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class="mw-page-title-main">Geert Lovink</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girt_Lovink" title="Girt Lovink – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Girt Lovink" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geert_Lovink" title="Geert Lovink – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Geert Lovink" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geert_Lovink" title="Geert Lovink – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geert Lovink" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geert_Lovink" title="Geert Lovink – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geert Lovink" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geert_Lovink" title="Geert Lovink – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Geert Lovink" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geert_Lovink" title="Geert Lovink – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Geert Lovink" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83" title="جيرت لوفينك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيرت لوفينك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dutch academic</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Geert Lovink</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:2010-09_CPOV_IMG_4700.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/2010-09_CPOV_IMG_4700.JPG/220px-2010-09_CPOV_IMG_4700.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/2010-09_CPOV_IMG_4700.JPG/330px-2010-09_CPOV_IMG_4700.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/2010-09_CPOV_IMG_4700.JPG/440px-2010-09_CPOV_IMG_4700.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2432" data-file-height="1756" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Geert Lovink in 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1959 (age 64–65)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/The_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="The Netherlands">Dutch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Melbourne" title="University of Melbourne">University of Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Queensland" title="University of Queensland">University of Queensland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Media Theorist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Hogeschool_van_Amsterdam" class="mw-redirect" title="Hogeschool van Amsterdam">Hogeschool van Amsterdam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://networkcultures.org/">http://networkcultures.org/</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://networkcultures.org/geert">http://networkcultures.org/geert</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://laudanum.net/geert/">http://laudanum.net/geert/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Geert Lovink</b> (born 1959, Amsterdam) is the founding director of the Institute of Network Cultures,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose goals are to explore, document and feed the potential for socio-economical change of the new media field through events, publications and open dialogue.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As theorist, activist and net critic, Lovink has made an effort in helping to shape the development of the web. </p><p>Since 2004 Lovink is a researcher at the Faculty of Digital Media and Creative Industries at the <a href="/wiki/Hogeschool_van_Amsterdam" class="mw-redirect" title="Hogeschool van Amsterdam">Hogeschool van Amsterdam</a> (HvA) where he heads the Institute of Network Cultures. From 2007 till 2017 he was a Professor of Media Theory at the <a href="/wiki/European_Graduate_School" title="European Graduate School">European Graduate School</a> where he supervised five PhD students. From 2004-2013 he was an <a href="/wiki/Associate_Professor" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate Professor">Associate Professor</a> of New Media at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a> (UvA).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2021 he was appointed Professor of Art and Network Cultures at the UvA Art History Department. The Chair (one day a week) is supported by the HvA. Lovink earned his <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">master's degree</a> in political science at the University of Amsterdam, holds a <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a> from the University of Melbourne and has been a <a href="/wiki/Postdoctoral" class="mw-redirect" title="Postdoctoral">postdoctoral</a> fellow at the University of Queensland.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities">Activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geert_Lovink&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid 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.mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-External_links plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-external_links" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <b>use of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a> may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geert_Lovink&action=edit">improve this article</a> by removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_mirror_or_a_repository_of_links,_images,_or_media_files" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">excessive</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">inappropriate</a> external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">footnote references</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Since the early eighties, Lovink has been involved in a range of different projects and initiatives in the field of new media. </p> <ul><li>1983 Member of Adilkno</li> <li>1989–94 Editor for the media art magazine <i>Mediamatic</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1993 Co-founder of the support campaign for independent media in South-East Europe <i>Press Now</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1994 Co-founder of the Amsterdam-based free community network Digital City<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (DDS)</li> <li>1994 Co-founder of the internet workspace and content provider for the arts desk.nl.</li> <li>1995 Co-founder (together with Pit Schultz) of the international <a href="/wiki/Nettime" title="Nettime">nettime</a> circle</li> <li>1996–99 Public researcher at the Society for Old and New Media, De Waag<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1996 Coordinating projects and teaching once a year at the IMI mediaschool<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Osaka/Japan</li> <li>2000 organizer of the <a href="/wiki/Tulip_mania" title="Tulip mania">Tulipomania</a> Dotcom conference</li> <li>2000–08 Consultant/editor to the exchange program of Waag Society and Sarai New Media Centre (Delhi)</li> <li>2001 Co-founder of FibreCulture,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a forum for Australian Internet research and culture</li> <li>2002 Co-organizer of Dark Markets,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on new media and democracy in times of crisis in Vienna</li> <li>2003 Co-organizer of Uncertain States of Reportage<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Delhi</li> <li>2004 Co-organizer (together with Trebor Scholz) of the conference on the art of (online) collaboration Free Cooperation<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at SUNY Buffalo</li></ul> <p>On 31 May 2010 Geert Lovink took part in Quit Facebook Day and deleted his <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> account.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020 two text archives of Geert Lovink were preserved and transferred to the INC website: The Adilkno/Bilwet archive, once hosted by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://desk.nl">desk.nl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190424220954/https://www.desk.nl/">Archived</a> 2019-04-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (1990-1999): <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://networkcultures.org/bilwet-archive/">https://networkcultures.org/bilwet-archive/</a> and the text archive of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geertlovink.org">geertlovink.org</a> (2000-2010): <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://networkcultures.org/geertlovink-archive/">https://networkcultures.org/geertlovink-archive/</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theories">Theories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geert_Lovink&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Theories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Geert Lovink was one of the key theorists behind the concept of <a href="/wiki/Tactical_media" title="Tactical media">tactical media</a> – the use of media technologies as a tool for <a href="/wiki/Critical_theory" title="Critical theory">critical theory</a> to become artistic practice. As an Internet activist, he describes tactical media as a "deliberately slippery term, a tool for creating 'temporary consensus zones' based on unexpected alliances. A temporary alliance of hackers, artists, critics, journalists and activists."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In essence, he believes that these new resources of which audiences could become participants in actions against higher powers became an area in which many different types of people could unite. Lovink also was a founder of the early web mailing list "<a href="/wiki/Nettime" title="Nettime">nettime</a>", as well as a number of other projects. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geert_Lovink&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lovink, Geert. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1544">Dynamics of Critical Internet Culture (1994-2001)</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></i>, PhD thesis, English Department, The University of Melbourne, 2002.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. <i>Dark Fiber: Tracking Critical Internet Culture</i>, Cambridge Mass.: MIT Press, 2002. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-262-12249-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-262-12249-9">0-262-12249-9</a></li> <li>Lovink, Geert. <i>Uncanny Networks</i>, Cambridge Mass.: MIT Press, 2002.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. <i>My First Recession</i>, Rotterdam: NAi/V2_Publishing, 2003.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. <i>The Principle of Notworking</i>, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2005.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. "New Media, Art and Science: Explorations Beyond the Official Discourse", in Scott McQuire and Nikos Papastergiadis (eds), <i>Empires, Ruins + Networks: The Transcultural Agenda in Art</i>, Melbourne: University of Melbourne Press, 2005.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. <i>Tactical Media, the Second Decade</i>, Brazilian Submidialogia, 2005.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert and Rossiter, Ned. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journal.fibreculture.org/issue5/lovink_rossiter.html">Dawn of the organized networks</a>", <i>Fibreculture Journal</i> 5 2005.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. <i>Zero Comments: Blogging and Critical Internet Culture</i>, London and New York: Routledge, 2007.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. <i>Networks Without a Cause: A Critique of Social Media</i>, Cambridge and Malden: Polity, 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780745649689" title="Special:BookSources/9780745649689">9780745649689</a>.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert and Rasch, Miriam (eds), Unlike Us Reader: Social Media Monopolies and Their Alternatives, Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-818575-2-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-818575-2-9">978-90-818575-2-9</a>, paperback, 384 pages.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert. Social Media Abyss, Critical Internet Cultures and the Force of Negation, Cambridge and Malden: Polity, 2016. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978150950776-4" title="Special:BookSources/978150950776-4">978150950776-4</a>.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert, Tkacz, Nathaniel, and de Vries, Patricia (eds), MoneyLab Reader: An Intervention in Digital Economy, Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-822345-5-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-822345-5-8">978-90-822345-5-8</a>.</li> <li>Gloerich, Inte, Lovink, Geert, de Vries, Patricia, MoneyLab Reader 2, Overcoming the Hype, Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2017.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert, Rossiter, Ned, <i>Organization after Social Media,</i> Brooklyn: Minor Compositions, <i>http://www.minorcompositions.info/?p=857.</i></li> <li>Lovink, Geert, Sad by Design, Eurozone, January 2019, https://www.eurozine.com/sad-by-design/.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert, <i>Sad by Design, On Platform Nihilism</i>, London: Pluto Press, 2019.</li> <li>Gerritzen, Mieke, Lovink, Geert, Made in China, Designed in California, Criticized in Europe, Amsterdam: The Image Society, 2019, https://networkcultures.org/blog/publication/amsterdam-design-manifesto/.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert, <i>Stuck on the Platform, Reclaiming the Internet</i>, Amsterdam: Valiz, 2022.</li> <li>Lovink, Geert, Extinction Internet, UvA inaugural speech, November 2022, https://networkcultures.org/blog/publication/extinction-internet/.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geert_Lovink&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://networkcultures.org/wpmu/portal/about/the-institute/">the original</a> on 2010-05-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=networkcultures.org&rft.atitle=Institute+of+Network+Cultures+-+The+Institute+of+Network+Cultures+presents%3A+MoneyLab%3A+Coining+Alternatives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnetworkcultures.org%2Fwpmu%2Fportal%2Fabout%2Fthe-institute%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.egs.edu/faculty/geert-lovink/biography/">Geert Lovink</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100622231930/http://www.egs.edu/faculty/geert-lovink/biography/">Archived</a> 2010-06-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Faculty Profile at <a href="/wiki/European_Graduate_School" title="European Graduate School">European Graduate School</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geert+lovink+%3A+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flaudanum.net%2Fgeert%2Fbiography.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediamatic.net/">"Mediamatic.net"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mediamatic.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediamatic.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509081631/http://www.pressnow.org/">"Home"</a>. <i>pressnow.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pressnow.org/">the original</a> on 2008-05-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pressnow.org&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pressnow.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dds.nl">"DDS Home"</a>. <i>dds.nl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dds.nl&rft.atitle=DDS+Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dds.nl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waag.org">"Waag Society"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Waag+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.waag.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iminet.ac.jp">"IMI/グローバル映像大学"</a>. <i>iminet.ac.jp</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iminet.ac.jp&rft.atitle=IMI%2F%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%83%AB%E6%98%A0%E5%83%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iminet.ac.jp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fibreculture.org">"Fibreculture"</a>. <i>fibreculture.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fibreculture.org&rft.atitle=Fibreculture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibreculture.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://darkmarkets.t0.or.at/">"DARK MARKETS - INFOPOLITICS, ELECTRONIC MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY IN TIMES OF CRISIS"</a>. <i>t0.or.at</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=t0.or.at&rft.atitle=DARK+MARKETS+-+INFOPOLITICS%2C+ELECTRONIC+MEDIA+AND+DEMOCRACY+IN+TIMES+OF+CRISIS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdarkmarkets.t0.or.at%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070205165624/http://www.sarai.net/events/crisis_media/crisis_media.htm">"SARAI : Events:: Crisis Media"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sarai.net/events/crisis_media/crisis_media.htm">the original</a> on 2007-02-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SARAI+%3A+Events%3A%3A+Crisis+Media&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sarai.net%2Fevents%2Fcrisis_media%2Fcrisis_media.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freecooperation.org">"The Blog Of Free Cooperation"</a>. <i>freecooperation.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=freecooperation.org&rft.atitle=The+Blog+Of+Free+Cooperation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freecooperation.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeert+Lovink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://networkcultures.org/wpmu/geert/2010/05/27/join-the-facebook-exodus-on-may-31/">Join the Facebook Exodus on May 31!</a>, blogpost, 27 May 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meikle, Grahama (2004) "Networks of Influence: Internet Activism in Australia and Beyond" in Gerard Goggin (ed.) <i>Virtual Nation: the Internet in Australia</i>, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney pp 73-87</span> </li> </ol></div> 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/5173364">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrGtptyr7Cw9QH6mxH6Kd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/136287158">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr98017510">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14562271c">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14562271c">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0029464&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1535891">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p086107690">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Lovink, Geert"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000188133&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810591671105606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007457678005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/136287158">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/085912069">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elmcip.net/node/14442">ELMCIP</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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