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Tillgänglig på 37 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="الإسلام في أوروبا – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإسلام في أوروبا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ইউরোপে ইসলাম – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউরোপে ইসলাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Ислям в Европа – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ислям в Европа" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_u_Evropi" title="Islam u Evropi – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Islam u Evropi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A1m_v_Evrop%C4%9B" title="Islám v Evropě – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Islám v Evropě" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Europa" title="Islam in Europa – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islam in Europa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Europe" title="Islam in Europe – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Islam in Europe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_en_Europa" title="Islam en Europa – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islam en Europa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7" title="اسلام در اروپا – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسلام در اروپا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_en_Europe" title="Islam en Europe – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islam en Europe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="यूरोप में इस्लाम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यूरोप में इस्लाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_di_Eropa" title="Islam di Eropa – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islam di Eropa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dslam_%C3%AD_Evr%C3%B3pu" title="Íslam í Evrópu – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Íslam í Evrópu" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Europa" title="Islam in Europa – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Islam in Europa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94" title="אסלאם באירופה – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסלאם באירופה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%95%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Ислам Еуропада – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ислам Еуропада" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uislamu_barani_Ulaya" title="Uislamu barani Ulaya – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uislamu barani Ulaya" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C4%81ms_Eirop%C4%81" title="Islāms Eiropā – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islāms Eiropā" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az_iszl%C3%A1m_Eur%C3%B3p%C3%A1ban" title="Az iszlám Európában – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Az iszlám Európában" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="الاسلام فى اوروبا – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاسلام فى اوروبا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_di_Eropah" title="Islam di Eropah – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Islam di Eropah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Europa" title="Islam in Europa – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islam in Europa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yevropada_islom" title="Yevropada islom – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yevropada islom" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AA_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9A_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE" title="ਯੂਰਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਸਲਾਮ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੂਰਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਸਲਾਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE_%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="یورپ وچ اسلام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یورپ وچ اسلام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo_na_Europa" title="Islamismo na Europa – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Islamismo na Europa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamul_Europei" title="Islamul Europei – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Islamul Europei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5" title="Ислам в Европе – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ислам в Европе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feja_islame_n%C3%AB_Evrop%C3%AB" title="Feja islame në Evropë – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Feja islame në Evropë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Europe" title="Islam in Europe – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Islam in Europe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE_%DB%BE_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="يورپ ۾ اسلام – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="يورپ ۾ اسلام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_evropske_integracije" title="Islam in evropske integracije – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Islam in evropske integracije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_Euroopassa" title="Islam Euroopassa – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islam Euroopassa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B" title="ศาสนาอิสลามในทวีปยุโรป – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสนาอิสลามในทวีปยุโรป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%83_%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96" title="Іслам у Європі – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іслам у Європі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><p><b>Islam i Europa</b> är utbredningen av <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rldsreligion" title="Världsreligion">världsreligionen</a> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> i <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>. Under tidig och senare <a href="/wiki/Medeltiden" title="Medeltiden">medeltid</a> kom islam kom in på kontinentens områden genom erövringar av europeiska landområden och omfattande <a href="/wiki/Konvertering_(religion)" title="Konvertering (religion)">konvertering</a> av de besegrade folken, erövringar som senare trycktes tillbaka.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under 1900-talet och 2000-talet breder islam ut sig mot nordvästeuropa i Skandinavien, Frankrike, Storbritannien, tyskspråkiga länder, Beneluxländer och under senare tid även i Spanien och Italien via <a href="/wiki/Invandring" title="Invandring">invandring</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sydvästeuropa_-_de_första_erövringarna"><span id="Sydv.C3.A4steuropa_-_de_f.C3.B6rsta_er.C3.B6vringarna"></span>Sydvästeuropa - de första erövringarna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Sydvästeuropa - de första erövringarna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Sydvästeuropa - de första erövringarna"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under 700-talet erövrade araberna nästan hela <a href="/wiki/Iberiska_halv%C3%B6n" title="Iberiska halvön">iberiska halvön</a> (motsvarande dagens <a href="/wiki/Spanien" title="Spanien">Spanien</a> och <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>). Under 800-talet och 900-talet erövrades övergående <a href="/wiki/Sicilien" title="Sicilien">Sicilien</a> och delar av södra <a href="/wiki/Apenninska_halv%C3%B6n" title="Apenninska halvön">apenninska halvön</a> (dagens <a href="/wiki/Italien" title="Italien">Italien</a>). En framstöt mot det <a href="/wiki/Frankiska_riket" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankiska riket">frankiska riket</a> stoppades 732 vid <a href="/wiki/Slaget_vid_Poitiers_(732)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaget vid Poitiers (732)">slaget vid Poitiers</a>. Det arabiska väldet på den iberiska halvön började trängas tillbaka under <a href="/wiki/Reconquistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconquistan">Reconquistan</a> under 1200-talet och tog slut 1492 då halvön åter dominerades av kristendomen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sydösteuropa"><span id="Syd.C3.B6steuropa"></span>Sydösteuropa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Sydösteuropa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Sydösteuropa"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>År 1354 korsade <a href="/wiki/Osmanska_riket" title="Osmanska riket">osmanerna</a> <a href="/wiki/Dardanellerna" title="Dardanellerna">Dardanellerna</a> i riktning Europa, erövrade stora delar av <a href="/wiki/Balkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan">Balkan</a> och expanderade mot <a href="/wiki/Wien" title="Wien">Wien</a>, som <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A4gringen_av_Wien" title="Belägringen av Wien">belägrades för första gången år 1529</a> utan framgång. Efter det <a href="/wiki/Slaget_vid_Wien" title="Slaget vid Wien">andra försöket att erövra Wien år 1683</a> trycktes osmanerna tillbaka i en stor mängd krig som utkämpades i Sydösteuropa och <a href="/wiki/Mindre_Asien" class="mw-redirect" title="Mindre Asien">Mindre Asien</a> fram till 1913. Majoriteten av albaner och bosniaker förblev muslimer efter återerövringen och därmed blev muslimer minoriteter i Balkanländerna.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muslimer i östra och centrala Europa tog <a href="/wiki/Vit_slavhandel" title="Vit slavhandel">icke-muslimska européer som slavar</a> och sålde dem till <a href="/wiki/Arabv%C3%A4rlden" title="Arabvärlden">arabvärlden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tidl%C3%B6shet" title="Wikipedia:Tidlöshet">när?</a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Invandring_under_1900-talet_och_framåt"><span id="Invandring_under_1900-talet_och_fram.C3.A5t"></span>Invandring under 1900-talet och framåt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Invandring under 1900-talet och framåt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Invandring under 1900-talet och framåt"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den tredje utbredningen av islam i Europa började under 1950-talet då muslimer från Nordafrika, Turkiet och Pakistan arbetsinvandrade till industrialiserade länder i jakt på arbete och blev med tiden betydande minoriteter.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under 1960-talet medförde den uppåtgående konjunkturen ett ökat behov av arbetskraft vilket även attraherade muslimska migranter. Kolonial historik ledde i flera länder till att muslimska minoriteter etablerade sig. I Storbritannien kom muslimska migranter vanligtvis ifrån Pakistan och Indien, i Frankrike och senare även Spanien etablerade sig betydande minoriteter ifrån Nordafrika. I Tyskland kom muslimer ifrån Turkiet och i Grekland kom de ifrån Albanien. I andra länder som Belgien, Nederländerna, Italien och i Skandinavien var den muslimska befolkningen från många olika ursprungsländer utan en tydlig övervikt från något enskilt ursprungsland. Arbetskraftsinvandrarna kom ofta från lantliga förhållanden, saknade ofta mer än enklare utbildning och var starkt präglade av hemlandets religiösa och familjeideal.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muslimer är (2013) i majoritet i Albanien, större delarna av <a href="/wiki/Bosnien_och_Hercegovina" title="Bosnien och Hercegovina">Bosnien och Hercegovina</a>, norra Cypern, Kosovo samt i vissa av Bulgariens, Makedoniens och Greklands provinser.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>År 2013 uppskattades mellan 35 och 53 miljoner muslimer bo i Europa vilket utgjorde mellan 5 och 8 procent av befolkningen varav en tredjedel i Ryssland och knappt 6 miljoner i Turkiets europeiska del.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r51224235">.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border-collapse:collapse;background:#fbfbfb;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox th.ambox-text,.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-text{padding:.25em .5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-image{padding:2px 0 2px .5em;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-imageright{padding:2px 4px 2px 0;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete,.mw-parser-output table.ambox-serious{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-merge{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox{border-top-width:0}.mw-parser-output .messagebox{border:1px solid #aaaaaa;background-color:#f8f9fa;width:80%;margin:0 auto 1em auto;padding:.2em}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.merge{border:1px solid #c0b8cc;background-color:#f0e5ff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.cleanup{border:1px solid #9f9fff;background-color:#efefff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.nested-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;width:100%;margin:2px 4px}</style><table class="metadata ambox ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Commons-emblem-issue.svg/40px-Commons-emblem-issue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Commons-emblem-issue.svg/60px-Commons-emblem-issue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Commons-emblem-issue.svg/80px-Commons-emblem-issue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text">Den här sidan eller avsnittet <b>innehåller <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet">ifrågasatta faktauppgifter</a></b>. <small>(2020-09)</small> <br />Motivering: <i>Se grundlig motivering på diskussionssidan</i><br /><small>Hjälp gärna Wikipedia med att <b><a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&action=edit">åtgärda problemet</a></b> om du kan, eller diskutera saken på <a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Islam_i_Europa" title="Diskussion:Islam i Europa">diskussionssidan</a>.</small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>Enligt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wissenschaftszentrum_Berlin_f%C3%BCr_Sozialforschung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung [inte skriven än]">Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung</a><sup>(<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="de:"><span title=""" i tyska Wikipedia">de</span></a>)</sup> från år 2016 visade att muslimska invandrare i Europa hade lägre förvärvsfrekvens än majoritetsgrupperna. Diskriminering och islamofobi anges ofta som orsaker, men studien visade att arbetsmarknadsdeltagandet bland muslimska män och kvinnor i första hand påverkades av sociokulturella faktorer som bristande språkfärdigheter, bristande inter-etniska kontakter och traditionell syn på <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nsroller_inom_islam" title="Könsroller inom islam">könsroller</a>. Arbetsgivares diskriminering hade en liten påverkan på arbetsmarknadsdeltagandet för muslimer.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><small>f</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6"><small>g</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFRenger2013">Renger, A.-B. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/das-europalexikon/177068/islam-und-europa">”Islam und Europa | bpb”</a> (på tyska). <i><span>bpb.de</span></i>. <a href="/wiki/Bundeszentrale_f%C3%BCr_politische_Bildung" title="Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung">Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/das-europalexikon/177068/islam-und-europa">http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/das-europalexikon/177068/islam-und-europa</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 30 oktober 2019</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Islam+und+Europa+%7C+bpb&rft.atitle=bpb.de&rft.aulast=Renger&rft.aufirst=A.-B.&rft.au=Renger%2C+A.-B.&rft.date=2013&rft.pub=%5B%5BBundeszentrale+f%C3%BCr+politische+Bildung%5D%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpb.de%2Fnachschlagen%2Flexika%2Fdas-europalexikon%2F177068%2Fislam-und-europa&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Islam_i_Europa"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFWelle_(www.dw.com)">Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/east-africas-forgotten-slave-trade/a-50126759">”East Africa's forgotten slave trade | DW | 22.08.2019”</a> (på brittisk engelska). <i><span>DW.COM</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.dw.com/en/east-africas-forgotten-slave-trade/a-50126759">https://www.dw.com/en/east-africas-forgotten-slave-trade/a-50126759</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 10 juni 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=East+Africa%27s+forgotten+slave+trade+%7C+DW+%7C+22.08.2019&rft.atitle=DW.COM&rft.aulast=Welle+%28www.dw.com%29&rft.aufirst=Deutsche&rft.au=Welle+%28www.dw.com%29%2C+Deutsche&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Feast-africas-forgotten-slave-trade%2Fa-50126759&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Islam_i_Europa"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFProf._Dr._Stefan_Reichmuth,_Universität_Bochum">Prof. Dr. Stefan Reichmuth, Universität Bochum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/islam-lexikon/21385/europa">”Europa | bpb”</a> (på tyska). <a href="/wiki/Bundeszentrale_f%C3%BCr_politische_Bildung" title="Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung">Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/islam-lexikon/21385/europa">http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/islam-lexikon/21385/europa</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 30 oktober 2019</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Europa+%7C+bpb&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Prof.+Dr.+Stefan+Reichmuth%2C+Universit%C3%A4t+Bochum&rft.au=Prof.+Dr.+Stefan+Reichmuth%2C+Universit%C3%A4t+Bochum&rft.pub=%5B%5BBundeszentrale+f%C3%BCr+politische+Bildung%5D%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpb.de%2Fnachschlagen%2Flexika%2Fislam-lexikon%2F21385%2Feuropa&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Islam_i_Europa"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wzb.eu/en/node/42814">”Muslime auf dem Arbeitsmarkt | WZB”</a>. <i><span>www.wzb.eu</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.wzb.eu/en/node/42814">https://www.wzb.eu/en/node/42814</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 6 september 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Muslime+auf+dem+Arbeitsmarkt+%7C+WZB&rft.atitle=www.wzb.eu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wzb.eu%2Fen%2Fnode%2F42814&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Islam_i_Europa"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&oldid=54017447">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_i_Europa&oldid=54017447</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Islam_i_Europa" title="Kategori:Islam i Europa">Islam i Europa</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Dolda kategorier: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artiklar_med_n%C3%A4r-mallar_2020-09" title="Kategori:Artiklar med när-mallar 2020-09">Artiklar med när-mallar 2020-09</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Samtliga_artiklar_med_n%C3%A4r-mallar" title="Kategori:Samtliga artiklar med när-mallar">Samtliga artiklar med när-mallar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Faktakoll_2020-09" title="Kategori:Faktakoll 2020-09">Faktakoll 2020-09</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Alla_artiklar_som_beh%C3%B6ver_faktakollas" title="Kategori:Alla artiklar som behöver faktakollas">Alla artiklar som behöver faktakollas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 14 oktober 2023 kl. 07.28.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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