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jQuery(document).ready( function($){ $("img").lazyload({ placeholder : "/static/js/grey.gif", effect : "fadeIn", threshold : 200 }); }); </script> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <h1 class="mt"><span class="z">博文</span> </h1> </div> <div class="bm_c"> <div class="vw mbm"> <div class="h pbm"> <h1 class="ph"> 谁是“丹霞地貌”的第一贡献人？ <a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog.php?mod=recommend"><img src="./static/image/blog/recommendico.gif" width="22px" height="22px" /><font style="font-size:14px; color:#930;" face="宋体">精选</font></a> </h1> <p class="xg2"> <span class="xg1">已有 10955 次阅读</span> <span class="xg1">2023-1-30 11:48</span> <span class="pipe">|</span><span class="xg1">个人分类:<a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=39317&do=blog&classid=120297&view=me">地学科普</a></span><span class="pipe">|</span><span class="xg1">系统分类:<a href="https://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&do=blog&view=all&uid=39317&catid=7">科普集锦</a></span> </p> </div> <div id="blog_article" class="d cl" ><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 29px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞地貌是由中国人在中国境内命名的地貌类型，国内以丹霞地貌命名的景点已有1200多处，是世界上丹霞地貌分布最多的国家，丹霞地貌被誉为中国地学的“国粹”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 29px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">提起丹霞地貌，几乎所有材料都会讲述如下事实：1928年，冯景兰首先在广东的仁化命名了丹霞层，1938年左右，陈国达将丹霞层构成的地貌命名为丹霞地形（即现在的丹霞地貌）。之后，又经历吴尚时、曾昭旋、黄进、彭华等多位科学家的努力，最终成为国际上<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">比较认可</span>的地貌类型。        <br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="http://bbs.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=attachment&filename=%CD%BC1%20%B7%EB%BE%B0%C0%BC-%B3%C2%B9%FA%B4%EF-%CE%E2%C9%D0%CA%B1-%D4%F8%D5%D1%E8%AF-%BB%C6%BD%F8-%C5%ED%BB%AA.jpg&id=1022693" title="" alt="图1 冯景兰-陈国达-吴尚时-曾昭璇-黄进-彭华.jpg"/><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 29px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">经常有人会问：在上述几位科学家中，到底谁是丹霞地貌的命名人？谁对丹霞地貌的贡献最大？丹霞地貌是中国独有的么？为什么国外很少有丹霞地貌的说法或景点？想知道这些问题的答案，必须从丹霞地貌的命名过程讲起。</span></p><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; background-color: #C00000; color: #FFFFFF; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="background-color: #C00000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">韶石山及丹霞山的来历</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 29px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在广东北部的韶关市仁化县城南侧，有一块数百平方千米的区域，发育了大量以赤壁丹崖为特征，大小不等、形态各异的山峰。它们有的形如城堡，恢弘壮丽；有的状如宝塔，巍峨高大；有的如同上古神器，巧夺天工；有的仿若飞鸟走兽，栩栩如生；有的像亭亭玉立的少女，有的则宛如端庄稳重的观音大士；最令人拍案叫绝的是，有的景观形似人体器官，惟妙惟肖。同一山体在不同角度、不同高度、不同气象条件或不同时间去观察，会呈现出迥然不同的形态。而远近高低各不相同的“石堡”“石墙”和“石柱”等又往往组合成簇群状的峰丛或峰林，连同蜿蜒于群山之间的锦江、千变万化的云雾和郁郁葱葱的亚热带植被，构成了一幅幅雄奇险峻、秀美绝伦的风景。</span></p><section><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://bbs.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=attachment&filename=image.png&id=1022689" title="" alt="image.png"/></p></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 19.5px; color: black; font-size: 13px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞山的东部群峰</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 29px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">传说中，数千年前，舜帝南巡途中，被此地的奇异风景所吸引，于是他带领随行人员来到一处高大平坦的峰顶，演奏韶乐，并命名了周围36座山峰。如今，这36座山峰已无从查证，后人把这一区域所有由红色岩石构成的山峰统称为韶石或韶石山，附近的关隘逐渐演变成了现在的韶关市。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 29px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">韶石山中最大的一座山体叫做丹霞山。相传，它是在明朝末年被祖籍河南的<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">李永茂</span>和<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">李充茂</span>兄弟二人以150两白银的价钱从本地人买下，并以老家附近南召县的丹霞山命名。也有资料说，丹霞山的名字在更早的时就已经存在。<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">李永茂、李充茂</span>兄弟二人买下丹霞山，表面上用来辟创寺院、礼佛修行，实则是把丹霞山做为反清复明的基地。</span></p><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; background-color: #C00000; color: #FFFFFF; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #C00000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">中国地质学家的首次考察——"丹霞层"的建立</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 29px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1927年9月6日，当时的国民党中央政治会议广州分会成立了“两广地质调查所”，朱家骅为首任所长，下设技正(相当于现在的研究室主任)6人，技士10人，技佐10人。12月3日，刚刚担任两广地质调查所技正才几个月的冯景兰奉命从广州出发，到仁化、始兴和南雄附近进行综合地质矿产调查。冯景兰一行12月3日下午乘火车到达韶关，6日下午到达仁化，“沿途所见以红色岩层为多，常成为高一、二百公尺之奇峰陡壁，风景殊佳”。12月6日晚，冯景兰等人乘船沿锦江南下，住在丹霞山脚下。7日，用了足足一天时间，考察了丹霞山锦岩赤壁等景点，观察红色岩层的岩性，探讨丹霞山的成因。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">12月13日，冯景兰一行数人到达南雄，研究南雄附近的红土成因。经过对比研究，冯景兰先生认为仁化丹霞山的山体和南雄盆地的红色岩系是同一个大的沉积过程的产物，岩石的颜色均为红色，所以统称为红色岩系（或简称红层），但是，丹霞山附近的</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">红色厚层砂岩和砾岩为这个旋回的下部层位，层理发育，称为</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> “丹霞层”。那些</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">状如城堡的“绝崖陡壁“大多是丹霞层</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">经强烈侵蚀后所形成，“峰崖崔嵬，江流奔腾，赤壁四立，绿树上覆，真岭南之奇观也”。而以南雄盆地为代表的粒度较细的红色页岩和砂岩层为丹霞层沉积后形成的，位于丹霞层的上部，称为“南雄层”。从此，丹霞和南雄成为地质学中具有特殊含义的名词。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://bbs.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=attachment&filename=%A1%B0%B5%A4%CF%BC%B2%E3%A1%B1%BA%CD%A1%B0%B5%A4%CF%BC%B5%D8%C3%B2%A1%B1%B5%C4%C3%FC%C3%FB%B5%D8-%BD%F5%D1%D2%B3%E0%B1%DA-%B3%C2%D6%BE%B7%BC.jpg&id=1022691" title="" alt="“丹霞层”和“丹霞地貌”的命名地-锦岩赤壁-陈志芳.jpg"/><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 19.5px; color: black; font-size: 13px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">照片中的这座山就是当年的丹霞山，是丹霞层的命名地</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">冯景兰先生1927年的这次地质考察涵盖了地貌、地层、构造地质和矿产资源等多个领域，跨越多个地质时代，是中国地质工作者对两广地区进行的首次综合性地学考察。<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">考察活动累计用时23天，“行路约千余里，测制地质图面积1万3千余方里（平方里），采得矿物岩石化石标本约200余种”，绘制了1：50万综合地质图一张。无论从哪个方面去衡量，这都是效率极高、成果丰硕的一次地质考察</strong>，主要成果于1928年正式发表。其中，与本文关系最紧密的成果就是“丹霞层”的提出。<br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="http://bbs.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=attachment&filename=%B9%E3%B6%AB%C7%FA%BD%AD-%C8%CA%BB%AF-%CA%BC%D0%CB-%C4%CF%D0%DB%B5%D8%D6%CA%CD%BC-%B7%EB%BE%B0%C0%BC%A3%AC1928.jpg&id=1022694" title="" alt="广东曲江-仁化-始兴-南雄地质图-冯景兰，1928.jpg"/><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 19.5px; color: black; font-size: 13px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">冯景兰等人野外考察后绘制的1：50万地质图</span></p><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; background-color: #C00000; color: #FFFFFF; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #C00000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞层与南雄层的争议、丹霞地貌（丹霞地形）的产生过程</span></strong></span></section></section></section><section><section><br/></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">    1934年，22岁的陈国达以广东境内大面积分布的中新生代红色岩层为选题，完成了他在中山大学的毕业论文——《广东之红色岩系》并在1935年公开发表。此时，陈国达对丹霞层、南雄层等的认识基本上来自于冯景兰先生的观点：<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">即<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">丹霞层</span>居下，<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">南雄层</span>居上</span>。</span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1936-1945年，陈国达先后任两广地质调查所和江西地质调查所技士、技正。1937年至1938年间，陈国达对江西贡水流域、抚州地区和湖南的宜章县等地的红层进行调查之后，发现这些地区的红层地貌特征与广东</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞山、金鸡岭十分相似：有“无数小峰，均在同一面上，四面危崖垂下，峰形不一，如塔、如人、如兽、如鸟，远望如在画中”。而这些奇异风景正是由冯景兰先生命名的“丹霞层”所构成，于是，陈国达在《江西贡水流域地质》（发表于1939年）、《崇仁宜黄间地质矿产》（工作于1939年初，公开发表于1940年）两篇报告中，<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">将这些由丹霞层侵蚀风化形成的顶平坡陡、绝壁悬崖的奇峰怪石命名为”丹霞地形“</strong>（1950年以后改称丹霞地貌）。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">经过对广东、江西、湖南多个地区红层的对比研究，</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">陈国达除了首次提出“丹霞地形”的地质术语外，还</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">发现“</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞层”与“南雄层”是两个不同地质时代的产物，丹霞层的形成明显晚于南雄层，在空间分布上，<span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; background-color: #FFC000;">丹霞层应该位于南雄层之上</span>，</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">与冯景兰先生的认识正好相反。1938年，陈国达把这一认识写进了英文论文中：On the subdivisions of the Red Beds of South-Eastern China（中国东南红色岩层之划分）。当时，冯景兰先生已经是中国著名的地质学家，任西南联合大学教授，而陈国达先生当时只有26岁。由于这篇论文完全颠覆了冯景兰先生的结论，因此，当陈国达的论文投到“中国地质学会会志”编辑部时，被嘲笑为不懂地质常识，险被拒稿。经当时</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">江西地质调查所所长尹赞勋先生的极力推荐，才勉强刊出，但是编辑部把杨钟健等人关于湖南省内红层的英文论文排在了陈国达的文章前面。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1939年，冯景兰先生在中国地质学会的另一个著名刊物《地质论评》中，发表了《关于“中国东南部红色岩层之划分”的意见》。冯景兰先生以杨钟健等人的文章做为辅证，从盆地构造、沉积旋回等方面进行了系统的论证，认为陈国达的观点是错误的。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1943年，司徒穗卿在广东省北部的坪石进行野外研究之后，发表了一篇极短的文章，但明确指出，坪石的地层可以分为上下两个红层，下红层相当于南雄层，上红层相当于丹霞层，这一结论与陈国达的观点一致。1951年，周仁沾等人对广东惠州一带的红色岩系进行了研究，也发现上下两个红层：下部的老红岩相当于南雄组，含有火山喷发的流纹岩夹层，地层向北东方向倾斜，倾角为20度。老红岩与上部的新红层（丹霞层）之间有明显的界线。新红层向东南方向倾斜，倾角只有10-15度。新红层内没有流纹岩夹层，但是有流纹岩以及下部老红岩破碎后演变而来的砾石块。由此认定陈国达的观点是正确的。后来，越来越多的成果都支持陈国达的观点。正确认识丹霞层与南雄层的时空关系，对于丹霞地貌的形成过程至关重要。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">自陈国达提出丹霞地形的地貌学术语后，凡是与丹霞山类似的地貌就都被称为“丹霞地貌”，</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞山成为“丹霞地貌”的发源地。</span></span></strong></p><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; background-color: #C00000; color: #FFFFFF; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #C00000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞地貌的发展</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">继陈国达之后，吴尚时、曾昭旋、黄进和彭华等人又先后对红层和丹霞地貌进行了数十年的研究。如今，丹霞地貌的概念已经得到了国内地学界的广泛认可。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞地貌不仅在地学研究领域具有重要的学术价值，更是一种非常重要的旅游资源。中国境内多个著名的国家级风景名胜区是由丹霞地貌构成的，典型的实例有广东丹霞山、福建武夷山、江西龙虎山、四川剑门山、重庆四面山、贵州赤水、安徽齐云山、甘肃麦积山、张掖世界地质公园中的冰沟景区、陕西的雨岔大峡谷等等。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如今，丹霞山早已不再是一座山峰，而是泛指以狭义的丹霞山为核心的整个风景区。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1988 年，丹霞山景区被国务院批准为国家重点风景名胜区，景区面积扩展到180 平方千米。1995 年被国务院批准为国家地质地貌自然保护区，2001 年成为中国首批国家地质公园，2004 年2 月广东丹霞山国家地质公园入选联合国教科文组织首批世界地质公园，面积扩展到292平方千米。2010 年8 月，广东丹霞山与贵州赤水、湖南崀山、江西龙虎山和龟山、福建泰宁、浙江江郎山等6个丹霞地貌景区一起，以“中国丹霞”（China Landform）的名义成功入选联合国教科文组织的“世界自然遗产名录”；2012 年，丹霞山风景区晋升为国家5A 级旅游景区。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在全国所有丹霞地貌景区中，<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">广东丹霞山是其中发育最典型、类型最齐全、造型最丰富、景色最优美、研究最充分的景区，也是我国所有国家公园中科普活动搞得最好、最红火的景区，被誉为“中国的红石公园” 。</strong></span></p><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; background-color: #C00000; color: #FFFFFF; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #C00000; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">陈国达先生毕生关注丹霞地貌</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">陈国达先生毕生涉足地学的多个领域并都有丰硕成果。但他始终关注着丹霞地貌，也撰写过多篇研究论文和科普诗。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">中国境内以丹霞地貌命名的景点已经上千处，然而，国外却很少见到以丹霞地貌命名的自然景点。是因为国外没有或少有类似的地貌么？答案是否定的。主要原因是丹霞地貌的概念还没有得到国际地学界的广泛认可，所有类似的地貌都被简单地归入了红层地貌或砂岩地貌。<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #FFC000;">近年来，“丹霞地貌”的概念有过度扩大化的趋势，<span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 32px;">把几乎所有的红层地貌都当成了丹霞地貌。如果持续这样，“</span>丹霞地貌”就与早已存在的“红层地貌”没有差别，也就失去了在地学界的存在价值。所以在地学界和旅游界不要滥用“丹霞地貌”的概念。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1981年10月28日至11月1日，陈国达先生考察了美国科罗拉多高原。当他看到石拱公园内三叠纪红层构成的奇峰怪石后，称它们就相当于中国的“丹霞地貌”。陈国达先生高兴之余，当即赋诗一首：</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞地貌世逢双，赤拱绛屏比丽装。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">虽话荒原多异石，还欠文物饰风光。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这是目前为止，笔者见到最早报道国外丹霞地貌的文字。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1992年，陈国达先生考察湖南崀山丹霞地貌景区后，为崀山丹霞地貌景区写了6首科普诗，其中如下诗句：“</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">崀山盆地展红层，造就峭壁与陡峻；借问谁家施技巧，坚岩水蚀顺裂崩。</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span>只用了“<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">坚岩水蚀顺裂崩</strong>”，就形象地阐述了丹霞地貌的主要形成过程。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; text-indent: 32px; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1993 年2月13日，陈国达专门为丹霞地貌的成因和开发写了一首四言古诗。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞地貌，神州奇葩; 峰林如画，誉满东亚。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">中生代初，地台活化; 造山运动，诞生地洼。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">盆深气热，沉积氧化; 三价铁艳，朱赛彩霞。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">红层平叠，节理垂挂; 风化水蚀，雕就秀芭。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">寨高峡险，赤壁绛崖; 金鸡奔马，石拱双塔。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">众士科研，果硕章华; 发展旅游，功报国家。</span></strong></p><h1><span style="font-size: 16px; background-color: #C00000; color: #FFFFFF;">综上所述，无论是从丹霞地貌的早期命名，还是后续的研究和旅游开发，陈国达先生都有非常大的贡献，是丹霞地貌的命名者和最大贡献人。</span></h1><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><span style="background-color: #C00000; color: #FFFFFF;"><strong style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="background-color: #C00000; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;">丹霞地貌的概念</span></strong></span><br/></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">    丹霞地貌属于红层地貌中的特殊类型，是由中生代以来陆相环境中形成的红色砂岩、砾岩等在差异风化、重力崩塌、流水侵蚀、溶蚀等综合作用下形成的城堡状、宝塔状、针状、柱状、棒状、方山状或峰林状的地形，也包括一些陡立的侵蚀峡谷、一线天、天生桥及各种天然洞穴等，成景岩层多呈水平或缓倾斜状，岩层内垂向节理发育。可以简记为“<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">流水侵蚀为主要成因、以赤壁丹崖为主要特征的陆相红层地貌</strong>”。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="http://bbs.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=attachment&filename=%B5%A4%CF%BC%B5%D8%C3%B2%CC%D8%D5%F7%CA%BE%D2%E2%CD%BC%20%A3%A8%BA%AC%CE%C4%D7%D6%BD%E2%CA%CD%A3%A9.jpg&id=1022692" title="" alt="丹霞地貌特征示意图（含文字解释）.jpg"/><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: center; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 13px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">丹霞地貌的形态特征：顶平（岩层平缓）、身陡（赤壁丹崖环绕）、麓缓（山麓平缓且常有大量崩落的岩块）</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; text-align: justify; background: white; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="text-align: justify; font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 1.5px;">本文作为“</span><span style="text-align: justify; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; 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