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<span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changing_environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changing_environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Changing environment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changing_environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mongolian Plateau</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="هضبة منغوليا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هضبة منغوليا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monqol_platosu" title="Monqol platosu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Monqol platosu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF" title="মঙ্গোলীয় মালভূমি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মঙ্গোলীয় মালভূমি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%8F%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Монгол яйлаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Монгол яйлаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altipl%C3%A0_de_Mong%C3%B2lia" title="Altiplà de Mongòlia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Altiplà de Mongòlia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolsk%C3%A1_plo%C5%A1ina" title="Mongolská plošina – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mongolská plošina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolisches_Plateau" title="Mongolisches Plateau – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mongolisches Plateau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AD%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Οροπέδιο της Μογγολίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οροπέδιο της Μογγολίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meseta_de_Mongolia" title="Meseta de Mongolia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Meseta de Mongolia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongola_Altebena%C4%B5o" title="Mongola Altebenaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mongola Altebenaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliako_goi-lautada" title="Mongoliako goi-lautada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mongoliako goi-lautada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فلات مغولستان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فلات مغولستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateau_mongol" title="Plateau mongol – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Plateau mongol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altiplano_de_Mongolia" title="Altiplano de Mongolia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Altiplano de Mongolia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" title="蒙古 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="蒙古" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%BD%EA%B3%A8%EA%B3%A0%EC%9B%90" title="몽골고원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="몽골고원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="मंगोलिया का पठार – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मंगोलिया का पठार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolska_visoravan" title="Mongolska visoravan – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mongolska visoravan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataran_Tinggi_Mongolia" title="Dataran Tinggi Mongolia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dataran Tinggi Mongolia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altopiano_della_Mongolia" title="Altopiano della Mongolia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Altopiano della Mongolia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyanda_za_Juu_za_Mongolia" title="Nyanda za Juu za Mongolia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nyanda za Juu za Mongolia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolijas_plakankalne" title="Mongolijas plakankalne – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mongolijas plakankalne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolijos_plynauk%C5%A1t%C4%97" title="Mongolijos plynaukštė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mongolijos plynaukštė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Голема Монголија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Голема Монголија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A0%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF" title="മംഗോളിയൻ പീഠഭൂമി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മംഗോളിയൻ പീഠഭൂമി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88_%D3%A9%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%B3" title="Монголын тэгш өндөрлөг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Монголын тэгш өндөрлөг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoolse_Hoogvlakte" title="Mongoolse Hoogvlakte – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mongoolse Hoogvlakte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AB%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="モンゴル高原 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モンゴル高原" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_mongolske_plat%C3%A5" title="Det mongolske platå – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det mongolske platå" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wy%C5%BCyna_Mongolska" title="Wyżyna Mongolska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wyżyna Mongolska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planalto_Mongol" title="Planalto Mongol – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Planalto Mongol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platoul_Mongol" title="Platoul Mongol – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Platoul Mongol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Монгольское плато – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Монгольское плато" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolska_planota" title="Mongolska planota – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mongolska planota" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolska_visoravan" title="Mongolska visoravan – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Mongolska visoravan" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_yl%C3%A4nk%C3%B6" title="Mongolian ylänkö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mongolian ylänkö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF" title="மங்கோலியப் பீடபூமி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மங்கோலியப் பீடபூமி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C4%9Fol_Platosu" title="Moğol Platosu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Moğol Platosu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Монгольське плато – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Монгольське плато" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B9" title="منگولی سطح مرتفع – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="منگولی سطح مرتفع" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_M%C3%B4ng_C%E1%BB%95" title="Đại Mông Cổ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại Mông Cổ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="蒙古高原 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="蒙古高原" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="蒙古高原 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蒙古高原" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="蒙古高原 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蒙古高原" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mongolian_Plateau&params=45_N_110_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°N</span> <span class="longitude">110°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45°N 110°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45; 110</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Part of the Central Asian Plateau</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Mongolian Plateau</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongolei-Topografie,Atlas1903.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mongolei-Topografie%2CAtlas1903.JPG/220px-Mongolei-Topografie%2CAtlas1903.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mongolei-Topografie%2CAtlas1903.JPG/330px-Mongolei-Topografie%2CAtlas1903.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mongolei-Topografie%2CAtlas1903.JPG/440px-Mongolei-Topografie%2CAtlas1903.JPG 2x" data-file-width="879" data-file-height="725" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">1903 topographic map of the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> depicting the Mongolian Plateau</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" class="extiw" title="wikt:蒙古高原">蒙古高原</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">蒙古高原</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Ménggǔ Gāoyuán</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;">ㄇㄥˊ　ㄍㄨˇ　ㄍㄠ　ㄩㄢˊ</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Mongolian name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Cyrillic_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongolian Cyrillic script">Mongolian Cyrillic</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Mongolian-language text"><span lang="mn">Монголын тэгш өндөрлөг</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_script" title="Mongolian script">Mongolian script</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Mongolian-language text"><span lang="mn"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237794275">.mw-parser-output .font-mong{font-family:"Menk Hawang Tig","Menk Qagan Tig","Menk Garqag Tig","Menk Har_a Tig","Menk Scnin Tig","Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig","Oyun Qagan Tig","Oyun Garqag Tig","Oyun Har_a Tig","Oyun Scnin Tig","Oyun Agula Tig","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White","Mongol Usug","Mongolian White","MongolianScript","Code2000","Menksoft Qagan"}.mw-parser-output .font-mong-mnc,.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(mnc-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(dta-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(sjo-Mong){font-family:"Abkai Xanyan","Abkai Xanyan LA","Abkai Xanyan VT","Abkai Xanyan XX","Abkai Xanyan SC","Abkai Buleku","Daicing White","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White"}</style><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ<br />ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ<br />ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ</span></span></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Mongolian Plateau</b> is an inland <a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">plateau</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a> that lies between 37°46′-53°08′N and 87°40′-122°15′E<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and has an area of approximately 3,200,000 square kilometers (1,200,000 sq mi).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It is bounded by the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Hinggan_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Hinggan Mountains">Greater Hinggan Mountains</a> in the east, the <a href="/wiki/Yin_Mountains" title="Yin Mountains">Yin Mountains</a> to the south, the <a href="/wiki/Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Altai Mountains</a> to the west, and the <a href="/wiki/Sayan_Mountains" title="Sayan Mountains">Sayan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khentii_Mountains" title="Khentii Mountains">Khentii</a> mountains to the north.<sup id="cite_ref-Zhang_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">plateau</a> includes the <a href="/wiki/Gobi_Desert" title="Gobi Desert">Gobi Desert</a> as well as dry steppe regions. It has an elevation of roughly 1,000 to 1,500 meters (3,300 to 4,900 ft), with the lowest point in <a href="/wiki/Hulunbuir" title="Hulunbuir">Hulunbuir</a> and the highest point in the Altai.<sup id="cite_ref-Zhang_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Politically, the plateau spans all of <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>, along with parts of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a> and parts of the <a href="/wiki/Dzungarian_basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Dzungarian basin">Dzungarian basin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> encompass the Chinese portion of the plateau. In Russia, the plateau forms <a href="/wiki/Transbaikal" title="Transbaikal">Transbaikal</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia">Buryatia</a>, and the southern <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk Oblast</a>. The Mongolian Plateau comprises the majority of the area known as the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_heartland" title="Mongol heartland">Mongol heartland</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fall_Nature_in_Mongolia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Fall_Nature_in_Mongolia.jpg/220px-Fall_Nature_in_Mongolia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Fall_Nature_in_Mongolia.jpg/330px-Fall_Nature_in_Mongolia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Fall_Nature_in_Mongolia.jpg/440px-Fall_Nature_in_Mongolia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1361" /></a><figcaption>River in the Mongolian Plateau, northern Mongolia</figcaption></figure> <p>The average elevation of the Mongolian Plateau ranges from 915 to 1,525 meters (3,002 to 5,003 ft) above <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highest point in the plateau is found in <a href="/wiki/Tavan_Bogd" title="Tavan Bogd">Tavan Bogd</a> at 4,374 meters (14,350 ft) above sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ecology of Mongolia is complex, having varying regions of <a href="/wiki/Highland_and_lowland" class="mw-redirect" title="Highland and lowland">highland and lowland</a> areas. Grazing species such as <a href="/wiki/Yak" title="Yak">yaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Przewalski%27s_horse" title="Przewalski's horse">Przewalski's horses</a>, domesticated <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saiga_antelope" title="Saiga antelope">saiga antelope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siberian_ibex" title="Siberian ibex">Siberian ibex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Argali" title="Argali">Argali</a> are common. <a href="/wiki/Predator" class="mw-redirect" title="Predator">Predator</a> species include the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_lynx" title="Eurasian lynx">Eurasian lynx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snow_leopard" title="Snow leopard">snow leopards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corsac_fox" title="Corsac fox">Corsac foxs</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Carnivorous_bird" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnivorous bird">carnivorous birds</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Bearded_vulture" title="Bearded vulture">bearded vulture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saker_falcon" title="Saker falcon">saker falcon</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Cinereous_vulture" title="Cinereous vulture">cinereous vulture</a>. <a href="/wiki/Marmots" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmots">Marmots</a> are common throughout the region including the <a href="/wiki/Tarbagan_marmot" title="Tarbagan marmot">Tarbagan marmot</a> with large parts of its range located in the Mongolian plateau.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The plateau was inhabited and conquered by various groups, including (chronologically) the <a href="/wiki/Xiongnu" title="Xiongnu">Xiongnu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xianbei" title="Xianbei">Xianbei</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrks" title="Göktürks">Göktürks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Yuan_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Yuan dynasty">Northern Yuan dynasty</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Changing_environment">Changing environment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Changing environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between 1980 and 2010, rising global temperatures and direct human activity (particularly the use of lake water for mining and agriculture) have contributed to a significant loss of lake surface area across the Plateau. <a href="/wiki/Chagan_Lake_(China)" title="Chagan Lake (China)">Qagaan Nurr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Khanka" title="Lake Khanka">XinKai Lake</a> have shrunk by two-thirds of their surface area during that time, while others (including <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huangqi" title="Lake Huangqi">Huangqihai Lake</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naiman_Xihu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naiman Xihu (page does not exist)">Naiman Xihu</a>) have dried up entirely. Some exceptions, such as <a href="/wiki/Juyan_Lake_Basin" title="Juyan Lake Basin">East Juyan Lake</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Had_Paozi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Had Paozi (page does not exist)">Had Paozi</a>, have grown, but overall the average total surface area of lakes in the region has shrunk by 30%.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The region also suffers from a high rate of <a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">desertification</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lop_Nur" title="Lop Nur">Lop Nur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Siberian_Mountains" title="South Siberian Mountains">South Siberian Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taklamakan_Desert" title="Taklamakan Desert">Taklamakan Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarim_Basin" title="Tarim Basin">Tarim Basin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Zhang-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zhang_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zhang_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZhangHuZhuangQi2009" class="citation journal cs1">Zhang, Xueyan; Hu, Yunfeng; Zhuang, Dafang; Qi, Yongqing; Ma, Xin (2009). "NDVI spatial pattern and its differentiation on the Mongolian Plateau". <i>Journal of Geographical Sciences</i>. <b>19</b> (4). Springer-Verlag: 405. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009JGSci..19..403Z">2009JGSci..19..403Z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11442-009-0403-7">10.1007/s11442-009-0403-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geographical+Sciences&rft.atitle=NDVI+spatial+pattern+and+its+differentiation+on+the+Mongolian+Plateau&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=405&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11442-009-0403-7&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009JGSci..19..403Z&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Xueyan&rft.au=Hu%2C+Yunfeng&rft.au=Zhuang%2C+Dafang&rft.au=Qi%2C+Yongqing&rft.au=Ma%2C+Xin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+Plateau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Mongolian-Plateau">"Mongolian Plateau | Map, Location, & Facts | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Mongolian+Plateau+%26%23124%3B+Map%2C+Location%2C+%26+Facts+%26%23124%3B+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FMongolian-Plateau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+Plateau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCentre" class="citation web cs1">Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5955/">"Highlands of Mongol Altai"</a>. <i>UNESCO World Heritage Centre</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft.atitle=Highlands+of+Mongol+Altai&rft.aulast=Centre&rft.aufirst=UNESCO+World+Heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Ftentativelists%2F5955%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+Plateau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnit" class="citation web cs1">Unit, Biosafety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbd.int/countries/profile?country=mn">"Main Details"</a>. <i>www.cbd.int</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cbd.int&rft.atitle=Main+Details&rft.aulast=Unit&rft.aufirst=Biosafety&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbd.int%2Fcountries%2Fprofile%3Fcountry%3Dmn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+Plateau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=85665">"Shrinking Lakes on the Mongolian Plateau"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. 8 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Dai, Han; Gu, Zhaolin (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8302971">"Sandstorms and desertification in Mongolia, an example of future climate events: a review"</a>. <i>Environmental Chemistry Letters</i>. <b>19</b> (6): 4063–4073. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021EnvCL..19.4063H">2021EnvCL..19.4063H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10311-021-01285-w">10.1007/s10311-021-01285-w</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8302971">8302971</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34335128">34335128</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Chemistry+Letters&rft.atitle=Sandstorms+and+desertification+in+Mongolia%2C+an+example+of+future+climate+events%3A+a+review&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=4063-4073&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8302971%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34335128&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10311-021-01285-w&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2021EnvCL..19.4063H&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.au=Dai%2C+Han&rft.au=Gu%2C+Zhaolin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8302971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+Plateau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn2013" class="citation journal cs1">John, Ranjeet; et al. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F3%2F035033">"Vegetation response to extreme climate events on the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2010"</a>. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. <b>8</b> (3). IOP Publishing: 035033. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013ERL.....8c5033J">2013ERL.....8c5033J</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F3%2F035033">10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035033</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Vegetation+response+to+extreme+climate+events+on+the+Mongolian+Plateau+from+2000+to+2010&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=035033&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F3%2F035033&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013ERL.....8c5033J&rft.aulast=John&rft.aufirst=Ranjeet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1088%252F1748-9326%252F8%252F3%252F035033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+Plateau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Mongolian-Plateau">"Mongolian Plateau region, Mongolia and China"</a>. <i>Britannica.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. 2 August 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britannica.com&rft.atitle=Mongolian+Plateau+region%2C+Mongolia+and+China&rft.date=1999-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FMongolian-Plateau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+Plateau" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Plateaus_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Plateaus_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Plateaus of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Plateaus_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Plateaus_of_China" title="Category:Plateaus of China">Plateaus of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loess_Plateau" title="Loess Plateau">Loess Plateau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hetao" title="Hetao">Hetao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhang_Plains" title="Wuzhang Plains">Wuzhang Plains</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mongolian Plateau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bashang_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Bashang Plateau">Bashang Plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Plateau" title="Tibetan Plateau">Tibetan Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunnan-Guizhou_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau">Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mongolian_Plateau&params=45_N_110_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°N</span> <span class="longitude">110°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45°N 110°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45; 110</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&oldid=1259355412">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_Plateau&oldid=1259355412</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Plateaus_of_China" title="Category:Plateaus of China">Plateaus of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Landforms_of_Mongolia" title="Category:Landforms of 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