large"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/cover_large_l/public/2023-05/howard-phillips-LGBmXaTh550-unsplash.jpg?h=a64059f6&itok=BDyqh5rw 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1201px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1920" height="1080"/> <img loading="eager" width="1440" height="810" src="/sites/default/files/styles/cover_large/public/2023-05/howard-phillips-LGBmXaTh550-unsplash.jpg?h=a64059f6&itok=vPHEq1mJ" alt="howard-phillips" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div> <div class="h-wrapper-small"> <div class="hero-items"> <div class="component infographic-item"> <div class="infographic-item-head"> <strong> 49.6 </strong> Million </div> <div class="infographic-item-subtitle"> people in modern slavery worldwide </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content content--"> <div class="h-wrapper-small"> <div class="content-head"> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div class="content-highlight h-text-highlight"> <p>Modern slavery refers to situations of exploitation that a person cannot refuse or leave because of threats, violence, deception, abuse of power or coercion. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="element divider h-wrapper"></div> <div class="component content content--alternate content--"> <div class="h-wrapper-small"> <div class="content-head"> <h2 class="content-title"> Definition </h2> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div class="content-main"> <p><strong>Modern slavery</strong> is an <strong>umbrella term</strong> that covers forced labour, forced marriage and human trafficking. The common thread is that a <strong>person</strong> is being <strong>exploited</strong>, and <strong>cannot refuse or leave </strong>due to threats, violence, coercion, deception, manipulation and/or the abuse of power.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content content--alternate content--"> <div class="h-wrapper-small"> <div class="content-head"> <h2 class="content-title"> Context </h2> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div class="content-main"> <p>Modern slavery occurs in almost every country in the world, and cuts across ethnic, cultural and religious lines. More than half (<strong>52%</strong>) of all <strong>forced labour</strong> and a <strong>quarter</strong> of all <strong>forced marriages</strong> can be found in <strong>upper-middle income</strong> or <strong>high-income countries</strong>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content content--alternate content--"> <div class="h-wrapper-small"> <div class="content-head"> <h2 class="content-title"> Industries </h2> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div class="content-main"> <p>The sectors where modern slavery is most prevalent are <strong>services</strong>, <strong>manufacturing</strong>, <strong>construction</strong>, <strong>agriculture</strong>, and <strong>domestic</strong> <strong>work</strong>. While women are far more likely than men to be in domestic work, men are much more likely to be put to work in the construction sector.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component content content--alternate content--"> <div class="h-wrapper-small"> <div class="content-head"> <h2 class="content-title"> Statistics </h2> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div class="content-main"> <p>According to the latest <a href="https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---ipec/documents/publication/wcms_854733.pdf"><em>Global Estimates of Modern Slavery</em></a>, 50 million people were living in modern slavery in 2021, of which <strong>28 million</strong> were in <strong>forced labour</strong>, <strong>22 million</strong> were trapped in <strong>forced marriage, </strong>and more than <strong>12 million</strong> of the total being <strong>children</strong>. The number of people in modern slavery has risen significantly in the last five years, with an increase of 2.7 million people from 2016 to 2021 and <strong>women</strong> and <strong>girls</strong> comprising over half (<strong>54%</strong>) of those in modern slavery.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component resources h-wrapper"> <div class="resources-head"> <h6 class="resources-supertitle"> Resources </h6> <h3 class="resources-title"> Learn more about modern slavery </h3> </div> <div class="resources-main"> <div data-history-node-id="23" class="component resource-item"> <div class="item-image"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-thumb-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/thumb_large_portrait/public/2023-05/Forced%20Labour%20and%20Forced%20Marriage%20cover.png?h=868d3373&itok=s0e44Ey_ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 1201px)" type="image/png" width="270" height="380"/> <img loading="eager" width="170" height="240" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumb_medium_portrait/public/2023-05/Forced%20Labour%20and%20Forced%20Marriage%20cover.png?h=868d3373&itok=-Cml5mX9" alt="Forced Labour and Forced Marriage cover" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div> <div class="item-main"> <h5 class="item-title"> Forced Labour and Forced Marriage </h5> <div class="item-content"> <p>Global Estimates of Modern Slavery鈥⊿eptember 2022</p> </div> <div class="item-cta"> <article class="media media--type-document media--view-mode-default"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-document field--type-file field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Document</div> <div class="field__item"> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2023-06/Global%20Estimates%20of%20Modern%20Slavery%20Forced%20Labour%20and%20Forced%20Marriage_0.pdf" 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