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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-分布" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分布"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>分布</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-分布-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-習性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#習性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>習性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-習性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-亚种" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#亚种"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>亚种</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-亚种-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人与棕熊" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人与棕熊"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>人与棕熊</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-人与棕熊-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关人与棕熊子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-人与棕熊-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-保护现状" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#保护现状"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>保护现状</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-保护现状-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-襲擊事件" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#襲擊事件"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>襲擊事件</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-襲擊事件-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">棕熊</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。128种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-128" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">128种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruinbeer" title="Bruinbeer – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bruinbeer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A1%E1%8A%93%E1%88%9B_%E1%8B%B5%E1%89%A5" title="ቡናማ ድብ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቡናማ ድብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C5%ABn_bera" title="Brūn bera – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Brūn bera" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8_%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A" title="دب بني – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دب بني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8_%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89" title="دب بنى – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دب بنى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beretraf_Rupol_(Ursus_arctos)" title="Beretraf Rupol (Ursus arctos) – 科塔瓦文" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Beretraf Rupol (Ursus arctos)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="科塔瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qonur_ay%C4%B1" title="Qonur ayı – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qonur ayı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A2%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="قونور آیی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قونور آیی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%83" title="Һоро айыу – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һоро айыу" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beruang_soklat" title="Beruang soklat – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Beruang soklat" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C5%A1ka" title="Meška – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Meška" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Буры мядзведзь – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Буры мядзведзь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C_%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Мядзьведзь буры – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мядзьведзь буры" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кафява мечка – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кафява мечка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95" title="বাদামি ভাল্লুক – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাদামি ভাল্লুক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="དྲེད་མོང་། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དྲེད་མོང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arzh_gell" title="Arzh gell – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Arzh gell" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrki_medvjed" title="Mrki medvjed – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mrki medvjed" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Os_bru" title="Os bru – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Os bru" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Бора ча – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Бора ча" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%27otsenahkohe" title="Mo'otsenahkohe – 夏延语" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Mo'otsenahkohe" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="夏延语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%86%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ورچی قاوەیی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ورچی قاوەیی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medv%C4%9Bd_hn%C4%9Bd%C3%BD" title="Medvěd hnědý – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Medvěd hnědý" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruny_miedwi%C3%A9dz" title="Bruny miedwiédz – 卡舒比语" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Bruny miedwiédz" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒比语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C4%83%D0%BC%C4%83%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Хăмăр упа – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хăмăр упа" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arth_frown" title="Arth frown – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Arth frown" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brun_bj%C3%B8rn" title="Brun bjørn – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brun bjørn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braunb%C3%A4r" title="Braunbär – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Braunbär" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%C5%9Fo_gewr" title="Heşo gewr – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Heşo gewr" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruny_mjadwje%C5%BA" title="Bruny mjadwjeź – 下索布语" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Bruny mjadwjeź" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="下索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AD_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Καφέ αρκούδα – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καφέ αρκούδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_bear" title="Brown bear – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Brown bear" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruna_urso" title="Bruna urso – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bruna urso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pruunkaru" title="Pruunkaru – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pruunkaru" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartz_arre" title="Hartz arre – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hartz arre" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%82%D9%87%D9%88%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="خرس قهوه‌ای – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خرس قهوه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karhu" title="Karhu – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Karhu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahr" title="Kahr – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kahr" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B3garbj%C3%B8rn" title="Skógarbjørn – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Skógarbjørn" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ours_brun" title="Ours brun – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ours brun" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94rs_bron" title="Ôrs bron – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ôrs bron" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ar_donn" title="Béar donn – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Béar donn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boz_ay%C4%B1" title="Boz ayı – 加告兹语" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Boz ayı" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="加告兹语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oso_pardo" title="Oso pardo – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Oso pardo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B4_%D9%9A_%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="رش ٚ خيش – 吉拉基文" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="رش ٚ خيش" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="吉拉基文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9D" title="דוב חום – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דוב חום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82" title="भूरा भालू – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भूरा भालू" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sme%C4%91i_medvjed" title="Smeđi medvjed – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Smeđi medvjed" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruny_mjedwjed%C5%BA" title="Bruny mjedwjedź – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Bruny mjedwjedź" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnamedve" title="Barnamedve – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Barnamedve" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B7_%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BB" title="Գորշ արջ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գորշ արջ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beruang_cokelat" title="Beruang cokelat – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Beruang cokelat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%C5%82aq" title="Akłaq – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Akłaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BAnbj%C3%B6rn" title="Brúnbjörn – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Brúnbjörn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%82%B0%E3%83%9E" title="ヒグマ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒグマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruwang_coklat" title="Bruwang coklat – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bruwang coklat" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მურა დათვი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მურა დათვი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursu_aras" title="Ursu aras – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ursu aras" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%BE%D2%A3%D1%8B%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%8E" title="Қоңыр аю – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қоңыр аю" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allaq" title="Allaq – 格陵兰语" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Allaq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="格陵兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%B3%B0" title="불곰 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="불곰" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%88" title="Ош – 科米-彼尔米亚克语" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ош" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="科米-彼尔米亚克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%DA%98%D9%8F%D8%B1_%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%8F%D8%AA%DA%BE" title="کاژُر ہاپُتھ – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کاژُر ہاپُتھ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D1%80%D3%A9%D2%A3_%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%83" title="Күрөң аюу – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Күрөң аюу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronge_Bier" title="Bronge Bier – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bronge Bier" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%83_%D1%86%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Оьру цуша – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Оьру цуша" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brojne_beer" title="Brojne beer – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Brojne beer" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudasis_lokys" title="Rudasis lokys – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rudasis lokys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C5%ABnais_l%C4%81cis" title="Brūnais lācis – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Brūnais lācis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81" title="भुरा भालु – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="भुरा भालु" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bera_volontany" title="Bera volontany – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bera volontany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кӱрен маска – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кӱрен маска" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кафеава мечка – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кафеава мечка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF" title="തവിട്ടുകരടി – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തവിട്ടുകരടി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Хүрэн баавгай – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хүрэн баавгай" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%B9%D1%80%D3%93%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D3%A7%D1%81%D0%BA%D3%93" title="Кӹрӓн мӧскӓ – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кӹрӓн мӧскӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beruang_perang" title="Beruang perang – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Beruang perang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B6%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF" title="ဝက်ဝံညို – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝက်ဝံညို" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Овто – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Овто" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81" title="खैरो भालु – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खैरो भालु" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruine_beer" title="Bruine beer – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bruine beer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunbj%C3%B8rn" title="Brunbjørn – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Brunbjørn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunbj%C3%B8rn" title="Brunbjørn – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brunbjørn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shashtsoh" title="Shashtsoh – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Shashtsoh" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondii" title="Kondii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kondii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Тарбур арс – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Тарбур арс" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nied%C5%BAwied%C5%BA_brunatny" title="Niedźwiedź brunatny – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niedźwiedź brunatny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B1%DA%86%DA%BE" title="بھورا رچھ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھورا رچھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%87_%D9%8A%DB%90%DA%96" title="نسواري رنګه يېږ – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نسواري رنګه يېږ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urso-pardo" title="Urso-pardo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Urso-pardo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paqu_ukumari" title="Paqu ukumari – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Paqu ukumari" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urs_brun" title="Urs brun – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Urs brun" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Бурый медведь – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бурый медведь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%A5_%D1%8D%D2%BB%D1%8D" title="Хагдаҥ эһэ – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хагдаҥ эһэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broun_beir" title="Broun beir – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Broun beir" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%80%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%B1%DA%87" title="ڀورو رڇ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڀورو رڇ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guov%C5%BEa" title="Guovža – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Guovža" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrki_medvjed" title="Mrki medvjed – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mrki medvjed" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_bear" title="Brown bear – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Brown bear" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medve%C4%8F_hned%C3%BD" title="Medveď hnedý – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Medveď hnedý" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rjavi_medved" title="Rjavi medved – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rjavi medved" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuob%C5%BE%C3%A2" title="Kuobžâ – 伊纳里萨米语" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kuobžâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊纳里萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariu_i_murrm%C3%AB" title="Ariu i murrmë – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ariu i murrmë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Мрки медвед – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мрки медвед" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunbj%C3%B6rn" title="Brunbjörn – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brunbjörn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5" title="หมีสีน้ำตาล – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หมีสีน้ำตาล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boz_ay%C4%B1" title="Boz ayı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Boz ayı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D1%8E" title="Соры аю – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Соры аю" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Курень гондыр – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Курень гондыр" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%DA%AD%DB%87%D8%B1_%D8%A6%DB%90%D9%8A%D9%89%D9%82" title="قوڭۇر ئېيىق – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قوڭۇر ئېيىق" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8C_%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ведмідь бурий – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ведмідь бурий" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%DA%BE" title="بھورا ریچھ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بھورا ریچھ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qo%CA%BBng%CA%BBir_ayiq" title="Qoʻngʻir ayiq – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qoʻngʻir ayiq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bur_kondi" title="Bur kondi – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Bur kondi" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%E1%BA%A5u_n%C3%A2u" title="Gấu nâu – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gấu nâu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruunn_beir" title="Bruunn beir – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Bruunn beir" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" title="Ursus arctos – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ursus arctos" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="棕熊 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="棕熊" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chong-h%C3%AEm" title="Chong-hîm – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chong-hîm" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%95%A1%E7%86%8A" title="啡熊 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="啡熊" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36341#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" 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id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&oldid=84697003" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&id=84697003&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25A3%2595%25E7%2586%258A"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" hreflang="en"><span>维基物种</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36341" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output 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.ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可参照外語維基百科相應條目来扩充</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%88%E5%88%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:翻译守则">参考外语维基百科扩充条目</a>。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容">版权协议</a>，译文需<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81#翻譯文章" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要">在编辑摘要注明来源</a>，或于讨论页顶部标记<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a>}}</code>标签。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">棕熊<span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em; margin-top:0.05em;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E9%96%B1%E8%AE%80%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E6%A1%86" title="Help:如何閱讀生物資訊框"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Infobox_info_icon2.svg/18px-Infobox_info_icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Infobox_info_icon2.svg/27px-Infobox_info_icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Infobox_info_icon2.svg/36px-Infobox_info_icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">化石时期：<span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">0.5–0 <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%87%E5%B9%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="百万年">Ma</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:208.07692307692px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:; background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="前寒武纪">PreЄ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,170,114); left:36.892307692308px; width:18.818461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="寒武纪">Є</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,169,138); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="奥陶纪">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(166,223,197); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E7%95%99%E7%B4%80" title="志留紀">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(221,150,81); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(63,174,173); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%82%AD%E7%BA%AA" title="石炭纪">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,88,60); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="二叠纪">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(153,78,150); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.126830769231px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="三叠纪">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,187,231); left:151.86769230769px; width:19.055384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%AA" title="侏罗纪">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(111,200,107); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%9E%A9%E7%BA%AA" title="白垩纪">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,161,99); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="古近纪">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,221,45); left:212.20523076923px; width:7.7947692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="新近纪">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"> <div style="position:absolute; left:219.83076923077px;"><div style="position:relative; left:-0.42em;">▼</div></div> </div> </div></span><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世">更新世</a>后期至現在</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Brown_bear.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Brown_bear.jpg/220px-Brown_bear.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Brown_bear.jpg/330px-Brown_bear.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Brown_bear.jpg/440px-Brown_bear.jpg 2x" data-file-width="855" data-file-height="683" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">阿拉斯加<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9%E9%82%81%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92%E5%92%8C%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E5%8D%80" title="卡特邁國家公園和自然保護區">卡特邁國家公園</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉斯加棕熊">阿拉斯加棕熊</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E7%8A%B6%E5%86%B5" title="保护状况">保护状况</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Status_iucn3.1_LC_zh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="link= class=skin-invert-image"><img alt="link= class=skin-invert-image" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Status_iucn3.1_LC_zh.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC_zh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Status_iucn3.1_LC_zh.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_LC_zh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Status_iucn3.1_LC_zh.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_LC_zh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%8D%B1%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%8D" title="无危物种">无危</a><small>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E7%B4%85%E8%89%B2%E5%90%8D%E9%8C%84" title="國際自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄">IUCN 3.1</a>）<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="生物分类学">科学分类</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding:0.1em 0.4em 0 0; margin-left:-3em;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Ursus" title="编辑"><img alt="编辑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Small_Pencil_Icon.svg/16px-Small_Pencil_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Small_Pencil_Icon.svg/24px-Small_Pencil_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Small_Pencil_Icon.svg/32px-Small_Pencil_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">界：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="动物界">动物界</a> Animalia</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">门：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E9%97%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="脊索动物门">脊索动物门</a> Chordata</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">纲：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E7%BA%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="哺乳纲">哺乳纲</a> Mammalia</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">目：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%82%89%E7%9B%AE" title="食肉目">食肉目</a> Carnivora</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">科：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%8A%E7%A7%91" title="熊科">熊科</a> Ursidae</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">属：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%8A%E5%B1%9E" title="熊属">熊属</a> <i>Ursus</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap">种： </td> <td><div class="nowrap" style="display:inline;"><b>棕熊 <i>U. arctos</i></b></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="二名法">二名法</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Ursus arctos</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%9E%97%E5%A5%88" class="mw-redirect" title="卡爾·林奈">Linnaeus</a>, 1758</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cypron-Range_Ursus_arctos.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Cypron-Range_Ursus_arctos.svg/220px-Cypron-Range_Ursus_arctos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Cypron-Range_Ursus_arctos.svg/330px-Cypron-Range_Ursus_arctos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Cypron-Range_Ursus_arctos.svg/440px-Cypron-Range_Ursus_arctos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732977">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>棕熊</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="学名">学名</a>：<i><span lang="la">Ursus arctos</span></i>）是<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%8A%E5%B1%9E" title="熊属">熊屬</a>的一种极为庞大的<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="熊">熊</a>，古称<b>羆</b>，各亞種体重在130－700<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%96%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="公斤">公斤</a>（300－1500磅）之間，其中最大亞種是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="科迪亞克棕熊">科迪亞克棕熊</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分布"><span id=".E5.88.86.E5.B8.83"></span>分布</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：分布"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ours_brun_parcanimalierpyrenees_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ours_brun_parcanimalierpyrenees_1.jpg/220px-Ours_brun_parcanimalierpyrenees_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ours_brun_parcanimalierpyrenees_1.jpg/330px-Ours_brun_parcanimalierpyrenees_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ours_brun_parcanimalierpyrenees_1.jpg/440px-Ours_brun_parcanimalierpyrenees_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>棕熊曾经遍布于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" class="mw-redirect" title="阿特拉斯山脉">阿特拉斯山脉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。现在棕熊在许多地方都已灭绝，全球種群數量約在20萬只左右<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_Bear_|_Species_|_WWF_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_Bear_|_Species_|_WWF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>它们最喜欢住在高山草原或山林。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a>，棕熊的分布是：从<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E" title="阿拉斯加州">阿拉斯加州</a>东部到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%B2%E7%A9%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="育空地区">育空地区</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA_(%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7)" title="西北地区 (加拿大)">西北地区</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E7%9C%81" title="不列颠哥伦比亚省">不列颠哥伦比亚省</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="亚伯塔省">亚伯塔省</a>西部。除此之外，也有少数棕熊生活在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E7%9B%9B%E9%A1%BF%E5%B7%9E" title="华盛顿州">华盛顿州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E8%BE%BE%E8%8D%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="爱达荷州">爱达荷州</a>北部、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%A4%A7%E6%8B%BF%E5%B7%9E" title="蒙大拿州">蒙大拿州</a>西部和<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%80%E4%BF%84%E6%98%8E%E5%B7%9E" title="怀俄明州">怀俄明州</a>西北部。 </p><p>科学家们至今还不知道棕熊到底在这个世界上统治了多长时间。虽然科学家知道北美洲的棕熊在<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E6%B2%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="冰河时期">冰河时期</a>晚期就已经出现，但那时棕熊不是处于北美<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E9%93%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="食物链">食物链</a>顶级的动物。当时該地區的统治者是更为高大的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E9%9D%A2%E7%86%8A" title="短面熊">短面熊</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E9%9D%A2%E7%86%8A" title="短面熊">短面熊</a>不经常<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%A9%E7%8D%B5" title="狩獵">狩獵</a>，而经常去抢棕熊捕回来的食物。一头普通大小的短面熊的体重是棕熊的2倍。 </p><p>除此之外，棕熊的其他竞争对手<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%89%91%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="斯剑虎">斯剑虎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BC%E5%89%91%E9%BD%BF%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="似剑齿虎">似剑齿虎</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E6%93%AC%E7%8D%85" title="美洲擬獅">美洲擬獅</a>也比棕熊强壮。但<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%91%E9%BD%BF%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="剑齿虎">剑齿虎</a>只吃大型食草<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳动物">哺乳动物</a>（例如<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%91%E8%B7%9D%E7%8D%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="滑距獸">滑距兽</a>），而棕熊却以较小的动物为主食，只有在需要的时候才会捕食大型动物。棕熊不像剑齿虎和短面熊那样挑食，它们几乎吃任何自己能捕到的东西，棕熊也吃植物。 </p><p>食物范围狭窄会导致一个物种容易灭绝，当<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%91%E9%BD%BF%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="剑齿虎">剑齿虎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E9%9D%A2%E7%86%8A" title="短面熊">短面熊</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E6%93%AC%E7%8D%85" title="美洲擬獅">美洲擬獅</a>的主食灭绝后，它们自然就灭绝了。等比棕熊强壮的动物都灭绝，棕熊自然就成为食物链顶级的动物了（指在同一栖息地没有比自己更强壮的动物，但这并不代表其它地方就没有比棕熊更强壮的动物）。此外<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BC" title="狼">狼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E9%BB%91%E7%86%8A" title="美洲黑熊">美洲黑熊</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E7%8B%AE" title="美洲狮">美洲狮</a>也能捕食非常大型动物。科学家至今不确切的了解人类在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="北美">北美</a>生活了多长时间，但北美洲最早的人类是生活在<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E6%B2%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="冰河时期">冰河时期</a>晚期的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="古印第安人">古印第安人</a>。古印第安人用<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%AA%E5%A4%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克罗维斯枪头（页面不存在）">克罗维斯枪头</a>去打猎。如果冰河时期的大型<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳动物">哺乳动物</a>的灭绝是由古印第安人引起的，那么冰河时期的大型食肉哺乳动物的灭绝对棕熊是有好处的。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>，棕熊比其近亲<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E7%86%8A" title="洞熊">洞熊</a>存活的时间更长，但是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E7%86%8A" title="洞熊">洞熊</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AD%E7%BB%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="灭绝">灭绝</a>的原因至今仍然是个谜。<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>早期的人屬物種<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="尼安德特人">尼安德特人</a>经常捕杀洞熊，而屬於現代智人的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%84%82%E4%BA%BA" title="克羅馬儂人">克罗马侬人</a>则很崇拜洞熊，他们经常举行<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%9E%E7%86%8A%E7%A4%BC%E6%8B%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洞熊礼拜（页面不存在）">洞熊礼拜</a>，另一方面尼安德特人的数量不是很多。尼安德特人灭绝后，洞熊又存活了18000年，到10000多年前灭绝。洞熊的食物基本都是植物，所以至今无法解释洞熊是怎么灭绝的。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brown_bear_(Ursus_arctos_arctos)_running.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_running.jpg/250px-Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_running.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_running.jpg/375px-Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_running.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_running.jpg/500px-Brown_bear_%28Ursus_arctos_arctos%29_running.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1933" data-file-height="1456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%AA%E7%9A%84%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯堪的纳维斯克动物园（页面不存在）">斯堪的纳维斯克动物园</a>的棕熊。</figcaption></figure> <p>世界上共有20万只棕熊。其中<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a>的棕熊最多，共12万头。其次是<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>，共32500头。其次是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>，共21750头。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>的棕熊中，有95%的棕熊都在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E" title="阿拉斯加州">阿拉斯加州</a>。其中<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a>西海岸地区棕熊的数量越来越多，而且<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E5%9F%BA%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" class="mw-redirect" title="落基山脉">落基山脉</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E5%A4%A7%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="北美大草原">北美大草原</a>的棕熊数量也不再下降。在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>，共14000只棕熊生活在十个被隔离的地区，从<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a>到<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%AA%E7%9A%84%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A" title="斯堪的纳维亚">斯堪的纳维亚</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>的棕熊已灭绝，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>的棕熊处在极危状态，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%AC%A7" title="中欧">中欧</a>的棕熊也处在濒危状态。棕熊是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0" title="芬兰">芬兰</a>的自然界标志物中的国家动物<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E9%98%A1%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="喀尔巴阡山脉">喀尔巴阡山脉</a>的棕熊是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>的棕熊仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a>最多的地方，大约4500到5000头棕熊。 </p><p>不过<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="北极">北极</a>附近地区的棕熊数量正在减少，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="北极">北极</a>变暖的问题使生活在较温暖地区的动物移居到北极，使北极的动物日趋濒危。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="習性"><span id=".E7.BF.92.E6.80.A7"></span>習性</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：習性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B%C3%A4renspurP1050395.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/B%C3%A4renspurP1050395.jpg/220px-B%C3%A4renspurP1050395.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/B%C3%A4renspurP1050395.jpg/330px-B%C3%A4renspurP1050395.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/B%C3%A4renspurP1050395.jpg/440px-B%C3%A4renspurP1050395.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>前腳腳印</figcaption></figure> <p>由於棕熊在<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AC%E7%9C%A0" title="冬眠">冬眠</a>6個月時會消耗掉100萬<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="大卡">大卡</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%B7%AF%E9%87%8C" title="卡路里">卡路里</a>，相當於1個美國人1年所需的熱量，因此當牠們從冬眠中醒來時會拼命吃草和凍死的動物屍體（所以遇到熊絕對不可以裝死）來恢復體重和體力，到了初夏則會開始追逐、捕食（棕熊能以近35英哩的速度跑100英呎）年幼的<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%B0%BE%E9%B9%BF" title="白尾鹿">白尾鹿</a>（當季是白尾鹿的繁殖期）。秋季時<a href="/wiki/%E9%AE%AD%E9%AD%9A" title="鮭魚">鮭魚</a>會洄游产卵，此時棕熊會聚集在河口及瀑布捕食<a href="/wiki/%E9%AE%AD%E9%AD%9A" title="鮭魚">鮭魚</a>，有時會為了捕魚的地點而大打出手，鮭魚多的時候棕熊可以只挑熱量最高的魚頭、魚皮及魚卵，因為一顆魚卵的熱量和蛋白質是一顆漿果的25倍，因此常有熊會為了爭奪魚卵而起衝突。到了快秋末時，棕熊會開始大量摄食漿果作為冬眠前最後的補充，在冬眠時牠們的體溫、心跳甚至是排毒系統都會停止運作，以減少熱量及鈣質的流失，防止失溫及骨質疏鬆。母熊會在冬眠的洞穴中產下不超過2隻的小熊，小熊需要依賴母熊兩年才能獨立。棕熊的唯一天敌只有<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="老虎">老虎</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="東北虎">東北虎</a>），遇到老虎通常会选择回避，但是被逼到绝境，也会大胆反击。也有些例子中，棕熊有時會襲擊並殺死老虎當獵物吃掉。所以老虎也會進入棕熊的食譜中。 </p><p>尽管它们看起来很笨重，当他们跑快时时速可达56公里／时（35英里／时）。棕熊不仅快，而且很有耐力。可以以最快的速度跑几十分钟。当然棕熊也有弱点：尽管棕熊已经够快了，但是它们的主要食物之一：<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BF" title="鹿">鹿</a>，可以以67公里／时的速度跑几十分钟。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="亚种"><span id=".E4.BA.9A.E7.A7.8D"></span>亚种</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：亚种"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>棕熊的亚种尚有一些争议，可能包括： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="欧洲棕熊">欧洲棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos arctos</i>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E%E7%81%B0%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="加州灰熊">加州灰熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos californicus</i>）：已<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AD%E7%BB%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="灭绝">灭绝</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="阿特拉斯棕熊">阿特拉斯棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos crowtheri</i>）：已灭绝。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E7%86%8A" title="灰熊">灰熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos horribilis</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a>最常见的棕熊。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E7%8E%9B%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="喜玛拉雅棕熊">喜玛拉雅棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos isabellinus</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" class="mw-redirect" title="喜瑪拉雅山脈">喜玛拉雅山脉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94" title="尼泊尔">尼泊尔</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>北部。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉斯加棕熊">阿拉斯加棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos middendorffi</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E" title="阿拉斯加州">阿拉斯加州</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="墨西哥棕熊">墨西哥棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos nelsoni</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a>北部，可能已灭绝。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="西藏棕熊">西藏棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos pruinosus</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>西部。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="西伯利亚棕熊">西伯利亚棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos beringianus</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="西伯利亚">西伯利亚</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E8%98%87%E9%87%8C%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="烏蘇里棕熊">烏蘇里棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos lasiotus</i>）：又名<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="東北棕熊">東北棕熊</a>，分布于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="中國東北">中國東北</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%8D%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="黑龍江">黑龍江</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E8%98%87%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="烏蘇里江">烏蘇里江</a>邊疆區、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鮮半島">朝鮮半島</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8D%83%E5%B3%B6%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="南千島群島">南千島群島</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93" title="北海道">北海道</a>一帶。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="叙利亚棕熊（页面不存在）">叙利亚棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos syriacus</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C" title="中东">中东</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E5%A3%81%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="戈壁棕熊">戈壁棕熊</a>（<i>Ursus arctos gobiensis</i>）：分布于<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古">蒙古</a>。</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="草原棕熊">草原棕熊</a>是其已滅絕的一個亞種，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世">更新世</a>時期生活在歐亞大陸上。其化石發現於<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="斯洛伐克">斯洛伐克</a>的多個山洞（如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%A6%E6%89%8E%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9E%E7%A9%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瓦扎卡洞穴（页面不存在）">瓦扎卡洞穴</a>）中<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="人与棕熊"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E4.B8.8E.E6.A3.95.E7.86.8A"></span>人与棕熊</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：人与棕熊"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>就像人類時常侵入熊的自然棲息地一樣，人類所丟棄的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%9A%E9%A4%98" title="廚餘">廚餘</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE" title="垃圾">垃圾</a>會吸引熊冒險進入人類的住宅區覓食。舉例來說，熊有時會捕食<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E5%A0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="農場">農場</a>所畜養的動物。一旦熊養成了依賴人類食物的習慣並且將人類的活動範圍視為食物來源，這將會大大增加人與熊相遇的機率，並且最後導致熊的死亡。因此<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>在極力地推廣『餵食熊，就是害死熊』這個觀念。 </p><p>把習慣在人類居住地覓食的熊重新安置到其他地點是一種消極的做法，因為這樣並不能解決根本的問題：人類破壞熊的棲息地。而且這種安置方法會擾亂原本安置地點棲息的熊族，使得熊隻之間的競爭與衝突更加地劇烈，進而傷害到該棲息地較弱小的熊隻。另外，某些已經習慣在人類住宅區尋找食物的熊即使被重新安置，還是會不斷的返回同一地區覓食。一旦出現這種情況，這種熊隻通常會遭到射殺以避免人類遭到熊的傷害。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>西半部最大的自然保護區：<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="黃石國家公園">黃石國家公園</a>和周遭的國有林地是現存主要的北美棕熊棲息地之一。然而不幸的是，每年數以萬計前來<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E7%9F%B3%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="黃石公園">黃石公園</a>參觀的遊客以及許多為追求西部風光而遷入該地區居住的民眾，讓熊越來越習慣與人類接觸。因為許多重新安置熊隻的地點與這個地區重疊，再加上熊的習性都是由公熊支配棲息地的核心精華地帶，迫使較居弱勢的母熊只好遷移到棲息地的邊緣甚至離開棲息地，結果造成許多母熊不斷地侵入人類的活動範圍。為了公眾安全的理由只好將牠們射殺。這已經深深危害了棕熊的生存。雖然<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>普遍認為北美棕熊是這種情形最大的受害者，但是其他的熊類也受到一定程度的影響。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲">歐洲</a>，一部分的問題卻是來自於<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%89%A7%E4%B8%9A" title="畜牧业">畜牧業</a>。過去兩百年來，<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲">歐洲</a>牧羊業者已經逐漸捨棄傳統的牧羊方式，不使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E7%BE%8A%E7%8A%AC" title="牧羊犬">牧羊犬</a>來保護羊隻反而放任羊隻隨意地四處走動吃草。這樣一來羊隻很容易進入熊的活動範圍並且遭到熊的獵殺。牧羊業者為了保護牲口只好<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8D%E6%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="槍殺">槍殺</a>熊。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="保护现状"><span id=".E4.BF.9D.E6.8A.A4.E7.8E.B0.E7.8A.B6"></span>保护现状</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：保护现状"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由於各國保護政策的進步，现在棕熊的数量正在慢慢地增多，但部分棕熊仍然处于濒危状态。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="金熊">金熊</a>（原分布在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="加利福尼亚州">加利福尼亚州</a>）在1922年灭绝。最后一只金熊在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BE%E9%9D%A9%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="图革尔（页面不存在）">图革尔</a>被枪杀，此后就再也没有金熊的目击报告了。现在唯一一种看金熊的方法是看<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="加利福尼亚州">加利福尼亚州</a>的州旗。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="墨西哥棕熊">墨西哥棕熊</a>是一种濒危动物，可能已经灭绝。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>的48个<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E" title="州">州</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E7%86%8A" title="灰熊">灰熊</a>都被列为受危。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="亚伯塔省">亚伯塔省</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E7%9C%81" title="不列颠哥伦比亚省">不列颠哥伦比亚省</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA_(%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7)" title="西北地区 (加拿大)">西北地区</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%B2%E7%A9%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="育空地区">育空地区</a>中灰熊被列为易危。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E5%A4%A7%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="北美大草原">北美大草原</a>中的灰熊已经灭绝。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="襲擊事件"><span id=".E8.A5.B2.E6.93.8A.E4.BA.8B.E4.BB.B6"></span>襲擊事件</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：襲擊事件"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>棕熊殺人或使人嚴重受傷的事件往往發生。為嚴重的案子，1915年12月日本<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93" title="北海道">北海道</a>發生的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%AF%9B%E5%88%A5%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="三毛別棕熊襲擊事件">三毛別棕熊襲擊事件</a>，1只棕熊殺害7人、讓3人受重傷。據Giulia Bombieri的2019年報告，從2000年到2015年，664件的襲撃發生（美洲183件、歐洲291件、亞洲190件），之中95件（14.3%）致命的<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6%E6%9C%80%E5%BF%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="速度最快的动物列表">速度最快的动物列表</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 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href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:生物学">生物学主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation">McLellan, B.N., Servheen, C. & Huber, D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/41688">Ursus arctos</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E7%B4%85%E8%89%B2%E5%90%8D%E9%8C%84" title="國際自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄">The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></i> <b>2008</b>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2009]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&rft.btitle=Ursus+arctos&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%27%27The+IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species%27%27+%27%27%272008%27%27%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapiv3.iucnredlist.org%2Fapi%2Fv3%2Ftaxonredirect%2F41688&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4003325.stm">Ancient bear made early migration</a>. BBC News. 12 November 2004 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-02-25</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051202023003/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4003325.stm">存档</a>于2005-12-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&rft.atitle=Ancient+bear+made+early+migration&rft.date=2004-11-12&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fscience%2Fnature%2F4003325.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brown_Bear_|_Species_|_WWF-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brown_Bear_|_Species_|_WWF_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldwildlife.org/species/brown-bear">Brown Bear. Species</a>. WWF. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-03-04</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180929145303/https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/brown-bear">存档</a>于2018-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&rft.btitle=Brown+Bear.+Species&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=WWF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldwildlife.org%2Fspecies%2Fbrown-bear&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Weaver, Fran. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finland.fi/zh/shenghuoyushehui/fenlandedaziranxiangzhengfuhao/">芬兰的大自然象征符号</a>. 这就是芬兰. 2014-08 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-11-12</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171102161328/https://finland.fi/zh/shenghuoyushehui/fenlandedaziranxiangzhengfuhao/">存档</a>于2017-11-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&rft.au=Weaver%2C+Fran&rft.btitle=%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%81%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7&rft.date=2014-08&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E8%BF%99%E5%B0%B1%E6%98%AF%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffinland.fi%2Fzh%2Fshenghuoyushehui%2Ffenlandedaziranxiangzhengfuhao%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSabol2001" class="citation">Sabol, M., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udc.es/files/iux/almacen/articulos/cd26_art17.pdf">Fossil Brown Bears of Slovakia (Los osos pardos fósiles de Eslovaquia)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> <b>26</b>, Bratislava: Cadernos Lab. Xeolóxico de Laxe Coruña: 311–316, 2001 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-06-02</span>]</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0213-4497"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0213-4497</span></a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308130312/https://www.udc.es/files/iux/almacen/articulos/cd26_art17.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2021-03-08）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.aulast=Sabol&rft.btitle=Fossil+Brown+Bears+of+Slovakia+%28Los+osos+pardos+f%C3%B3siles+de+Eslovaquia%29&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.issn=0213-4497&rft.pages=311-316&rft.place=Bratislava&rft.pub=Cadernos+Lab.+Xeol%C3%B3xico+de+Laxe+Coru%C3%B1a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udc.es%2Ffiles%2Fiux%2Falmacen%2Farticulos%2Fcd26_art17.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="zh" dir="ltr">引用错误：带有name属性“:0”的<code><ref></code>标签用不同内容定义了多次</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相關的多媒體資源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" class="extiw" title="commons:Ursus arctos"><span style="font-weight:bold;">棕熊</span></a>（<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ursus_arctos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ursus arctos">分類</a>）</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="維基物種">維基物種</a>上的相關信息：<b><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos?uselang=zh">棕熊</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060928160143/http://www.sinapu.org/Pages/Bears/Grizzly_Bears.htm">落基山南部的灰熊</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060211010245/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/kids/creature_feature/0010/">国家地理：棕熊</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grizzlybear.org/gbstatus/griznum.htm">灰熊网</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100513044634/http://www.grizzlybear.org/gbstatus/griznum.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lairweb.org.nz/tiger/conflict10.html">熊</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060308025419/http://www.lairweb.org.nz/tiger/conflict10.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boone-crockett.org/bgRecords/WorldRecordsDetail.asp?area=bgRecords&type=SKULLS">最大的美洲黑熊头骨</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060221070249/http://www.boone-crockett.org/bgRecords/WorldRecordsDetail.asp?area=bgRecords&type=SKULLS">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061112101712/http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/mammals/brownbear-grizzly.php">棕熊（Ursus arctos）的资料与图片</a>-野生动物百科</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36341#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36341#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36341#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/839704/">FAST</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ours brun"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119654174">法国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ours brun"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119654174">BnF data</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4146492-8">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007292435005171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Brown bear"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85017246">美国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000255684&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01067593">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="medvěd hnědý"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph115258&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300310636">AAT</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="分類單元識別-&#123;&#125;-碼" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="分類單元識別-&#123;&#125;-碼" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E8%AD%98%E5%88%A5%E7%A2%BC" title="Help:分類單元識別碼">分類單元識別碼</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE" title="维基数据">维基数据</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36341" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q36341">Q36341</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="維基物種">維基物種</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ursus_arctos" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Ursus arctos">Ursus arctos</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A0%B7%E6%80%A7%E7%BD%91" title="动物多样性网">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ursus_arctos/">Ursus_arctos</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id1827">1827</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%9D%A1%E5%BD%A2%E7%A0%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="生命条形码数据系统">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=12510">12510</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">ECOS: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6591">6591</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="网络生命大百科">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/328581">328581</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Nature_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Nature Information System">EUNIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/1568">1568</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:305356">305356</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/dbaefc4b-0b7f-4aa2-bd3d-d03cea8e2e14">dbaefc4b-0b7f-4aa2-bd3d-d03cea8e2e14</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fossilworks" title="Fossilworks">Fossilworks</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=52604">52604</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A3%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="全球生物多樣性資訊機構">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2433433">2433433</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/41641">41641</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%92%8C%E9%9D%9E%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%B1%9E%E4%B8%B4%E6%97%B6%E7%99%BB%E8%AE%B0%E5%86%8C" title="海洋和非海洋属临时登记册">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10198727">10198727</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="整合分類學資訊系統">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180543">180543</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E7%B4%85%E8%89%B2%E5%90%8D%E9%8C%84" title="國際自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/41688">41688</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%8D" title="世界哺乳动物物种">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14000970">14000970</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A0%B7%E6%80%A7%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国家生物多样性网络">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NBNSYS0000005185">NBNSYS0000005185</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="美国国家生物技术信息中心">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=9644">9644</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="海洋生物地理信息系统">OBIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obis.org/taxon/1506697">1506697</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/SeaLifeBase" class="mw-redirect" title="SeaLifeBase">SeaLifeBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sealifebase.ca/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69193">69193</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E5%8B%95%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84" title="瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約">Species+</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://speciesplus.net/#/taxon_concepts/9829">9829</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierstimmenarchiv" class="extiw" title="de:Tierstimmenarchiv">TSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tierstimmen.org/en/database?field_spec_species_target_id_selective=18472">18472</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=105410">105410</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ZooBank" title="ZooBank">ZooBank</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/967F41D2-464B-4D55-AE9C-D19FE452B814">967F41D2-464B-4D55-AE9C-D19FE452B814</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=棕熊&oldid=84697003">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=棕熊&oldid=84697003</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:IUCN%E7%BA%A2%E8%89%B2%E5%90%8D%E5%BD%95%E6%97%A0%E5%8D%B1%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%8D" title="Category:IUCN红色名录无危物种">IUCN红色名录无危物种</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%86%8A%E5%B1%9E" 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