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</div> </div> </nav> <nav role="navigation" id="wb-bc" class="" property="breadcrumb"> <h2 class="wb-inv">You are here:</h2> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <ol class="breadcrumb"><li><a href="http://www.canada.ca/en/index.html">Home</a></li><li><a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/global-affairs-affaires-mondiales/home-accueil.aspx?lang=eng">Global Affairs Canada</a></li><li><a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-1.aspx?lang=eng">Authentication of documents</a></li><li>Authentication of documents: Frequently asked questions</li> </ol> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <main property="mainContentOfPage" class="container" role="main">  <h1 id="wb-cont" property="name">Authentication of documents: Frequently asked questions</h1><div class="gc-stp-stp"><div class="row"><ul class="toc lst-spcd col-md-12"><li class="col-md-4 col-sm-6"><a class="list-group-item" href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-1.aspx?lang=eng">1. Authentication of documents: Before you start</a></li><li class="col-md-4 col-sm-6"><a class="list-group-item" href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-2.aspx?lang=eng">2. Requirements for your document</a></li><li class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 clr-lft-sm"><a class="list-group-item" href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-3.aspx?lang=eng">3. Get your document notarized</a></li><li class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 clr-lft-md clr-lft-lg"><a class="list-group-item" href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng">4. Send your document</a></li><li class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 clr-lft-sm"><a class="list-group-item" href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-5.aspx?lang=eng">5. After you send your document</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-8"><div class="mrgn-tp-xl mrgn-bttm-md"><button class="btn btn-primary wb-toggle" data-toggle="{"selector": "details", "parent": "#details-elements", "print": "on"}">Toggle all frequently asked questions</button></div><div id="details-elements" class="wb-filter"><section><ul class="list-unstyled"><li><details open="open"><summary>How long will it take to process my documents?</summary><p>We count <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-1.aspx?lang=eng#pro">processing times</a> from the day when we receive your documents in our office.</p><p>Processing time doesn’t include mailing time. Please plan on up to 5 business days for your documents to reach us when you send them to us by regular mail, and up to 5 business days for the documents to reach you when we return them to you.</p><p>Warnings:</p><ul><li>You must follow all our requirements and procedures. If you don't, we will return your documents by regular mail. We won't authenticate them.</li><li>We aren't responsible for lost documents, whether shipped by regular mail or by courier.</li><li>We can't track your documents during shipping.</li></ul><p></p><p><strong>We do not offer expedited services so please plan your request accordingly. If you have urgent and exceptional circumstances (generally defined as unexpected events outside of the applicant’s control and that require immediate action) and want us to consider processing your document in priority, you may <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/auth_services_contact-coor_services_auth.aspx?lang=eng">contact us</a>. Please note that you do not need to hire a third-party company to submit your request to our office.</strong></p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I check the status of my request?</summary><p>Please note that we can only provide a status update regarding a request submitted to the Authentication Services Section only after a minimum wait time has lapsed. If you have asked us to forward your documents to an <a href="https://travel.gc.ca/assistance/embassies-consulates">embassy, high commission or consulate</a>, check the status of your documents with them first.</p><p>For information on the minimum wait time to request a status update and to access the status update form, please visit <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/form-formulaire.aspx?lang=eng">Check the status of your request to authenticate documents</a>.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>My request includes documents destined to several countries. For some of them, <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/alternatives-solutions-rechange.aspx?lang=eng">alternative authentication or legalization methods</a> (for example, provincial authentication) are available, but for some others, no other option except for authentication by Global Affairs Canada is possible. What processing time will apply to my request?</summary><p>If you request contains at least one document that is destined to a country for which one of the options listed in the <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/alternatives-solutions-rechange.aspx?lang=eng">Alternatives to authentication by the Authentication Services Section at Global Affairs Canada</a> page is available, the longer processing time will apply to the entire submission. Therefore, if you wish the documents destined to countries for which no alternative is available be processed according to the shorter processing time, you will have to submit them separately.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can you tell me whether any of the options that are listed on the <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/alternatives-solutions-rechange.aspx?lang=eng">Alternatives to authentication by the Authentication Services Section at Global Affairs Canada</a> page are available to me?</summary><p>The requirement to get your documents authenticated by a Canadian authority (federal or provincial/territorial) is entirely determined by the laws, regulations or practices of the country where your Canadian document is destined. As a result, you will have to enquiry with appropriate authority (e.g., the <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/protocol-protocole/reps.aspx?lang=eng">embassy. High commission or consulate in Canada</a>) of the country of destination of your document whether these or other alternatives may be available to you. Please note that the Authentication Services Section cannot advise you on the availability or suitability of any of these options.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Is there a rush service available?</summary><p>Our office processes requests in the order in which they are received. No rush service is available at the moment. If you have urgent and exceptional circumstances (generally defined as unexpected events outside of the applicant’s control and that require immediate action) and want us to consider processing your document in priority, you may contact us. Please note that you do not need to hire a third-party company to submit your request to our office.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I have my documents authenticated in person?</summary><p>We do not offer in-person service. For instructions on submitting your request by mail, please visit <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng#mai">here</a></p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do I need to get my Canadian document legalized or authenticated by Global Affairs Canada or by provincial or territorial authentication office to be able to use it abroad?</summary><p>The requirement to get your documents authenticated by a Canadian authority (provincial/territorial or federal) entirely depends on the laws, regulations or practices of the country where your Canadian document is intended to be used. This is not a requirement of any Canadian law or regulation.</p><p>To confirm the authentication requirement, check the with receiving authority or institution at destination or the foreign mission (embassy, high commission, or consulate) of the country where your document will be used:</p><ul class="lst-spcd"><li><a href="http://w05.international.gc.ca/Protocol-Protocole/Missions.aspx?lang=eng">Foreign embassies and high commissions in Canada</a></li><li><a href="http://w05.international.gc.ca/Protocol-Protocole/Consular-Consulats.aspx?lang=eng">Foreign consulates in Canada</a></li></ul><p>Be advised that <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-1.aspx?lang=eng#a5">some provinces and territories offer authentication services</a> with respect to public documents issued in their jurisdictions. These services operate independently of the Government of Canada and have the same validity as the ones performed by the Authentication Services Section at Global Affairs Ottawa in Ottawa. Please note that some countries will only accept the authentication performed by Global Affairs Canada. To find out whether the country of destination of your document will accept provincial or territorial authentication, we suggest you checking with the foreign mission of the country of destination of your documents (see above link).</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do I need to mail my application? Can I send it by email instead?</summary><p>You must submit your request in paper format, by following steps  <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-1.aspx?lang=eng">1</a>, <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-2.aspx?lang=eng">2</a>, <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-3.aspx?lang=eng">3</a>, <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng">4</a>. If, however, you have documents that were issued electronically or are digitally signed, you may <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/auth_services_contact-coor_services_auth.aspx?lang=eng">contact us</a> for guidance.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do I need to submit ID with my application for authentication of documents?</summary><p>If you are requesting an <strong>authentication</strong> of documents, you do not need to submit ID with your application.</p><p>Please note that if you are applying for a<a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/lieu.aspx?lang=eng"> <em>statement in lieu of certificate of non-impediment to marriage abroad</em>,</a> you must enclose a certified copy of an ID.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>If I’m submitting a certified, notarized copy of a document, do you need to see the original?</summary><p>If you are submitted a certified, notarized copy of a document, you do not need to enclose the original version of it. Please note that some documents are only accepted in their original version (e.g., Vital Statistics documents). To find out the requirements for your document, please visit <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-2.aspx?lang=eng">Step 2 - Requirements for your document</a></p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>What do I need to submit with my application for authentication in addition to the document that need to be authenticated?</summary><p>Please ensure to follow steps 1 to 4 on our website and include the form <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng#mai">EXT2165 </a>with your request. You have difficulties opening the form, please follow these <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/global-affairs-affaires-mondiales/help-aide.aspx?lang=eng">instructions</a>.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>I forgot to include a self-addressed envelope or a prepaid shipping label. What will happen with my application?</summary><p>As indicated on Step 4 -<a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng"> Send your document</a>, if you want us to return the document to you or forward it to a party other than a foreign mission in Ottawa, you must include a self-addressed envelope or a prepaid shipping label with your request. If you forgot to include a self-addressed envelope or a prepaid shipping label, we will return or forward your documents by regular mail with. Please note that this may cause some delays. If you wish to send a prepaid shipping label after you submitted your application to our office, you may <a href="mailto:docs@international.gc.ca">email </a>to us. While we will do our best to add your prepaid shipping label to your application, given the high volume of requests we must handle we cannot guarantee this will be done on time. In such case, your request will be returned by regular mail.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>I forgot to include the mandatory request form (EXT2165) with my application for authentication. Can I send it you separately?</summary><p>If you forgot to include the mandatory request form (EXT2165) with your request, you may <a href="mailto:docs@interational.gc.ca">email </a>it to our office. While we will do our best to pair it with your application, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so. In such case, your request will be returned to the sender as indicated on the envelope or any party you may have indicated in a separate piece of paper included with your application.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do you accept name-based criminal record checks?</summary><p>Our office performs authentication of name-based criminal record checks. For information the authentication of criminal record checks, please visit <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-2.aspx?lang=eng">Step 2 - Requirements for your document</a>.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do academic documents (e.g., college/cégep or university transcripts, diplomas) need to be sent to your office in an sealed envelope directly from the issuing college/cégep or university?</summary><p>We do not require that academic documents be sent in a sealed envelope from the issuing college/cégep or university</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I get my documents sent directly to your office from the issuing institution (e.g. a college/cégep or university, RCMP)?</summary><p>Our office requires information to be able to properly process an application, all of which are captured in the form you must submit with your application (EXT2165). As such, if you want the issuing institution to sent your document directly to our office, please ask them to include a duly filled in form with your application. If we receive documents from an institutions and no form or return instructions are enclosed, after processing we will send them back to the sender (namely, the issuing institution that sent the documents to our office).</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do Canadian missions (embassies, consulates, and high commissions) offer authentication services too?</summary><p>Some Canadians missions offer authentication services for those who are located within their respective consular jurisdiction. To find out if they do, please visit the website of the <a href="https://travel.gc.ca/assistance/embassies-consulates">Canadian mission</a> that is responsible for the country or region where you are located. If they offer that service, their processing time may be lower than that of the Authentication Services Sections in Ottawa.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>I have a short-form (pocket-size) birth certificate. Can I get it authenticated it?</summary><p>We do not authenticate short-form (pocket size) birth certificates. We can only authenticate original, long-form birth certificates. If you need to order one, please check with your provincial or territorial Vital Statistics office where the birth is registered.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>How old can a document be to be eligible for authentication?</summary><p>As present, there is no set maximum age for documents to be eligible for authentication by our office. However, be advised that if we do not have the specimen signature on file of the signing official or we are otherwise unable to ascertain the authenticity or validity of the document, we may refuse to authenticate it. In such case, you will have to get your document reissued and submit a new request for authentication.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Is there a fee for authentication?</summary><p>We do not currently charge a fee to authenticate documents.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>I can't open the form. Can you help?</summary><p>Try these <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/global-affairs-affaires-mondiales/help-aide.aspx?lang=eng">PDF instructions</a>.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>How do I apply for a statement in lieu of non-impediment to marriage abroad?</summary><p>Find out how to apply for a <a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/lieu.aspx?lang=eng">statement in lieu of non-impediment to marriage</a>.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Will the Government of Canada forward my documents to a foreign embassy?</summary><p>Upon request, we can forward your authenticated documents to an embassy, high commission or consulate in Ottawa. Note that due to the COVID-19 situation, some of those offices are temporarily closed, working at a reduced capacity or cannot receive mail. Therefore, before requesting us to forward your authenticated documents, we suggest checking with them first to confirm that they are fully operational.</p><p>If after confirming their operation status you want us to forward your document, please follow <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng">these instructions</a>. </p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I send cash?</summary><p><b>Do not send us cash in the mail.</b> The authentication services we provide in Ottawa are free. If your documents must subsequently be sent to a foreign embassy, high commission, or consulate that requires payment, arrange payment directly with them.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do I have to include a return envelope?</summary><p>We recommend that you send a prepaid return envelope to ensure your documents can be tracked. Your documents will be sent via regular mail with no tracking capabilities should no envelope be provided.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I track documents returned via regular mail?</summary><p>Documents returned via regular mail <b>cannot</b> be tracked.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>What is a prepaid label?</summary><p>A prepaid label is a shipping label that has been ordered and paid in advance to have your documents returned to your attention. Courier waybills with account numbers are not accepted. If a waybill is provided, your documents will be returned by regular mail with no tracking capabilities.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>How can I authenticate my documents if I no longer live in Canada?</summary><p>Documents can be sent to our office via mail or courier for authentication. Please ensure you have consulted the instructions applicable to your document(s).</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>How can I get a prepaid label outside of Canada?</summary><p>We recommend you contact a Canadian company that ships internationally to provide you with a prepaid label by email. You can then print the label and include it with your documents when <a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng#a3">mailing them for authentication</a>.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do you authenticate original documents or copies?</summary><p>The requirement for authentication varies depending on the type of document provided. Consult the <a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-2.aspx?lang=eng">authentication requirements</a> for your specific document(s)</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I send you a photocopy of my document instead of my original?</summary><p>We cannot authenticate plain photocopies without an original signature and seal. We may be able to authenticate copies that have been certified by a notary. Consult the <a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-2.aspx?lang=eng">requirements</a> for your document.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can a commissioner for oaths certify a true copy?</summary><p>Rules governing the appointment and authority of commissioners for oaths are set by the province or territory of appointment. It is our understanding that, in Canada, commissioners for oaths generally are not authorized to certify copies of documents.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do I need to list all the documents on your request form or only the ones requiring authentication?</summary><p>All documents requiring authentication must be listed on the Authentication Request Form. We will authenticate all documents listed on the form, provided that the applicable <a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-2.aspx?lang=eng">requirements</a> are met. If you send us supporting documents which you do not wish to have authenticated, please do not list these on the Authentication Request Form.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can my documents be declined?</summary><p>Yes, some documents cannot be authenticated. Find out why <a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-5.aspx?lang=eng#a3">your document can be declined authentication</a>.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do you authenticate documents for use in Canada?</summary><p>The primary role of the Authentication Services Section is to authenticate Canadian public documents for use in other countries.</p><p>Canadian law does not require the authentication of foreign public documents before they can be used in Canada. In exceptional circumstances where authentication may be required by a Canadian organization, this service may be offered by the issuing country’s <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/protocol-protocole/reps.aspx?lang=eng">embassy, high commission, or consulate in Canada</a>. If Global Affairs Canada’s authentication is also required by the receiving Canadian authority or organization, please <a href="mailto:docs@international.gc.ca">email us</a> the proof of that requirement  and include an explanation. We will assess your request and strive to provide you with a response within five business days.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do you authenticate foreign documents for use abroad?</summary><p>The primary role of the Authentication Services Section is to authenticate Canadian public documents for use in other countries. As such, we are unable to authenticate foreign documents for use abroad.</p>If you have a foreign document and need to authenticate it for use abroad, for assistance we recommend that you contact the <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/protocol-protocole/reps.aspx?lang=eng">embassy, high commission, or consulate in Canada</a> of the country of issuance.</details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I authenticate my documents somewhere else in Canada?</summary><p>Competent Authorities in the following provinces are responsible for issuing apostilles for documents issued or notarized in their respective provinces:</p><p>Alberta<br>British Columbia<br>Ontario<br>Quebec<br>Saskatchewan</p><p>These services operate independently of the Government of Canada. Our authentication office is located in Ottawa only.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do you authenticate funeral home death certificates?</summary><p>We only authenticate death certificates issued by provincial or territorial vital statistics offices. We are unable to authentication death certificates issued by funeral homes.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Do authentication certificates expire?</summary><p>Authentication certificates issued by the Government of Canada do not expire. However, some foreign authorities may refuse old authentication certificates.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can you make photocopies of my documents?</summary><p>We do not offer document services such a photocopies.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Can I use a waybill to get my documents returned to me?</summary><p>Courier waybills with account numbers are not accepted. Documents will be returned via regular mail if a waybill if provided.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>How are apostilles affixed to the documents?</summary><p>We normally affix the apostilles to the documents using staples or eyelets. Should you want to preserve your original document (for example, your university diploma) unaltered, we suggest you provide us with a certified copy. Before doing so, you should check if a certified copy will be accepted <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-1.aspx?lang=eng#a1">in the country where your documents will be used</a>. Note that when it comes to documents issued by Vital Statistics, we can issue apostilles for original documents only or certified copies issued by those offices (rather than by notaries public).</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>What is the difference between authentication, legalization and apostille?</summary><p>Authentication proves that the signature and seal on a document are genuine, so that the document may be recognized in another country. Ordinarily, documents authenticated by the issuing country may be then subject to requirements for legalization (i.e., further certification by consular authorities of the country of destination). Legalization speaks to the validity of a foreign document in the country of destination. Once legalized, the foreign document will normally have same validity as an equivalent document issued by the authorities of country of destination.</p><p>An apostille is a specific type of authentication certificate. Apostilles are issued by countries that are parties to the 1961 <i>Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents</i> (also known as the “Apostille Convention”). The purpose of the Apostille Convention is to simplify the authentication process by removing the requirement for legalization.</p><p>The Apostille Convention will enter into force in Canada on January 11, 2024.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Why do my documents need to be notarized before authentication?</summary><p>If we are unable to authenticate the signature on your document (for example, because it was not signed by a public official whose signature is known to our office) we may be able to authenticate a notarized copy.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Why do you need my email and phone number on the request form?</summary><p>Your personal information is required should we need to contact you regarding the authentication of your documents.</p></details></li><li><details open="open"><summary>Who can I contact if I still have questions?</summary><p>Please visit our <a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/auth_services_contact-coor_services_auth.aspx?lang=eng">Contact Details</a> page.</p></details></li></ul></section></div></div><div class="col-md-4"><h2>Related services and information</h2><ul class="lst-spcd"><li><a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/authentication-services-authentification.aspx?lang=eng">Updates – Authentication services section</a></li><li><a href="https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/alternatives-solutions-rechange.aspx?lang=eng">Alternatives to authentication by the Authentication Services Section at Global Affairs Canada </a></li><li><a href="https://travel.gc.ca/travelling/documents/marriage-overseas">Getting married outside Canada</a></li><li><a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/lieu.aspx?lang=eng">Statement in lieu of certificate of non-impediment to marriage abroad</a></li><li><a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-5.aspx?lang=eng#a2">Check the status of your request</a></li><li><a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-1.aspx?lang=eng#a3">Reasons we cannot authenticate your document</a></li><li><a href="/gac-amc/about-a_propos/services/authentication-authentification/step-etape-4.aspx?lang=eng#out">If you are outside Canada</a></li></ul></div></div>  <div class="row pagedetails"> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mrgn-tp-sm"> <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/report-problem.html" class="btn btn-default btn-block">Report a problem or mistake on this page</a> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 mrgn-tp-sm pull-right"> <div class="wb-share" data-wb-share='{"lnkClass": "btn btn-default btn-block"}'></div> </div> <div class="datemod col-xs-12 mrgn-tp-lg"> <dl id="wb-dtmd"> <dt>Date modified: </dt> <dd> <time 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