New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome</title> <meta name="keywords" content="Medicine Research News, Medicine Research, Health Research News, Health Research, Health Science, Medicine Science"> <meta name="description" content="The biological roots of autism continue to perplex researchers, despite a growing body of studies looking at an increasing array of genetic, cellular and microbial data. Recently, scientists have homed in on a new and promising area of focus: the microbiome. This collection of microbes that inhabit the human gut has been shown to play a role in autism, but the mechanics of this link have remained awash in ambiguity."> <meta name="ROBOTS" content="INDEX,FOLLOW"> <meta name="ROBOTS" content="max-image-preview:large"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html"> <link rel="top" title="" href="/"> <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"> <link rel="search" href="https://medicalxpress.com/search/"> <link rel="alternate" title="All news stories" href="https://medicalxpress.com/rss-feed/" type="application/rss+xml"> <link rel="alternate" title="Spotlight news only" href="https://medicalxpress.com/rss-feed/breaking/" type="application/rss+xml"> <link rel="alternate" title="Autism spectrum disorders news" href="https://medicalxpress.com/rss-feed/autism-spectrum-news/" type="application/rss+xml"> <link rel="alternate" title="Gastroenterology news" href="https://medicalxpress.com/rss-feed/gastroenterology-news/" type="application/rss+xml"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://medicalxpress.com/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="icon" href="https://medicalxpress.com/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=412403837"> <meta name="google-play-app" content="com.PhysOrg.healthFree"> <meta property="twitter:account_id" content="287568380"> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="325486637469240"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="188381711207720"> <meta property="og:title" content="New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome"> <meta property="og:description" content="The biological roots of autism continue to perplex researchers, despite a growing body of studies looking at an increasing array of genetic, cellular and microbial data. Recently, scientists have homed in on a new and promising area of focus: the microbiome. This collection of microbes that inhabit the human gut has been shown to play a role in autism, but the mechanics of this link have remained awash in ambiguity."> <meta property="og:image" content="https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The biological roots of autism continue to perplex researchers, despite a growing body of studies looking at an increasing array of genetic, cellular and microbial data. Recently, scientists have homed ..." /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg" /> <meta name="thumbnail" content="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/css/libs.322202754.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/css/style.3135767896.css"> <link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg">  <link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg"> <script async src="https://cdn.fuseplatform.net/publift/tags/2/3684/fuse.js"></script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "NewsArticle", "headline": "New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome", "description": "The biological roots of autism continue to perplex researchers, despite a growing body of studies looking at an increasing array of genetic, cellular and microbial data. Recently, scientists have homed in on a new and promising area of focus: the microbiome. This collection of microbes that inhabit the human gut has been shown to play a role in autism, but the mechanics of this link have remained awash in ambiguity.", "datePublished": "2023-06-26T11:43:05-04:00", "dateModified": "2023-06-26T11:43:05-04:00", "publisher": { "@type": "NewsMediaOrganization", "@id": "https://medicalxpress.com/#organization", "name": "Medical Xpress", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/medx.140px.png", "width": 145, "height": 40 }, "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/medicalxpress", "https://x.com/medical_xpress", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/medical-xpress/" ], "masthead": "https://sciencex.com/help/editorial-team/", "publishingPrinciples": "https://sciencex.com/help/editorial-process/", "verificationFactCheckingPolicy": "https://sciencex.com/help/editorial-process/#factcheck", "correctionsPolicy": "https://sciencex.com/help/corrections/", "parentOrganization": { "@type": "NewsMediaOrganization", "@id": "https://sciencex.com/#organization", "name": "Science X Network", "url": "https://sciencex.com/" } }, "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "url": "https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html", "breadcrumb": [ { "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "url": "https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://medicalxpress.com/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Autism spectrum disorders", "item": "https://medicalxpress.com/autism-spectrum-news/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome", "item": "https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html" } ] }, { "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "url": "https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://medicalxpress.com/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Gastroenterology", "item": "https://medicalxpress.com/gastroenterology-news/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome", "item": "https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html" } ] } ] }, "speakable": { "@type": "SpeakableSpecification", "xpath": [ "/html/head/title", "/html/head/meta[@name='description']/@content" ] }, "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Susan Reslewic Keatley", "affiliation": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Simons Foundation" } }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg", "width": 836, "height": 283 }, "articleSection": [ "Autism spectrum disorders", "Gastroenterology" ] } </script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-9JGWNNG80H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-9JGWNNG80H'); </script> <script>var isUserIsBot = false;</script> </head> <body> <header class="header"> <nav class="navbar bg-primary"> <div class="container"> <div class="row align-items-center pt-4 pt-lg-0"> <div class="col-5 col-sm-8 col-lg-2 mr-xl-3 order-2 order-lg-1"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://medicalxpress.com/"> <img src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/logo.png" alt="logotype"> </a> </div> <div class="col-auto px-lg-1 mt-2 mt-sm-0 ml-auto ml-lg-0 order-3 order-lg-2 d-print-none"> <button type="button" class="header-button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseTopics" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseTopics"> <span class="icon-nav"><span></span></span> <span class="d-none d-lg-block">Topics</span> </button> </div> <div class="col-auto px-lg-1 mt-2 mt-sm-0 ml-auto ml-lg-0 order-3 order-lg-2 d-print-none"> <button type="button" class="header-button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseConditions" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseConditions"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#menu-conditions" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <span class="d-none d-lg-block">Conditions</span> </button> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-7 col-xl-6 mb-sm-3 my-lg-0 ml-auto d-flex align-items-center order-1 order-lg-3 d-print-none"> <ul class="d-flex header-site-nav ml-lg-auto"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/weekly-news/">Week's top</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/latest-news/">Latest news</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/unread-news/">Unread news</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#subscribe">Subscribe</a> </li> </ul> <form class="header-search ml-auto ml-lg-0" action="https://medicalxpress.com/search/" method="get"> <fieldset class="header-search__group"> <input name="search" class="header-search__field" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> <input name="s" class="header-search__field" type="hidden" value="0"> <button class="header-search__submit" type="submit"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#search" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </button> </fieldset> <button type="button" class="header-search__show mr-4 mr-sm-5 mx-md-5"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#search" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </button> </form> <div class="dropdown"> <a class="header-account" href="https://sciencex.com/profile/" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_account" x="0" y="0" /> </svg> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right dropdown-menu-tip fade mt-3" aria-label="dropdown menu"> <div class="dropdown-content px-5 mx-5 py-4"> <h3 class="text-extra-large font-weight-normal text-center text-nowrap mb-4">Science X Account</h3> <form method="post" action="https://sciencex.com/profile/login/"> <input type="hidden" name="status" value="login"> <input type="hidden" name="redirect" value="1"> <input type="hidden" name="ref" value="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html"> <div class="text-center px-lg-2"> <div class="mb-3"> <div data-focus="input" class="login-form-item"> <div class="login-form-icon"> <i class="icon login_field_email"></i> </div>  <input name="email" type="text" class="form-control input-styled input-email" placeholder="email" required=""> </div> </div>  <div class="mb-3"> <div data-focus="input" class="login-form-item"> <div class="login-form-icon"> <i class="icon login_field_password"></i> </div>  <input name="password" type="password" class="form-control input-styled input-password" placeholder="password" required=""> </div> </div>  <div class="mb-3 text-left"> <div data-focus="input" class="login-form-item"> <input class="modal-custom-form__checkbox bg-white" name="rememberMe" type="checkbox" id="log_persistent" checked="checked"> <label for="log_persistent">Remember me</label> </div> </div>  <div class="mt-2 mb-2 mb-lg-3"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary btn-block">Sign In</button> </div> <p class="mb-2 mb-lg-3"> <a href="https://sciencex.com/profile/login/" class="login-link"> Click here to sign in with <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#logo_fb" x="0" y="0" /> </svg> or <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#logo_google" x="0" y="0" /> </svg> </a> </p> <p class="mb-2 mb-lg-3"> <a href="https://sciencex.com/profile/pwdreset/">Forget Password?</a> </p> <div class="mb-2 mb-lg-3"> <a href="https://sciencex.com/profile/register/" class="btn btn-sm btn-white btn-block">Not a member? <b>Sign up</b> </a> </div> <p> <a class="font-weight-normal" href="https://sciencex.com/help/account/">Learn more</a> </p> </div> </form> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="collapse header-collapse bg-secondary d-print-none" id="collapseTopics"> <div class="container py-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/addiction-news/">Addiction</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/alzheimer-dementia-news/">Alzheimer's disease & dementia</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/arthritis-rheumatism-news/">Arthritis & Rheumatism</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/attention-deficit-disorders-news/">Attention deficit disorders</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/autism-spectrum-news/">Autism spectrum disorders</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/biomedical-technology-news/">Biomedical technology</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/cardiology-news/">Cardiology</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/dentistry-news/">Dentistry</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/diabetes-news/">Diabetes</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/diseases-news/">Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/endocrinology-metabolism-news/">Endocrinology & Metabolism</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/gastroenterology-news/">Gastroenterology</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/genetics-news/">Genetics</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/gerontology-geriatrics-news/">Gerontology & Geriatrics</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/health-news/">Health</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/health-informatics-news/">Health informatics</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/hiv-aids-news/">HIV & AIDS</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/immunology-news/">Immunology</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/inflammatory-disorders-news/">Inflammatory disorders</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/medical-economics-news/">Medical economics</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/research-news/">Medical research</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/medications-news/">Medications</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/neuroscience-news/">Neuroscience</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/obstetrics-gynaecology-news/">Obstetrics & gynaecology</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/cancer-news/">Oncology & Cancer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/ophthalmology-news/">Ophthalmology</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/health-other-news/">Other</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/overweight-obesity-news/">Overweight & Obesity</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/parkinsons-disease-news/">Parkinson's & Movement disorders</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/pediatrics-news/">Pediatrics</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/psychology-news/">Psychology & Psychiatry</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/radiology-imaging-news/">Radiology & Imaging</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/sleep-apnea-news/">Sleep disorders</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/sports-kinesiology-news/">Sports medicine & Kinesiology</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/surgery-news/">Surgery</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/vaccination-news/">Vaccination</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse header-collapse bg-secondary d-print-none" id="collapseConditions"> <div class="container py-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/asthma/">Asthma</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/breast-cancer/">Breast cancer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/cardiovascular-disease/">Cardiovascular disease</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease/">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/colon-cancer/">Colon cancer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/coronary-artery-disease/">Coronary artery disease</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/dementia/">Dementia</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/depression/">Depression</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/heart-attack/">Heart attack</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/heart-disease/">Heart disease</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/high-blood-pressure/">High blood pressure</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/influenza/">Influenza</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/kidney-disease/">Kidney disease</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/leukemia/">Leukemia</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/lung-cancer/">Lung cancer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/malaria/">Malaria</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/melanoma/">Melanoma</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/multiple-sclerosis/">Multiple sclerosis</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/myocardial-infarction/">Myocardial infarction</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/ovarian-cancer/">Ovarian cancer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder/">Post traumatic stress disorder</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/">Rheumatoid arthritis</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/schizophrenia/">Schizophrenia</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/skin-cancer/">Skin cancer</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <ul class="header-articles-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/stroke/">Stroke</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/type-2-diabetes/">Type 2 diabetes</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/conditions/">Full List »</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main class="bg-white news"> <div class="container py-5"> <div class="text-center d-lg-none mb-5 ads"> <script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0536483524803400" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle d-block d-lg-none" data-ad-client="ca-pub-0536483524803400" data-ad-slot="6223743948" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-2 mt-md-5 d-print-none"> <ul class="soc pt-md-3" id="js-soc-panel"> <li class="d-block d-md-none soc-panel-close"> <button type="button"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_close" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </button> </li> <li class="d-block d-md-none"> <p class="text-white text-low-up mb-0">share this!</p> </li> <li> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="soc-link fb"> <svg class="soc-link__icon"> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_fb_news" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-low">144</p> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#" class="soc-link tw" data-title="New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome" data-via="medical_xpress"> <svg class="soc-link__icon"> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_twitter-x" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-low">12</p> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#" class="soc-link ln"> <svg class="soc-link__icon"> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_linkedin" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-low">Share</p> </a> </li> <li> <a href="mailto:" class="soc-link" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#feedback-email"> <svg class="soc-link__icon"> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_mail_news" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-low">Email</p> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-10 col-lg-6"> <section class="article"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-9 col-md-9 col-xl-10"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ol class="breadcrumb bg-white mb-0 p-0"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a itemprop="item" href="/" rel="home"> <span class="text-muted text-low-up">Home</span> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/autism-spectrum-news/"> <span>Autism spectrum disorders</span> </a> </li> </ol> <ol class="breadcrumb bg-white mb-0 p-0"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a itemprop="item" href="/" rel="home"> <span class="text-muted text-low-up">Home</span> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/gastroenterology-news/"> <span>Gastroenterology</span> </a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> <div class="col-3 col-xl-2 d-print-none"> <ul class="article-actions"> <li class="article-actions__item"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-nid="606998582" id="fav"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_addfav" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="article-actions__item"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.pdf" title="Save as pdf file"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_pdf" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="article-actions__item"> <a href="javascript:window.print()" title="Print"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_print" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-12 mt-2 mt-xl-3"> <hr> </div> <div class="col-12 mt-3 mb-5 mb-lg-0"> <article class="news-article"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-8"> <div class="article__info mb-2"> <div class="article__info-item mr-auto"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/archive/26-06-2023/" rel="nofollow"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0" /> </svg> </a> <p class="text-uppercase text-low"> June 26, 2023 </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-4"> <div class="article__info-fc text-right"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" role="button" data-toggle="factcheck" data-placement="bottom" data-trigger="manual" tabindex="0"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#check-mark" x="0" y="0" /> </svg> Editors' notes </a> </div> <div class="d-none" id="fact-check-popover"> <p> This article has been reviewed according to Science X's <a class="text-info" href="https://sciencex.com/help/editorial-process/" target="_blank">editorial process</a> and <a class="text-info" href="https://sciencex.com/help/editorial-standards/" target="_blank">policies</a>. <a class="text-info" href="https://sciencex.com/help/editorial-team/" target="_blank">Editors</a> have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility: </p> <p> <span class="tick-mark"></span> fact-checked </p> <p> <span class="tick-mark"></span> peer-reviewed publication </p> <p> <span class="tick-mark"></span> proofread </p> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="text-extra-large line-low my-2">New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome</h1> <p class="article-byline text-low"> by Susan Reslewic Keatley, Simons Foundation </p> <div class="mt-4 article-main"> <div class="article-gallery lightGallery"> <div data-thumb="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg" data-src="https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg" data-sub-html="Comparison of microbial differentials obtained from age matching and sex matching and cytokine analysis. Credit: <i>Nature Neuroscience</i> (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01361-0. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01361-0"> <figure class="article-img"> <img src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2023/new-research-clarifies.jpg" alt="New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome" title="Comparison of microbial differentials obtained from age matching and sex matching and cytokine analysis. Credit: Nature Neuroscience (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01361-0. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01361-0" width="800" height="283"> <figcaption class="text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3"> Comparison of microbial differentials obtained from age matching and sex matching and cytokine analysis. Credit: <i>Nature Neuroscience</i> (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01361-0. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01361-0 </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div><p>The biological roots of autism continue to perplex researchers, despite a growing body of studies looking at an increasing array of genetic, cellular and microbial data. Recently, scientists have homed in on a new and promising area of focus: the microbiome. This collection of microbes that inhabit the human gut has been shown to play a role in autism, but the mechanics of this link have remained awash in ambiguity.</p> <div class="mb-3 ads">  <div data-fuse="23188503934"></div> </div> <p>Taking a fresh computational approach to the problem, a study published today, June 26, in <i>Nature Neuroscience</i> sheds new light on the relationship between the microbiome and <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/autism/" rel="tag" class="textTag">autism</a>. This research鈥攚hich originated at the Simons Foundation's Autism Research Initiative (SFARI) and involved an innovative reanalysis of dozens of previously published datasets鈥攁ligns with a recent, long-term study of autistic individuals that centered on a microbiome-focused treatment intervention. These findings also underscore the importance of longitudinal studies in elucidating the interplay between the microbiome and complex conditions such as autism.</p> <p>"We were able to harmonize seemingly disparate data from different studies and find a common language with which to unite them. With this, we were able to identify a microbial signature that distinguishes autistic from neurotypical individuals across many studies," says Jamie Morton, one of the study's corresponding authors, who began this work while a postdoctoral researcher at the Simons Foundation and is now an independent consultant. "But the bigger point is that going forward, we need robust long-term studies that look at as many datasets as possible and understand how they change when there is a [therapeutic] intervention."</p> <p>With 43 authors, this study brought together leaders in <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/computational+biology/" rel="tag" class="textTag">computational biology</a>, engineering, medicine, autism and the microbiome who hailed from institutions in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. "The sheer number of fields and areas of expertise in this large-scale collaboration is noteworthy and necessary to get a new and consistent picture of autism," says Rob Knight, the director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at the University of California San Diego and a study co-author.</p> <div class="mb-3 ads">  <div data-fuse="23188501120"></div> </div> <p>Autism is inherently complex, and studies that attempt to pinpoint specific gut microbes involved in the condition have been confounded by this complexity. First, autism presents in heterogeneous ways鈥攁utistic individuals differ from each other genetically, physiologically and behaviorally. Second, the microbiome presents unique difficulties. Microbiome studies typically report simply the relative proportions of specific microbes, requiring sophisticated statistics to understand which microbial population changes are relevant to a condition of interest.</p> <p>This makes it challenging to find the signal amongst the noise. Making matters more complicated, most studies to date have been one-time snapshots of the microbial populations present in autistic individuals. "A single time point is only so powerful; it could be very different tomorrow or next week," says study co-author Brittany Needham, assistant professor of anatomy, cell biology and physiology at the Indiana University School of Medicine.</p> <p>"We wanted to address the constantly evolving question of how the microbiome is associated with autism, and thought, 'let's go back to existing datasets and see how much information we may be able to get out of them,'" says co-corresponding author Gaspar Taroncher-Oldenburg, director of Therapeutics Alliances at New York University, who initiated the work with Morton while he was a consultant-in-residence for SFARI.</p> <p>In the new study, the research team developed an algorithm to re-analyze 25 previously published datasets containing microbiome and other "omic" information鈥攕uch as gene expression, immune system response and diet鈥攆rom both autistic and neurotypical cohorts. Within each dataset, the algorithm found the best matched pairs of autistic and neurotypical individuals in terms of age and sex, two factors that can typically confound autism studies.</p> <p>"Rather than comparing average cohort results within studies, we treated each pair as a single data point, and thus were able to simultaneously analyze over 600 ASD-control pairs corresponding to a de facto cohort of over 1,200 children," says Taroncher-Oldenburg. "From a technical standpoint, this required the development of novel computational methodologies altogether," he adds. Their <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/new+computational+approach/" rel="tag" class="textTag">new computational approach</a> enabled them to reliably identify microbes that have differing abundances between ASD and neurotypical individuals.</p> <p>To the researchers' surprise, their analysis identified autism-specific metabolic pathways associated with particular human gut microbes. Importantly, these pathways were also seen elsewhere in autistic individuals, from their brain-associated gene expression profiles to their diets. "We hadn't seen this kind of clear overlap between gut microbial and human metabolic pathways in autism before," says Morton.</p> <p>Even more striking was an overlap between microbes associated with autism, and those identified in a recent long-term <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-04-autism-symptoms-percent-years-fecal.html">fecal microbiota transplant study</a> led by James Adams and Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown at Arizona State University's Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes. "Another set of eyes looked at this, from a different lens, and they validated our findings," says Krajmalnik-Brown, who was not involved in the study published in <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>.</p> <div class="mb-3 ads">  <div data-fuse="23188391094"></div> </div> <p>"What's significant about this work is not only the identification of major signatures, but also the computational analysis that identified the need for future studies to include longitudinal, carefully designed measurements and controls to enable robust interpretation," says Kelsey Martin, executive vice president of SFARI and the Simons Foundation Neuroscience Collaborations, who was not involved in the study.</p> <p>"Going forward, we need more long-term studies that involve interventions, so we can get at cause-and-effect," says Morton. Taroncher-Oldenburg, who cites the compliance issues often faced by traditional long-term studies, suggests that study designs could more effectively take into account the realities of long-term microbiome sampling of autistic individuals. "Practical, clinical restrictions must inform the statistics, and that will inform the <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/study+design/" rel="tag" class="textTag">study design</a>," he says. Further, he points out that <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/long-term+studies/" rel="tag" class="textTag">long-term studies</a> can reveal insights about both the group and the individual, as well as how that individual responds to specific interventions over time.</p> <p>Importantly, researchers say these findings go beyond autism. The approach set forth here could also be employed across other areas of biomedicine that have long proved challenging. "Before this, we had smoke indicating the microbiome was involved in autism, and now we have fire. We can apply this approach to many other areas, from depression to Parkinson's to cancer, where we think the <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/microbiome/" rel="tag" class="textTag">microbiome</a> plays a role, but where we don't yet know exactly what the role is," says Knight.</p> <div class="article-main__more p-4"> <p><strong>More information:</strong> James T. Morton et al, Multi-level analysis of the gut鈥揵rain axis shows autism spectrum disorder-associated molecular and microbial profiles, <i>Nature Neuroscience</i> (2023). <a data-doi="1" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41593-023-01361-0" target="_blank">DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01361-0</a>. <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01361-0" target="_blank">www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01361-0</a> <div class="mt-3"> <strong>Journal information:</strong> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/journals/nature-neuroscience/"><cite>Nature Neuroscience</cite></a> <a class="icon_open" href="http://www.nature.com/neuro/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_open" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> <div class="d-inline-block text-medium my-4"> Provided by Simons Foundation </div>  <div class="d-none d-print-block"> <div class="mb-4"> <strong>Citation</strong>: New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome (2023, June 26) retrieved 28 November 2024 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html </div> <div class="border text-muted p-3"> This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only. </div> </div> </div> </article> <hr> <div class="article-main__explore my-4 d-print-none"> <div class="d-flex align-items-center"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#plus" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-bold mb-0 ml-2">Explore further</p> </div> <a class="text-medium text-info mt-2 d-inline-block" href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-04-gut-microbiome-role-autism.html">Gut microbiome plays role in autism</a> </div> <hr class="mb-4"> <div class="article-interaction my-4 d-flex align-items-center d-print-none"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="btn btn-info px-4 py-2 text-regular border-0 mr-4"><span>161</span> shares</a> <ul class="ml-md-auto ml-sm-0 article-interaction__social d-flex"> <li> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="article-interaction__link fb"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_fb_news" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-regular mb-0">Facebook</p> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#" class="article-interaction__link tw" data-title="New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome" data-via="medical_xpress"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_twitter-x" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-regular mb-0">Twitter</p> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#" class="article-interaction__link" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#feedback-email"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_mail_news" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-regular mb-0">Email</p> </a> </li> </ul> <a href="#" class="ml-auto mt-lg-4 mt-xl-0 article-interaction__link" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#feedback-to-editors"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_feedback" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-regular mb-0"> Feedback to editors</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div>  <div class="offset-xl-1 col-md col-lg-4 col-xl-3 article-sidebar d-none d-lg-block d-print-none"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <aside class="categories"> <ul class="categories-controls nav justify-content-between" role="tablist"> <li class="categories-controls__item"> <a class="active" id="nav-featured-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-featured" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-featured" aria-selected="true">Featured</a> </li> <li class="categories-controls__item"> <a id="nav-comments-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-commented" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-commented" aria-selected="false">Last Comments</a> </li> <li class="categories-controls__item"> <a id="nav-popular-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#nav-popular" role="tab" aria-controls="nav-popular" aria-selected="false">Popular</a> </li> </ul> <div class="categories-content tab-content pt-4"> <div class="categories-content__pane story-pane tab-pane fade show active" id="nav-featured" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-featured-tab" data-loaded="true" data-simplebar> <article class="categories-content__item"> <h4><a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-association-daily-testosterone-men-sexual.html">Study finds no association between daily testosterone levels and men's sexual desire</a></h4> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item mr-auto"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">4 hours ago</p> </div> <div class="article__info-item mr-3"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_comment" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low"><span>0</span></p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="categories-content__item"> <h4><a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-kinesio-taping-therapy-carpal-tunnel.html">Kinesio taping may represent a new conservative therapy for some carpal tunnel patients</a></h4> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item mr-auto"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">6 hours ago</p> </div> <div class="article__info-item mr-3"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_comment" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low"><span>0</span></p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="categories-content__item"> <h4><a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-glioblastoma-treatment-mouse.html">Glioblastoma treatment shows promise in mouse study</a></h4> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item mr-auto"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">10 hours ago</p> </div> <div class="article__info-item mr-3"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_comment" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low"><span>0</span></p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="categories-content__item"> <h4><a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-vegetarians-consume-ultra-food-regularly.html">Vegetarians consume more ultra-processed food than those who regularly eat meat, study finds</a></h4> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item mr-auto"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> <div class="article__info-item mr-3"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_comment" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low"><span>0</span></p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="categories-content__item"> <h4><a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-higher-sweet-beverage-tax-null.html">Higher sweet beverage tax shows null result in lowing Philadelphia youth obesity</a></h4> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item mr-auto"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> <div class="article__info-item mr-3"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_comment" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low"><span>0</span></p> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="categories-content__pane story-pane tab-pane fade" id="nav-commented" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-comments-tab"> </div> <div class="categories-content__pane story-pane tab-pane fade" id="nav-popular" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="nav-popular-tab"> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <hr> <div class="my-4 ads" style="min-height: 601px;">  <div data-fuse="23162003378"></div> </div> <div class="row mt-4"> <div class="col-12"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-highlights-racial-disparities-sudden-cardiac.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2022/female-athlete.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Review highlights racial disparities in sudden cardiac arrest and death among athletes</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">7 minutes ago</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-association-daily-testosterone-men-sexual.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/study-shows-mens-sexua.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Study finds no association between daily testosterone levels and men's sexual desire</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">4 hours ago</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-kinesio-taping-therapy-carpal-tunnel.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/kinesio-taping-may-rep.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Kinesio taping may represent a new conservative therapy for some carpal tunnel patients</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">6 hours ago</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-glioblastoma-treatment-mouse.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/glioblastoma-treatment.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Glioblastoma treatment shows promise in mouse study</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">10 hours ago</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-car-cell-therapy-obe-cel.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2017/tcell.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Novel CAR T cell therapy obe-cel demonstrates high response rates in adult patients with advanced B-cell ALL</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">13 hours ago</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-team-key-mechanism-fat-cells.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/cnic-scientists-discov-1.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Team discovers that a key mechanism in fat cells protects the body against energetic excess</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">13 hours ago</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-treatment-asthma-years.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2020/asthma.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>First new treatment for asthma attacks in 50 years</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-hormone-therapy-tablets-linked-heart.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2021/heart-disease.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Certain hormone replacement therapy tablets linked to increased heart disease and blood clot risk</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-therapy-covid-symptoms-effects-modest.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/long-covid.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Talk therapy and rehabilitation may improve long COVID symptoms, but effects are modest</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-clinical-trial-reveals-yearly-hiv.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2021/hiv-1.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Clinical trial reveals twice-yearly injection reduces risk of HIV infection by 96%</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> </div> </div> <div class="ads-sticky my-4 ads ads-336x280">  <div data-fuse="23162003375"></div> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="row">  <div class="col offset-md-2 bf-banner"> <script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0536483524803400" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-0536483524803400" data-ad-slot="9835121248" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div> </div>  <section class="news-related bg-light py-5 d-print-none"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-10 offset-lg-2"> <div class="js-news-related__wrap d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between"> <div class="text-extra-large text-medium"></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-10 offset-lg-2"> <ul id="js-news-related-slider" class="news-related__slider"> <li class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 mb-5"> <h3 class="text-extra-large text-medium">Related Stories</h3> </div> <div class="col-6"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-04-gut-microbiome-role-autism.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2021/1-autism.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Gut microbiome plays role in autism</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Apr 6, 2021</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-11-gut-bacteria-dont-autism-autistic.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2021/gut-bacteria-dont-caus.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Gut bacteria don't cause autism. Autistic kids' microbiome differences are due to picky eating</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 12, 2021</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-12-potentially-links-autism-brain-gut-microbiome.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2021/research-that-potentia.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Research that potentially links autism and brain-gut microbiome</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Dec 20, 2021</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> </div> <div class="col-6"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-12-family-autism-outcomes.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2019/7-children.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Family matters in autism outcomes</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Dec 10, 2019</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-04-fat-molecules-linked-problems-children.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2023/fat-molecules-linked-t.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Fat molecules linked to sleep problems in children with autism</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Apr 21, 2023</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-12-microbiota-therapy-term-gut-health.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2022/study-finds-microbiota.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Study finds microbiota transfer therapy provides long term improvement in gut health in children with autism</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Dec 14, 2022</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> </div> </li> <li class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 mb-5"> <h3 class="text-extra-large text-medium">Recommended for you</h3> </div> <div class="col-6"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-food-additive-carrageenan-disrupt-intestinal.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/food-additive-carragee.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Food additive carrageenan could disrupt intestinal barrier and increase risk of type 2 diabetes</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-gut-fungus-reveals-symbiosis-allergy.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/what-a-gut-fungus-reve-1.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>What a gut fungus reveals about symbiosis and allergy</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-autism-neural-dynamic-range-insights.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2022/autism-1.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Autism and neural dynamic range: Insights into slower, more detailed processing</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 27, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> </div> <div class="col-6"> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-intestinal-infections-bile-composition-immune.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/research-finds-that-in.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Intestinal infections can change bile composition, leading to changes in immune function</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 26, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-inflammatory-bowel-disease-blood-samples.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/ibd-can-be-detected-up.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Inflammatory bowel disease can be detected in blood samples up to 16 years before onset, study suggests</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 26, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> <a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11-gut-term-impact.html" class="selection-link"> <article class="selection-article"> <figure class="selection-article__figure"> <img class="selection-article__image" data-src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/healing-the-gut-can-re.jpg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAUEBAAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=" alt=""> <figcaption class="selection-article__description"> <h5>Healing the gut can reduce long-term impact of stroke, research finds</h5> <div class="article__info"> <div class="article__info-item"> <svg class="article__info-icon"> <use xlink:href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_clock" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> <p class="text-uppercase text-low">Nov 26, 2024</p> </div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </article> </a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </section>  <div class="container ads"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-trendmd"> <iframe class="embed-responsive-item" sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups" allowfullscreen src="//js.trendmd.com/trendmd.amp.html?title=New%20research%20clarifies%20connection%20between%20autism%20and%20the%20microbiome&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedicalxpress.com%2Fnews%2F2023-06-autism-microbiome.html&journalId=62676"> </iframe> </div> </div> <div class="comments-wrapper-new" data-story-id="606998582"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-10 offset-lg-2 article-interaction my-4 d-flex align-items-center d-print-none"> <section class="my-4 text-center w-75"> <a href="Javascript:void(0);" class="btn btn-info border-bold text-low-up px-5 load-comments" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#commentsModal"> Load comments (0) </a> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <section id="news-more" data-ads=""></section>   <div class="modal fade modal-custom d-print-none" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" id="feedback-to-editors"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title text-center">Let us know if there is a problem with our content</h5> <button class="modal-custom__close" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_close" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </button> </div> <form class="modal-custom-form" name="feedback" action="https://sciencex.com/api/story/feedback/606998582/" novalidate> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="form-group"> <p class="article-main__more p-4 mb-4"> Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page. For general inquiries, please use our <a href="https://sciencex.com/help/feedback/" target="_blank">contact form</a>. For general feedback, use the public comments section below (please <a href="https://sciencex.com/help/comments/" target="_blank">adhere to guidelines</a>). </p> <p>Please select the most appropriate category to facilitate processing of your request</p> <select name="type" class="form-control" required> <optgroup> <option hidden disabled selected value="spam"> -- please select one -- </option> <option value="general">Compliments / Critique</option> <option value="typo">Typos / Errors / Inaccuracies</option> <option value="request">Edit / Removal request</option> </optgroup> </select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="modal-feedback-message">Your message to the editors</label> <textarea name="comments" class="form-control no-resize" id="modal-feedback-message" rows="6" required></textarea> </div> <div class="row align-items-end"> <div class="col-md-7"> <div class="form-group mb-0"> <label for="modal-feedback-email">Your email (only if you want to be contacted back)</label> <input type="email" name="emailFrom" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="modal-feedback-email" placeholder="optional"> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-auto ml-auto text-center text-md-left mt-4 mt-md-0"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-warning text-bold text-low-up px-5">Send Feedback</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="message p-3 d-none"> <p>Thank you for taking time to provide your feedback to the editors.</p> <p>Your feedback is important to us. However, we do not guarantee individual replies due to the high volume of messages. </p> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal fade modal-custom modal-custom-email d-print-none" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" id="feedback-email"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header mb-4"> <h6 class="text-low-up text-uppercase text-center modal-custom-subtitle">E-mail the story</h6> <h5 class="modal-title text-center with-hr">New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome</h5> <button class="modal-custom__close" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_close" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <form class="modal-custom-form" name="email" method="post" action="https://sciencex.com/api/story/email/606998582/" novalidate > <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="modal-email-frend">Your friend's email</label> <input type="email" name="emailTo" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="modal-email-frend" value="" required> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="modal-email-self">Your email</label> <input type="email" name="emailFrom" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="modal-email-self" required> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="checkbox" name="nwletter" value="1" id="modal-email-subscribe" class="modal-custom-form__checkbox"> <label for="modal-email-subscribe"> I would like to subscribe to Science X Newsletter. <a href="https://sciencex.com/help/newsletter/" class="text-info" target="_blank">Learn more</a> </label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="modal-email-name">Your name</label> <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="modal-email-name"> </div> <div class="modal-custom-email__notice mb-4 mb-md-0"> <h6 class="text-low mb-2">Note</h6> <p class="text-low text-regular"> Your email address is used <strong>only</strong> to let the recipient know who sent the email. Neither your address nor the recipient's address will be used for any other purpose. The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Medical Xpress in any form. </p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="modal-email-message">Your message</label> <textarea name="comments" class="form-control no-resize" id="modal-email-message" rows="8"></textarea> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <small class="text-warning" id="email-error"></small> </div> <div class="col-auto mx-auto mt-4"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-warning text-low-up">Send</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal fade modal-custom d-print-none" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" id="notify"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header mb-4"> <button class="modal-custom__close" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_close" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="alert alert-info mb-4" role="alert"> <div class="col-9"> <p class="modal-message"></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div class="popup-cookies bg-primary" id="js-popup-nwletter"> <div class="modal-header mb-4"> <button class="modal-custom__close" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_close" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> </button> </div> <form action="#" name="popup-nwletter" class="form-row mt-4"> <div class="col-12 mb-2"> <h4 class="text-extra-large mb-4">Newsletter sign up</h4> <p class="text-low-up text-regular"> Get weekly and/or daily updates delivered to your inbox. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share your details to third parties. </p> </div> <div class="col-8 mb-4"> <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control form-control-lg" aria-describedby="emailHelp" placeholder="Email"> </div> <div class="col-4"> <input type="hidden" name="project" value="medx"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-block btn-warning border-bold">Subscribe</button> </div> <div class="col-12"> <p> <a href="https://sciencex.com/help/newsletter/" class="popup-cookies-more pr-4" target="_blank">More information</a> <a href="https://sciencex.com/help/privacy/" class="popup-cookies-more" target="_blank">Privacy policy</a> </p> </div> </form> </div> <div class="popup-cookies bg-primary" id="js-popup-donate"> <div class="modal-header mb-4"> <button class="modal-custom__close" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_close" x="0" y="0"></use> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="row mt-4"> <div class="col-12 mb-2"> <h4 class="text-extra-large mb-4">Donate and enjoy an ad-free experience</h4> <p class="text-low-up text-regular"> We keep our content available to everyone. Consider supporting Science X's mission by getting a premium account. </p> </div> <div class="col-4"> <a href="https://sciencex.com/donate/" class="btn btn-block btn-success border-bold">Remove ads</a> </div> <div class="col-4"> <a href="https://sciencex.com/donate/" data-dismiss="modal" class="btn btn-block btn-secondary border-bold">Maybe later</a> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="footer d-print-none"> <div class="footer-partners bg-white py-5"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 mb-4 mb-md-0"> <a href="https://phys.org/" class="footer-company"> <figure class="footer-figure"> <img src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/Physorg.svg" alt="Phys.org"> <figcaption> <h3 class="text-low-up mb-2">Phys.org</h3> <p class="text-low mb-0">Daily science news on research developments and the latest scientific innovations</p> </figcaption> </figure> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4 mb-4 mb-md-0"> <a href="https://techxplore.com/" class="footer-company"> <figure class="footer-figure"> <img src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/TechXplore.png" alt="Tech Xplore" width="58" height="58"> <figcaption> <h3 class="text-low-up mb-2">Tech Xplore</h3> <p class="text-low mb-0">The latest engineering, electronics and technology advances</p> </figcaption> </figure> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <a href="https://sciencex.com/" class="footer-company"> <figure class="footer-figure"> <img src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/ScienceX.svg" alt="ScienceX"> <figcaption> <h3 class="text-low-up mb-2">Science X</h3> <p class="text-low mb-0"> The most comprehensive sci-tech news coverage on the web</p> </figcaption> </figure> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row pt-5 mb-5"> <div class="col-8 col-xl-5 offset-xl-1 mb-5 mb-md-0"> <h2 class="footer-title mb-3 mb-md-2">Newsletters</h2> <form action="#" name="nwsubscribe" class="footer-form"> <div class="form-row align-items-start"> <div class="col-7 mb-4"> <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control form-control-lg" aria-describedby="emailHelp" placeholder="Email"> </div> <div class="col-4"> <input type="hidden" name="project" value="medx"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-block btn-warning border-bold">Subscribe</button> </div> </div> <div class="form-row"> <div class="col mb-4"> <span id="emailHelp" class="form-text text-low-up text-regular"> Science X Daily and the Weekly Email Newsletter are free features that allow you to receive your favorite sci-tech news updates in your email inbox </span> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-xl-5"> <h2 class="footer-title mb-3 mb-md-2">Follow us</h2> <ul class="follow"> <li class="follow-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/medicalxpress" class="follow-link" target="_blank"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_fb" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="follow-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/medical_xpress" class="follow-link" target="_blank"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_twitter-x" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a></li> <li class="follow-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/medical-xpress/" class="follow-link" target="_blank"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_linkedin" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a></li> <li class="follow-item"><a href="https://medicalxpress.com/feeds/" class="follow-link"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_rss" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row mb-5"> <div class="col-xl-10 offset-xl-1"> <nav class="nav footer-nav justify-content-between"> <ul class="nav flex-column"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#" rel="top">Top</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/search/">Search</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-autism-microbiome.html?deviceType=mobile" rel="nofollow">Mobile version</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav flex-column"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://sciencex.com/help/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Help</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://sciencex.com/help/contactus/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">FAQ</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://sciencex.com/help/about-us/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">About</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://sciencex.com/help/feedback/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Contact</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav flex-column"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://sciencex.com/profile/">Science X Account</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://sciencex.com/help/donate/">Premium Account</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://sciencex.com/help/newsletter/">Newsletter</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/archive/">Archive</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav flex-column"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.PhysOrg.healthFree">Android app</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/medical-xpress/id412403837?mt=8">iOS app</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://medicalxpress.com/feeds/">RSS feeds</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="javascript:void(0)" data-action="webpush">Push notification</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="row pb-3"> <div class="col-12 text-center"> <small class="text-low-up text-regular">© Medical Xpress 2011 - 2024 powered by <a href="https://sciencex.com/">Science X Network</a></small> </div> <div class="col-12 mt-3 text-center"> <a class="footer-document" href="https://sciencex.com/help/privacy/" target="_blank">Privacy policy</a> <a class="footer-document" href="https://sciencex.com/help/terms/" target="_blank">Terms of use</a> <a class="footer-document" href="https://sciencex.com/help/disclaimer/" target="_blank">Medical Disclaimer</a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="modal fade modal-custom d-print-none" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" id="subscribe"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header mb-4"> <button class="modal-custom__close" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_close" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <h4 class="footer-title mb-3">E-mail newsletter</h4> <form class="row mb-4" name="nwsubscribe"> <div class="col-sm-8"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="nw-email" placeholder="email" required> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4"> <input type="hidden" name="project" value="medx"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-block btn-warning text-low-up">Subscribe</button> </div> </form> <h4 class="footer-title mb-3">Follow us</h4> <ul class="follow"> <li class="follow-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/TechxploreCom" class="follow-link" target="_blank"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_fb" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="follow-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/techxplore_com" class="follow-link" target="_blank"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_twitter-x" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a></li> <li class="follow-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/tech-xplore/" class="follow-link" target="_blank"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_linkedin" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a></li> <li class="follow-item"><a href="https://medicalxpress.com/feeds/" class="follow-link"> <svg> <use href="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_rss" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <template id="adblock"> <div class="alert py-2 bg-danger fade" role="alert"> <div class="container text-white"> <a href="https://sciencex.com/help/adblock/" class="link-white"> It appears that you are currently using <strong id="adblock-type">Ad Blocking software</strong>. What are the consequences? </a> <button type="button" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="text-white">×</span> </button> </div> </div> </template> <script src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/js/svgxuse.601969890.js"></script> <script src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/js/libs.601969890.js"></script> <script src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/js/common.322202754.js"></script> <script src="https://medx.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/js/news.601969890.js"></script> <script id="facebook-jssdk" async="" src="//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"></script> <script> window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId : '325486637469240', // App ID channelUrl : 'https://medicalxpress.com/fb_channel.htm', // Channel File version : 'v2.12', status : true, // check login status cookie : true, // enable cookies to allow the server to access the session xfbml : true // parse XFBML }); }; </script> <script> var _qevents = _qevents || []; (function() { var elem = document.createElement('script'); elem.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://secure" : "http://edge") + ".quantserve.com/quant.js"; elem.async = true; elem.type = "text/javascript"; var scpt = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scpt.parentNode.insertBefore(elem, scpt); })(); _qevents.push([ {qacct:"p-5dNhPAnM9r0yY"}, {qacct:"p-522H9WlBHUNiI"} ]); </script> <noscript> <div style="display:none;"> <img src="//pixel.quantserve.com/pixel?a.1=p-522H9WlBHUNiI.gif&?a.2=p-5dNhPAnM9r0yY" border="0" height="1" width="1" alt="Quantcast"/> </div> </noscript>  </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

New research clarifies connection between autism and the microbiome