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<div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%B5%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حديقة صخرية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حديقة صخرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaya_ba%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Qaya bağı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qaya bağı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Альпінарый – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Альпінарый" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Альпінарый – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Альпінарый" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Алпинеум – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алпинеум" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skalka_(zahrada)" title="Skalka (zahrada) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Skalka (zahrada)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steingarten" title="Steingarten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Steingarten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocalla" title="Rocalla – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rocalla" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrokaia" title="Arrokaia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arrokaia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="باغ صخره‌ای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باغ صخره‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocaille_(jardinage)" title="Rocaille (jardinage) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rocaille (jardinage)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%94%EC%84%9D%EC%9B%90" title="암석원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="암석원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giardino_roccioso" title="Giardino roccioso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giardino roccioso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕಲ್ಲೇರಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಲ್ಲೇರಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ალპინარიუმი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალპინარიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotstuin" title="Rotstuin – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rotstuin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3" title="ロックガーデン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロックガーデン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinbed" title="Steinbed – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Steinbed" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogr%C3%B3d_skalny" title="Ogród skalny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ogród skalny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kivikkopuutarha" title="Kivikkopuutarha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kivikkopuutarha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenparti" title="Stenparti – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stenparti" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பாறைத் தோட்டம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாறைத் தோட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayal%C4%B1k_bah%C3%A7e" title="Kayalık bahçe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kayalık bahçe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1141231#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Rock_garden_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Rock garden (disambiguation)">Rock garden (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Rockery" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Rockery_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Rockery (disambiguation)">Rockery (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rock_Garden_at_Wisley-geograph-2580831-by-Josie-Campbell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Rock_Garden_at_Wisley-geograph-2580831-by-Josie-Campbell.jpg/220px-Rock_Garden_at_Wisley-geograph-2580831-by-Josie-Campbell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Rock_Garden_at_Wisley-geograph-2580831-by-Josie-Campbell.jpg/330px-Rock_Garden_at_Wisley-geograph-2580831-by-Josie-Campbell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Rock_Garden_at_Wisley-geograph-2580831-by-Josie-Campbell.jpg/440px-Rock_Garden_at_Wisley-geograph-2580831-by-Josie-Campbell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Pool in the rock garden at <a href="/wiki/RHS_Wisley" class="mw-redirect" title="RHS Wisley">RHS Wisley</a>, wholly artificial and constructed in the 1920s.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rock_garden,_Castle_Archdale_-_geograph.org.uk_-_789456.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Rock_garden%2C_Castle_Archdale_-_geograph.org.uk_-_789456.jpg/250px-Rock_garden%2C_Castle_Archdale_-_geograph.org.uk_-_789456.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Rock_garden%2C_Castle_Archdale_-_geograph.org.uk_-_789456.jpg/375px-Rock_garden%2C_Castle_Archdale_-_geograph.org.uk_-_789456.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Rock_garden%2C_Castle_Archdale_-_geograph.org.uk_-_789456.jpg/500px-Rock_garden%2C_Castle_Archdale_-_geograph.org.uk_-_789456.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Rock garden, <a href="/wiki/Castle_Archdale" title="Castle Archdale">Castle Archdale</a>. These jagged rocks are typical of some parts of the lough shore. People used to transport them away for a feature for their gardens.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seiganji02s3872.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Seiganji02s3872.jpg/250px-Seiganji02s3872.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Seiganji02s3872.jpg/375px-Seiganji02s3872.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Seiganji02s3872.jpg/500px-Seiganji02s3872.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Seiganji in <a href="/wiki/Maibara" class="mw-redirect" title="Maibara">Maibara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shiga_prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiga prefecture">Shiga prefecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>rock garden</b>, also known as a <b>rockery</b> and formerly as a <b>rockwork</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Garden" title="Garden">garden</a>, or more often a part of a garden, with a landscaping framework of <a href="/wiki/Rock_(geology)" title="Rock (geology)">rocks</a>, stones, and gravel, with planting appropriate to this setting. Usually these are small <a href="/wiki/Alpine_plant" title="Alpine plant">Alpine plants</a> that need relatively little soil or water. Western rock gardens are often divided into <a href="/wiki/Alpine_garden" title="Alpine garden">alpine gardens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scree" title="Scree">scree</a> gardens on looser, smaller stones, and other rock gardens.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some rock gardens are planted around natural outcrops of rock, perhaps with some artificial landscaping, but most are entirely artificial, with both rocks and plants brought in. Some are designed and built to look like natural <a href="/wiki/Outcrop" title="Outcrop">outcrops</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bedrock" title="Bedrock">bedrock</a>. Stones are aligned to suggest a <a href="/wiki/Bedding_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Bedding plane">bedding plane</a>, and plants are often used to conceal the joints between said stones. This type of rockery was popular in Victorian times and usually created by professional <a href="/wiki/Landscape_architect" title="Landscape architect">landscape architects</a>. The same approach is sometimes used in commercial or modern-campus <a href="/wiki/Landscape_architecture" title="Landscape architecture">landscaping</a> but can also be applied in smaller private gardens. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese rock garden">Japanese rock garden</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Dry_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry garden">dry garden</a>, often referred to as a "Zen garden", is a special kind of rock garden with a few large rocks, and gravel over most of the surface, often raked in patterns, and no or very few plants. Other Chinese and Japanese gardens use rocks, singly or in groups, with more plants, and often set in grass, or next to flowing water. </p><p>Until the fairly recent past the removal for gardening purposes of both plants and stone from their natural wild locations has resulted in considerable problems, and many are now legally protected; English <a href="/wiki/Westmorland" title="Westmorland">Westmorland</a> <a href="/wiki/Limestone_pavement" title="Limestone pavement">limestone pavement</a> is one example.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_garden&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The use of rocks as decorative and symbolic elements in gardens can be traced back at least 1,500 years in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_garden" title="Chinese garden">Chinese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_garden" title="Japanese garden">Japanese gardens</a>. In China, large <a href="/wiki/Scholar%27s_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholar's rock">scholar's rocks</a>, preferably soft rocks such as <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> worn in river beds or waterfalls into fantastic shapes, were transported long distances to imperial and elite gardens. <i><a href="/wiki/Suseok" title="Suseok">Suseok</a></i> are the Korean equivalent; the smaller Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Suiseki" title="Suiseki">suiseki</a></i> are normally for indoor display.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially European artificial rockeries did not attempt to mimic natural scenes, and used exotic minerals such as <a href="/wiki/Feldspar" title="Feldspar">feldspars</a>, lava, and shells, with the plants chosen without a programme, though often including <a href="/wiki/Fern" title="Fern">ferns</a>. They were created in a similar spirit to the fashionable <a href="/wiki/Shell_grotto" title="Shell grotto">shell grotto</a>. This phase lasted from the late 17th century into the early 19th.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waterfall_in_Albion_Place_Gardens,_Ramsgate-geograph-4572203.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Waterfall_in_Albion_Place_Gardens%2C_Ramsgate-geograph-4572203.jpg/220px-Waterfall_in_Albion_Place_Gardens%2C_Ramsgate-geograph-4572203.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Waterfall_in_Albion_Place_Gardens%2C_Ramsgate-geograph-4572203.jpg/330px-Waterfall_in_Albion_Place_Gardens%2C_Ramsgate-geograph-4572203.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Waterfall_in_Albion_Place_Gardens%2C_Ramsgate-geograph-4572203.jpg/440px-Waterfall_in_Albion_Place_Gardens%2C_Ramsgate-geograph-4572203.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pulhamite" title="Pulhamite">Pulhamite</a> waterfall in Albion Place Gardens, <a href="/wiki/Ramsgate" title="Ramsgate">Ramsgate</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the Golden Age of Botany (early 1700s – mid-1800s), there was widespread interest in exotic plants imported to England and other European countries. Rock gardens dedicated to growing <a href="/wiki/Alpine_plant" title="Alpine plant">alpine plants</a> came to prominence in England from about the 1830s, and soon became a considerable craze. Firms could supply complete rockeries, at great expense. Initially many used <a href="/wiki/Artificial_stone" title="Artificial stone">artificial stone</a> or <a href="/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete">concrete</a>, sometimes painted, but "authentic" weathered stone came to be preferred. <a href="/wiki/Pulhamite" title="Pulhamite">Pulhamite</a> was a successful material, produced by the leading firm <a href="/wiki/James_Pulham_and_Son" title="James Pulham and Son">James Pulham and Son</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although others had previously written about growing alpine plants, a major work was <a href="/wiki/Reginald_Farrer" title="Reginald Farrer">Reginald Farrer</a>'s 1919 publication of his two-volume book, <i>The English Rock Garden.</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When quarrymen threw rocks at her during events campaigning for votes for women, British <a href="/wiki/Suffragette" title="Suffragette">suffragette</a> <a href="/wiki/Norah_Balls" title="Norah Balls">Norah Balls</a> picked the stones up and put them in her bag to take home to add to her rockery.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rock gardens have become increasingly popular as landscape features in tropical countries such as <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The combination of wet weather and heavy shade trees, along with the use of heavy <a href="/wiki/Plastic_mulch" title="Plastic mulch">plastic liners</a> to stop unwanted plant growth,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has made this type of arrangement ideal for both residential and commercial gardens due to its easier maintenance and drainage.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Canada, residents find that they help in yard cooling during the hot summer months.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Layouts">Layouts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_garden&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Layouts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The standard layout for a rock garden consists of a pile of aesthetically arranged rocks in different sizes, with small gaps between in which plants are rooted. Typically, plants found in rock gardens are small and do not grow larger than 1 meter in height,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though small trees and shrubs up to 6 meters may be used to create a shaded area for a <a href="/wiki/Woodland_garden" title="Woodland garden">woodland rock garden</a>. If used, they are often grown in troughs or low to the ground<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to avoid obscuring the eponymous rocks. The plants found in rock gardens are usually species that flourish in well-drained, <a href="/wiki/Soil" title="Soil">soil</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_garden&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daisen-in2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Japanese rock garden, A mountain, waterfall, and gravel "river" at Daisen-in (1509–1513)"><img alt="Japanese rock garden, A mountain, waterfall, and gravel "river" at Daisen-in (1509–1513)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Daisen-in2.jpg/90px-Daisen-in2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Daisen-in2.jpg/135px-Daisen-in2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Daisen-in2.jpg/180px-Daisen-in2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese rock garden">Japanese rock garden</a>, A mountain, waterfall, and gravel "river" at <a href="/wiki/Daisen-in" title="Daisen-in">Daisen-in</a> (1509–1513)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pool_University_Of_Alberta_Edmonton_Alberta_Canada_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pool in rock garden on the campus of University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada."><img alt="Pool in rock garden on the campus of University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pool_University_Of_Alberta_Edmonton_Alberta_Canada_01.jpg/120px-Pool_University_Of_Alberta_Edmonton_Alberta_Canada_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pool_University_Of_Alberta_Edmonton_Alberta_Canada_01.jpg/180px-Pool_University_Of_Alberta_Edmonton_Alberta_Canada_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pool_University_Of_Alberta_Edmonton_Alberta_Canada_01.jpg/240px-Pool_University_Of_Alberta_Edmonton_Alberta_Canada_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3887" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pool in rock garden on the campus of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">University of Alberta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, Canada.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gardens_in_Vatican_City_-_Cactaceae_-_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="In Vatican City, with succulents."><img alt="In Vatican City, with succulents." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gardens_in_Vatican_City_-_Cactaceae_-_2.jpg/120px-Gardens_in_Vatican_City_-_Cactaceae_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gardens_in_Vatican_City_-_Cactaceae_-_2.jpg/180px-Gardens_in_Vatican_City_-_Cactaceae_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gardens_in_Vatican_City_-_Cactaceae_-_2.jpg/240px-Gardens_in_Vatican_City_-_Cactaceae_-_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">In <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Succulent" class="mw-redirect" title="Succulent">succulents</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kew_Szikla.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kew Rock garden, Kew Gardens, London."><img alt="Kew Rock garden, Kew Gardens, London." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Kew_Szikla.jpg/120px-Kew_Szikla.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Kew_Szikla.jpg/180px-Kew_Szikla.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Kew_Szikla.jpg/240px-Kew_Szikla.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kew Rock garden, <a href="/wiki/Kew_Gardens" title="Kew Gardens">Kew Gardens</a>, London.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japaneseteagardensf.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hagiwara Japanese Tea Garden, a tea garden in San Francisco."><img alt="Hagiwara Japanese Tea Garden, a tea garden in San Francisco." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Japaneseteagardensf.jpg/120px-Japaneseteagardensf.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Japaneseteagardensf.jpg/180px-Japaneseteagardensf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Japaneseteagardensf.jpg/240px-Japaneseteagardensf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hagiwara_Japanese_Tea_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagiwara Japanese Tea Garden">Hagiwara Japanese Tea Garden</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Tea_garden" title="Tea garden">tea garden</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhanyuan_rockery.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lingnan-style rockery at Zhan Yuan, Guangdong."><img alt="Lingnan-style rockery at Zhan Yuan, Guangdong." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Zhanyuan_rockery.jpg/54px-Zhanyuan_rockery.jpg" decoding="async" width="54" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Zhanyuan_rockery.jpg/81px-Zhanyuan_rockery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Zhanyuan_rockery.jpg/108px-Zhanyuan_rockery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1816" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lingnan_garden" title="Lingnan garden">Lingnan</a>-style <a href="/wiki/Rockery" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockery">rockery</a> at <a href="/wiki/Zhan_Yuan" title="Zhan Yuan">Zhan Yuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_garden&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_garden_types" title="List of garden types">List of garden types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Garden,_Chandigarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock Garden, Chandigarh">Rock Garden, Chandigarh</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nek_Chand" title="Nek Chand">Nek Chand</a>, creator of the Rock Garden in Chandigarh, India.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_garden&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford, 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford, 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford, 12, 114-115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford, 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford, 462</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/13469"><i>Reginald Farrer, The English rock-garden</i></a>. 1919.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reginald+Farrer%2C+The+English+rock-garden&rft.date=1919&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fbibliography%2F13469&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson2022" class="citation web cs1">Henderson, Tony (2022-03-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/blue-plaque-tynemouth-commemorate-remarkable-23275626">"Blue plaque in Tynemouth to commemorate remarkable women's rights campaigner"</a>. <i>Chronicle Live</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chronicle+Live&rft.atitle=Blue+plaque+in+Tynemouth+to+commemorate+remarkable+women%27s+rights+campaigner&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chroniclelive.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorth-east-news%2Fblue-plaque-tynemouth-commemorate-remarkable-23275626&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren1996" class="citation book cs1">Warren, William (1996). <i>Thai Garden Style</i>. Singapore: Asia Books Co., Ltd.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thai+Garden+Style&rft.place=Singapore&rft.pub=Asia+Books+Co.%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thaigardendesign.com/landscaping/2009/11/thai-rock-gardens.html">"Thai Rock Gardens"</a>. Thai Garden Design<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thai+Rock+Gardens&rft.pub=Thai+Garden+Design&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thaigardendesign.com%2Flandscaping%2F2009%2F11%2Fthai-rock-gardens.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thaigardendesign.com/landscaping/2013/01/plant-maintenance-a-pain-stone-gardens-are-the-way-to-go.html">"Plant Maintenance a Pain? Stone Gardens Are the Way To Go!"</a>. Thai Garden Design<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plant+Maintenance+a+Pain%3F+Stone+Gardens+Are+the+Way+To+Go%21&rft.pub=Thai+Garden+Design&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thaigardendesign.com%2Flandscaping%2F2013%2F01%2Fplant-maintenance-a-pain-stone-gardens-are-the-way-to-go.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=STND&u=mlin_n_umass&id=GALE%7CA635704963&v=2.1&it=r&sid=STND&asid=e367e270&password=NostimonHmar&ugroup=outside">"Gale OneFile: News - Document - From pool to pavilion: Dundas home owner swaps backyard swimming for rock garden"</a>. <i>go.gale.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=go.gale.com&rft.atitle=Gale+OneFile%3A+News+-+Document+-+From+pool+to+pavilion%3A+Dundas+home+owner+swaps+backyard+swimming+for+rock+garden.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgo.gale.com%2Fps%2Fi.do%3Fp%3DSTND%26u%3Dmlin_n_umass%26id%3DGALE%257CA635704963%26v%3D2.1%26it%3Dr%26sid%3DSTND%26asid%3De367e270%26password%3DNostimonHmar%26ugroup%3Doutside&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=838">"Rock Gardening: plants"</a>. Royal Horticulture Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rock+Gardening%3A+plants&rft.pub=Royal+Horticulture+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2Fadvice%2Fprofile%3FPID%3D838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=941">"Sink and trough gardening"</a>. Royal Horticulture Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sink+and+trough+gardening&rft.pub=Royal+Horticulture+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2Fadvice%2Fprofile%3Fpid%3D941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARock+garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_garden&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"HEALD", <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heald.nga.gov/mediawiki/index.php/Project_Introduction">History of Early American Landscape Design</a></i>, Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, National Gallery of Art (Washington DC). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heald.nga.gov/mediawiki/index.php/Rockwork/Rockery">"Rockwork/Rockery" by Anne L. Helmreich</a></li> <li>"Oxford": <i>The Oxford Companion to Gardens</i>, eds. <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Jellicoe" title="Geoffrey Jellicoe">Geoffrey Jellicoe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susan_Jellicoe" title="Susan Jellicoe">Susan Jellicoe</a>, Patrick Goode and Michael Lancaster, 1986, OUP, ISBN 0192861387</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Uglow" title="Jenny Uglow">Uglow, Jenny</a>, <i>A Little History of British Gardening</i>, 2004, Chatto & Windus, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0701169281" title="Special:BookSources/0701169281">0701169281</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rock_garden&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rock_gardens" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Rock gardens">Rock gardens</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003234758/http://www.iran-omantour.com/English/Pages/alpines_and_gardens.htm">Alpines and Gardens</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greekmountainflora.info">Greek Mountain Flora</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://landscaping.about.com/cs/rockgardens1/a/land_solutions.htm">FAQ on Rock Gardens</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061111080053/http://www.thealpinegarden.com/">The Alpine Garden, Rock Gardening on the Net</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090117152819/https://listserv.surfnet.nl/archives/alpine-l.html">Alpine-L mailing list</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nargs.org">North American Rock Garden Society homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srgc.org.uk/">Scottish Rock Garden Club homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/about-the-rhs/pdfs/publications/lindley-library-occasional-papers/volume-6-may-2011.pdf">The British Rock Garden in the Twentieth Century</a> - Occasional Papers from the RHS Lindley Library, volume 6, May 2011.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Horticulture_and_gardening" title="Template:Horticulture and gardening"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Horticulture_and_gardening" title="Template talk:Horticulture and gardening"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Horticulture_and_gardening" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Horticulture and gardening"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Horticulture_and_gardening" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Horticulture" title="Horticulture">Horticulture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gardening" title="Gardening">gardening</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gardening" title="Gardening">Gardening</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allotment_(gardening)" title="Allotment (gardening)">Allotment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arboretum" title="Arboretum">Arboretum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butterfly_gardening" title="Butterfly gardening">Butterfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate-friendly_gardening" title="Climate-friendly gardening">Climate-friendly gardening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_gardening" title="Community gardening">Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_gardening" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest gardening">Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foodscaping" title="Foodscaping">Foodscaping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_intensive_gardening" title="French intensive gardening">French intensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden" title="Garden">Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_design" title="Garden design">Garden design</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_garden_design" title="Computer-aided garden design">computer-aided</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groundskeeping" title="Groundskeeping">Groundskeeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_tool" title="Garden tool">Garden tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_wall" title="Green wall">Green wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_gardening" title="Guerrilla gardening">Guerrilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_historic_gardens" title="Conservation and restoration of historic gardens">Historic conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_gardening" title="History of gardening">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_landscaping" title="Natural landscaping">Native</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parterre" title="Parterre">Parterre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proplifting" title="Proplifting">Proplifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raised-bed_gardening" title="Raised-bed gardening">Raised bed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_foot_gardening" title="Square foot gardening">Square foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_gardening" title="Sustainable gardening">Sustainable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xeriscaping" title="Xeriscaping">Xeriscaping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_garden_types" title="List of garden types">Types of<br />gardens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_garden" title="Alpine garden">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Gardens of ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardening_in_Australia" title="Gardening in Australia">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Back garden">Back</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_garden" title="Baroque garden">Baroque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_garden" title="Biblical garden">Biblical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bog_garden" title="Bog garden">Bog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botanical_garden" title="Botanical garden">Botanical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottle_garden" title="Bottle garden">Bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butterfly_house" title="Butterfly house">Butterfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_gardens" title="Byzantine gardens">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cactus_garden" title="Cactus garden">Cactus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Revival_garden" title="Colonial Revival garden">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Color garden">Color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communal_garden" title="Communal garden">Communal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garden_square" title="Garden square">Garden square</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_gardening" title="Community gardening">Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Container_garden" title="Container garden">Container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottage_garden" title="Cottage garden">Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_garden" title="Dutch garden">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian garden">East Asian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_garden" title="Chinese garden">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingnan_garden" title="Lingnan garden">Cantonese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_garden" title="Japanese garden">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roji" title="Roji">Roji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese rock garden">Zen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_garden" title="Korean garden">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B2n_non_b%E1%BB%99" title="Hòn non bộ">Vietnamese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_landscape_garden" title="English landscape garden">English</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sharawadgi" title="Sharawadgi">Sharawadgi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernery" title="Fernery">Fernery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinampa" title="Chinampa">Floating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_garden" title="Flower garden">Flower</a></li> <li>French <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_formal_garden" title="French formal garden">formal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_landscape_garden" title="French landscape garden">landscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_the_French_Renaissance" title="Gardens of the French Renaissance">Renaissance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_yard" title="Front yard">Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_garden" title="German garden">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek gardens">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse" title="Greenhouse">Greenhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanging_garden_(cultivation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanging garden (cultivation)">Hanging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_garden" title="Islamic garden">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_garden" title="Italian Renaissance garden">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyhole_garden" title="Keyhole garden">Keyhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_garden" title="Kitchen garden">Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knot_garden" title="Knot garden">Knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_garden" title="Market garden">Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_garden" title="Mary garden">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_garden" title="Medieval garden">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastic_garden" title="Monastic garden">Monastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_garden" title="Mughal garden">Mughal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchard" title="Orchard">Orchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekarangan" title="Pekarangan">Indonesian home garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_gardens" title="Persian gardens">Persian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C4%81gh_(garden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bāgh (garden)">Bāgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charbagh" title="Charbagh">Charbagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_garden" title="Paradise garden">Paradise</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physic_garden" title="Physic garden">Physic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasure_garden" title="Pleasure garden">Pleasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie#Prairie_garden" title="Prairie">Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollinator_garden" title="Pollinator garden">Pollinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rain_garden" title="Rain garden">Rain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_gardens" title="Roman gardens">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roof_garden" title="Roof garden">Roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_garden" title="Rose garden">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_garden" title="Sacred garden">Sacred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_garden" title="School garden">School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardening_in_Scotland" title="Gardening in Scotland">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture_garden" title="Sculpture garden">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensory_garden" title="Sensory garden">Sensory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shade_garden" title="Shade garden">Shade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_garden" title="Shakespeare garden">Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrubbery" title="Shrubbery">Shrubbery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_garden" title="Spanish garden">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_garden" title="Tea garden">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therapeutic_garden" title="Therapeutic garden">Therapeutic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_garden" title="Trial garden">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_garden" title="Tropical garden">Tropical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_garden" title="Victory garden">Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walled_garden" title="Walled garden">Walled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_garden" title="Water garden">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_garden" title="Wildlife garden">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_garden" title="Winter garden">Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoo" title="Zoo">Zoological</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Horticulture" title="Horticulture">Horticulture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permaculture" title="Permaculture">Permaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal-free_agriculture" title="Animal-free agriculture">stock-free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_agriculture" title="Sustainable agriculture">sustainable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_agriculture" title="Urban agriculture">urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arboriculture" title="Arboriculture">Arboriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonsai" title="Bonsai">Bonsai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saikei" title="Saikei">Saikei</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">Botany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companion_planting" title="Companion planting">Companion planting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crop" title="Crop">Crop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_valuable_crops_and_livestock_products" title="List of most valuable crops and livestock products">most valuable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutting_(plant)" title="Cutting (plant)">Cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horticultural_flora" title="Horticultural flora">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floriculture" title="Floriculture">Floriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Floriculture_in_Canada" title="Floriculture in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floriculture_in_Taiwan" title="Floriculture in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCgelkultur" title="Hügelkultur">Hügelkultur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomology" title="Pomology">Fruticulture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_tree" title="Genetically modified tree">Genetically modified tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroculture">Hydroculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_horticulture" title="Indigenous horticulture">Indigenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercropping" title="Intercropping">Intercropping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landscape_architecture" title="Landscape architecture">Landscape architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olericulture" title="Olericulture">Olericulture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plant_breeding" title="Plant breeding">breeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuttings_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuttings (plant)">cuttings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-flowering" title="Free-flowering">free-flowering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_propagation" title="Plant propagation">propagation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drought_tolerance" title="Drought tolerance">drought tolerance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardiness_(plants)" title="Hardiness (plants)">hardiness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomology" title="Pomology">Pomology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postharvest_physiology" class="mw-redirect" title="Postharvest physiology">Postharvest physiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roguing" title="Roguing">Roguing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_horticulture" title="Tropical horticulture">Tropical</a></li> <li>Urban <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_agriculture" title="Urban agriculture">agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_horticulture" title="Urban horticulture">horticulture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_forestry" title="Urban forestry">forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_reforestation" title="Urban reforestation">reforestation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">Viticulture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoculture" title="Monoculture">Monoculture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organic_horticulture" title="Organic horticulture">Organic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodynamic_agriculture" title="Biodynamic agriculture">Biodynamic agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafting" title="Grafting">Grafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_organic_gardening_and_farming" title="Outline of organic gardening and farming">List of organic gardening and farming topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_organic_agriculture" title="Vegan organic agriculture">Vegan organic agriculture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plant protection</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fungicide" title="Fungicide">Fungicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbicide" title="Herbicide">Herbicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_pesticide_articles" title="Index of pesticide articles">Index of pesticide articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fungicides" title="List of fungicides">List of fungicides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_insecticides" title="List of insecticides">List of insecticides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesticide" title="Pesticide">Pesticide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_disease_forecasting" title="Plant disease forecasting">Plant disease forecasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pruning" title="Pruning">Pruning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weed_control" title="Weed control">Weed control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquamog" title="Aquamog">Aquamog weed remover</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_orchard" title="Community orchard">Community orchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_garden_features" title="List of garden features">Features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floral_design" title="Floral design">Floral design</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Floristry" title="Floristry">Floristry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikebana" title="Ikebana">Ikebana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groundskeeping" title="Groundskeeping">Groundskeeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_centre" title="Garden centre">Garden centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_tourism" title="Garden tourism">Garden tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gardens" title="List of gardens">List of gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_plants" title="Lists of plants">Lists of plants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perennial" title="Perennial">Perennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_collecting" title="Plant collecting">Plant collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turf_management" title="Turf management">Turf management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France_Loiret_La_Bussiere_Potager_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/France_Loiret_La_Bussiere_Potager_05.jpg/32px-France_Loiret_La_Bussiere_Potager_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" 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