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class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Jennifer Penberthy" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/9812628/3061980/3600712/s200_jennifer.penberthy.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Jennifer Penberthy</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://virginia.academia.edu/">University of Virginia</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://virginia.academia.edu/Departments/Psychiatry_and_Neurobehavioral_Sciences/Documents">Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Jennifer" data-follow-user-id="9812628" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="9812628"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">36</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">14</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">2</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;"><b>Address: </b>Richmond, Virginia, United States<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9812628">View All (17)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9812628" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smoking_and_Drug_Rehabilitation"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy","location":"/JenniferPenberthy","scheme":"https","host":"virginia.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/JenniferPenberthy","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div 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class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Jennifer Penberthy</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98840437"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840437/Method_apparatus_and_computer_program_product_for_stochastic_psycho_physiological_assessment_of_attentional_impairments"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Method, apparatus, and computer program product for stochastic psycho-physiological assessment of attentional impairments" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98840434"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840434/Autorinnen_und_Autoren"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Autorinnen und Autoren" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840434/Autorinnen_und_Autoren">Autorinnen und Autoren</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Maske und Kothurn</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98840434"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98840434"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98840434; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98840433"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840433/Pharmacogenetic_Approach_at_the_Serotonin_Transporter_Gene_as_a_Method_of_Reducing_the_Severity_of_Alcohol_Drinking"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacogenetic Approach at the Serotonin Transporter Gene as a Method of Reducing the Severity of Alcohol Drinking" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100083381/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840433/Pharmacogenetic_Approach_at_the_Serotonin_Transporter_Gene_as_a_Method_of_Reducing_the_Severity_of_Alcohol_Drinking">Pharmacogenetic Approach at the Serotonin Transporter Gene as a Method of Reducing the Severity of Alcohol Drinking</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Psychiatry</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective-Severe alcohol consumption can cause serious morbidity and death. Because the serotonin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective-Severe alcohol consumption can cause serious morbidity and death. Because the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is an important regulator of neuronal 5-HT function, allelic differences at that gene may modulate the severity of alcohol consumption and predict therapeutic response to the 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron. Method-We randomized 283 alcoholics by genotype in the 5′-regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene (LL/LS/SS), with additional genotyping for another functional single nucleotide polymorphism (T/G), rs1042173, in the 3′-untranslated region, in a controlled double-blind trial. Subjects received ondansetron (4 μg/kg twice daily) or placebo for 11 weeks, plus standardized cognitive behavioral therapy. Results-LL subjects who received ondansetron vs. placebo had fewer mean drinks per drinking day (DDD) and a higher percentage of days abstinent (PDA) (−1.62; p=0.007 and 11.27%; p=0.023). Within ondansetron recipients, DDD was lower and PDA higher in LL vs. LS/SS subjects (−1.53; p=0.005 and 9.73%; p=0.03). Ondansetron LL subjects also had fewer DDD and greater PDA than all other genotype and treatment groups combined (−1.45; p=0.002 and 9.65%; p=0.013). For both DDD and PDA, 5′-HTTLPR and rs1042173 variants interacted significantly (p=0.023 and 0.009). Ondansetron LL/TT had fewer DDD and a greater PDA than all other genotype and treatment groups combined (−2.63; p<0.0001 and 16.99%; p=0.002).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="74e10d1d0655787139ffb05c68069e6b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100083381,"asset_id":98840433,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100083381/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98840433"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98840433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98840433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98840433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98840433]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98840433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98840433']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 98840433, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "74e10d1d0655787139ffb05c68069e6b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98840433]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98840433,"title":"Pharmacogenetic Approach at the Serotonin Transporter Gene as a Method of Reducing the Severity of Alcohol Drinking","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"American Psychiatric Association Publishing","grobid_abstract":"Objective-Severe alcohol consumption can cause serious morbidity and death. Because the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is an important regulator of neuronal 5-HT function, allelic differences at that gene may modulate the severity of alcohol consumption and predict therapeutic response to the 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron. Method-We randomized 283 alcoholics by genotype in the 5′-regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene (LL/LS/SS), with additional genotyping for another functional single nucleotide polymorphism (T/G), rs1042173, in the 3′-untranslated region, in a controlled double-blind trial. Subjects received ondansetron (4 μg/kg twice daily) or placebo for 11 weeks, plus standardized cognitive behavioral therapy. Results-LL subjects who received ondansetron vs. placebo had fewer mean drinks per drinking day (DDD) and a higher percentage of days abstinent (PDA) (−1.62; p=0.007 and 11.27%; p=0.023). Within ondansetron recipients, DDD was lower and PDA higher in LL vs. LS/SS subjects (−1.53; p=0.005 and 9.73%; p=0.03). 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98839864"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/98839864/Interpersonal_Circumplex_Profiles_Of_Persistent_Depression_Goals_Self_Efficacy_Problems_And_Effects_Of_Group_Therapy"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interpersonal Circumplex Profiles Of Persistent Depression: Goals, Self-Efficacy, Problems, And Effects Of Group Therapy" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100083033/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/98839864/Interpersonal_Circumplex_Profiles_Of_Persistent_Depression_Goals_Self_Efficacy_Problems_And_Effects_Of_Group_Therapy">Interpersonal Circumplex Profiles Of Persistent Depression: Goals, Self-Efficacy, Problems, And Effects Of Group Therapy</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of clinical psychology</span><span>, Jan 8, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We assessed severely and persistently depressed patients&#39; interpersonal self-efficacy, proble...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We assessed severely and persistently depressed patients&#39; interpersonal self-efficacy, problems, and goals, plus changes in interpersonal functioning and depression during 20 weeks of group therapy. Outpatients (32 female, 26 male, mean age = 45 years) completed interpersonal circumplex measures of goals, efficacy, and problems before completing 20 weeks of manualized group therapy, during which we regularly assessed depression and interpersonal style. Compared to normative samples, patients lacked interpersonal agency, including less self-efficacy for expressive/assertive actions; stronger motives to avoid conflict, scorn, and humiliation; and more problems with being too submissive, inhibited, and accommodating. Behavioral Activation and especially Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy interventions produced improvements in depression and interpersonal agency, with increases in &quot;agentic and communal&quot; efficacy predicting subsequent decreases in depress...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="840adebc2281f79f0fc83b05ab074a7d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100083033,"asset_id":98839864,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100083033/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98839864"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98839864"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98839864; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98839864]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98839864]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98839864; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98839864']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 98839864, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "840adebc2281f79f0fc83b05ab074a7d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98839864]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98839864,"title":"Interpersonal Circumplex Profiles Of Persistent Depression: Goals, Self-Efficacy, Problems, And Effects Of Group Therapy","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We assessed severely and persistently depressed patients\u0026#39; interpersonal self-efficacy, problems, and goals, plus changes in interpersonal functioning and depression during 20 weeks of group therapy. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714050"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714050/Can_Neutrophil_lymphocyte_Ratio_Be_a_Useful_Criterion_for_Neuroleptic_Malignant_Syndrome_in_the_Absence_of_Leukocytosis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Can Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Be a Useful Criterion for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in the Absence of Leukocytosis?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714050/Can_Neutrophil_lymphocyte_Ratio_Be_a_Useful_Criterion_for_Neuroleptic_Malignant_Syndrome_in_the_Absence_of_Leukocytosis">Can Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Be a Useful Criterion for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in the Absence of Leukocytosis?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Iranian Journal of Psychiatry</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but severe side effect of antipsychotic...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but severe side effect of antipsychotic medication. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker used to measure systemic inflammation. Method: In this case report we explore the relationship of inflammation in the etiology of NMS. In our case involving NMS, although there was no leukocytosis, the NLR was increased up to systemic infection levels. Conclusion: We hypothesized that systemic inflammation may take a role in developing NMS. 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This research presents on a subset of data from a recent large international survey of individuals who experienced ADCs and provided systematic information regarding these experiences. In our research we explore the impact of having an ADC on reported spirituality, religiosity, beliefs and attitudes about death and dying and also explore the moderating factors of this impact. We found that having an ADC was perceived as a positive life experience and that it was associated with a reduction in fear of death, belief in life after death and that the deceased could communicate with the living, and increased reported spirituality. Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. 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Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. Future directions for research exploration are also provided based on our findings.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714049/Factors_Moderating_the_Impact_of_After_Death_Communications_on_Beliefs_and_Spirituality","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.363-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Factors_Moderating_the_Impact_of_After_Death_Communications_on_Beliefs_and_Spirituality","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living individuals by the deceased. 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Much has been accomplished. In fact, our current differential diagnostic capabilities have surpassed our knowledge of how to treat the chronic depressions. It is hoped that in the next decade there will be notable increases in the treatment efficacy literature of the chronic mild depressions. Next, we suggest that practitioners assist academic investigators in determining the best way to treat the chronic depressions. To realize this goal, clinicians must begin to view themselves as part-time researchers. Several technological procedures have been described to facilitate this undertaking. 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Several technological procedures have been described to facilitate this undertaking. We suggest that the assumption of such a research practitioner role will, in the long run, improve the quality of patient care.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714048/Differential_Diagnosis_of_Chronic_Depressive_Disorders","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.255-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Differential_Diagnosis_of_Chronic_Depressive_Disorders","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This article has traced the development of the diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic affective disorders during the past four decades. Much has been accomplished. In fact, our current differential diagnostic capabilities have surpassed our knowledge of how to treat the chronic depressions. It is hoped that in the next decade there will be notable increases in the treatment efficacy literature of the chronic mild depressions. Next, we suggest that practitioners assist academic investigators in determining the best way to treat the chronic depressions. To realize this goal, clinicians must begin to view themselves as part-time researchers. Several technological procedures have been described to facilitate this undertaking. We suggest that the assumption of such a research practitioner role will, in the long run, improve the quality of patient care.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics"},{"id":3217,"name":"Depression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depression"},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":97269,"name":"Chronic Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Disease"},{"id":157943,"name":"Depressive Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depressive_Disorder"},{"id":162159,"name":"Differential Diagnosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Diagnosis"},{"id":395473,"name":"Patient Care Team","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Care_Team"},{"id":1218490,"name":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Clinics_of_North_America"},{"id":2467529,"name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Status_Rating_Scales"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714047"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714047/Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Precipitants of Constipation During Early Childhood" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764959/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714047/Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood">Precipitants of Constipation During Early Childhood</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric clinics and 30% of visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood constipation vary from 0.3% to 28% with younger children being affected most often. We were unable to find any studies that specifically examine the causes of constipation in young children. Our objective of the study was to determine precipitants to constipation during early childhood. Methods: Findings from 125 families visiting their primary care physician for the first time with a child aged between 2 and 7 years with the complaint of constipation were compared with findings from 95 children between 2 and 7 years without any history of constipation. Parents answered questions concerning family history, toilet training, and bowel habits. Parents of constipated children were asked to describe events that occurred during the 3 months before the onset of constipation and whether these events contributed to the child's constipation Results: The age and sex of children who did and did not suffer from constipation were comparable (P > .3). When compared with control children, constipated children were no more likely to have a parent (30% vs 40%, P ‫؍‬ .14) or sibling (17% vs 14%, P ‫؍‬ .54) with a history of constipation. Constipated children did not begin toilet training earlier than did control children (28 ؎ 7 vs 27 ؎ 6 months, P ‫؍‬ .30). When compared with parents of control children, parents of constipated children reported more difficulties with toilet training (P < .001). Parents of constipated children indicated their children had more difficult and more painful defecation experiences than did parents of control children (P < .001), and constipated children were more likely to express worry about future painful defecation than were control children (P < .001). Parents of constipated children described a number of events that occurred before the onset of constipation; however, they did not consider many of the events important contributors to the constipation. Painful defecation was the event most often reported as causing the constipation. Conclusion: Painful defecation is the primary precipitant of constipation during early childhood. Parents should be counseled to be attentive to such experiences and taught to intervene quickly to lessen the risk that their child will develop persistent constipation or fecal soiling.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="eec5dfc8c0e78ec76a9d612d68340b94" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82764959,"asset_id":74714047,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764959/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714047"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714047"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714047; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714047]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714047]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714047; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714047']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714047, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "eec5dfc8c0e78ec76a9d612d68340b94" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714047]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714047,"title":"Precipitants of Constipation During Early Childhood","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM)","grobid_abstract":"Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric clinics and 30% of visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood constipation vary from 0.3% to 28% with younger children being affected most often. We were unable to find any studies that specifically examine the causes of constipation in young children. Our objective of the study was to determine precipitants to constipation during early childhood. Methods: Findings from 125 families visiting their primary care physician for the first time with a child aged between 2 and 7 years with the complaint of constipation were compared with findings from 95 children between 2 and 7 years without any history of constipation. Parents answered questions concerning family history, toilet training, and bowel habits. Parents of constipated children were asked to describe events that occurred during the 3 months before the onset of constipation and whether these events contributed to the child's constipation Results: The age and sex of children who did and did not suffer from constipation were comparable (P \u003e .3). When compared with control children, constipated children were no more likely to have a parent (30% vs 40%, P ‫؍‬ .14) or sibling (17% vs 14%, P ‫؍‬ .54) with a history of constipation. Constipated children did not begin toilet training earlier than did control children (28 ؎ 7 vs 27 ؎ 6 months, P ‫؍‬ .30). When compared with parents of control children, parents of constipated children reported more difficulties with toilet training (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children indicated their children had more difficult and more painful defecation experiences than did parents of control children (P \u003c .001), and constipated children were more likely to express worry about future painful defecation than were control children (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children described a number of events that occurred before the onset of constipation; however, they did not consider many of the events important contributors to the constipation. Painful defecation was the event most often reported as causing the constipation. Conclusion: Painful defecation is the primary precipitant of constipation during early childhood. Parents should be counseled to be attentive to such experiences and taught to intervene quickly to lessen the risk that their child will develop persistent constipation or fecal soiling.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":82764959},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714047/Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.129-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82764959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"213.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764959/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764959/213-libre.pdf?1648408256=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPrecipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=Unnc~R0ENUbCMTzlV1uyC7RF5dnWo9wsVXANdySs3GB2zDfZBnUdeSQhC4P2020LpEH7O0yKrkvoPO66Hkpf8bMHIGZwhD-WXyYmveOt7f-2G0uzcPx~sTaerkRwzN~RTz3GxrEAm2AgpsPnXITKeIfL65i8ziCEYDwy9flLfmQQB7vgX1ArprOtRWXQq-dsHh0s7ltlnO~D2h7GpQ0FTUwRkXCERJfjvJ~5TmxuYT4VVcq1DUTUDnaxvavY9hTmaJlkzQhscS8VGGvCvw8d~KdOO-yu0sdSeklvMiIo1W2l3e5Ac47S-1cuVuQ6jRVJ7FhuPWNw12-RbNi5XLCkQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric clinics and 30% of visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood constipation vary from 0.3% to 28% with younger children being affected most often. We were unable to find any studies that specifically examine the causes of constipation in young children. Our objective of the study was to determine precipitants to constipation during early childhood. Methods: Findings from 125 families visiting their primary care physician for the first time with a child aged between 2 and 7 years with the complaint of constipation were compared with findings from 95 children between 2 and 7 years without any history of constipation. Parents answered questions concerning family history, toilet training, and bowel habits. Parents of constipated children were asked to describe events that occurred during the 3 months before the onset of constipation and whether these events contributed to the child's constipation Results: The age and sex of children who did and did not suffer from constipation were comparable (P \u003e .3). When compared with control children, constipated children were no more likely to have a parent (30% vs 40%, P ‫؍‬ .14) or sibling (17% vs 14%, P ‫؍‬ .54) with a history of constipation. Constipated children did not begin toilet training earlier than did control children (28 ؎ 7 vs 27 ؎ 6 months, P ‫؍‬ .30). When compared with parents of control children, parents of constipated children reported more difficulties with toilet training (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children indicated their children had more difficult and more painful defecation experiences than did parents of control children (P \u003c .001), and constipated children were more likely to express worry about future painful defecation than were control children (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children described a number of events that occurred before the onset of constipation; however, they did not consider many of the events important contributors to the constipation. Painful defecation was the event most often reported as causing the constipation. Conclusion: Painful defecation is the primary precipitant of constipation during early childhood. Parents should be counseled to be attentive to such experiences and taught to intervene quickly to lessen the risk that their child will develop persistent constipation or fecal soiling.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[{"id":82764959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"213.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764959/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764959/213-libre.pdf?1648408256=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPrecipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=Unnc~R0ENUbCMTzlV1uyC7RF5dnWo9wsVXANdySs3GB2zDfZBnUdeSQhC4P2020LpEH7O0yKrkvoPO66Hkpf8bMHIGZwhD-WXyYmveOt7f-2G0uzcPx~sTaerkRwzN~RTz3GxrEAm2AgpsPnXITKeIfL65i8ziCEYDwy9flLfmQQB7vgX1ArprOtRWXQq-dsHh0s7ltlnO~D2h7GpQ0FTUwRkXCERJfjvJ~5TmxuYT4VVcq1DUTUDnaxvavY9hTmaJlkzQhscS8VGGvCvw8d~KdOO-yu0sdSeklvMiIo1W2l3e5Ac47S-1cuVuQ6jRVJ7FhuPWNw12-RbNi5XLCkQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2898,"name":"Pain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pain"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":30140,"name":"Early Childhood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Childhood"},{"id":32159,"name":"Family history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_history"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child"},{"id":89021,"name":"Constipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constipation"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":538047,"name":"Young Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Children"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1"},{"id":852298,"name":"Toilet Training for Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toilet_Training_for_Children"},{"id":2129289,"name":"The The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_The"},{"id":2489700,"name":"Child preschool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_preschool"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714046"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714046/S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of S44-04 - Cbasp for chronic depression: impact of co-morbidities and learning acquisition" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714046/S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition">S44-04 - Cbasp for chronic depression: impact of co-morbidities and learning acquisition</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Psychiatry</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714046"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714046"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714046; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714046]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714046]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714046; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714046']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714046, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714046]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714046,"title":"S44-04 - Cbasp for chronic depression: impact of co-morbidities and learning acquisition","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"European Psychiatry"},"translated_abstract":"Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714046/S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.020-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3454899,"name":"european psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/european_psychiatry"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714045"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714045/Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Diabetes and Driving Mishaps: Frequency and correlations from a multinational survey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83641348/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714045/Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey">Diabetes and Driving Mishaps: Frequency and correlations from a multinational survey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Diabetes Care</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a0fa0f65ffa00e6527da0087400ecafb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83641348,"asset_id":74714045,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83641348/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714045"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714045"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714045; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714045]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714045]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714045; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714045']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714045, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a0fa0f65ffa00e6527da0087400ecafb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714045]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714045,"title":"Diabetes and Driving Mishaps: Frequency and correlations from a multinational survey","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...","publisher":"American Diabetes Association","ai_title_tag":"Diabetes Increases Driving Mishaps: A Multinational Survey","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Diabetes Care"},"translated_abstract":"OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714045/Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:47.904-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83641348,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83641348/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83641348/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83641348/Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf?1649563335=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=G7PFXPMfYcsZXne5KdfJ4CkqDD4TRm6gHK9SlAhGEdpqwQ2Ewpd0WewQDyQKAcoRpJO9lpsscqU2ZC71qO-wPss85ISe0jzWwosC5hXSlpCqO~830UoUy-2q7N0fnfhDJeSxTRf~xJ607tROtVq3TrVS~R3SOpYCdykKUvWK0cj3NtImI-LHKKrCGY3wl-P-~tXLcMWlD6TD3Yqij4tU6KKvHqM30~JLfp7BP4BQ~Q9LT-QDW1tbXzG3S5aFPvxjPVEIGuTRIq0B7g4sHQHGNZqRGOX2CSqgerEwMomTOycXSC7KFQl5ax8mktyP-yp1GGmWgrMSzswG-j7ylY8mNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[{"id":83641348,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83641348/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83641348/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83641348/Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf?1649563335=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=G7PFXPMfYcsZXne5KdfJ4CkqDD4TRm6gHK9SlAhGEdpqwQ2Ewpd0WewQDyQKAcoRpJO9lpsscqU2ZC71qO-wPss85ISe0jzWwosC5hXSlpCqO~830UoUy-2q7N0fnfhDJeSxTRf~xJ607tROtVq3TrVS~R3SOpYCdykKUvWK0cj3NtImI-LHKKrCGY3wl-P-~tXLcMWlD6TD3Yqij4tU6KKvHqM30~JLfp7BP4BQ~Q9LT-QDW1tbXzG3S5aFPvxjPVEIGuTRIq0B7g4sHQHGNZqRGOX2CSqgerEwMomTOycXSC7KFQl5ax8mktyP-yp1GGmWgrMSzswG-j7ylY8mNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":75826,"name":"Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Europe"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States"},{"id":174502,"name":"Incidence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incidence"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies"},{"id":915951,"name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies"},{"id":1426858,"name":"Diabetes Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetes_Care"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":4002452,"name":"Accidents Traffic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accidents_Traffic"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714044"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714044/Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy and Brief Supportive Psychotherapy for Augmentation of Antidepressant Nonresponse in Chronic Depression<subtitle>The REVAMP Trial</subtitle><alt-title>Augmentation With CBASP and BSP for Depression</alt-title>" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764970/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714044/Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_">Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy and Brief Supportive Psychotherapy for Augmentation of Antidepressant Nonresponse in Chronic Depression<subtitle>The REVAMP Trial</subtitle><alt-title>Augmentation With CBASP and BSP for Depression</alt-title></a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Archives of General Psychiatry</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant med...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant medications alone. Objective: To determine the role of adjunctive psychotherapy in the treatment of chronically depressed patients with less than complete response to an initial medication trial. Design: This trial compared 12 weeks of (1) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP), (2) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP), and (3) continued optimized pharmacotherapy (MEDS) alone. We hypothesized that adding CBASP would produce higher rates of response and remission than adding BSP or continuing MEDS alone. Setting: Eight academic sites. Participants: Chronically depressed patients with a current DSM-IV-defined major depressive episode and persistent depressive symptoms for more than 2 years. Interventions: Phase 1 consisted of open-label, algorithm-guided treatment for 12 weeks based on a history of antidepressant response. Patients not achieving remission received next-step pharmacotherapy options with or without adjunctive psychotherapy (phase 2). Individuals undergoing psychotherapy were randomized to receive either CBASP or BSP stratified by phase 1 response, ie, as nonresponders (NRs) or partial responders (PRs). Main Outcome Measures: Proportions of remitters, PRs, and NRs and change on Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAM-D) scores. Results: In all, 808 participants entered phase 1, of which 491 were classified as NRs or PRs and entered phase 2 (200 received CBASP and MEDS, 195 received BSP and MEDS, and 96 received MEDS only). Mean HAM-D scores dropped from 25.9 to 17.7 in NRs and from 15.2 to 9.9 in PRs. No statistically significant differences emerged among the 3 treatment groups in the proportions of phase 2 remission (15.0%), partial response (22.5%), and nonresponse (62.5%) or in changes on HAM-D scores. Conclusions: Although 37.5% of the participants experienced partial response or remitted in phase 2, neither form of adjunctive psychotherapy significantly improved outcomes over that of a flexible, individualized pharmacotherapy regimen alone. A longitudinal assessment of later-emerging benefits is ongoing.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="08db83447afaaf1d307dfb4965f2dbfa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82764970,"asset_id":74714044,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764970/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714044"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714044"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714044; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714044]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714044]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714044; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714044']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714044, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "08db83447afaaf1d307dfb4965f2dbfa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714044]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714044,"title":"Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy and Brief Supportive Psychotherapy for Augmentation of Antidepressant Nonresponse in Chronic Depression\u003csubtitle\u003eThe REVAMP Trial\u003c/subtitle\u003e\u003calt-title\u003eAugmentation With CBASP and BSP for Depression\u003c/alt-title\u003e","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","grobid_abstract":"Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant medications alone. Objective: To determine the role of adjunctive psychotherapy in the treatment of chronically depressed patients with less than complete response to an initial medication trial. Design: This trial compared 12 weeks of (1) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP), (2) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP), and (3) continued optimized pharmacotherapy (MEDS) alone. We hypothesized that adding CBASP would produce higher rates of response and remission than adding BSP or continuing MEDS alone. Setting: Eight academic sites. Participants: Chronically depressed patients with a current DSM-IV-defined major depressive episode and persistent depressive symptoms for more than 2 years. Interventions: Phase 1 consisted of open-label, algorithm-guided treatment for 12 weeks based on a history of antidepressant response. Patients not achieving remission received next-step pharmacotherapy options with or without adjunctive psychotherapy (phase 2). Individuals undergoing psychotherapy were randomized to receive either CBASP or BSP stratified by phase 1 response, ie, as nonresponders (NRs) or partial responders (PRs). Main Outcome Measures: Proportions of remitters, PRs, and NRs and change on Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAM-D) scores. Results: In all, 808 participants entered phase 1, of which 491 were classified as NRs or PRs and entered phase 2 (200 received CBASP and MEDS, 195 received BSP and MEDS, and 96 received MEDS only). Mean HAM-D scores dropped from 25.9 to 17.7 in NRs and from 15.2 to 9.9 in PRs. No statistically significant differences emerged among the 3 treatment groups in the proportions of phase 2 remission (15.0%), partial response (22.5%), and nonresponse (62.5%) or in changes on HAM-D scores. Conclusions: Although 37.5% of the participants experienced partial response or remitted in phase 2, neither form of adjunctive psychotherapy significantly improved outcomes over that of a flexible, individualized pharmacotherapy regimen alone. A longitudinal assessment of later-emerging benefits is ongoing.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2009,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":82764970},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714044/Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:47.779-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82764970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764970/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764970/yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf?1648407011=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=U9NTKaqp~KyQ8WCcHnDxt8jCrjiI5TsllASALZmm~c6aJv7~y8b~dBDZeRIh~ASuhcUqMhCIjGJNoz4hLKJSbVE5J6Ub0dWUHth8Q-14b9es39K~iM78WnYFE9dbINJycVPok9tP4OZv-KL6eCaJ2GokZHXKlBJ~pv9dxxEef2Z4EvwyXw6PSCHfiMI2YfKmfabfV~DkXWrqTvtGXGwJF5EfK6IAs509H6pS8QRjGXN668sZXC3FZczc5EmmZhR2q-LV~kI~u-I9pJaD73sGfAxjOKN9T1XdG3yfWJm~RUQqg5aAYxsx0uw-4YzpzRkyBMxIyZbxoYBrU8xd5cxf5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant medications alone. Objective: To determine the role of adjunctive psychotherapy in the treatment of chronically depressed patients with less than complete response to an initial medication trial. Design: This trial compared 12 weeks of (1) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP), (2) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP), and (3) continued optimized pharmacotherapy (MEDS) alone. We hypothesized that adding CBASP would produce higher rates of response and remission than adding BSP or continuing MEDS alone. Setting: Eight academic sites. Participants: Chronically depressed patients with a current DSM-IV-defined major depressive episode and persistent depressive symptoms for more than 2 years. Interventions: Phase 1 consisted of open-label, algorithm-guided treatment for 12 weeks based on a history of antidepressant response. Patients not achieving remission received next-step pharmacotherapy options with or without adjunctive psychotherapy (phase 2). Individuals undergoing psychotherapy were randomized to receive either CBASP or BSP stratified by phase 1 response, ie, as nonresponders (NRs) or partial responders (PRs). Main Outcome Measures: Proportions of remitters, PRs, and NRs and change on Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAM-D) scores. Results: In all, 808 participants entered phase 1, of which 491 were classified as NRs or PRs and entered phase 2 (200 received CBASP and MEDS, 195 received BSP and MEDS, and 96 received MEDS only). Mean HAM-D scores dropped from 25.9 to 17.7 in NRs and from 15.2 to 9.9 in PRs. No statistically significant differences emerged among the 3 treatment groups in the proportions of phase 2 remission (15.0%), partial response (22.5%), and nonresponse (62.5%) or in changes on HAM-D scores. Conclusions: Although 37.5% of the participants experienced partial response or remitted in phase 2, neither form of adjunctive psychotherapy significantly improved outcomes over that of a flexible, individualized pharmacotherapy regimen alone. A longitudinal assessment of later-emerging benefits is ongoing.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[{"id":82764970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764970/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764970/yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf?1648407011=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=U9NTKaqp~KyQ8WCcHnDxt8jCrjiI5TsllASALZmm~c6aJv7~y8b~dBDZeRIh~ASuhcUqMhCIjGJNoz4hLKJSbVE5J6Ub0dWUHth8Q-14b9es39K~iM78WnYFE9dbINJycVPok9tP4OZv-KL6eCaJ2GokZHXKlBJ~pv9dxxEef2Z4EvwyXw6PSCHfiMI2YfKmfabfV~DkXWrqTvtGXGwJF5EfK6IAs509H6pS8QRjGXN668sZXC3FZczc5EmmZhR2q-LV~kI~u-I9pJaD73sGfAxjOKN9T1XdG3yfWJm~RUQqg5aAYxsx0uw-4YzpzRkyBMxIyZbxoYBrU8xd5cxf5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3217,"name":"Depression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depression"},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment"},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome"},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent"},{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study"},{"id":77794,"name":"Major Depressive Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Depressive_Disorder"},{"id":97269,"name":"Chronic Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Disease"},{"id":101797,"name":"Cognitive Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Therapy"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged"},{"id":1218481,"name":"Archives General Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archives_General_Psychiatry"},{"id":2463779,"name":"Combined Modality Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combined_Modality_Therapy"},{"id":2467529,"name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Status_Rating_Scales"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":3988408,"name":"Antidepressive agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antidepressive_agents"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714043"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714043/Impact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinking_Outcomes_in_Pharmacobehavioral_Treatment_for_Alcohol_Dependence"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Motivational Changes on Drinking Outcomes in Pharmacobehavioral Treatment for Alcohol Dependence" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764964/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714043/Impact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinking_Outcomes_in_Pharmacobehavioral_Treatment_for_Alcohol_Dependence">Impact of Motivational Changes on Drinking Outcomes in Pharmacobehavioral Treatment for Alcohol Dependence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Psychological factors such as motivation to change and self-efficacy influence drinki...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Psychological factors such as motivation to change and self-efficacy influence drinking outcomes in alcohol-dependent individuals who are enrolled in pharmacobehavioral studies. Previous results from our research clinic indicated that initial stage of change of heavy drinkers enrolled in a pharmacobehavioral trial was significantly associated with alcohol consumption. However, overall empirical findings regarding the consistency and extent of the connection between motivational factors and behavior are mixed. This may be in part because of the impact of changes in motivation over the course of treatment and ⁄ or characteristics of the individuals receiving the intervention. Our goal in the present study was to examine the extent to which levels of motivation and self-efficacy changed during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral treatment trial, and the extent to which these variables affected drinking behavior in subsets of alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods: We conducted an exploratory evaluation of changes in motivation, temptation to drink, confidence to abstain, and drinking behavior over time during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral study involving 321 alcohol-dependent individuals. We also examined the extent to which individual variables such as initial drinking severity, onset of alcohol dependence, and medication status influenced changes in motivation, self-efficacy, and drinking behavior. Results: Participants reported improvements in motivation to change, self-efficacy for change, and drinking behaviors over the course of treatment. As hypothesized, motivation to change and self-efficacy for change were related to specific dimensions of posttreatment drinking. Heavy drinkers reported more improvement in drinking behaviors than did nonheavy drinkers. Earlyonset drinkers who were on medication reduced their drinking more than those on placebo, and these drinking changes appear to be partially mediated by reductions in temptation. Conclusions: Reductions in drinking occur and are predicted by increased motivation to change, reduced temptation to drink, and increased confidence to abstain in this population of alcoholic-dependent individuals. Early and late onset and heavy drinkers and those taking medications displayed differential changes in drinking behavior, some of which were explained by the mediating effects of self-efficacy. This is a first step in understanding more about which alcoholic individuals respond best to treatment and what mechanisms may be involved in the changes in drinking and drinking-specific changes in frequency and intensity of drinking.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32eeefa9ed176e8d53e68a526659c394" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82764964,"asset_id":74714043,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764964/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714043"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714043"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714043; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714043]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714043]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714043; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714043']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714043, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32eeefa9ed176e8d53e68a526659c394" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714043]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714043,"title":"Impact of Motivational Changes on Drinking Outcomes in Pharmacobehavioral Treatment for Alcohol Dependence","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","grobid_abstract":"Background: Psychological factors such as motivation to change and self-efficacy influence drinking outcomes in alcohol-dependent individuals who are enrolled in pharmacobehavioral studies. Previous results from our research clinic indicated that initial stage of change of heavy drinkers enrolled in a pharmacobehavioral trial was significantly associated with alcohol consumption. However, overall empirical findings regarding the consistency and extent of the connection between motivational factors and behavior are mixed. This may be in part because of the impact of changes in motivation over the course of treatment and ⁄ or characteristics of the individuals receiving the intervention. Our goal in the present study was to examine the extent to which levels of motivation and self-efficacy changed during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral treatment trial, and the extent to which these variables affected drinking behavior in subsets of alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods: We conducted an exploratory evaluation of changes in motivation, temptation to drink, confidence to abstain, and drinking behavior over time during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral study involving 321 alcohol-dependent individuals. We also examined the extent to which individual variables such as initial drinking severity, onset of alcohol dependence, and medication status influenced changes in motivation, self-efficacy, and drinking behavior. Results: Participants reported improvements in motivation to change, self-efficacy for change, and drinking behaviors over the course of treatment. As hypothesized, motivation to change and self-efficacy for change were related to specific dimensions of posttreatment drinking. Heavy drinkers reported more improvement in drinking behaviors than did nonheavy drinkers. Earlyonset drinkers who were on medication reduced their drinking more than those on placebo, and these drinking changes appear to be partially mediated by reductions in temptation. Conclusions: Reductions in drinking occur and are predicted by increased motivation to change, reduced temptation to drink, and increased confidence to abstain in this population of alcoholic-dependent individuals. Early and late onset and heavy drinkers and those taking medications displayed differential changes in drinking behavior, some of which were explained by the mediating effects of self-efficacy. This is a first step in understanding more about which alcoholic individuals respond best to treatment and what mechanisms may be involved in the changes in drinking and drinking-specific changes in frequency and intensity of drinking.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":82764964},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714043/Impact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinking_Outcomes_in_Pharmacobehavioral_Treatment_for_Alcohol_Dependence","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:47.647-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82764964,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764964/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.1530-0277.2011.01516.x20220327-27856-1073lh0.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764964/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Impact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinki.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764964/j.1530-0277.2011.01516.x20220327-27856-1073lh0-libre.pdf?1648408256=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImpact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinki.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=KSJm9ZnZokwiBXQC33tNoYZAuWnPbHncPX8uLjMEyLwris3yVzcGv7~lvjk957lGitcUz6uBxMyWXTfun5RXDvt-vbaTQ5bLOL05bUMy1GUlZOHdGMql2XeoJozI1DsQ~sIDgbkkyER1VYCR4-u36yNKo24zndg2d3aZFKK0X5OYI5lKq6Sgj4Pc7LrWCBVt9qaXnmXCJSeuoHlXbixm~IoOGRJi6A6e6skU1PDqb7dnWRZ4q0Vnw3QskL5lbhEYkiVtgKLUSwKgRyyLHHJ5LEadIyeSBqDrptVzTRxfyJo-vbBlmuvQ-DLkIV2BLaQ7qJzzhVOUN44bltg3OryRjg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Impact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinking_Outcomes_in_Pharmacobehavioral_Treatment_for_Alcohol_Dependence","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Background: Psychological factors such as motivation to change and self-efficacy influence drinking outcomes in alcohol-dependent individuals who are enrolled in pharmacobehavioral studies. Previous results from our research clinic indicated that initial stage of change of heavy drinkers enrolled in a pharmacobehavioral trial was significantly associated with alcohol consumption. However, overall empirical findings regarding the consistency and extent of the connection between motivational factors and behavior are mixed. This may be in part because of the impact of changes in motivation over the course of treatment and ⁄ or characteristics of the individuals receiving the intervention. Our goal in the present study was to examine the extent to which levels of motivation and self-efficacy changed during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral treatment trial, and the extent to which these variables affected drinking behavior in subsets of alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods: We conducted an exploratory evaluation of changes in motivation, temptation to drink, confidence to abstain, and drinking behavior over time during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral study involving 321 alcohol-dependent individuals. We also examined the extent to which individual variables such as initial drinking severity, onset of alcohol dependence, and medication status influenced changes in motivation, self-efficacy, and drinking behavior. Results: Participants reported improvements in motivation to change, self-efficacy for change, and drinking behaviors over the course of treatment. As hypothesized, motivation to change and self-efficacy for change were related to specific dimensions of posttreatment drinking. Heavy drinkers reported more improvement in drinking behaviors than did nonheavy drinkers. Earlyonset drinkers who were on medication reduced their drinking more than those on placebo, and these drinking changes appear to be partially mediated by reductions in temptation. Conclusions: Reductions in drinking occur and are predicted by increased motivation to change, reduced temptation to drink, and increased confidence to abstain in this population of alcoholic-dependent individuals. Early and late onset and heavy drinkers and those taking medications displayed differential changes in drinking behavior, some of which were explained by the mediating effects of self-efficacy. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98840435"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840435/Child_maltreatment_an_Infant_Welfare_perspective"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Child maltreatment : an Infant Welfare perspective" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840435/Child_maltreatment_an_Infant_Welfare_perspective">Child maltreatment : an Infant Welfare perspective</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Australian nurses' journal. Royal Australian Nursing Federation</span><span>, 1981</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98840435"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98840435"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98840435; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98840435]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98840435]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98840435; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98840435']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 98840435, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98840435]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98840435,"title":"Child maltreatment : an Infant Welfare perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1981,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Australian nurses' journal. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98840433"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840433/Pharmacogenetic_Approach_at_the_Serotonin_Transporter_Gene_as_a_Method_of_Reducing_the_Severity_of_Alcohol_Drinking"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacogenetic Approach at the Serotonin Transporter Gene as a Method of Reducing the Severity of Alcohol Drinking" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100083381/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/98840433/Pharmacogenetic_Approach_at_the_Serotonin_Transporter_Gene_as_a_Method_of_Reducing_the_Severity_of_Alcohol_Drinking">Pharmacogenetic Approach at the Serotonin Transporter Gene as a Method of Reducing the Severity of Alcohol Drinking</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Psychiatry</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective-Severe alcohol consumption can cause serious morbidity and death. Because the serotonin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective-Severe alcohol consumption can cause serious morbidity and death. Because the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is an important regulator of neuronal 5-HT function, allelic differences at that gene may modulate the severity of alcohol consumption and predict therapeutic response to the 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron. Method-We randomized 283 alcoholics by genotype in the 5′-regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene (LL/LS/SS), with additional genotyping for another functional single nucleotide polymorphism (T/G), rs1042173, in the 3′-untranslated region, in a controlled double-blind trial. Subjects received ondansetron (4 μg/kg twice daily) or placebo for 11 weeks, plus standardized cognitive behavioral therapy. Results-LL subjects who received ondansetron vs. placebo had fewer mean drinks per drinking day (DDD) and a higher percentage of days abstinent (PDA) (−1.62; p=0.007 and 11.27%; p=0.023). Within ondansetron recipients, DDD was lower and PDA higher in LL vs. LS/SS subjects (−1.53; p=0.005 and 9.73%; p=0.03). Ondansetron LL subjects also had fewer DDD and greater PDA than all other genotype and treatment groups combined (−1.45; p=0.002 and 9.65%; p=0.013). For both DDD and PDA, 5′-HTTLPR and rs1042173 variants interacted significantly (p=0.023 and 0.009). Ondansetron LL/TT had fewer DDD and a greater PDA than all other genotype and treatment groups combined (−2.63; p<0.0001 and 16.99%; p=0.002).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="74e10d1d0655787139ffb05c68069e6b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100083381,"asset_id":98840433,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100083381/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98840433"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98840433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98840433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98840433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98840433]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98840433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98840433']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 98840433, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "74e10d1d0655787139ffb05c68069e6b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98840433]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98840433,"title":"Pharmacogenetic Approach at the Serotonin Transporter Gene as a Method of Reducing the Severity of Alcohol Drinking","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"American Psychiatric Association Publishing","grobid_abstract":"Objective-Severe alcohol consumption can cause serious morbidity and death. Because the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is an important regulator of neuronal 5-HT function, allelic differences at that gene may modulate the severity of alcohol consumption and predict therapeutic response to the 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron. Method-We randomized 283 alcoholics by genotype in the 5′-regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene (LL/LS/SS), with additional genotyping for another functional single nucleotide polymorphism (T/G), rs1042173, in the 3′-untranslated region, in a controlled double-blind trial. Subjects received ondansetron (4 μg/kg twice daily) or placebo for 11 weeks, plus standardized cognitive behavioral therapy. Results-LL subjects who received ondansetron vs. placebo had fewer mean drinks per drinking day (DDD) and a higher percentage of days abstinent (PDA) (−1.62; p=0.007 and 11.27%; p=0.023). Within ondansetron recipients, DDD was lower and PDA higher in LL vs. LS/SS subjects (−1.53; p=0.005 and 9.73%; p=0.03). 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98839864"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/98839864/Interpersonal_Circumplex_Profiles_Of_Persistent_Depression_Goals_Self_Efficacy_Problems_And_Effects_Of_Group_Therapy"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interpersonal Circumplex Profiles Of Persistent Depression: Goals, Self-Efficacy, Problems, And Effects Of Group Therapy" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100083033/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/98839864/Interpersonal_Circumplex_Profiles_Of_Persistent_Depression_Goals_Self_Efficacy_Problems_And_Effects_Of_Group_Therapy">Interpersonal Circumplex Profiles Of Persistent Depression: Goals, Self-Efficacy, Problems, And Effects Of Group Therapy</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of clinical psychology</span><span>, Jan 8, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We assessed severely and persistently depressed patients&#39; interpersonal self-efficacy, proble...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We assessed severely and persistently depressed patients&#39; interpersonal self-efficacy, problems, and goals, plus changes in interpersonal functioning and depression during 20 weeks of group therapy. Outpatients (32 female, 26 male, mean age = 45 years) completed interpersonal circumplex measures of goals, efficacy, and problems before completing 20 weeks of manualized group therapy, during which we regularly assessed depression and interpersonal style. Compared to normative samples, patients lacked interpersonal agency, including less self-efficacy for expressive/assertive actions; stronger motives to avoid conflict, scorn, and humiliation; and more problems with being too submissive, inhibited, and accommodating. Behavioral Activation and especially Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy interventions produced improvements in depression and interpersonal agency, with increases in &quot;agentic and communal&quot; efficacy predicting subsequent decreases in depress...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="840adebc2281f79f0fc83b05ab074a7d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100083033,"asset_id":98839864,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100083033/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98839864"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98839864"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98839864; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98839864]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98839864]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98839864; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98839864']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 98839864, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "840adebc2281f79f0fc83b05ab074a7d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98839864]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98839864,"title":"Interpersonal Circumplex Profiles Of Persistent Depression: Goals, Self-Efficacy, Problems, And Effects Of Group Therapy","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We assessed severely and persistently depressed patients\u0026#39; interpersonal self-efficacy, problems, and goals, plus changes in interpersonal functioning and depression during 20 weeks of group therapy. Outpatients (32 female, 26 male, mean age = 45 years) completed interpersonal circumplex measures of goals, efficacy, and problems before completing 20 weeks of manualized group therapy, during which we regularly assessed depression and interpersonal style. Compared to normative samples, patients lacked interpersonal agency, including less self-efficacy for expressive/assertive actions; stronger motives to avoid conflict, scorn, and humiliation; and more problems with being too submissive, inhibited, and accommodating. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714050"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714050/Can_Neutrophil_lymphocyte_Ratio_Be_a_Useful_Criterion_for_Neuroleptic_Malignant_Syndrome_in_the_Absence_of_Leukocytosis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Can Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Be a Useful Criterion for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in the Absence of Leukocytosis?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714050/Can_Neutrophil_lymphocyte_Ratio_Be_a_Useful_Criterion_for_Neuroleptic_Malignant_Syndrome_in_the_Absence_of_Leukocytosis">Can Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Be a Useful Criterion for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in the Absence of Leukocytosis?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Iranian Journal of Psychiatry</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but severe side effect of antipsychotic...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but severe side effect of antipsychotic medication. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker used to measure systemic inflammation. Method: In this case report we explore the relationship of inflammation in the etiology of NMS. In our case involving NMS, although there was no leukocytosis, the NLR was increased up to systemic infection levels. Conclusion: We hypothesized that systemic inflammation may take a role in developing NMS. If so, NLR could be a new marker of NMS that may be able to provide more sensitive results than leukocyte levels.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714050"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714050"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714050; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714050]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714050]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714050; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714050']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714050, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714050]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714050,"title":"Can Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Be a Useful Criterion for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in the Absence of Leukocytosis?","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but severe side effect of antipsychotic medication. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker used to measure systemic inflammation. Method: In this case report we explore the relationship of inflammation in the etiology of NMS. In our case involving NMS, although there was no leukocytosis, the NLR was increased up to systemic infection levels. Conclusion: We hypothesized that systemic inflammation may take a role in developing NMS. If so, NLR could be a new marker of NMS that may be able to provide more sensitive results than leukocyte levels.","publisher":"Knowledge E","publication_name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry"},"translated_abstract":"Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but severe side effect of antipsychotic medication. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker used to measure systemic inflammation. Method: In this case report we explore the relationship of inflammation in the etiology of NMS. In our case involving NMS, although there was no leukocytosis, the NLR was increased up to systemic infection levels. Conclusion: We hypothesized that systemic inflammation may take a role in developing NMS. If so, NLR could be a new marker of NMS that may be able to provide more sensitive results than leukocyte levels.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714050/Can_Neutrophil_lymphocyte_Ratio_Be_a_Useful_Criterion_for_Neuroleptic_Malignant_Syndrome_in_the_Absence_of_Leukocytosis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.477-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Can_Neutrophil_lymphocyte_Ratio_Be_a_Useful_Criterion_for_Neuroleptic_Malignant_Syndrome_in_the_Absence_of_Leukocytosis","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but severe side effect of antipsychotic medication. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker used to measure systemic inflammation. Method: In this case report we explore the relationship of inflammation in the etiology of NMS. In our case involving NMS, although there was no leukocytosis, the NLR was increased up to systemic infection levels. Conclusion: We hypothesized that systemic inflammation may take a role in developing NMS. If so, NLR could be a new marker of NMS that may be able to provide more sensitive results than leukocyte levels.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences"}],"urls":[{"id":18853101,"url":"https://publish.kne-publishing.com/index.php/IJPS/article/download/6264/6107"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714049"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714049/Factors_Moderating_the_Impact_of_After_Death_Communications_on_Beliefs_and_Spirituality"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Factors Moderating the Impact of After Death Communications on Beliefs and Spirituality" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714049/Factors_Moderating_the_Impact_of_After_Death_Communications_on_Beliefs_and_Spirituality">Factors Moderating the Impact of After Death Communications on Beliefs and Spirituality</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Omega</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living indivi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living individuals by the deceased. This research presents on a subset of data from a recent large international survey of individuals who experienced ADCs and provided systematic information regarding these experiences. In our research we explore the impact of having an ADC on reported spirituality, religiosity, beliefs and attitudes about death and dying and also explore the moderating factors of this impact. We found that having an ADC was perceived as a positive life experience and that it was associated with a reduction in fear of death, belief in life after death and that the deceased could communicate with the living, and increased reported spirituality. Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. Future directions for research exploration are also provided based on our findings.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714049"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714049"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714049; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714049]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714049]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714049; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714049']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714049, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714049]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714049,"title":"Factors Moderating the Impact of After Death Communications on Beliefs and Spirituality","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living individuals by the deceased. This research presents on a subset of data from a recent large international survey of individuals who experienced ADCs and provided systematic information regarding these experiences. In our research we explore the impact of having an ADC on reported spirituality, religiosity, beliefs and attitudes about death and dying and also explore the moderating factors of this impact. We found that having an ADC was perceived as a positive life experience and that it was associated with a reduction in fear of death, belief in life after death and that the deceased could communicate with the living, and increased reported spirituality. Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. Future directions for research exploration are also provided based on our findings.","publisher":"Omega","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Omega"},"translated_abstract":"After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living individuals by the deceased. This research presents on a subset of data from a recent large international survey of individuals who experienced ADCs and provided systematic information regarding these experiences. In our research we explore the impact of having an ADC on reported spirituality, religiosity, beliefs and attitudes about death and dying and also explore the moderating factors of this impact. We found that having an ADC was perceived as a positive life experience and that it was associated with a reduction in fear of death, belief in life after death and that the deceased could communicate with the living, and increased reported spirituality. Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. Future directions for research exploration are also provided based on our findings.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714049/Factors_Moderating_the_Impact_of_After_Death_Communications_on_Beliefs_and_Spirituality","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.363-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Factors_Moderating_the_Impact_of_After_Death_Communications_on_Beliefs_and_Spirituality","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living individuals by the deceased. This research presents on a subset of data from a recent large international survey of individuals who experienced ADCs and provided systematic information regarding these experiences. In our research we explore the impact of having an ADC on reported spirituality, religiosity, beliefs and attitudes about death and dying and also explore the moderating factors of this impact. We found that having an ADC was perceived as a positive life experience and that it was associated with a reduction in fear of death, belief in life after death and that the deceased could communicate with the living, and increased reported spirituality. Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. Future directions for research exploration are also provided based on our findings.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":69116,"name":"OMEGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/OMEGA"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714048"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714048/Differential_Diagnosis_of_Chronic_Depressive_Disorders"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Depressive Disorders" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714048/Differential_Diagnosis_of_Chronic_Depressive_Disorders">Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Depressive Disorders</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Psychiatric Clinics of North America</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article has traced the development of the diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic affective ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article has traced the development of the diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic affective disorders during the past four decades. Much has been accomplished. In fact, our current differential diagnostic capabilities have surpassed our knowledge of how to treat the chronic depressions. It is hoped that in the next decade there will be notable increases in the treatment efficacy literature of the chronic mild depressions. Next, we suggest that practitioners assist academic investigators in determining the best way to treat the chronic depressions. To realize this goal, clinicians must begin to view themselves as part-time researchers. Several technological procedures have been described to facilitate this undertaking. We suggest that the assumption of such a research practitioner role will, in the long run, improve the quality of patient care.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714048"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714048"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714048; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714048]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714048]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714048; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714048']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714048, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714048]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714048,"title":"Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Depressive Disorders","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article has traced the development of the diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic affective disorders during the past four decades. Much has been accomplished. In fact, our current differential diagnostic capabilities have surpassed our knowledge of how to treat the chronic depressions. It is hoped that in the next decade there will be notable increases in the treatment efficacy literature of the chronic mild depressions. Next, we suggest that practitioners assist academic investigators in determining the best way to treat the chronic depressions. To realize this goal, clinicians must begin to view themselves as part-time researchers. Several technological procedures have been described to facilitate this undertaking. We suggest that the assumption of such a research practitioner role will, in the long run, improve the quality of patient care.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1996,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},"translated_abstract":"This article has traced the development of the diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic affective disorders during the past four decades. Much has been accomplished. In fact, our current differential diagnostic capabilities have surpassed our knowledge of how to treat the chronic depressions. It is hoped that in the next decade there will be notable increases in the treatment efficacy literature of the chronic mild depressions. Next, we suggest that practitioners assist academic investigators in determining the best way to treat the chronic depressions. To realize this goal, clinicians must begin to view themselves as part-time researchers. Several technological procedures have been described to facilitate this undertaking. We suggest that the assumption of such a research practitioner role will, in the long run, improve the quality of patient care.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714048/Differential_Diagnosis_of_Chronic_Depressive_Disorders","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.255-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Differential_Diagnosis_of_Chronic_Depressive_Disorders","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This article has traced the development of the diagnostic nomenclature for the chronic affective disorders during the past four decades. Much has been accomplished. In fact, our current differential diagnostic capabilities have surpassed our knowledge of how to treat the chronic depressions. It is hoped that in the next decade there will be notable increases in the treatment efficacy literature of the chronic mild depressions. Next, we suggest that practitioners assist academic investigators in determining the best way to treat the chronic depressions. To realize this goal, clinicians must begin to view themselves as part-time researchers. Several technological procedures have been described to facilitate this undertaking. We suggest that the assumption of such a research practitioner role will, in the long run, improve the quality of patient care.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics"},{"id":3217,"name":"Depression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depression"},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":97269,"name":"Chronic Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Disease"},{"id":157943,"name":"Depressive Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depressive_Disorder"},{"id":162159,"name":"Differential Diagnosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Diagnosis"},{"id":395473,"name":"Patient Care Team","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Care_Team"},{"id":1218490,"name":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Clinics_of_North_America"},{"id":2467529,"name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Status_Rating_Scales"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714047"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714047/Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Precipitants of Constipation During Early Childhood" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764959/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714047/Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood">Precipitants of Constipation During Early Childhood</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric clinics and 30% of visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood constipation vary from 0.3% to 28% with younger children being affected most often. We were unable to find any studies that specifically examine the causes of constipation in young children. Our objective of the study was to determine precipitants to constipation during early childhood. Methods: Findings from 125 families visiting their primary care physician for the first time with a child aged between 2 and 7 years with the complaint of constipation were compared with findings from 95 children between 2 and 7 years without any history of constipation. Parents answered questions concerning family history, toilet training, and bowel habits. Parents of constipated children were asked to describe events that occurred during the 3 months before the onset of constipation and whether these events contributed to the child's constipation Results: The age and sex of children who did and did not suffer from constipation were comparable (P > .3). When compared with control children, constipated children were no more likely to have a parent (30% vs 40%, P ‫؍‬ .14) or sibling (17% vs 14%, P ‫؍‬ .54) with a history of constipation. Constipated children did not begin toilet training earlier than did control children (28 ؎ 7 vs 27 ؎ 6 months, P ‫؍‬ .30). When compared with parents of control children, parents of constipated children reported more difficulties with toilet training (P < .001). Parents of constipated children indicated their children had more difficult and more painful defecation experiences than did parents of control children (P < .001), and constipated children were more likely to express worry about future painful defecation than were control children (P < .001). Parents of constipated children described a number of events that occurred before the onset of constipation; however, they did not consider many of the events important contributors to the constipation. Painful defecation was the event most often reported as causing the constipation. Conclusion: Painful defecation is the primary precipitant of constipation during early childhood. Parents should be counseled to be attentive to such experiences and taught to intervene quickly to lessen the risk that their child will develop persistent constipation or fecal soiling.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="eec5dfc8c0e78ec76a9d612d68340b94" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82764959,"asset_id":74714047,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764959/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714047"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714047"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714047; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714047]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714047]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714047; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714047']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714047, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "eec5dfc8c0e78ec76a9d612d68340b94" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714047]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714047,"title":"Precipitants of Constipation During Early Childhood","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM)","grobid_abstract":"Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric clinics and 30% of visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood constipation vary from 0.3% to 28% with younger children being affected most often. We were unable to find any studies that specifically examine the causes of constipation in young children. Our objective of the study was to determine precipitants to constipation during early childhood. Methods: Findings from 125 families visiting their primary care physician for the first time with a child aged between 2 and 7 years with the complaint of constipation were compared with findings from 95 children between 2 and 7 years without any history of constipation. Parents answered questions concerning family history, toilet training, and bowel habits. Parents of constipated children were asked to describe events that occurred during the 3 months before the onset of constipation and whether these events contributed to the child's constipation Results: The age and sex of children who did and did not suffer from constipation were comparable (P \u003e .3). When compared with control children, constipated children were no more likely to have a parent (30% vs 40%, P ‫؍‬ .14) or sibling (17% vs 14%, P ‫؍‬ .54) with a history of constipation. Constipated children did not begin toilet training earlier than did control children (28 ؎ 7 vs 27 ؎ 6 months, P ‫؍‬ .30). When compared with parents of control children, parents of constipated children reported more difficulties with toilet training (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children indicated their children had more difficult and more painful defecation experiences than did parents of control children (P \u003c .001), and constipated children were more likely to express worry about future painful defecation than were control children (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children described a number of events that occurred before the onset of constipation; however, they did not consider many of the events important contributors to the constipation. Painful defecation was the event most often reported as causing the constipation. Conclusion: Painful defecation is the primary precipitant of constipation during early childhood. Parents should be counseled to be attentive to such experiences and taught to intervene quickly to lessen the risk that their child will develop persistent constipation or fecal soiling.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":82764959},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714047/Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.129-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82764959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"213.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764959/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764959/213-libre.pdf?1648408256=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPrecipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=Unnc~R0ENUbCMTzlV1uyC7RF5dnWo9wsVXANdySs3GB2zDfZBnUdeSQhC4P2020LpEH7O0yKrkvoPO66Hkpf8bMHIGZwhD-WXyYmveOt7f-2G0uzcPx~sTaerkRwzN~RTz3GxrEAm2AgpsPnXITKeIfL65i8ziCEYDwy9flLfmQQB7vgX1ArprOtRWXQq-dsHh0s7ltlnO~D2h7GpQ0FTUwRkXCERJfjvJ~5TmxuYT4VVcq1DUTUDnaxvavY9hTmaJlkzQhscS8VGGvCvw8d~KdOO-yu0sdSeklvMiIo1W2l3e5Ac47S-1cuVuQ6jRVJ7FhuPWNw12-RbNi5XLCkQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Early_Childhood","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Background: Childhood constipation is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric clinics and 30% of visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood constipation vary from 0.3% to 28% with younger children being affected most often. We were unable to find any studies that specifically examine the causes of constipation in young children. Our objective of the study was to determine precipitants to constipation during early childhood. Methods: Findings from 125 families visiting their primary care physician for the first time with a child aged between 2 and 7 years with the complaint of constipation were compared with findings from 95 children between 2 and 7 years without any history of constipation. Parents answered questions concerning family history, toilet training, and bowel habits. Parents of constipated children were asked to describe events that occurred during the 3 months before the onset of constipation and whether these events contributed to the child's constipation Results: The age and sex of children who did and did not suffer from constipation were comparable (P \u003e .3). When compared with control children, constipated children were no more likely to have a parent (30% vs 40%, P ‫؍‬ .14) or sibling (17% vs 14%, P ‫؍‬ .54) with a history of constipation. Constipated children did not begin toilet training earlier than did control children (28 ؎ 7 vs 27 ؎ 6 months, P ‫؍‬ .30). When compared with parents of control children, parents of constipated children reported more difficulties with toilet training (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children indicated their children had more difficult and more painful defecation experiences than did parents of control children (P \u003c .001), and constipated children were more likely to express worry about future painful defecation than were control children (P \u003c .001). Parents of constipated children described a number of events that occurred before the onset of constipation; however, they did not consider many of the events important contributors to the constipation. Painful defecation was the event most often reported as causing the constipation. Conclusion: Painful defecation is the primary precipitant of constipation during early childhood. Parents should be counseled to be attentive to such experiences and taught to intervene quickly to lessen the risk that their child will develop persistent constipation or fecal soiling.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[{"id":82764959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"213.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764959/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Precipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764959/213-libre.pdf?1648408256=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPrecipitants_of_Constipation_During_Earl.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=Unnc~R0ENUbCMTzlV1uyC7RF5dnWo9wsVXANdySs3GB2zDfZBnUdeSQhC4P2020LpEH7O0yKrkvoPO66Hkpf8bMHIGZwhD-WXyYmveOt7f-2G0uzcPx~sTaerkRwzN~RTz3GxrEAm2AgpsPnXITKeIfL65i8ziCEYDwy9flLfmQQB7vgX1ArprOtRWXQq-dsHh0s7ltlnO~D2h7GpQ0FTUwRkXCERJfjvJ~5TmxuYT4VVcq1DUTUDnaxvavY9hTmaJlkzQhscS8VGGvCvw8d~KdOO-yu0sdSeklvMiIo1W2l3e5Ac47S-1cuVuQ6jRVJ7FhuPWNw12-RbNi5XLCkQw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2898,"name":"Pain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pain"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":30140,"name":"Early Childhood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Childhood"},{"id":32159,"name":"Family history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_history"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child"},{"id":89021,"name":"Constipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constipation"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":538047,"name":"Young Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Children"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1"},{"id":852298,"name":"Toilet Training for Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toilet_Training_for_Children"},{"id":2129289,"name":"The The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_The"},{"id":2489700,"name":"Child preschool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_preschool"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714046"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714046/S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of S44-04 - Cbasp for chronic depression: impact of co-morbidities and learning acquisition" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714046/S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition">S44-04 - Cbasp for chronic depression: impact of co-morbidities and learning acquisition</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Psychiatry</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714046"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714046"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714046; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714046]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714046]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714046; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714046']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714046, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714046]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714046,"title":"S44-04 - Cbasp for chronic depression: impact of co-morbidities and learning acquisition","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"European Psychiatry"},"translated_abstract":"Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714046/S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:48.020-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"S44_04_Cbasp_for_chronic_depression_impact_of_co_morbidities_and_learning_acquisition","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Depression and other co-morbidities, such as alcoholism, frequently co-occur and make effective treatment more complex and challenging. There is a growing interest in the co-occurrence of substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders, but knowledge about effective behavioral treatment options is far from complete. Research supports the hypothesis that an integrated therapy such as CBASP, which possesses components of motivational, cognitive, behavioral therapy, as well as management of interpersonal reinforcements, to target co-occurring depression and alcoholism may be most effective for chronic depression and co-occurring disorders. CBASP has been shown to be effective in treating chronically depressed individuals and is a promising behavioral approach for use with chronically depressed patients who may report treatment resistance, traumatic developmental histories, manifest impoverished interpersonal relations, interactions, and coping skills, and demonstrate additional ...","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3454899,"name":"european psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/european_psychiatry"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714045"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714045/Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Diabetes and Driving Mishaps: Frequency and correlations from a multinational survey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83641348/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714045/Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey">Diabetes and Driving Mishaps: Frequency and correlations from a multinational survey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Diabetes Care</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a0fa0f65ffa00e6527da0087400ecafb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83641348,"asset_id":74714045,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83641348/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714045"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714045"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714045; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714045]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714045]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714045; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714045']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714045, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a0fa0f65ffa00e6527da0087400ecafb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714045]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714045,"title":"Diabetes and Driving Mishaps: Frequency and correlations from a multinational survey","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...","publisher":"American Diabetes Association","ai_title_tag":"Diabetes Increases Driving Mishaps: A Multinational Survey","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Diabetes Care"},"translated_abstract":"OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714045/Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:47.904-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83641348,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83641348/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83641348/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83641348/Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf?1649563335=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=G7PFXPMfYcsZXne5KdfJ4CkqDD4TRm6gHK9SlAhGEdpqwQ2Ewpd0WewQDyQKAcoRpJO9lpsscqU2ZC71qO-wPss85ISe0jzWwosC5hXSlpCqO~830UoUy-2q7N0fnfhDJeSxTRf~xJ607tROtVq3TrVS~R3SOpYCdykKUvWK0cj3NtImI-LHKKrCGY3wl-P-~tXLcMWlD6TD3Yqij4tU6KKvHqM30~JLfp7BP4BQ~Q9LT-QDW1tbXzG3S5aFPvxjPVEIGuTRIq0B7g4sHQHGNZqRGOX2CSqgerEwMomTOycXSC7KFQl5ax8mktyP-yp1GGmWgrMSzswG-j7ylY8mNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_and_correlations_from_a_multinational_survey","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"OBJECTIVE—The intensive treatment of diabetes to achieve strict glycemic control is a common clinical goal, but it is associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to a greater incidence of driving mishaps. This study investigated whether diabetes is associated with increased risk of driving mishaps and correlates of such a relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During routine visits to diabetes specialty clinics in seven U.S. and four European cities, consecutive adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and nondiabetic spouse control subjects (n = 341, 332, and 363, respectively) completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diabetes and driving. RESULTS—Type 1 diabetic drivers reported significantly more crashes, moving violations, episodes of hypoglycemic stupor, required assistance, and mild hypoglycemia while driving as compared with type 2 diabetic drivers or spouse control subjects (...","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[{"id":83641348,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83641348/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83641348/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Diabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83641348/Diabetes_and_driving_mishaps_-_Frequency20220409-11877-1gtkzuh.pdf?1649563335=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiabetes_and_Driving_Mishaps_Frequency_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=G7PFXPMfYcsZXne5KdfJ4CkqDD4TRm6gHK9SlAhGEdpqwQ2Ewpd0WewQDyQKAcoRpJO9lpsscqU2ZC71qO-wPss85ISe0jzWwosC5hXSlpCqO~830UoUy-2q7N0fnfhDJeSxTRf~xJ607tROtVq3TrVS~R3SOpYCdykKUvWK0cj3NtImI-LHKKrCGY3wl-P-~tXLcMWlD6TD3Yqij4tU6KKvHqM30~JLfp7BP4BQ~Q9LT-QDW1tbXzG3S5aFPvxjPVEIGuTRIq0B7g4sHQHGNZqRGOX2CSqgerEwMomTOycXSC7KFQl5ax8mktyP-yp1GGmWgrMSzswG-j7ylY8mNA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":75826,"name":"Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Europe"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States"},{"id":174502,"name":"Incidence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incidence"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies"},{"id":915951,"name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies"},{"id":1426858,"name":"Diabetes Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetes_Care"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":4002452,"name":"Accidents Traffic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accidents_Traffic"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714044"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714044/Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy and Brief Supportive Psychotherapy for Augmentation of Antidepressant Nonresponse in Chronic Depression<subtitle>The REVAMP Trial</subtitle><alt-title>Augmentation With CBASP and BSP for Depression</alt-title>" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764970/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714044/Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_">Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy and Brief Supportive Psychotherapy for Augmentation of Antidepressant Nonresponse in Chronic Depression<subtitle>The REVAMP Trial</subtitle><alt-title>Augmentation With CBASP and BSP for Depression</alt-title></a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Archives of General Psychiatry</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant med...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant medications alone. Objective: To determine the role of adjunctive psychotherapy in the treatment of chronically depressed patients with less than complete response to an initial medication trial. Design: This trial compared 12 weeks of (1) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP), (2) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP), and (3) continued optimized pharmacotherapy (MEDS) alone. We hypothesized that adding CBASP would produce higher rates of response and remission than adding BSP or continuing MEDS alone. Setting: Eight academic sites. Participants: Chronically depressed patients with a current DSM-IV-defined major depressive episode and persistent depressive symptoms for more than 2 years. Interventions: Phase 1 consisted of open-label, algorithm-guided treatment for 12 weeks based on a history of antidepressant response. Patients not achieving remission received next-step pharmacotherapy options with or without adjunctive psychotherapy (phase 2). Individuals undergoing psychotherapy were randomized to receive either CBASP or BSP stratified by phase 1 response, ie, as nonresponders (NRs) or partial responders (PRs). Main Outcome Measures: Proportions of remitters, PRs, and NRs and change on Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAM-D) scores. Results: In all, 808 participants entered phase 1, of which 491 were classified as NRs or PRs and entered phase 2 (200 received CBASP and MEDS, 195 received BSP and MEDS, and 96 received MEDS only). Mean HAM-D scores dropped from 25.9 to 17.7 in NRs and from 15.2 to 9.9 in PRs. No statistically significant differences emerged among the 3 treatment groups in the proportions of phase 2 remission (15.0%), partial response (22.5%), and nonresponse (62.5%) or in changes on HAM-D scores. Conclusions: Although 37.5% of the participants experienced partial response or remitted in phase 2, neither form of adjunctive psychotherapy significantly improved outcomes over that of a flexible, individualized pharmacotherapy regimen alone. A longitudinal assessment of later-emerging benefits is ongoing.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="08db83447afaaf1d307dfb4965f2dbfa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82764970,"asset_id":74714044,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764970/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714044"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714044"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714044; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714044]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714044]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714044; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714044']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714044, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "08db83447afaaf1d307dfb4965f2dbfa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714044]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714044,"title":"Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy and Brief Supportive Psychotherapy for Augmentation of Antidepressant Nonresponse in Chronic Depression\u003csubtitle\u003eThe REVAMP Trial\u003c/subtitle\u003e\u003calt-title\u003eAugmentation With CBASP and BSP for Depression\u003c/alt-title\u003e","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","grobid_abstract":"Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant medications alone. Objective: To determine the role of adjunctive psychotherapy in the treatment of chronically depressed patients with less than complete response to an initial medication trial. Design: This trial compared 12 weeks of (1) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP), (2) continued pharmacotherapy and augmentation with brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP), and (3) continued optimized pharmacotherapy (MEDS) alone. We hypothesized that adding CBASP would produce higher rates of response and remission than adding BSP or continuing MEDS alone. Setting: Eight academic sites. Participants: Chronically depressed patients with a current DSM-IV-defined major depressive episode and persistent depressive symptoms for more than 2 years. Interventions: Phase 1 consisted of open-label, algorithm-guided treatment for 12 weeks based on a history of antidepressant response. Patients not achieving remission received next-step pharmacotherapy options with or without adjunctive psychotherapy (phase 2). Individuals undergoing psychotherapy were randomized to receive either CBASP or BSP stratified by phase 1 response, ie, as nonresponders (NRs) or partial responders (PRs). Main Outcome Measures: Proportions of remitters, PRs, and NRs and change on Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAM-D) scores. Results: In all, 808 participants entered phase 1, of which 491 were classified as NRs or PRs and entered phase 2 (200 received CBASP and MEDS, 195 received BSP and MEDS, and 96 received MEDS only). Mean HAM-D scores dropped from 25.9 to 17.7 in NRs and from 15.2 to 9.9 in PRs. No statistically significant differences emerged among the 3 treatment groups in the proportions of phase 2 remission (15.0%), partial response (22.5%), and nonresponse (62.5%) or in changes on HAM-D scores. Conclusions: Although 37.5% of the participants experienced partial response or remitted in phase 2, neither form of adjunctive psychotherapy significantly improved outcomes over that of a flexible, individualized pharmacotherapy regimen alone. A longitudinal assessment of later-emerging benefits is ongoing.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2009,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":82764970},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74714044/Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-27T11:48:47.779-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":9812628,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82764970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764970/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764970/yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf?1648407011=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=U9NTKaqp~KyQ8WCcHnDxt8jCrjiI5TsllASALZmm~c6aJv7~y8b~dBDZeRIh~ASuhcUqMhCIjGJNoz4hLKJSbVE5J6Ub0dWUHth8Q-14b9es39K~iM78WnYFE9dbINJycVPok9tP4OZv-KL6eCaJ2GokZHXKlBJ~pv9dxxEef2Z4EvwyXw6PSCHfiMI2YfKmfabfV~DkXWrqTvtGXGwJF5EfK6IAs509H6pS8QRjGXN668sZXC3FZczc5EmmZhR2q-LV~kI~u-I9pJaD73sGfAxjOKN9T1XdG3yfWJm~RUQqg5aAYxsx0uw-4YzpzRkyBMxIyZbxoYBrU8xd5cxf5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of_Psychotherapy_and_Brief_Supportive_Psychotherapy_for_Augmentation_of_Antidepressant_Nonresponse_in_Chronic_Depression_subtitle_The_REVAMP_Trial_subtitle_alt_title_Augmentation_With_CBASP_and_BSP_for_Depression_alt_title_","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Previous studies have found that few chronically depressed patients remit with antidepressant medications alone. 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Patients not achieving remission received next-step pharmacotherapy options with or without adjunctive psychotherapy (phase 2). Individuals undergoing psychotherapy were randomized to receive either CBASP or BSP stratified by phase 1 response, ie, as nonresponders (NRs) or partial responders (PRs). Main Outcome Measures: Proportions of remitters, PRs, and NRs and change on Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAM-D) scores. Results: In all, 808 participants entered phase 1, of which 491 were classified as NRs or PRs and entered phase 2 (200 received CBASP and MEDS, 195 received BSP and MEDS, and 96 received MEDS only). Mean HAM-D scores dropped from 25.9 to 17.7 in NRs and from 15.2 to 9.9 in PRs. No statistically significant differences emerged among the 3 treatment groups in the proportions of phase 2 remission (15.0%), partial response (22.5%), and nonresponse (62.5%) or in changes on HAM-D scores. Conclusions: Although 37.5% of the participants experienced partial response or remitted in phase 2, neither form of adjunctive psychotherapy significantly improved outcomes over that of a flexible, individualized pharmacotherapy regimen alone. A longitudinal assessment of later-emerging benefits is ongoing.","owner":{"id":9812628,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Penberthy","page_name":"JenniferPenberthy","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2014-03-06T10:29:38.075-08:00","display_name":"Jennifer Penberthy","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferPenberthy"},"attachments":[{"id":82764970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764970/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82764970/yoa90033_1178_1188.pdf?1648407011=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCognitive_Behavioral_Analysis_System_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1733961450\u0026Signature=U9NTKaqp~KyQ8WCcHnDxt8jCrjiI5TsllASALZmm~c6aJv7~y8b~dBDZeRIh~ASuhcUqMhCIjGJNoz4hLKJSbVE5J6Ub0dWUHth8Q-14b9es39K~iM78WnYFE9dbINJycVPok9tP4OZv-KL6eCaJ2GokZHXKlBJ~pv9dxxEef2Z4EvwyXw6PSCHfiMI2YfKmfabfV~DkXWrqTvtGXGwJF5EfK6IAs509H6pS8QRjGXN668sZXC3FZczc5EmmZhR2q-LV~kI~u-I9pJaD73sGfAxjOKN9T1XdG3yfWJm~RUQqg5aAYxsx0uw-4YzpzRkyBMxIyZbxoYBrU8xd5cxf5g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3217,"name":"Depression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depression"},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment"},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome"},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent"},{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study"},{"id":77794,"name":"Major Depressive Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Depressive_Disorder"},{"id":97269,"name":"Chronic Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Disease"},{"id":101797,"name":"Cognitive Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Therapy"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged"},{"id":1218481,"name":"Archives General Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archives_General_Psychiatry"},{"id":2463779,"name":"Combined Modality Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combined_Modality_Therapy"},{"id":2467529,"name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatric_Status_Rating_Scales"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":3988408,"name":"Antidepressive agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antidepressive_agents"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74714043"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714043/Impact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinking_Outcomes_in_Pharmacobehavioral_Treatment_for_Alcohol_Dependence"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Motivational Changes on Drinking Outcomes in Pharmacobehavioral Treatment for Alcohol Dependence" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82764964/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74714043/Impact_of_Motivational_Changes_on_Drinking_Outcomes_in_Pharmacobehavioral_Treatment_for_Alcohol_Dependence">Impact of Motivational Changes on Drinking Outcomes in Pharmacobehavioral Treatment for Alcohol Dependence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Psychological factors such as motivation to change and self-efficacy influence drinki...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Psychological factors such as motivation to change and self-efficacy influence drinking outcomes in alcohol-dependent individuals who are enrolled in pharmacobehavioral studies. Previous results from our research clinic indicated that initial stage of change of heavy drinkers enrolled in a pharmacobehavioral trial was significantly associated with alcohol consumption. However, overall empirical findings regarding the consistency and extent of the connection between motivational factors and behavior are mixed. This may be in part because of the impact of changes in motivation over the course of treatment and ⁄ or characteristics of the individuals receiving the intervention. Our goal in the present study was to examine the extent to which levels of motivation and self-efficacy changed during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral treatment trial, and the extent to which these variables affected drinking behavior in subsets of alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods: We conducted an exploratory evaluation of changes in motivation, temptation to drink, confidence to abstain, and drinking behavior over time during the treatment phase of a pharmacobehavioral study involving 321 alcohol-dependent individuals. We also examined the extent to which individual variables such as initial drinking severity, onset of alcohol dependence, and medication status influenced changes in motivation, self-efficacy, and drinking behavior. Results: Participants reported improvements in motivation to change, self-efficacy for change, and drinking behaviors over the course of treatment. As hypothesized, motivation to change and self-efficacy for change were related to specific dimensions of posttreatment drinking. Heavy drinkers reported more improvement in drinking behaviors than did nonheavy drinkers. Earlyonset drinkers who were on medication reduced their drinking more than those on placebo, and these drinking changes appear to be partially mediated by reductions in temptation. Conclusions: Reductions in drinking occur and are predicted by increased motivation to change, reduced temptation to drink, and increased confidence to abstain in this population of alcoholic-dependent individuals. Early and late onset and heavy drinkers and those taking medications displayed differential changes in drinking behavior, some of which were explained by the mediating effects of self-efficacy. This is a first step in understanding more about which alcoholic individuals respond best to treatment and what mechanisms may be involved in the changes in drinking and drinking-specific changes in frequency and intensity of drinking.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="32eeefa9ed176e8d53e68a526659c394" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82764964,"asset_id":74714043,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82764964/download_file?st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk1Nzg1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74714043"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74714043"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714043; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714043]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74714043]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74714043; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74714043']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74714043, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "32eeefa9ed176e8d53e68a526659c394" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74714043]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74714043,"title":"Impact of Motivational Changes on Drinking Outcomes in Pharmacobehavioral Treatment for Alcohol Dependence","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","grobid_abstract":"Background: Psychological factors such as motivation to change and self-efficacy influence drinking outcomes in alcohol-dependent individuals who are enrolled in pharmacobehavioral studies. 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Earlyonset drinkers who were on medication reduced their drinking more than those on placebo, and these drinking changes appear to be partially mediated by reductions in temptation. Conclusions: Reductions in drinking occur and are predicted by increased motivation to change, reduced temptation to drink, and increased confidence to abstain in this population of alcoholic-dependent individuals. Early and late onset and heavy drinkers and those taking medications displayed differential changes in drinking behavior, some of which were explained by the mediating effects of self-efficacy. 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Earlyonset drinkers who were on medication reduced their drinking more than those on placebo, and these drinking changes appear to be partially mediated by reductions in temptation. Conclusions: Reductions in drinking occur and are predicted by increased motivation to change, reduced temptation to drink, and increased confidence to abstain in this population of alcoholic-dependent individuals. Early and late onset and heavy drinkers and those taking medications displayed differential changes in drinking behavior, some of which were explained by the mediating effects of self-efficacy. 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