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袗袥袝袣小袗袧袛袪袨-袧袝袙小袣袠袡 (袗袥袝袣小袗袧袛袪袨袙小袣袠袡) 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋
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class="article_title">袗袥袝袣小袗袧袛袪袨-袧袝袙小袣袠袡 (袗袥袝袣小袗袧袛袪袨袙小袣袠袡) 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋</span></span> <span class="content"> <div class="article_dashboard_space"><nobr> <div class="button"><img src="/images/icon_backward.gif" width="11" height="9" border="0" alt="" /> <a href="/text/64492.html" rel="prev">锌褉械写褘写褍褖邪褟 褋褌邪褌褜褟</a></div> <div class="button"><img src="/images/icon_forward.gif" width="11" height="9" border="0" alt="" /> <a href="/text/64496.html" rel="next">褋谢械写褍褞褖邪褟 褋褌邪褌褜褟</a></div> <div class="button"><img src="/images/icon_print.gif" width="13" height="10" border="0" alt="胁械褉褋懈褟 写谢褟 锌械褔邪褌懈" /> <a href="http://www.pravenc.ru/text/print/64494.html">锌械褔邪褌褜</a></div> <div class="button"><a href="http://188.254.92.189/wlib/wlib/html/_modules/search/_additional/find.php?iddb=150&ID=CNC/PRAVENC/64494" target="_blank"><img src="/images/bib_icon_h10.gif" width="9" height="10" border="0" alt="斜懈斜谢懈芯褌械泻邪" /></a> <a href="http://188.254.92.189/wlib/wlib/html/_modules/search/_additional/find.php?iddb=150&ID=CNC/PRAVENC/64494" target="_blank">斜懈斜谢懈芯褌械泻邪</a></div> <div class="info"><span style="margin-right:20px;"> <a href="/vol/i.html">1</a>, 小. 617-618 </span> <img src="/images/icon_clock.gif" width="10" height="8" border="0" alt="" /><b>芯锌褍斜谢懈泻芯胁邪薪芯:</b> 7 薪芯褟斜褉褟 2007谐.</div> </nobr> <div style="clear: both; height:0px;"></div> </div> <br clear="all" /> <br clear="all" /> <div class="article_text" > <h1 class="article_title" itemprop="title">袗袥袝袣小袗袧袛袪袨-袧袝袙小袣袠袡 (袗袥袝袣小袗袧袛袪袨袙小袣袠袡) 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋</h1> <div itemprop="content"><p> (袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 械锌邪褉褏懈懈) 胁 褋. 袦邪泻谢邪泻芯胁械 孝邪谢写芯屑褋泻芯谐芯 褉-薪邪 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 芯斜谢. 袨褋薪芯胁邪薪 褍泻邪蟹芯屑 小胁褟褌械泄褕械谐芯 小懈薪芯写邪 芯褌 4 褋械薪褌. 1895 谐. 锌械褉胁芯薪邪褔邪谢褜薪芯 泻邪泻 卸械薪. 芯斜褖懈薪邪 胁 锌邪屑褟褌褜 芯 褋锌邪褋械薪懈懈 懈屑锌. <a href="/text/袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉 III 袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉芯胁懈褔.html"style="font-style:italic;">袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉邪 III 袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉芯胁懈褔邪</a> 懈 邪胁谐褍褋褌械泄褕械泄 褋械屑褜懈 胁 卸械谢械蟹薪芯写芯褉芯卸薪芯泄 泻邪褌邪褋褌褉芯褎械 17 芯泻褌. 1888 谐. 袩械褉胁芯泄 薪邪褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜薪懈褑械泄 芯斜褖懈薪褘 胁 屑邪械 1896 谐. 褋褌邪谢邪 屑芯薪. 袗写褉懈邪薪邪. 袨锌褉械写械谢械薪懈械屑 小懈薪芯写邪 芯褌 16 褟薪胁. 1906 谐. 芯斜褖懈薪邪 斜褘谢邪 锌褉械芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪邪 胁 屑芯薪-褉褜, 褋 1906 谐. 写芯 蟹邪泻褉褘褌懈褟 芯斜懈褌械谢褜褞 褍锌褉邪胁谢褟谢邪 懈谐褍屑. 袠蟹屑邪褉邪谐写邪. 袣 1913 谐. 胁 袗.-袧. 屑. 薪邪褋褔懈褌褘胁邪谢芯褋褜 8 屑芯薪邪褏懈薪褜, 50 锌芯褋谢褍褕薪懈褑 懈 60 褌褉褍写薪懈褑. 袘芯谐芯褋谢褍卸械薪懈褟 褋芯胁械褉褕邪谢懈褋褜 械卸械写薪械胁薪芯, 薪邪 锌褉械褋褌芯谢褜薪褘械 锌褉邪蟹写薪懈泻懈 (30 邪胁谐., 9 屑邪褟, 30 屑邪褉褌邪, 25 褟薪胁.) 褍褋褌褉邪懈胁邪谢懈褋褜 泻褉械褋褌薪褘械 褏芯写褘. </p> <p> 袣 薪邪褔. XX 胁. 胁 袗.-袧. 屑. 斜褘谢芯 2 褏褉邪屑邪: 褋芯斜芯褉薪褘泄 泻邪屑械薪薪褘泄 胁芯 懈屑褟 斜谢谐胁. 泻薪. 袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉邪 袧械胁褋泻芯谐芯, 褋 2 锌褉懈写械谢邪屑懈 (锌褉邪胁褘屑 - 胁芯 懈屑褟 褋胁褌. 袧懈泻芯谢邪褟 效褍写芯褌胁芯褉褑邪 懈 谢械胁褘屑 - 胁芯 懈屑褟 锌褉锌. 袠芯邪薪薪邪 袥械褋褌胁懈褔薪懈泻邪), 锌芯褋褌褉芯械薪薪褘泄 胁 1897 谐.; 写芯屑芯胁褘泄 褏褉邪屑 胁 褔械褋褌褜 懈泻芯薪褘 袘芯卸懈械泄 袦邪褌械褉懈 芦校褌芯谢懈 屑芯褟 锌械褔邪谢懈禄, 锌芯褋褌褉芯械薪薪褘泄 胁 1895 谐. 懈 锌械褉械薪械褋械薪薪褘泄 胁 1903 谐. 胁 泻邪屑械薪薪褘泄 写胁褍褏褝褌邪卸薪褘泄 泻芯褉锌褍褋 蟹邪 芯谐褉邪写芯泄, 薪邪 1-屑 褝褌邪卸械 泻-褉芯谐芯 薪邪褏芯写懈谢芯褋褜 褍褔-褖械 写谢褟 写械褌械泄 (褋 1898 褑械褉泻芯胁薪芯锌褉懈褏芯写褋泻邪褟 褕泻芯谢邪). 效褍写芯褌胁芯褉薪邪褟 褏褉邪屑芯胁邪褟 懈泻芯薪邪 袘芯卸懈械泄 袦邪褌械褉懈 斜褘谢邪 锌褉懈薪械褋械薪邪 胁 芯斜懈褌械谢褜 褋 袗褎芯薪邪, 褋芯胁褉. 屑械褋褌芯薪邪褏芯卸写械薪懈械 懈泻芯薪褘 薪械懈蟹胁械褋褌薪芯. 袘谢懈蟹 袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉芯-袧械胁褋泻芯谐芯 褋芯斜芯褉邪 胁 1897 谐. 斜褘谢邪 锌芯褋褌褉芯械薪邪 泻邪屑械薪薪邪褟 褔械褌褘褉械褏褗褟褉褍褋薪邪褟 泻芯谢芯泻芯谢褜薪褟 褋 10 泻芯谢芯泻芯谢邪屑懈. 袙 1912 谐. 蟹邪谢芯卸械薪邪 褔械褌褘褉械褏锌褉械褋褌芯谢褜薪邪褟 褑. 胁芯 懈屑褟 褋胁褌. 袗谢械泻褋懈褟, 屑懈褌褉. 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯谐芯. 袙 泻芯屑锌谢械泻褋 屑芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褋泻懈褏 锌芯褋褌褉芯械泻 胁褏芯写懈谢懈 6 泻芯褉锌褍褋芯胁 (薪邪褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜褋泻懈泄 懈 5 褋械褋褌褉懈薪褋泻懈褏), 屑邪褋褌械褉褋泻懈械, 泻褍蟹薪懈褑邪, 斜芯谐邪写械谢褜薪褟 薪邪 5 屑械褋褌; 芯斜懈褌械谢褜 懈屑械谢邪 褋泻芯褌薪褘泄 写胁芯褉, 斜邪薪褞, 锌褔械谢褜薪懈泻, 写械褉械胁褟薪薪褍褞 褉懈谐褍. 袙褋械 屑芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褋泻懈械 蟹写邪薪懈褟 斜褘谢懈 胁褘褋褌褉芯械薪褘 懈 褋芯写械褉卸邪谢懈褋褜 薪邪 褋褉械写褋褌胁邪 泻褍锌褑邪 袠. 袛. 袘邪褔褍褉懈薪邪, 锌芯卸械褉褌胁芯胁邪胁褕械谐芯 芯斜懈褌械谢懈 褌邪泻卸械 蟹薪邪褔懈褌械谢褜薪芯械 泻芯谢懈褔械褋褌胁芯 蟹械屑谢懈. 袙 小.-袩械褌械褉斜褍褉谐械 袗.-袧. 屑. 懈屑械谢 锌芯写胁芯褉褜械 锌褉懈 褏褉邪屑械 胁芯 懈屑褟 褋胁褟褌褘褏 袙械褉褘, 袧邪写械卸写褘, 袥褞斜芯胁懈 懈 屑邪褌械褉懈 懈褏 小芯褎懈懈, 锌芯褋褌褉芯械薪薪芯屑 胁 1910 谐. 袩褉懈 锌芯写胁芯褉褜械 薪邪褏芯写懈谢褋褟 写胁褍褏褝褌邪卸薪褘泄 泻芯褉锌褍褋, 胁 泻-褉芯屑 锌褉芯卸懈胁邪谢懈 40 褋械褋褌械褉, 懈 褑械褉泻芯胁薪芯锌褉懈褏芯写褋泻邪褟 褕泻芯谢邪. </p> <p> 袩芯褋谢械 1917 谐. 袗.-袧. 屑. 斜褘谢 蟹邪泻褉褘褌, 锌芯褋谢械写薪懈械 屑芯薪邪褏懈薪懈 锌芯泻懈薪褍谢懈 械谐芯 胁 1927-1931 谐谐. 袩芯 锌褉械写邪薪懈褞, 胁褋械褏 锌褉械褋褌邪褉械谢褘褏 薪邪褋械谢褜薪懈褑 褉邪蟹芯谐薪邪谢懈, 邪 屑芯谢芯写褘褏 褍胁械蟹谢懈 薪邪 2 谐褉褍蟹芯胁懈泻邪褏 (胁芯蟹屑芯卸薪芯, 芯薪懈 锌褉懈薪褟谢懈 屑褍褔械薪懈褔械褋泻褍褞 泻芯薪褔懈薪褍). 袘芯谢褜褕懈薪褋褌胁芯 褋褌褉芯械薪懈泄 胁 20-30-褏 谐谐. 斜褘谢芯 褉邪蟹褉褍褕械薪芯, 褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢懈褋褜 褌芯谢褜泻芯 2 泻芯褉锌褍褋邪 懈 褋芯斜芯褉 褋 泻芯谢芯泻芯谢褜薪械泄. 袙 泻邪屑械薪薪芯屑 写胁褍褏褝褌邪卸薪芯屑 泻芯褉锌褍褋械, 褋 写芯屑芯胁褘屑 褏褉邪屑芯屑 芦校褌芯谢懈 屑芯褟 锌械褔邪谢懈禄, 薪邪褏芯写懈谢邪褋褜 斜芯谢褜薪懈褑邪, 胁 薪邪褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜褋泻芯屑 泻芯褉锌褍褋械 - 褕泻芯谢邪. 袠蟹 褍斜褉邪薪褋褌胁邪 懈 褍褌胁邪褉懈 褏褉邪屑芯胁 锌褉邪泻褌懈褔械褋泻懈 薪懈褔械谐芯 薪械 芯褋褌邪谢芯褋褜, 褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢懈褋褜 谢懈褕褜 褎褉械褋泻懈 薪邪 泻谢懈褉芯褋邪褏 懈 胁 邪谢褌邪褉薪芯泄 褔邪褋褌懈 褋芯斜芯褉邪 懈 3 褎褉械褋泻懈 胁 写芯屑芯胁芯屑 褏褉邪屑械, 邪 褌邪泻卸械 薪械褋泻. 斜芯谐芯褋谢褍卸械斜薪褘褏 泻薪懈谐, 褋褌邪褉懈薪薪褘械 褔械褌泻懈 懈 懈蟹写械谢懈褟 懈蟹 屑芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褋泻芯泄 泻褍蟹薪懈褑褘. 肖械芯写芯褉芯胁褋泻褍褞 懈泻芯薪褍 袘芯卸懈械泄 袦邪褌械褉懈, 薪邪褏芯写懈胁褕褍褞褋褟 写芯 1917 谐. 胁 袗.-袧. 屑., 褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢邪 斜谢邪谐芯褔械褋褌懈胁邪褟 卸械薪褖懈薪邪 懈 胁械褉薪褍谢邪 械械 胁 屑芯薪-褉褜 胁 1997 谐. 袦芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褋泻芯械 泻谢邪写斜懈褖械, 谐写械 锌芯褏芯褉芯薪械薪褘 薪邪褋械谢褜薪懈褑褘 懈 袠. 袛. 袘邪褔褍褉懈薪, 褍薪懈褔褌芯卸械薪芯, 屑芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褋泻懈泄 泻芯谢芯写械褑 蟹邪胁邪谢械薪 屑褍褋芯褉芯屑. 袠谐褍屑械薪褋泻懈泄 泻芯褉锌褍褋, 泻褍锌谢械薪薪褘泄 褔邪褋褌薪褘屑 谢懈褑芯屑, 泻 2000 谐. 薪邪褏芯写懈谢褋褟 胁 蟹邪斜褉芯褕械薪薪芯屑 褋芯褋褌芯褟薪懈懈, 袪袩笑 薪械 锌械褉械写邪薪. 袧邪 褌械褉褉懈褌芯褉懈懈 锌芯写胁芯褉褜褟 胁 小.-袩械褌械褉斜褍褉谐械 锌芯褋褌褉芯械薪褘 卸懈谢褘械 写芯屑邪. </p> <p> 袙 1993 谐. 锌芯 斜谢邪谐芯褋谢芯胁械薪懈褞 屑懈褌褉. 袣褉褍褌懈褑泻芯谐芯 懈 袣芯谢芯屑械薪褋泻芯谐芯 <a href="/text/挟胁械薪邪谢懈褟 (袩芯褟褉泻芯胁邪).html"style="font-style:italic;">挟胁械薪邪谢懈褟 (袩芯褟褉泻芯胁邪)</a> 胁 褋. 袦邪泻谢邪泻芯胁械 斜褘谢 芯褌泻褉褘褌 锌褉邪胁芯褋谢. 锌褉懈褏芯写 褏褉邪屑邪 胁芯 懈屑褟 褋胁. 斜谢谐胁. 泻薪. 袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉邪 袧械胁褋泻芯谐芯. 袙 1995 谐. 袪袩笑 锌械褉械写邪薪 械写懈薪褋褌胁械薪薪褘泄 褋芯褏褉邪薪懈胁褕懈泄褋褟 褋械褋褌褉懈薪褋泻懈泄 泻芯褉锌褍褋, 谐写械 褉邪薪械械 褉邪蟹屑械褖邪谢褋褟 写芯屑 芯褌写褘褏邪. 22 屑邪褉褌邪 1996 谐. 芯锌褉械写械谢械薪懈械屑 小胁褟褖. 小懈薪芯写邪 袪袩笑 锌褉懈褏芯写褋泻芯泄 褏褉邪屑 褋胁. 斜谢谐胁. 泻薪. 袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉邪 袧械胁褋泻芯谐芯 锌褉械芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪 胁 卸械薪. 屑芯薪-褉褜. 袣 2000 谐. 胁 芯斜懈褌械谢懈 锌褉芯卸懈胁邪谢芯 30 褋械褋褌械褉, 薪邪褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜薪懈褑邪 - 屑芯薪. 袝谢懈蟹邪胁械褌邪 (小械屑械薪芯胁邪). 小 1997 谐. 袗.-袧. 屑. 懈屑械谢 懈泻芯薪芯锌懈褋薪褍褞 懈 泻械褉邪屑懈褔械褋泻褍褞 屑邪褋褌械褉褋泻懈械. 小褉械写懈 褋胁褟褌褘薪褜 芯斜懈褌械谢懈 - 褔邪褋褌懈褑邪 屑芯褖械泄 褋胁. <a href="/text/袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉 携褉芯褋谢邪胁懈褔 袧械胁褋泻懈泄.html"style="font-style:italic;">袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉邪 袧械胁褋泻芯谐芯</a>. 袙 1996-2000 谐谐. 斜褘谢懈 芯褌褉械褋褌邪胁褉懈褉芯胁邪薪褘 褋械褋褌褉懈薪褋泻懈泄 泻芯褉锌褍褋, 褋芯斜芯褉. 小械褋褌褉褘 芯斜懈褌械谢懈 锌褉芯胁芯写懈谢懈 褍褉芯泻懈 懈 斜械褋械写褘 胁 孝邪谢写芯屑褋泻芯屑 写械褌褋泻芯屑 写芯屑械, 褝泻褋泻褍褉褋懈懈 写谢褟 褕泻芯谢褜薪懈泻芯胁, 芯褉谐邪薪懈蟹芯胁邪薪薪褘械 孝邪谢写芯屑褋泻懈屑 屑褍蟹械械屑. 袙 薪邪褔. 屑邪褟 2000 谐. 胁 屑芯薪-褉械 褋谢褍褔懈谢褋褟 锌芯卸邪褉, 褋谐芯褉械谢懈 锌芯褔褌懈 胁褋械 锌芯褋褌褉芯泄泻懈 芯斜懈褌械谢懈, 泻褉芯屑械 褋芯斜芯褉邪; 薪邪褋械谢褜薪懈褑褘 胁褉械屑械薪薪芯 锌械褉械褋械谢懈谢懈褋褜 胁 斜谢懈蟹谢械卸邪褖懈械 写械褉械胁薪懈 孝邪谢写芯屑褋泻芯谐芯 褉-薪邪. </p> <div class="author"><span style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">小. 袞械谢薪懈薪, 袝. 袦邪褌胁械械胁邪</span></div></div> </div> <div class="see_also_kw"> <div class="header">袪褍斜褉懈泻懈:</div> <span><a href="/rubrics/121660.html">袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜</a></span> <meta itemprop="category" content="袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜" /> <span><a href="/rubrics/121672.html">袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜. 袦芯薪邪褋褌褘褉懈 (褋屑. 褌邪泻卸械 锌芯 锌械褉懈芯写邪屑)</a></span> <meta itemprop="category" content="袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜. 袦芯薪邪褋褌褘褉懈 (褋屑. 褌邪泻卸械 锌芯 锌械褉懈芯写邪屑)" /> <span><a href="/rubrics/121790.html">袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜. 小懈薪芯写邪谢褜薪褘泄 锌械褉懈芯写 (1700 - 1917 谐谐.)</a></span> <meta itemprop="category" content="袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜. 小懈薪芯写邪谢褜薪褘泄 锌械褉懈芯写 (1700 - 1917 谐谐.)" /> <span><a href="/rubrics/121802.html">袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜. 小懈薪芯写邪谢褜薪褘泄 锌械褉懈芯写 (1700 - 1917 谐谐.). 袦芯薪邪褋褌褘褉懈</a></span> <meta itemprop="category" content="袪褍褋褋泻邪褟 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 笑械褉泻芯胁褜. 小懈薪芯写邪谢褜薪褘泄 锌械褉懈芯写 (1700 - 1917 谐谐.). 袦芯薪邪褋褌褘褉懈" /> </div> <div class="see_also_kw"> <div class="header">袣谢褞褔械胁褘械 褋谢芯胁邪:</div> <span><a href="/search/keywords.html?kw=521563">袦芯薪邪褋褌褘褉懈 袪褍褋褋泻芯泄 袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪芯泄 笑械褉泻胁懈 (卸械薪.)</a></span> <span><a href="/search/keywords.html?kw=590998">袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻邪褟 械锌邪褉褏懈褟 袪袩笑, 芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪邪 1 褋械薪褌. 1742 谐. 泻邪泻 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻邪褟 懈 袙谢邪写懈屑懈褉褋泻邪褟, 芯褌写械谢械薪邪 芯褌 小懈薪芯写邪谢褜薪芯泄 芯斜谢邪褋褌懈</a></span> <span><a href="/search/keywords.html?kw=1219946">袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉芯-袧械胁褋泻懈泄 (袗谢械泻褋邪薪写褉芯胁褋泻懈泄) 卸械薪褋泻懈泄 屑芯薪邪褋褌褘褉褜 (袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 械锌邪褉褏懈懈) 胁 褋. 袦邪泻谢邪泻芯胁械 孝邪谢写芯屑褋泻芯谐芯 褉-薪邪 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 芯斜谢.</a></span> <div class="header">小屑.褌邪泻卸械:</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/77942.html">袘袝袥袨袩袝小袨笑袣袠袡 袙袨 袠袦携 小袙携孝袨袡 孝袪袨袠笑蝎 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋</a> 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 械锌邪褉褏懈懈</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/153223.html">袘袨袪袨袛袠袧小袣袠袡 袙袨 袠袦携 袧袝袪校袣袨孝袙袨袪袧袨袚袨 袨袘袪袗袟袗 小袩袗小袠孝袝袥携 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋</a> 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 械锌邪褉褏懈懈</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/153501.html">袘袪校小袝袧小袣袠袡 袙 效袝小孝鞋 校小袩袝袧袠携 袘袨袞袠袝袡 袦袗孝袝袪袠 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋</a> 胁 谐. 袣芯谢芯屑薪邪 (袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 械锌邪褉褏懈懈)</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/155033.html">袙袥袗啸袝袪袧小袣袨袡 袠袣袨袧蝎 袘袨袞袠袝袡 袦袗孝袝袪袠 袠 袧袝袪校袣袨孝袙袨袪袧袨袚袨 袨袘袪袗袟袗 小袩袗小袠孝袝袥携 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋</a> 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 械锌邪褉褏懈懈</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/182731.html">袟袗效袗孝袠携 袩袪袗袙袝袛袧袨袡 袗袧袧袨袡 袩袪袝小袙携孝袨袡 袘袨袚袨袪袨袛袠笑蝎 袞袝袧小袣袠袡 袦袨袧袗小孝蝎袪鞋</a> (c褌邪胁褉芯锌懈谐懈邪谢褜薪褘泄 袦袩 袪袩笑), 薪邪褏芯写懈褌褋褟 胁 袦芯褋泻胁械, 胁芯 2-屑 袟邪褔邪褌褜械胁褋泻芯屑 锌械褉., 写. 2, 斜谢懈蟹 褍谢. 袨褋褌芯卸械薪泻邪</div> <div class="article_in_list"><a href="/text/200057.html">袟袨小袠袦袨袙袗 袙袨 袠袦携 小袙携孝袨袡 孝袪袨袠笑蝎 袠 袙 效袝小孝鞋 小袦袨袥袝袧小袣袨袡 袠袣袨袧蝎 袘袨袞袠袝袡 袦袗孝袝袪袠 芦袨袛袠袚袠孝袪袠携禄 袞袝袧小袣袗携 袩校小孝蝎袧鞋</a> (袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯泄 械锌邪褉褏懈懈)</div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/highslide/highslide.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/highslide_cover.js"></script> <table class="onepixdot"><tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!--// container end //--> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!--// supercontainer end //--> </div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="footer"> <a href="https://fapmc.gov.ru/rospechat.html">协谢械泻褌褉芯薪薪邪褟 胁械褉褋懈褟 褉邪蟹褉邪斜芯褌邪薪邪 锌褉懈 褎懈薪邪薪褋芯胁芯泄 锌芯写写械褉卸泻械 肖械写械褉邪谢褜薪芯谐芯 邪谐械薪褌褋褌胁邪 锌芯 锌械褔邪褌懈 懈 屑邪褋褋芯胁褘屑 泻芯屑屑褍薪懈泻邪褑懈褟屑</a> <br /> © 1998 - 2023 笑械褉泻芯胁薪芯-薪邪褍褔薪褘泄 褑械薪褌褉 芦袩褉邪胁芯褋谢邪胁薪邪褟 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟禄. </div> <br clear="all" /> </body> </html>