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data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Redaktorlaw</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="kaa" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Qazaq xalqı (etnosı)</b> - XV-XVI ásirlerde házirgi jasap atırǵan keńisliktegi dalańlıq hám qumlıqta qáliplesken. Bul xalıq uzaq waqıttıń ótiwi menen óz-ara jerleslik, xojalıq hám mádeniy birligi bar hár túrli urıw hám qáwimler birikpesinen qáliplesken. Olardıń áyyemgi zamanlardan berli tiykarǵı xojalıǵı mal sharwashılıq, al járdemshi xojalıq retinde diyxanshılıq, ańshılıq, balıqshılıq penen shuǵıllanǵan. Jámiyetlik dúzimi urıw hám qáwimlerge birikken, neke ekzogamiya (óz urıwınan neke qadaǵan) tártibinde bolǵan.</p> <p>Házirgi xalqınıń sanı 25 mln. Olar hár túrli urıw hám qáwimler birikpelerine bólingen. Olardıń hár biri derlik óz shejirelerin dúzgen. Qazaq xalqı kóp urıw hám urıw birikpelerine bóliwine qaramastan, olarda óz-ara bir etnos ekenligi haqqında birlik sezimi qáliplesken. Qazaq xalqınıń urıw hám qáwim birikpeleriniń atamaları (etnonimleri) olar haqqında jazba etnografiyalıq hám arxeologiyalıq, antropologiyalıq derekler Qazaqstan jerinde tas dáwirden berli úzliksiz adam jasap kiyatırǵanlıǵın kórsetedi. Ol áyyemgi qáwimlerdiń <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Neolit&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Neolit (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Neolit</a> hám kola dáwirlerinde <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sibir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Sibir">Sibir</a>, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orayl%C4%B1q_Aziya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Oraylıq Aziya">Oraylıq Aziya</a>, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ural&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Ural (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Ural</a> menen hár túrli baylanısta bolǵan.</p> <p>Kola dáwirindegi jergilikli qáwimler, olarǵa kelip qosılǵan hár túrli urıw hám qáwim birikpeleri qazaq xalqınıń ata-babaların hám qazaq xalqın quraǵan. Erte dáwirlerge tiyisli jazba dereklerde b.e.sh. VII-IV ásirlerde házirgi Qazaqstan jerinde hár túrli bir neshe qáwimler jasaǵanlıǵı kórinedi.</p> <p>Olardıń biri, Sak qáwimleriniń birikpeleri bolǵan. Olar Túslik-Shıǵısta Tyan-Shanǵa shekem, saklardan Túslik-Batısta massagetler jasaǵan. Onıń quramında <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%81mud%C3%A1rya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Ámudárya (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Ámudáryanıń</a> tómengi alabında jasawshı Xorezmlilerden basqa, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%81mud%C3%A1rya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Ámudárya (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Ámudáryanıń</a> ortanǵı jaǵalarında jasaǵan derbikler hám Kawan daryasınıń boyındaǵı daxlar (toxarlar) hám basqa Sak qáwimleri kirgen. Solardıń biri Sak - apasiaklar, augasiler. Bular Ámudárya hám <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=S%C4%B1rdarya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Sırdarya (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Sırdaryanıń</a> tómengi alabında jasaǵan. Biziń eramızdıń birinshi ásirinde massagetler saklar menen birikti. Sırdaryanıń ortanǵı jaǵalarında, onnan shıǵısqa qaray aslar jasaǵan. Bulardı <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Q%C4%B1tay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qıtay">Qıtaydıń</a> eski dáwirlerdegi avtorlardı usunlar dep kórsetedi. áyyemgi Túslik <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstannıń</a> batıs tárepindegi qáwimler Kangoy mámleketine qaraǵan. Al <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bat%C4%B1s_Qazaqstan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Batıs Qazaqstan (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Batıs Qazaqstan</a> dalańlıqlarında b.e.sh. birinshi mıńınshı jıldıń ortalarında Savromatlar (sarmatlar), al biziń eramızdıń baslarında alanlar (<a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Q%C4%B1tay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qıtay">Qıtay</a> jılnamalarında olar Yantsay) jasaǵan. <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstan</a> dalańlıǵındaǵı áyyemgi qáwimler kóshpeli hám yarım kóshpeli turmıs keshirgen. Sonıń menen birge, olardıń kópshiligi, apasiaklar, augasiler, daxlar darya jaǵalarında jasaǵan, sharwashılıq penen birge ápiwayı diyxanshılıq hám balıqshılıq xojalıqları menen de shuǵıllanǵan. Turaqlı turmıs keshirip, qalalarda jasaǵan. Ol haqqında olardan qalǵan arxeologiyalıq estelikler saqlanǵan. Chu hám Talas boylarında jasaǵan Usunlarda diyxanshılıq penen shuǵıllanǵan. Usı áyyemgi qáwimler keleshekte kóplegen Orta Aziya xalıqlarınıń da ata-babalarınıń qáliplesiwine qatnasqan. Jergilikli qáwimler menen birge qazaq xalqınıń qáliplesiwine gunnılar hám basqa kelgen qáwimler de qatnastı. VI-VIII ásirlerde túrk kaganatıda <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstannıń</a> túslik-shıǵıs hám túslik <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstan</a> jerlerine shekem túrkler keldi, qazaq xalqınıń ata-babalarınıń qáliplesiwine qatnastı. Bul dáwirlerde házirgi Qazaqstan jerinde shıǵıstan kelgen úlken túrk qáwim birikpeleri tyurgeshler, táliler, karluklar, chigilar h.t.b. jasadı. Jerleslik hám xojalıq birlikleri jergilikli qáwimler menen sırttan kelgen qáwimler arasında túrklesiw, etnikalıq baylanıslardı basladı. Túrk kaganatı qulap, tyurgeshler ústemligi VIII ásirdiń qırqınshı jıllarınan baslandı. Tyurgeshler ústemligi qulap, olardıń ornına karluklar biyligi (<a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=766&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="766 (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">766</a>-<a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=940&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="940 (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">940</a> jj.) ornadı. Bul dáwirlerde jergilikli xalıqlarda ótırıqshılıq hám diyxanshılıq rawajlandı, qalalar kóbeyip, sawda ósti. IX-X ásirlerde <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Orayl%C4%B1q_Qazaqstan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Oraylıq Qazaqstan (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Oraylıq Qazaqstan</a> hám <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=S%C4%B1rdarya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Sırdarya (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Sırdaryanıń</a> tómengi jaǵalarında túrki tilles oguzler biyligi ornadı. Olardıń orayı Yangikent qalası (Jańa kent - jańa ótırıqshılıq qonısı qalası). Onıń hákimi Yaga lawazımında boldı. Oguzlerdiń batısında pechenegler jasap, olar túrkmen hám qaraqalpaqlardıń ata-babalarınıń qáliplesiwine qatnasqan. Sonday-aq, oguzler belgili dárejede qazaq xalqınıń ata-babalarınıń qáliplesiwine de tásir jasadı. <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstannıń</a> arqa hám arqa-shıǵısında kóshpeli sharwa kimak hám qıpshaqlar jasadı. Olar XI ásirde Qazaqstannıń kóplegen jerlerinde Túslik <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rossiya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Rossiya">Rossiya</a> jerlerinde jasadı. Olardıń siyasiy biyligi XII ásirde kúsheydi. <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Q%C4%B1pshaqlar&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Qıpshaqlar (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Qıpshaqlar</a> kóbirek qazaq xalqınıń qáliplesiwine, sonday-aq, olar <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%93zbek&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Ózbek (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">ózbek</a>, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qaraqalpaq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaraqalpaq">qaraqalpaq</a>, bashkir, qırǵız hám basqa da kóplegen túrki tilles xalıqlardıń qáliplesiwine qatnastı. Qıpshaqlardıń ayrım toparları ótırıqshılıqqa ótti. X ásirde Jetisuw hám Qashgariyada karaxanidler biyligi ornadı. Soń bular Orta Aziyadaǵı eki darya aralıǵındaǵı Samanidler ústemligin qulatıp, jergilikli xalıqlarǵa óz ústemligin ornattı. Bul dáwir Orta Aziya xalıqlarınıń etnikalıq tariyxında belgili basqısh boldı. Til, mádeniy, ekonomikalıq, etnikalıq baylanıslar Jetisuw, Shıǵıs Turkistan hám <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orta_Aziya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Orta Aziya">Orta Aziyadaǵı</a> eki darya aralıǵındaǵı xalıqlar arasında kúsheydi. XII ásirde bul jerlerge Shıǵıstan ata tegi monǵollar bolǵan Kidanlar, bolmasa qara Qıtaylılar kelip Karaxanidler ústemligin Jetisuwda, Túslik <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstanda</a> qulattı. Bularda qazaq xalqınıń hám basqada <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orta_Aziya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Orta Aziya">Orta Aziya</a> xalıqlarınıń ata-babalarınıń qáliplesiwine qatnasqan. Olar túrklesip, qazaq xalqınıń ata-babalarınıń XI-XII ásirlerde qáliplesiwinde áhmiyetli bolǵan. Qazaq xalqınıń qáliplesiwine XIII ásir basındaǵı monǵol shabıwları irkinish jasadı. Sebebi qazaqlardıń kóship qońıwshılıǵınan olardıń qonıslıqları buzıldı, xojalıqlarınıń ekonomikası tómenlep hár qanday jámiyetlik birikpeler baslandı. Monǵollar 1218-jılı Qazaqstanǵa topılıs jasadı. Egislik jerleri, suwǵarıw tarmaqları buzıldı. Jetisuw, Otrar hám taǵı basqa qalaları qıyradı, xalqı qırıldı. Kóplegen xalqı hár jaqqa posıp ketti.</p> <p><a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sh%C4%B1%C5%84%C7%B5%C4%B1sxan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Shıńǵısxan">Shıńǵısxan</a> 1227-jılı ólgennen keyin <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstannıń</a> barlıq jeri <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alt%C4%B1n_Orda&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Altın Orda (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Altın Ordaǵa</a> qosıldı. Biraq qazaqlardı jawlap alıwshılar qazaqlardıń mádeniyatına, ásirese tiline aytarlıqtay ózgeris kirgize almadı. XIV ásirde qıpshaqlardıń qazaqlar menen mádeniyatı, tili jaǵınan jaqınlasıwı, aralasıwı júdá kúsheydi. Shıńǵısxan miyrasxorlarınıń óz-ara ústemlik ushın talas-tartısları, Timurdıń Altın Ordanı qulatıwı nátiyjesinde onıń quramındaǵı xalıqlar bir-neshe xalıqqa bólindi. Nogay xanlıǵı XIV ásir aqırı XV ásir basında Volga, Kama, Ural daryalarınıń aralıǵında shólkemlesti. ózbek xanlıǵı Aral teńizi hám Sırdaryanıń tómengi jaǵalarınan arqaǵa qaray Ural, Tobal, arqa-shıǵıstaǵı İrtıshqa shekemgi aralıqta ornalastı. ózbek hám Nogay xanlıǵınıń etnikalıq quramı uqsas boldı. Olardıń xalıqları kóshpeli túrk qáwimlerinen, qıpshaq, karluk, qańlı, argın h.t.b. edi. Sonday-aq manǵıt, ming, merkit h.t.b. <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mon%C7%B5ol&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Monǵol (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">monǵol</a> qáwimleri boldı. <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Nogay&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Nogay (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Nogay</a> hám <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%93zbek&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Ózbek (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">ózbek</a> xanlıǵına qosılmaǵan jergilikli urıw hám qáwim birikpelerinen dulat, usun qáwimleriniń kópshilik bólekleri boldı.</p> <p><a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Abulxair_xan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Abulxair xan (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Abulxair xan</a> 1468-jılı ólgennen keyin onıń Qazaqstanda biriktirgen úlken kóshpeliler birikpesi tarqaldı. Qazaqlarda bir neshe iri feodallıq biylikler, bóliniwshilikler payda boldı. Olar bir qazaq xanlıǵına birikti. Ol xanlıq óziniń etnikalıq territoriyasına, óz-ara túsinikli tiline uqsas xojalıq túrine, mádeniyatına, turmısına iye xalıqqa basshılıq etti. Xalqınıń tilinde dialektler boldı. Sebebi óz tilindegi kóp qáwim birikpeleri bir tilge birikpesten, ózleriniń ayırım atamaların saqlaǵan. Bul xanlıqtıń xalqı dáslepki dáwirlerde birese ózbek dep, geyde qazaqlar depte, bolmasa ózbek-qazaqlar dep ataldı. XVI ásirdiń 30-jıllarınan baslap bul xalıqlar qazaqlar dep ataldı.</p> <p><a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaqstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Qazaqstan">Qazaqstan</a> jerindegi XV-XVI ásir basındaǵı iri siyasiy waqıyalar qazaq xalqınıń qáliplesiwiniń barısın tamamladı. XVI ásirlerde de qazaq xalqınıń quramına iri hám mayda urıw jáne qáwimlerdiń qosılıwı boldı. Mısalı, XVI ásir ortalarında qazaq xalqınıń quramına Nogay ulısınıń shıǵıstaǵı urıw hám qáwim birikpeleri qosıldı. Sonday-aq, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sibir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Sibir">Sibirdegi</a> Kuchum xanlıǵı qulaǵannan soń ol xanlıqtıń kóplegen urıw hám qáwimleri qazaq xanlıǵına qosıldı. Jetisuw jaǵalarındaǵı monǵol xanlıǵınanda kóplegen urıw hám qáwimler qazaqlarǵa qosıldı. Biraq qazaq xanlıǵında urıw hám qáwimlerge bóliniwshilik bul dáwirde de kúshli boldı. XVI ásirde qazaqlardıń 3 iri qáwimler birikpelerge júzge bóliniwshiligi birigip boldı: Ullı Júz, Orta Júz, Kishi Júz. Júz ataması - bólegi, tárepi, jaǵalıǵı degen mánide qollanılǵan. Qazaqstanda áyyemgi dáwirlerden berli bir-birinen qashıqlıqtaǵı 3 xojalıq wálayatlıǵı ómir súrdi: Jetisuw, Oraylıq Qazaqstan hám Batıs Qazaqstan. Olardıń hár biriniń qıslaw, jazlawları bolıp, olarda belgili urıw, qáwim sharwaları kóship, qońıp jasaǵan. Bul jerlerde qazaq xalqı qálipleskenshe, olardıń áyyemgi ata-babaları bolǵan qáwimler jasaǵan hár bir urıw, urıwlar birikpeleri ózleriniń shejirelerin dúzgen. Ol shejirelerde qazaq xalqınıń urıw hám qáwimleriniń kelip shıǵıwınıń kórsetiliwi menen birge, onda qońsılas xalıqlar menen qazaq xalqınıń etnikalıq, jerleslik, xojalıq birliklerin kórsetetuǵın derekler bar. Máselen, qazaq shejiresinde: "Túgel sózdiń tubi bir, Túp atası Mayqı biy" delinedi.</p> <p>Bunday mánidegi gápler qaraqalpaq, bashkir <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Shejire&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Shejire (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">shejirelerinde</a> de gezlesedi. Házirgi 10 mln xalqı bar qazaq xalqı, basqa xalıqlarday-aq uzaq waqıttıń ótiwi menen, óz-ara jerleslik, xojalıq hám mádeniy birligi bar hár túrli etnikalıq toparlardan qáliplesken. Tiykarǵı xojalıǵı mal-sharwashılıq, járdemshi xojalıq retinde diyxanshılıq, ańshılıq, balıqshılıq bolǵan. XVIII ásirde qazaqlar Rossiya quramına óte baslaǵan, bul dáwirde de olardıń jámiyetlik dúziminde urıw, qáwimge bóliniwshilik dawam etti. Biraq qazaq xalqınıń kóplegen urıw, qáwim birikpelerine bóliniwine qaramastan olardıń arasında barlıǵı bir xalıq (etnos) ekenligi haqqındaǵı túsinik, maqtanısh kúshli boldı. Qazaq xalqı XX ásir basına shekem 3 iri qáwimler birikpeleri júzge bólinedi: Ullı Júz, Orta Júz, Kishi Júz. Olardıń hár biri taǵı bir neshe qáwim urıw birikpelerine bólingen. Olardıń óz-ara etnikalıq birlik jerlesligi haqqında shejireleri, tamǵaları, uranları bolǵan. Ullı Júz Jetisuw, İl, Talas daryalarınıń jaǵalarında <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=S%C4%B1rdarya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Sırdarya (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Sırdaryanıń</a> Orta hám Joqarǵı jaǵalarında jasaǵan. Bular 1848-jılı Rossiya quramına ótti. Bul jerlerde b.e.sh. birinshi mıńınshı jıllardıń basında jergilikli áyyemgi qáwimler tiykarında qazaqtıń Ullı Júziniń negizleri qáliplesken. Ullı Júz Jalair, oshaktı, dulat, alban, qańlı h.t.b. urıwlarǵa bólingen. Sonday-aq, Ullı Júzler menen birge, óz aldına jasaǵan katagan, bestamǵalı degen urıwlar jasaǵan. Jalair, katagan, qańlı h.t.b. urıwlar qaraqalpaqlarda, Nuratada jasawshı túrkmenler, bashkir, qırǵızlarda bar. Jalair urıwınıń adamları XIV-XV ásirlerde Timur hám Timuridler qarawında bolǵan. Orta Júz qıpshaq, argın, nayman, kerey, qońırat h.t.b. etnikalıq bóleklerge bólingen. Qıpshaq, nayman, qońırat, jalair, qańlı urıwları qazaqlarǵa XIV-XV ásirlerde <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alt%C4%B1n_Orda&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Altın Orda (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Altın Orda</a> dáwirlerinde qosılǵan. Bular <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Orayl%C4%B1q_Qazaqstanda&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Oraylıq Qazaqstanda (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Oraylıq Qazaqstanda</a>, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=S%C4%B1rdarya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Sırdarya (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Sırdarya</a> jaǵalarında Qarataw hám Moyın qumda h.t.b. jerlerde jasaǵan. Qazaqlardıń Orta Júzindegi qońırat, nayman, qıpshaq urıw birikpeleri qırǵızlarda, ózbeklerde, qaraqalpaqlarda, bashkirlerde, altaylılarda bar. Kishi Júz Batıs Qazaqstanda ornalasqan. Onıń quramında iri 3 urıw birikpeleri Jeti urıw (tabın, tama, kerderi, kereyit, jaǵalbaylı, telew h.t.b.), álim ulı (shómekey, kete, tórtqara, qarasaqal h.t.b.) hám Bay ulı (aday, tana, baybaqtı, berish, sherkesh, nayman h.t.b.). Kishi Júz quramındaǵı kerderi, kereytler, telew (teli), nayman urıwları elede qaraqalpaqlar arasında ómir súrmekte. Kerderlerdiń qáwim birikpeleri hám olardıń qonıslıqları áyyemgi dáwirlerde Kidaritler dep atalıp, olardıń kópshiligi <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%81mud%C3%A1rya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Ámudárya (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">Ámudáryanıń</a> shep alabında jasaǵan, sońlıqtan olardıń jasaǵan jerlerindegi kanal, qala kerder kanalı (Quwanısh jarma), kerder qalası (Chimbay, Xawan qalaları) dep atalǵan. Bulardıń hákimlik, ekonomikalıq, mádeniy orayları, oqıw orınları bolǵan. Kerderler hár túrli qáwimler birikpesi degen menen óz-ara túsinikli tili bolǵan, ónermentshiligi rawajlanǵan. Jerleslik, xojalıq, mádeniy til birligi jaǵınan hár túrli qáwimler birikpesinen etnogenez etnoslardıń qáliplesiwi tariyxta belgili derekler tiykarı bolıp turǵan. Jawgershilik, suw apatshılıǵı h.t.b. sebepler menen urıw bolmasa qáwim birikpeleri bólinip, ózleri jasap atırǵan jerden ekinshi bir qáwimler birikpesine barıp aralasadı. Uzaq dáwir ózleriniń til, mádeniyat, xojalıq ózgesheligin saqlaydı. Bir hákimlikte, jerleslikte qáwimlerge ońısıp ketedi. Tek ǵana etnonimin saqlap qaladı. Ol etnonim bólekleriniń basqa urıw, qáwim birikpelerine aralasıp, olarda óz etnonimin belgili dáwirlerge shekem saqlaydı. Usılayınsha bir urıw qáwimler birikpelerinen qáliplesken etnoslarda uqsas etnonimler payda boladı. Mısalı, Qońırat, qıpshaq, nayman, teli, jalay etnonimleri bashkir, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qazaq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="mw-redirect" title="Qazaq">qazaq</a>, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Q%C4%B1r%C7%B5%C4%B1z&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Qırǵız (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">qırǵız</a>, <a href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%93zbek&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" class="new" title="Ózbek (bet ele jaratılmaǵan)">ózbek</a>, qaraqalpaq, túrkmen etnonimlerinde gezlesedi. Sebebi bul etnoslardıń barlıǵıda óz-ara jerles, xojalıq hám mádeniy baylanıstaǵı áyyemgi hám orta ásirlerdegi iran hám túrk jáne basqa tillerdegi etnonimlerden qáliplesken. Dunyada bir urıw bolmasa bir qáwimler birikpesinen qáliplesken xalıq joq. Barlıq xalıqlar hár túrli qáwim hám urıw birikpelerinen qáliplesken.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Derekler">Derekler</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://kaa-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Qazaqlar&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=te&_x_tr_hl=te" title="Derekler bólimin ózgertiw" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redaktorlaw</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1">   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Tiller</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakke" title="Kasakke – африкаанс тілі" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kasakke" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Казахтар – оңтүстік алтай тілі" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Казахтар" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="оңтүстік алтай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazacos" title="Cazacos – арагон тілі" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cazacos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2583%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE" title="كازاخ – араб тілі" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كازاخ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="араб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2583%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE" title="كازاخ – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كازاخ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazaxlar" title="Qazaxlar – әзірбайжан тілі" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qazaxlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="әзірбайжан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25E2%2580%258C%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="قازاخ‌لار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قازاخ‌لار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%25A0%25D0%25B0%25D2%2599%25D0%25B0%25D2%25A1%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Ҡаҙаҡтар – башқұрт тілі" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡаҙаҡтар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башқұрт тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%2596" title="Казахі – беларусь тілі" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Казахі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусь тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%2596" title="Казахі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Казахі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8" title="Казахи – болгар тілі" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Казахи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%2596_%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BF" title="কাজাখ জাতি – бенгал тілі" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কাজাখ জাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazasi" title="Kazasi – босния тілі" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kazasi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босния тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3%25D1%2583%25D1%2583%25D0%25B4" title="Хасагууд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хасагууд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs – каталан тілі" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kazakhs" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh-c%25C5%25ADk" title="Kazakh-cŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Kazakh-cŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588" title="Кхазакхаш – шешен тілі" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кхазакхаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="шешен тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25DB%2595%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="کازاخەکان – сорани тілі" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کازاخەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="сорани тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quazak" title="Quazak – корсика тілі" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Quazak" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсика тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaza%25C5%25A1i" title="Kazaši – чех тілі" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kazaši" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC" title="Казахсем – чуваш тілі" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Казахсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чуваш тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasakhere" title="Kasakhere – дат тілі" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kasakhere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дат тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasachen" title="Kasachen – неміс тілі" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kasachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="неміс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259A%25CE%25B1%25CE%25B6%25CE%25AC%25CF%2587%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B9" title="Καζάχοι – грек тілі" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καζάχοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грек тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs – ағылшын тілі" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kazakhs" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ағылшын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaza%25C4%25A5oj" title="Kazaĥoj – эсперанто тілі" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kazaĥoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazajos" title="Kazajos – испан тілі" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kazajos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasahhid" title="Kasahhid – эстон тілі" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kasahhid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh" title="Kazakh – баск тілі" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25D9%2585_%25D9%2582%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582" title="مردم قزاق – парсы тілі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم قزاق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="парсы тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakit" title="Kazakit – фин тілі" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kazakit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs – француз тілі" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kazakhs" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakken" title="Kazakken – батыс фриз тілі" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kazakken" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="батыс фриз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casacst%25C3%25A1naigh" title="Casacstánaigh – ирланд тілі" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Casacstánaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_casaco" title="Pobo casaco – галисия тілі" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo casaco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh-chhu%25CC%258Dk" title="Kazakh-chhu̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kazakh-chhu̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A7%25D7%2596%25D7%2597%25D7%2599%25D7%259D" title="קזחים – иврит тілі" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קזחים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BC%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A4%25BC_%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%2597" title="कज़ाख़ लोग – хинди тілі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कज़ाख़ लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazasi" title="Kazasi – хорват тілі" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kazasi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakok" title="Kazakok – венгр тілі" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kazakok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгр тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2582%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A6%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AD%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580" title="Ղազախներ – армян тілі" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ղազախներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армян тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Kazakh" title="Orang Kazakh – индонезия тілі" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazaki" title="Kazaki – итальян тілі" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kazaki" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="итальян тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25AB%25E3%2582%25B6%25E3%2583%2595%25E4%25BA%25BA" title="カザフ人 – жапон тілі" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カザフ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="жапон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wong_Kazakh" title="Wong Kazakh – ява тілі" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wong Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ява тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A7%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2598" title="ყაზახები – грузин тілі" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყაზახები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolma_Kazakh" title="Jolma Kazakh – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jolma Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D2%259B%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Қазақтар – қазақ тілі" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қазақтар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазақ тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%25B9%25B4%25EC%259E%2590%25ED%259D%2590%25EC%259D%25B8" title="카자흐인 – корей тілі" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카자흐인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корей тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%258A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0" title="Къазакълыла – қарашай-балқар тілі" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Къазакълыла" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="қарашай-балқар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazax" title="Qazax – күрд тілі" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Qazax" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="күрд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Казактар – қырғыз тілі" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Казактар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="қырғыз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585_%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BA%25D1%258C" title="Казах халкь – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Казах халкь" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachai" title="Kazachai – литва тілі" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kazachai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahi" title="Kazahi – латыш тілі" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kazahi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыш тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaz%25C3%25A0ka_(vahoaka)" title="Kazàka (vahoaka) – малагаси тілі" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kazàka (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагаси тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585" title="Казах – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Казах" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urang_Kazakh" title="Urang Kazakh – минангкабау тілі" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Urang Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8" title="Казаци – македон тілі" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Казаци" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%2596%25E0%25B5%258D" title="കസാഖ് – малаялам тілі" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കസാഖ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%2583%25D1%2583%25D0%25B4" title="Казахууд – моңғол тілі" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Казахууд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="моңғол тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Kazakh" title="Orang Kazakh – малай тілі" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachen" title="Kazachen – нидерланд тілі" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kazachen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasaker" title="Kasaker – норвегиялық букмол тілі" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kasaker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвегиялық букмол тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D1%258A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3_%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25C3%25A6%25D0%25BC" title="Хъазахаг адæм – осетин тілі" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хъазахаг адæм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%2596%25E0%25A8%25BC_%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%258B%25E0%25A8%2595" title="ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼ ਲੋਕ – пенджаб тілі" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼ ਲੋਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджаб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachowie" title="Kazachowie – поляк тілі" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kazachowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2582_%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25DA%25A9" title="قازق لوک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قازق لوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazaques" title="Cazaques – португал тілі" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cazaques" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahi" title="Kazahi – румын тілі" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kazahi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8" title="Казахи – орыс тілі" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Казахи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орыс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Казахтар – саха тілі" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Казахтар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs – шотланд тілі" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kazakhs" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazasi" title="Kazasi – серб-хорват тілі" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kazasi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="серб-хорват тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kazakhs" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachovia" title="Kazachovia – словак тілі" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kazachovia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словак тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahi" title="Kazahi – словен тілі" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kazahi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словен тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazak%25C3%25ABt" title="Kazakët – албан тілі" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kazakët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D0%25B8" title="Казаси – серб тілі" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Казаси" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazaker" title="Kazaker – швед тілі" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kazaker" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakazakhi" title="Wakazakhi – суахили тілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wakazakhi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25B3%25E0%25AF%258D" title="கசக்குகள் – тамил тілі" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கசக்குகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BE%25D2%259B%25D2%25B3%25D0%25BE" title="Қазоқҳо – тәжік тілі" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қазоқҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="тәжік тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%2584%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2584" title="ชาวคาซัค – тай тілі" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชาวคาซัค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazaklar" title="Gazaklar – түрікмен тілі" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gazaklar" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="түрікмен тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazaklar" title="Kazaklar – түрік тілі" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kazaklar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="түрік тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Казакълар – татар тілі" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Казакълар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D1%258A%25D1%2591%25D1%2581" title="Казахъёс – удмурт тілі" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Казахъёс" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмурт тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582_%25D9%2585%25D9%2589%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D9%2589%25D8%25AA%25D9%2589" title="قازاق مىللىتى – ұйғыр тілі" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قازاق مىللىتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ұйғыр тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8" title="Казахи – украин тілі" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Казахи" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2582" title="قازق – урду тілі" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قازق" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qozoqlar" title="Qozoqlar – өзбек тілі" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qozoqlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="өзбек тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazahlai%25C5%25BEed" title="Kazahlaižed – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kazahlaižed" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%25C6%25B0%25E1%25BB%259Di_Kazakh" title="Người Kazakh – вьетнам тілі" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Kazakh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2593%2588%25E8%2590%25A8%25E5%2585%258B%25E6%2597%258F" title="哈萨克族 – қытай тілі (У)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="哈萨克族" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="қытай тілі (У)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A7%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%2598" title="ყაზახეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ყაზახეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2580w%25E1%25BB%258Dn_K%25C3%25A0s%25C3%25A0k" title="Àwọn Kàsàk – йоруба тілі" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Kàsàk" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B4%25BD%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%25A3%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%2585%25E2%25B5%258F" title="ⵉⴽⴰⵣⴰⵅⵏ – марокколық стандартты тамазигхт тілі" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⴽⴰⵣⴰⵅⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="марокколық стандартты тамазигхт тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2593%2588%25E8%2596%25A9%25E5%2585%258B%25E6%2597%258F" title="哈薩克族 – қытай тілі" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哈薩克族" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="қытай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh-cho%25CC%258Dk" title="Kazakh-cho̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kazakh-cho̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2593%2588%25E8%2596%25A9%25E5%2585%258B%25E4%25BA%25BA" title="哈薩克人 – кантон тілі" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="哈薩克人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Qaraqalpaqsha Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Bul bet aqırǵı márte 08:50, 2024 j. iyunnıń 19 waqtında ózgertildi.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maǵlıwmat <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=te&hl=te&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.kaa">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> litsenziyası boyınsha alınǵan (eger basqa shártler kórsetilmese).</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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