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class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-General_background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>General background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TV_advertisement_trends" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TV_advertisement_trends"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>TV advertisement trends</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-TV_advertisement_trends-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle TV advertisement trends subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-TV_advertisement_trends-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Internet_and_digital" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internet_and_digital"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Internet and digital</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internet_and_digital-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_television_recorders_and_advertisement_skipping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_television_recorders_and_advertisement_skipping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Digital television recorders and advertisement skipping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_television_recorders_and_advertisement_skipping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Product_placement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Product_placement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Product placement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Product_placement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overlay_advertisements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overlay_advertisements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Overlay advertisements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overlay_advertisements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interactive_advertisements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interactive_advertisements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Interactive advertisements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interactive_advertisements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shorter_commercial_breaks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shorter_commercial_breaks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Shorter commercial breaks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shorter_commercial_breaks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Children_with_advertisement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Children_with_advertisement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Children with advertisement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Children_with_advertisement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TV_advertisements_by_country" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TV_advertisements_by_country"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>TV advertisements by country</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TV_advertisements_by_country-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Use_of_popular_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_popular_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Use of popular music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_popular_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advertisement_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advertisement_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Advertisement controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advertisement_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Television advertisement</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="إعلان تلفزيوني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إعلان تلفزيوني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A8" title="টেলিভিশন বিজ্ঞাপন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টেলিভিশন বিজ্ঞাপন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televizn%C3%AD_reklama" title="Televizní reklama – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Televizní reklama" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tv-reklame" title="Tv-reklame – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tv-reklame" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernsehwerbung" title="Fernsehwerbung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fernsehwerbung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comercial_de_televisi%C3%B3n" title="Comercial de televisión – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comercial de televisión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پیام بازرگانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیام بازرگانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publicit%C3%A9_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e" title="Publicité télévisée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Publicité télévisée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%94%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%84%EC%A0%84_%EA%B4%91%EA%B3%A0" title="텔레비전 광고 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="텔레비전 광고" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A4" title="Հեռուստատեսային գովազդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հեռուստատեսային գովազդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8" title="टीवी विज्ञापन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="टीवी विज्ञापन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iklan_televisi" title="Iklan televisi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Iklan televisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pubblicit%C3%A0_televisiva" title="Pubblicità televisiva – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pubblicità televisiva" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%AA" title="סרטון פרסומת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סרטון פרסומת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF_(%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%A8)_%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಟಿವಿ (ದೂರದರ್ಶನ) ಜಾಹೀರಾತುಗಳು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟಿವಿ (ದೂರದರ್ಶನ) ಜಾಹೀರಾತುಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="სატელევიზიო რეკლამა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სატელევიზიო რეკლამა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ოტელევიზიე რეკლამა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოტელევიზიე რეკლამა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iklan_televisyen" title="Iklan televisyen – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Iklan televisyen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8" title="टेलिभिजन विज्ञापन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="टेलिभिजन विज्ञापन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="コマーシャルメッセージ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コマーシャルメッセージ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV-reklame" title="TV-reklame – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="TV-reklame" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%95%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%8D" title="ការផ្សាយរបស់ទូរទស្សន៍ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ការផ្សាយរបស់ទូរទស្សន៍" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reklama_telewizyjna" title="Reklama telewizyjna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Reklama telewizyjna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comercial_de_televis%C3%A3o" title="Comercial de televisão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comercial de televisão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reclam%C4%83_de_televiziune" title="Reclamă de televiziune – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reclamă de televiziune" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Телевизионная реклама – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Телевизионная реклама" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%85%E0%B6%AF_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="රූපවාහිනී වෙළද දැන්වීම් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රූපවාහිනී වෙළද දැන්වීම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televizijski_oglas" title="Televizijski oglas – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Televizijski oglas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Телевизијска реклама – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Телевизијска реклама" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televizijska_reklama" title="Televizijska reklama – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Televizijska reklama" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisiomainonta" title="Televisiomainonta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Televisiomainonta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV-reklam" title="TV-reklam – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="TV-reklam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%86%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="โฆษณาโทรทัศน์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โฆษณาโทรทัศน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D2%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Таблиғоти телевизионӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Таблиғоти телевизионӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televizyon_reklam%C4%B1" title="Televizyon reklamı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Televizyon reklamı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phim_qu%E1%BA%A3ng_c%C3%A1o" title="Phim quảng cáo – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phim quảng cáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%B9%BF%E5%91%8A" title="电视广告 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电视广告" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%BB%A3%E5%91%8A" title="電視廣告 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電視廣告" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%BB%A3%E5%91%8A" title="電視廣告 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="電視廣告" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q854995#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Paid commercial segment on television</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Commercial break" redirects here. For the 1997 black comedy film, see <a href="/wiki/Commercial_Break" title="Commercial Break">Commercial Break</a>. For radio commercials, see <a href="/wiki/Radio_advertisement" title="Radio advertisement">Radio advertisement</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Television+advertisement%22">"Television advertisement"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Television+advertisement%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Television+advertisement%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Television+advertisement%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Television+advertisement%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Television+advertisement%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreliable_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-unreliable_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Some of this article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">listed sources</a> <b>may not be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm/220px--Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="31" data-mwtitle="Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_(1981).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_(1981).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm/Quaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AQuaker_Corn_Bran_scarecrow_commercial_1_%281981%29.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption>1981 US television advertisement for Quaker Corn Bran</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Radio_News_Sep_1928_Cover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Radio_News_Sep_1928_Cover.jpg/220px-Radio_News_Sep_1928_Cover.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Radio_News_Sep_1928_Cover.jpg/330px-Radio_News_Sep_1928_Cover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Radio_News_Sep_1928_Cover.jpg/440px-Radio_News_Sep_1928_Cover.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="1175" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">Television</a> was still in its experimental phase in 1928, but the medium's potential to sell goods, services, and ideas was already predicted by this <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_News" title="Radio News">Radio News</a></i> cover from that year.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>television advertisement</b> (also called a <b>commercial</b>, <b>spot</b>, <b>break</b>, <b>advert</b>, or <b>ad</b>) is a span of television programming produced and paid for by an organization. It conveys a message promoting, and aiming to market, a product, service or idea. <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">Advertisers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marketing" title="Marketing">marketers</a> may refer to television commercials as <b>TVCs</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Advertising revenue provides a significant portion of the funding for most privately owned television networks. During the 2010s, the number of commercials has grown steadily, though the length of each commercial has diminished.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Advertisements of this type have promoted a wide variety of goods, services, and ideas ever since the early days of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">history of television</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The viewership of television programming, as measured by companies such as <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Media_Research" title="Nielsen Media Research">Nielsen Media Research</a> in the United States, or <a href="/wiki/Broadcasters%27_Audience_Research_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcasters' Audience Research Board">BARB</a> in the UK, is often used as a metric for television advertisement placement, and consequently, for the rates which broadcasters charge to advertisers to air within a given network, television program, or time of day (called a "day-part").<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In many countries, including the United States, television <a href="/wiki/Campaign_advertising" title="Campaign advertising">campaign advertisements</a> are commonplace in a <a href="/wiki/Political_campaign" title="Political campaign">political campaign</a>. In other countries, such as France, political advertising on television is heavily restricted,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while some countries, such as <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, completely ban political advertisements. </p><p>The first official paid television advertisement came out in the United States on July 1, 1941, at 2:30 p.m., over New York station WNBT (subsequently <a href="/wiki/WNBC" title="WNBC">WNBC</a>) before a baseball game between the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers" title="Brooklyn Dodgers">Brooklyn Dodgers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a>. The announcement for <a href="/wiki/Bulova" title="Bulova">Bulova</a> watches, for which the company paid anywhere from $4.00 to $9.00 (reports vary), displayed a WNBT test pattern modified to look like a clock with the hands showing the time. The Bulova logo, with the phrase "Bulova Watch Time", appeared in the lower right-hand quadrant of the test pattern while the second hand swept around the dial for one minute.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first TV ad broadcast in the UK went on air on <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> on September 22, 1955, advertising <a href="/wiki/Gibbs_SR" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibbs SR">Gibbs SR</a> toothpaste. In Asia, the first TV ad broadcast appeared on <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Television" title="Nippon Television">Nippon Television</a> in Tokyo on August 28, 1953, advertising <a href="/wiki/Seikosha" title="Seikosha">Seikosha</a> (subsequently <a href="/wiki/Seiko" title="Seiko">Seiko</a>); it also displayed a clock with the current time.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The television market has grown to such an extent that it was estimated to reach $69.87 billion for TV ad spending in the United States for 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_background">General background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: General background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Television advertising involves three main tasks: creating a television advertisement that meets broadcast standards, placing the advertisement on television to reach the desired customer and then measuring the outcomes of these ads, including the <a href="/wiki/Return_on_investment" title="Return on investment">return on investment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To accomplish the first step means different things to different parts of the world depending on the regulations in place. In the UK for example, clearance must be given by the body <a href="/wiki/Clearcast" title="Clearcast">Clearcast</a>. Another example is Venezuela where clearance is governed by a body called CNAC.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The clearance provides a guarantee to the broadcasters that the content of the advertisement meets legal guidelines. Because of this, special extended clearance sometimes applies to food and medical products as well as gambling advertisements. </p><p>The second is the process of TV advertising delivery and usually incorporates the involvement of a <a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">post-production</a> house, a <a href="/wiki/Media_agency" title="Media agency">media agency</a>, advertising distribution specialists and the end-goal, the broadcasters. </p><p>At New York's TV Week in November 2018, the TV advertising model was described by <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a> as broken.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TV_advertisement_trends">TV advertisement trends</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: TV advertisement trends"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internet_and_digital">Internet and digital</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Internet and digital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1929-_Advertising_revenue_as_percent_of_GDP_(US).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/1929-_Advertising_revenue_as_percent_of_GDP_%28US%29.svg/330px-1929-_Advertising_revenue_as_percent_of_GDP_%28US%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/1929-_Advertising_revenue_as_percent_of_GDP_%28US%29.svg/495px-1929-_Advertising_revenue_as_percent_of_GDP_%28US%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/1929-_Advertising_revenue_as_percent_of_GDP_%28US%29.svg/660px-1929-_Advertising_revenue_as_percent_of_GDP_%28US%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption>Advertising revenue as a percent of US <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> shows a rise in audio-visual and digital advertising at the expense of print media.<sup id="cite_ref-BEA_20171023_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BEA_20171023-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>However, with the emergence of <a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Over-the-top media services">over-the-top media services</a>, the Internet itself has become a platform for television, and hence TV advertising.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TV <a href="/wiki/Attribution_(marketing)" title="Attribution (marketing)">attribution is a marketing concept</a> whereby the impact television ads have on consumers is measured.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Addressability" title="Addressability">Addressable television</a> is where <a href="/wiki/Targeted_advertising" title="Targeted advertising">targeted advertising</a> is used on digital platforms,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so two people watching the same show receive different ads. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_television_recorders_and_advertisement_skipping">Digital television recorders and advertisement skipping</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Digital television recorders and advertisement skipping"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marlboro-Ferrari.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Marlboro-Ferrari.jpg/220px-Marlboro-Ferrari.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Marlboro-Ferrari.jpg/330px-Marlboro-Ferrari.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Marlboro-Ferrari.jpg/440px-Marlboro-Ferrari.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1743" data-file-height="1580" /></a><figcaption>Though advertisements for cigarettes are banned in many countries, with <a href="/wiki/Cigarette_advertising_in_Indonesia" title="Cigarette advertising in Indonesia">the notable exception of Indonesia</a>, such advertising could still be seen in the sponsorship of events such as auto racing during much of the late 20th century and during the 2000s</figcaption></figure> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Video_cassette_recorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Video cassette recorder">video cassette recorder</a> (VCR) became popular in the 1980s, the television industry began studying the impact of users <a href="/wiki/Fast_forwarding" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast forwarding">fast-forwarding</a> through commercials. Advertising agencies fought the trend by making them more entertaining.<sup id="cite_ref-deatley19850907_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deatley19850907-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The introduction of <a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">digital video recorders</a> (also known as digital television recorders or DTRs), such as <a href="/wiki/TiVo" title="TiVo">TiVo</a>, and services like <a href="/wiki/Sky%2B" title="Sky+">Sky+</a>, Dish Network and Astro MAX, which allow the recording of television programs into a <a href="/wiki/Hard_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drive">hard drive</a>, also enabled viewers to fast-forward or <a href="/wiki/Commercial_skipping" title="Commercial skipping">automatically skip through advertisements</a> of recorded programs. </p><p>At the end of 2008, 22% of UK households had a DTR. The majority of these households had <a href="/wiki/Sky%2B" title="Sky+">Sky+</a> and data from these homes (collected via the SkyView<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> panel of more than 33,000) shows that, once a household gets a DTR, they watch 17% more television. 82% of their viewing is to normal, linear, broadcast TV without fast-forwarding the ads. In the 18% of TV viewing that is time-shifted (i.e. not watched as live broadcast), viewers still watch 30% of the ads at normal speed. Overall, the extra viewing encouraged by owning a DTR results in viewers watching 2% more ads at normal speed than they did before the DTR was installed. </p><p>The SkyView evidence is reinforced by studies on actual DTR behaviour by the <a href="/wiki/Broadcasters%27_Audience_Research_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcasters' Audience Research Board">Broadcasters' Audience Research Board</a> (BARB) and the <a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Product_placement">Product placement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Product placement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other forms of TV advertising include <a href="/wiki/Product_placement" title="Product placement">product placement</a> advertising in the TV shows themselves. For example, <i>Extreme Makeover: Home Edition</i> advertises <a href="/wiki/Sears,_Roebuck_and_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Sears, Roebuck and Company">Sears</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenmore_Appliances" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenmore Appliances">Kenmore</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Home_Depot" class="mw-redirect" title="The Home Depot">the Home Depot</a> by specifically using products from these companies, and some sports events like the <a href="/wiki/Monster_Energy_NASCAR_Cup_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series">Monster Energy Cup</a> of <a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a> are named after sponsors, and race cars are frequently covered in advertisements.Today's sports advertisements frequently push boundaries or test out innovative methods using digital advances, depending less and less on the "spots and dots", the conventional 30-second commercials on television and radio. Additionally, companies are becoming more closely associated with sports content, particularly if it connects them to a digital audience made up mostly of highly sought-after men and women between the ages of 18 and 34.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many major sporting venues in North America are named for commercial companies, dating back as far as <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field">Wrigley Field</a>. Television programs delivered through new mediums such as streaming online video also bring different opportunities to the traditional methods of generating revenue from television advertising. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overlay_advertisements">Overlay advertisements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Overlay advertisements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another type of advertisement shown increasingly, mostly for advertising TV shows on the same channel, is an ad overlay at the bottom of the TV screen, which blocks out some of the picture. "Banners", or "Logo Bugs", as they are called, are referred to by media companies as Secondary Events (2E). This is done in much the same way as a severe weather warning is done, only these happen more frequently. They may sometimes take up only 5 to 10 per cent of the screen, but in the extreme, they can take up as much as 25 per cent of the viewing area. Subtitles that are part of the programme content can be completely obscured by banners. Some even make noise or move across the screen. One example is the 2E ads for <a href="/wiki/Three_Moons_Over_Milford" title="Three Moons Over Milford">Three Moons Over Milford</a>, which was broadcast in the months before the TV show's première. A video taking up approximately 25 per cent of the bottom-left portion of the screen would show a comet impacting into the moon with an accompanying explosion, during another television programme. Another example is used in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> to use any premieres of new shows/new seasons of the same show. <a href="/wiki/Telewizja_Polska" title="Telewizja Polska">TVP</a> has taken a step further, overlaying on screen not only the channel on which the show is premiered, but also on a sister channel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interactive_advertisements">Interactive advertisements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Interactive advertisements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Online video directories are an emerging form of <a href="/wiki/Interactive_advertising" title="Interactive advertising">interactive advertising</a>, which help in recalling and responding to advertising produced primarily for television. These directories also have the potential to offer other value-added services, such as response sheets and click-to-call, which enhance the scope of the interaction with the brand. Researchers have found that For some consumer types and for specific ad types, that the standard linear advertising format is really superior to interactive advertising. Particularly, they have discovered that a cognitive "matching" of the system's (predominantly visual or verbal) characteristics and the demands of the customer group (preferring their information to be delivered in a visual or verbal fashion) appears to be crucial.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shorter_commercial_breaks">Shorter commercial breaks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Shorter commercial breaks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 2008–09 TV season, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a> experimented with a new strategy, which the network dubbed "Remote-Free TV". Episodes of <i><a href="/wiki/Fringe_(TV_series)" title="Fringe (TV series)">Fringe</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Dollhouse_(TV_series)" title="Dollhouse (TV series)">Dollhouse</a></i> contained approximately ten minutes of advertisements, four to six minutes fewer than other hour-long programs. Fox stated that shorter commercial breaks keep viewers more engaged and improve brand recall for advertisers, as well as reducing channel surfing and fast-forwarding past the advertisements. However, the strategy was not as successful as the network had hoped and it is unclear whether it will be continued in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-remotefree_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-remotefree-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2018, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Networks_Group" title="Fox Networks Group">Fox Networks Group</a> said its channels would try one-minute commercial breaks, mainly during sports events, but also on some shows on <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox Broadcasting Company</a>. Ads during these breaks would cost more and fewer advertisers would be willing to pay that much.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 2018, <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> used one-minute commercial breaks after the first block in many shows.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These "prime pods" are intended to keep viewers who are watching live, and advertisers pay more for the NBC spots.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Children_with_advertisement">Children with advertisement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Children with advertisement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Advertising_to_children" title="Advertising to children">Advertising to children</a></div> <p>Children can be impacted by advertising in a variety of ways, and how they respond to it will depend on a number of factors, including their age, background knowledge, and level of experience. Youngsters under two years old are unable to distinguish between television programs and advertisements; however, children between the ages of three and six can. Children between the ages of 7 and 11 can grasp that they are being sold something, can identify sales tactics, and are willing to buy items with poor selling points, therefore they could also not be able to understand what they are being marketed. Teenagers between the ages of 12 and 13 can typically understand what they are being sold and decide whether they want to purchase it based on what they were told. However, they may not be able to recognize products with tricky placement or understand that celebrities are being paid to endorse a product. Over 14-year-olds could not have the necessary judgment abilities to make a decent purchase and may not comprehend how the market operates.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TV_advertisements_by_country">TV advertisements by country</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: TV advertisements by country"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/TV_advertisements_by_country" title="TV advertisements by country">TV advertisements by country</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm/220px--McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="63" data-mwtitle="McDonald's_commercial_(1963).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:McDonald%27s_commercial_(1963).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm/McDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMcDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMcDonald%27s_commercial_%281963%29.webm&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> TV commercial from 1963, which makes use of humor with the <a href="/wiki/Ronald_McDonald" title="Ronald McDonald">Ronald McDonald</a> clown character</figcaption></figure> <p>Advertising agencies often use humor as a tool in their creative marketing campaigns. Many psychological studies have attempted to demonstrate the effects of humor and their relationship to empowering advertising persuasion. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Animation</a> is often used in advertisements. The pictures can vary from hand-drawn <a href="/wiki/Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">traditional animation</a> to computer animation. By using <a href="/wiki/Character_animation" title="Character animation">animated characters</a>, an advertisement may have a certain appeal that is difficult to achieve with actors or mere product displays. Animation also protects the advertisement from changes in fashion that would date it. For this reason, an animated advertisement (or a series of such advertisements) can be very long-running, several decades in many instances. Notable examples are the series of advertisements for <a href="/wiki/Kellogg%27s" title="Kellogg's">Kellogg's</a> cereals, starring <a href="/wiki/Snap,_Crackle_and_Pop" title="Snap, Crackle and Pop">Snap, Crackle and Pop</a> and also <a href="/wiki/Tony_the_Tiger" title="Tony the Tiger">Tony the Tiger</a>. The animation is often <a href="/wiki/Live-action/animated_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Live-action/animated film">combined</a> with real actors. Animated advertisements can achieve lasting popularity. In any popular vote for the most memorable television advertisements in the UK, such as on <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the top positions in the list invariably include animations, such as the classic <i>Smash</i> and <a href="/wiki/Creature_Comforts" title="Creature Comforts">Creature Comforts</a> advertisements. </p><p>Other long-running advertising campaigns catch people by surprise, even tricking the viewer, such as the <a href="/wiki/Energizer_Bunny" title="Energizer Bunny">Energizer Bunny</a> advertisement series. It started in the late 1980s as a simple comparison advertisement, where a room full of battery-operated bunnies was seen pounding their drums, all slowing down except one, with the Energizer battery. Years later, a revised version of this seminal advertisement had the Energizer bunny escaping the stage and moving on (according to the announcer, he "keeps going and going and going..."). This was followed by what appeared to be another advertisement: viewers were oblivious to the fact that the following "advertisement" was actually a <a href="/wiki/Parody_advertisement" title="Parody advertisement">parody</a> of other well-known advertisements until the Energizer bunny suddenly intrudes on the situation, with the announcer saying "Still going..." (the Energizer Battery Company's way of emphasizing that their battery lasts longer than other leading batteries). This ad campaign lasted for nearly fifteen years. The Energizer Bunny series has itself been imitated by others, via a <a href="/wiki/Coors_Brewing_Company" title="Coors Brewing Company">Coors Light Beer</a> advertisement, in motion pictures, and by current advertisements by <a href="/wiki/GEICO" title="GEICO">GEICO</a> Insurance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_popular_music">Use of popular music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Use of popular music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Music_in_advertising" title="Music in advertising">Music in advertising</a></div> <p>Many television advertisements feature songs or melodies ("<a href="/wiki/Jingle" title="Jingle">jingles</a>") or slogans designed to be striking and memorable, which may remain in the minds of television viewers long after the span of the advertising campaign. Some of these ad jingles or catch-phrases may take on lives of their own, spawning gags that appear in films, television shows, magazines, <a href="/wiki/Comics" title="Comics">comics</a>, or literature. These long-lasting advertising elements may be said to have taken a place in the <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">pop culture</a> history of the demographic to whom they appeared. An example is the enduring phrase, "<a href="/wiki/Winston_tastes_good_like_a_cigarette_should" title="Winston tastes good like a cigarette should">Winston tastes good like a cigarette should</a>", from the eighteen-year advertising campaign for <a href="/wiki/Winston_(cigarette)" title="Winston (cigarette)">Winston cigarettes</a> from the 1950s to the 1970s. Variations of this dialogue and direct references to it appeared as long as two decades after the advertising campaign expired. Another example is "<a href="/wiki/Where%27s_the_Beef%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Where's the Beef?">Where's the Beef?</a>", which grew so popular it was used in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1984">1984 presidential election</a> by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a>. Another popular catch-phrase is "<a href="/wiki/I%27ve_fallen_and_I_can%27t_get_up" class="mw-redirect" title="I've fallen and I can't get up">I've fallen and I can't get up</a>", which still appears occasionally, over two decades after its first use. Some advertising agency executives have originated more than one enduring slogan, such as <a href="/wiki/Mary_Wells_Lawrence" title="Mary Wells Lawrence">Mary Wells Lawrence</a>, who is responsible for such famous slogans as "Raise your hand if you're Sure", "<a href="/wiki/I_Love_New_York" title="I Love New York">I♥New York</a>" and "Trust the Midas touch." </p><p>Prior to the 1970s, music in television advertisements was generally limited to <a href="/wiki/Jingle" title="Jingle">jingles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Incidental_music" title="Incidental music">incidental music</a>; on some occasions lyrics to a popular song would be changed to create a theme song or a jingle for a particular product. An example of this is found on the recent popular Gocompare.com advert that utilises "Over There", the 1917 song popular with United States soldiers in both World Wars and written by George M. Cohan during World War I. In 1971 the converse occurred when a song written for a <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola</a> advertisement was re-recorded as the pop single "<a href="/wiki/I%27d_Like_to_Teach_the_World_to_Sing_(In_Perfect_Harmony)" title="I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing (In Perfect Harmony)">I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing (In Perfect Harmony)</a>" by the <a href="/wiki/New_Seekers" class="mw-redirect" title="New Seekers">New Seekers</a>, and became a hit. Additionally songwriter <a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(songwriter)" title="Paul Williams (songwriter)">Paul Williams</a> composed a piece for a Crocker Bank commercial which he lengthened and <a href="/wiki/The_Carpenters" title="The Carpenters">The Carpenters</a> recorded as "<a href="/wiki/We%27ve_Only_Just_Begun" title="We've Only Just Begun">We've Only Just Begun</a>". Some pop and rock songs were re-recorded by cover bands for use in advertisements, but the cost of licensing original recordings for this purpose remained prohibitive in certain countries (including the U.S.) until the late 1980s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The use of previously recorded popular songs in American television advertisements began in earnest in 1985 when <a href="/wiki/Burger_King" title="Burger King">Burger King</a> used the original recording of <a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a>'s song "<a href="/wiki/Freeway_of_Love" title="Freeway of Love">Freeway of Love</a>" in a television advertisement for the restaurant. This also occurred in 1987 when <a href="/wiki/Nike,_Inc." title="Nike, Inc.">Nike</a> used the original recording of <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a>' song "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_(Beatles_song)" title="Revolution (Beatles song)">Revolution</a>" in an advertisement for athletic shoes. Since then, many classic popular songs have been used in similar fashion. Songs can be used to concretely illustrate a point about the product being sold (such as <a href="/wiki/Bob_Seger" title="Bob Seger">Bob Seger</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Like_a_Rock_(song)" title="Like a Rock (song)">Like a Rock</a>" used for <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevy</a> trucks), but more often are simply used to associate the good feelings listeners had for the song to the product on display. In some cases the original meaning of the song can be totally irrelevant or even completely opposite to the implication of the use in advertising; for example <a href="/wiki/Iggy_Pop" title="Iggy Pop">Iggy Pop</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Lust_for_Life_(Iggy_Pop_song)" title="Lust for Life (Iggy Pop song)">Lust for Life</a>", a song about heroin addiction, has been used to advertise <a href="/wiki/Royal_Caribbean_International" title="Royal Caribbean International">Royal Caribbean International</a>, a cruise ship line. Music-licensing agreements with major artists, especially those that had not previously allowed their recordings to be used for this purpose, such as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s use of "<a href="/wiki/Start_Me_Up" title="Start Me Up">Start Me Up</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">the Rolling Stones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a>'s use of <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Vertigo_(U2_song)" title="Vertigo (U2 song)">Vertigo</a>" became a source of publicity in themselves. </p><p>In early instances, songs were often used over the objections of the original artists,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> who had lost control of their <a href="/wiki/Music_publisher_(popular_music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Music publisher (popular music)">music publishing</a>, the music of the Beatles being perhaps the most well-known case; more recently artists have actively solicited use of their music in advertisements and songs have gained popularity and sales after being used in advertisements. A famous case is <a href="/wiki/Levi%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Levi's">Levi's</a> company, which has used several <a href="/wiki/One_hit_wonder" class="mw-redirect" title="One hit wonder">one hit wonders</a> in their advertisements (songs such as <a href="/wiki/Stiltskin" title="Stiltskin">"Inside"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spaceman_(Babylon_Zoo_song)" title="Spaceman (Babylon Zoo song)">"Spaceman"</a>, and "<a href="/wiki/Flat_Beat" title="Flat Beat">Flat Beat</a>").<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, research conducted by <a href="/wiki/PRS_for_Music" title="PRS for Music">PRS for Music</a> revealed that "<a href="/wiki/Light_%26_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Light & Day">Light & Day</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Polyphonic_Spree" title="The Polyphonic Spree">The Polyphonic Spree</a> is the most performed song in UK TV advertising.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sometimes a controversial reaction has followed the use of some particular song on an advertisement. Often the trouble has been that people do not like the idea of using songs that promote values important for them in advertisements. For example, <a href="/wiki/Sly_and_the_Family_Stone" title="Sly and the Family Stone">Sly and the Family Stone</a>'s anti-racism song, "<a href="/wiki/Everyday_People_(Sly_%26_the_Family_Stone_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Everyday People (Sly & the Family Stone song)">Everyday People</a>", was used in a car advertisement, which angered some people.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2010)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Generic <a href="/wiki/Music_in_advertising" title="Music in advertising">scores for advertisements</a> often feature <a href="/wiki/Clarinet" title="Clarinet">clarinets</a>, saxophones, or various <a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">strings</a> (such as the <a href="/wiki/Classical_guitar" title="Classical guitar">acoustic</a>/electric guitars and violins) as the primary instruments. </p><p>In the late 1990s and early 2000s, electronica music was increasingly used as background scores for television advertisements, initially for automobiles,<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later for other technological and business products such as computers and financial services. Television advertising has become a popular outlet for new artists to gain an audience for their work, with some advertisements displaying artist and song information onscreen at the beginning or end. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Advertisement_controversies">Advertisement controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Advertisement controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several advertisements were banned shortly after being televised due to their controversial nature. In 2005, the notorious "<a href="/wiki/Mortal_Kombat:_Shaolin_Monks#Controversy" title="Mortal Kombat: Shaolin Monks">Blood on the Carpet</a>" commercial for <i><a href="/wiki/Mortal_Kombat:_Shaolin_Monks" title="Mortal Kombat: Shaolin Monks">Mortal Kombat: Shaolin Monks</a></i> was pulled for its depicted <a href="/wiki/Mutilation" title="Mutilation">mutilation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Game_Boy_Advance_Micro" class="mw-redirect" title="Game Boy Advance Micro">Game Boy Advance Micro</a></i> commercial was withdrawn due to showing a <a href="/wiki/Laboratory_rat" title="Laboratory rat">lab rat</a> "<a href="/wiki/Animal_sexual_behavior" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal sexual behavior">humping</a>" on the handheld system, using it as a <a href="/wiki/Sex_toy" title="Sex toy">sex toy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Snickers" title="Snickers">Snickers</a></i> commercial featuring <a href="/wiki/Mr._T" title="Mr. T">Mr. T</a> shooting Snickers at a feminine speed walker was quickly pulled for being <a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">homophobic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Pebbles_(cereal)" title="Pebbles (cereal)">Cocoa Pebbles</a></i> commercial featuring a caricature based on <a href="/wiki/Hulk_Hogan" title="Hulk Hogan">Hulk Hogan</a> was removed after Hogan filed a lawsuit against <a href="/wiki/Post_Consumer_Brands" title="Post Consumer Brands">Post</a> for <a href="/wiki/Plagiarism" title="Plagiarism">plagiarizing</a> his image.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, the <i><a href="/wiki/Match.com" title="Match.com">Match.com</a></i> commercial depicting a petite woman (<a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a>) dating <a href="/wiki/Satan" title="Satan">Satan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ryan_Reynolds" title="Ryan Reynolds">Ryan Reynolds</a>) was only shown once before it was withdrawn as it is deemed religiously sensitive.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some advertisements are refused to be shown to the public, such as the risqué <a href="/wiki/Agfa_digital_cameras" title="Agfa digital cameras">AGFA</a> underwater camera commercial that was never televised for its <a href="/wiki/Sexual_innuendo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual innuendo">sexual innuendo</a> and implied <a href="/wiki/Indecent_exposure" title="Indecent exposure">indecent exposure</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, the <i><a href="/wiki/Burger_King" title="Burger King">Burger King</a></i> commercial featuring rapper <a href="/wiki/Mary_J._Blige" title="Mary J. Blige">Mary J. Blige</a> received backlash by <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> reviewers after it was previewed on the internet. Yet, it was shelved before being televised.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some campaigns in the controversial advertisements are often change in later times, like the slogan for the infamous <i><a href="/wiki/Dr_Pepper#Varieties" title="Dr Pepper">Dr Pepper Ten</a></i> commercial "It’s not for women" would no longer be used for subsequent ads after regarding it to be <a href="/wiki/Sexism" title="Sexism">sexist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even the slogan for <i><a href="/wiki/Kotex" title="Kotex">Kotex</a></i> "It fits. Period." (one advertisement showed a <a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">CG</a> <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropomorphic">anthropomorphic</a> red dot dissolving on a <a href="/wiki/Sanitary_napkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanitary napkin">pad</a>) was no longer used in the subsequent ads due to the result of the slogan's term "period" referring to both <a href="/wiki/Period_(punctuation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Period (punctuation)">punctuation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Menstruation" title="Menstruation">menstruation</a> was not appropriate for television owing to the regarded viewership surrounding children.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mac_Tonight" title="Mac Tonight">Mac Tonight</a> mascot made minimal appearances before retiring from the <i><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a></i> commercials due to the theme song "<a href="/wiki/Mack_the_Knife" title="Mack the Knife">Mack the Knife</a>" was infringed upon the likeness of <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Darin" title="Bobby Darin">Bobby Darin</a> as McDonald's was sued by his son, Dodd Mitchell Darin, in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advertising_adstock" title="Advertising adstock">Advertising adstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_ad" title="Attack ad">Attack ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_response_television" title="Direct response television">Direct response television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAST_marketing" title="FAST marketing">FAST marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingle" title="Jingle">Jingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promo_(media)" title="Promo (media)">Promo (media)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promotion_(marketing)" title="Promotion (marketing)">Promotion (marketing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_consumption" title="Television consumption">Television consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thinkbox" title="Thinkbox">Thinkbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upfront_(advertising)" title="Upfront (advertising)">Upfront (advertising)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZADZADZ" title="ZADZADZ">ZADZADZ</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMahfoozMahfooz2013" class="citation book cs1">Mahfooz, Yasser; Mahfooz, Faisal (2013). "8: Consumer Behavior Perspective for Fairness Creams: A Case of 'Fair & Lovely'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". In Jham, Vimi (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=c92WBQAAQBAJ"><i>Cases on Consumer-Centric Marketing Management</i></a>. Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services (AMCRMES) Book Series. Hershey, Pennsylvania: IGI Global. p. 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781466643581" title="Special:BookSources/9781466643581"><bdi>9781466643581</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2016</span>. <q>The association of achievement by lightening one's skin is a message conveyed in the TeleVision Commercial (TVC).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=8%3A+Consumer+Behavior+Perspective+for+Fairness+Creams%3A+A+Case+of+%27Fair+%26+Lovely%27&rft.btitle=Cases+on+Consumer-Centric+Marketing+Management&rft.place=Hershey%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.series=Advances+in+Marketing%2C+Customer+Relationship+Management%2C+and+E-Services+%28AMCRMES%29+Book+Series&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=IGI+Global&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781466643581&rft.aulast=Mahfooz&rft.aufirst=Yasser&rft.au=Mahfooz%2C+Faisal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dc92WBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuckerson2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Luckerson, Victor (May 12, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/96303/tv-commercials-increasing/">"Here's Exactly Why Watching TV Has Gotten So Annoying"</a>. <i>Time</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170814081226/http://time.com/96303/tv-commercials-increasing/">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Here%27s+Exactly+Why+Watching+TV+Has+Gotten+So+Annoying&rft.date=2014-05-12&rft.aulast=Luckerson&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F96303%2Ftv-commercials-increasing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlint2014" class="citation news cs1">Flint, Joe (May 12, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-nielsen-advertising-study-20140510-story.html">"TV networks load up on commercials"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809063157/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-nielsen-advertising-study-20140510-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=TV+networks+load+up+on+commercials&rft.date=2014-05-12&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Fenvelope%2Fcotown%2Fla-et-ct-nielsen-advertising-study-20140510-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg2016" class="citation news cs1">Steinberg, Brian (January 19, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2016/tv/news/tv-advertising-tv-networks-kill-commercials-1201682729/">"If The 30-Second TV Ad Is Dying, TV Networks Are Helping To Kill It"</a>. <i>Variety</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170806222220/http://variety.com/2016/tv/news/tv-advertising-tv-networks-kill-commercials-1201682729/">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=If+The+30-Second+TV+Ad+Is+Dying%2C+TV+Networks+Are+Helping+To+Kill+It&rft.date=2016-01-19&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2016%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Ftv-advertising-tv-networks-kill-commercials-1201682729%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregory2022" class="citation web cs1">Gregory, Thomas (January 4, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historycooperative.org/the-first-tv-a-complete-history-of-television/">"The First TV: A Complete History of Television"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+First+TV%3A+A+Complete+History+of+Television&rft.date=2022-01-04&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistorycooperative.org%2Fthe-first-tv-a-complete-history-of-television%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fritz Plasser,<i>Global Political Campaigning</i>, p226</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Imagery For Profit" R.W. Stewart, <i>The New York Times</i>, July 6, 1941.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.earlytelevision.org/images/rca_bulova_ad-1.jpg">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081009135015/http://www.earlytelevision.org/images/rca_bulova_ad-1.jpg">Archived</a> October 9, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> WNBT/Bulova test pattern</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1941/1941-07-07-BC.pdf">"Novel Commercials in Video Debut"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Broadcasting</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Match.com+ad+depicts+a+woman%E2%80%99s+relationship+with+Satan&rft.date=2020-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment-arts%2Fstory%2F2020-12-03%2Fryan-reynolds-match-2020-satan-harry-met-sally&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.looper.com/16113/commercials-banned-tv/">"Banned Commercials You Won't Be Seeing Anytime Soon"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Banned+Commercials+You+Won%27t+Be+Seeing+Anytime+Soon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.looper.com%2F16113%2Fcommercials-banned-tv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.today.com/popculture/mary-j-blige-blasted-hawking-chicken-burger-king-ad-653579">"Mary J. Blige blasted for hawking chicken in Burger King ad"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Today_(American_TV_program)" title="Today (American TV program)">Today</a></i>. April 4, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Delicious+Oral+History+of+%27Mac+Tonight%27&rft.date=2022-01-21&rft.au=Brock+Walsh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmelmagazine.com%2Fen-us%2Fstory%2Fmac-tonight-moon-man-oral-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+advertisement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncsolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/JAR_552_Nielsen-CBS.pdf">Measuring the Long-Term Effects Of Television Advertising</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://people.hbs.edu/banand/effectiveness.pdf">The Effectiveness and Targeting of Television Advertising</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://actacommercii.co.za/index.php/acta/article/viewFile/182/281">Brand recognition in television advertising: The influence of brand presence and brand introduction</a></li> <li>Advertising Content and Television Advertising Avoidance</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themediaant.com/blog/ufaqs/what-is-television-advertising/">What is Television Advertising? by The Media Ant</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_advertisement&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right mw-collapsible sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow" style="clear: both"> <b>Television advertisement</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex mw-collapsible-content"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Television_advertisement" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Television advertisement">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Television_advertising" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Television advertising">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Television_advertisement" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Television advertisement">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Television_advertisement" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Television advertisement">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Portal:Television_commercials" class="extiw" title="s:Portal:Television commercials">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Television_advertisement" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Television advertisement">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Television_advertisement" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Television advertisement">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.duke.edu/digitalcollections/adviews/">AdViews – Duke University Libraries Digital Collections</a>: A Digital Archive of Vintage Television Commercials</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Media_manipulation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Media_manipulation" title="Template:Media manipulation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Media_manipulation" title="Template talk:Media manipulation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Media_manipulation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Media manipulation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Media_manipulation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Media_manipulation" title="Media manipulation">Media manipulation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Context</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">Bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowd_psychology" title="Crowd psychology">Crowd psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deception" title="Deception">Deception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbing_down" title="Dumbing down">Dumbing down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_balance" title="False balance">False balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half-truth" title="Half-truth">Half-truths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media" title="Mass media">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obfuscation" title="Obfuscation">Obfuscation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orwellian" title="Orwellian">Orwellian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persuasion" title="Persuasion">Persuasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipulation_(psychology)" title="Manipulation (psychology)">Manipulation (psychology)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Activism" title="Activism">Activism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advocacy" title="Advocacy">Advocacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advocacy_group" title="Advocacy group">group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_media" title="Alternative media">Alternative media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boycott" title="Boycott">Boycott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call-out_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Call-out culture">Call-out culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancel_culture" title="Cancel culture">Cancel culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_disobedience" title="Civil disobedience">Civil disobedience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_jamming" title="Culture jamming">Culture jamming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_demonstration" title="Political demonstration">Demonstrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deplatforming" title="Deplatforming">Deplatforming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grassroots" title="Grassroots">Grassroots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_communication" title="Guerrilla communication">Guerrilla communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacktivism" title="Hacktivism">Hacktivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_activism" title="Internet activism">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_activism" title="Media activism">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_(protest)" title="Occupation (protest)">Occupations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petition" title="Petition">Petitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">Protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_activism" title="Youth activism">Youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">Advertising</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billboard" title="Billboard">Billboards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_advertising" title="False advertising">False</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infomercial" title="Infomercial">Infomercials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_marketing" title="Mobile marketing">Mobiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promotional_model" title="Promotional model">Modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_advertisement" title="Radio advertisement">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_advertising" title="Sex in advertising">Sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advertising_slogan" title="Advertising slogan">Slogans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testimonial" title="Testimonial">Testimonials</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_advertising" title="Criticism of advertising">Criticism of advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annoyance_factor" title="Annoyance factor">Annoyance factor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">Censorship</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Media_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Media regulation">Media regulation</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_censorship" title="Book censorship">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_law" title="Broadcast law">Broadcast law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_books_and_burying_of_scholars" title="Burning of books and burying of scholars">Burying of scholars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_and_kill" title="Catch and kill">Catch and kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_censorship" title="Corporate censorship">Corporate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cover-up" title="Cover-up">Cover-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemism" title="Euphemism">Euphemism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_censorship" title="Film censorship">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_negationism" title="Historical negationism">Historical negationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship" title="Internet censorship">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_censorship" title="Political censorship">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_censorship" title="Religious censorship">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-censorship" title="Self-censorship">Self</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hoax" title="Hoax">Hoaxing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_facts" title="Alternative facts">Alternative facts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day" title="April Fools' Day">April Fools'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepfake" title="Deepfake">Deepfake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">Fake news</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fake_news_website" title="Fake news website">websites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakelore" class="mw-redirect" title="Fakelore">Fakelore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_document" title="False document">False document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictitious_entry" title="Fictitious entry">Fictitious entries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firehose_of_falsehood" title="Firehose of falsehood">Firehose of falsehood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forgery" title="Forgery">Forgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaslighting" title="Gaslighting">Gaslighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hoaxes" title="List of hoaxes">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_forgery" title="Literary forgery">Literary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lying_press" title="Lying press">Lying press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photograph_manipulation" title="Photograph manipulation">Photograph manipulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_hoax" title="Racial hoax">Racial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_legends_and_myths" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban legends and myths">Urban legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virus_hoax" title="Virus hoax">Virus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_manipulation" title="Video manipulation">Video manipulation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Marketing" title="Marketing">Marketing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">Branding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalty_marketing" title="Loyalty marketing">Loyalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_marketing" title="Product marketing">Product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_placement" title="Product placement">Product placement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publicity" title="Publicity">Publicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_research" title="Market research">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word-of-mouth_marketing" title="Word-of-mouth marketing">Word of mouth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/News_media" title="News media">News media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda-setting_theory" title="Agenda-setting theory">Agenda-setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_broadcasting" title="News broadcasting">Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_circus" title="Media circus">Circus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24-hour_news_cycle" title="24-hour news cycle">Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotive_conjugation" title="Emotive conjugation">Emotive conjugation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_balance" title="False balance">False balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infotainment" title="Infotainment">Infotainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managing_the_news" title="Managing the news">Managing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcotizing_dysfunction" title="Narcotizing dysfunction">Narcotizing dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newspeak" title="Newspeak">Newspeak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_event" title="Media event">Pseudo-event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_scrum" title="Media scrum">Scrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensationalism" title="Sensationalism">Sensationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabloid_journalism" title="Tabloid journalism">Tabloid journalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_campaign" title="Political campaign">Political campaigning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_advertising" title="Campaign advertising">Advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astroturfing" title="Astroturfing">Astroturfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_ad" title="Attack ad">Attack ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canvassing" title="Canvassing">Canvassing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_assassination" title="Character assassination">Character assassination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_whistle_(politics)" title="Dog whistle (politics)">Dog whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_promise" title="Election promise">Election promises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawn_sign" title="Lawn sign">Lawn signs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_platform" title="Party platform">Party platforms (or manifestos)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_recognition" title="Name recognition">Name recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_campaigning" title="Negative campaigning">Negative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_poll" title="Push poll">Push polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smear_campaign" title="Smear campaign">Smear campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge_issue" title="Wedge issue">Wedge issue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">Propaganda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandwagon_effect" title="Bandwagon effect">Bandwagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_lie" title="Big lie">Big lie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowd_manipulation" title="Crowd manipulation">Crowd manipulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">Disinformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fearmongering" title="Fearmongering">Fearmongering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framing_(social_sciences)" title="Framing (social sciences)">Framing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoctrination" title="Indoctrination">Indoctrination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loaded_language" title="Loaded language">Loaded language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_myth" title="National myth">National mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rally_%27round_the_flag_effect" title="Rally 'round the flag effect">Rally 'round the flag effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_techniques" title="Propaganda techniques">Techniques</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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