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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Gobernua eta kultura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gobernua_eta_kultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iruditegia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iruditegia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Iruditegia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iruditegia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kara Koyunlu leinua</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 56 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88" title="قره قويونلو – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قره قويونلو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88" title="دولة قراقویونلو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دولة قراقویونلو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaraqoyunlular" title="Qaraqoyunlular – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qaraqoyunlular" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="قاراقویونلولار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قاراقویونلولار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D2%A0%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ҡара Ҡуйлылар – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡара Ҡуйлылар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Хара Хонид улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хара Хонид улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Qara Qoyunlu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%82%DB%86%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%84%DB%86" title="قەرەقۆینلۆ – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قەرەقۆینلۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakojunlusk%C3%A1_%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1e" title="Karakojunluská říše – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Karakojunluská říše" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Qara Qoyunlu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Μαυροπροβατάδες – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαυροπροβατάδες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Qara Qoyunlu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara-kojunlo" title="Kara-kojunlo – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kara-kojunlo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88" title="قره‌قویونلو – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قره‌قویونلو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Qara Qoyunlu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Qara Qoyunlu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%95" title="קארה קויונלו – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קארה קויונלו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakojunlu" title="Karakojunlu – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Karakojunlu" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1-%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կարա-Կոյունլուներ – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կարա-Կոյունլուներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%92%E7%BE%8A%E6%9C%9D" title="黒羊朝 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="黒羊朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90-%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3" title="ყარა-ყოიუნლუ – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყარა-ყოიუნლუ" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Қарақоюнлылар – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қарақоюнлылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC_%EC%BD%94%EC%9C%A4%EB%A3%A8" title="카라 코윤루 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카라 코윤루" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qereqoy%C3%BBn%C3%AE" title="Qereqoyûnî – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Qereqoyûnî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Kojunlu" title="Kara Kojunlu – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kara Kojunlu" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turcomans_dau_Moton_Negre" title="Turcomans dau Moton Negre – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Turcomans dau Moton Negre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Kojunlu" title="Kara Kojunlu – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kara Kojunlu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%DB%81_%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88" title="قرہ قویونلو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قرہ قویونلو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confedera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_do_Cordeiro_Negro" title="Confederação do Cordeiro Negro – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Confederação do Cordeiro Negro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statul_Qaraqoyunlu" title="Statul Qaraqoyunlu – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Statul Qaraqoyunlu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Кара-Коюнлу – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кара-Коюнлу" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Кара-Койунлу – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кара-Койунлу" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Kojunlu" title="Kara Kojunlu – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kara Kojunlu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Кара Којунлу – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кара Којунлу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" title="Kara Koyunlu – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kara Koyunlu" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garago%C3%BDunly_d%C3%B6wleti" title="Garagoýunly döwleti – turkmenera" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Garagoýunly döwleti" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakoyunlu" title="Karakoyunlu – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Karakoyunlu" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakoyunlular" title="Karakoyunlular – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karakoyunlular" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Кара-Коюнлу – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кара-Коюнлу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%DB%81_%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88" title="قرہ قویونلو – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قرہ قویونلو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qora_qo%CA%BByunlilar_davlati" title="Qora qoʻyunlilar davlati – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qora qoʻyunlilar davlati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Qara Qoyunlu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E7%BE%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="黑羊王朝 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="黑羊王朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90-%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3" title="ყარა-ყოიუნლუ – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ყარა-ყოიუნლუ" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E7%BE%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="黑羊王朝 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="黑羊王朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q324470#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu_leinua" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eztabaida:Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida (sortu gabe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" 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href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/Kara_Koyunlu_leinua" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Kara_Koyunlu_leinua" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&oldid=9625206" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=info" title="Orrialde honi buruzko informazio gehiago"><span>Orri honen datuak</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:CiteThisPage&page=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&id=9625206&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Orri honen aipua egiteko moduari buruzko informazioa"><span>Artikulu hau aipatu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKara_Koyunlu_leinua"><span>URL laburra lortu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKara_Koyunlu_leinua"><span>QR kodea jaitsi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inprimatu/esportatu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kara+Koyunlu+leinua"><span>Liburu bat sortu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=show-download-screen"><span>Deskargatu PDF formatuan</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&printable=yes" title="Orrialde honen bertsio inprimagarria [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inprimatzeko bertsioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beste proiektuetan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Qara_Qoyunlu" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q324470" title="Datuen biltegi elementu batera lotuta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata itema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itxura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #ddd;">Kara Koyunlu leinua<br /><small>قره قویونلو</small></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/1374" title="1374">1374</a> – <a href="/wiki/1468" title="1468">1468</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;border-top: 2px solid #ddd; border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Monarkia" title="Monarkia">monarkia</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span> <table style="width:100%; background:none"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle" align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_Kara_Koyunlu_dynasty.png" class="mw-file-description" title="uigur etnia bandera"><img alt="uigur etnia bandera" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Kara_Koyunlu_dynasty.png/120px-Flag_of_Kara_Koyunlu_dynasty.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Kara_Koyunlu_dynasty.png/180px-Flag_of_Kara_Koyunlu_dynasty.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Kara_Koyunlu_dynasty.png/240px-Flag_of_Kara_Koyunlu_dynasty.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="719" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle" align="center"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="uigur etnia armarria"><img alt="uigur etnia armarria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/73px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="73" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/110px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/147px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Qara_Qoyunlu_Turcomans_1407%E2%80%931468.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Qara_Qoyunlu_Turcomans_1407%E2%80%931468.png/280px-Qara_Qoyunlu_Turcomans_1407%E2%80%931468.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Qara_Qoyunlu_Turcomans_1407%E2%80%931468.png/420px-Qara_Qoyunlu_Turcomans_1407%E2%80%931468.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Qara_Qoyunlu_Turcomans_1407%E2%80%931468.png/560px-Qara_Qoyunlu_Turcomans_1407%E2%80%931468.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="428" /></a></span><div>Konfederazioaren hedadura maximoa (urdin argia)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #ddd;">Geografia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Hiriburua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erci%C5%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erciş (sortu gabe)">Erciş</a> (udakoa)<br /><a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a> (negukoa)<br /><a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabriz</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #ddd;">Kultura</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Hizkuntza(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera">persiera</a> (ofiziala)<br /><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanera" title="Azerbaijanera">azerbaijanera</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Arabiera" title="Arabiera">arabiera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Erlijioa</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xiismo" title="Xiismo">Xiismoa</a> (dirudienez)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #ddd;">Historia</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><table style="width: 100%; border: none; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="width:50%; background: transparent; padding: 5px; text-align: left; border-right: 2px solid #eee;"><div align="center"><small><b><big>←</big> Aurrekoa</b></small></div><table style="background:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="width:20px; padding:none;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_Ilkhanate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Ilkhanate.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ilkhanate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Ilkhanate.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ilkhanate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Ilkhanate.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ilkhanate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jalayiridar_dinastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jalayiridar dinastia (sortu gabe)">Jalayiridar dinastia</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td style="width:50%; background: transparent; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"><div align="center"><small><b>Ondorengoa <big>→</big></b></small></div><table style="background:none; width:100%"><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ag_Koyunlu_leinua" title="Ag Koyunlu leinua">Ag Koyunlu leinua</a></td><td style="width:20px; padding:none;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Tamga_of_Bayandur_(Aq_Qoyunlu_version).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tamga_of_Bayandur_%28Aq_Qoyunlu_version%29.svg/20px-Tamga_of_Bayandur_%28Aq_Qoyunlu_version%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tamga_of_Bayandur_%28Aq_Qoyunlu_version%29.svg/30px-Tamga_of_Bayandur_%28Aq_Qoyunlu_version%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tamga_of_Bayandur_%28Aq_Qoyunlu_version%29.svg/40px-Tamga_of_Bayandur_%28Aq_Qoyunlu_version%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="316" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kara Koyunlu leinua</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera">persieraz</a>: <span lang="fa">قره قویونلو‎</span>‎, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanera" title="Azerbaijanera">azerbaijaneraz</a>: <span lang="az"><i>قاراقویونلولار‎</i></span> <i>Qaraqoyunlular</i>) oghuz leinuen konfederazio bat izan zen 1374 eta 1468 artean gaur egungo <a href="/wiki/Turkia" title="Turkia">Turkiaren</a> ekialdean, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijanen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Iraken</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> mendebaldean gobernatu izan zuena<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Inperio <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-disambig" title="Persia">persiartua</a> izan zen, hizkuntza, kultura, literatura eta arteari dagokionez eta <a href="/wiki/Sunismo" title="Sunismo">sunismoa</a> zen erlijio nagusia<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <b>Ardi Beltzaren turkomaniarrak</b> ere esaten zitzaien. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kara Koyunlu konfederazioa gobernatu zuen familia Yima leinu oghuztarrekoa zen. XIV. mendearen hasieran <a href="/wiki/Van_(aintzira)" title="Van (aintzira)">Van aintzira</a> inguruko lurrak eta <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a> hiriaren eskualdea haien menpe zuten. </p><p>Garai hartan <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdaden</a> hiriburu zuen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jalayiridar_dinastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jalayiridar dinastia (sortu gabe)">Jalayiridar sultanerriko</a> menpekoak ziren eta 1374an matxinatu eta Kaera Yusuf liderrak Tabriz konkistatu zuen Kara Koyunlu leinuaren aroa hasiz. 1400an <a href="/wiki/Tamerlan" title="Tamerlan">Tamerlan</a> konkistatzaileak Kara Koyunlutarrak garaitu zituen eta Kara Yusufek Egiptora ihes egin behar izan zuen. Tamerlanek ordea atxilotzea lortu zuen eta <a href="/wiki/Damasko" title="Damasko">Damaskon</a> Kara Yusuf eta Jalayiridarren sultana zen Ahmad Jalayir elkartu zituen. Lurrak banatu zituzten orduan, Kara Yusufek Azerbaijan ingurua hartu zuen eta Ahmad Jalayirrek Bagdad ingurua. </p><p>1410an Kara Koyunluk Bagdad erasotu eta konkistatu zuen Jalayiridar dinastiari amaiera emanez. <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanerria" title="Ilkhanerria">Ilkhanerriaren</a> amaiera ere izan zen bide batez. Hurrengo hamarkadetan oghuz tirkiarrek populatu zuten eremu berria. 1420an hil zen Kara Yusuf. </p><p>Hurrengo agintari handia Jahān Shāh izan zen eta egin zuen aurreneko gauza <a href="/wiki/Timurtarren_dinastia" title="Timurtarren dinastia">timurtarren</a> sultana zen Shāh Ruj Mirzārekin bake ituna sinatzea izan zen. 1447an Shāh Ruj Mirzā hil zen eta Kara Koyunlutarrek Iraken lurralde zabalak eta Arabiar penintsulako mendebaldeko ertza anexionatu zituzten<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1466an <a href="/wiki/Ag_Koyunlu_leinua" title="Ag Koyunlu leinua">Ag Koyunlu</a> leinuaren <a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r" title="Diyarbakır">Diyarbakır</a> hiriburua hartu nahi izan zuen. Kara Koyunlu leinuaren antzeko oghuz konfederazioa zen eta "Ardi zuriaren turkomaniarrak" esaten zitzaien Kara Koyunlurekin bereizteko. Ardi beltzek ekialderantz hedatu nahi zuten eta ardi zuriak mendebalderantz zabaltzen ari ziren<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Jahān Shāhen egitasmoa ordea porrot handia ezezik erreinuaren amaiera izan zen, 1468an Ag Koyunlutarren Uzun Hasanek garaitu baitzituen eta Kara Koyunlutarren lurrak eskuratu baitzituen, Kara Koyunlu leinuari amaiera emanez. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gobernua_eta_kultura">Gobernua eta kultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Gobernua eta kultura»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Gobernua eta kultura"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aurretik izan ziren Jalayiriden eta <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanerria" title="Ilkhanerria">Ilkhaniden</a> sistema jarraitu zuen Kara Koyunlu leinuak. Kara Yusufek agintea hartu zuenetik "sultan" titulua erabili zuten enperadoreek. Inoiz <i>bahadur</i>, <i>khan</i>, <i>khagan</i> edo <i>padishah</i> ere agertzen dira testuetan<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Inperioko probintzien agintariak <i>şehzade</i> edo <i>bey</i> ziren eta hauek lurralde txikiagoak eramaten zituzten <i>divan</i>-ak zituzten azpian. </p><p>Kultura persiarra zuten eta <a href="/wiki/Persiera" title="Persiera">persiera</a> zen gorteko hizkuntza ofiziala<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Hori erabiltzen zuten diplomazian eta literaturan ere<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Mameluko" title="Mameluko">Mamelukoekin</a> harremanetarako zerabiltzen hizkuntza ordea <a href="/wiki/Arabiera" title="Arabiera">arabiera</a> zen. Jahān Shāh sultanak poesia ugari idatzi zituen, azerbaijaneraz eta persieraz. Azkenik Abu Bakr Tehranik <i>Kitab-i Diyarbakriyya</i> liburua persieraz idatzi zuen. Bertan Kara Koyunlu eta Ag Koyunlu leinuen historia kontatzen du<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iruditegia">Iruditegia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Iruditegia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Iruditegia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Qara_Yusif_Bey_leading_Qaraqoyunlu_army_against_Shirvanshahs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kara Yusuf Kurako borrokan, 1412an."><img alt="Kara Yusuf Kurako borrokan, 1412an." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Qara_Yusif_Bey_leading_Qaraqoyunlu_army_against_Shirvanshahs.jpg/120px-Qara_Yusif_Bey_leading_Qaraqoyunlu_army_against_Shirvanshahs.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Qara_Yusif_Bey_leading_Qaraqoyunlu_army_against_Shirvanshahs.jpg/180px-Qara_Yusif_Bey_leading_Qaraqoyunlu_army_against_Shirvanshahs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Qara_Yusif_Bey_leading_Qaraqoyunlu_army_against_Shirvanshahs.jpg/240px-Qara_Yusif_Bey_leading_Qaraqoyunlu_army_against_Shirvanshahs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="438" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kara Yusuf Kurako borrokan, 1412an.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Wine_Drinking_in_a_Spring_Garden_MET_DP240660.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="XV. mendeko miniatura bat, New Yorkeko Metropolitan museoan dagoena."><img alt="XV. mendeko miniatura bat, New Yorkeko Metropolitan museoan dagoena." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Wine_Drinking_in_a_Spring_Garden_MET_DP240660.jpg/120px-Wine_Drinking_in_a_Spring_Garden_MET_DP240660.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Wine_Drinking_in_a_Spring_Garden_MET_DP240660.jpg/180px-Wine_Drinking_in_a_Spring_Garden_MET_DP240660.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Wine_Drinking_in_a_Spring_Garden_MET_DP240660.jpg/240px-Wine_Drinking_in_a_Spring_Garden_MET_DP240660.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3830" data-file-height="2763" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">XV. mendeko miniatura bat, New Yorkeko <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan museoan</a> dagoena.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Blue_(Kabud)_Mosque_-_1,_Tabriz,_Iran.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tabrizko Meskita urdina, Jahān Shāhen aginduz eraikia."><img alt="Tabrizko Meskita urdina, Jahān Shāhen aginduz eraikia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Blue_%28Kabud%29_Mosque_-_1%2C_Tabriz%2C_Iran.jpg/120px-Blue_%28Kabud%29_Mosque_-_1%2C_Tabriz%2C_Iran.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Blue_%28Kabud%29_Mosque_-_1%2C_Tabriz%2C_Iran.jpg/180px-Blue_%28Kabud%29_Mosque_-_1%2C_Tabriz%2C_Iran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Blue_%28Kabud%29_Mosque_-_1%2C_Tabriz%2C_Iran.jpg/240px-Blue_%28Kabud%29_Mosque_-_1%2C_Tabriz%2C_Iran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabrizko</a> Meskita urdina, Jahān Shāhen aginduz eraikia.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kara-Koyunlu">«Kara Koyunlu | History, Meaning, & Capital | Britannica»</a> <i>www.britannica.com</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-11-20)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFArjomand2016-06-08">Arjomand, Saïd Amir.  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(1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/islamicdynasties0005bosw"><i>The Islamic dynasties : a chronological and genealogical handbook. </i></a> Edinburgh : University Press <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-11-20)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46660607"><i>The Encyclopedia of world history : ancient, medieval, and modern, chronologically arranged. </i></a> (Sixth edition [revised and updated]. argitaraldia) 2001 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0-395-65237-5" title="Berezi:BookSources/0-395-65237-5">0-395-65237-5</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=46660607">46660607</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-11-20)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Turkieraz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Turkieraz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/karakoyunlular">«KARAKOYUNLULAR»</a> <i>TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-11-26)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFPrice,_Massoume2005">Price, Massoume.  (2005). <i>Iran's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. </i> ABC-CLIO</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFMinorsky1954-06">Minorsky, V..  (1954-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bulletin-of-the-school-of-oriental-and-african-studies/article/abs/jihanshah-qaraqoyunlu-and-his-poetry-turkmenica-9/69A48E9D02A44E30F4AF0C306964D7BF">«Jihān-shāh Qara-qoyunlu and his Poetry (Turkmenica 9)»</a> <i>Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies</i> 16 (2): 271–297.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS0041977X00105981">10.1017/S0041977X00105981</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1474-0699">1474-0699</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-11-26)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Turkieraz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Turkieraz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/kitab-i-diyarbekriyye">«KİTÂB-ı DİYARBEKRİYYE»</a> <i>TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-11-26)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kara_Koyunlu_leinua&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>    </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ErrefAurrebista\" was not loaded. 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