CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: locally made effective microorganisms</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: locally made effective microorganisms"> <meta name="keywords" content="locally made effective microorganisms"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="locally made effective microorganisms" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="locally made effective microorganisms"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 16834</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: locally made effective microorganisms</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16804</span> Identifying Coloring in Graphs with Twins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souad%20Slimani">Souad Slimani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvain%20Gravier"> Sylvain Gravier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Schmidt"> Simon Schmidt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, several vertex identifying notions were introduced (identifying coloring, lid-coloring,...); these notions were inspired by identifying codes. All of them, as well as original identifying code, is based on separating two vertices according to some conditions on their closed neighborhood. Therefore, twins can not be identified. So most of known results focus on twin-free graph. Here, we show how twins can modify optimal value of vertex-identifying parameters for identifying coloring and locally identifying coloring. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identifying%20coloring" title="identifying coloring">identifying coloring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20identifying%20coloring" title=" locally identifying coloring"> locally identifying coloring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twins" title=" twins"> twins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separating" title=" separating"> separating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121497/identifying-coloring-in-graphs-with-twins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16803</span> The Production of Biofertilizer from Naturally Occurring Microorganisms by Using Nuclear Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20Al-Mugren">K. S. Al-Mugren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Yahya"> A. Yahya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Alodah"> S. Alodah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Alharbi"> R. Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Almsaid"> S. H. Almsaid </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Alqahtani"> A. Alqahtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Jaber"> H. Jaber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Basaqer"> A. Basaqer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Alajra"> N. Alajra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Almoghati"> N. Almoghati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Alsalman"> A. Alsalman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Alharbi"> Khalid Alharbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: The production of biofertilizers from naturally occurring microorganisms is an area of research that aims to enhance agricultural practices by utilizing local resources. This research project focuses on isolating and screening indigenous microorganisms with PK-fixing and phosphate solubilizing characteristics from local sources. Research Aim: The aim of this project is to develop a biofertilizer product using indigenous microorganisms and composted agro waste as a carrier. The objective is to enhance crop productivity and soil fertility through the application of biofertilizers. Methodology: The research methodology includes several key steps. Firstly, indigenous microorganisms will be isolated from local resources using the ten-fold serial dilutions technique. Screening assays will be conducted to identify microorganisms with phosphate solubilizing and PK-fixing activities. Agro-waste materials will be collected from local agricultural sources, and composting experiments will be conducted to convert them into organic matter-rich compost. Physicochemical analysis will be performed to assess the composition of the composted agro-waste. Gamma and X-ray irradiation will be used to sterilize the carrier material. The sterilized carrier will be tested for sterility using the ten-fold serial dilutions technique. Finally, selected indigenous microorganisms will be developed into biofertilizer products. Findings: The research aims to find suitable indigenous microorganisms with phosphate solubilizing and PK-fixing characteristics for biofertilizer production. Additionally, the research aims to assess the suitability of composted agro waste as a carrier for biofertilizers. The impact of gamma irradiation sterilization on pathogen elimination will also be investigated. Theoretical Importance: This research contributes to the understanding of utilizing indigenous microorganisms and composted agro waste for biofertilizer production. It expands knowledge on the potential benefits of biofertilizers in enhancing crop productivity and soil fertility. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: The data collection process involves isolating indigenous microorganisms, conducting screening assays, collecting and composting agro waste, analyzing the physicochemical composition of composted agro waste, and testing carrier sterilization. The analysis procedures include assessing the abilities of indigenous microorganisms, evaluating the composition of composted agro waste, and determining the sterility of the carrier material. Conclusion: The research project aims to develop biofertilizer products using indigenous microorganisms and composted agro waste as a carrier. Through the isolation and screening of indigenous microorganisms, the project aims to enhance crop productivity and soil fertility by utilizing local resources. The research findings will contribute to the understanding of the suitability of composted agro waste as a carrier and the efficacy of gamma irradiation sterilization. The research outcomes will have theoretical importance in the field of biofertilizer production and agricultural practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofertilizer" title="biofertilizer">biofertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agro%20waste" title=" agro waste"> agro waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20technologies" title=" nuclear technologies"> nuclear technologies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173328/the-production-of-biofertilizer-from-naturally-occurring-microorganisms-by-using-nuclear-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16802</span> Impact of Edible Coatings Made of Chitosan and Spray Dried Propolis in the Shell Life of White Cachama (Piaractus brachypomus)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Guillermo%20Piedrahita%20Marquez">David Guillermo Piedrahita Marquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hector%20Suarez%20Mahecha"> Hector Suarez Mahecha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jairo%20%20Humberto%20Lopez"> Jairo Humberto Lopez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a need to preserve aquaculture matrices due to their high nutritional value, and its broad consumption, one of those species is the white cachama (Piaractus brachypomus), this fish is located in the rivers of eastern Colombia, and the previously mentioned species needs more study. Therefore, in a paper the effects of an alternative method of preservation of shell life were investigated, the method used is the application of an edible coating made from chitosan and ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) encapsulated in maltodextrin. The coating was applied by immersion, and after that, we investigated the post mortem quality changes of the fish performing physicochemical and microbiological analysis. pH, volatile bases, test thiobarbituric acid and peroxide value were tested; finally, we studied the effect of the coating on mesophilic strains, coliforms and other microorganisms such as Staphylococcus, and Salmonella. Finally, we concluded that the coating prolongs the shelf life because it acts as a barrier to oxygen and moisture, the bioactive compounds trap free radicals and the coatings changes the metabolism and cause the cell lysis of the microorganisms. It was determined that the concentration of malonaldehyde, the volatile basic nitrogen content and pH are the variables that distinguish more clearly between the samples with the treatment and the control samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title="antimicrobial activity">antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20oxidation" title=" lipid oxidation"> lipid oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture%20profile%20analysis%20%28TPA%29" title=" texture profile analysis (TPA)"> texture profile analysis (TPA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensorial%20analysis" title=" sensorial analysis"> sensorial analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxide%20value" title=" peroxide value"> peroxide value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiobarbituric%20acid%20assay%20%28TBA%29" title=" thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA)"> thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20volatile%20basic%20nitrogen%20%28TVB-N%29" title=" total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N)"> total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62819/impact-of-edible-coatings-made-of-chitosan-and-spray-dried-propolis-in-the-shell-life-of-white-cachama-piaractus-brachypomus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16801</span> Structural Behavior of Lightweight Concrete Made With Scoria Aggregates and Mineral Admixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shannag">M. Shannag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Charif"> A. Charif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Naser"> S. Naser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Faisal"> F. Faisal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Karim"> A. Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Structural lightweight concrete is used primarily to reduce the dead-load weight in concrete members such as floors in high-rise buildings and bridge decks. With given materials, it is generally desired to have the highest possible strength/unit weight ratio with the lowest cost of concrete. The work presented herein is part of an ongoing research project that investigates the properties of concrete mixes containing locally available Scoria lightweight aggregates and mineral admixtures. Properties considered included: workability, unit weight, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength. Test results indicated that developing structural lightweight concretes (SLWC) using locally available Scoria lightweight aggregates and specific blends of silica fume and fly ash seems to be feasible. The stress-strain diagrams plotted for the structural LWC mixes developed in this investigation were comparable to a typical stress-strain diagram for normal weight concrete with relatively larger strain capacity at failure in case of LWC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweight%20concrete" title="lightweight concrete">lightweight concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scoria" title=" scoria"> scoria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain" title=" strain"> strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20fume" title=" silica fume"> silica fume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title=" fly ash"> fly ash</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1351/structural-behavior-of-lightweight-concrete-made-with-scoria-aggregates-and-mineral-admixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16800</span> Development of Cost Effective Ultra High Performance Concrete by Using Locally Available Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Sifan">Mohamed Sifan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brabha%20Nagaratnam"> Brabha Nagaratnam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julian%20Thamboo"> Julian Thamboo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keerthan%20Poologanathan"> Keerthan Poologanathan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is a type of cementitious material known for its exceptional strength, ductility, and durability. However, its production is often associated with high costs due to the significant amount of cementitious materials required and the use of fine powders to achieve the desired strength. The aim of this research is to explore the feasibility of developing cost-effective UHPC mixes using locally available materials. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the use of coarse limestone sand along with other sand types, namely, basalt sand, dolomite sand, and river sand for developing UHPC mixes and evaluating its performances. The study utilises the particle packing model to develop various UHPC mixes. The particle packing model involves optimising the combination of coarse limestone sand, basalt sand, dolomite sand, and river sand to achieve the desired properties of UHPC. The developed UHPC mixes are then evaluated based on their workability (measured through slump flow and mini slump value), compressive strength (at 7, 28, and 90 days), splitting tensile strength, and microstructural characteristics analysed through scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The results of this study demonstrate that cost-effective UHPC mixes can be developed using locally available materials without the need for silica fume or fly ash. The UHPC mixes achieved impressive compressive strengths of up to 149 MPa at 28 days with a cement content of approximately 750 kg/m³. The mixes also exhibited varying levels of workability, with slump flow values ranging from 550 to 850 mm. Additionally, the inclusion of coarse limestone sand in the mixes effectively reduced the demand for superplasticizer and served as a filler material. By exploring the use of coarse limestone sand and other sand types, this study provides valuable insights into optimising the particle packing model for UHPC production. The findings highlight the potential to reduce costs associated with UHPC production without compromising its strength and durability. The study collected data on the workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and microstructural characteristics of the developed UHPC mixes. Workability was measured using slump flow and mini slump tests, while compressive strength and splitting tensile strength were assessed at different curing periods. Microstructural characteristics were analysed through SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The collected data were then analysed and interpreted to evaluate the performance and properties of the UHPC mixes. The research successfully demonstrates the feasibility of developing cost-effective UHPC mixes using locally available materials. The inclusion of coarse limestone sand, in combination with other sand types, shows promising results in achieving high compressive strengths and satisfactory workability. The findings suggest that the use of the particle packing model can optimise the combination of materials and reduce the reliance on expensive additives such as silica fume and fly ash. This research provides valuable insights for researchers and construction practitioners aiming to develop cost-effective UHPC mixes using readily available materials and an optimised particle packing approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost-effective" title="cost-effective">cost-effective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limestone%20powder" title=" limestone powder"> limestone powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20packing%20model" title=" particle packing model"> particle packing model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra%20high%20performance%20concrete" title=" ultra high performance concrete"> ultra high performance concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167177/development-of-cost-effective-ultra-high-performance-concrete-by-using-locally-available-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16799</span> Potential of Native Microorganisms in Tagus Estuary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20C.%20Sousa">Ana C. Sousa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatriz%20C.%20Santos"> Beatriz C. Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%C3%A1tima%20N.%20Serralha"> Fátima N. Serralha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Tagus estuary is heavily affected by industrial and urban activities, making bioremediation studies crucial for environmental preservation. Fuel contamination in the area can arise from various anthropogenic sources, such as oil spills from shipping, fuel storage and transfer operations, and industrial discharges. These pollutants can cause severe harm to the ecosystem and the organisms, including humans, that inhabit it. Nonetheless, there are always natural organisms with the ability to resist these pollutants and transform them into non-toxic or harmless substances, which defines the process of bioremediation. Exploring the microbial communities existing in soil and their capacity to break down hydrocarbons has the potential to enhance the development of more efficient bioremediation approaches. The aim of this investigation was to explore the existence of hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms in six locations within the Tagus estuary, three on the north bank: Trancão River, Praia Fluvial do Cais das Colinas and Praia de Algés, and three on the south bank: Praia Fluvial de Alcochete, Praia Fluvial de Alburrica, and Praia da Trafaria. In all studied locations, native microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas were identified. The bioremediation rate of common hydrocarbons like gasoline, hexane, and toluene was assessed using the redox indicator 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP). Effective hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial strains were identified in all analyzed areas, despite adverse environmental conditions. The highest bioremediation rates were achieved for gasoline (68%) in Alburrica, hexane (65%) in Algés, and toluene (79%) in Algés. Generally, the bacteria demonstrated efficient degradation of hydrocarbons added to the culture medium, with higher rates of aerobic biodegradation of hydrocarbons observed. These findings underscore the necessity for further in situ studies to better comprehend the relationship between native microbial communities and the potential for pollutant degradation in soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradability%20rate" title="biodegradability rate">biodegradability rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbonoclastic%20microorganisms" title=" hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms"> hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20bioremediation" title=" soil bioremediation"> soil bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tagus%20estuary" title=" tagus estuary"> tagus estuary</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164117/potential-of-native-microorganisms-in-tagus-estuary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16798</span> Menstrual Hygiene Management among Young Unmarried Women in India </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enu%20Anand">Enu Anand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayakant%20Singh"> Jayakant Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Menstruation among women is an integral part and a natural process that starts with menarche and stops at menopause. Women use sanitary pad, clothes and other methods to prevent blood stain from becoming evident. This paper examines the prevalence and discrepancies in use of hygienic method during menstruation among unmarried women in India using nationally representative District Level Household and facility Survey data (2007-08). The findings suggest that only one-third of the study population used hygienic method during menstruation. Rural-urban and poor-non poor disparity persists across all background characteristics in use of hygienic method. Women with high school and above education (OR=8.8, p<0.001), from richest wealth quintile (OR=5.2, p<0.001) and women following Christian religion (OR=3.6, p<0.001) are more likely to use hygienic method as compared to women with no education, poor household and Hindu women respectively. Locally prepared, low-cost sanitary pads can be promoted across the country for easy accessibility and affordability. Efforts should be made to produce locally prepared low-cost sanitary napkins in bulk and supply it through female health workers such as ANM and Anganwadi worker across the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menstrual%20hygiene" title="menstrual hygiene">menstrual hygiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanitary%20pad" title=" sanitary pad"> sanitary pad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmarried%20women" title=" unmarried women"> unmarried women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40715/menstrual-hygiene-management-among-young-unmarried-women-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16797</span> Findings in Vascular Catheter Cultures at the Laboratory of Microbiology of General Hospital during One Year</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Christodoulou">P. Christodoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Gerasimou"> M. Gerasimou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mantzoukis"> S. Mantzoukis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Varsamis"> N. Varsamis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kolliopoulou"> G. Kolliopoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Zotos"> N. Zotos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract— Purpose: The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) environment is conducive to the growth of microorganisms. A variety of microorganisms gain access to the intravascular area and are transported throughout the circulatory system. Therefore, examination of the catheters used in ICU patients is of paramount importance. Material and Method: The culture medium is a catheter tip, which is enriched with Tryptic soy broth (TSB). After one day of incubation, the broth is passaged in the following selective media: Blood, Mac conkey No. 2, chocolate, Mueller Hinton, Chapman, and Saboureaud agar. The above selective media is incubated for 2 days. After this period, if any number of microbial colonies is detected, gram staining is performed and then the microorganisms are identified by biochemical techniques in the automated Microscan (Siemens) system followed by a sensitivity test in the same system using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) technique. The sensitivity test is verified by a Kirby Bauer test. Results: In 2017, the Microbiology Laboratory received 84 catheters from the ICU. 42 were found positive. Of these, S. epidermidis was identified at 8, A. baumannii in 10, K. pneumoniae in 6, P. aeruginosa in 6, P. mirabilis in 3, S. simulans in 1, S. haemolyticus in 4, S. aureus in 3 and S. hominis in 1. Conclusions: The results show that the placement and maintenance of the catheters in ICU patients are relatively successful, despite the unfavorable environment of the unit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title="culture">culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20unit" title=" intensive care unit"> intensive care unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular%20catheters" title=" vascular catheters"> vascular catheters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103186/findings-in-vascular-catheter-cultures-at-the-laboratory-of-microbiology-of-general-hospital-during-one-year" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16796</span> Single-Section Fermentation Reactor with Cellular Mixing System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcin%20D%C4%99bowski">Marcin Dębowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcin%20Zieli%C5%84ski"> Marcin Zieliński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miros%C5%82aw%20Krzemieniewski"> Mirosław Krzemieniewski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This publication presents a reactor designed for methane fermentation of organic substrates. The design is based on rotating cellular cylinders connected to a biomass feeder and an ultrasonic generator. This allows for simultaneous mixing and partial disintegration of the biomass, as well as stimulating higher metabolic rates within the microorganisms. Such a design allows from 2-fold to 14-fold reduction of power usage when compared to conventional mixing systems. The sludge does not undergo mechanical deformation during the mixing process, which improves substrate biodegradation efficiency by 10-15%. Cavitation occurs near the surface of the rods, partially releasing the biomass and separating it from the destroyed microorganisms. Biogas is released further away from the cellular cylinder rods due to the effect of the ultrasonic waves, in addition to increased biochemical activity of the microorganisms and increased exchange of the nutrient medium with metabolic products, which results in biogas production increase by about 15%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane%20fermentation" title="methane fermentation">methane fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioreactors" title=" bioreactors"> bioreactors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title=" biomass"> biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixing%20system" title=" mixing system"> mixing system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3540/single-section-fermentation-reactor-with-cellular-mixing-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16795</span> The Impact of the Genetic Groups of Microorganisms on the Production of Mousy-Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20Moulis">Pierre Moulis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markus%20Herderich"> Markus Herderich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doris%20Rauhut"> Doris Rauhut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Ballestra"> Patricia Ballestra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, it is starting to be more frequent to detect wines with mousy off-flavor. The reasons behind this could be the significant decrease in sulphur dioxide, the increase in pH, and the trend for spontaneous fermentation in wine. This off-flavor can be produced by Brettanomyces bruxellensis or some Lactic acid bacteria. So far there is no study working on the influence of the genetic group on the production of these microorganisms. Objectives: The objectives of this research are to increase knowledge and to have a better understanding of the microbiological phenomena related to the production of the mousy off-flavor in the wine. Methodologies: In this research, microorganisms were screened in an N-heterocycle assay medium (this medium contained all known precursors) and the production of mousy compounds was quantified by Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SBSE-GC-MS). Main contributions: Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Oenococcus oeni could produce mousiness at a different amount depending on the strain. But there is no group effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mousy%20off-flavor" title="mousy off-flavor">mousy off-flavor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wine" title=" wine"> wine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brettanomyces%20bruxellensis" title=" Brettanomyces bruxellensis"> Brettanomyces bruxellensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oenococcus%20oeni" title=" Oenococcus oeni"> Oenococcus oeni</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154006/the-impact-of-the-genetic-groups-of-microorganisms-on-the-production-of-mousy-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16794</span> Microbial Dark Matter Analysis Using 16S rRNA Gene Metagenomics Sequences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hana%20Barak">Hana Barak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alex%20Sivan"> Alex Sivan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ariel%20Kushmaro"> Ariel Kushmaro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microorganisms are the most diverse and abundant life forms on Earth and account for a large portion of the Earth’s biomass and biodiversity. To date though, our knowledge regarding microbial life is lacking, as it is based mainly on information from cultivated organisms. Indeed, microbiologists have borrowed from astrophysics and termed the ‘uncultured microbial majority’ as ‘microbial dark matter’. The realization of how diverse and unexplored microorganisms are, actually stems from recent advances in molecular biology, and in particular from novel methods for sequencing microbial small subunit ribosomal RNA genes directly from environmental samples termed next-generation sequencing (NGS). This has led us to use NGS that generates several gigabases of sequencing data in a single experimental run, to identify and classify environmental samples of microorganisms. In metagenomics sequencing analysis (both 16S and shotgun), sequences are compared to reference databases that contain only small part of the existing microorganisms and therefore their taxonomy assignment may reveal groups of unknown microorganisms or origins. These unknowns, or the ‘microbial sequences dark matter’, are usually ignored in spite of their great importance. The goal of this work was to develop an improved bioinformatics method that enables more complete analyses of the microbial communities in numerous environments. Therefore, NGS was used to identify previously unknown microorganisms from three different environments (industrials wastewater, Negev Desert’s rocks and water wells at the Arava valley). 16S rRNA gene metagenome analysis of the microorganisms from those three environments produce about ~4 million reads for 75 samples. Between 0.1-12% of the sequences in each sample were tagged as ‘Unassigned’. Employing relatively simple methodology for resequencing of original gDNA samples through Sanger or MiSeq Illumina with specific primers, this study demonstrates that the mysterious ‘Unassigned’ group apparently contains sequences of candidate phyla. Those unknown sequences can be located on a phylogenetic tree and thus provide a better understanding of the ‘sequences dark matter’ and its role in the research of microbial communities and diversity. Studying this ‘dark matter’ will extend the existing databases and could reveal the hidden potential of the ‘microbial dark matter’. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioinformatics" title=" bioinformatics"> bioinformatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dark%20matter" title=" dark matter"> dark matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Next%20Generation%20Sequencing" title=" Next Generation Sequencing"> Next Generation Sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unknown" title=" unknown"> unknown</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97387/microbial-dark-matter-analysis-using-16s-rrna-gene-metagenomics-sequences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16793</span> Comparison of Methods for the Detection of Biofilm Formation in Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria Species Isolated from Dairy Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goksen%20Arik">Goksen Arik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihriban%20Korukluoglu"> Mihriban Korukluoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and some yeast species are common microorganisms found in dairy products and most of them are responsible for the fermentation of foods. Such cultures are isolated and used as a starter culture in the food industry because of providing standardisation of the final product during the food processing. Choice of starter culture is the most important step for the production of fermented food. Isolated LAB and yeast cultures which have the ability to create a biofilm layer can be preferred as a starter in the food industry. The biofilm formation could be beneficial to extend the period of usage time of microorganisms as a starter. On the other hand, it is an undesirable property in pathogens, since biofilm structure allows a microorganism become more resistant to stress conditions such as antibiotic presence. It is thought that the resistance mechanism could be turned into an advantage by promoting the effective microorganisms which are used in the food industry as starter culture and also which have potential to stimulate the gastrointestinal system. Development of the biofilm layer is observed in some LAB and yeast strains. The resistance could make LAB and yeast strains dominant microflora in the human gastrointestinal system; thus, competition against pathogen microorganisms can be provided more easily. Based on this circumstance, in the study, 10 LAB and 10 yeast strains were isolated from various dairy products, such as cheese, yoghurt, kefir, and cream. Samples were obtained from farmer markets and bazaars in Bursa, Turkey. As a part of this research, all isolated strains were identified and their ability of biofilm formation was detected with two different methods and compared with each other. The first goal of this research was to determine whether <em>isolates</em> have the potential for <em>biofilm</em> production, and the second was to compare the validity of two different methods, which are known as “Tube method” and “96-well plate-based method”. This study may offer an insight into developing a point of view about biofilm formation and its beneficial properties in LAB and yeast cultures used as a starter in the food industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title="biofilm">biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20products" title=" dairy products"> dairy products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeast" title=" yeast"> yeast</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61705/comparison-of-methods-for-the-detection-of-biofilm-formation-in-yeast-and-lactic-acid-bacteria-species-isolated-from-dairy-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16792</span> Management of Pressure Ulcer with a Locally Constructed Negative Pressure Device (NPD) in Traumatic Paraplegia Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20K.%20Dwivedi">Mukesh K. Dwivedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeshwar%20N.%20Srivastava"> Rajeshwar N. Srivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20K.%20Bhagat"> Amit K. Bhagat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saloni%20Raj"> Saloni Raj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Management of Pressure Ulcer (PU) is an ongoing clinical challenge particularly in traumatic paraplegia patients in developing countries where socio economic conditions often dictate treatment modalities. When negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) was introduced, there were a series of devices (V.A.C., KCI, San Antonio, TX) manufactured. These devices for NPWT are costly and hard to afford by patients in developing countries like India. Considering this limitation, this study was planned to design an RCT to compare NPWT by an indigenized locally constructed NPD and conventional gauze dressing for the treatment of PU. Material and Methods: This RCT (CTRI/2014/09/0050) was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at King George’s Medical University (KGMU), India. Thirty-four (34) subjects of traumatic paraplegia having PU of stage 3 or 4, were enrolled and randomized in two treatment groups (NPWT Group & Conventional dressing group). The outcome measures of this study were surface area and depth of PU, exudates, microorganisms and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) during 0 to 9 weeks follow-ups. Levels of MMP-8 were analyzed in the tissues of PU at week 0, 3, 6 and week 9 by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Significantly reduced length of PU in NPWT group was observed at week 6 (p=0.04) which further reduced at week 9 (p=0.001) as compared to conventionally treated group. Similarly significant reduction of width and depth of PU was observed in NPWT at week 9 (p<0.05). The exudate became significantly (p=0.001) lower in NPWT group as compared with conventionally treated group from 6th to 9th week. Clearance and conversion of slough into red granulation tissue was significantly higher in NPWT group (p=0.001). At week 9, the wound culture was negative in all the subjects of NPWT group, while it was positive in 10 (41⋅6%) subjects of conventional group. Significantly lower level of MMP-8 was observed in subjects of NPWT group at week 6 (0.006**), and continually more reduction was observed at week 9 (<0.0001**) as compared to the conventional group. Conclusion: NPWT by locally constructed NPD is better wound care procedure for management of PU. Our device gave similar results as commercially available devices. Reduction of level of MMP-8 and increased rate of healing was achieved by negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) as compared to conventional dressing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NPWT" title="NPWT">NPWT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NPD" title=" NPD"> NPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MMP8" title=" MMP8"> MMP8</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ELISA" title=" ELISA"> ELISA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53202/management-of-pressure-ulcer-with-a-locally-constructed-negative-pressure-device-npd-in-traumatic-paraplegia-patients-a-randomized-controlled-clinical-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16791</span> Characterization of Calcined Clay Blended Self Compacting Concrete-Correlation between Super-Plasticizer Dosage and Self Compacting Concrete Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumator%20Josiphiah%20Taku">Kumator Josiphiah Taku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainability in construction is essential to the economic construction and can be achieved by the use of locally available construction materials. This research work, thus, uses locally available materials –calcined clay and Sandcrete SPR-300 superplasticizer in the production of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) by investigating the correlation between the superplasticizer dosage and the fresh and hardened states properties of a grade 50 SCC made by incorporating a Calcined Clay (CC) – Portland Limestone Cement (PLC) blend as the cementitious matter at 20% replacement of PLC with CC and using CC as filler. The superplasticizer dosage was varied from 0.4 to 3.0% by weight of cementitious material and the slump, v-funnel, L-box and strength parameters investigated. The result shows a positive correlation between the increased dosage of the superplasticizer and the fresh and hardened states properties of the SCC up to 2% dosage. The J¬Spread¬, t¬500J¬, Slump flow, L-box H¬2¬/H¬1 ¬ratio and strength, all increases with SP dosage while the V-funnel flow decreased with SP dosage. Overall, SP ratio of 0.5 to 2.0 can be used in improving the properties of SCC produced using calcined clay both as filler and cementitious material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcined%20clay" title="calcined clay">calcined clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fresh-state%20properties%20of%20SCC" title=" fresh-state properties of SCC"> fresh-state properties of SCC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20concrete" title=" self compacting concrete"> self compacting concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superplasticizer%20dosage" title=" superplasticizer dosage"> superplasticizer dosage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123879/characterization-of-calcined-clay-blended-self-compacting-concrete-correlation-between-super-plasticizer-dosage-and-self-compacting-concrete-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16790</span> Development of Bioactive Medical Textiles by Immobilizing Nanoparticles at Cotton Fabric</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munir%20Ashraf">Munir Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shagufta%20Riaz"> Shagufta Riaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Personal protective equipment (PPE) and bioactive textiles are highly important for the health care of front line hospital workers, patients, and the general population to be safe from highly infectious diseases. This was even more critical in the wake of COVID-19 outbreak. Most of the medical textiles are inactive against various viruses and bacteria, hence there is a need to wash them frequently to avoid the spread of microorganisms. According to survey conducted by the world health organization, more than 500 million people get infected from hospitals, and more than 13 million died due to these hospitals’ acquired deadly diseases. The market available PPE are though effective against the penetration of pathogens and to kill bacteria but, they are not breathable and active against different viruses. Therefore, there was a great need to develop textiles that are not only effective against bacteria, fungi, and viruses but also are comfortable to the medical personnel and patients. In the present study, waterproof breathable, and biologically active textiles were developed using antiviral and antibacterial nanomaterials. These nanomaterials like TiO₂, ZnO, Cu, and Ag were immobilized at the surface of cotton fabric by using different silane coupling agents and electroless deposition that they retained their functionality even after 30 industrial laundering cycles. Afterwards, the treated fabrics were coated with a waterproof breathable film to prevent the permeation of liquid droplets, any particle or microorganisms greater than 80 nm. The developed cotton fabric was highly active against bacteria and viruses. The good durability of nanomaterials at the cotton surface after several industrial washing cycles makes this fabric an ideal candidate for bioactive textiles used in the medical field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial" title="antibacterial">antibacterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antiviral" title=" antiviral"> antiviral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durable" title=" durable"> durable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145734/development-of-bioactive-medical-textiles-by-immobilizing-nanoparticles-at-cotton-fabric" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16789</span> Evaluation of Storage Stability and Quality Parameters in Biscuit Made from Blends of Wheat, Cassava (Manihot esculenta) and Carrot (Daucus carota) Flour</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aminat.%20O%20Adelekan">Aminat. O Adelekan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olawale%20T.%20Gbadebo"> Olawale T. Gbadebo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biscuit is one of the most consumed cereal foods in Nigeria and research has shown that locally available tropical crops like cassava, sweet potato can be made into flour and used in the production of biscuits and other pastries. This study investigates some quality parameters in biscuits made from blends of wheat, cassava and carrot flour. The values of result of samples increased with increasing percentage substitution of cassava and carrot flour in some quality parameter like fiber, ash, gluten content, and carbohydrate. The protein content reduced significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing percentage substitution of cassava and carrot flour which ranged from 14.80% to 11.80% compared with the control sample which had 15.60%. There was a recorded significant increase (P < 0.05) in some mineral composition such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, phosphorus, and vitamin A and C composition as the percentage substitution of cassava and carrot flour increased. During storage stability test, samples stored in the fridge and freezer were found to be the best storage location to preserve the sensory attributes and inhibit microbial growth when compared with storage under the sun and on the shelf. Biscuit made with blends of wheat, cassava and carrot flour can therefore serve as an alternative to biscuits made from 100% wheat flour, as they are richer in vitamin A, vitamin C, carbohydrate, dietary fiber and some essential minerals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biscuit" title="biscuit">biscuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrot" title=" carrot"> carrot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flour%20blends" title=" flour blends"> flour blends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107445/evaluation-of-storage-stability-and-quality-parameters-in-biscuit-made-from-blends-of-wheat-cassava-manihot-esculenta-and-carrot-daucus-carota-flour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16788</span> Isolation and Identification of Microorganisms from Marine-Associated Samples under Laboratory Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameen%20Tariq">Sameen Tariq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saira%20Bano"> Saira Bano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayyada%20Ghufrana%20Nadeem"> Sayyada Ghufrana Nadeem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Ocean, which covers over 70% of the world's surface, is wealthy in biodiversity as well as a rich wellspring of microorganisms with huge potential. The oceanic climate is home to an expansive scope of plants, creatures, and microorganisms. Marine microbial networks, which incorporate microscopic organisms, infections, and different microorganisms, enjoy different benefits in biotechnological processes. Samples were collected from marine environments, including soil and water samples, to cultivate the uncultured marine organisms by using Zobell’s medium, Sabouraud’s dextrose agar, and casein media for this purpose. Following isolation, we conduct microscopy and biochemical tests, including gelatin, starch, glucose, casein, catalase, and carbohydrate hydrolysis for further identification. The results show that more gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The isolation process of marine organisms is essential for understanding their ecological roles, unraveling their biological secrets, and harnessing their potential for various applications. Marine organisms exhibit remarkable adaptations to thrive in the diverse and challenging marine environment, offering vast potential for scientific, medical, and industrial applications. The isolation process plays a crucial role in unlocking the secrets of marine organisms, understanding their biological functions, and harnessing their valuable properties. They offer a rich source of bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical potential, including antibiotics, anticancer agents, and novel therapeutics. This study is an attempt to explore the diversity and dynamics related to marine microflora and their role in biofilm formation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20microorganisms" title="marine microorganisms">marine microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem" title=" ecosystem"> ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungi" title=" fungi"> fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title=" biofilm"> biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram-positive" title=" gram-positive"> gram-positive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram-negative" title=" gram-negative"> gram-negative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186163/isolation-and-identification-of-microorganisms-from-marine-associated-samples-under-laboratory-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16787</span> Exploring Attachment Mechanisms of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria Biofilm to X52 Carbon Steel and Effective Mitigation Through Moringa Oleifera Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadjer%20Didouh">Hadjer Didouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hadj%20Melliani"> Mohammed Hadj Melliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzeddine%20Sameut%20Bouhaik"> Izzeddine Sameut Bouhaik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Corrosion is a serious problem in industrial installations or metallic transport pipes. Corrosion is an interfacial process controlled by several parameters. The presence of microorganisms affects the kinetics of corrosion. This type of corrosion is often referred as bio-corrosion or corrosion influenced by microorganisms (MIC). The action of a microorganism or a bacterium is carried out by the formation of biofilm following its attachment to the metal surface. The formation of biofilm isolates the metal surface from its environment and allows the bacteria to control the parameters of the metal/bacteria interface. Biofilm formation by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) X52 steel, poses substantial challenges in oil and gas industry SONATRACH of Algeria. This research delves into the complex attachment mechanisms employed by SRB biofilm on X52 carbon steel and investigates strategies for effective mitigation using biocides. The exploration commences by elucidating the underlying mechanisms facilitating SRB biofilm adhesion to X52 carbon steel, considering factors such as surface morphology, electrostatic interactions, and microbial extracellular substances. Advanced microscopy and spectroscopic techniques provide a support to the attachment processes, laying the foundation for targeted mitigation strategies. The use of 100 ppm of Moringa Oleifera extract biocide as a promising approach to control and prevent SRB biofilm formation on X52 carbon steel surfaces. Green extract undergo evaluation for their effectiveness in disrupting biofilm development while ensuring the integrity of the steel substrate. Systematic analysis is conducted on the biocide's impact on the biofilm's structural integrity, microbial viability, and overall attachment strength. This two-pronged investigation aims to deepen our comprehension of SRB biofilm dynamics and contribute to the development of effective strategies for mitigating its impact on X52 carbon steel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-corrosion" title="bio-corrosion">bio-corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title=" biofilm"> biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachement" title=" attachement"> attachement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%2Fbacteria%20interface" title=" metal/bacteria interface"> metal/bacteria interface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191067/exploring-attachment-mechanisms-of-sulfate-reducing-bacteria-biofilm-to-x52-carbon-steel-and-effective-mitigation-through-moringa-oleifera-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16786</span> Exploring Attachment Mechanisms of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria Biofilm to X52 Carbon Steel and Effective Mitigation Through Moringa Oleifera Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadjer%20Didouh">Hadjer Didouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hadj%20Melliani"> Mohammed Hadj Melliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzeddine%20Sameut%20Bouhaik"> Izzeddine Sameut Bouhaik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Corrosion is a serious problem in industrial installations or metallic transport pipes. Corrosion is an interfacial process controlled by several parameters. The presence of microorganisms affects the kinetics of corrosion. This type of corrosion is often referred to as bio-corrosion or corrosion influenced by microorganisms (MIC). The action of a microorganism or a bacterium is carried out by the formation of biofilm following its attachment to the metal surface. The formation of biofilm isolates the metal surface from its environment and allows the bacteria to control the parameters of the metal/bacteria interface. Biofilm formation by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) X52 steel poses substantial challenges in the oil and gas industry SONATRACH of Algeria. This research delves into the complex attachment mechanisms employed by SRB biofilm on X52 carbon steel and investigates innovative strategies for effective mitigation using biocides. The exploration commences by elucidating the underlying mechanisms facilitating SRB biofilm adhesion to X52 carbon steel, considering factors such as surface morphology, electrostatic interactions, and microbial extracellular substances. Advanced microscopy and spectroscopic techniques provide support to the attachment processes, laying the foundation for targeted mitigation strategies. The use of 100 ppm of Moringa Oleifera extract biocide as a promising approach to control and prevent SRB biofilm formation on X52 carbon steel surfaces. Green extracts undergo evaluation for their effectiveness in disrupting biofilm development while ensuring the integrity of the steel substrate. Systematic analysis is conducted on the biocide's impact on the biofilm's structural integrity, microbial viability, and overall attachment strength. This two-pronged investigation aims to deepen our comprehension of SRB biofilm dynamics and contribute to the development of effective strategies for mitigating its impact on X52 carbon steel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment" title="attachment">attachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-corrosion" title=" bio-corrosion"> bio-corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title=" biofilm"> biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%2Fbacteria%20interface" title=" metal/bacteria interface"> metal/bacteria interface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178854/exploring-attachment-mechanisms-of-sulfate-reducing-bacteria-biofilm-to-x52-carbon-steel-and-effective-mitigation-through-moringa-oleifera-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16785</span> Identifying Dominant Anaerobic Microorganisms for Degradation of Benzene</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Peng">Jian Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenhui%20Xiong"> Wenhui Xiong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zheng%20Lu"> Zheng Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An optimal recipe of amendment (nutrients and electron acceptors) was developed and dominant indigenous benzene-degrading microorganisms were characterized in this study. Lessons were learnt from the development of the optimal amendment recipe: (1) salinity and substantial initial concentration of benzene were detrimental for benzene biodegradation; (2) large dose of amendments can shorten the lag time for benzene biodegradation occurrence; (3) toluene was an essential co-substance for promoting benzene degradation activity. The stable isotope probing study identified incorporation 13C from 13C-benzene into microorganisms, which can be considered as a direct evidence of the occurrence of benzene biodegradation. The dominant mechanism for benzene removal was identified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis to be nitrate reduction. Microbial analyses (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S ribosomal RNA) demonstrated that members of genus Dokdonella spp., Pusillimonas spp., and Advenella spp. were predominant within the microbial community and involved in the anaerobic benzene bioremediation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzene" title="benzene">benzene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20anaerobic%20bioremediation" title=" enhanced anaerobic bioremediation"> enhanced anaerobic bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stable%20isotope%20probing" title=" stable isotope probing"> stable isotope probing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosep%20biotrap" title=" biosep biotrap"> biosep biotrap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50612/identifying-dominant-anaerobic-microorganisms-for-degradation-of-benzene" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16784</span> GATA3-AS1 lncRNA as a Predictive Biomarker for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Locally Advanced Luminal B Breast Cancer: An RNA ISH Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tania%20Vasquez%20Mata">Tania Vasquez Mata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20A.%20Herrera"> Luis A. Herrera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristian%20Arriaga%20Canon"> Cristian Arriaga Canon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Locally advanced breast cancer of the luminal B phenotype, poses challenges due to its variable response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A predictive biomarker is needed to identify patients who will not respond to treatment, allowing for alternative therapies. This study aims to validate the use of the lncRNA GATA3-AS1, as a predictive biomarker using RNA in situ hybridization. Research aim: The aim of this study is to determine if GATA3-AS1 can serve as a biomarker for resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced luminal B breast cancer. Methodology: The study utilizes RNA in situ hybridization with predesigned probes for GATA3-AS1 on Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded tissue sections. The samples underwent pretreatment and protease treatment to enable probe penetration. Chromogenic detection and signal evaluation were performed using specific criteria. Findings: Patients who did not respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed a 3+ score for GATA3-AS1, while those who had a complete response had a 1+ score. Theoretical importance: This study demonstrates the potential clinical utility of GATA3-AS1 as a biomarker for resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Identifying non-responders early on can help avoid unnecessary treatment and explore alternative therapy options. Data collection and analysis procedures: Tissue samples from patients with locally advanced luminal B breast cancer were collected and processed using RNA in situ hybridization. Signal evaluation was conducted under a microscope, and scoring was based on specific criteria. Questions addressed: Can GATA3-AS1 serve as a predictive biomarker for neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in locally advanced luminal B breast cancer? Conclusion: The lncRNA GATA3-AS1 can be used as a biomarker for resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced luminal B breast cancer. Its identification through RNA in situ hybridization of tissue obtained from the initial biopsy can aid in treatment decision-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title="biomarkers">biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20neoplasms" title=" breast neoplasms"> breast neoplasms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetics" title=" genetics"> genetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoadjuvant%20therapy" title=" neoadjuvant therapy"> neoadjuvant therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor" title=" tumor"> tumor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179253/gata3-as1-lncrna-as-a-predictive-biomarker-for-neoadjuvant-chemotherapy-response-in-locally-advanced-luminal-b-breast-cancer-an-rna-ish-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16783</span> Characterization of the Microorganisms Associated with Pleurotus ostractus and Pleurotus tuber-Regium Spent Mushroom Substrate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20E.%20Okere">Samuel E. Okere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20E.%20Ataga"> Anthony E. Ataga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The microbial ecology of Pleurotus osteratus and Pleurotus tuber–regium spent mushroom substrate (SMS) were characterized to determine other ways of its utilization. Materials and Methods: The microbiological properties of the spent mushroom substrate were determined using standard methods. This study was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Results: Quantitative microbiological analysis revealed that Pleurotus osteratus spent mushroom substrate (POSMS) contained 7.9x10⁵ and 1.2 x10³ cfu/g of total heterotrophic bacteria and total fungi count respectively while Pleurotus tuber-regium spent mushroom substrate (PTSMS) contained 1.38x10⁶ and 9.0 x10² cfu/g of total heterotrophic bacteria count and total fungi count respectively. The fungi species encountered from Pleurotus tuber-regium spent mushroom substrate (PTSMS) include Aspergillus and Cladosporum species, while Aspergillus and Penicillium species were encountered from Pleurotus osteratus spent mushroom substrate (POSMS). However, the bacteria species encountered from Pleurotus tuber-regium spent mushroom substrate include Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Actinobacter, and Pseudomonas species while Bacillus, Actinobacteria, Aeromonas, Lactobacillus and Aerococcus species were encountered from Pleurotus osteratus spent mushroom substrate (POSMS). Conclusion: Therefore based on the findings from this study, it can be concluded that spent mushroom substrate contain microorganisms that can be utilized both in bioremediation of oil-polluted soils as they contain important hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms such as Penicillium, Aspergillus and Bacillus species and also as sources of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Pseudomonas and Bacillus species which can induce resistance on plants. However, further studies are recommended, especially to molecularly characterize these microorganisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title="characterization">characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mushroom" title=" mushroom"> mushroom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spent%20substrate" title=" spent substrate"> spent substrate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113310/characterization-of-the-microorganisms-associated-with-pleurotus-ostractus-and-pleurotus-tuber-regium-spent-mushroom-substrate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16782</span> Impact of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles on Terrestrial Flora and Microorganisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Steponavi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97">L. Steponavičiūtė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Steponavi%C4%8Dien%C4%97"> L. Steponavičienė</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the rapid nanotechnology progress and recognition, its potential impact in ecosystems and health of humans is still not fully known. In this paper, the study of ecotoxicological dangers of nanomaterials is presented. By chemical reduction method, silver (AgNPs) and gold (AuNPs) nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized and used in experiments to examine their impact on microorganisms (<em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em>) and terrestrial flora (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> and <em>Lepidium sativum</em>). The results collected during experiments with terrestrial flora show tendentious growth stimulations caused by gold nanoparticles. In contrast to these results, silver nanoparticle solutions inhibited growth of beans and garden cress, compared to control samples. The results obtained from experiments with microorganisms show similarities with ones collected from experiments with terrestrial plants. Samples treated with AuNPs of size 13 nm showed stimulation in the growth of the colonies compared with 3,5 nm size nanoparticles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title="nanomaterials">nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotoxicology" title=" ecotoxicology"> ecotoxicology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystems" title=" ecosystems"> ecosystems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44974/impact-of-gold-and-silver-nanoparticles-on-terrestrial-flora-and-microorganisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16781</span> Global City Typologies: 300 Cities and Over 100 Datasets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Novak">M. Novak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Munoz"> E. Munoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Jana"> A. Jana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nelemans"> M. Nelemans</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities and local governments the world over are interested to employ circular strategies as a means to bring about food security, create employment and increase resilience. The selection and implementation of circular strategies is facilitated by modeling the effects of strategies locally and understanding the impacts such strategies have had in other (comparable) cities and how that would translate locally. Urban areas are heterogeneous because of their geographic, economic, social characteristics, governance, and culture. In order to better understand the effect of circular strategies on urban systems, we create a dataset for over 300 cities around the world designed to facilitate circular strategy scenario modeling. This new dataset integrates data from over 20 prominent global national and urban data sources, such as the Global Human Settlements layer and International Labour Organisation, as well as incorporating employment data from over 150 cities collected bottom up from local departments and data providers. The dataset is made to be reproducible. Various clustering techniques are explored in the paper. The result is sets of clusters of cities, which can be used for further research, analysis, and support comparative, regional, and national policy making on circular cities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20integration" title="data integration">data integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20innovation" title=" urban innovation"> urban innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster%20analysis" title=" cluster analysis"> cluster analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title=" circular economy"> circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city%20profiles" title=" city profiles"> city profiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scenario%20modelling" title=" scenario modelling"> scenario modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140968/global-city-typologies-300-cities-and-over-100-datasets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16780</span> Development of Light-Weight Refractory Bricks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liaqat%20Ali">Liaqat Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Furqan%20Ahmad"> Furqan Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The heat losses should be controlled during the high temperature processes from energy conservation point of view. For this purpose, refractories with low thermal conductivity, high porosity and good mechanical strength along with low price are desirable. In this work, various combinations of naturally occurring, locally available, cheap raw materials, namely, clay, rice husk and saw dust were used. Locally produced insulating firebricks (IFBs) cannot be used at higher than a few hundred °C and possess low strength as well. Various process parameters were studied and the refractories with desirable properties were produced, which can be used up to 1200 °C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firebricks" title="firebricks">firebricks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20strength" title=" mechanical strength"> mechanical strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractory%20bricks" title=" refractory bricks"> refractory bricks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40387/development-of-light-weight-refractory-bricks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16779</span> Flow-Control Effectiveness of Convergent Surface Indentations on an Aerofoil at Low Reynolds Numbers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neel%20K.%20Shah">Neel K. Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Passive flow control on aerofoils has largely been achieved through the use of protrusions such as vane-type vortex generators. Consequently, innovative flow-control concepts should be explored in an effort to improve current component performance. Therefore, experimental research has been performed at The University of Manchester to evaluate the flow-control effectiveness of a vortex generator made in the form of a surface indentation. The surface indentation has a trapezoidal planform. A spanwise array of indentations has been applied in a convergent orientation around the maximum-thickness location of the upper surface of a NACA-0015 aerofoil. The aerofoil has been tested in a two-dimensional set-up in a low-speed wind tunnel at an angle of attack (AoA) of 3° and a chord-based Reynolds number (Re) of ~2.7 x 105. The baseline model has been found to suffer from a laminar separation bubble at low AoA. The application of the indentations at 3° AoA has considerably shortened the separation bubble. The indentations achieve this by shedding up-flow pairs of streamwise vortices. Despite the considerable reduction in bubble length, the increase in leading-edge suction due to the shorter bubble is limited by the removal of surface curvature and blockage (increase in surface pressure) caused locally by the convergent indentations. Furthermore, the up-flow region of the vortices, which locally weakens the pressure recovery around the trailing edge of the aerofoil by thickening the boundary layer, also contributes to this limitation. Due to the conflicting effects of the indentations, the changes in the pressure-lift and pressure-drag coefficients, i.e., cl,p and cd,p, are small. Nevertheless, the indentations have improved cl,p and cd,p beyond the uncertainty range, i.e., by ~1.30% and ~0.30%, respectively, at 3° AoA. The wake measurements show that turbulence intensity and Reynolds stresses have considerably increased in the indented case, thus implying that the indentations increase the viscous drag on the model. In summary, the convergent indentations are able to reduce the size of the laminar separation bubble, but conversely, they are not highly effective in reducing cd,p at the tested Reynolds number. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerofoil%20flow%20control" title="aerofoil flow control">aerofoil flow control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminar%20separation%20bubbles" title=" laminar separation bubbles"> laminar separation bubbles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20Reynolds-number%20flows" title=" low Reynolds-number flows"> low Reynolds-number flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20indentations" title=" surface indentations"> surface indentations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61082/flow-control-effectiveness-of-convergent-surface-indentations-on-an-aerofoil-at-low-reynolds-numbers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16778</span> Lactate Biostimulation for Remediation of Aquifers Affected by Recalcitrant Sources of Chloromethanes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Puigserver%20Cuerda">Diana Puigserver Cuerda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jofre%20Herrero%20Ferran"> Jofre Herrero Ferran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20M.%20Carmona%20Perez"> José M. Carmona Perez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the transition zone between aquifers and basal aquitards, DNAPL-pools of chlorinated solvents are more recalcitrant than at other depths in the aquifer. Although degradation of carbon tetrachloride (CT) and chloroform (CF) occurs in this zone, this is a slow process, which is why an adequate remediation strategy is necessary. The working hypothesis of this study is that the biostimulation of the transition zone of an aquifer contaminated by CT and CF can be an effective remediation strategy. This hypothesis has been tested in a site on an unconfined aquifer in which the major contaminants were CT and CF of industrial origin and where the hydrochemical background was rich in other compounds that can hinder natural attenuation of chloromethanes. Field studies and five laboratory microcosm experiments were carried out at the level of groundwater and sediments to identify: i) the degradation processes of CT and CF; ii) the structure of microbial communities; and iii) the microorganisms implicated on this degradation. For this, concentration of contaminants and co-contaminants (nitrate and sulfate), Compound Specific Isotope Analysis, molecular techniques (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) and clone library analysis were used. The main results were: i) degradation processes of CT and CF occurred in groundwater and in the lesser conductive sediments; ii) sulfate-reducing conditions in the transition zone were high and similar to those in the source of contamination; iii) two microorganisms (Azospira suillum and a bacterium of the Clostridiales order) were identified in the transition zone at the field and lab experiments that were compatible with the role of carrying out the reductive dechlorination of CT, CF and their degradation products (dichloromethane and chloromethane); iv) these two microorganisms were present at the high starting concentrations of the microcosm experiments (similar to those in the source of DNAPL) and continued being present until the last day of the lactate biostimulation; and v) the lactate biostimulation gave rise to the fastest and highest degradation rates and promoted the elimination of other electron acceptors (e.g. nitrate and sulfate). All these results are evidence that lactate biostimulation can be effective in remediating the source and plume, especially in the transition zone, and highlight the environmental relevance of the treatment of contaminated transition zones in industrial contexts similar to that studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azospira%20suillum" title="Azospira suillum">Azospira suillum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactate%20biostimulation%20of%20carbon%20tetrachloride%20and%20chloroform" title=" lactate biostimulation of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform"> lactate biostimulation of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reductive%20dechlorination" title=" reductive dechlorination"> reductive dechlorination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20zone%20between%20aquifer%20and%20aquitard" title=" transition zone between aquifer and aquitard"> transition zone between aquifer and aquitard</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85098/lactate-biostimulation-for-remediation-of-aquifers-affected-by-recalcitrant-sources-of-chloromethanes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16777</span> Managing Education through, Effective School Community Relationships/Participation for National Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehu%20S.%20Janguza">Shehu S. Janguza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The need for national security cannot be over Emphasis, which should be pursued by any means. Thus the need for effective management of education through effective school community Relationship/participation. In preparing and implementing only effort to promote community involvement in manning Education, it is importance to understand the whole picture of community participation, how it works, what forms are used, what benefit it can yield and what we should expect in the process of carrying out the efforts finally emphasis will be made on how effective school community relationship/participation and lead to national security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20participation" title="community participation">community participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managing" title=" managing"> managing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20community" title=" school community"> school community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20security" title=" national security"> national security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22224/managing-education-through-effective-school-community-relationshipsparticipation-for-national-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">594</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16776</span> Toxicity and Biodegradability of Veterinary Antibiotic Tiamulin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriela%20Kalcikova">Gabriela Kalcikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Bosevski"> Igor Bosevski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ula%20Rozman"> Ula Rozman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreja%20Zgajnar%20Gotvajn"> Andreja Zgajnar Gotvajn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antibiotics are extensively used in human medicine and also in animal husbandry to prevent or control infections. Recently, a lot of attention has been put on veterinary antibiotics, because their global consumption is increasing and it is expected to be 106.600 tons in 2030. Most of veterinary antibiotics are introduced into the environment via animal manure, which is used as fertilizer. One of such veterinary antibiotics is tiamulin. It is used the form of fumarate for treatment of pig and poultry. It is used against prophylaxis of dysentery, pneumonia and mycroplasmal infections, but its environmental impact is practically unknown. Tiamulin has been found very persistent in animal manure and thus it is expected that can be, during rainfalls, transported into the aquatic environment and affect various organisms. For assessment of its environmental impact, it is necessary to evaluate its biodegradability and toxicity to various organisms from different levels of a food chain. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate ready biodegradability and toxicity of tiamulin fumarate to various organisms. Bioassay used included luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri heterotrophic and nitrifying microorganisms of activated sludge, water flea Daphnia magna and duckweed Lemna minor. For each species, EC₅₀ values were calculated. Biodegradability test was used for determination of ready biodegradability and it provides information about biodegradability of tiamulin under the most common environmental conditions. Results of our study showed that tiamulin differently affects selected organisms. The most sensitive organisms were water fleas with 48hEC₅₀ = 14.2 ± 4.8 mg/L and duckweed with 168hEC₅₀ = 22.6 ± 0.8 mg/L. Higher concentrations of tiamulin (from 10 mg/L) significantly affected photosynthetic pigments content in duckweed and concentrations above 80 mg/L cause visible chlorosis. It is in agreement with previous studies showing significant effect of tiamulin on green algae and cyanobacteria. Tiamuline has a low effect on microorganisms. The lower toxicity was observed for heterotrophic microorganisms (30minEC₅₀ = 1656 ± 296 mg/L), than Vibrio fisheri (30minEC₅₀ = 492 ± 21) and the most sensitive organisms were nitrifying microorganisms (30minEC₅₀ = 183 ± 127 mg/L). The reason is most probably the mode of action of tiamulin being effective to gram-positive bacteria while gram-negative (e.g., Vibrio fisheri) are more tolerant to tiamulin. Biodegradation of tiamulin was very slow with a long lag-phase being 20 days. The maximal degradation reached 40 ± 2 % in 43 days of the test and tiamulin as other antibiotics (e.g. ciprofloxacin) are not easily biodegradable. Tiamulin is widely used antibiotic in veterinary medicine and thus present in the environment. According to our results, tiamulin can have negative effect on water fleas and duckweeds, but the concentrations are several magnitudes higher than that found in any environmental compartment. Tiamulin is low toxic to tested microorganisms, but it is very low biodegradable and thus possibly persistent in the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics" title="antibiotics">antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradability" title=" biodegradability"> biodegradability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tiamulin" title=" tiamulin"> tiamulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81001/toxicity-and-biodegradability-of-veterinary-antibiotic-tiamulin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16775</span> Quality Assessment of Some Selected Locally Produced and Marketed Soft Drinks </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerardette%20Darkwah">Gerardette Darkwah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20Ankar%20Brewoo"> Gloria Ankar Brewoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20%20Barimah"> John Barimah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gilbert%20Owiah%20Sampson"> Gilbert Owiah Sampson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincent%20Abe-Inge"> Vincent Abe-Inge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soft drinks which are widely consumed in Ghana have been reported in other countries to contain toxic heavy metals beyond the acceptable limits in other countries. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the quality characteristics of selected locally produced and marketed soft drinks. Three (3) different batches of 23 soft drinks were sampled from the Takoradi markets. The samples were prescreened for the presence of reducing sugars, phosphates, alcohol and carbon dioxide. The heavy metal contents and physicochemical properties were also determined with AOAC methods. The results indicated the presence of reducing sugars, carbon dioxide and the absence of alcohol in all the selected soft drink samples. The pH, total sugars, moisture, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity ranged from 2.42 – 3.44, 3.30 – 10.44%, 85.63 – 94.85%, 5.00 – 13.33°Brix, and 0.21 – 1.99% respectively. The concentration of heavy metals were also below detection limits in all samples. The quality of the selected were within specifications prescribed by regulatory bodies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20contamination" title="heavy metal contamination">heavy metal contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20manufactured" title=" locally manufactured"> locally manufactured</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20drinks" title=" soft drinks"> soft drinks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124288/quality-assessment-of-some-selected-locally-produced-and-marketed-soft-drinks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=561">561</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=562">562</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locally%20made%20effective%20microorganisms&page=3" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>