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Ivanhoe’s introduction to his Readings from the Lu-Wang School of Neo-Confucianism, he argues convincingly that the Ming-era Neo-Confucian philosopher Wang Yang-ming (1472–1529) was much more influenced by Buddhism (especially Zen’s" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/JoshuaHall" /> <meta name="description" content="In Philip J. Ivanhoe’s introduction to his Readings from the Lu-Wang School of Neo-Confucianism, he argues convincingly that the Ming-era Neo-Confucian philosopher Wang Yang-ming (1472–1529) was much more influenced by Buddhism (especially Zen’s" /> <title>(PDF) Nerve/Nurses of the Cosmic Doctor: Wang Yang-ming on Self-Awareness as World-Awareness | Joshua M Hall - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/39150513/Nerve_Nurses_of_the_Cosmic_Doctor_Wang_Yang_ming_on_Self_Awareness_as_World_Awareness" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732471089000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732471089000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"In Philip J. Ivanhoe’s introduction to his Readings from the Lu-Wang School of Neo-Confucianism, he argues convincingly that the Ming-era Neo-Confucian philosopher Wang Yang-ming (1472–1529) was much more influenced by Buddhism (especially Zen’s Platform Sutra) than has generally been recognized. In light of this influence, and the centrality of questions of selfhood in Buddhism, in this article I will explore the theme of selfhood in Wang’s Neo-Confucianism. Put as a mantra, for Wang “self-awareness is world-awareness.” My central image for this mantra is the entire cosmos anthropomorphized as a doctor engaged in constant self-diagnosis, in which effort s/he is assisted by an entire staff of the nerves/nurses—individual humans enlightened as Wangian sages. In short, I will argue that the world for Wang could be meaningfully understood as a mindful, self-healing body within which humans are the sensitive nerves, using our mindful awareness to direct attention to the affected areas when injury or disease occurs. We are, and must thus recognize that we are, the bold but sensitive nervous system of the cosmos, sharing (like neurons) our loving excitement, carrying out (like a medical nurse) the doctor’s orders for the self-care of our cosmic body/medical corps.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Joshua M Hall"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2019-05-16","dateModified":null,"datePublished":"2016-01-01","headline":"Nerve/Nurses of the Cosmic Doctor: Wang Yang-ming on Self-Awareness as World-Awareness","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Asian Studies","Philosophy","Wang Yangming 王陽明　(Yomeigaku 陽明学)"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Asian Philosophy","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/39150513/Nerve_Nurses_of_the_Cosmic_Doctor_Wang_Yang_ming_on_Self_Awareness_as_World_Awareness","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"ua-birmingham"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":39150513,"created_at":"2019-05-16T08:11:52.655-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-16T05:46:34.244-08:00","_data":{"doi":"10.1080/09552367.2016.1164793","abstract":"In Philip J. Ivanhoe’s introduction to his Readings from the Lu-Wang School of Neo-Confucianism, he argues convincingly that the Ming-era Neo-Confucian philosopher Wang Yang-ming (1472–1529) was much more influenced by Buddhism (especially Zen’s Platform Sutra) than has generally been recognized. In light of this influence, and the centrality of questions of selfhood in Buddhism, in this article I will explore the theme of selfhood in Wang’s Neo-Confucianism. Put as a mantra, for Wang “self-awareness is world-awareness.” My central image for this mantra is the entire cosmos anthropomorphized as a doctor engaged in constant self-diagnosis, in which effort s/he is assisted by an entire staff of the nerves/nurses—individual humans enlightened as Wangian sages. In short, I will argue that the world for Wang could be meaningfully understood as a mindful, self-healing body within which humans are the sensitive nerves, using our mindful awareness to direct attention to the affected areas when injury or disease occurs. We are, and must thus recognize that we are, the bold but sensitive nervous system of the cosmos, sharing (like neurons) our loving excitement, carrying out (like a medical nurse) the doctor’s orders for the self-care of our cosmic body/medical corps.","publication_date":"2016,,","publication_name":"Asian Philosophy"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Nerve/Nurses of the Cosmic Doctor: Wang Yang-ming on Self-Awareness as World-Awareness","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [113466807]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":59274207,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Nerve/Nurses of the Cosmic Doctor: Wang Yang-ming on Self-Awareness as World-Awareness”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/59274207/mini_magick20190516-14438-8vzjb.png?1558020593" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Nerve/Nurses of the Cosmic Doctor: Wang Yang-ming on Self-Awareness as World-Awareness</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="113466807" href="https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/JoshuaHall"><img alt="Profile image of Joshua M Hall" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/113466807/27175611/142026662/s65_joshua.hall.jpg" />Joshua M Hall</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016, Asian Philosophy</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">In Philip J. Ivanhoe’s introduction to his Readings from the Lu-Wang School of Neo-Confucianism, he argues convincingly that the Ming-era Neo-Confucian philosopher Wang Yang-ming (1472–1529) was much more influenced by Buddhism (especially Zen’s Platform Sutra) than has generally been recognized. In light of this influence, and the centrality of questions of selfhood in Buddhism, in this article I will explore the theme of selfhood in Wang’s Neo-Confucianism. Put as a mantra, for Wang “self-awareness is world-awareness.” My central image for this mantra is the entire cosmos anthropomorphized as a doctor engaged in constant self-diagnosis, in which effort s/he is assisted by an entire staff of the nerves/nurses—individual humans enlightened as Wangian sages. In short, I will argue that the world for Wang could be meaningfully understood as a mindful, self-healing body within which humans are the sensitive nerves, using our mindful awareness to direct attention to the affected areas when injury or disease occurs. We are, and must thus recognize that we are, the bold but sensitive nervous system of the cosmos, sharing (like neurons) our loving excitement, carrying out (like a medical nurse) the doctor’s orders for the self-care of our cosmic body/medical corps.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":59274207,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/39150513/Nerve_Nurses_of_the_Cosmic_Doctor_Wang_Yang_ming_on_Self_Awareness_as_World_Awareness"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":59274207,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/39150513/Nerve_Nurses_of_the_Cosmic_Doctor_Wang_Yang_ming_on_Self_Awareness_as_World_Awareness"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="59274207" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/39150513/Nerve_Nurses_of_the_Cosmic_Doctor_Wang_Yang_ming_on_Self_Awareness_as_World_Awareness" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="100121173" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100121173/Response_to_Wenge_Huangs_Altered_States_of_Consciousness">Response to Wenge Huang's Altered States of Consciousness</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46719194" href="https://independent.academia.edu/hughmoonacademiaedu">hugh S moon</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Huang has provided a schemata of Buddhist awakening with accessible bullet points that serve as comparisons between Theravada and Mahayana teachings. The aim of all my blogs is to place "single-moment-awareness," and equivalents, within the purview of Western observers as both possible and replicable. CONCLUSION: Nichiren Buddhism provides a replicable, transpersonal experiential of "original enlightenment" for our time based on a lotus inner-cosmology (Major Writings, hereafter WND-2: 845). While many Hinayana principles (e.g., vispassana) carry over to Lotus devotees, it is unclear what practical significance these moribund teachings would have outside of a comparative modality. Since the "fruit of Buddhahood" (WND1: 146) comports to "Absolute Subjectivity," no positivism is applicable. However, the Daishonin employed two discursive phenomenologies: absolute myo & comparative myo (WND2: 63). Perhaps, 85% of his gosho zenshu incorporates the comparative modalities of entity and metaphor as he dissects the entire scope of Buddhism, all under the rubric of a replicable self-realization based on the Lotus Sutra. See the hongaku shiso model in Original Enlightenment... by Jacqueline I. Stone; 1999, chapter seven. Nevertheless, the actual path is more aligned to a secret art of imagination; preparing the heart for a recovery of primordial memory. Japan is acculturated to deductive intuition based on the non-self. Western philosophy and psychology, based on the Logos, is, largely, egocentric and shorn of both non-self and shunyata. Regardless, and in tandem with the gosho zenshu, Jungian-Archetypal and Yogacara Psychologies provide gateway teachings along with those of Ken Wilber. We can include H. Bergson (1859-1941), who intuited many aspects of Chih-i's Three thousand worlds simultaneously emerging in a single life-moment, which forms the fundamental theoretical foundation and meditative principle underwriting the Daishonin's "existential-lotus-therapy." Whereas Chih-i found essentiality in the "true aspect of all phenomena" (Jp. shoho jisso)-located in the "Expedient Means," and around which his insights and meditations emerged as provisional theory, i.e. shakumon to ri no ichinen sanzen-Nichiren pointed to the hidden essence of the Lotus Sutra in the "Life-Span" chapter, specifically the one chapter and two halves: incorporating the preparation; revelation and transmission of Buddhahood, all at once and for all time, in his "single-word" teaching of actuality, i.e. hommon to ji no ichinen sanzen. The synthesis and simplification is remarkable; a key feature stemming from Mt. T'ien-tai and Tendai Buddhism. Nonetheless, from the point of view of lotus realization, wherein the intrinsic nature of thought is penetrated experientially, all teachings: Hinayana and Mahayana; provisional and true; Buddhist and Non-Buddhist, become merged into oneness. Recently I revisited the science around the "Zhabotinsky Reaction," wherein I located an interference pattern similar to Quantum Mechanics. I lifted a surprising metaphor: an interaction midway between life and non-life. This perfectly describes the revelation of the Lotus Fruit. Two Faces of Daimoku I completed a general epistemological survey of Nichiren Buddhism, as "Nonlinear-Reverse-Interference-Cancellation" under scientific and psychological laws of nature. It also elevated a "Lotus-inner-cosmology" to a "participatory enactment" around "single-moment-awareness." Now I turn to the "correct practice" and direct meditative means for Westerners to access the Daishonin's faith and revelation. Focus on the 'Myo' ideogram as the "clear-mirror" of your one-mind, intrinsically groundless, and cancel all thought impediments through concentrated "daimoku." This introspective understanding has yet to catalyze because the non-cognitive and non-discursive methods of Japanese followers suggest that they do not have sufficient capacities to reinforce and sustain "cognitive means and introspective meditation," or they choose to avoid it. Yet, this is our Western pathway based on Indo-European syntax informing an ego-complex. However, Japan does possess an incomparable jewel of "daimoku," but it is concealed in a cultural "Black-Hole." The Daishonin discusses "kanjin," but it is not yet attuned to the West. We cannot access its intended use to surmount ego and all ideation. Our greatest need is to understand a potential for Buddhahood that does not appear on our radar screens; the entire rationale behind the Lotus Sutra. To redress this imbalance and disconnect, I employ the "expedient means" teachings of T'ien-t'ai, in the form of "Stopping and Seeing," from an abbreviated "Maka Shikan." He acts as an expert mediator between India and Japan that conserves Lotus ontology. What I attempt here is to resurrect and leverage T'ien-t'ai's cognitive discourse and meditative introspection by applying it directly to the methodologies of Nichiren Buddhism. "Stopping and Seeing" now takes place within "daimoku" - chanting of Nam-myoho-renge-kyo to a honzon. This maneuver can be understood as "correct practice" in the Latter Day. We will prepare our study and condition our daimoku to respond to an unconscious equalization prefigured in the Lotus Sutra that delivers "Buddhahood for all" (LS-2) in the single-moment. "The unconscious must be altered" (Ikeda; 1985). I close with Nietzsche's "Perspectivism."</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Response to Wenge Huang's Altered States of Consciousness","attachmentId":101029622,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100121173/Response_to_Wenge_Huangs_Altered_States_of_Consciousness","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/100121173/Response_to_Wenge_Huangs_Altered_States_of_Consciousness"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="38844617" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38844617/Rethinking_the_concept_of_mindfulness_A_Neo_Confucian_approach">Rethinking the concept of mindfulness: A Neo-Confucian approach</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35581807" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CharleneTan52">Charlene Tan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Philosophy of Education, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article expounds on a neo-Confucian approach to mindfulness by drawing upon the writings of Zhu Xi. I argue that Zhu Xi's notion of mindfulness is encapsulated in the concept of jing that refers to the single-minded and reverential attention to self-cultivation through gewu (investigation of things). The desired outcome of mindfulness is the attainment of perfect goodness where one responds with sagely ease to affairs in everyday life. In contrast to the dominant focus on the self, present-state awareness and non-evaluation in Chan Buddhism, Zhu Xi's construal of mindfulness stresses interdependent relationships, social contribution and ethical purpose. Such a conception motivates learners to seek continuous self-improvement and focused engagement with others. A major critique of Zhu Xi's formulation of mindfulness is that it entails a whole-school approach and lifelong pursuit which are difficult to achieve in contemporary schooling conditions.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rethinking the concept of mindfulness: A Neo-Confucian approach","attachmentId":58939061,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38844617/Rethinking_the_concept_of_mindfulness_A_Neo_Confucian_approach","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38844617/Rethinking_the_concept_of_mindfulness_A_Neo_Confucian_approach"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="40138197" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40138197/C_Pierce_Salguero_Healing_and_or_Salvation_The_Relationship_Between_Religion_and_Medicine_in_Medieval_Chinese_Buddhism_4_">C. Pierce Salguero: "Healing and/or Salvation? The Relationship Between Religion and Medicine in Medieval Chinese Buddhism" (# 4)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="123217542" href="https://uni-leipzig1.academia.edu/multiplesecularities">Kolleg-Forschungsgruppe "Multiple Secularities - Beyond the West, Beyond Modernities"</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Working Paper Series of the HCAS "Multiple Secularities - Beyond the West, Beyond Modernities", 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A wide variety of Buddhist writings originating on the Indian subcontinent and elsewhere in South and Southeast Asia were translated into Chinese between the mid-second and the early eleventh centuries C.E. As this material was read, digested, commented upon, and integrated into daily life, Chinese audiences came to be familiar with Buddhism’s basic teaching that overcoming all forms of suffering (Ch. ku 苦; Skt. duḥkha) is its core function. As one of the most obvious forms of suffering encountered in everyday human life, illness was a frequent topic of concern in these discourses. Of particular concern was the question of the relationship between the alleviation of the suffering of illness and the total, final salvation from suffering of all kinds (commonly referred to as Ch. niepan 涅槃; Skt. nirvāṇa; among other terms). This question appears and reappears across the genres of the Buddhist canon. From sūtras (loosely meaning “scriptures”), to disciplinary texts, ritual manuals, narratives, parables, philosophical treatises, and poetry, illness and healing are everywhere in Buddhist literature.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"C. Pierce Salguero: \"Healing and/or Salvation? The Relationship Between Religion and Medicine in Medieval Chinese Buddhism\" (# 4)","attachmentId":67360073,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40138197/C_Pierce_Salguero_Healing_and_or_Salvation_The_Relationship_Between_Religion_and_Medicine_in_Medieval_Chinese_Buddhism_4_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40138197/C_Pierce_Salguero_Healing_and_or_Salvation_The_Relationship_Between_Religion_and_Medicine_in_Medieval_Chinese_Buddhism_4_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="75021598" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75021598/Journal_of_Buddhist_Philosophy_Volume_4_Issue_1_03_2022_">Journal of Buddhist Philosophy Volume #4, Issue #1 (03:2022)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="20336588" href="https://independent.academia.edu/enseika">HE Yansheng (何燕生)</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Journal of Buddhist Philosophy Volume #4, Issue #1 (03:2022)","attachmentId":82960296,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/75021598/Journal_of_Buddhist_Philosophy_Volume_4_Issue_1_03_2022_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/75021598/Journal_of_Buddhist_Philosophy_Volume_4_Issue_1_03_2022_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="37265519" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37265519/Asian_Philosophy_An_International_Journal_of_the_Philosophical_Traditions_of_the_East_The_problem_of_mind_in_Confucianism">Asian Philosophy An International Journal of the Philosophical Traditions of the East The problem of mind in Confucianism</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="76167" href="https://utsa.academia.edu/XunwuChen">Xunwu Chen</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Asian Philosophy An International Journal of the Philosophical Traditions of the East The problem of mind in Confucianism","attachmentId":57219324,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37265519/Asian_Philosophy_An_International_Journal_of_the_Philosophical_Traditions_of_the_East_The_problem_of_mind_in_Confucianism","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37265519/Asian_Philosophy_An_International_Journal_of_the_Philosophical_Traditions_of_the_East_The_problem_of_mind_in_Confucianism"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="3519685" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3519685/AN_EARLY_QING_CRITIQUE_OF_THE_PHILOSOPHY_OF_MIND_HEART_XIN_THE_CONFUCIAN_QUEST_FOR_DOCTRINAL_PURITY_AND_THE_DOXIC_ROLE_OF_CHAN_BUDDHISM">AN EARLY QING CRITIQUE OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF MIND-HEART (XIN): THE CONFUCIAN QUEST FOR DOCTRINAL PURITY AND THE DOXIC ROLE OF CHAN BUDDHISM</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3122507" href="https://psu-us.academia.edu/OnchoNg">On-cho Ng</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Chinese Philosophy, 1999</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"AN EARLY QING CRITIQUE OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF MIND-HEART (XIN): THE CONFUCIAN QUEST FOR DOCTRINAL PURITY AND THE DOXIC ROLE OF CHAN BUDDHISM","attachmentId":50250099,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3519685/AN_EARLY_QING_CRITIQUE_OF_THE_PHILOSOPHY_OF_MIND_HEART_XIN_THE_CONFUCIAN_QUEST_FOR_DOCTRINAL_PURITY_AND_THE_DOXIC_ROLE_OF_CHAN_BUDDHISM","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3519685/AN_EARLY_QING_CRITIQUE_OF_THE_PHILOSOPHY_OF_MIND_HEART_XIN_THE_CONFUCIAN_QUEST_FOR_DOCTRINAL_PURITY_AND_THE_DOXIC_ROLE_OF_CHAN_BUDDHISM"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="95966350" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95966350/Wang_Yangming_and_the_mind_body_problem_zhixing_heiyi_and_the_problem_of_objective_knowledge">Wang Yangming and the mind-body problem: zhixing heiyi and the problem of objective knowledge</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28293539" href="https://uncc.academia.edu/McKenzieLinden">McKenzie Linden</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Wang Yangming 王阳明 was a revolutionary Neo-Confucian thinker, whose work helped to revitalize the Confucian philosophical tradition. Wang's notion of zhixingheyi(知⾏合⼀), 'the unity of knowledge and action', is usually interpreted as part and parcel with his ethical guidelines, and indeed the Chuan Xi Lu (传习录) demonstrates that he conceived of this unity as one between knowledge of the good and the manifestation of it in all of one's actions. Other interpretations, however are possible with the help of textual evidence, and show that Wang's theory of zhixingheyi applies not only to the realm of human-constructed norms (like morality or filial piety) but also to the objective world itself. This conclusion can be drawn by interpreting Wang's use of the term wu (物) not just as ideas, but also objects. When interpreted so, connections between Wang's thesis and the ageless philosophical problem of knowing the objective world become evident. Contemporary consciousness studies, fundamental physics and philosophy of mind have all posited answers to the question of metaphysical knowledge, but each answer seems to stem from the presumption that the mind and the physical world are ontologically distinct. Ultimately, many investigations conclude that the best method of inquiry is to look 'within.' Wang's thought does not engage directly in this conversation, and his ideas, of course, pre-date the modern era. However, a serious and thoughtful interpretation of his work evokes the notion that he was not just aware of the difficulties involved in 'knowing the objective world,' but that he also actively put forth a solution. The theory of zhixingheyi, when interpreted as referring to the physical world, indicates that just as the objective world shapes what we perceive, our perceptions actively affect change upon the world.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Wang Yangming and the mind-body problem: zhixing heiyi and the problem of objective knowledge","attachmentId":97997271,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95966350/Wang_Yangming_and_the_mind_body_problem_zhixing_heiyi_and_the_problem_of_objective_knowledge","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/95966350/Wang_Yangming_and_the_mind_body_problem_zhixing_heiyi_and_the_problem_of_objective_knowledge"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="44485939" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44485939/The_debate_at_the_spring_of_heaven_Neo_Confucian_epistemology_and_some_forgotten_foundations_of_Chinese_humanism">The debate at the spring of heaven: Neo-Confucian epistemology and some forgotten foundations of Chinese humanism</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7238285" href="https://uni-aas.academia.edu/JanaRosker">Jana Rosker</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Communication of Chinese Culture, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Qian Dehong (1496-1574) and Wang Ji (1498-1583), the two best known disciples of Wang Yangming's (1472-1529) School of Heart-Mind, represent two fundamental currents in the later Neo-Confucian epistemology. The present article follows the well-known assumption that two similar currents could also be observed in the parallel development of the Chan-Buddhist theories of perception or, theosophically speaking, in their teachings of salvation. This similarity is not accidental, for it is known that the teachings of the School of Heart-Mind-at least in part-were based on certain crucial paradigms of Buddhist philosophy, especially with regard to their theories of perception. However, these elements were integrated in a very latent and indirect way into the Neo-Confucian teachings, because the main focus of Qian and Wang's efforts was to establish a new view of man and their methods of gaining knowledge. These theoretical endeavors can be seen as a shift in the late Neo-Confucian perception of humanity, which could have led to more autochthonous forms of a specifically Chinese enlightenment.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The debate at the spring of heaven: Neo-Confucian epistemology and some forgotten foundations of Chinese humanism","attachmentId":64917870,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44485939/The_debate_at_the_spring_of_heaven_Neo_Confucian_epistemology_and_some_forgotten_foundations_of_Chinese_humanism","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44485939/The_debate_at_the_spring_of_heaven_Neo_Confucian_epistemology_and_some_forgotten_foundations_of_Chinese_humanism"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="7208050" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7208050/_Treating_Illness_Translation_of_a_Chapter_from_a_Medieval_Chinese_Buddhist_Meditation_Manual_by_Zhiyi_538_597_Revised_version_included_in_Salguero_Buddhism_and_Medicine_An_Anthology_of_Premodern_Sources_ch_37_">‘Treating Illness’: Translation of a Chapter from a Medieval Chinese Buddhist Meditation Manual by Zhiyi (538–597) [Revised version included in Salguero, Buddhism & Medicine: An Anthology of Premodern Sources, ch. 37.]</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49999" href="https://pennstate.academia.edu/PierceSalguero">Pierce Salguero</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"‘Treating Illness’: Translation of a Chapter from a Medieval Chinese Buddhist Meditation Manual by Zhiyi (538–597) [Revised version included in Salguero, Buddhism \u0026 Medicine: An Anthology of Premodern Sources, ch. 37.]","attachmentId":109832413,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7208050/_Treating_Illness_Translation_of_a_Chapter_from_a_Medieval_Chinese_Buddhist_Meditation_Manual_by_Zhiyi_538_597_Revised_version_included_in_Salguero_Buddhism_and_Medicine_An_Anthology_of_Premodern_Sources_ch_37_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7208050/_Treating_Illness_Translation_of_a_Chapter_from_a_Medieval_Chinese_Buddhist_Meditation_Manual_by_Zhiyi_538_597_Revised_version_included_in_Salguero_Buddhism_and_Medicine_An_Anthology_of_Premodern_Sources_ch_37_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="36081395" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36081395/Medicine_in_the_Chinese_Buddhist_Canon_Selected_Translations">Medicine in the Chinese Buddhist Canon: Selected Translations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49999" href="https://pennstate.academia.edu/PierceSalguero">Pierce Salguero</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="48832702" href="https://columbia.academia.edu/RToleno">Robban Toleno</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="78391297" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarcusBingenheimer">Marcus Bingenheimer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The excerpts below were selected to introduce a number of disparate genres and types of discourses about healing, illness, and cure that are embedded within the Chinese Buddhist canon. They include an excerpt from a monastic disciplinary code concerning the storage of medicines, a scripture with a story of an encounter between a bodhisat-tva and a famous physician, a liturgy dedicated to a major healing deity, an author's advice to doctors from a Buddhist perspective, and a devotional verse that plays on medical metaphors. Taken together, they indicate some of the diversity of perspectives and approaches of Buddhist materials and suggest the potential importance of often-overlooked Buddhist materials for the study of Asian medicine.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Medicine in the Chinese Buddhist Canon: Selected Translations","attachmentId":55970128,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36081395/Medicine_in_the_Chinese_Buddhist_Canon_Selected_Translations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36081395/Medicine_in_the_Chinese_Buddhist_Canon_Selected_Translations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":59274207,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":59274207,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_59274207" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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