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font-size:88%;"> <tr class="adr"> <th colspan="3" align="center" class="mergedtoprow" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;">Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus <div style="padding-top:0.25em;">Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti  (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>)</div> </th> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td class="maptable" colspan="3" align="center" style="padding:0.5em 0;"> <table align="center" style="width:100%;background:none;"> <tr> <td align="center" style="width:58%; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Northern Cyprus"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" width="125" height="83" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="684"/></a></td> <td align="center" style="width:auto;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg" class="image" title="Coat of arms of Northern Cyprus"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" width="85" height="92" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="326"/></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Flag of Northern Cyprus">Flag</a></td> <td align="center" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Coat of arms of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Coat of arms</a></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="anthem" colspan="3" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;">Anthem: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stiklal_Mar%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="İstiklal Marşı" class="mw-redirect">İstiklal Marşı</a> Independence March <center> <div class="mediaContainer" style="position:relative;display:block;width:220px"><audio id="mwe_player_0" style="width:220px" poster="//bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.25wmf22/resources/assets/file-type-icons/fileicon-ogg.png" controls="" preload="none" class="kskin" data-durationhint="68.992" data-startoffset="0" data-mwtitle="Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-title="Original Ogg file (218 kbps)" data-shorttitle="Ogg source" data-width="0" data-height="0" data-bandwidth="218380"></source><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.ar.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.ar.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="ar" data-dir="rtl" label="العربية (ar) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.az.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.az.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="az" data-dir="ltr" label="azərbaycanca (az) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.en.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.en.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="en" data-dir="ltr" label="English (en) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.ja.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.ja.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="ja" data-dir="ltr" label="日本語 (ja) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.kk-latn.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.kk-latn.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="kk-latn" data-dir="ltr" label="qazaqşa (latın)‎ (kk-latn) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.pt.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.pt.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="pt" data-dir="ltr" label="português (pt) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.th.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.th.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="th" data-dir="ltr" label="ไทย (th) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.tr.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.tr.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="tr" data-dir="ltr" label="Türkçe (tr) subtitles"></track><track kind="subtitles" data-mwtitle="TimedText:Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg.uz.srt" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" type="text/x-srt" src="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=:Istiklal+Marsi-TSK.ogg.uz.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt" srclang="uz" data-dir="ltr" label="oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча (uz) subtitles"></track>Sorry, your browser either has JavaScript disabled or does not have any supported player. You can <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Istiklal_Marsi-TSK.ogg">download the clip</a> or <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/Client_download">download a player</a> to play the clip in your browser.</audio></div> </center> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="padding:0.6em 0 0.3em;text-align:center;"> <div class="center"> <div class="floatnone"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Norhern_Cyprus_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="image" title="Location of Northern Cyprus"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Norhern_Cyprus_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Norhern_Cyprus_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" width="250" height="250" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Norhern_Cyprus_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/375px-Norhern_Cyprus_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Norhern_Cyprus_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/500px-Norhern_Cyprus_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553"/></a></div> </div> <div style="padding:0.3em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;"></div> </td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2">Capital and largest city</td> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a> <a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Northern_Cyprus&params=35_11_N_33_22_E_type:country">35°11′N 33°22′E / 35.183°N 33.367°E / 35.183; 33.367</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="white-space:nowrap;">Official languages</th> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Politics of Northern Cyprus">Government</a></th> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-presidential_system" title="Semi-presidential system">semi-presidential</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">President</a></td> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu" title="Derviş Eroğlu">Derviş Eroğlu</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Prime Minister</a></td> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96zkan_Yorganc%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu" title="Özkan Yorgancıoğlu">Özkan Yorgancıoğlu</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Legislature</th> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Northern_Cyprus)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)">Assembly of the Republic</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence" title="Independence">Independence</a> from the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Republic of Cyprus</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Proclaimed</td> <td>15 November 1983 </td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Recognition</td> <td>only by <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Geography of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Area</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Total</td> <td>3,355 km2 (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">174th if ranked</a>) 1,295 sq mi</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Water (%)</td> <td>2.7</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Demographics of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Population</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">2011 census</td> <td>286,257</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Density</td> <td>86/km2 (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_by_population_density" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories by population density">116th</a>) 223/sq mi</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> (nominal)</td> <td>2008 estimate</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Total</td> <td>$3.9 billion<a href="#cite_note-yb2006-1">[1]</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Per capita</td> <td>$16,158<a href="#cite_note-yb2006-1">[1]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;">Currency</th> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_lira" title="Turkish lira">Turkish lira</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2">Time zone</th> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a> (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+2)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Summer (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</td> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time" class="mw-redirect">EEST</a> (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+3)</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Drives on the</th> <td>left</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Telephone numbers in Northern Cyprus">Calling code</a></th> <td><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2B90_392" title="+90 392" class="mw-redirect">+90 392</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th> <td>.nc.tr or .ct.tr; wide use of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.cc" title=".cc">.cc</a></td> </tr> </table> Northern Cyprus (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: Kuzey Kıbrıs), officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC; <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti), is a self-declared <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">state</a> that comprises the northeastern portion of the island of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>. Recognised only by <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Commerce2003-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-CIA-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kurtulus2005-4">[4]</a> Northern Cyprus is considered by the international community as part of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Cyprus" title="Republic of Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Republic of Cyprus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Leckie2007-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Quigley-6">[6]</a> Northern Cyprus extends from <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Apostolos_Andreas" title="Cape Apostolos Andreas">the tip</a> of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpass_Peninsula" title="Karpass Peninsula">Karpass Peninsula</a> in the northeast to <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphou_Bay" title="Morphou Bay">Morphou Bay</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Kormakitis" title="Cape Kormakitis">Cape Kormakitis</a> and its westernmost point, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokkina" title="Kokkina">Kokkina</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclave" title="Exclave" class="mw-redirect">exclave</a> in the west. Its southernmost point is the village of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louroujina" title="Louroujina">Louroujina</a>. A <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Buffer_Zone_in_Cyprus" title="United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus">buffer zone</a> under the control of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> stretches between Northern Cyprus and the rest of the island and divides <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a>, the island's largest city and capital of both states. A <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_Cypriot_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1974 Cypriot coup d'état">coup d'état in 1974</a>, an attempt to annex the island to <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, prompted the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkish invasion of Cyprus</a>. This resulted in the eviction of much of the north's Greek Cypriot population, the flight of Turkish Cypriots from the south, and the partitioning of the island, leading to a unilateral declaration of independence by the North in 1983. Due to its lack of recognition, Northern Cyprus is heavily dependent on Turkey for economic, political and military support.<a href="#cite_note-Agency2013-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-Boas2012-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Navaro-Yashin2012-9">[9]</a> Attempts to reach a solution to the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_dispute" title="Cyprus dispute">Cyprus dispute</a> have been unsuccessful. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Army" title="Turkish Army" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Army</a> maintains a large force in Northern Cyprus. While its presence is supported and approved by the TRNC government, the Republic of Cyprus and the international community regard it as an occupation force, and its presence has been denounced in several United Nations Security Council resolutions.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-10">[10]</a> Northern Cyprus is a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-presidential_system" title="Semi-presidential system">semi-presidential</a>, democratic republic with an economy that is dominated by the services sector. The economy has seen growth through the 2000s, with the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNP" title="GNP" class="mw-redirect">GNP</a> per capita more than tripling, but is held back by an international embargo due to the official closure of the ports in Northern Cyprus by the Republic of Cyprus. The official language is <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>, with a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_Turkish" title="Cypriot Turkish">distinct local dialect</a> being spoken. The vast majority of the population consists of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Muslims" title="Sunni Muslims" class="mw-redirect">Sunni Muslims</a>, while religious attitudes are moderate and secular. <div id="toc" class="toc"> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#1960-1974">1.1 1960-1974</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#1974-1983">1.2 1974-1983</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#1983-today">1.3 1983-today</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Administrative_divisions">2 Administrative divisions</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Politics">3 Politics</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Human_rights_and_law">3.1 Human rights and law</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#International_status_and_foreign_relations">3.2 International status and foreign relations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Military">3.3 Military</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Geography">4 Geography</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Biodiversity">4.1 Biodiversity</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Climate">4.2 Climate</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Economy">5 Economy</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Tourism">5.1 Tourism</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Infrastructure">5.2 Infrastructure</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Demographics">6 Demographics</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Religion">6.1 Religion</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Education">6.2 Education</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Culture">7 Culture</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Music_and_dance">7.1 Music and dance</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#Literature">7.2 Literature</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Cinema">7.3 Cinema</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#Theater">7.4 Theater</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Sports">7.5 Sports</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#See_also">8 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#References">9 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#Further_reading">10 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#External_links">11 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> <h2>History[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="hatnote boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Cyprus" title="Ottoman Cyprus">Ottoman Cyprus</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_history_of_Cyprus" title="Modern history of Cyprus">Modern history of Cyprus</a></div> <h3>1960-1974[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1960-1974">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_intercommunal_violence" title="Cypriot intercommunal violence">Cypriot intercommunal violence</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:177px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Image_of_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_in_1963.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Image_of_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_in_1963.png/175px-Image_of_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_in_1963.png" width="175" height="233" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Image_of_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_in_1963.png/263px-Image_of_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_in_1963.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Image_of_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_in_1963.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="466"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Image_of_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_in_1963.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faz%C4%B1l_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk" title="Fazıl Küçük">Fazıl Küçük</a>, former <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a> leader and former Vice President of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_(1963-64).JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_%281963-64%29.JPG/220px-Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_%281963-64%29.JPG" width="220" height="151" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_%281963-64%29.JPG/330px-Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_%281963-64%29.JPG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_%281963-64%29.JPG/440px-Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_%281963-64%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="395"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Turkish_Cypriot_woman_fleeing_conflict_(1963-64).JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a> women fleeing their homes during the 1963-64 conflict</div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg/220px-Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg" width="220" height="128" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg/330px-Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg/440px-Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6274" data-file-height="3639"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_old_North_Nicosia.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saray%C3%B6n%C3%BC_Square" title="Sarayönü Square">Sarayönü Square</a> of Nicosia in 1969, after the division of the city</div> </div> </div> A united Cyprus gained independence from British rule in August 1960, after both Greek and Turkish Cypriots agreed to respectively abandon plans for <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enosis" title="Enosis">enosis</a> (union with Greece) and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksim_(politics)" title="Taksim (politics)">taksim</a> (Turkish for "partition"). The agreement involved Cyprus being governed under a constitution which apportioned Cabinet posts, parliamentary seats and civil service jobs on an agreed ratio between the two communities. Within three years, tensions between the Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots in administrative affairs began to show. In particular, disputes over separate municipalities and taxation created a deadlock in government. In 1963 <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makarios_III" title="Makarios III">President Makarios</a> proposed unilateral changes to the constitution, via <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_Amendments_proposed_by_Makarios_III" title="13 Amendments proposed by Makarios III">13 amendments</a>. Turkey and the Turkish Cypriots rejected the proposed amendments, claiming that this was an attempt to settle constitutional disputes in favour of the Greek Cypriots<a href="#cite_note-REJECTION-11">[11]</a> and as a means of demoting Turkish status from co-founders of the state to one of minority status removing their constitutional safeguards in the process. Turkish Cypriots filed a lawsuit against the 13 amendments in the Supreme Constitutional Court of Cyprus (SCCC). Makarios announced that he would not comply with whatever the decision of the SCCC would be,<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> and defended his amendments as being necessary "to resolve constitutional deadlocks" as opposed to the stance of the SCCC.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> On 25 April 1963, the SCCC decided that Makarios' 13 amendments were illegal. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Cyprus" title="Supreme Court of Cyprus">Cyprus Supreme Court</a>'s ruling found that Makarios had violated the constitution by failing to fully implement its measures and that Turkish Cypriots had not been allowed to return to their positions in government without first accepting the proposed constitutional amendments.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> On 21 May, the president of the SCCC resigned due to the Makarios' stance. On 15 July, Makarios ignored the decision of the SCCC.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> After the resignation of the president of the SCCC, the SCCC ceased to exist. The Supreme Court of Cyprus (SCC) was formed by merging the SCCC and the High Court of Cyprus and undertook the jurisdiction and powers of the SCCC and HCC.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> On 30 November, Makarios legalized the 13 proposals. In 1963, the Greek Cypriot wing of the government created the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akritas_plan" title="Akritas plan">Akritas plan</a> which outlined a policy that would remove Turkish Cypriots from the government and ultimately lead to union with Greece. The plan stated that if the Turkish Cypriots objected then they should be "violently subjugated before foreign powers could intervene".<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> On 21 December 1963, shots were fired at a Turkish Cypriot crowd that had gathered as the Greek police patrol stopped two Turkish Cypriots, claiming to ask for identification; two Turkish Cypriots were killed.<a href="#cite_note-solsten-18">[18]</a> Almost immediately, intercommunal violence broke out with a major Greek Cypriot paramilitary attack upon Turkish Cypriots in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larnaca" title="Larnaca">Larnaca</a>. Though the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Resistance_Organization" title="Turkish Resistance Organization" class="mw-redirect">TMT</a>—a Turkish resistance group created in 1959 to promote a policy of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksim_(politics)" title="Taksim (politics)">taksim</a> (division or partition of Cyprus), in opposition to the Greek Cypriot nationalist group <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EOKA" title="EOKA">EOKA</a> and its advocacy of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enosis" title="Enosis">enosis</a> (union of Cyprus with Greece)—committed a number of acts of retaliation, historian of the Cyprus conflict <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Kyle" title="Keith Kyle">Keith Kyle</a> noted that "there is no doubt that the main victims of the numerous incidents that took place during the next few months were Turks".<a href="#cite_note-REJECTION-11">[11]</a> Seven hundred Turkish hostages, including children, were taken from the northern suburbs of Nicosia. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikos_Sampson" title="Nikos Sampson">Nikos Sampson</a>, a nationalist and future coup leader, led a group of Greek Cypriot irregulars into the mixed suburb of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omorphita" title="Omorphita" class="mw-redirect">Omorphita/Küçük Kaymaklı</a> and attacked the Turkish Cypriot population.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> By 1964, 364 Turkish Cypriots and 174 Greek Cypriots had been killed.<a href="#cite_note-oberling120-20">[20]</a> Turkish Cypriot members of the government had by now withdrawn, creating an essentially Greek Cypriot administration in control of all institutions of the state. After the partnership government collapsed, the Greek Cypriot led administration was recognized as the legitimate government of the Republic of Cyprus at the stage of the debates in New York in February 1964.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In September 1964, then–<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Secretary_General" title="United Nations Secretary General" class="mw-redirect">United Nations Secretary General</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U_Thant" title="U Thant">U Thant</a> reported "UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances; it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2,000 others have suffered damage from looting".<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Widespread looting of Turkish Cypriot villages prompted 20,000 refugees to retreat into <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_Enclaves" title="Turkish Cypriot Enclaves" class="mw-redirect">armed enclaves</a>, where they remained for the next 11 years,<a href="#cite_note-HISTORY-23">[23]</a> relying on food and medical supplies from Turkey to survive. Turkish Cypriots formed paramilitary groups to defend the enclaves, leading to a gradual division of the island's communities into two hostile camps. The violence had also seen thousands of Turkish Cypriots attempt to escape the violence by emigrating to Britain, Australia and Turkey.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> On 28 December 1967, the Turkish Cypriot Provisional Administration was founded.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <h3>1974-1983[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1974-1983">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main articles: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_Cypriot_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1974 Cypriot coup d'état">1974 Cypriot coup d'état</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkish invasion of Cyprus</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Federated_State_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish Federated State of Cyprus">Turkish Federated State of Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:177px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rauf_Denktash.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Rauf_Denktash.jpg/175px-Rauf_Denktash.jpg" width="175" height="227" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Rauf_Denktash.jpg/263px-Rauf_Denktash.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Rauf_Denktash.jpg/350px-Rauf_Denktash.jpg 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="640"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rauf_Denktash.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauf_Denkta%C5%9F" title="Rauf Denktaş">Rauf Denktaş</a>, founder and former President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus</div> </div> </div> On 15 July 1974, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_military_junta_of_1967-1974" title="Greek military junta of 1967-1974" class="mw-redirect">Greek military junta of 1967-1974</a> and the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_National_Guard" title="Cypriot National Guard">Cypriot National Guard</a> backed a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_Cypriot_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1974 Cypriot coup d'état">Greek Cypriot military coup d'état</a> in Cyprus. Pro-<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enosis" title="Enosis">Enosis</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikos_Sampson" title="Nikos Sampson">Nikos Sampson</a> replaced President Makarios as the new dictator.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The Greek Cypriot coupists proclaimed the establishment of the "Hellenic Republic of Cyprus".<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Turkey claimed that under the 1960 <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Guarantee_(1960)" title="Treaty of Guarantee (1960)">Treaty of Guarantee</a>, the coup was sufficient reason for military action to protect the Turkish Cypriot populace, and thus <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkey invaded</a> Cyprus on 20 July. Turkish forces proceeded to take over the northern four-elevenths of the island (about 37% of Cyprus's total area). The coup caused a civil war filled with ethnic violence, after which it collapsed and Makarios returned to power.[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]. On 2 August 1975, in the negotiations in Vienna, a population exchange agreement was signed between community leaders <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauf_Denkta%C5%9F" title="Rauf Denktaş">Rauf Denktaş</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glafcos_Clerides" title="Glafcos Clerides">Glafcos Clerides</a> under the auspices of United Nations.<a href="#cite_note-un.org-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hakki2007-30">[30]</a> On the basis of the Agreement, 196,000 Greek Cypriots living in the north were exchanged for 42,000 Turkish Cypriots living in the south<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> (the number of settlers was disputed<a href="#cite_note-BahcheliBartmann2004-32">[32]</a>). The Orthodox <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Cypriots" title="Greek Cypriots">Greek Cypriots</a> in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizokarpaso" title="Rizokarpaso">Rizokarpaso</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayios_Andronikos,_Cyprus" title="Ayios Andronikos, Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Agios Andronikos</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agia_Trias,_Cyprus" title="Agia Trias, Cyprus">Agia Triada</a> chose to stay in their villages,<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> as did also Catholic <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maronites" title="Maronites">Maronites</a> in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asomatos,_Kyrenia" title="Asomatos, Kyrenia">Asomatos</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpasia_(town)" title="Karpasia (town)">Karpasia</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kormakitis" title="Kormakitis">Kormakitis</a>. Approximately 1,500 Greek Cypriots and 500 Turkish Cypriots remain missing.<a href="#cite_note-FLEEING-34">[34]</a> The invasion led to the formation of the first political entity in Northern Cyprus in August 1974, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_Turkish_Cypriot_Administration" title="Autonomous Turkish Cypriot Administration">Autonomous Turkish Cypriot Administration</a>. In 1975, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Federated_State_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish Federated State of Cyprus">Turkish Federated State of Cyprus</a> (Kıbrıs Türk Federe Devleti) was declared as a first step towards a future federated Cypriot state, but was rejected by the Republic of Cyprus and the United Nations. After eight years of failed negotiations with the leadership of the Greek Cypriot community,[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] the north unilaterally <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus">declared its independence</a> on 15 November 1983 under the name of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> This was rejected by the UN and the Republic of Cyprus. <h3>1983-today[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1983-today">edit</a>]</h3> In recent years, the politics of reunification has dominated the island's affairs. The European Union decided in 2000 to accept Cyprus as a member, even if it was divided. This was due to their view of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauf_Denkta%C5%9F" title="Rauf Denktaş">Rauf Denktaş</a>, the pro-independence Turkish Cypriot President, as the main stumbling block, but also due to Greece threatening to block eastern EU expansion. It was hoped that Cyprus's planned accession into the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> would act as a catalyst towards a settlement. In the time leading up to Cyprus becoming a member, a new government was elected in Turkey and Rauf Denktaş lost political power in Cyprus. In 2004, a United Nations–brokered peace settlement was presented in a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_Annan_Plan_referendums,_2004" title="Cypriot Annan Plan referendums, 2004">referendum</a> to both sides.<a href="#cite_note-Immovable-36">[36]</a> The proposed settlement was opposed by both the president of Cyprus, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tassos_Papadopoulos" title="Tassos Papadopoulos">Tassos Papadopoulos</a>, and Turkish Cypriot president <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauf_Denkta%C5%9F" title="Rauf Denktaş">Rauf Denktaş</a>; in the referendum, while 65% of Turkish Cypriots accepted the proposal, 76% of Greek Cypriots rejected it. As a result, Cyprus entered the European Union divided, with the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_acquis" title="Community acquis">effects of membership</a> suspended for Northern Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-Immovable-36">[36]</a> Denktaş resigned in the wake of the vote, ushering in the pro-settlement <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmet_Ali_Talat" title="Mehmet Ali Talat">Mehmet Ali Talat</a> as his successor. However, the pro-settlement side and Mehmet Ali Talat lost momentum due to the ongoing embargo and isolation,<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> despite promises from the European Union that these would be eased.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> As a result, the Turkish Cypriot electorate became frustrated. This led ultimately to the pro-independence side winning the general elections in 2009 and its candidate, former Prime Minister <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu" title="Derviş Eroğlu">Derviş Eroğlu</a>, winning the presidential elections in 2010. Although Eroğlu and his <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Northern_Cyprus)" title="National Unity Party (Northern Cyprus)">National Unity Party</a> favours the independence of Northern Cyprus rather than reunification with the Republic of Cyprus, he is negotiating with the Greek Cypriot side towards a settlement for reunification.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In 2011, Turkish Cypriots protested against economic reforms made by the Northern Cyprus and Turkish governments (cf. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Turkish_Cypriot_demonstrations" title="2011 Turkish Cypriot demonstrations" class="mw-redirect">2011 Turkish Cypriot demonstrations</a>). <h2>Administrative divisions[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districts_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Districts of Northern Cyprus">Districts of Northern Cyprus</a></div> Northern Cyprus is divided into five districts. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefko%C5%9Fa_District" title="Lefkoşa District">Lefkoşa</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazima%C4%9Fusa_District" title="Gazimağusa District">Gazimağusa</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia_District" title="Kyrenia District">Girne</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCzelyurt_District" title="Güzelyurt District">Güzelyurt</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0skele_District" title="İskele District">İskele</a>. In addition there are further twelve sub-districts divided between the five larger districts and twenty-eight municipalities. <div style="position: relative"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blank_district_map_Northern_Cyprus.png" class="image" title="Blank district map of Northern Cyprus"><img alt="Blank district map of Northern Cyprus" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Blank_district_map_Northern_Cyprus.png/600px-Blank_district_map_Northern_Cyprus.png" width="600" height="384" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Blank_district_map_Northern_Cyprus.png/900px-Blank_district_map_Northern_Cyprus.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Blank_district_map_Northern_Cyprus.png/1200px-Blank_district_map_Northern_Cyprus.png 2x" data-file-width="1852" data-file-height="1184"/></a> <div style="position:absolute;left:220px;top:200px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefko%C5%9Fa_District" title="Lefkoşa District">Lefkoşa</a></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:165px;top:165px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia_District" title="Kyrenia District">Girne</a></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:410px;top:120px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0skele_District" title="İskele District">İskele</a></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:95px;top:200px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCzelyurt_District" title="Güzelyurt District">Güzelyurt</a></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:295px;top:200px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazima%C4%9Fusa_District" title="Gazimağusa District">Gazimağusa</a></div> </div> <h2>Politics[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Politics">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Politics of Northern Cyprus">Politics of Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg/170px-Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg" width="170" height="213" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg/255px-Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg/340px-Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4320"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu" title="Derviş Eroğlu">Derviş Eroğlu</a> has been President of Northern Cyprus since 2010.</div> </div> </div> The politics of Northern Cyprus takes place in a framework of a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-presidential_system" title="Semi-presidential system">semi-presidential</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative democratic</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a>, whereby the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="President of Northern Cyprus">President</a> is <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> and the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister" title="Prime Minister" class="mw-redirect">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a>, and of a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party system</a>. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_power" title="Executive power" class="mw-redirect">Executive power</a> is exercised by the government. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_power" title="Legislative power" class="mw-redirect">Legislative power</a> is vested in both the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> and the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Assembly of the Republic of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Assembly of the Republic</a>. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a> is independent of the executive and the legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term. The current president is <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dervi%C5%9F_Ero%C4%9Flu" title="Derviş Eroğlu">Derviş Eroğlu</a> and the current Prime Minister is <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96zkan_Yorganc%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu" title="Özkan Yorgancıoğlu">Özkan Yorgancıoğlu</a>. The legislature is the Assembly of the Republic, which has 50 members elected by <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> from five electoral districts. In the elections of July 2013, the left-leaning pro-unification <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Turkish_Party" title="Republican Turkish Party">Republican Turkish Party</a> won an overall majority. Due to Northern Cyprus' isolation and heavy reliance on Turkish support, Turkey has a high level of influence over the country's politics. This has led to some experts characterising it as an effective <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puppet_state" title="Puppet state">puppet state</a> of Turkey.<a href="#cite_note-Kurtulus2005-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Focarelli2012-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-PanaraWilson2013-41">[41]</a> <h3>Human rights and law[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Human rights and law">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Human rights in Northern Cyprus">Human rights in Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG/220px-Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG/330px-Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG/440px-Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nicosia_3_April_2008_10.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> The law courts building in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a></div> </div> </div> In January 2011, The Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the question of Human Rights in Cyprus noted that the ongoing division of Cyprus continues to affect human rights throughout the island "... including freedom of movement, human rights pertaining to the question of missing persons, discrimination, the right to life, freedom of religion, and economic, social and cultural rights."<a href="#cite_note-ohchr-42">[42]</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_House" title="Freedom House">Freedom House</a> has classified the perceived level of democratic and political freedom in Northern Cyprus as "free" since 2000 in its <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_in_the_World_(report)" title="Freedom in the World (report)" class="mw-redirect">Freedom in the World</a> report.<a href="#cite_note-freeh-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> reported in 2001 that human rights were generally respected, although problems existed in terms of police activities and the restriction of movement.<a href="#cite_note-UNHCR-45">[45]</a> A 2009 report reported that religious freedom was generally respected, although isolated incidents of discrimination have existed.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> The US Department of State report in 2002 stated that freedom of speech and press was generally respected in Northern Cyprus,<a href="#cite_note-2002report-47">[47]</a> and the World Press Freedom Index 2010 ranked Northern Cyprus 61st in terms of freedom of the media.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In 2001, the U.S. Department of State said that Greek Cypriot and Maronite minorities are not treated as well as they should be.<a href="#cite_note-UNHCR-45">[45]</a> However, another U.S. Department of State report in 2002 reported that the government of Northern Cyprus was easing restrictions on minorities and it respected the rights of travelling abroad and emigrating,<a href="#cite_note-2002report-47">[47]</a> although they still cannot vote in elections.<a href="#cite_note-tchrf-49">[49]</a> In April 1998, the United Kingdom-based National Coalition of Anti-Deportation Campaigns asserted that the Turkish army had carried out a forced migration policy where Kurds were forced to move to Northern Cyprus from the Republic of Turkey, and The Immigration and Nationality Directorate of the United Kingdom in 1999 said that Kurds were not being discriminated against and enjoyed equal political and religious rights to others.<a href="#cite_note-UNHCR-45">[45]</a> <h3>International status and foreign relations[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: International status and foreign relations">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus">Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg/220px-Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg" width="220" height="332" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg/330px-Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg/440px-Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1168" data-file-height="1760"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Cypriot_Office_London_20060615.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> London office of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedford_Square" title="Bedford Square">Bedford Square</a>.</div> </div> </div> No nation other than Turkey<a href="#cite_note-BBC-50">[50]</a> has officially recognised Northern Cyprus as a sovereign state. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> recognises it as territory of the Republic of Cyprus under Turkish occupation.<a href="#cite_note-UN_Security_Council_Resolution_550-51">[51]</a> Pakistan and Bangladesh had initially declared their recognition of Northern Cyprus as a sovereign state shortly after its declaration of independence,<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> but they withdrew their recognition as a result of US pressure after the UN deemed the declaration illegal.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> The United Nations considers the declaration of independence by Northern Cyprus as legally invalid, as enunciated in several of its resolutions.<a href="#cite_note-UN_Security_Council_Resolution_550-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNSCR541-54">[54]</a> In the wake of the April 2004 referendum on the United Nations <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annan_Plan_for_Cyprus" title="Annan Plan for Cyprus">Annan Plan</a>, and in view of the support of the Turkish Cypriot community for the plan, the European Union made pledges towards ending the isolation of Northern Cyprus. These included measures for trade and 259 million euro in aid.[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] A pledge by the EU to lift the embargo on Northern Cyprus in the wake of the Annan Plan referendums has been blocked by the Greek Cypriot government.<a href="#cite_note-Immovable-36">[36]</a> In 2004, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Co-operation</a> upgraded the delegation of the Turkish Cypriot Muslim community from "observer community" (1979) to that of a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent_state" title="Constituent state">constituent state</a> with the designation "<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_State" title="Turkish Cypriot State">Turkish Cypriot State</a>", making Northern Cyprus an observer member of the organization.<a href="#cite_note-OIC-55">[55]</a> A number of high-profile formal meetings have also taken place between former President Mehmet Ali Talat and various foreign leaders and politicians, including the former U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a>, the then British foreign minister, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Straw" title="Jack Straw">Jack Straw</a> and former Pakistani President <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a>, and between President <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dervis_Eroglu" title="Dervis Eroglu" class="mw-redirect">Dervis Eroglu</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban_Ki-Moon" title="Ban Ki-Moon" class="mw-redirect">Ban Ki-Moon</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General</a> of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. In 2004, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_the_Council_of_Europe" title="Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe">Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe</a> gave observer status to the representatives of Turkish Cypriot community.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Since then, Northern Cyprus's representatives have actively participated in all PACE activities without voting rights. The European Union considers the area not under effective control of the Republic of Cyprus as EU territory under Turkish military occupation and thus indefinitely exempt from <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_acquis" title="Community acquis">EU legislation</a> until a settlement has been found. The status of Northern Cyprus has become a recurrent issue especially during the recent talks for <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accession_of_Turkey_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Turkey to the European Union">Turkey's membership of the EU</a> where the division of the island is seen as a major stumbling block in Turkey's road to membership.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> The Autonomous Republic of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhichivan_Autonomous_Republic" title="Nakhichivan Autonomous Republic" class="mw-redirect">Nakhichevan</a> in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> has issued a resolution recognizing the independence of Northern Cyprus. As a result of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Nagorno-Karabakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</a> issue, however, Azerbaijan itself has not recognised North Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Northern Cypriots have been applying for decades for passports issued by <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>. When the entry points with the Republic of Cyprus were closed, the applications were made either through middlemen or through consulates and embassies of Cyprus in other countries. A yearly increase in the number of applications for such passports of 10-15% was observed in years prior to 2001, when the rate greatly increased and 817 were issued in the first eight months of 2001 as compared to 448 for the whole of 2000. After the opening of the borders with the Republic of Cyprus, Turkish Cypriots started lineups applying for Cypriot passports by visiting the Republic of Cyprus and showing proof of their Cypriot ancestry.<a href="#cite_note-Navaro-Yashin2012-9">[9]</a> There are seven border crossings between Northern Cyprus and the Republic of Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Since May 2004 some tourists have taken to flying to the Republic of Cyprus directly then crossing the green line to holiday in Northern Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a>[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_(dates_and_numbers)#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style (dates and numbers)" class="mw-redirect">needs update</a>] On 18 February 2008, the Northern Cyprus government sent a message to the Republic of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> congratulating it on its <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Kosovo_declaration_of_independence" title="2008 Kosovo declaration of independence">unilateral declaration of independence</a>. A government spokesman clarified that this statement did not constitute, or signal an imminent move toward, formal diplomatic recognition of Kosovo.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In contrast, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Cyprus" title="Republic of Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Republic of Cyprus</a> has rejected Kosovo's declaration of independence and, given the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">ICJ</a> ruling that Kosovo's declaration of independence was not illegal, stated that Kosovo and Northern Cyprus were not analogous situations.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Some analysts have argued that the independence of Kosovo could provide support for the recognition of Northern Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> On September 21, 2011, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> and Northern Cyprus signed an EEZ border agreement in New York.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> In October 2011, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> signed cooperation treaties with TRNC government.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In October 2012, Northern Cyprus became an observer member of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Economic Cooperation Organisation" class="mw-redirect">Economic Cooperation Organisation</a> under the name "Turkish Cypriot State". <h3>Military[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Military">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Military of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Military of Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG/220px-Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG" width="220" height="134" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG/330px-Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG/440px-Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3064" data-file-height="1863"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Cyprus_Republic_Day_parade_2007_2.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a> soldiers of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Forces_Command" title="Security Forces Command">Security Forces Command</a> perform during a Republic Day parade.</div> </div> </div> The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Forces_Command" title="Security Forces Command">Security Forces Command</a> consists of a 9,000 strong force primarily made up of conscripted Turkish Cypriot males between the ages of 18 and 40.[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] There is also an additional reserve force which consists of about 10,000 first-line and 16,000 second-line troops conscripted up to the age of 50. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Forces_Command" title="Security Forces Command">Security Forces Command</a> is lightly armed and heavily dependent on its mainland Turkish allies, from which it draws much of its officer corps.<a href="#cite_note-SolstenDivision1993-68">[68]</a> It is led by a Brigadier General drawn from the Turkish Army. It acts essentially as a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gendarmerie" title="Gendarmerie">gendarmerie</a> charged with protection of the border of Northern Cyprus from Greek Cypriot incursions and maintaining internal security within Northern Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-janes-69">[69]</a> In addition, the mainland <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a> maintains the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_Turkish_Peace_Force" title="Cyprus Turkish Peace Force" class="mw-redirect">Cyprus Turkish Peace Force</a> which consists of around 30–40,000 troops drawn from the 9th Turkish Army Corps and comprising two divisions, the 28th and 39th. It is equipped with a substantial number of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US" title="US" class="mw-redirect">US</a>-made <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M48_Patton#Turkish_variants" title="M48 Patton">M48 Patton</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_battle_tanks" title="Main battle tanks" class="mw-redirect">main battle tanks</a> and artillery weapons. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkish Air Force</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Navy" title="Turkish Navy" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Navy</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Coast_Guard" title="Turkish Coast Guard" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Coast Guard</a> also have a presence in Northern Cyprus. Although formally part of Turkish 4th Army, headquartered in İzmir, the sensitivities of the Cyprus situation means that the commander of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_Turkish_Peace_Force" title="Cyprus Turkish Peace Force" class="mw-redirect">Cyprus Turkish Peace Force</a> also reports directly to the Turkish General Staff in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_Turkish_Peace_Force" title="Cyprus Turkish Peace Force" class="mw-redirect">Cyprus Turkish Peace Force</a> is deployed principally along the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Cyprus)" title="Green Line (Cyprus)" class="mw-redirect">Green Line</a> and in locations where hostile amphibious landings might take place.<a href="#cite_note-janes-69">[69]</a> The presence of the mainland Turkish military in Cyprus is highly controversial, having been denounced as an occupation force by the Republic of Cyprus and the international community. Several <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> resolutions have called on the Turkish forces to withdraw.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-10">[10]</a> A 2011 article published in Defence and Peace Economics by Mete Feridun of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">University of Greenwich</a> and Bansi Sawhney of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Baltimore" title="University of Baltimore">University of Baltimore</a>, military expenditure in North Cyprus has a statistically significant impact on economic growth.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <h2>Geography[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main articles: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Cyprus" title="Geography of Cyprus">Geography of Cyprus</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Cyprus" title="Climate of Cyprus">Climate of Cyprus</a></div> <div class="center"> <div class="thumb tnone"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:1092px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Morphou_Bay.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Morphou_Bay.jpg/1090px-Morphou_Bay.jpg" width="1090" height="166" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Morphou_Bay.jpg/1635px-Morphou_Bay.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Morphou_Bay.jpg/2180px-Morphou_Bay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10626" data-file-height="1617"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Morphou_Bay.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Panoramic view of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCzelyurt_District" title="Güzelyurt District">Güzelyurt District</a>, and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphou_Bay" title="Morphou Bay">Morphou Bay</a> as seen from the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troodos_Mountains" title="Troodos Mountains">Troodos mountains</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> Northern Cyprus has an area of 3,355 square miles (8,689 km2), which amounts to around a third of the island. 75 kilometres (47 mi) to the north of Northern Cyprus lies <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> with <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> lying 97 kilometres (60.3 mi) to the east. It lies between latitudes 34° and 36° N, and longitudes 32° and 35° E. The coastline of Northern Cyprus features two bays: the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphou_Bay" title="Morphou Bay">Morphou Bay</a> and the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famagusta_Bay" title="Famagusta Bay">Famagusta Bay</a>, and there are four capes: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Apostolos_Andreas" title="Cape Apostolos Andreas">Cape Apostolos Andreas</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Kormakitis" title="Cape Kormakitis">Cape Kormakitis</a>, Cape Zeytin and Cape Kasa, with Cape Apostolos Andreas being the endpoint of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpaz_Peninsula" title="Karpaz Peninsula" class="mw-redirect">Karpaz Peninsula</a>. The narrow <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia_Mountains" title="Kyrenia Mountains">Kyrenia mountain range</a> lies along the northern coastline, and the highest point in Northern Cyprus, Mount Selvili, lies in this mountain range with an altitude of 1,024 metres (3,360 ft).<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesaoria" title="Mesaoria">Mesaoria</a> plain, extending from the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCzelyurt_district" title="Güzelyurt district" class="mw-redirect">Güzelyurt district</a> to the eastern coastline is another defining landscape. The Mesaoria plains consist of plain fields and small hills, and is crossed by several seasonal streams. The eastern part of the plain is used for dry agriculture, such as the cultivation of wheat and barley, and are therefore predominantly green in the winter and spring, while it turns yellow and brown in the summer.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> 56.7% of the land in Northern Cyprus is agriculturally viable.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <h3>Biodiversity[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Biodiversity">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG/220px-Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG" width="220" height="161" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG/330px-Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG/440px-Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4188" data-file-height="3066"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wild_donkeys_on_Cyprus.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Wild Cyprus donkeys inhabit the mainly remote northern region of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0skele_District" title="İskele District">İskele District</a>.</div> </div> </div> Northern Cyprus is home to a large amount of ecological diversity and is a relatively unspoilt part of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean Basin</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity_hotspot" title="Biodiversity hotspot">biodiversity hotspot</a>, containing a variety of terrestrial <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitats</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Its flora contains around 1900 plant species, of which 19 are endemic to Northern Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-metuf-75">[75]</a> Even in the urban areas, there is a lot of diversity: a study conducted on the banks of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedieos" title="Pedieos">Pedieos</a> river around Nicosia found more than 750 different plant species.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Among these species are 30 of the orchid species that are endemic to Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-metuf-75">[75]</a> An endangered species that is the subject of folk tales and myths is the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancratium_maritimum" title="Pancratium maritimum">sea daffodil</a>, found in the sandy beaches and endangered due to the disruption of their habitats.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The medoş tulip (Tulipa cypria) is a notable species that is endemic to Northern Cyprus; it is only found in the villages of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diorios" title="Diorios">Tepebaşı/Diorios</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayios_Symeon" title="Ayios Symeon" class="mw-redirect">Avtepe/Ayios Simeon</a>, and is celebrated with an annual festival.<a href="#cite_note-flouna-78">[78]</a> In the national park in the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpaz_Peninsula" title="Karpaz Peninsula" class="mw-redirect">Karpaz Peninsula</a> around <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Apostolos_Andreas" title="Cape Apostolos Andreas">Cape Apostolos Andreas</a>, there is a population of wild <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_donkey" title="Cyprus donkey">Cyprus donkeys</a> around 1000. These donkeys, under the protection of the Turkish Cypriot government, are free to wander around an area of 300 square kilometers in herds.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> The donkeys have earned a strong image for the peninsula, which is also home to a rich fauna and relatively big forests.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The beaches of Northern Cyprus also sites where hundreds of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loggerhead_turtle" title="Loggerhead turtle" class="mw-redirect">loggerhead turtles</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_turtle" title="Green turtle" class="mw-redirect">green turtles</a> lay eggs, which hatch at the end of the summer, followed by observers.<a href="#cite_note-flouna-78">[78]</a> <h3>Climate[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_(North_Cyprus)_2003.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_%28North_Cyprus%29_2003.jpg/220px-Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_%28North_Cyprus%29_2003.jpg" width="220" height="145" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_%28North_Cyprus%29_2003.jpg/330px-Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_%28North_Cyprus%29_2003.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_%28North_Cyprus%29_2003.jpg/440px-Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_%28North_Cyprus%29_2003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1312"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Morning_beach_near_Mehmetcik_(North_Cyprus)_2003.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Beach near <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galateia" title="Galateia">Mehmetcik</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0skele_District" title="İskele District">İskele District</a></div> </div> </div> The winter in Northern Cyprus is cool and rainy, particularly between December and February, with 60% of annual rainfall.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> These rains produce winter torrents that fill most of the rivers, which typically dry up as the year progresses. Snow has been known to fall on the Kyrenia Range, but seldom elsewhere in spite of low night temperatures. The short spring is characterized by unstable weather, occasional heavy storms and the "meltem", or westerly wind. Summer is hot and dry enough to turn low-lying lands on the island brown. Parts of the island experience the "Poyraz", a north-westerly wind, or the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirocco" title="Sirocco">sirocco</a>, a wind from Africa, which is dry and dusty. Summer is followed by a short, turbulent autumn. Climate conditions on the island vary by geographical factors. The Mesaoria Plain, cut off from the summer breezes and from much of the humidity of the sea, may reach temperature peaks of 40 to 45 °C (104 to 113 °F). Humidity rises at the Karpaz Peninsula. Humidity and water temperature, 16 to 28 °C (61 to 82 °F), combine to stabilize coastal weather, which does not experience inland extremes. The Southern Range blocks air currents that bring rain and atmospheric humidity from the south-west, diminishing both on its eastern side. <h2>Economy[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Economy of Northern Cyprus">Economy of Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG/220px-Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG/330px-Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG/440px-Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kyrenia_Harbor.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a> (Girne) is one of the main tourist resorts in Northern Cyprus. Tourism is one of the dominant sectors of the Northern Cyprus' economy.</div> </div> </div> The economy of Northern Cyprus is dominated by the services sector (69% of GDP in 2007) which includes the public sector, trade, tourism and education. The revenues gained by the education sector in 2011 was $400 million.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Industry (light manufacturing) contributes 22% of GDP and agriculture 9%.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-83">[83]</a> In 2014, Northern Cyprus became the top country in Europe in entrepreneurial intent to start a new business.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Economic development is adversely affected by the continuing Cyprus problem. The Republic of Cyprus, as the internationally recognised authority, has declared airports and ports in the area not under its effective control closed. All UN and EU member states respect the closure of those ports and airports.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Because of its disputed status and the embargo placed upon it, Northern Cyprus is heavily dependent on Turkish economic support.<a href="#cite_note-indepuni-86">[86]</a> Despite some economic development, the country is still dependent on monetary transfers from the Turkish government.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-83">[83]</a> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg/220px-Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg/330px-Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg/440px-Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Merit_and_YAR_highrises_in_North_Nicosia_3.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> A hotel and the headquarters of a large company in Nicosia, the center of the Turkish Cypriot economy.</div> </div> </div> Northern Cyprus uses the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Lira" title="Turkish Lira" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Lira</a> as its currency which links its economy to that of Turkey's. Since the Republic of Cyprus joined the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> zone and the movement of peoples between the north and south has become more free, the Euro is also in wide circulation.[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Exports and imports have to go via Turkey unless they are produced locally from materials sourced in Cyprus (or imported via one of the island's recognised ports) and may thus be exported via one of the recognised ports.[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Despite the constraints imposed by the lack of international recognition, the nominal GDP growth rates of the economy in 2001–2005 were 5.4%, 6.9%, 11.4%, 15.4% and 10.6%, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-Oxford-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-Unistar-88">[88]</a> The real GDP growth rate in 2007 was estimated at 2%.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-83">[83]</a> This growth has been buoyed by the relative stability of the Turkish Lira and a boom in the education and construction sectors. Between 2002 and 2007, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_National_Product" title="Gross National Product" class="mw-redirect">Gross National Product</a> per capita more than tripled, from US$4,409 in 2002 to US$16,158 (in current U.S. dollars).<a href="#cite_note-yb2006-1">[1]</a> In 2011, North Cyprus sold electricity to the Republic of Cyprus following an <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelos_Florakis_Naval_Base_explosion" title="Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion">explosion</a> in the southern part of the island which affected a large power station.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus_Water_Supply_Project" title="Northern Cyprus Water Supply Project">Northern Cyprus Water Supply Project</a>, due to be completed in 2015, is aimed at delivering water for drinking and irrigation from southern Turkey via a pipeline under the Mediterranean Sea.<a href="#cite_note-dsi-90">[90]</a> International telephone calls are routed via a Turkish <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_calling_code" title="Country calling code" class="mw-redirect">dialling code</a> (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2B90" title="+90" class="mw-redirect">+90 392</a>) as Northern Cyprus has neither its own country code nor official <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITU_prefix" title="ITU prefix">ITU prefix</a>.<a href="#cite_note-USA2008-91">[91]</a> Similarly with the internet Northern Cyprus has no <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CcTLD" title="CcTLD" class="mw-redirect">top level domain</a> of its own and is under the Turkish second-level domain <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nc.tr" title=".nc.tr" class="mw-redirect">.nc.tr</a>. Items of mail must be addressed 'via Mersin 10, TURKEY' as the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">Universal Postal Union</a> does not recognise Northern Cyprus as a separate entity.<a href="#cite_note-USA2008-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-Office2010-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-Maric2009-93">[93]</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">Amateur radio</a> operators sometimes use <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callsign" title="Callsign" class="mw-redirect">callsigns</a> beginning with "1B", but these have no standing for awards or other operating credit. <h3>Tourism[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Tourism in Northern Cyprus">Tourism in Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="center"> <div class="thumb tnone"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:1092px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama,_North_Cyprus.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama%2C_North_Cyprus.jpg/1090px-Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama%2C_North_Cyprus.jpg" width="1090" height="202" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama%2C_North_Cyprus.jpg/1635px-Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama%2C_North_Cyprus.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama%2C_North_Cyprus.jpg/2180px-Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama%2C_North_Cyprus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5083" data-file-height="942"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kyrenia_Harbour_Panorama,_North_Cyprus.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Panoramic view of the Kyrenia Harbour, with the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian</a>-era <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia_Castle" title="Kyrenia Castle">Kyrenia Castle</a> on the far left, and the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia_Mountains" title="Kyrenia Mountains">Kyrenia Mountains</a> in the background</div> </div> </div> </div> Tourism is considered as one of the driving sectors of the Turkish Cypriot economy. The country received over 1.1 million tourists in 2012,<a href="#cite_note-turanket-94">[94]</a> when hotels and restaurants generated an income of $328 million<a href="#cite_note-secgdp-95">[95]</a> and constituted 8.5% of the GDP.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Accommodation and catering created more than 10,000 jobs in the same year.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> The tourism sector has seen great development in the 2000s and 2010s, with the number of tourists more than doubling, increased investment and hotel construction; official estimates of income derived from tourism were around 700 million US dollars in 2013 and the total bed capacity was estimated to be around 20,000.<a href="#cite_note-tgbakan-98">[98]</a> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Casino_in_Girne_(Nord-Cypern)_2003.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Casino_in_Girne_%28Nord-Cypern%29_2003.jpg/220px-Casino_in_Girne_%28Nord-Cypern%29_2003.jpg" width="220" height="145" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Casino_in_Girne_%28Nord-Cypern%29_2003.jpg/330px-Casino_in_Girne_%28Nord-Cypern%29_2003.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Casino_in_Girne_%28Nord-Cypern%29_2003.jpg/440px-Casino_in_Girne_%28Nord-Cypern%29_2003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1312"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Casino_in_Girne_(Nord-Cypern)_2003.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Casino tourism is one of the major sectors of the North Cyprus economy.</div> </div> </div> Kyrenia is considered the capital of tourism in Northern Cyprus, with its numerous hotels, entertainment facilities, vibrant nightlife and shopping areas.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In 2012, 62.7% of the visitors in Northern Cyprus stayed in the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girne_District" title="Girne District">Girne District</a> during their visit.<a href="#cite_note-turanket-94">[94]</a> Out of the 145 hotels in Northern Cyprus, 99 were in the Girne District in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-tgbakan-98">[98]</a> Northern Cyprus has traditionally been an attraction for beach holidays, partly thanks to its reputation as an unspoiled area. Its mild climate, rich history and nature are seen as sources of attraction. A significant sector of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eco-tourism" title="Eco-tourism" class="mw-redirect">eco-tourism</a> has been developed in Northern Cyprus, as tourists visit it for birdwatching, cycling, walking and observing flowers in the wild.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> It is praised for its relative safety, and especially for the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpass_Peninsula" title="Karpass Peninsula">Karpass Peninsula</a>, its well-preservation.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> The peninsula is home to several sorts of tourism: it hosts the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokolida" title="Vokolida">Bafra</a> Tourism Area as a center for beach-goers, where four luxurious and large hotels were built until 2014, several facilities and regular festivals that highlight its rural qualities and exhibit local traditions, a remote natural park, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantara_Castle" title="Kantara Castle">Kantara Castle</a> attracting sightseers, and a marina that was built to host international yachts and boats, along with large facilities.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Casino tourism has also grown to become a significant contribution to the economy in Northern Cyprus. They were first opened in the 1990s, and have since become very popular with visitors from Turkey and the rest of the island, where casinos are banned. This has led to huge investments in the casino sector.<a href="#cite_note-ertr-103">[103]</a> However, the sector has been criticized due to claims of its lack of benefits for the small and middle-scale business and shop owners.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> The "nightclubs" that have been established for prostitution attract sex tourism to Northern Cyprus and the industry has been described as a "civilized one", despite the sex workers being described as "vulnerable to abuse".<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <h3>Infrastructure[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG/220px-Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG/330px-Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG/440px-Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ercan_Airport_North_Cyprus_005.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ercan_International_Airport" title="Ercan International Airport">Ercan International Airport</a> serves as the main port of entry into Northern Cyprus.</div> </div> </div> The share of the transport and communications industry in the GDP of Northern Cyprus is constantly varying; it decreased from 12.1% in 2008 to 8.5% in 2011, but rose again to 9.3% in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-secgdp-95">[95]</a> Air transport is a major route of entry into Northern Cyprus. The country is home to two airports, the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ercan_International_Airport" title="Ercan International Airport">Ercan International Airport</a> and the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge%C3%A7itkale_Air_Base" title="Geçitkale Air Base">Geçitkale Airport</a>, of which only Ercan is currently functioning.<a href="#cite_note-cypnet-107">[107]</a> The Ercan airport saw an important renovation in the 2010s that greatly increased its passenger traffic, it was used by 1.76 million passengers in the first seven months of 2014 alone.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Non-stop flights are only available from multiple points in Turkey through a number of Turkish carriers.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_flight" title="Direct flight">Direct</a> scheduled and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_flight" title="Charter flight" class="mw-redirect">charter flights</a> take place from other countries, but with mandatory stopovers in Turkey. 600 charter flights were scheduled for 2013. Scheduled destinations include cities such as <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>,<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> while charter flight destinations include cities such as <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Direct flights to Northern Cyprus and the trade traffic through the Northern Cypriot ports are restricted as part of the embargo on Northern Cypriot ports.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The airports of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge%C3%A7itkale_airport" title="Geçitkale airport" class="mw-redirect">Geçitkale</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ercan_airport" title="Ercan airport" class="mw-redirect">Ercan</a> are only recognised as legal ports of entry by Turkey and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Direct charter flights between <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> and North Cyprus started on 20 June 2011.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> The seaports in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famagusta" title="Famagusta">Famagusta</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a> have been declared closed to all shipping by the Republic of Cyprus since 1974.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> By agreement between Northern Cyprus and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, there was a ship tour between Famagusta and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latakia" title="Latakia">Latakia</a>, Syria before the outbreak of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a>. Since the opening of the Green Line Turkish Cypriot residents are allowed to trade through Greek Cypriot ports.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> With the lack of a railway system, the country's highways are used for transport between major cities. In the 21st century, these highways were upgraded into <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_carriageway" title="Dual carriageway">dual carriageways</a>, with some roads in the Karpass area still being upgraded as of 2015. Northern Cyprus has around 7000 km of roads, with two thirds of these roads paved.<a href="#cite_note-cypnet-107">[107]</a> Recent constructions included the construction of a Northern Coast Highway, which was hailed as a major incentive for economic development.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <h2>Demographics[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="hatnote boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Cyprus" title="Demographics of Cyprus">Demographics of Cyprus</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriots" title="Turkish Cypriots">Turkish Cypriots</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg/220px-Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg/330px-Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg/440px-Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Turkish_Cypriot_elders_playing_backgammon.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a> elders playing <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backgammon" title="Backgammon">backgammon</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg/220px-Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg" width="220" height="124" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg/330px-Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg/440px-Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4224" data-file-height="2376"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Children_in_North_Nicosia.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Turkish Cypriot children in the walled part of North Nicosia</div> </div> </div> Northern Cyprus's first official census was performed in 1996. The population recorded was 200,587.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> The second census, carried out in 2006, revealed the population of Northern Cyprus to be 265,100,<a href="#cite_note-census2006-120">[120]</a> of which majority is composed of indigenous <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriots" title="Turkish Cypriots">Turkish Cypriots</a>, with the rest including a large number of settlers from Turkey. Of the 178,000 Turkish Cypriot citizens, 82% are native Cypriots (145,000). Of the 45,000 people born to non- Cypriot parentage, nearly 40% (17,000) were born in Cyprus. The figure for non-citizens, including students, guest workers and temporary residents stood at 78,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-census2006-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The third official census of Northern Cyprus was carried out in 2011, made under the auspices of UN observers. It returned a total population of 294,906.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> These results were disputed by some political parties, labour unions and local newspapers. The government was accused of deliberately under-counting the population, after apparently giving an estimate of 700,000 before the census, in order to demand financial help from Turkey.<a href="#cite_note-censusDoubts-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-censusOverestimates-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-census2011-125">[125]</a> One source claims that the population in the north has reached 500,000,<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> split between 50% Turkish Cypriots and 50% Turkish settlers or Cypriot-born children of such settlers.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Researcher Mete Hatay has written that such reports are "wildly speculative" and are picked up by opposition parties for political benefit, which resulted in reports in the south. Such reports have never been scientifically or statistically scrutinized, despite opportunities of opposition parties to do so using the electoral rolls in their possession, thereby continuing a "war of numbers".<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The Government of Northern Cyprus estimates that the 1983 population of Northern Cyprus was 155,521.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> Estimates by the government of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Republic of Cyprus</a> from 2001 place the population at 200,000, of which 80–89,000 are Turkish Cypriots and 109,000–117,000 are designated as Turkish settlers by the Republic of Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-Euromosaic-130">[130]</a> An island-wide census in 1960 indicated the number of Turkish Cypriots as 102,000 and Greek Cypriots as 450,000.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Estimates state that 36,000 Turkish Cypriots (about one-third of the total) emigrated in the period 1975–1995, with the consequence that within Northern Cyprus the native Turkish Cypriots have been outnumbered by settlers from Turkey.<a href="#cite_note-Euromosaic-130">[130]</a> Northern Cyprus is almost entirely Turkish-speaking. English, however, is widely spoken as a second language.[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] There are 644 <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Cypriot" title="Greek Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Greek Cypriots</a> living in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizokarpaso" title="Rizokarpaso">Rizokarpaso</a> (Dipkarpaz) and 364 <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maronites" title="Maronites">Maronites</a> in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kormakitis" title="Kormakitis">Kormakitis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Between 180,000 to 200,000 Greek Cypriots were forcibly evicted from their homes in the North by the invading force of the Turkish army.<a href="#cite_note-Denver_journal_of_international_law_and_policy-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mallinson2011-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-H.C3.B6rnerD.C3.B6bert2006-135">[135]</a> Rizokarpaso is the home of the biggest Greek-speaking population in the north. The Greek-Cypriot inhabitants are still supplied by the UN, and Greek-Cypriot products are consequently available in some shops.[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <table class="navbox"> <tr> <th colspan="10" class="navbox-title"> <div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="float: left;height:2.6em;"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Largest_cities_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Template:Largest cities of Northern Cyprus">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Largest_cities_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Template talk:Largest cities of Northern Cyprus">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Largest_cities_of_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;">Largest cities or towns in Northern Cyprus <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/Nufus-2011/nufus%20ikinci_.pdf">TRNC 2011 Population and Housing Census</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank</th> <th><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of cities in Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Name</a></th> <th><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districts_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Districts of Northern Cyprus">District</a></th> <th>Pop.</th> <th></th> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:St_sophia.jpg" class="image" title="North Nicosia"><img alt="North Nicosia" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/St_sophia.jpg/120px-St_sophia.jpg" width="120" height="90" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/St_sophia.jpg/180px-St_sophia.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/St_sophia.jpg/240px-St_sophia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"/></a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg" class="image" title="Famagusta"><img alt="Famagusta" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg/120px-St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg" width="120" height="88" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg/180px-St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg/240px-St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1841" data-file-height="1357"/></a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famagusta" title="Famagusta">Famagusta</a></td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefko%C5%9Fa_District" title="Lefkoşa District">Lefkoşa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">61,378</td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bellapais_-_Blick_auf_Kyrenia.jpg" class="image" title="Kyrenia"><img alt="Kyrenia" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Bellapais_-_Blick_auf_Kyrenia.jpg/120px-Bellapais_-_Blick_auf_Kyrenia.jpg" width="120" height="80" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Bellapais_-_Blick_auf_Kyrenia.jpg/180px-Bellapais_-_Blick_auf_Kyrenia.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Bellapais_-_Blick_auf_Kyrenia.jpg/240px-Bellapais_-_Blick_auf_Kyrenia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1712"/></a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Guzelyurt_church_01.jpg" class="image" title="Morphou"><img alt="Morphou" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Guzelyurt_church_01.jpg/120px-Guzelyurt_church_01.jpg" width="120" height="80" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Guzelyurt_church_01.jpg/180px-Guzelyurt_church_01.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Guzelyurt_church_01.jpg/240px-Guzelyurt_church_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="242"/></a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphou" title="Morphou">Morphou</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famagusta" title="Famagusta">Famagusta</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazima%C4%9Fusa_District" title="Gazimağusa District">Gazimağusa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,920</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girne_District" title="Girne District">Girne</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">33,207</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphou" title="Morphou">Morphou</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCzelyurt_District" title="Güzelyurt District">Güzelyurt</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">18,946</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6nyeli" title="Gönyeli">Gönyeli</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefko%C5%9Fa_District" title="Lefkoşa District">Lefkoşa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,277</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kythrea" title="Kythrea">Kythrea</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefko%C5%9Fa_District" title="Lefkoşa District">Lefkoşa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,895</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefka" title="Lefka">Lefka</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCzelyurt_District" title="Güzelyurt District">Güzelyurt</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,091</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dikomo" title="Dikomo">Dikomo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girne_District" title="Girne District">Girne</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,120</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trikomo,_Cyprus" title="Trikomo, Cyprus">Trikomo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0skele_District" title="İskele District">İskele</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,906</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapithos" title="Lapithos">Lapithos</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girne_District" title="Girne District">Girne</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,839</td> </tr> </table> <h3>Religion[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Religion in Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Religion in Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg/220px-St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg" width="220" height="162" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg/330px-St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg/440px-St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1841" data-file-height="1357"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:St._Nikolaos_Mustafa-_Pascha-Moschee_C.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lala_Mustafa_Pasha_Mosque" title="Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque">Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque</a> in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famagusta" title="Famagusta">Famagusta</a></div> </div> </div> The majority of Turkish Cypriots (99%) are <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Muslims" title="Sunni Muslims" class="mw-redirect">Sunni Muslims</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Boyle_and_Sheen_1997_loc.3D290-136">[136]</a> whilst a small number are <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a> Muslims.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Turkish Cypriots are not conservative and many do not practice their religion.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> As they are overwhelmingly secular, alcohol is frequently consumed within the community and most Turkish Cypriot women do not cover their heads.<a href="#cite_note-Boyle_and_Sheen_1997_loc.3D290-136">[136]</a> However, religion still plays a role within the community. Turkish Cypriot males are generally <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_male_circumcision" title="Religious male circumcision">circumcised</a> in accordance with religious beliefs.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> <h3>Education[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Education in Northern Cyprus">Education in Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG/220px-Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG/330px-Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG/440px-Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Girne_Amerikan_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Kamp%C3%BCs.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girne_American_University" title="Girne American University">Girne American University</a> in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a>, Northern Cyprus</div> </div> </div> The education system in Northern Cyprus consists of pre-school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education. Five years of primary education is mandatory. Higher Education Planning Evaluation Accreditation and Coordination Council (YÖDAK) of Northern Cyprus is a member of International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education (INQAAHE).<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> In 2013 there were 63,765 university students from 114 countries in nine universities in Northern Cyprus. In 2014, the number of students increased to 70,004, (15,210 Turkish Cypriots; 36,148 from Turkey; 18,646 international students):<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_East_University" title="Near East University">Near East University</a> (NEU),<a href="#cite_note-neu.edu.tr-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-mastersportal.eu-145">[145]</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girne_American_University" title="Girne American University">Girne American University</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East_Technical_University" title="Middle East Technical University">Middle East Technical University-TRNC</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_University_of_Lefke" title="European University of Lefke">European University of Lefke</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_International_University" title="Cyprus International University">Cyprus International University</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Mediterranean_University" title="Eastern Mediterranean University">Eastern Mediterranean University</a> (EMU), <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul_Technical_University" title="Istanbul Technical University">Istanbul Technical University-TRNC</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Mediterranean_Karpasia" title="University of Mediterranean Karpasia">University of Mediterranean Karpasia</a>, and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Kyrenia" title="University of Kyrenia">University of Kyrenia</a>, all established since 1974. EMU is an internationally recognised institution of higher learning with more than 1000 faculty members from 35 countries. There are 15,000 students in EMU representing 68 nationalities. The 8 universities have been approved by the Higher Education Council of Turkey. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Mediterranean_University" title="Eastern Mediterranean University">Eastern Mediterranean University</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_East_University" title="Near East University">Near East University</a><a href="#cite_note-neu.edu.tr-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-mastersportal.eu-145">[145]</a> are full individual members of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">European University Association</a>.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> EMU is a full member of Community of Mediterranean Universities, Federation Universities of Islamic World, International Association of Universities and International Council of Graphic Design Associations,<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> and was ranked as the best university in the island and among the top 500 in Europe by <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webometrics_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Webometrics Ranking of World Universities">Webometrics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girne_American_University" title="Girne American University">Girne American University</a>, in the northern coastal city of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a>, opened a campus in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canterbury" title="Canterbury">Canterbury</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> in 2009,<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> and was accredited by the British Accreditation Council in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> Northern Cyprus regularly participates in international Robocup competition, and took 14th place out of 20 in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> The country has supercomputers with which it participates in CERN experiments that led to the discovery of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_boson" title="Higgs boson">Higgs boson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> Northern Cyprus is among participant countries of Solar Challenge of solar powered vehicles in South Africa in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> <h2>Culture[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Culture of Northern Cyprus">Culture of Northern Cyprus</a></div> <h3>Music and dance[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Music and dance">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:182px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ziynet_Sali.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ziynet_Sali.jpg/180px-Ziynet_Sali.jpg" width="180" height="270" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ziynet_Sali.jpg/270px-Ziynet_Sali.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ziynet_Sali.jpg/360px-Ziynet_Sali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="1024"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ziynet_Sali.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziynet_Sali" title="Ziynet Sali">Ziynet Sali</a> is a <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a> pop singer famous in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> and Northern Cyprus.</div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg/220px-Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg/330px-Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg/440px-Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dancers.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a> children, dressed in traditional clothing, preparing for a folk-dance show</div> </div> </div> <div class="hatnote boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dances" title="Turkish Cypriot folk dances">Turkish Cypriot folk dances</a></div> Turkish Cypriot folk music consists of a rich variety of local tunes, influenced by the mainland Turkish music to a limited extent. Historically, it was shaped around the tradition of weddings, the primary social gatherings at the time. Violin, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goblet_drum" title="Goblet drum">goblet drum</a>, known locally as "darbuka", <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zurna" title="Zurna">zurna</a> and other drums were heavily used in these gatherings, and a large number of traditional songs developed based on this legacy.<a href="#cite_note-neukultur-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> Turkish Cypriot culture also incorporates a great diversity of folk dances with various influences, including different versions of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karsilamas" title="Karsilamas">karsilamas</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87iftetelli" title="Çiftetelli" class="mw-redirect">çiftetelli</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeybek_dance" title="Zeybek dance">zeybek</a>. The Northern Cyprus State Symphony Orchestra has been active since 1975. The <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellapais_Abbey" title="Bellapais Abbey">Bellapais Abbey</a> in Kyrenia hosts international festivals of classical music, and is considered in important platform of classical music.<a href="#cite_note-neukultur-155">[155]</a> North Nicosia has its own Nicosia Municipal Orchestra that performs at open spaces, such as parks and squares, and is also home to the annual Walled City Jazz Festival.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BCya_Taner" title="Rüya Taner">Rüya Taner</a> is a Turkish Cypriot pianist who has achieved international acclaim. Turkish Cypriot cities and towns regularly organize festivals that include performances of local and international singers and bands.<a href="#cite_note-neukultur-155">[155]</a> Some Turkish Cypriot singers, such as <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziynet_Sali" title="Ziynet Sali">Ziynet Sali</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%9F%C4%B1n_Karaca" title="Işın Karaca">Işın Karaca</a>, have achieved fame in Turkey. The Turkish Cypriot band <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=S%C4%B1la_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sıla 4 (page does not exist)">Sıla 4</a> produced music that is considered essential for the Turkish Cypriot identity, and also acquired fame in Turkey.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> Rock and pop music are popular with the public in Northern Cyprus, important singers and bands include <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS_(band)" title="SOS (band)">SOS</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikri_Karayel" title="Fikri Karayel">Fikri Karayel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> <h3>Literature[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Literature">edit</a>]</h3> Poetry is the most widely published form of literature in Northern Cyprus. Turkish Cypriot poetry is based on both the effects of Turkish literature and the culture of the island of Cyprus, along with some reflection of the British colonial history.<a href="#cite_note-siir-161">[161]</a> The first era of Turkish Cypriot poetry after the introduction of the Latin alphabet, characterised by poets such as <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nazif_S%C3%BCleyman_Ebeo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazif Süleyman Ebeoğlu (page does not exist)">Nazif Süleyman Ebeoğlu</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urkiye_Mine_Balman" title="Urkiye Mine Balman">Urkiye Mine Balman</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Engin_G%C3%B6n%C3%BCl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Engin Gönül (page does not exist)">Engin Gönül</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Necla_Salih_Suphi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Necla Salih Suphi (page does not exist)">Necla Salih Suphi</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pembe_Marmara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembe Marmara (page does not exist)">Pembe Marmara</a>, had strong nationalistic elements due to the political attitudes of Turkish Cypriots at the time and stylistically reflected the poetry of the Turkish mainland. Meanwhile, other poets, such as <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zker_Ya%C5%9F%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Özker Yaşın (page does not exist)">Özker Yaşın</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_T%C3%BCrkay" title="Osman Türkay">Osman Türkay</a>, who was nominated for the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> twice,<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nevzat_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nevzat Yalçın (page does not exist)">Nevzat Yalçın</a> sought to write in more original styles, with the influence of nascent poetic styles in Turkey and those in Britain. This group of poets were very prolific and increased the popularity of poetry in the Turkish Cypriot community, and are seen as key figures in Turkish Cypriot literature.<a href="#cite_note-siir-161">[161]</a> The nationalism gave way to a notion of Cypriotness in the 1970s, with the influence of Yaşın, Türkay and Yalçın. During this period, the so-called "1974 generation of poets" arose, led by poets including <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmet_Ya%C5%9F%C4%B1n" title="Mehmet Yaşın">Mehmet Yaşın</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hakk%C4%B1_Y%C3%BCcel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hakkı Yücel (page does not exist)">Hakkı Yücel</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nice_Denizo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nice Denizoğlu (page does not exist)">Nice Denizoğlu</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C5%9Fe_Ya%C5%9F%C4%B1n" title="Neşe Yaşın">Neşe Yaşın</a>, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ay%C5%9Fen_Da%C4%9Fl%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ayşen Dağlı (page does not exist)">Ayşen Dağlı</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canan_S%C3%BCmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canan Sümer (page does not exist)">Canan Sümer</a>. The poetry of this generation was characterized by the appreciation of the Turkish Cypriot identity as distinct from Turkish identity and the identification of Cyprus as the Turkish Cypriot homeland instead of Turkey, in contrast to the previous nationalist poetry. This approach is often called the "Cypriot poetry of rejection" as it resists the influence of Turkey, highlighting the cultural rift between Turkey and Cyprus due to the recent experience of war and therefore the independence of the Turkish Cypriot poetry and identity. This was followed by an increased adoption of the Mediterranean identity in the 1980s, accompanied by the effects of the liberalization of the Turkish Cypriot society, as reflected in the feminist elements, of which a particular example is <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neriman_Cahit" title="Neriman Cahit">Neriman Cahit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-siir-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <h3>Cinema[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cinema">edit</a>]</h3> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anahtar_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anahtar (film) (page does not exist)">Anahtar</a> (Key), released in 2011, was the first full-length film entirely produced in Northern Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Some other co-productions have also taken place. A co-production of Northern Cyprus, Turkey, Britain and the Netherlands, <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod_Ad%C4%B1_Ven%C3%BCs" class="extiw" title="tr:Kod Adı Venüs">Kod Adı Venüs</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> (Code Name Venus) was shown in the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a> in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> The film director and screenwriter <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dervi%C5%9F_Zaim" title="Derviş Zaim">Derviş Zaim</a> achieved fame with his 2003 film <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mud_(%C3%87amur)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mud (Çamur) (page does not exist)">Mud (Çamur)</a> which won the UNESCO award at the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venice_Film_Festival" title="Venice Film Festival">Venice Film Festival</a>. The documentary film Kayıp Otobüs (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Missing_Bus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Missing Bus (page does not exist)">The Missing Bus</a>), directed by Turkish Cypriot journalist Fevzi Tașpınar, was aired on the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Radio_and_Television_Corporation" title="Turkish Radio and Television Corporation">TRT TV</a> as well as participating in the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Film_Festival" title="Boston Film Festival">Boston Film Festival</a> in 2011. The film tells the story of eleven Turkish Cypriot workers who left their homes in a bus in 1964 that never came back. Their remains were found in a well in Cyprus in October 2006.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> <h3>Theater[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Theater">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Karagoez-davul-Hacivat-zurna.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Karagoez-davul-Hacivat-zurna.jpg/220px-Karagoez-davul-Hacivat-zurna.jpg" width="220" height="192" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Karagoez-davul-Hacivat-zurna.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Karagoez-davul-Hacivat-zurna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="281"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Karagoez-davul-Hacivat-zurna.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karag%C3%B6z_and_Hacivat" title="Karagöz and Hacivat">Karagöz and Hacivat</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:An_early_Turkish-Cypriot_theatre_group.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/An_early_Turkish-Cypriot_theatre_group.jpg/220px-An_early_Turkish-Cypriot_theatre_group.jpg" width="220" height="140" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/An_early_Turkish-Cypriot_theatre_group.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/An_early_Turkish-Cypriot_theatre_group.jpg 2x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="182"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:An_early_Turkish-Cypriot_theatre_group.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> An early <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot" title="Turkish Cypriot" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot</a> theatre group, 1880s</div> </div> </div> Theater in Northern Cyprus is mostly carried out by the Turkish Cypriot State Theater, municipal theaters and a number of private theatrical companies. Cyprus Theater Festival, organised by the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicosia_Turkish_Municipality" title="Nicosia Turkish Municipality">Nicosia Turkish Municipality</a> is a large organization with institutions from Turkey participating as well. There are no major halls built specifically for theater in Northern Cyprus, so plays often take place in conference halls.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> The origins of Turkish Cypriot theater lie in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karag%C3%B6z_and_Hacivat" title="Karagöz and Hacivat">Karagöz and Hacivat</a>, a shadow play that was popularized in the island as a form of entertainment during the Ottoman era. This form of theater has lost its popularity nowadays, but remains to be televised during religious festivals.<a href="#cite_note-cypnetth-172">[172]</a> After 1840s, as the Ottoman Empire started modernizing, theater with greater European elements met with the Turkish Cypriot public. However, the inception of Turkish Cypriot theater in the modern sense is considered the staging of the play "Vatan Yahut Silistre" ("Homeland vs. Silistra") by Turkish playwright <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nam%C4%B1k_Kemal" title="Namık Kemal">Namık Kemal</a> in 1908.<a href="#cite_note-turkth-173">[173]</a> This was followed by a proliferation of theatrical activity in the Turkish Cypriot community as local plays were written and staged and theatrical companies from Turkey took the stage in Cyprus by the 1920s, all the major towns in Cyprus had Turkish Cypriot plays that were performed regularly.<a href="#cite_note-cypnetth-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-turkth-173">[173]</a> In the 1960s, Turkish Cypriot theater started to be institutionalised. A leading theater group named "İlk Sahne" (First Stage), founded in 1963, was renamed the Turkish Cypriot State Theater in 1966, and has since performed more than 85 plays.<a href="#cite_note-cypnetth-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> Theater is currently a very popular form of art in Northern Cyprus, with long queues forming for tickets of the plays in the Cyprus Theater Festival, and the number of theater-goers constantly increasing.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> <h3>Sports[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Sport in Northern Cyprus">Sport in Northern Cyprus</a></div> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg/220px-Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg/330px-Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg/440px-Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nicosia_Ataturk_Stadium.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicosia_Atat%C3%BCrk_Stadium" title="Nicosia Atatürk Stadium">Nicosia Atatürk Stadium</a> is the largest stadium in Northern Cyprus.</div> </div> </div> There are five stadiums in Northern Cyprus, with each holding a capacity ranging anywhere from 7,000 to 30,000. The most popular sport in Northern Cyprus is soccer. There are over 29 sport federations in Northern Cyprus with a total registered membership of 13,838, 6,054 been registered practitioners for, <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">taekwondo</a>-<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">karate</a>-<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">aikido</a>-<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurash" title="Kurash">kurash</a>, with <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">shooting</a> having (1,150 registered) and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">hunting</a> having (1,017 registered) members.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> Northern Cyprus' <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus_national_football_team" title="Northern Cyprus national football team">national football team</a> currently ranks 109th in the Elo Ratings.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> Several of sport clubs participate in leagues in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>. These include the Fast Break Sport Club in Turkey's Men's Basketball Regional League; the Beşparmak Sport Club in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>'s Handball Premier League; and the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefke_European_University" title="Lefke European University" class="mw-redirect">Lefke European University</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> Table-tennis Super League. Water sports such as windsurfing, jetskiing, waterskiing and sailing are also available at beaches throughout the coastline of Northern Cyprus. Sailing is especially found at Escape Beach Club, near <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrenia" title="Kyrenia">Kyrenia</a>. <h2>See also[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Outline of Northern Cyprus">Outline of Northern Cyprus</a></li> </ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks noprint navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li style="display:inline;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Terrestrial_globe.svg" class="image"><img alt="Terrestrial globe.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6b/Terrestrial_globe.svg/22px-Terrestrial_globe.svg.png" width="22" height="21" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6b/Terrestrial_globe.svg/33px-Terrestrial_globe.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6b/Terrestrial_globe.svg/43px-Terrestrial_globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="312"/></a><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></li> <li style="display:inline;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Satellite_image_of_Cyprus,_cropped.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Satellite image of Cyprus, cropped.jpg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Satellite_image_of_Cyprus%2C_cropped.jpg/24px-Satellite_image_of_Cyprus%2C_cropped.jpg" width="24" height="16" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Satellite_image_of_Cyprus%2C_cropped.jpg/36px-Satellite_image_of_Cyprus%2C_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Satellite_image_of_Cyprus%2C_cropped.jpg/48px-Satellite_image_of_Cyprus%2C_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="932" data-file-height="605"/></a><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Cyprus" title="Portal:Cyprus">Cyprus portal</a></li> <li style="display:inline;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="image"><img alt="Asia (orthographic projection).svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/21px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" width="21" height="21" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/32px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541"/></a><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <h2>References[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</h2> <div class="reflist references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-yb2006-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yb2006_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-yb2006_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-yb2006_1-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/Frame-eng.html">"Trnc State Planning Organization"</a>. Devplan.org. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Trnc+State+Planning+Organization&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devplan.org%2FFrame-eng.html&rft.pub=Devplan.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Commerce2003-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Commerce2003_2-0">^</a> International Chamber of Commerce (1 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=Hwi0s3I5jLEC&pg=PA79">Europe Review 2003/04: The Economic and Business Report</a>. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 79. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7494-4067-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7494-4067-1">978-0-7494-4067-1</a>. <q>The Turkish Cypriot-dominated north is the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus' which elects its own government and is recognised only by Turkey.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=International+Chamber+of+Commerce&rft.aulast=International+Chamber+of+Commerce&rft.btitle=Europe+Review+2003%2F04%3A+The+Economic+and+Business+Report&rft.date=1+November+2003&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHwi0s3I5jLEC%26pg%3DPA79&rft.isbn=978-0-7494-4067-1&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=Kogan+Page+Publishers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-3"><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_3-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=pqanFyF6nI0C&pg=PA182">The CIA World Factbook 2010</a>. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. 2009. p. 182. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60239-727-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60239-727-9">978-1-60239-727-9</a>. <q>the formation of a "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" ("TRNC"), which is recognized only by Turkey</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=The+CIA+World+Factbook+2010&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpqanFyF6nI0C%26pg%3DPA182&rft.isbn=978-1-60239-727-9&rft.pages=182&rft.pub=Skyhorse+Publishing+Inc.&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kurtulus2005-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kurtulus2005_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kurtulus2005_4-1">b</a> Ersun N. Kurtulus (27 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=jeTFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA136">State Sovereignty: Concept, Phenomenon and Ramifications</a>. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 136–. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-7708-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-7708-3">978-1-4039-7708-3</a>. <q>It may be argued that the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which was declared in 1983 and which was only recognized as a state by Turkey and for a short period by Pakistan, is at the moment of writing the only existent puppet state in the world.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Ersun+N.+Kurtulus&rft.aulast=Ersun+N.+Kurtulus&rft.btitle=State+Sovereignty%3A+Concept%2C+Phenomenon+and+Ramifications&rft.date=27+November+2005&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjeTFAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA136&rft.isbn=978-1-4039-7708-3&rft.pages=136-&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leckie2007-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Leckie2007_5-0">^</a> Scott Leckie (28 May 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=HyfqzaFBMLoC&pg=PA448">Housing and Property Restitution Rights of Refugees and Displaced Persons: Laws, Cases, and Materials</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 448. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-46409-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-46409-3">978-1-139-46409-3</a>. <q>The complaints raised in this application arise out of the Turkish military operations in northern Cyprus in July and August ... This development was condemned by the international community. ... of the establishment of the “TRNC” legally invalid and calling upon all States not to recognise any Cypriot State other than the ...</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aulast=Scott+Leckie&rft.au=Scott+Leckie&rft.btitle=Housing+and+Property+Restitution+Rights+of+Refugees+and+Displaced+Persons%3A+Laws%2C+Cases%2C+and+Materials&rft.date=28+May+2007&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHyfqzaFBMLoC%26pg%3DPA448&rft.isbn=978-1-139-46409-3&rft.pages=448&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quigley-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Quigley_6-0">^</a> Quigley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=iTR3BQ0aJ6UC&pg=PA164">The Statehood of Palestine</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 164. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-49124-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-49124-2">978-1-139-49124-2</a>. <q>The international community found this declaration invalid, on the ground that Turkey had occupied territory belonging to Cyprus and that the putative state was therefore an infringement on Cypriot sovereignty.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aulast=Quigley&rft.au=Quigley&rft.btitle=The+Statehood+of+Palestine&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiTR3BQ0aJ6UC%26pg%3DPA164&rft.isbn=978-1-139-49124-2&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Agency2013-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Agency2013_7-0">^</a> Central Intelligence Agency (8 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=WjEhAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT691">The CIA World Factbook 2014</a>. Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated. p. 691. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62873-451-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62873-451-5">978-1-62873-451-5</a>. <q>The Turkish Cypriots are heavily dependent on transfers from the Turkish Government. Ankara directly finances about one-third of the Turkish Cypriot "administration's" budget.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft.aulast=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft.btitle=The+CIA+World+Factbook+2014&rft.date=8+October+2013&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWjEhAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT691&rft.isbn=978-1-62873-451-5&rft.pages=691&rft.pub=Skyhorse+Publishing+Company%2C+Incorporated&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boas2012-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Boas2012_8-0">^</a> Gideon Boas (1 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=ecHiEhBJNpcC&pg=PA177">Public International Law: Contemporary Principles and Perspectives</a>. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 177. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85793-956-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85793-956-2">978-0-85793-956-2</a>. <q>For example, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, located in the northern portion of the island of Cyprus, came about through ... from only one state – Turkey, upon which it is entirely dependent for economic, political and military support.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Gideon+Boas&rft.aulast=Gideon+Boas&rft.btitle=Public+International+Law%3A+Contemporary+Principles+and+Perspectives&rft.date=1+January+2012&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DecHiEhBJNpcC%26pg%3DPA177&rft.isbn=978-0-85793-956-2&rft.pages=177&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Navaro-Yashin2012-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Navaro-Yashin2012_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Navaro-Yashin2012_9-1">b</a> Yael Navaro-Yashin (12 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=x7TcS_wW11wC&pg=PA8">The Make-Believe Space: Affective Geography in a Postwar Polity</a>. Duke University Press. p. 8. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8223-5204-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8223-5204-4">0-8223-5204-4</a>. <q>Economic embargoes have been imposed on the trnc, making northern Cyprus almost completely dependent on Turkey.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aulast=Yael+Navaro-Yashin&rft.au=Yael+Navaro-Yashin&rft.btitle=The+Make-Believe+Space%3A+Affective+Geography+in+a+Postwar+Polity&rft.date=12+March+2012&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx7TcS_wW11wC%26pg%3DPA8&rft.isbn=0-8223-5204-4&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_10-1">b</a> UN Security Council resolutions 353(1974), 357(1974), 358(1974), 359(1974), 360(1974), 365(1974)</li> <li id="cite_note-REJECTION-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-REJECTION_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-REJECTION_11-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cyprus-conflict.net/www.cyprus-conflict.net/narrative-main-%203.html">[1]</a>[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>]</li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ir.emu.edu.tr/staff/asozen/conferencepapers/konjic2002.pdf">"Pre-Rejection of SCCC decision by Makarios : The fact that the decision of the SCCC would not be implemented by Makarios was made quite clear. Non-implementation of the decision of a Constitutional Court is sufficient reason to compel the resignation of its President"</a>. Emu.edu.tr. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Pre-Rejection+of+SCCC+decision+by+Makarios+%3A+The+fact+that+the+decision+of+the+SCCC+would+not+be+implemented+by+Makarios+was+made+quite+clear.+Non-implementation+of+the+decision+of+a+Constitutional+Court+is+sufficient+reason+to+compel+the+resignation+of+its+President&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fir.emu.edu.tr%2Fstaff%2Fasozen%2Fconferencepapers%2Fkonjic2002.pdf&rft.pub=Emu.edu.tr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.pro-re-publica.de/Cyprus1964.html">[2]</a>[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>]</li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Stephen, Michael, (1987) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.mediaprof.org/tcvoices/ukhist.html">Cyprus: Two Nations in One Island</a> Bow Educational Briefing No.5. London, Pages 1–7</li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.supremecourt.gov.cy/judicial/sc.nsf/DMLfaq_en/DMLfaq_en?OpenDocument">"Supreme Court of Cyprus - FAQ"</a> (in Greek). Supremecourt.gov.cy. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Supreme+Court+of+Cyprus+-+FAQ&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.supremecourt.gov.cy%2Fjudicial%2Fsc.nsf%2FDMLfaq_en%2FDMLfaq_en%3FOpenDocument&rft.pub=Supremecourt.gov.cy&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://cmiskp.echr.coe.int/tkp197/search.asp">"HUDOC Search Page"</a>. Cmiskp.echr.coe.int. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=HUDOC+Search+Page&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcmiskp.echr.coe.int%2Ftkp197%2Fsearch.asp&rft.pub=Cmiskp.echr.coe.int&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Cyprus – The Republic of Cyprus <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://countrystudies.us/cyprus/12.htm">countrystudies.us</a>, U.S. Library of Congress</li> <li id="cite_note-solsten-18"><a href="#cite_ref-solsten_18-0">^</a> Eric Solsten, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://countrystudies.us/cyprus/13.htm">Country Studies</a>, US Library of Congress, retrieved on 25 May 2012.</li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Andrew Borowiec, 2000. Cyprus: A troubled island. Praeger/Greenwood p.56</li> <li id="cite_note-oberling120-20"><a href="#cite_ref-oberling120_20-0">^</a> Oberling, Pierre. The road to Bellapais (1982), Social Science Monographs, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?ei=EMbjTcnNDs_z-gbg-NXSBg&ct=result&id=XIK6AAAAIAAJ&dq=pierre+oberling+364&q=According+to+official+records%2C+364+Turkish+Cypriots+and+174+Greek+Cypriots+were+killed+during+the+1963-1964+crisis.#search_anchor">p.120</a>: "According to official records, 364 Turkish Cypriots and 174 Greek Cypriots were killed during the 1963-1964 crisis."</li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/03/09/unficyp-a-living-fossil-of-the-cold-war">Cyprus-Mail, 09.03.2014</a> UNFICYP: a living fossil of the Cold War</li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/Chapter-VII-S-5950.pdf">UN SG S/5950 Report</a> 10 September 1964, paragraph 180</li> <li id="cite_note-HISTORY-23"><a href="#cite_ref-HISTORY_23-0">^</a> Antiwar.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://antiwar.com/hadar/?articleid=8042">In Praise of 'Virtual States'</a>, Leon Hadar, 16 November 2005</li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> Quoted in Andrew Borowiec, 2000. Cyprus: A troubled island. Praeger/Greenwood p.58</li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=_jAaUQJNAx0C">"Who Intervenes?: Ethnic Conflict and Interstate Crisis"</a> by David Carment, Patrick James, Zeynep Taydas, p.189</li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Cook, Chris; Diccon Bewes (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=FuGrcgcOiXoC&printsec=frontcover&dq#PPA65,M1">What Happened Where: A Guide to Places and Events in Twentieth-century History</a>. Routledge. p. 65. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85728-533-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85728-533-6">1-85728-533-6</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Cook%2C+Chris&rft.au=Diccon+Bewes&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.btitle=What+Happened+Where%3A+A+Guide+to+Places+and+Events+in+Twentieth-century+History&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFuGrcgcOiXoC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26dq%23PPA65%2CM1&rft.isbn=1-85728-533-6&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> Strategic review, Volume 5 (1977), United States Strategic Institute, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=hCfcAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Hellenic+Republic+of+Cyprus%22&dq=%22Hellenic+Republic+of+Cyprus%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-L3VT_WBEMHKsgbL8rj3Ag&redir_esc=y">p. 48</a>.</li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Allcock, John B. Border and territorial disputes (1992), Longman Group, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=6pztAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Hellenic+Republic+of+Cyprus%22&dq=%22Hellenic+Republic+of+Cyprus%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-L3VT_WBEMHKsgbL8rj3Ag&redir_esc=y">p. 55</a>.</li> <li id="cite_note-un.org-29"><a href="#cite_ref-un.org_29-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.un.org/Docs/journal/asp/ws.asp?m=s/11789">"Links to documents"</a>. Un.org. 9 September 2002. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Links+to+documents&rft.date=9+September+2002&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2FDocs%2Fjournal%2Fasp%2Fws.asp%3Fm%3Ds%2F11789&rft.pub=Un.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hakki2007-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Hakki2007_30-0">^</a> Murat Metin Hakki (2007). The Cyprus Issue: A Documentary History, 1878-2006. I.B.Tauris. pp. 194–195. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-392-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-392-6">978-1-84511-392-6</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aulast=Murat+Metin+Hakki&rft.au=Murat+Metin+Hakki&rft.btitle=The+Cyprus+Issue%3A+A+Documentary+History%2C+1878-2006&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-392-6&rft.pages=194-195&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/euromosaic-iii-pbNC7406031/downloads/NC-74-06-031-EN-C/NC7406031ENC_002.pdf;pgid=y8dIS7GUWMdSR0EAIMEUUsWb0000Lsab9OuA;sid=SF0M7ZqZICYM_8sXXGqSSvi8BT4Sn51KTo4=?FileName=NC7406031ENC_002.pdf&SKU=NC7406031ENC_PDF&CatalogueNumber=NC-74-06-031-EN-C&ei=1gwnU7faJqnT0QWx54HgCw&usg=AFQjCNF6avQTP4kZ9l1_7FC2O0oDwS6ZTQ">Katholieke Universiteit Brussel, 2004</a> "Euromosaic III: Presence of Regional and Minority Language Groups in the New Member States", p.18</li> <li id="cite_note-BahcheliBartmann2004-32"><a href="#cite_ref-BahcheliBartmann2004_32-0">^</a> Tozun Bahcheli; Tozun Bahcheli Barry Bartmann; Henry Felix Srebrnik (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=uIbah-giC0EC&pg=PA168">De Facto States: The Quest for Sovereignty</a>. Psychology Press. p. 168. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7146-5476-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7146-5476-8">978-0-7146-5476-8</a>. Retrieved 27 November 2012. <q>...the number of settlers was disputed between Turkish and ..</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Henry+Felix+Srebrnik&rft.aulast=Tozun+Bahcheli&rft.au=Tozun+Bahcheli&rft.au=Tozun+Bahcheli+Barry+Bartmann&rft.btitle=De+Facto+States%3A+The+Quest+for+Sovereignty&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuIbah-giC0EC%26pg%3DPA168&rft.isbn=978-0-7146-5476-8&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://famagusta-gazette.com/weekly-unficyp-trip-to-enclaved-cypriots-a-respite-from-daily-hardships-p22148-69.htm">"Famagusta Gazette 30.01.2014"</a>. Retrieved 1 October 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Famagusta+Gazette+30.01.2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffamagusta-gazette.com%2Fweekly-unficyp-trip-to-enclaved-cypriots-a-respite-from-daily-hardships-p22148-69.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FLEEING-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FLEEING_34-0">^</a> Rainsford, Sarah (21 November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6166560.stm">"Europe | Bones of Cyprus missing unearthed"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.aulast=Rainsford&rft.au=Rainsford%2C+Sarah&rft.btitle=Europe+%26%23124%3B+Bones+of+Cyprus+missing+unearthed&rft.date=21+November+2006&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F6166560.stm&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.trncpio.org/trncpio/en/index.asp?sayfa=cms&dmid=0&cmsid=155&ssid=98199036">"General Information"</a>. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Public Information Office. Retrieved 14 November 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=General+Information&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trncpio.org%2Ftrncpio%2Fen%2Findex.asp%3Fsayfa%3Dcms%26dmid%3D0%26cmsid%3D155%26ssid%3D98199036&rft.pub=Turkish+Republic+of+Northern+Cyprus+Public+Information+Office&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Immovable-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Immovable_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Immovable_36-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Immovable_36-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.economist.com/node/17276362?zid=309&ah=80dcf288b8561b012f603b9fd9577f0e">"Immovable object"</a>. The Economist. 21 October 2010. Retrieved 23 August 2012.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.atitle=Immovable+object&rft.date=21+October+2010&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F17276362%3Fzid%3D309%26ah%3D80dcf288b8561b012f603b9fd9577f0e&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Ker-Lindsay, James; Faustmann, Hubert (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AzIXtVdDDwgC&pg=PA253&dq=eu+promises+embargo+talat+election&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DXzOVNbRMYbCOemwgIgK&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=eu%20promises%20embargo%20talat%20election&f=false">The Government and Politics of Cyprus</a>. Political Science. p. 253. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783039110964" title="Special:BookSources/9783039110964">9783039110964</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Faustmann%2C+Hubert&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Ker-Lindsay%2C+James&rft.aulast=Ker-Lindsay&rft.btitle=The+Government+and+Politics+of+Cyprus&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAzIXtVdDDwgC%26pg%3DPA253%26dq%3Deu%2Bpromises%2Bembargo%2Btalat%2Belection%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DDXzOVNbRMYbCOemwgIgK%26ved%3D0CCAQ6AEwAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Deu%2520promises%2520embargo%2520talat%2520election%26f%3Dfalse&rft.isbn=9783039110964&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=Political+Science&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> Yesilada, Birol (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RGtCGXOSdHgC&pg=PA2&dq=eu+promises+embargo+northern+cyprus&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6nvOVOesJIXaONengMgN&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=eu%20promises%20embargo%20northern%20cyprus&f=false">EU-Turkey Relations in the 21st Century</a>. Routledge. p. 2. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135126803" title="Special:BookSources/9781135126803">9781135126803</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aufirst=Birol&rft.aulast=Yesilada&rft.au=Yesilada%2C+Birol&rft.btitle=EU-Turkey+Relations+in+the+21st+Century&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRGtCGXOSdHgC%26pg%3DPA2%26dq%3Deu%2Bpromises%2Bembargo%2Bnorthern%2Bcyprus%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3D6nvOVOesJIXaONengMgN%26ved%3D0CCAQ6AEwAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Deu%2520promises%2520embargo%2520northern%2520cyprus%26f%3Dfalse&rft.isbn=9781135126803&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> Thompson, Wayne C. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KlgtBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA307&dq=ero%C4%9Flu+independence+not+solution&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Sn3OVLa4Eo2sPdDggKgG&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=ero%C4%9Flu%20independence%20not%20solution&f=false">Western Europe 2014</a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 307. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781475812305" title="Special:BookSources/9781475812305">9781475812305</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aufirst=Wayne+C.&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Wayne+C.&rft.btitle=Western+Europe+2014&rft.date=2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKlgtBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA307%26dq%3Dero%25C4%259Flu%2Bindependence%2Bnot%2Bsolution%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DSn3OVLa4Eo2sPdDggKgG%26ved%3D0CCIQ6AEwAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dero%25C4%259Flu%2520independence%2520not%2520solution%26f%3Dfalse&rft.isbn=9781475812305&rft.pages=307&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Focarelli2012-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Focarelli2012_40-0">^</a> Carlo Focarelli (24 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=oTYc6WY0_icC&pg=PA161">International Law as Social Construct: The Struggle for Global Justice</a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 161–. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-958483-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-958483-3">978-0-19-958483-3</a>. <q>In the 1995 and 1996 Loizidou Judgments the ECtHR treated the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) as a sort of puppet government whose acts fall within the jurisdiction of (and are attributable to) Turkey as an (unlawful) occupier.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Carlo+Focarelli&rft.aulast=Carlo+Focarelli&rft.btitle=International+Law+as+Social+Construct%3A+The+Struggle+for+Global+Justice&rft.date=24+May+2012&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoTYc6WY0_icC%26pg%3DPA161&rft.isbn=978-0-19-958483-3&rft.pages=161-&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PanaraWilson2013-41"><a href="#cite_ref-PanaraWilson2013_41-0">^</a> Carlo Panara; Gary Wilson (9 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=rWAzAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA59">The Arab Spring: New Patterns for Democracy and International Law</a>. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 59–. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-24341-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-24341-5">978-90-04-24341-5</a>. <q>The situation with the South African homelands was similar and so was collective non-acceptance of the turkish puppet-government in northern Cyprus which has resulted in the turkish republic of northern Cyprus not being recognized as a state.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Carlo+Panara&rft.au=Gary+Wilson&rft.aulast=Carlo+Panara&rft.btitle=The+Arab+Spring%3A+New+Patterns+for+Democracy+and+International+Law&rft.date=9+January+2013&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrWAzAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA59&rft.isbn=978-90-04-24341-5&rft.pages=59-&rft.pub=Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ohchr-42"><a href="#cite_ref-ohchr_42-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/16session/A-HRC-16-21.pdf">"Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the question of human rights in Cyprus : 16th Session, Human Rights Council, United Nations"</a>. Ohchr.org. 7 January 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Office+of+the+United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Human+Rights+on+the+question+of+human+rights+in+Cyprus+%3A+16th+Session%2C+Human+Rights+Council%2C+United+Nations&rft.date=7+January+2011&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.ohchr.org%2Fenglish%2Fbodies%2Fhrcouncil%2Fdocs%2F16session%2FA-HRC-16-21.pdf&rft.pub=Ohchr.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-freeh-43"><a href="#cite_ref-freeh_43-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.freedomhouse.org/images/File/fiw/FIW%202011%20Booklet_1_11_11.pdf">"Freedom in the World 2011 Report"</a>. Freedom House. p. 29. Retrieved 24 April 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Freedom+in+the+World+2011+Report&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Fimages%2FFile%2Ffiw%2FFIW%25202011%2520Booklet_1_11_11.pdf&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Freedom+House&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FIW2014%20Booklet.pdf">"Freedom in the World 2014"</a>. Freedom House. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Freedom+in+the+World+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FFIW2014%2520Booklet.pdf&rft.pub=Freedom+House&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHCR-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNHCR_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNHCR_45-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNHCR_45-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,IRBC,,CYP,,3df4be297,0.html">"Cyprus: Population of Kurds in Turkish controlled Northern Cyprus; their treatment by the government of Turkey and its agents"</a>. Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 15 April 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Cyprus%3A+Population+of+Kurds+in+Turkish+controlled+Northern+Cyprus%3B+their+treatment+by+the+government+of+Turkey+and+its+agents&rft.date=15+April+2002&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Frefworld%2Fcountry%2C%2CIRBC%2C%2CCYP%2C%2C3df4be297%2C0.html&rft.pub=Immigration+and+Refugee+Board+of+Canada&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.minorityrights.org/?lid=1873&tmpl=printpage">"Cyprus Overview"</a>. Minority Rights Group International. September 2010. Retrieved 24 April 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Cyprus+Overview&rft.date=September+2010&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minorityrights.org%2F%3Flid%3D1873%26tmpl%3Dprintpage&rft.pub=Minority+Rights+Group+International&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2002report-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2002report_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2002report_47-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/eur/8242.htm">"2002 Report on Human Rights in Cyprus"</a>. US Department of State. 4 March 2002. Retrieved 24 April 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=2002+Report+on+Human+Rights+in+Cyprus&rft.date=4+March+2002&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Fhrrpt%2F2001%2Feur%2F8242.htm&rft.pub=US+Department+of+State&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.rsf.org/press-freedom-index-2010,1034.html">"Press Freedom Index 2010"</a>. Reporters Without Borders. Retrieved 24 April 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Press+Freedom+Index+2010&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rsf.org%2Fpress-freedom-index-2010%2C1034.html&rft.pub=Reporters+Without+Borders&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tchrf-49"><a href="#cite_ref-tchrf_49-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.ktihv.org/Eng/content/view/43/13/">"Overview of the Human Rights Situation in North Cyprus"</a>. Turkish Cypriot Human Rights Foundation. 14 January 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Overview+of+the+Human+Rights+Situation+in+North+Cyprus&rft.date=14+January+2009&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ktihv.org%2FEng%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F43%2F13%2F&rft.pub=Turkish+Cypriot+Human+Rights+Foundation&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-50"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_50-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1016541.stm">"Cyprus country profile"</a>. BBC News. 23 December 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Cyprus+country+profile&rft.date=23+December+2011&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2Fcountry_profiles%2F1016541.stm&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_Security_Council_Resolution_550-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN_Security_Council_Resolution_550_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_Security_Council_Resolution_550_51-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.un.int/cyprus/scr550.htm">"Permanent Mission of the Republic of Cyprus to the United Nations —"</a>. Un.int. 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Retrieved 1 October 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Gallup%2C+Inc.&rft.aulast=Gallup%2C+Inc.&rft.btitle=Gallup+World+%2801+October+2014%29&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gallup.com%2Fpoll%2F177644%2Fentrepreneurial-plans-highest-sub-saharan-africa.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=LZXbg3ZwvGoC&pg=PA218&lpg=PA218&dq=cyprus+northern+ports+and+airports&source=bl&ots=3IB3yCYeTT&sig=7RbEAIzsXTvWqTjK_39iQpG2zvQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6J4GT6e4PI3CtAbozYyCDw&sqi=2&ved=0CG8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q&f=false">Legal Aspects of the Cyprus Problem: Annan Plan And EU Accession - Frank Hoffmeister - Google Books</a>. Books.google.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Legal+Aspects+of+the+Cyprus+Problem%3A+Annan+Plan+And+EU+Accession+-+Frank+Hoffmeister+-+Google+Books&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLZXbg3ZwvGoC%26pg%3DPA218%26lpg%3DPA218%26dq%3Dcyprus%2Bnorthern%2Bports%2Band%2Bairports%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3D3IB3yCYeTT%26sig%3D7RbEAIzsXTvWqTjK_39iQpG2zvQ%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3D6J4GT6e4PI3CtAbozYyCDw%26sqi%3D2%26ved%3D0CG8Q6AEwCQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft.pub=Books.google.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-indepuni-86"><a href="#cite_ref-indepuni_86-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/higher/universities-little-accord-on-the-island-399360.html">"Universities: Little accord on the island"</a>. The Independent (London). 8 November 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2010.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.atitle=Universities%3A+Little+accord+on+the+island&rft.date=8+November+2007&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Feducation%2Fhigher%2Funiversities-little-accord-on-the-island-399360.html&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.place=London&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford-87"><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_87-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.tepav.org.tr/tur/admin/dosyabul/upload/oxfordbgdoc.pdf">"Cyprus after Accession: Thinking Outside the Box – Background Documents, University of Oxford, European Studies Centre, Workshop on Cyprus 10–11 March 2006"</a>. Tepav.org.tr. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Cyprus+after+Accession%3A+Thinking+Outside+the+Box+%E2%80%93+Background+Documents%2C+University+of+Oxford%2C+European+Studies+Centre%2C+Workshop+on+Cyprus+10%E2%80%9311+March+2006&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tepav.org.tr%2Ftur%2Fadmin%2Fdosyabul%2Fupload%2Foxfordbgdoc.pdf&rft.pub=Tepav.org.tr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Unistar-88"><a href="#cite_ref-Unistar_88-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cyprus-properties.com/cyprus/general.htm">"North Cyprus - TRNC information"</a>. Cyprus-properties.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=North+Cyprus+-+TRNC+information&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyprus-properties.com%2Fcyprus%2Fgeneral.htm&rft.pub=Cyprus-properties.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cyprus-mail.com/cyprus/power-boost-north-cyprus/20110717">[3]</a>[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>]</li> <li id="cite_note-dsi-90"><a href="#cite_ref-dsi_90-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.dsi.gov.tr/projeler/kktc-su-temin-projesi">"KKTC'ye Su Temin Projesi"</a> (in Turkish). DSİ. Retrieved 11 October 2012.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=KKTC%27ye+Su+Temin+Projesi&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsi.gov.tr%2Fprojeler%2Fkktc-su-temin-projesi&rft.pub=DS%C4%B0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-USA2008-91">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USA2008_91-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USA2008_91-1">b</a> Ibp Usa; International Business Publications, USA (3 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=aGBDTuicDPcC&pg=PA199">Cyprus Telecom Laws and Regulations Handbook</a>. Int'l Business Publications. pp. 199–200. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4330-8167-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4330-8167-5">978-1-4330-8167-5</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Ibp+Usa&rft.au=International+Business+Publications%2C+USA&rft.aulast=Ibp+Usa&rft.btitle=Cyprus+Telecom+Laws+and+Regulations+Handbook&rft.date=3+March+2008&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaGBDTuicDPcC%26pg%3DPA199&rft.isbn=978-1-4330-8167-5&rft.pages=199-200&rft.pub=Int%27l+Business+Publications&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Office2010-92"><a href="#cite_ref-Office2010_92-0">^</a> Great BritainForeign and Commonwealth Office (9 November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=bZ7wh-1wSi8C&pg=PA35">Sixth additional protocol to the constitution of the Universal Postal Union, General Regulations of the Universal Postal Union, Declarations made on signature of the Acts, Constitution of the Universal Postal Union, Rules and Procedures of Congresses, Universal Postal Convention with Final Protocol, and Postal Payment Services Agreement: Beijing, 15 September 1999</a>. The Stationery Office. p. 35. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-10-179702-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-10-179702-3">978-0-10-179702-3</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Great+BritainForeign+and+Commonwealth+Office&rft.aulast=Great+BritainForeign+and+Commonwealth+Office&rft.btitle=Sixth+additional+protocol+to+the+constitution+of+the+Universal+Postal+Union%2C+General+Regulations+of+the+Universal+Postal+Union%2C+Declarations+made+on+signature+of+the+Acts%2C+Constitution+of+the+Universal+Postal+Union%2C+Rules+and+Procedures+of+Congresses%2C+Universal+Postal+Convention+with+Final+Protocol%2C+and+Postal+Payment+Services+Agreement%3A+Beijing%2C+15+September+1999&rft.date=9+November+2010&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbZ7wh-1wSi8C%26pg%3DPA35&rft.isbn=978-0-10-179702-3&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=The+Stationery+Office&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maric2009-93"><a href="#cite_ref-Maric2009_93-0">^</a> Vesna Maric (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=6BKlnz-TResC&pg=PA229">Cyprus</a>. Lonely Planet. p. 229. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74104-803-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74104-803-2">978-1-74104-803-2</a>. <q>to any of these addresses in Northern Cyprus, ensure that you use the suffix 'Mersin 10, Turkey', not 'Northern Cyprus'.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aulast=Vesna+Maric&rft.au=Vesna+Maric&rft.btitle=Cyprus&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6BKlnz-TResC%26pg%3DPA229&rft.isbn=978-1-74104-803-2&rft.pages=229&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-turanket-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turanket_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-turanket_94-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/Turizm/tablo-9.pdf">"Çıkış yapan turistlerin ilçe ve konaklama türüne göre dağılımı"</a>. TRNC State Planning Organization. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=%C3%87%C4%B1k%C4%B1%C5%9F+yapan+turistlerin+il%C3%A7e+ve+konaklama+t%C3%BCr%C3%BCne+g%C3%B6re+da%C4%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devplan.org%2FTurizm%2Ftablo-9.pdf&rft.pub=TRNC+State+Planning+Organization&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-secgdp-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-secgdp_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-secgdp_95-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/GSYIH/GDP_2010-2012.pdf">"Sectoral Distribution of GDP and GNP"</a>. TRNC State Planning Organization. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Sectoral+Distribution+of+GDP+and+GNP&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devplan.org%2FGSYIH%2FGDP_2010-2012.pdf&rft.pub=TRNC+State+Planning+Organization&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/GSMH/En/GNP-04.pdf">"Sectoral distribution of Gross Domestic Product"</a>. TRNC State Planning Organization. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Sectoral+distribution+of+Gross+Domestic+Product&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devplan.org%2FGSMH%2FEn%2FGNP-04.pdf&rft.pub=TRNC+State+Planning+Organization&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/Anketler/genel%20sanayi.pdf">"2012 YILI GENEL SANAYİ VE İŞYERLERİ SAYIMI"</a>. TRNC State Planning Organization. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=2012+YILI+GENEL+SANAY%C4%B0+VE+%C4%B0%C5%9EYERLER%C4%B0+SAYIMI&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devplan.org%2FAnketler%2Fgenel%2520sanayi.pdf&rft.pub=TRNC+State+Planning+Organization&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tgbakan-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tgbakan_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tgbakan_98-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.turizmguncel.com/haber/kktc-turizm-bakani-ulkedeki-hangi-otel-yatirimlarina-tam-not-verdi-h14392.html">"KKTC Turizm Bakanı, ülkedeki hangi otel yatırımlarına tam not verdi?"</a>. Turizm Güncel. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=KKTC+Turizm+Bakan%C4%B1%2C+%C3%BClkedeki+hangi+otel+yat%C4%B1r%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1na+tam+not+verdi%3F&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turizmguncel.com%2Fhaber%2Fkktc-turizm-bakani-ulkedeki-hangi-otel-yatirimlarina-tam-not-verdi-h14392.html&rft.pub=Turizm+G%C3%BCncel&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.neu.edu.tr/tr/node/486?page=0,1">"Şehirler ve Görülecek Yerler"</a>. Near East University. Retrieved 9 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=%C5%9Eehirler+ve+G%C3%B6r%C3%BClecek+Yerler&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neu.edu.tr%2Ftr%2Fnode%2F486%3Fpage%3D0%2C1&rft.pub=Near+East+University&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/article-2090719/Holidays-Northern-Cyprus-Escape-tourist-hordes-laid-Karpas.html">"Laid-back Karpas: Exchanging tourist hordes for donkey traffic in Northern Cyprus"</a>. Daily Mail. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Laid-back+Karpas%3A+Exchanging+tourist+hordes+for+donkey+traffic+in+Northern+Cyprus&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Ftravel%2Farticle-2090719%2FHolidays-Northern-Cyprus-Escape-tourist-hordes-laid-Karpas.html&rft.pub=Daily+Mail&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/europe/cyprus-bordering-on-splendid-isolation-9675963.html">"Cyprus: Bordering on splendid isolation"</a>. The Independent. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Cyprus%3A+Bordering+on+splendid+isolation&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Ftravel%2Feurope%2Fcyprus-bordering-on-splendid-isolation-9675963.html&rft.pub=The+Independent&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.eucoordination.org/docs/karpaz_TR.pdf">"Karpaz Bölgesi Yerel Kalkınma Stretejisi"</a>. EU Coordination Committee of Northern Cyprus. Retrieved 13 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Karpaz+B%C3%B6lgesi+Yerel+Kalk%C4%B1nma+Stretejisi&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eucoordination.org%2Fdocs%2Fkarpaz_TR.pdf&rft.pub=EU+Coordination+Committee+of+Northern+Cyprus&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ertr-103"><a href="#cite_ref-ertr_103-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ertr.tamu.edu/files/2012/09/175_a-5-2-3.pdf">"Trends in Tourism in North Cyprus: A Historical Perspective"</a>. Review of Tourism Research. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Trends+in+Tourism+in+North+Cyprus%3A+A+Historical+Perspective&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fertr.tamu.edu%2Ffiles%2F2012%2F09%2F175_a-5-2-3.pdf&rft.pub=Review+of+Tourism+Research&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kibrispostasi.com/index.php/cat/50/news/55885">"Girne esnafından ekonomi isyanı: "Yetkililer acil önlem almalı""</a>. Kıbrıs Postası. Retrieved 9 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Girne+esnaf%C4%B1ndan+ekonomi+isyan%C4%B1%3A+%22Yetkililer+acil+%C3%B6nlem+almal%C4%B1%22&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kibrispostasi.com%2Findex.php%2Fcat%2F50%2Fnews%2F55885&rft.pub=K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s+Postas%C4%B1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> Cansel et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.academia.edu/348274/Sex_Tourism_in_Northern_Cyprus_Investigating_the_Current_Situation">"SEX TOURISM IN NORTHERN CYPRUS:INVESTIGATING THE CURRENT SITUATION"</a>. Tourism Analysis. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Cansel&rft.aulast=Cansel&rft.btitle=SEX+TOURISM+IN+NORTHERN+CYPRUS%3AINVESTIGATING+THE+CURRENT+SITUATION&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F348274%2FSex_Tourism_in_Northern_Cyprus_Investigating_the_Current_Situation&rft.pub=Tourism+Analysis&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_Explicit_use_of_et_al." title="Category:CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al.">link</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://web.pdx.edu/~leopoldo/ncsexwork.pdf">"Sex Work and State Regulations in North Cyprus"</a>. Portland State University. Retrieved 12 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Sex+Work+and+State+Regulations+in+North+Cyprus&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.pdx.edu%2F~leopoldo%2Fncsexwork.pdf&rft.pub=Portland+State+University&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cypnet-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cypnet_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cypnet_107-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cypnet.co.uk/ncyprus/economy/econ06.htm">"Transport and Communications"</a>. Cypnet. Retrieved 13 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Transport+and+Communications&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cypnet.co.uk%2Fncyprus%2Feconomy%2Fecon06.htm&rft.pub=Cypnet&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kibrisgazetesi.com/?p=511405">"Ercan'a gelip giden yolcu ve uçak sayısı arttı"</a>. Kıbrıs. Retrieved 13 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Ercan%27a+gelip+giden+yolcu+ve+u%C3%A7ak+say%C4%B1s%C4%B1+artt%C4%B1&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kibrisgazetesi.com%2F%3Fp%3D511405&rft.pub=K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.ercanhavalimanirentacar.com/ercan-havaliman%C4%B1na-u%C3%A7an-havayollar%C4%B1.html">"Ercan Havalimanına Uçan Havayolları"</a>. Ercan Rent A Car. Retrieved 13 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Ercan+Havaliman%C4%B1na+U%C3%A7an+Havayollar%C4%B1&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ercanhavalimanirentacar.com%2Fercan-havaliman%25C4%25B1na-u%25C3%25A7an-havayollar%25C4%25B1.html&rft.pub=Ercan+Rent+A+Car&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.flyercan.com/#!airport-info/ced2">"General Information"</a>. Ercan Airport. Retrieved 13 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=General+Information&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flyercan.com%2F%23%21airport-info%2Fced2&rft.pub=Ercan+Airport&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.yachtlifetravel.net/kktc%E2%80%99ye-yillar-sonra-ilk-charter-seferi.html">"KKTC’ye yıllar sonra ilk charter seferi"</a>. Yacht Life and Travel. Retrieved 13 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=KKTC%E2%80%99ye+y%C4%B1llar+sonra+ilk+charter+seferi&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yachtlifetravel.net%2Fkktc%25E2%2580%2599ye-yillar-sonra-ilk-charter-seferi.html&rft.pub=Yacht+Life+and+Travel&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.azurtours.hr/downloads/cjenik_salamis_bay_conti.pdf">"Cijene uključuju"</a>. Azur Tours. Retrieved 13 January 2015. <q>Cijene uključuju: povratnu zrakoplovnu kartu Ljubljana-Ercan-Ljubljana</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Cijene+uklju%C4%8Duju&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.azurtours.hr%2Fdownloads%2Fcjenik_salamis_bay_conti.pdf&rft.pub=Azur+Tours&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6216498.stm">"Turkey 'will open up to Cyprus'"</a>. BBC News. 7 December 2006. Retrieved 20 May 2010.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.atitle=Turkey+%27will+open+up+to+Cyprus%27&rft.date=7+December+2006&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F6216498.stm&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.northcyprusonline.com/North-Cyprus-Online-How-to-Visit-Air.php">"North Cyprus Airport, Ercan, Larnaca, Cheap Flights Northern Cyprus"</a>. Northcyprusonline.com. Retrieved 17 November 2010.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=North+Cyprus+Airport%2C+Ercan%2C+Larnaca%2C+Cheap+Flights+Northern+Cyprus&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.northcyprusonline.com%2FNorth-Cyprus-Online-How-to-Visit-Air.php&rft.pub=Northcyprusonline.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.brtk.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=29866:first-charter-flight-from-polish-capital-warsaw-to-the-ercan-airport-was-realized-last-night&catid=5:kktc&Itemid=28">"BRT"</a>. Brtk.net. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=BRT&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brtk.net%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D29866%3Afirst-charter-flight-from-polish-capital-warsaw-to-the-ercan-airport-was-realized-last-night%26catid%3D5%3Akktc%26Itemid%3D28&rft.pub=Brtk.net&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.csa-cy.org/closed%20ports.htm">"Merchant Shipping"</a>. Csa-cy.org. Retrieved 17 November 2010.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Merchant+Shipping&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csa-cy.org%2Fclosed%2520ports.htm&rft.pub=Csa-cy.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200405/cmselect/cmfaff/113/113ii.pdf">"HC 113 II 04.05.PDF"</a> (PDF). Retrieved 17 November 2010.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=HC+113+II+04.05.PDF&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.publications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm200405%2Fcmselect%2Fcmfaff%2F113%2F113ii.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.haberkktc.com/haber/girne---karpaz-yolu-50-dakikaya-indi-7310.html">"Girne - Karpaz Yolu 50 Dakikaya İndi"</a>. Haber KKTC. Retrieved 13 January 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Girne+-+Karpaz+Yolu+50+Dakikaya+%C4%B0ndi&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haberkktc.com%2Fhaber%2Fgirne---karpaz-yolu-50-dakikaya-indi-7310.html&rft.pub=Haber+KKTC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kibrispostasi.com/index.php/cat/1/col/97/art/9407/PageName/KIBRIS_POSTASI">"Kıbrıslı Türkler Kaç Kişi - Kıbrıs Postası Gazetesi - Haber Merkezi"</a>. Kibrispostasi.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=K%C4%B1br%C4%B1sl%C4%B1+T%C3%BCrkler+Ka%C3%A7+Ki%C5%9Fi+-+K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s+Postas%C4%B1+Gazetesi+-+Haber+Merkezi&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kibrispostasi.com%2Findex.php%2Fcat%2F1%2Fcol%2F97%2Fart%2F9407%2FPageName%2FKIBRIS_POSTASI&rft.pub=Kibrispostasi.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2006-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census2006_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2006_120-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://nufussayimi.devplan.org/Census%202006.pdf">"Census.XLS"</a> (PDF). Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Census.XLS&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnufussayimi.devplan.org%2FCensus%25202006.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> Simon Bahceli (15 February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://web.archive.org/web/20070930015114/http://cyprus-mail.com/news/main.php?id=30725&cat_id=1">"Indigenous Turkish Cypriots just over half north’s population"</a>. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_Mail" title="Cyprus Mail">Cyprus Mail</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://cyprus-mail.com/news/main.php?id=30725&cat_id=1">the original</a> on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 16 February 2007.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aulast=Simon+Bahceli&rft.au=Simon+Bahceli&rft.btitle=Indigenous+Turkish+Cypriots+just+over+half+north%E2%80%99s+population&rft.date=15+February+2007&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcyprus-mail.com%2Fnews%2Fmain.php%3Fid%3D30725%26cat_id%3D1&rft.pub=Cyprus+Mail&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/Nufus-2011/nufus%20son_.pdf">"Basin Bildirisi"</a>. Devplan.org. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Basin+Bildirisi&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devplan.org%2FNufus-2011%2Fnufus%2520son_.pdf&rft.pub=Devplan.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-censusDoubts-123"><a href="#cite_ref-censusDoubts_123-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Census+in+north+marred+by+delays+and+doubts.-a0274211364">"Census in north marred by delays and doubts"</a>. CyprusMail. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2013. <q>Top selling daily Kibris described the headcount as “controversial”, while out-spoken left-wing daily Afrika dubbed it a “fiasco”</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.atitle=Census+in+north+marred+by+delays+and+doubts&rft.date=6+December+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FCensus%2Bin%2Bnorth%2Bmarred%2Bby%2Bdelays%2Band%2Bdoubts.-a0274211364&rft.jtitle=CyprusMail&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-censusOverestimates-124"><a href="#cite_ref-censusOverestimates_124-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kibrisgazetesi.com/index.php/cat/2/news/129918/PageName/Ic_Haberler">"TC’den para isterken 700 bin diyorlardı"</a>. Kibris. 13 December 2011. Retrieved 23 December 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.atitle=TC%E2%80%99den+para+isterken+700+bin+diyorlard%C4%B1&rft.date=13+December+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kibrisgazetesi.com%2Findex.php%2Fcat%2F2%2Fnews%2F129918%2FPageName%2FIc_Haberler&rft.jtitle=Kibris&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2011-125"><a href="#cite_ref-census2011_125-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kibrisgazetesi.com/index.php/cat/2/news/129803/PageName/Ic_Haberler">"Nifus sayımı gerçekçi değil"</a>. Kibris. 11 December 2011. Retrieved 23 December 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.atitle=Nifus+say%C4%B1m%C4%B1+ger%C3%A7ek%C3%A7i+de%C4%9Fil&rft.date=11+December+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kibrisgazetesi.com%2Findex.php%2Fcat%2F2%2Fnews%2F129803%2FPageName%2FIc_Haberler&rft.jtitle=Kibris&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> Cole, Jeffrey (2011). Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 95. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59884-302-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-59884-302-8">1-59884-302-8</a><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Cole%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Groups+of+Europe%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-59884-302-8&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> Cole, Jeffrey (2011). Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 97. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59884-302-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-59884-302-8">1-59884-302-8</a><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Cole%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Groups+of+Europe%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-59884-302-8&rft.pages=97&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> Hatay, Mete. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://file.prio.no/publication_files/Cyprus/Report%202007-2%20Is%20the%20Turkish%20Cypriot%20Population%20Shrinking.pdf">"Is the Turkish Cypriot Population Shrinking?"</a>. PRIO Cyprus Center. Retrieved 20 February 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aufirst=Mete&rft.au=Hatay%2C+Mete&rft.aulast=Hatay&rft.btitle=Is+the+Turkish+Cypriot+Population+Shrinking%3F&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffile.prio.no%2Fpublication_files%2FCyprus%2FReport%25202007-2%2520Is%2520the%2520Turkish%2520Cypriot%2520Population%2520Shrinking.pdf&rft.pub=PRIO+Cyprus+Center&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.devplan.org/Ecosos/EXCEL-ENG/sesco-eng.zip">"??"</a>. Devplan.org. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=%3F%3F&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devplan.org%2FEcosos%2FEXCEL-ENG%2Fsesco-eng.zip&rft.pub=Devplan.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Euromosaic-130">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Euromosaic_130-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Euromosaic_130-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ec.europa.eu/education/policies/lang/languages/langmin/euromosaic/cy_en.pdf">Quoted after the Euromosaic report, a study commissioned by the European Commission</a> PDF (120 KB)</li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-3458.html">"Cyprus – Society"</a>. Country-data.com. 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Retrieved 29 November 2012. <q>The invasion of Cyprus by Turkish troops in 1974 resulted in the widespread eviction and population transfer of over 170,000 Greek Cypriots from their homes in the northern part of Cyprus. In Cyprus v. Turkey, the European Commission on ..</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Denver+journal+of+international+law+and+policy&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTm9LAQAAIAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mallinson2011-134"><a href="#cite_ref-Mallinson2011_134-0">^</a> William Mallinson (15 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=DJJ1tbJXFKIC&pg=PA8">Britain and Cyprus: Key Themes and Documents since World War II</a>. I.B.Tauris. p. 8. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84885-456-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84885-456-7">978-1-84885-456-7</a>. Retrieved 18 November 2013. <q>Around 180,000 Greek Cypriots had been expelled from their homes and fled to the unoccupied part of the island, with another 20,000 being "encouraged" to flee later.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.aulast=William+Mallinson&rft.au=William+Mallinson&rft.btitle=Britain+and+Cyprus%3A+Key+Themes+and+Documents+since+World+War+II&rft.date=15+February+2011&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDJJ1tbJXFKIC%26pg%3DPA8&rft.isbn=978-1-84885-456-7&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-H.C3.B6rnerD.C3.B6bert2006-135"><a href="#cite_ref-H.C3.B6rnerD.C3.B6bert2006_135-0">^</a> Wolfgang Hörner; Hans Döbert; Botho von Kopp; Wolfgang Mitter (19 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://books.google.com/books?id=FI5hZqm2_0MC&pg=PA202">The Education Systems of Europe</a>. Springer. p. 202. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-4868-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-4868-5">978-1-4020-4868-5</a>. Retrieved 18 November 2013. <q>Turkish settlers and military personnel, estimated at 85,000 and 40,000 respectively, who have moved into the Turkish-occupied areas since the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974. At that time one third of the Greek population (about 200,000 persons) was expelled from their homes in the northern part of the island and forced to resettle in the southern areas.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.au=Botho+von+Kopp&rft.au=Hans+D%C3%B6bert&rft.aulast=Wolfgang+H%C3%B6rner&rft.au=Wolfgang+H%C3%B6rner&rft.btitle=The+Education+Systems+of+Europe&rft.date=19+December+2006&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFI5hZqm2_0MC%26pg%3DPA202&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-4868-5&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  Cite uses deprecated parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#deprecated_params" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-Boyle_and_Sheen_1997_loc.3D290-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boyle_and_Sheen_1997_loc.3D290_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boyle_and_Sheen_1997_loc.3D290_136-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBoyleSheen1997">Boyle & Sheen 1997</a>, 290.</li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/EUR44/028/2002/en/6f86c604-d836-11dd-9df8-936c90684588/eur440282002en.html">"MEMBERS OF THE AHMADIYYA MUSLIM COMMUNITY DR MUHAMMED JALAL SHAMS, OSMAN SEKER, KUBILAY ÇIL: PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE FOR THEIR RELIGIOUS BELIEFS"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Yak%C4%B1n+Do%C4%9Fu+%C3%9Cniversitesi+Duyuru+Haber+%C2%BB+Faculty+of+Engineering+of+Near+East+University+%28NEU%29+is+continuing+to+make+contributions+to+the+world+of+science+through+supporting+the+CERN+Laboratory&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fduyuru.neu.edu.tr%2F%3Fp%3D56172&rft.pub=Duyuru.neu.edu.tr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.solarchallenge.org.za/?cat=2">"SA Solar Challenge 2014"</a>. Sasol Solar Challenge. 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Kıbrıslıtürk şiiri antolojisi: 18. yy-20. yy : 3 kuşak, 3 kimlik, 3 vatan arasında bir Türk azınlık şiiri (1994), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=JCRkAAAAMAAJ&q=hakk%C4%B1+y%C3%BCcel+%C5%9Fair+k%C4%B1br%C4%B1s&dq=hakk%C4%B1+y%C3%BCcel+%C5%9Fair+k%C4%B1br%C4%B1s&hl=tr&sa=X&ei=yyejVJtRrLbuBqLJgeAO&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAQ">p. 58-60</a></li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kibrispostasi.com/index.php/cat/49/news/63999/PageName/KULTUR_SANAT">"KKTC'nin ilk uzun metrajlı filmi Anahtar, Altın Portakal'da gösterildi"</a>. Kibris Postasi. 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Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Haber%3A+%22Kay%C4%B1p+Otob%C3%BCs%22+belgesel+filmi+haberi+%2F+Haber%2C+Haberler%2C+Haberi%2C+Haberleri%2C+Haber+oku%2C+Gazete%2C+Gazetesi%2C+Gazeteleri%2C+Gazete+oku&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turkmedya.com%2FV1%2FPg%2Fdetail%2FNewID%2F186802%2FCatID%2F4%2FCityName%2FCorum%2FTownID%2F0%2FVillageID%2F0%2FSchoolID%2F&rft.pub=Turkmedya.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.turkishjournal.com/i.php?newsid=3725">"Documentary on Turkish Cyprus bus in US festival"</a>. Turkish Journal. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=Documentary+on+Turkish+Cyprus+bus+in+US+festival&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turkishjournal.com%2Fi.php%3Fnewsid%3D3725&rft.pub=Turkish+Journal&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> TRNC State Planning Organization. 2008 Yılı Makroekonomik ve Sektörel Gelişmeler, June 2010, p. 169.</li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> Kıbrıs Tiyatro Festivali. Nicosia Turkish Municipality and Nicosia Municipal Theater.</li> <li id="cite_note-cypnetth-172">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cypnetth_172-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cypnetth_172-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cypnetth_172-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cypnet.co.uk/ncyprus/culture/theatre/index.html">Turkish-Cypriot Theatres</a>, cypnet.co.uk, retrieved on 28 December 2014.</li> <li id="cite_note-turkth-173">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turkth_173-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-turkth_173-1">b</a> Cihangir, Yurdal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://turkishstudies.net/Makaleler/1037275448_23CihangirYurdal-edb-441-451.pdf">THE PRIMARY YEARS OF TURKISH CYPRIOT PLAY-WRITING AND “SAFA YAHUT NETİCE-İ İBTİLA</a>, Turkish Studies, retrieved on 28 December 2014.</li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://kyrenia.edu.tr/kktc-hakkinda/bilgi/kuzey-kibrisin-kulturel-ve-sosyal-yasami/?lang=tr">Kuzey Kıbrıs’ın Kültürel ve Sosyal Yaşamı</a>, University of Kyrenia, retrieved on 28 December 2014.</li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.yeniduzen.com/Haberler/kultur-ve-sanat/bilet-satisi-basladi/41607">Bilet satışı başladı</a>, Yeni Düzen, retrieved on 28 December 2014.</li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> TRNC State Planning Organization. 2008 Yılı Makroekonomik ve Sektörel Gelişmeler, p.176-179.</li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.eloratings.net/world.html">"World Football Elo Ratings"</a>. Eloratings.net. 10 February 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=World+Football+Elo+Ratings&rft.date=10+February+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eloratings.net%2Fworld.html&rft.pub=Eloratings.net&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol> </div> <h2>Further reading[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</h2> For a detailed survey of the archaeology, art, and historical architecture of the region see Allan Langdale, 'In a Contested Realm: an Illustrated Guide to the Archaeology and Historical Architecture of Northern Cyprus' Grimsay Press, 2012. <ul> <li>North Cyprus – a Pocket-Guide. Rustem Bookshop, Nicosia. 2006. <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9944-968-03-X" title="Special:BookSources/9944-968-03-X">9944-968-03-X</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorthern+Cyprus&rft.btitle=North+Cyprus+%E2%80%93+a+Pocket-Guide&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9944-968-03-X&rft.pub=Rustem+Bookshop%2C+Nicosia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> </ul> <h2>External links[<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</h2> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style ambox-external_links" role="presentation"> <tr> <td class="mbox-image"> <div style="width:52px"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" width="40" height="40" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></div> </td> <td class="mbox-text">This article's use of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a> may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please <a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit">improve this article</a> by removing <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_mirror_or_a_repository_of_links.2C_images.2C_or_media_files" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">excessive</a> or <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">inappropriate</a> external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">footnote references</a>. (February 2014)</td> </tr> </table> <table class="metadata plainlinks mbox-small" style="padding:0.25em 0.5em 0.5em 0.75em;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#f9f9f9;"> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom:0.75em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"> <div style="clear:both;">Find more about Northern Cyprus at Wikipedia's <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td style="padding-top:0.75em;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Wiktionary"><img alt="Search Wiktionary" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/23px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png" width="23" height="25" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/35px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/46px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089"/></a></td> <td style="padding-top:0.75em;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Northern Cyprus">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Commons"><img alt="Search Commons" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="18" height="25" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/37px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"/></a></td> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Northern Cyprus">Media</a> from Commons</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Wikinews"><img alt="Search Wikinews" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/25px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" width="25" height="14" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/38px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/50px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415"/></a></td> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Northern Cyprus">News stories</a> from Wikinews</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Wikiquote"><img alt="Search Wikiquote" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/21px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" width="21" height="25" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/42px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"/></a></td> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Northern Cyprus">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Wikisource"><img alt="Search Wikisource" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" width="24" height="25" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/48px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"/></a></td> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Northern Cyprus">Source texts</a> from Wikisource</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Wikibooks"><img alt="Search Wikibooks" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" width="25" height="25" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></a></td> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Northern Cyprus">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Wikivoyage"><img alt="Search Wikivoyage" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/25px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" width="25" height="25" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/38px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/50px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"/></a></td> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="voy:Northern Cyprus">Travel guide</a> from Wikivoyage</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" title="Search Wikiversity"><img alt="Search Wikiversity" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/25px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png" width="25" height="23" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/38px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/50px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="900"/></a></td> <td><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Northern Cyprus">Learning resources</a> from Wikiversity</td> </tr> </table> <dl> <dt>Official</dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cm.gov.nc.tr/">Republican Assembly (Parliament) of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kktcb.org/">Presidency, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://kktcbe.org.tr/www/tr/anasayfa.asp">Embassy of the TRNC in Ankara</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.kktcmb.org/">TRNC Central Bank</a></li> </ul> <dl> <dt>Other links</dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.embargoed.org/">Embargoed!</a>, a non-profit association campaigning against the total economic embargo imposed on the population of Northern Cyprus.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.atcanews.org/">ATCA News, Association of Turkish Cypriots Abroad</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cypnet.co.uk/">Northern Cyprus Home Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.turkishweekly.net/news.php?id=29827">"Islamic Conference's Parliaments to Call TRNC 'Cyprus Turkish State'" JTW</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://alfreddezayas.com/Law_history/Cyprusproposal.shtml">International Expert Panel for a European Solution in Cyprus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.cyprusappg.co.uk/">UK All Party Parliamentary Group for Cyprus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1021835.stm">Timeline of Cyprus issue by BBC</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.ataa.org/">Assembly of Turkish American Associations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://www.turkishcypriots.com.au/">Turkish Cypriots of Australia – Historical Book</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ec.europa.eu/comm/enlargement/turkish_cypriot_en.htm">EU task-force on Turkish Cypriot community</a></li> </ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Northern_Cyprus_topics" title="Template:Northern Cyprus topics">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Northern_Cyprus_topics" title="Template talk:Northern Cyprus topics">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Northern_Cyprus_topics&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%">Northern Cyprus <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Northern_Cyprus-related_topics" title="List of Northern Cyprus-related topics" class="mw-redirect">topics</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="History of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">History</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;;background:transparent;"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_dispute" title="Cyprus dispute">Cyprus dispute</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_intercommunal_violence" title="Cyprus intercommunal violence" class="mw-redirect">Intercommunal violence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Cyprus)" title="Green Line (Cyprus)" class="mw-redirect">Green Line</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkish invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_refugees" title="Cypriot refugees">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annan_Plan_for_Cyprus" title="Annan Plan for Cyprus">Annan Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_Annan_Plan_referendums,_2004" title="Cypriot Annan Plan referendums, 2004">Annan Plan referendums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Federated_State_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish Federated State of Cyprus">Turkish Federated State of Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus">Declaration of independence</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Geography of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Geography</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_populated_places_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of populated places in Northern Cyprus">Cities, towns and villages</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Extreme points of Northern Cyprus">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Fauna of Northern Cyprus">Fauna</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of mammals of Northern Cyprus">Mammals</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus">Foreign relations</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplomatic_missions_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Diplomatic missions of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Diplomatic missions</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus_Representative_Office_to_the_United_States" title="Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Representative Office to the United States">Representative Office to the United States</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Foreign_relations_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus">more...</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Politics of Northern Cyprus">Politics</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Northern_Cyprus)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)">Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Constitution of Northern Cyprus">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districts_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Districts of Northern Cyprus">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Elections in Northern Cyprus">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Law enforcement in Northern Cyprus">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of political parties in Northern Cyprus">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="President of Northern Cyprus">President</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Politics of Northern Cyprus">more...</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Military of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Military</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_Security_Force" title="Turkish Cypriot Security Force" class="mw-redirect">Turkish Cypriot Security Force</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_Turkish_Peace_Force" title="Cyprus Turkish Peace Force" class="mw-redirect">Cyprus Turkish Peace Force</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Economy of Northern Cyprus">Economy</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of banks in Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Banks</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Central Bank of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Central Bank</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_lira" title="Turkish lira">Turkish lira (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Telecommunications in Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Telecommunications</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KKTC_Telsim" title="KKTC Telsim">KKTC Telsim</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzey_Kibris_Turkcell" title="Kuzey Kibris Turkcell" class="mw-redirect">Kuzey Kibris Turkcell</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Tourism in Northern Cyprus">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Economy_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Economy of Northern Cyprus">more...</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkish_Cypriot_society" title="Category:Turkish Cypriot society">Society</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus_citizenship" title="Northern Cyprus citizenship">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Education in Northern Cyprus">Education</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of universities and colleges in Northern Cyprus">universities and colleges</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Human rights in Northern Cyprus">Human rights</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="LGBT rights in Northern Cyprus">LGBT</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Women in Northern Cyprus">Women</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Abortion in Northern Cyprus">abortion</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Culture of Northern Cyprus">Culture</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkish_Cypriot_art" title="Category:Turkish Cypriot art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Cinema_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Cinema of Northern Cyprus">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish-Cypriot_cuisine" title="Turkish-Cypriot cuisine" class="mw-redirect">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_folk_dances" title="Turkish Cypriot folk dances">Dances</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkish_Cypriot_literature" title="Category:Turkish Cypriot literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Northern_Cyprus_media" title="Category:Northern Cyprus media">Media</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of newspapers in Northern Cyprus">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Television in Northern Cyprus">television</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of museums in Northern Cyprus">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkish_Cypriot_music" title="Category:Turkish Cypriot music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Religion_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Religion in Northern Cyprus">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Sport in Northern Cyprus">Sport</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Football in Northern Cyprus">football</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Public holidays in Northern Cyprus">Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkish_Cypriot_culture" title="Category:Turkish Cypriot culture">more...</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Demographics of Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Demographics</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Peoples</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriots" title="Turkish Cypriots">Turkish Cypriots</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_diaspora" title="Turkish Cypriot diaspora">diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkish_Cypriot_people" title="Category:Turkish Cypriot people">people</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enclaved_Greek_Cypriots" title="Enclaved Greek Cypriots">Enclaved Greek Cypriots</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maronites_in_Cyprus" title="Maronites in Cyprus">Maronites</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Languages_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Languages of Northern Cyprus">Languages</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_Turkish" title="Cypriot Turkish">Cypriot Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stikl%C3%A2l_Mar%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="İstiklâl Marşı">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coats_of_arms_of_Cyprus" title="Coats of arms of Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Flag of Northern Cyprus">Flag</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding:0.25em;"> <div> <div style="margin-top:0;line-height:1.4em;margin-bottom:-0.2em;"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Outline of Northern Cyprus">Outline</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="margin-top:-0.2em;line-height:1.4em;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:0;"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Northern_Cyprus" title="Category:Northern Cyprus">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Northern_Cyprus" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Northern Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">WikiProject</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;">  <div style="font-size:110%">Geographic locale</div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0px;font-size:113%;"> <div style="padding:0px;"> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template:Countries of Asia">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template talk:Countries of Asia">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Countries_of_Asia&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">Countries and dependencies</a> of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma" title="Burma">Burma (Myanmar)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"> <div><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="image"><img alt="Asia (orthographic projection).svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" width="100" height="100" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541"/></a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_Republic" title="Nagorno-Karabakh Republic">Nagorno-Karabakh</a></li> <li>Northern Cyprus</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_administrative_region" title="Special administrative region">special administrative regions</a></div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="font-weight:normal;">Australia</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="font-weight:normal;">China</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="font-weight:normal;">United Kingdom</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sovereign_states_of_Europe" title="Template:Sovereign states of Europe">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Sovereign_states_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Sovereign states of Europe">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Sovereign_states_of_Europe&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Europe" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe">Sovereign states and dependencies</a> of <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding:0 0.5em;"> <div><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe" title="Europe"><img alt="Europe (orthographic projection).svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" width="100" height="100" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541"/></a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_Republic" title="Nagorno-Karabakh Republic">Nagorno-Karabakh</a>1</li> <li>Northern Cyprus1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and other territories</div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Denmark</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent_country" title="Constituent country">constituent country</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Finland</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85land_Islands" title="Åland Islands">Åland Islands</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_region" title="Autonomous region">autonomous region</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Norway</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Mayen" title="Jan Mayen">Jan Mayen</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svalbard" title="Svalbard">Svalbard</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">unincorporated areas</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">United Kingdom</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a>1 <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_Base_Areas_of_Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia_in_Cyprus" title="Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus" class="mw-redirect">sovereign base areas</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">overseas territory</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_dependencies" title="Crown dependencies">crown dependencies</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"> <div>1 <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_transcontinental_countries" title="List of transcontinental countries">Partially</a> in <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, or entirely in Asia with cultural links to Europe.</div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Countries_and_territories_of_the_Mediterranean_Sea" title="Template:Countries and territories of the Mediterranean Sea">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_and_territories_of_the_Mediterranean_Sea" title="Template talk:Countries and territories of the Mediterranean Sea">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Countries_and_territories_of_the_Mediterranean_Sea&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%">Countries and territories of the <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li>Northern Cyprus</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and other territories</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a> (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> (UK)</li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Middle_East" title="Template:Middle East">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Middle_East" title="Template talk:Middle East">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Middle_East&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li>Northern Cyprus</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"> <div><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Middle_East_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="image"><img alt="Middle East (orthographic projection).svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/70px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" width="70" height="70" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/105px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/140px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553"/></a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"> <div> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_the_Middle_East" title="List of conflicts in the Middle East" class="mw-redirect">Conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiquette_in_the_Middle_East" title="Etiquette in the Middle East">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Middle_East" title="History of the Middle East">History</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Middle_Eastern_history" title="Timeline of Middle Eastern history">timeline</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Eastern_music" title="Middle Eastern music">Music</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;">  <div style="font-size:110%">International organizations</div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0px;font-size:113%;"> <div style="padding:0px;"> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Template:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Template talk:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a> (OIC)</div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Members</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Suspended</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Observers</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Countries and territories</div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li>Northern Cyprus1</li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Muslim communities</div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front_(Misuari_faction)" title="Moro National Liberation Front (Misuari faction)" class="mw-redirect">Moro National Liberation Front</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">International organizations</div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"> <div> <ul> <li>1 As the "Turkish Cypriot State".</li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Template:Economic Cooperation Organization">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Template talk:Economic Cooperation Organization">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Economic_Cooperation_Organization&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization</a> (ECO)</div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Member states</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" width="23" height="13" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li> <img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="250"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Observers</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Countries</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="684"/> Northern Cyprus (as Turkish Cypriot State)</li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">International organizations</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_Council" title="Turkic Council">Turkic Council</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;text-align:left;"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:TURKSOY" title="Template:TURKSOY">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:TURKSOY&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:TURKSOY (page does not exist)">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:TURKSOY&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_of_Turkic_Culture" title="International Organization of Turkic Culture">International Organization of Turkic Culture</a> (TÜRKSOY)</div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lavender;">Members</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altai_Republic" title="Altai Republic">Altai Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkortostan" title="Bashkortostan">Bashkortostan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="216"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagauzia" title="Gagauzia">Găgăuzia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Khakassia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Khakassia.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Khakassia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Khakassia.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Khakassia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Khakassia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khakassia" title="Khakassia">Khakassia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="684"/> Northern Cyprus</li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakha_Republic" title="Sakha Republic">Sakha Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="250"/> <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:States_with_limited_recognition" title="Template:States with limited recognition">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:States_with_limited_recognition" title="Template talk:States with limited recognition">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:States_with_limited_recognition&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"> <div>Details concerning <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplomatic_recognition" title="Diplomatic recognition">international recognition</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations" title="Foreign relations">foreign relations</a> provided by the articles linked in parenthesis</div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">UN member states</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Partially unrecognised</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Foreign relations of Armenia">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Cyprus">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Israel" title="International recognition of Israel">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Israel" title="Foreign relations of Israel">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Korea" title="Foreign relations of South Korea">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Non-UN member states</div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Recognised by at least one UN member</div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Abkhazia" title="Foreign relations of Abkhazia">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Kosovo" title="International recognition of Kosovo">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kosovo" title="Foreign relations of Kosovo">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li>Northern Cyprus <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_State_of_Palestine" title="International recognition of the State of Palestine">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Palestine_Liberation_Organization" title="Foreign relations of the Palestine Liberation Organization">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a> (<a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a>) <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="International recognition of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Foreign relations of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Ossetia" title="Foreign relations of South Ossetia">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan" title="Foreign relations of Taiwan">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Recognised only by non-UN members</div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_Republic" title="Nagorno-Karabakh Republic">Nagorno-Karabakh</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="International recognition of Nagorno-Karabakh" class="mw-redirect">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Foreign relations of Nagorno-Karabakh">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Transnistria" title="International recognition of Transnistria">recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Transnistria" title="Foreign relations of Transnistria">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Unrecognised</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Somaliland" title="Foreign relations of Somaliland">relations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cyprus_dispute" title="Template:Cyprus dispute">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Cyprus_dispute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Cyprus dispute (page does not exist)">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cyprus_dispute&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_dispute" title="Cyprus dispute">Cyprus dispute</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Participants</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Island divisions</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Republic of Cyprus</a></li> <li>Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus">Declaration of Independence</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Buffer_Zone_in_Cyprus" title="United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus">United Nations Buffer Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_and_Zurich_Agreements#Treaty_of_Guarantee" title="London and Zurich Agreements">Guarantor powers</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"> <div><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Cyprus,_Greece_and_Turkey.svg" class="image"><img alt="Map of Cyprus, Greece and Turkey.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Map_of_Cyprus%2C_Greece_and_Turkey.svg/200px-Map_of_Cyprus%2C_Greece_and_Turkey.svg.png" width="200" height="110" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Map_of_Cyprus%2C_Greece_and_Turkey.svg/300px-Map_of_Cyprus%2C_Greece_and_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150331191558im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Map_of_Cyprus%2C_Greece_and_Turkey.svg/400px-Map_of_Cyprus%2C_Greece_and_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="400"/></a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Events</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_intercommunal_violence" title="Cypriot intercommunal violence">1955–64 intercommunal violence</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tylliria" title="Battle of Tylliria" class="mw-redirect">Battle of Tylliria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilian_casualties_and_displacements_during_the_Cyprus_conflict" title="Civilian casualties and displacements during the Cyprus conflict">Civilian causalities</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_Cypriot_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1974 Cypriot coup d'état">1974 Cypriot coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">1974 Turkish invasion</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_operations_during_the_Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Military operations during the Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Military operations</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_refugees" title="Cypriot refugees">Refugees</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93Turkey_maritime_zones_dispute" title="Cyprus–Turkey maritime zones dispute">Maritime-zone dispute</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Resolutions</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enosis#The_Cypriot_Enosis_movement" title="Enosis">Enosis</a> and <a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksim_(politics)" title="Taksim (politics)">taksim</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_concerning_Cyprus" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning Cyprus">List of UNSC resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annan_Plan_for_Cyprus" title="Annan Plan for Cyprus">Annan Plan</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_Annan_Plan_referendums,_2004" title="Cypriot Annan Plan referendums, 2004">2004 referendums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Cyprus_talks" title="2014 Cyprus talks">2014 talks</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Lawsuits</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolides_v_Orams" title="Apostolides v Orams">Apostolides v Orams</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_v._Turkey" title="Cyprus v. Turkey">Cyprus v. Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loizidou_v._Turkey" title="Loizidou v. Turkey">Loizidou v. Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150331191558/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toumazou_et_al._v._Republic_of_Turkey_et_al." title="Toumazou et al. v. Republic of Turkey et al." class="mw-redirect">Toumazou et al. v. 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href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Севернокипърска турска република – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Republik_Nordzypern" title="Türkische Republik Nordzypern – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar">Boarisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turska_Republika_Sjeverni_Kipar" title="Turska Republika Sjeverni Kipar – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Turk_Kiprenez_an_Norzh" title="Republik Turk Kiprenez an Norzh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Turca_de_Xipre_del_Nord" title="República Turca de Xipre del Nord – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn%C3%AD_Kypr" title="Severní Kypr – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gogledd_Cyprus" title="Gogledd Cyprus – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordcypern" title="Nordcypern – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Republik_Nordzypern" title="Türkische Republik Nordzypern – German" lang="de" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%AA%DE%8C%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%AA_%DE%90%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%95%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0" title="އުތުރު ސައިޕްރަސް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9%C3%A9sh_%C5%81ich%C3%ADi%CA%BCii_Bik%C3%A9yah_N%C3%A1hook%C7%ABsj%C3%ADgo_Si%CA%BCan%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Béésh Łichíiʼii Bikéyah Náhookǫsjígo Siʼanígíí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv">Diné bizaad</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B5hja-K%C3%BCprose_T%C3%BCrgi_Vabariik" title="Põhja-Küprose Türgi Vabariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%9A%CF%8D%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Τουρκική Δημοκρατία της Βόρειας Κύπρου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Turca_del_Norte_de_Chipre" title="República Turca del Norte de Chipre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turka_Respubliko_Norda_Kipro" title="Turka Respubliko Norda Kipro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipar_Zipreko_Turkiar_Errepublika" title="Ipar Zipreko Turkiar Errepublika – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="جمهوری ترک قبرس شمالی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chypre_du_Nord" title="Chypre du Nord – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Cheeprey_Hwoaie" title="Yn Cheeprey Hwoaie – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv">Gaelg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poyraz_Kipra_T%C3%BCrk_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Poyraz Kipra Türk Respublikası – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag">Gagauz</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Turca_do_Norte_de_Chipre" title="República Turca do Norte de Chipre – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%A3%D2%BB%D1%87" title="Ар Кипрудин Таңһч – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal">Хальмг</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%81%ED%82%A4%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="북키프로스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D5%AB%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հյուսիսային Կիպրոսի Թուրքական Հանրապետություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="उत्तरी साइप्रस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turska_Republika_Sjeverni_Cipar" title="Turska Republika Sjeverni Cipar – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turka_republiko_di_Norda_Chipro" title="Turka republiko di Norda Chipro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io">Ido</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Turki_Siprus_Utara" title="Republik Turki Siprus Utara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%C3%A6%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Цæгат Кипр – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os">Ирон</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%B0ur-K%C3%BDpur" title="Norður-Kýpur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipro_del_Nord" title="Cipro del Nord – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9F" title="הרפובליקה הטורקית של צפון קפריסין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siprus_Lor" title="Siprus Lor – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv">Basa Jawa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჩრდილოეთი კვიპროსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Солтүстік Кипр Түрік Республикасы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk">Қазақша</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repoblek_Turkek_Kobros_Kledh" title="Repoblek Turkek Kobros Kledh – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw">Kernowek</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipure_y%E2%80%99Amajyaruguru" title="Shipure y’Amajyaruguru – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw">Kinyarwanda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamhuri_ya_Kituruki_ya_Kupro_ya_Kaskazini" title="Jamhuri ya Kituruki ya Kupro ya Kaskazini – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw">Kiswahili</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komara_Tirk_a_Bakur%C3%AA_K%C3%AEpros%C3%AA" title="Komara Tirk a Bakurê Kîprosê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku">Kurdî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Түндүк Кипр Түрк Республикасы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky">Кыргызча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Йыдвел Кипр – Hill Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj">Кырык мары</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repuvlika_Turkana_del_Norte_de_Kipre" title="Repuvlika Turkana del Norte de Kipre – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad">Ladino</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%85%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Ухссавнил Кипр – лакку" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe">Лакку</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_Publica_Cypri_Septemtrionalis" title="Res Publica Cypri Septemtrionalis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zieme%C4%BCkipra" title="Ziemeļkipra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierkesch_Republik_Nordzypern" title="Tierkesch Republik Nordzypern – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turk%C5%B3_Kipras" title="Turkų Kipras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkse_Rippubliek_Noord-Cyprus" title="Turkse Rippubliek Noord-Cyprus – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li">Limburgs</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89szak-Ciprus" title="Észak-Ciprus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Турска Република Северен Кипар – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repoblika_Torka_ny_Kipra" title="Repoblika Torka ny Kipra – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg">Malagasy</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="നോർതേൺ സൈപ്രസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml">മലയാളം</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="उत्तर सायप्रस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr">मराठी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87" title="قبرص الشماليه – Egyptian Spoken Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz">مصرى</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Turki_Cyprus_Utara" title="Republik Turki Cyprus Utara – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Cyprus" title="Noord-Cyprus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E3%82%AD%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="北キプロス・トルコ共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%85" title="Къилбаседан Кипрера Туркойн Пачхьалкх – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce">Нохчийн</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Kypros" title="Nord-Kypros – Norwegian (bokmål)" lang="no" hreflang="no">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Kypros" title="Nord-Kypros – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipre_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Chipre del Nòrd – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc">Occitan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B8" title="ଉତ୍ତର ସାଇପ୍ରସ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8" title="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਸਾਈਪ੍ਰਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="اتلا قبرصی ترک لوکراج – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blica_Turca_%C3%ABd_Cipro_N%C3%B2rd" title="Repùblica Turca ëd Cipro Nòrd – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms">Piemontèis</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noordzypern" title="Noordzypern – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds">Plattdüütsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypr_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocny" title="Cypr Północny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Turca_de_Chipre_do_Norte" title="República Turca de Chipre do Norte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arqa_Kipr_Tu%27rk_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Arqa Kipr Tu'rk Respublikası – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eimaliy_Q%C4%B1br%C4%B1z_T%C3%BCrk_Cumhuriyeti" title="Şimaliy Qıbrız Türk Cumhuriyeti – Crimean Turkish" lang="crh" hreflang="crh">Qırımtatarca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Turc%C4%83_a_Ciprului_de_Nord" title="Republica Turcă a Ciprului de Nord – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Турецкая Республика Северного Кипра – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northren_Cyprus" title="Northren Cyprus – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco">Scots</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiproja_Veriore" title="Qiproja Veriore – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq">Shqip</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipru_d%C3%BB_Nord" title="Cipru dû Nord – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn">Sicilianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severocypersk%C3%A1_tureck%C3%A1_republika" title="Severocyperská turecká republika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severni_Ciper" title="Severni Ciper – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypr_P%C5%8D%C5%82n%C5%8Fcny" title="Cypr Pōłnŏcny – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl">Ślůnski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="قوبرسی باکوور – Sorani Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb">کوردی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Турска Република Северни Кипар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turska_Republika_Sjeverni_Kipar" title="Turska Republika Sjeverni Kipar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik_Turki_Siprus_Kal%C3%A9r" title="Républik Turki Siprus Kalér – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su">Basa Sunda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohjois-Kyproksen_turkkilainen_tasavalta" title="Pohjois-Kyproksen turkkilainen tasavalta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordcypern" title="Nordcypern – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikang_Turko_ng_Hilagang_Tsipre" title="Republikang Turko ng Hilagang Tsipre – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl">Tagalog</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="வடக்கு சைப்பிரசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Төньяк Кипрның Төрек Җөмһүрияте – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt">Татарча/tatarça</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ไซปรัสเหนือ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzey_K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_T%C3%BCrk_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demirgazyk_Kipr_t%C3%BCrk_respublikasy" title="Demirgazyk Kipr türk respublikasy – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk">Türkmençe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%83" title="Турецька Республіка Північного Кіпру – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B5" title="ترک جمہوریہ شمالی قبرص – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur">اردو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%AFc_S%C3%ADp" title="Bắc Síp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nol%C3%BCda-Sipre%C3%A4n" title="Nolüda-Sipreän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo">Volapük</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amihanan_Cyprus" title="Amihanan Cyprus – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war">Winaray</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF" title="北塞浦路斯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu">吴语</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C3%A1%C3%A0r%C3%ADw%C3%A1_K%C3%ADpr%C3%B9" title="Apáàríwá Kíprù – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo">Yorùbá</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF" title="北塞浦路斯 – Cantonese" lang="zh-yue" hreflang="zh-yue">粵語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150331191558/http://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumhuriyet%C3%AA_T%C4%B1rk%C3%AA_Q%C4%B1br%C4%B1s%C3%AA_Z%C4%B1mey" title="Cumhuriyetê Tırkê Qıbrısê Zımey – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq">Zazaki</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><a 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