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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8986446">.mw-parser-output .noexcerpt{padding-top:10px}</style> <div> <dl> <dd> <i>Artikulu hau kontzeptu filosofikoari buruzkoa da; beste esanahietarako, ikus «<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte_(argipena)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Arte (argipena)">Arte (argipena)</a>».</i> </dd> </dl> </div> <p><b>Artea</b> edo <b>ertia</b> errealitatea edo irudimena nolabait adierazteko giza ekintza da. Horretarako, askotariko tresnak erabili ohi dira, hala nola <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Materia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Materia">materia</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irudi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irudi">irudia</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soinu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Soinu">soinua</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gorputz-adierazpen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gorputz-adierazpen (sortu gabe)">gorputz-adierazpena</a> eta abar, hartzailearen <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irudimen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irudimen">irudimena</a> edota <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emozio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emozio">emozioa</a> suspertzeko helburuarekin.</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Vincent_Willem_van_Gogh_-_Cafe_Terrace_at_Night_(Yorck).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vincent_Willem_van_Gogh_-_Cafe_Terrace_at_Night_%28Yorck%29.jpg/275px-Vincent_Willem_van_Gogh_-_Cafe_Terrace_at_Night_%28Yorck%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vincent_Willem_van_Gogh_-_Cafe_Terrace_at_Night_%2528Yorck%2529.jpg/413px-Vincent_Willem_van_Gogh_-_Cafe_Terrace_at_Night_%2528Yorck%2529.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vincent_Willem_van_Gogh_-_Cafe_Terrace_at_Night_%2528Yorck%2529.jpg/550px-Vincent_Willem_van_Gogh_-_Cafe_Terrace_at_Night_%2528Yorck%2529.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2348" data-file-height="2945"></a> <figcaption> <i>Gaueko kafetegia</i>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent Van Goghek</a> 1888an margotua </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="eu" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Eduki-taula</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Etimologia:_artea_/_artisautza_bereizketa"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Etimologia: <i>artea / artisautza</i> bereizketa</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Artearen_teoriaren_historia"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Artearen teoriaren historia</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Antzinako_Grezia,_Erroma_eta_Erdi_Aroa"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Antzinako Grezia, Erroma eta Erdi Aroa</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Berpizkundea"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Berpizkundea</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#XVII_eta_XVIII._mendeak"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">XVII eta XVIII. mendeak</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#XIX._mendea"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">XIX. mendea</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#XX._mendea"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">XX. mendea</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Arte-diziplinen_sailkapena"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Arte-diziplinen sailkapena</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Arte_Nagusiak"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Arte Nagusiak</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bigarren_Mailako_Arteak"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Bigarren Mailako Arteak</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#XX._Mendeko_Arteak"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">XX. Mendeko Arteak</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Arte_kritika"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Arte kritika</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Arte_teknikak"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Arte teknikak</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Irudiak_adimen_artifizialaren_bidez_sortzea"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Irudiak adimen artifizialaren bidez sortzea</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ikus,_gainera"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Ikus, gainera</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Erreferentziak"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Erreferentziak</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliografia"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliografia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ikus,_gainera_2"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Ikus, gainera</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Kanpo_estekak"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Kanpo estekak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Etimologia:_artea_/_artisautza_bereizketa"><span id="Etimologia:_artea_.2F_artisautza_bereizketa"></span>Etimologia: <i>artea / artisautza</i> bereizketa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Etimologia: artea / artisautza bereizketa»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p><i>Arte</i> izena <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latin">latinezko</a> <i><span lang="la">ars-artem</span></i> hitzetik dator. Hastapenetan <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teknologia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teknologia">teknikari</a> erabat lotuta zegoen, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Greziera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Greziera">grezieraz</a> <i>tekne</i> (τεχνη) esaten baitzitzaion. Horrela, artea eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eskulangintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eskulangintza">artisautza</a> sinonimotzat erabiltzen ziren oro har.</p> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pizkundea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pizkundea">Pizkundean</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XV._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XV. mendea">XV. mendearen</a> bukaeran, artearen eta artisautzaren arteko bereizketa ezarri zen: artisauak obra errepikagarriak ekoizten ditu, eta artistak, aldiz, obra bakarrak.</p> <p><i>Erti</i> hitzari dagokiola, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sabin_Arana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sabin Arana">Sabin Aranak</a> sortutako <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hizperri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hizperri">hizperria</a> da, <i>eder</i> eta <i>-di</i> elkartuta.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Erti</i>, sarri, erti-mota batzuen izenen bigarren osagai erabili da (esate baterako, <i>ele</i> + <i>erti</i> = <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elerti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Elerti">elerti</a>; berebat, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antzerti_(erakundea)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antzerti (erakundea)">antzerti</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Olerkigintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Olerkigintza">olerti</a>...).</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Artearen_teoriaren_historia">Artearen teoriaren historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Artearen teoriaren historia»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Arte kontzeptuak hainbat jarduera hartzen ditu, eta jarduera horiek nolabait bereizteko, hainbat multzo egin ohi dira: arte operatiboak, arte sortzaileak, arte ederrak... Dena dela, zaila da oso artetzat hartzen diren jarduerak zehatz sailkatzea. Historian, hainbat filosofo eta artista aritu izan da horretan, baina ez da artea bera zer den definitzerik lortu, eta are gutxiago, arteen sailkapenik egiterik. Hala, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIX._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIX. mendea">XIX. mendea</a> arte, aurkikuntza eta mugimendu handien mendea arte, ez zen eman egun arte kontzeptuaz ulertzen denaren definizioa, nahiz eta ordurako emanak ziren artearen hainbat teoria.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Antzinako_Grezia,_Erroma_eta_Erdi_Aroa"><span id="Antzinako_Grezia.2C_Erroma_eta_Erdi_Aroa"></span>Antzinako Grezia, Erroma eta Erdi Aroa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Antzinako Grezia, Erroma eta Erdi Aroa»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg/220px-Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1093"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 233px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg/220px-Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="233" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg/330px-Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg/440px-Angelo_monticelli_shield-of-achilles.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Akilesen ezkutuaren irudikapena, Angelo Monticelli, 1820. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Kristo aurreko garaietan, eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Itun_Zaharra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Itun Zaharra">Itun Zaharrari</a> jarraituz, ez zen arteaz azalpen teorikorik eman, baina greziarren garaian esan daiteke eman zela artearen lehenengo teoria, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hesiodo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hesiodo">Hesiodoren</a> <i>Teogonia</i> lanean (K.a. VIII-VII m.). Hesiodoren teorian, <i>musek</i> dakarten egia inspiratzailea aipatzen da; poesia, dantza eta musika, beraz, egiaren eta pozaren iturri lirateke, gaitzak ahaztu eta grinak aldentzeko bidea. <i><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iliada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iliada">Iliada</a></i>ren hemezortzigarren liburuko (K.a. IX. mende inguruan) <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akiles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akiles">Akilesen</a> ezkutuaren deskribapenean azaltzen da arte plastikoen lehen teoriatzat har daitekeena; metamorfosia eta mimesia aipatzen ziren hartan, eta haiek izan ziren ondorengo mendeetan ere Greziako artistek kontuan hartutako oinarriak. Haietatik abiatuta sortu zen artearen ikuspegi fantastikoa, irudimenezkoa.</p> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jenofan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jenofan (sortu gabe)">Jenofanek</a> irudimenezko jarduera gisa definitu zituen poesia, pintura eta eskultura.</p> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Platon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Platon">Platonek</a> ere imitazioa lotu zion arteari. Haren ustez, imitazio dira artelanak, eta imitazioa da artelanak sortzeko jarduera ere, artelanek imitatzen duten munduaren egilearen jarduna imitatzen baitute artistek. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aristoteles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aristoteles">Aristotelesentzat</a>, artea ez da errealitatearen isla, izan litekeenarena baizik, errealitateaz haraindiko zerbaitena, arimarena. Ikuspegi horretatik definitu zituen pintura, musika, eta poesia.</p> <p>Erromako tradizioan, apainketarako jarduera zen artea, baina kristautasunean eta Erdi Aroan gainditu egin zen ikuspegi hori, eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plotino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plotino">Plotinoren</a> teoria nagusitu zen, artea edertasunez azaltzen den arimaren imitazio gisa hartzen duena alegia. Erdi Aroan, artista batek artelana eskuz (pintura, eskultura, buztingintza eta arkitektura ere bai hein batean) egiteko, artelan hori agintzen zionak arte liberalak (zientziak) kontuan hartzen zituela aldarrikatu zuten.</p> <p>Aro haren amaiera aldera, ordea, kontzeptu berriak agertu ziren, ordura artekoekin bat ez zetozenak. Arte figuratiboak azaldu ziren, arte liberalen maila hartu zutenak. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alegoria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alegoria">Alegoria</a> baztertu egin zuten, eta sinbolismoa hartu zuten oinarritzat, artelanaren esanahia lanean bertan dela eta hori besterik esan nahi ez duela aldarrikatzen duena alegia.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Berpizkundea">Berpizkundea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Berpizkundea»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Michelangelo,_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg/300px-Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1303" data-file-height="670"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 154px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg/300px-Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="154" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg/450px-Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg/600px-Michelangelo%2C_Creation_of_Adam_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Adamen sorrera</i> (1508-1512), <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michelangelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapera_Sixtinoa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapera Sixtinoa">Kapera Sixtinoa</a> (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vatikano_Hiria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vatikano Hiria">Vatikanoa</a>). </figcaption> </figure> <p>Antzeko ikuspegia nagusitu zen <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pizkundea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pizkundea">Errenazimentuan</a> ere. Garai hartako artea bi euskarritan bermatu zen: platoniko-intelektualistan batetik, eta aristoteliko-sentsualistan bestetik. Lehenengoaren arabera, artelanaren esanahia artelanak berak sinbolikoki adierazten duena da, eta bestearen arabera, aldiz, errealitatea esperientziaren bidez ezagutzen du artelanak, errealitatearen imitazioa baita. Azken teoria hori <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Padua?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Padua">Paduako</a> pinturan islatu zen bereziki, eta Platonena <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quattrocento?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quattrocento">Quattrocentoko</a> Florentziako pinturan.</p> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cinquecento?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cinquecento">Cinquecentoan</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> izan zen artea munduaren imitazioz eta behaketaz lortzen den ezagutzarako bide moduan ulertzen duen teoriaren ordezkari nagusia. Teoria hori indarrez agertzeaz gainera, eztabaida handiak izan ziren arteen loturari buruzkoak, arteen sailkapenari buruzkoak, artearen teoriari buruzkoak, etab. Kontuan hartu ziren Aristotelesen teoria, eta bereziki Platonen araberako ideiaren imitazioaren teoria.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="XVII_eta_XVIII._mendeak">XVII eta XVIII. mendeak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «XVII eta XVIII. mendeak»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XVII._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XVII. mendea">XVII. mendean</a>, artea ideiaren ezagupentzat hartzen duen ikuspegia nagusitu zen, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Baltasar_Graci%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Baltasar Graciá (sortu gabe)">Baltasar Graciánek</a> bere lanetan azaldu zuena. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel_Tesauro&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Emmanuel Tesauro (sortu gabe)">Emmanuel Tesauroren</a> ikuspegia, metafora oro irudia dela eta, alderantziz, irudia metafora dela esaten zuena ere aintzat hartu zen. Bi teoria horiek eta urte batzuk lehenago <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Peregrini&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Peregrini (sortu gabe)">Peregrinik</a> emandako teoriek bazuten zerikusirik, artea ez baitzuten hartzen errealitatearen imitaziotzat, errealitate berritzat baizik. Horixe izan zen literatura eta pintura barrokoaren oinarria.</p> <p>Klasizismoan ere teoria platonikoaren alderdi hori agertu zen. Bi mugimendu horiek izan ziren arte-gertakarien gertaleku XVIII. mendearen erdialdera arte.</p> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XVIII._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XVIII. mendea">XVIII. mendea</a> kulturaren sistematizatze handien garaia izan zen; <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denis_Diderot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denis Diderot">Dideroten</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_le_Rond_d%27Alembert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean le Rond d'Alembert">D´Alemberten</a> <i>Encyclopedie</i> dago haien artean. Lan eskerga horren lehenengo argitalpenean, gizakiak bere beharrak asebetetzeko, atseginerako, erosotasunerako, etab. egiten duen ekoizpen-jarduera gisa definitu zuten artea. Definizio horretaz gainera, Marmontelek emandako arte liberalen eta arte ederren (elokuentzia, poesia, musika, pintura, eskultura, arkitektura, eta grabatua, marrazkia den aldetik) bereizketa agertu zen. Bigarren argitalpenean, arte ederrak arte mekanikoak asmaturiko objektuak edertzearen arte gisa, erabilgarri dena edertzearen arte gisa, definitu ziren.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="XIX._mendea">XIX. mendea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «XIX. mendea»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIX._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIX. mendea">XIX. mendearen</a> hasieran ezagutza-jarduera moduan ikusi zuten artea erromantizismoaren jarraitzaileek, ezagupenerako bide gisa eta ez ekoizpen soilerako jarduera gisa. Artea ezagupenaren jarduera gorena da, eta hedaduraz, magia. Artea magia gisa, hori da <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Novalis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Novalis">Novalisek</a> aldarrikatu zuena. Schellingek, bere aldetik, filosofiaren goi-mailako organotzat eman zuen artea, nahiz eta, gero, artea eta filosofia parekatu zituen. Parekotasun hori, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegelek</a> baztertu eta filosofia baino beherago eraman zuen. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arthur_Rimbaud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arthur Rimbaud">Rimbaudek</a> eta Frantziako <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sinbolismo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sinbolismo">sinbolismoaren</a> beste hainbat olerkarik magia gisa ikusi zuten artea, arrazoiaren mende ez zegoen eta alde horretatik jarduera askatzailea zen zerbait bezala. Mende hartan bertan, naturalistena izan zen artea ezagupen gisa aldarrikatu zuen mugimendua. Bigarren erdialdean, artea edertasunaren sortzaile eta edertasunerako hezitzaile gisa aldarrikatu zuen Ingalaterrako estetizismoak, gizakiaren teknologiarekiko mendekotasunaren eta ekonomia liberalaren askabide gisa. Ingalaterran sortua, hedatu egin zen ikuspegi hori, eta hainbat artista izan zituen jarraitzaile, batzuk pedagogiaren aldetik, politikaren bidetik besteak etab. abiatu zirelarik horren barruan.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="XX._mendea">XX. mendea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «XX. mendea»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png/260px-AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="170" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="696"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 260px;height: 170px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png/260px-AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png" data-width="260" data-height="170" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png/390px-AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png/520px-AdornoHorkheimerHabermasbyJeremyJShapiro2.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Theodor_Wiesengrund_Adorno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno">Theodor Adorno</a> (eskuinean), 1964an. </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XX._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XX. mendea">XX. mendearen</a> lehen aldian, artea ezagupenerako bidetzat hartu baina ez zuten ezagupen logikoarekin eta intelektualarekin konparatu, aparteko zerbait bezala ulertu zen. Teoria horrek Bergsonen filosofia du oinarri, eta eragin handia izan zuen XX. mendearen lehen erdialdean Frantzian izandako arte- eta literatura-mugimenduan. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bigarren_Mundu_Gerra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bigarren Mundu Gerra">Bigarren Mundu Gerra</a> inguruan, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sigmund_Freud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carl_Gustav_Jung?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carl Gustav Jung">Jungen</a> inkontzienteari buruzko teoria psikologikoak landu ziren artearen teoriari buruzko eztabaidetan. Aurretik, ordea, ezagupenerako bidea aldarrikatzen zuen mugimenduak soziologiaren ildora hedatu ziren, marxismoaren ikuspegitik errealitate soziala ezagutzeko bide gisaikusten zelarik artea. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brechtentzat</a>, gizartea aldatzeko ekintzen hastapena zen artea. Adornok ere soziologiaren inguruko teoria aldarrikatu zuen. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Adorno&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Adorno (sortu gabe)">Adornoren</a> teoria izan da azken hogei urteotan Europako kulturan nagusitu direnen arteko bat eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a> izan du jarraitzale sutsuenetakoa. Bi Mundu Gerren artean, bestalde, arteen sailkapena eman zuen Alain filosofoak: arts de sociéte batetik (dantza, zeremoniakoa, jaiak, musika, poesia eta elokuentzia), eta arts solitaires (marrazkigintza, eskultura, buztingintza, zurgintza, eta arkitektura pribatua), arkitektura publikoa bi atal horien arteko zerbait delarik eta prosa eta liburugintzaren arte grafikoa bigarren multzoan dagoelarik. Horretaz gainera, beste sailkapen batzuk ere egin zituen Alainek, arte estatikoen eta higiduraren arteena esaterako. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Dewey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Dewey">John Deweyk</a>-entzat, aurrekoentzat ez bezala, artea egiteko era bat da, egiteko jarduera eta objektua hartzen dituena eta artelana gauzatzen gizakia laguntzaile duena moduan definitu zuen, ez egite bat bezala. Duela urte gutxi arteen aniztasuna funtzio anitzen sinbolizatzaile gisa azaltzen duen teoria eman zuen Langerrek. Teoria horrek ez du onartzen arteak ezagutzajarduerarekin zerikusirik ez duenik, eta haren garrantzi kulturala ezezten du. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Positibismo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Positibismo">Positibismo</a> logikoak eta estrukturalismoak, semiologiak, eta abarrek, artea zeinu-sistema moduan ikusten duten teoriek, garrantzi handia hartu dute azken urteotan. Dena dela, artearen teorian dihardutenen lanik garrantzitsuenetakoa artearen funtzio eta norabideari buruzko gogoeta egitea da, teknika hain aurreratua izanik, gizakia antzina bere askapenerako bide uste zuen teknikaren mende geratzearen arriskua gainean baita.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Arte-diziplinen_sailkapena">Arte-diziplinen sailkapena</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Arte-diziplinen sailkapena»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Nandini_Ghosal.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Nandini_Ghosal.jpg/220px-Nandini_Ghosal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="636" data-file-height="948"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 328px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Nandini_Ghosal.jpg/220px-Nandini_Ghosal.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="328" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Nandini_Ghosal.jpg/330px-Nandini_Ghosal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Nandini_Ghosal.jpg/440px-Nandini_Ghosal.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dantza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dantza">Dantza</a> Arte Nagusi bat da. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Arte_Nagusiak">Arte Nagusiak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Arte Nagusiak»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Arte nagusiak <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ikusmen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ikusmen">ikusmena</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entzumen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entzumen">entzumenaren</a> bitartez hautematen direnak kontsideratu dira. Tradizioz, sei arte-diziplina nagusi bereizi dira:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arkitektura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arkitektura">Arkitektura</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dantza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dantza">Dantza</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deklamazioa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Deklamazioa">Deklamazioa</a> (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literatura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literatura">Literatura</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antzerki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antzerki">Antzerkia</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eskulturagintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eskulturagintza">Eskultura</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Margolaritza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Margolaritza">Margolaritza</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musika">Musika</a></li> </ul> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eskulturagintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eskulturagintza">Eskultura</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Margolaritza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Margolaritza">Margolaritza</a> diziplinek <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte_plastikoak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arte plastikoak">Arte plastikoak</a> osatzen dituzte.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bigarren_Mailako_Arteak">Bigarren Mailako Arteak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bigarren Mailako Arteak»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Arte-objektuarekin harreman fisikoa izatea eskatzen dutenak dira:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gastronomia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gastronomia">Gastronomia</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lurringintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lurringintza">Lurringintza</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="XX._Mendeko_Arteak">XX. Mendeko Arteak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «XX. Mendeko Arteak»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argazkigintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argazkigintza">Argazkigintza</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bideo-artea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bideo-artea">Bideo-artea</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komiki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Komiki">Komikigintza</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zinema?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zinema">Zinema</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Arte_kritika">Arte kritika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Arte kritika»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg/250px-Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="312" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1248"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 312px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg/250px-Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="312" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg/375px-Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg/500px-Denis_Diderot_by_Louis-Michel_van_Loo.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denis_Diderot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denis Diderot">Denis Diderot</a>, arte-kritikaren sortzailea. </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte_kritika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arte kritika">Arte kritika</a> literatura eta mundu akademikoaren arteko generoa da. Artelanen, artisten edo erakusketen balorazioa egiten du, printzipioz modu pertsonalean eta subjektiboan, baina artearen historian eta bere diziplina anitzetan oinarrituta, artea bere arabera baloratuz, testuingurua edo bilakaera kontutan hartuta. Aldi berean, ebaluatzailea, informatiboa eta konparatiboa da, modu zehatz eta entretenigarrian idatzia, azterketa akademikoa dela esan gabe baina datu enpirikoak eta egiaztagarriak eskainiz.</p> <p><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denis_Diderot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denis Diderot">Denis Diderot</a> arte modernoaren lehen kritikaritzat jotzen da: 1725az geroztik <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louvre_museoa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louvre museoa">Louvre museoaren</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Salon_Carr%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Salon Carré (sortu gabe)">Salon Carrén</a> egindako erakusketen gaineko iruzkinak idatzi zituen. Jendeari irekitako saloi horiek joera artistikoen hedapen zentro gisa jarduten zuten. Diderotek erakusketa horien inguruko inpresioak 1759an idatzi zituen gutun batean; testu hori <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric-Melchior_Grimm&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Frédéric-Melchior Grimm (sortu gabe)">Frédéric-Melchior Grimmen</a> <i>Correspondance littéraire</i> liburuan argitaratu zen eta, geroztik, 1781 arte, generoaren abiapuntua izan zen.</p> <p>Artearen kritikarien esparruan arte-historialariak eta idazleak izan dira. Batzutan azterketa metodologikoan oinarrituta, bestetan norberaren subjektibitatean, laister kritika gustuak moldatzeko benetako tresna zela deskubritu zuten zaleek. Izen handi batzuk aipatuko ditugu: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Baudelaire">Charles Baudelaire</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Ruskin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oscar_Wilde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joris-Karl_Huysmans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joris-Karl Huysmans">Joris-Karl Huysmans</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guillaume Apollinaire">Guillaume Apollinaire</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Worringer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Wilhelm Worringer (sortu gabe)">Wilhelm Worringer</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clement_Greenberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clement Greenberg">Clement Greenberg</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Michel_Tapi%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Michel Tapié (sortu gabe)">Michel Tapié</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eugeni_d%27Ors?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eugeni d'Ors">Eugeni d'Ors</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Juan_Eduardo_Cirlot&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Juan Eduardo Cirlot (sortu gabe)">Juan Eduardo Cirlot</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Juan_Antonio_Gaya_Nu%C3%B1o&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño (sortu gabe)">Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Irma_Arestiz%C3%A1bal&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Irma Arestizábal (sortu gabe)">Irma Arestizábal</a>... <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Arte_teknikak">Arte teknikak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Arte teknikak»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg/200px-Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="246" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="591"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 246px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg/200px-Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="246" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg/300px-Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg/400px-Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kontrapuntu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kontrapuntu">kontrapuntuaren</a> maisu nagusi gisa hartua. </figcaption> </figure> <dl> <dt> <b><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musika">Musika</a></b> </dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harmonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a>: akordeak (soinu-multzoak) eratzen irakasten duen zientzia da, eta horiek, modurik orekatuenean, konbinatzeko modua iradokitzen du, horrela erlaxazio-sentsazioak (harmonia kontsonantea) edo tentsio-sentsazioak (harmonia disonantea) lortuz. Funtsean, bertikala den konposizio-estilo bat ezartzen du batera jotzen diren noten artean.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kontrapuntua?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontrapuntua">Kontrapuntua</a>: musika <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polifonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polifonia">polifonika</a> konposatzeko erabiltzen den teknika da , aldi berean entzuten diren bi melodia independente edo gehiago (baita ahotsak edo lerroak ere) lotuz. Harmonia baino konplexuagoa da, eta enfasi handiagoa ematen dio konposizioaren garapen horizontalari, zeina noten arteko erlazio interbalikoen bidez ezartzen baita.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Homofonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Homofonia">Homofonia</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monodia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monodia">Monodia</a>: harmoniaren ikuspuntutik aldi berean, bi zati musikal edo gehiago mugitzen diren testura musikala da, eta bere arteko erlazioak akordeak eratzen ditu. Polifoniari kontrajartzen zaio, horretan parteek independentzia erritmikoa eta melodikoa dutelako eta horien artean nagusitasunik ez dagoelako.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polifonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polifonia">Polifonia</a>: aldibereko soinuen multzo gisa ezagutzen da, non bakoitzak bere ideia musikala adierazten duen bere independentzia mantenduz eta horrela besteekin osotasun harmoniko bat osatuz.</li> <li>Musika-apaingarriak: konposizioetan erabil daitezkeen baliabideak dira adierazpen, apaindura, barietate, grazia edo bizitasuna inprimatzeko. Hor sartzen dira, besteak beste, txioak, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mordente?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mordente">mordenteak</a>, apaindurak...</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> <b><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marrazki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marrazki">Marrazketa</a></b> </dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ikatz-ziri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ikatz-ziri">Ikatz-ziria</a>: marrazteko materialik zaharrenetakoa da, historiaurretik erabilia. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Labean_erre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labean erre">Labean erretako</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sahats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sahats">sahats</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Adar">adarrekin</a> egiten da, lapiko itxi batean, eta, gau osoan, tenperatura baxuan <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Egosketa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Egosketa">egosten</a> uzten da. Ondoren, punta atera eta kanabera edo makilatxo batean sartzen da. Ezin hobea da zirriborroetarako eta ikasketa-prestakuntzerako, hauskorra eta erraz ezabatzen baita.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arkatz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arkatz">Arkatza</a>: zurezko edo metalezko hodi batean txertatutako <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grafito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grafito">grafitoa</a> da, kolore beltzekoa, zorrotza eta ezabatzeko erraza, marrazteko ezin hobea. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italia">Italiatik</a> zabaldu zen <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XV._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XV. mendea">XV. mendean</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pintzel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pintzel">Pintzela</a>: marrazketarako eta pinturarako egokia; hainbat animaliaren zurezko eta ilezko euskarri batez osatua dago, ahal dela <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Txerri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Txerri">txerriarena</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Martes_zibellina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Martes zibellina">marta zibelinarena</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katagorri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Katagorri">urtxintxarena</a>, etab. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tinta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tinta">Tintarekin</a> (erretako <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intxaur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intxaur">intxaur</a> oskoletatik datorren ikatz beltzarekin egindako likidoa), <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ur">urarekin</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arabiako_goma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arabiako goma">arabiako gomarekin</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gelatina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gelatina">gelatinekin</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kanfor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kanfor">kanforra</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musketa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musketa">musketa</a> izeneko usaintzaileekin erabiltzen da. Ezin hobea da bolumenak eta distirak eta argi-eremuak nabarmentzeko.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luma">Luma</a>: marrazketarako, idazketarako eta edozein adierazpen grafikorako baliabiderik antzinakoenetako eta idealenetako bat luma da, bai punta ateratzen zaien kanaberazko makilatxoak, bai animalien lumak dituena, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antzara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antzara">antzara</a> batez ere. Tinta, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paper?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paper">paperaren</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pergamino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pergamino">pergaminoaren</a> gainean aplikatzen da.</li> <li>Metalezko puntak (<i>stilum</i>): metalezko punta (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berun">beruna</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eztainu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eztainu">eztainua</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zilar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zilar">zilarra</a>) erromatarren garaitik erabiltzen da, paper, pergamino edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zur">zuraren</a> gainean aplikatuta.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sangina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sangina">Sangina</a>: arkatz gorrixka mota bat da, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buztin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buztin">buztin</a> ferruginosotik lortua, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pizkundea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pizkundea">Errenazimentuko</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italia">Italian</a> modan zegoen marrazki gorrixka berezi bat egiten duena.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Klarion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Klarion">Klariona</a>: kaltzio sulfato bihidratatua da, Errenazimentutik marrazketa-materialerako edo tenpleko pinturarako pigmentu gisa erabiltzen dena. Barratxoetan landua, klariona zuria (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaltzita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaltzita">kaltzita</a>), grisa (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adreilu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adreilu">adreiluzko</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buztin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buztin">buztin</a> gordina) eta beltza (fosil ikatza) daude, eta, aro modernoan, konposatu artifizialetako koloretako klarionak<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga200412-30_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga200412-30-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Pittura-Painting4.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Pittura-Painting4.JPG/300px-Pittura-Painting4.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="553"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 195px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Pittura-Painting4.JPG/300px-Pittura-Painting4.JPG" data-width="300" data-height="195" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Pittura-Painting4.JPG/450px-Pittura-Painting4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Pittura-Painting4.JPG/600px-Pittura-Painting4.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Pintura-paleta, pintzelak eta pintura-hodiak (olioak). </figcaption> </figure> <dl> <dt> <b><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Margolaritza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Margolaritza">Margolaritza</a></b> </dt> </dl> <p>Pinturak, bi dimentsioko elementu gisa, euskarri bat behar du (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Horma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Horma">horma</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zur">egurra</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maindire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maindire">mihisea</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kristal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kristal">kristala</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metal">metala</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paper?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paper">papera</a>, etab.); euskarri horren gainean, pigmentua jartzen da (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Koloragarri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Koloragarri">koloragarria</a> + <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aglutinatzaile_(pintura)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aglutinatzaile (pintura)">aglutinatzailea</a>). Aglutinatzailea da prozedura piktoriko desberdinak sailkatzen dituena:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akriliko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Akriliko">Akrilikoa</a>: teknika piktorikoa, non koloragarriari aglutinatzaile plastiko bat gehitzen zaion.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akuarela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akuarela">Akuarela</a>: uretan diluitutako pigmentu gardenekin egindako teknika, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arabiako_goma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arabiako goma">arabiako goma</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ezti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ezti">eztizko</a> aglutinatzaileekin, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zuri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zuri">zurirako</a> papera bera erabiliz. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antzinako_Egipto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antzinako Egipto">Antzinako Egiptotik</a> ezagutzen den teknika garai guztietan erabili izan da, baina, indar handiagoz, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XVIII._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XVIII. mendea">XVIII</a>. eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIX._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIX. mendea">XIX. mendeetan</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urkolore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urkolore">Urkolorea</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gouache?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gouache">gouache</a>: akuarelaren antzeko teknika da, kolore lodiagoekin eta eztiarekin nahastutako uretan edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lekeda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lekeda">itsagarritan</a> diluituta. Akuarelak ez bezala, kolore zuria du.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enkaustika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enkaustika">Enkaustika</a>: koloreak <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argizari?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argizari">argizari</a> urtuan, itsasgarritan eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lixiba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lixiba">lixiban</a> diluitzen diren teknika da, beroan pintatua. Pintura trinko eta krematsua da, argia eta ura jasan dezakeena. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pigmentu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pigmentu">Pigmentua</a> aplikatu ondoren, leundu egin behar da lihozko trapuekin.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fresko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fresko">Freskoa</a>: freskoa kare hezez entokatutako horma baten gainean egiten den pintura da, kare-uretan diluitutako koloreekin. Freskoa oso azkar egin behar da, kareak azkar xurgatzen baitu kolorea, eta, behar izanez gero, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenpera_pintura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenpera pintura">tenperatu</a> ondoren ukitu behar da. Antzinatik ezaguna, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erdi_Aroa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erdi Aroa">Erdi Aroan</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pizkundea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pizkundea">Berpizkundean</a>, sarritan praktikatzen zen.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laka">Laka</a>: koloratzailea laka batekin biltzen da –<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Landare-zorri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Landare-zorri">landare-zorri</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Japonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Japonia">japoniar</a> batzuen produktua–, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alkohol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alkohol">alkoholarekin</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zetona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zetona">zetonarekin</a> disolbatuta.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miniatura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miniatura">Miniatura</a>: eskuizkribuak <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urre">urre</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zilar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zilar">zilarrezko</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xafla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Xafla">xaflekin</a> eta koloretako pigmentuekin apaintzea da, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lekeda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lekeda">lekeda</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arrautza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arrautza">arrautza</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arabiako_goma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arabiako goma">arabiako gomarekin</a>. Hitza, eskuizkribuaren inizialen errotulazioan, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berun_tetraoxido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berun tetraoxido">minio</a> gorria erabiltzetik dator.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Olio-pintura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Olio-pintura">Olioa</a>: koloreak, hobeto lehor dadin, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aglutinatzaile_(pintura)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aglutinatzaile (pintura)">aglutinatzaile</a> oliotsu batean <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Disolbatzaile?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Disolbatzaile">disolbatzea</a> (linaza-olioa, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intxaur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intxaur">intxaurra</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arbendol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arbendol">arbendola</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hur">hurra</a> edo animalia-olioak) da, agoarrasa edo trementina-esentzia gehituz.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pastel_(pintura)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pastel (pintura)">Pastela</a>: pastela kolore-mineral askotako pigmentuzko arkatza da, aglutinatzaileekin (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaolinita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaolinita">kaolina</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Igeltsu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Igeltsu">igeltsua</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arabiako_goma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arabiako goma">arabiako goma</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piku">piku</a>-<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latex?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latex">latexa</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arrain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arrain">arrain</a>-buztana, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Azukre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Azukre_motak" title="Azukre">azukre kandy</a>, etab.), <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argizari?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argizari">argizariz</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marseillako_xaboi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marseillako xaboi">Marseillako xaboiarekin</a> oratua eta barratxo eran ebakia. Kolorea zabaldu egin behar da <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Larru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Larru">larru</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paper?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paper">paper</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zilindro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zilindro">zilindro</a> baten bidez, kolore-marrak, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Silueta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silueta">ingeradak</a> eta abar lausotzeko erabiltzen dena, eta horrek itxura leuna eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belus">belusatua</a> ematen dio, erretratuetarako ezin hobea. Hala ere, ez da oso iraunkorra, eta, beraz, finkatzaileren bat behar du (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ur">ura</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lekeda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lekeda">lekeda</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Esne">esnea</a>). <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Frantzia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Frantzia">Frantzian</a> sortu zen <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XVI._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XVI. mendea">XVI. mendean</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenpera_pintura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenpera pintura">Tenpera</a>: ur tenperatuan diluitutako koloreekin egindakoa da, pintura edo itsasgarri-oinarria duten aglutinatzaileekin loditua (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arrautza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arrautza">arrautza</a>-gorringoa, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaseina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaseina">kaseina</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pikondo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pikondo">pikondo</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gereziondo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gereziondo">gereziondo</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aranondo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aranondo">aranondo</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lekeda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lekeda">itsasgarria</a>). <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ohol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ohol">Ohol</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Horma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Horma">horma</a> gainean erabiltzen da, eta, freskoa ez bezala, lehorrean ukitu daiteke<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga200492-132_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga200492-132-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> <b>Teknika mistoak</b> </dt> </dl> <ul> <li> <ul> <li><i><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Collage">Collagea</a></i>: gainazal batean, hainbat material (papera, oihala, txapa, egunkariak, argazkiak, etab.) aplikatzeko teknika da. Zeinu artistikoko konposizio bat osa dezaten, modu askotara landu (apurtuta, moztuta, urratuta) daitezke, bakarka edo beste teknika piktoriko batzuekin nahastuta.</li> <li><i><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Decollage&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Decollage (sortu gabe)">Decollageak</a></i> collagearen kontrako teknika izendatzen du; irudi bat beste irudi batzuen edo horien zatien batuketatik abiatuta eraiki beharrean, irudi hori sortzen da jatorrizko irudiaren zatiak beste edozein modutan moztuz, urratuz edo ezabatuz.</li> <li><i><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dripping&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dripping (sortu gabe)">Dripping</a></i>: <i><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Action_painting?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Action painting">action painting</a></i> delakotik datorren teknika da, pintura mihisearen gainean <i>txirrioan</i>isurtzea (dripping=txirrioan), artistak oihalaren gainean egiten duen mugimenduaren bidez forma eta lodiera desberdinak hartzen dituena.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mihiztatze&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mihiztatze (sortu gabe)">Mihiztatzea</a> (<i>assemblage</i>): eguneroko bizitzatik datozen objektu errealak erabiltzeko teknika da. Objektu horiek euskarri batean itsasten edo mihiztatzen dira, eta, ondoren, beste jarduera piktoriko batzuen edo beste edozein teknika mistoren eraginpean jartzen dira.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Frottage&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Frottage (sortu gabe)">Frottagea</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Max_Ernst?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernstek</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1925?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1925">1925ean</a> asmatutako teknika da, arkatz bat objektu baten gainean jarritako orri batean igurtzitzean datza, objektu horren forma eta testura inprimatzea lortuz. Koloretako arkatzekin ere egin daiteke, edo, lehen zirriborroaren gainean, margotu.</li> <li><i><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Grattage&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Grattage (sortu gabe)">Grattage</a></i>: <i>frottage</i>tik eratorria, irudia esgrafiatu baten moduan landuz eta kolorea aplikazio trinkoetan barreiatuz, ondoren espatularekin edo hainbat testurako sare metalikoekin hazka eginez.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <dl> <dt> <b><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eskulturagintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eskulturagintza">Eskulturagintza</a></b> </dt> </dl> <p>Materialaren arabera, hiru sistematan lan egin daiteke: <i>gehikuntzazkoa</i>, materia moldatuz eta gehituz, oro har, materia bigunetan (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argizari?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argizari">argizaria</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plastilina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plastilina">plastilina</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buztin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buztin">buztina</a>); <i>kentzailea</i>, materia ezabatuz irudia aurkitu arte, oro har, material gogorretan (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harri">harria</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haitzurdin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haitzurdin">marmola</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zur">egurra</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brontze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brontze">brontzea</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burdina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burdina">burdina</a>); eta <i>mistoa</i>, materia gehituz eta kenduz. Galdaketa bidez ere egin daiteke, molde baten bidez. Eskultura egin ondoren, naturalean utzi edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polikromia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polikromia">polikromatu</a> daiteke koloragarri begetal edo mineralekin edo enkaustoan, tenperan edo olioan, urreztatuta edo estofatua (urrearen imitazioa).</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boli?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boli">Bolizko eskultura</a>: hainbat animaliaren letaginetatik datorrena (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elefante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elefante">elefantea</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hipopotamo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hipopotamo">hipopotamoa</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mortsa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mortsa">mortsa</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basurde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basurde">basurde</a> afrikarra), bolia eskulturan eta urregintzan erabiltzen den materiala da. Erraz zizelkatzen da, baina luzera eta kurbadura txikiak ditu. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gubil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gubil">Gubila</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zulagailu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zulagailu">zulagailuekin</a> lantzen da. Urrearekin batera, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kriselefantino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kriselefantino">kriselefantino</a> izeneko teknika sortzen du.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metal">Metalezko eskultura</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kobre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kobre">kobrez</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brontze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brontze">brontzez</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urre">urrez</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zilar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zilar">zilarrez</a> egiten da, zuzenean mailuarekin eta zizelarekin landuta, normalean metalezko xafletan, egurrezko plaken gainean. Metala zurrundu egiten da kolpatuz joaten denean, eta, beraz, berotzen joan behar da lanean jarraitzeko. Halaber, bozelduta landu daiteke, behe-erliebea mailuarekin eta puntzoiarekin praktikatuz. Beste teknika bat <i>argizari galdua</i> da, zeinaren, buztinezko edo igeltsuzko eredu baten gainean, brontzezko edo letoizko aleazio bat aplikatzen den.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harri">Harrizko eskultura</a>: ohikoenetako bat da, kenketa bidez egina. Oro har, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kareharri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kareharri">kareharria</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haitzurdin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haitzurdin">marmola</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basalto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basalto">basaltoa</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Granito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Granito">granitoa</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porfiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porfiro">porfiroa</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harzuri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harzuri">alabastroa</a> eta antzeko harriak erabiltzen dira. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zulagailu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zulagailu">Zulagailua</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gubil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gubil">gubila</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mailu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mailu">mailua</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zizel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zizel">zizela</a> erabiltzen dira.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iztuku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iztuku">Iztukua</a>: karez, marmol-hautsez, harea garbituz eta kaseina-lekedaz osatua. Iztukua antzinatik erabiltzen da eskulturan edo arkitekturan apaingarri gisa. Erraz molda daiteke naturalean utziz edo polikromatuz.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tailla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tailla">Tailla</a>: zura zizelkatzea teknika eskultoriko zaharrenetako bat da, egiteko erraza eta ezaugarri plastiko askotakoa. Bere izaera irregularrak adierazpen-kutsua ematen dio, amaitu gabea, arte-estilo jakin batzuetarako aproposa izan daitekeena baina kutsu klasikoagoa eta perfekzionistagoa duten beste batzuek baztertzen dutena. Tailla egin ondoren, polikromatu daiteke, eta hainbat tratamendu eman: argizariak edo lakak, xafla metalikoak, ehunak edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harribitxi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harribitxi">harribitxien</a> edo beste elementu batzuen inkrustazioak.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terrakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terrakota">Terrakota</a>: buztin egosiarekin egindako eskultura, irudiak modelatzeko erabili zen lehen materiala izan zen. Asto baten gainean lan egiten da estike, espatulekin edo igeltsuzko molde batekin. Behin modelatu eta lehortzen utzi ondoren, 750-950 °C-tan egosten da. Amaitutakoan, naturalean utzi, pinturaz apaindu edo esmaltatu daiteke (azken hori <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luca_della_Robbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luca della Robbia">Luca della Robbiak</a> asmatu zuen <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XV._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XV. mendea">XV. mendean</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004138-167_5-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004138-167-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Teknika mistoak: pinturan antzera, eskulturan ere irudia osatzeko hainbat elementu erabil daitezke; prozedura hori <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XX._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XX. mendea">XX. mendean</a> dibertsifikatu zen material ez-artistikoak erabiliz (elementu detritikoetatik edo hondakinetatik datozenak barne), edo objektu natural edo artifizialak gehituz, hala nola <i>ready-made</i> izenekoak.</li> </ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8009458/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style> <div class="thumb tmulti tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:254px;max-width:254px"> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg/250px-AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="183" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4827" data-file-height="3543"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 183px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg/250px-AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="250" data-height="183" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg/375px-AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg/500px-AGAD_Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer_%E2%80%93_The_Sudarium.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irarlan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irarlan">Irarlana</a>: <i>Veronicaren beloa</i> (1513), <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alberto_Durero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alberto Durero">Alberto Durero</a>. </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg/250px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="185" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1499"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 185px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg/250px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="250" data-height="185" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg/375px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg/500px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_5._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mosaikoa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaikoa">Mosaikoa</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="V. mendea">V. mendeko</a> mosaiko <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte_bizantziarra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arte bizantziarra">bizantziarra</a> (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istanbul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>). </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg/250px-Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 167px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg/250px-Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="250" data-height="167" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg/375px-Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg/500px-Cologne_Cathedral_Window_Detail.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beirate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beirate">Beiratea</a>: <i>Moises Sinai mendian</i> eta <i>Moises faraoiaren aurrean</i> (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIII._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIII. mendea">XIII. mendea</a>), <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Koloniako_katedrala?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Koloniako katedrala">Koloniako katedrala</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alemania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alemania">Alemania</a>. </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg/250px-Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="153" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1708" data-file-height="1045"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 153px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg/250px-Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="250" data-height="153" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg/375px-Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg/500px-Ceramic_planter_from_the_Ming_Dynasty.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zeramika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zeramika">Zeramika</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ming_dinastia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ming dinastia">Ming dinastiako</a> iturria (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIV._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIV. mendea">XIV</a>. - <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XV._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XV. mendea">XV. mendeak</a>). </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxategi:Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg/250px-Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3254" data-file-height="1924"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 148px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg/250px-Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="250" data-height="148" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg/375px-Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg/500px-Mycenaean_necklace_golden_spirals_12_century_bC.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urregintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urregintza">Urregintza</a>: urrezko lepoko <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mizenastar_zibilizazioa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mizenastar zibilizazioa">mizenastarra</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XII._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XII. mendea">XII. mendea</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <dl> <dt> <b><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irarlan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irarlan">Irarlana</a></b> </dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irarlan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irarlan">Kalkografia</a>: kobrearen gainean egindako grabatua, hutsunean, hainbat teknikatan: <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akuaforte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akuaforte">Akuafortea</a>: Grabatu-teknika hau <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berniz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berniz">berniz</a> batek babesten ez dituen metalezko plantxaren zatiak ur-sendoz (uretan diluitutako <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Azido_nitriko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Azido nitriko">azido nitrikoa</a>) tratatzean datza.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Urtinta&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Urtinta (sortu gabe)">Urtinta</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erretxina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erretxina">erretxinaz</a> estalitako metalezko xafla batetik datorren teknika. Berotu ondoren, plantxaren gainazalari itsasten zaio, eta, ondoren, gainazal horren gainean marrazten da tinta mota berezi batekin, urtinta izenekoa. Akuafortetik dator, eta akuarelaren antzeko efektuak eragiten ditu. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XVIII._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XVIII. mendea">XVIII. mendean</a> sortu zen.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gubilez_grabatua&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gubilez grabatua (sortu gabe)">Gubilez grabatua</a> kobrezko xafla baten gainean egiten da, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gubil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gubil">gubil</a> batekin, helduleku biribil batez eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erronbo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erronbo">erronbo</a> formako ebakidura karratuko <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altzairu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altzairu">altzairuzko</a> barra batez osatutako tresnarekin. Tresna horrekin, marrazkia ildoak tintaz betez margotzen da.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Punta_lehorrean_grabatua&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Punta lehorrean grabatua (sortu gabe)">Punta lehorrean grabatua</a>: teknika honetan, plantxa zuzenean lantzen da <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altzairu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altzairu">altzairuzko</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diamante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diamante">diamantezko</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Errubi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Errubi">errubizko</a> punta batekin, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berniz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berniz">berniz</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Azido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Azido">azidorik</a> erabili gabe, eta marra latz batzuk lortzen dira, <i>bizar</i> izenekoak, presioaren eta ebakitze-angeluaren arabera desberdinak. Gubilak ez bezala, ez du metala mozten, harramazkatu baizik.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kedarrezko_grabatu_(mezzotint)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kedarrezko grabatu (mezzotint)">Kedarrezko grabatua</a> <i>mezzotintoa</i>: beltzez edo kez grabatua ere deitua, plantxa lantzen da hainbat puntako arraspagailu batekin (rocker edo berceau), lerroen gurutzaketa bidez graneatze uniforme bat lortuz, tonu argi eta ilunak bereiziz.</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Linograbatua&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Linograbatua (sortu gabe)">Linograbatua</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xilografia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Xilografia">xilografiaren</a> antzeko erliebean grabatzeko teknika, baina zura erabili beharrean linolioa erabiliz.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Litografia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Litografia">Litografia</a>: kareharriaren gaineko grabatu bat da; marrazkia mugatzeko, koipezko arkatz batekin gainazala tratatzen da, eta grabatua bi prozeduraren arabera egiten da: azidoz busti koipeztatu gabeko zatia jateko eta marrazkia erliebean uzteko; edo, bi tinta urtsu eta gantz mota aplikatuta, lehena hondoan finkatzen da, eta bigarrenak arkatzez marraztutako lerroak estaltzen ditu. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Aloys_Senefelder&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Aloys Senefelder (sortu gabe)">Aloys Senefelderrek</a> asmatu zuen, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1778?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1778">1778an</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Serigrafia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Serigrafia">Serigrafia</a>: teknika horren bidez, koloreak <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zeta_(gaia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zeta (gaia)">zetazko</a> –edo, gaur egun, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nylon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nylon">naylon</a>– bilbe batetik iragaziz lortzen dira inpresioak, iragazi behar ez diren zatiak itsasgarriz estaliz iragazgaizteko. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Txinako_Herri_Errepublika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Txinako Herri Errepublika">Txinan</a> asmatu zuten.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xilografia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Xilografia">Xilografia</a>: zuran grabatua (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gereziondo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gereziondo">gereziondoa</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ezpel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ezpel">ezpela</a>, normalean), zurezko xaflaren gainean kalkaturiko zirriborro baten gainean egina eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Labana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labana">labanaz</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gubia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gubia">gubiaz</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trintxa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trintxa">trintxa</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gubil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gubil">gubilez</a> zizelkatua, zuriak zurez hustuz eta beltzak erliebean utziz; ondoren, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arrabol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arrabol">arrabol</a> batekin moztu, eta eskuz edo torkulu batez estanpatzen da. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erdi_Aroa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erdi Aroa">Erdi Aroan</a>, asko erabili zen, batez ere <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alemania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alemania">Alemanian</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFatasBorras1990122-123_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFatasBorras1990122-123-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> <b><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mosaiko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mosaiko">Mosaikoa</a></b> </dt> </dl> <ul> <li><i>Lithstroton</i>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zoladura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zoladura">Zoladura</a> gisa jarritako mosaikoa izendatzen duen <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Greziar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Greziar">greziar</a> terminoa. Estaldura karearen, harearen edo beste material batzuen gainean aplikatzen da, hala nola harrien, harri-koskorren edo marmolezko harlauzen gainean. Hainbat motatakoak dira: <i>opus lapilli</i>, kolore naturaleko harri txiki batzuk, xmarrazkia berez osatzen dutenak; <i>opus tessellatum</i>, konposizioa egiteko erabiltzen diren <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tesela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tesela">teselez</a> eta forma karratuko piezez osatua, oro har geometria-motakoak; <i>opus vermiculatum</i>, teselez egina hori ere, baina inguru desberdinetakoak, eta, horrela, hainbat trazatu osa ditzakete; <i>opus sectile</i>, forma irregularreko marmolezko lauzez osatua.</li> <li><i><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Titakadura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Titakadura">Titakadura</a></i>: aurrekoen antzeko teknika; zoladurazkoa edo parietala izan daiteke, edo altzariei edo beste objektu batzuei ere aplika dakieke. Gainazal trinko baten gainean, kolorezko harrizko eta marmolezko lauza finak txertatzean datza, moztuak eta ahokatuak, hainbat irudi edo konposizio osatuz. Egurrarekin ere egin daiteke, eta ohiko teknika da ebanisterian. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carpi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carpi">Carpin</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XVII._mendea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XVII. mendea">XVII. mendean</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eskaiola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eskaiola">eskaiolaz</a> egindako titakadura ere sortu zen<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004176-201_7-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004176-201-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> <b><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beira?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beira">Beira</a></b> </dt> </dl> <p>Hainbat beira mota daude: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sodio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sodio">sodio</a>-beira (oinarrizkoena, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Silizio_dioxido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silizio dioxido">silizetik</a> abiatuta), <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kristal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kristal">kristala</a> (silizea eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berun">berun</a>-oxido edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Potasio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Potasio">potasioa</a>), kaltzedoniar beira (silizea eta oxido metalikoak) eta esneki-beira (silizea, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manganeso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manganeso">manganeso</a> bioxidoa eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eztainu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eztainu">eztainu</a> oxidoa). Hori lantzeko teknika nagusia beira puztea da, eta edozein forma eta lodiera eman dakioke. Dekorazioari dagokionez, margotua, esgrafiatua, zizelkatua, pintzaduna, filigranazkoa eta abar izan daiteke<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004250-284_8-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004250-284-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beirate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beirate">Beiratea</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zur">zurez</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Igeltsu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Igeltsu">igeltsuz</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urre">urrez</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berun">berunez</a> lotutako kristalen gainean egiten da, eta berunezko xaflekin ahokatzen dira, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eztainu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eztainu">eztainatuz</a> masilla-geruza batekin (zuri-pintore linaza-olioarekin). Antzinako beirateek grisailak dituzte, oxido ferriko likidoa, xehetasun txikiak zehaztasunez marrazteko aplikatua; <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1340?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1340">1340</a> inguruan, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zilar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zilar">zilar</a> oxidoa jarri zen, eta, hortik aurrera, ez da koloretako kristalik egiten, baizik eta kristal zuriaren gainean koloreztatzen da.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esmalte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Esmalte">Esmaltea</a>: beirazko pasta bat da (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Silizeno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silizeno">silizea</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kare">karea</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Potasa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Potasa">potasa</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berun">beruna</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berun_tetraoxido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berun tetraoxido">minioa</a>), metalezko euskarrian, hainbat teknikaren arabera landua: <i>cloisonnea</i> (urrezko edo kobrezko harizpi txikiak), irudia euskarriaren gainean marrazteko erabiltzen dena esmaltea trenkadetan bereizteko; <i>champlevea</i>, euskarria albeolotan beheratuz eta materiala zuloetan ateraz esmaltearekin beteta; <i>ajougea</i>, urrezko gainazala, non formak ebakitzen baitira zerrekin edo limekin ezabatutako zatia esmaltez betez.</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zeramika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zeramika">Zeramika</a> </dt> </dl> <p>Buztinarekin egiten da lau motatan: buztin egosi porotsu gorri-horixka (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buztin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buztin">buztineria</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terrakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terrakota">terrakota</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biskuit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biskuit">biskuit</a>); buztin egosi porotsu zuria (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Loza_(materiala)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Loza (materiala)">loza</a>); buztin egosi ez-porotsu grisa, arrea edo marroia (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gres?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gres">gresa</a>); buztin egosi ez porotsua eta erdi gardena (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portzelana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portzelana">portzelana</a>). Eskuz edo mekanikoki egin daiteke —tornua erabiliz—; ondoren, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Labe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labe">labean</a> egosten da —400 °C eta 1300 °C arteko tenperaturan, motaren arabera—, eta esmaltez edo pinturaz apaintzen da<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004212-230_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004212-230-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <dl> <dt> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urregintza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urregintza">Urregintza</a> </dt> </dl> <p>Objektu apaingarriak metal nobleekin edo harribitxiekin (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urre">urrea</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zilar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zilar">zilarra</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diamante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diamante">diamantea</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perla">perla</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anbar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anbar">anbarra</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Koral?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Koral">korala</a>, etab.) egiteko artea da.</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kameu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kameu">Kameua</a>: harri gogor geruzatuen gainean erliebean dauden irudiak zizelkatzea da, hala nola <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agata">agata</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaltzedonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaltzedonia">kaltzedonia</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Koral?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Koral">korala</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maskor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maskor">maskorra</a>. Oro har, kolore askotako geruzak dituzte, eta horrek kontraste kromatiko handiak ematen ditu.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zizel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zizel">Zizelkatzea</a>: metal preziatua zizel batekin lantzea da, dekorazio-harrotu edo akabera-lanak eginez forma eta lodiera desberdinetako zizelekin.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Damaskinatu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Damaskinatu">Damaskinatua</a>: euskarri metaliko baten gainean, marrazkia punta finarekin marrazten da; gero, ebaki bat egiten da <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gubil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gubil">gubil</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bisturi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bisturi">bisturiarekin</a>, eta, azkenik, kolore desberdineko metalen filigrana bat aplikatzen da.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filigrana_(artisautza)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Filigrana (artisautza)">Filigrana</a>: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metal_preziatu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metal preziatu">metal preziatuzko</a> hariekin sortzen da, eta horiekin egiten da pieza, hariak txirikordatuz edo hariztatuz nahi den forma lortu arte.</li> <li>Fusioa: moldez egindako lanak dira, bi modutara eginak: marruskadura iraunkorra (molde bibalbio batez egina) forma landua duena, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harri">harrizkoa</a> edo argizari galduko <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terrakota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terrakota">terrakotazkoa</a>, non objektua argizariz modelatzen den eta inbutu bat aplikatzen zaion arnasbideekin, kretaz estaliz, zeina lehortu ondoren argizaria bota arte berotzen den, gero metal urtuz betez.</li> <li>Pikortsua: marrazkiak edo dekorazio geometrikoak egiteko erabiltzen diren urrezko esfera xeheak lortzeko prozedura da.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nielatu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nielatu">Nielatzea</a>: marrazki bat metalezko xafla baten gainean grabatzean datza —oro har, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zilar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zilar">zilarra</a>—, lerroak nielatuz (zilar, kobre eta berun aleazioz beteta) <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sufre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sufre">sufrez</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Borax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Borax">boraxez</a>, zeinak nahasketa beltz eta distiratsua sortzen duen.</li> <li><i>Opus interrasile</i>: erromatar jatorriko teknika, metal preziatuko xafletan ebaki txikiak egitean datzana eta obrari, kalatu funtzioa eginez, ahokagarri-itxura ematen dion.</li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bozelketa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bozelketa">Bozelketa</a>: urre, zilar edo kobrezko xaflen gainean, erliebean egindako dekorazioa da, plantxaren alderantzizko aldean mailu eta zizelarekin landuta<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004300-358_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004300-358-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forja">Forja</a> </dt> </dl> <p>Burdinarekin egiten da (<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limonita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limonita">limonita</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pirita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pirita">pirita</a> edo <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magnetita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Magnetita">magnetita</a>), eta beroarekin murrizten da. Hortik, lingoteak egiteko <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gori">pasta goria</a> ateratzen da. Hiru motatakoak daude: <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fundizio_gris&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fundizio gris (sortu gabe)">fundizio grisa</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karbono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karbono">karbono</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Silizio_dioxido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silizio dioxido">silize</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sufre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sufre">sufre</a>, eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manganeso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manganeso">manganeso</a> asko duena, ez du forjatzeko balio, moldean urtzeko bakarrik; <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burdina_forjatu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burdina forjatu">burdina gozo edo forjatua</a>, karbono gutxiagorekin, malguagoa eta harikorragoa da, eta forjatu daiteke, baina biguna, eta desitxuragarria da; <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altzairu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altzairu">altzairua</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manganeso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manganeso">manganeso</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wolfram?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wolfram">tungsteno</a>, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kobalto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kobalto">kobalto</a> eta <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wolfram?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wolfram">wolframioa</a> dituena; gogorragoa da tresna ebakitzaileentzat. Modelatzea materialik gehitu edo kendu gabe egiten da, baizik eta teknika alternatibo batzuk bitartez: luzatze, zabaltze, arrailtze, kurbatze, birkokatze, etab.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Irudiak_adimen_artifizialaren_bidez_sortzea">Irudiak adimen artifizialaren bidez sortzea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Irudiak adimen artifizialaren bidez sortzea»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <div style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;"> Sakontzeko, irakurri: «<a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adimen_artifizial_sortzaile?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adimen artifizial sortzaile">Adimen artifizial sortzaile</a>» </div> <p><i>Midjourney</i>, <i>Stable Diffusion</i> edo <i>Dall-e</i> gisako tresna informatikoek artetzat har daitezkeen irudiak sortzeko aukera ematen dute. Baliabide horiek <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet">Interneten</a> eskuragarri dauden irudi ugari erabiltzen dituzte adimen artifizialaren bidez, deskribapenen eta beste elementu batzuen komunikazioaren bidez erabiltzaile batek eskatzen duen obra sortzeko.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Euskal_Herriko_artisten_zerrenda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Euskal Herriko artisten zerrenda">Euskal artistak</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernst_Gombrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ernst Gombrich">Ernst Gombrich</a></li> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Artearen_historia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Artearen historia">Artearen historia</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="boilerplate" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%"> <ul> <li>Artikulu honen edukiaren zati bat <i>Lur hiztegi entziklopediko</i>tik edo <i>Lur entziklopedia tematiko</i>tik txertatu zen 2011/12/26 egunean. Egile-eskubideen jabeak, <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eusko_Jaurlaritza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eusko Jaurlaritza">Eusko Jaurlaritzak</a>, hiztegi horiek <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/deed.eu">CC-BY 3.0 lizentziarekin</a> argitaratu ditu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://opendata.euskadi.eus/katalogoa/-/lur-entziklopedia-tematikoa/">Open Data Euskadi webgunean</a>.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-1" style="-moz-column-count: 1; -webkit-column-count: 1; column-count: 1; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/index.php?option%3Dcom_oehberria%26task%3DsarreraIkusi%26Itemid%3D413%26lang%3Deu%26id%3D148093">«erti - OEH - Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia»</a> <i>www.euskaltzaindia.eus</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-06)</small></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Villa, Rocío de la (2003). <i>Guía del arte hoy</i>. Tecnos, Madril. <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/84-309-3930-X?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berezi:BookSources/84-309-3930-X">ISBN 84-309-3930-X</a>., 62-66 or.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga200412-30-3"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga200412-30_3-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga 2004</a>, 12-30 orr. .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga200492-132-4"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga200492-132_4-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga 2004</a>, 92-132 orr. .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004138-167-5"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004138-167_5-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga 2004</a>, 138-167 orr. .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFatasBorras1990122-123-6"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFatasBorras1990122-123_6-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFatasBorras1990">Fatas & Borras 1990</a>, 122-123 orr. .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004176-201-7"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004176-201_7-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga 2004</a>, 176-201 orr. .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004250-284-8"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004250-284_8-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga 2004</a>, 250-284 orr. .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004212-230-9"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004212-230_9-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga 2004</a>, 212-230 orr. .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuga2004300-358-10"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuga2004300-358_10-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga 2004</a>, 300-358 orr. .</span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bibliografia»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFFuga2004">Fuga, Antonella. (2004). <i>Técnicas y materiales del arte. </i> Electa, Barcelona <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/84-8156-377-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berezi:BookSources/84-8156-377-3">84-8156-377-3</a>.</span>.</li> <li><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFFatasBorras1990">Fatas, Guillermo; Borras, Gonzalo. (1990). <i>Diccionario de términos de arte y elementos de arqueología, heráldica y numismática. </i> Alianza, Madrid <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/84-206-0292-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berezi:BookSources/84-206-0292-2">84-206-0292-2</a>.</span>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ikus,_gainera_2"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera_2"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Artista?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Artista">Artista</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Arte&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>aldatu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul> <li><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/art-definition/">"The Definition of Art"</a> (Stanford filosofia entziklopedia)</li> </ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="mw-authority-control"> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9236167">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9236165">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style> </div> <div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikidata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Wd" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-width="15" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Art">Art</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type%3Dimage%26search%3D%2522Q735%2522">Q735</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://eu-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikiesanak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikiquote"> <noscript> <img alt="Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 15px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Wikiquote" data-width="15" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> Aipu famatuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikiquote.org/wiki/Artea" class="extiw" title="q:Artea">Artea</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div>   </section> </div> 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minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Ernestobanpiroa" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1732004710"> <span>Azken aldaketa 19 azaroa 2024(e)an, 09:25(e)tan</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Hizkuntzak</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuns" title="Kuns – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kuns" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB" title="Кееркемел – hegoaldeko altaiera" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Кееркемел" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="hegoaldeko altaiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%25A5%25E1%258A%2590_%25E1%258C%25A5%25E1%2589%25A0%25E1%2589%25A5" title="ሥነ ጥበብ – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሥነ ጥበብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कला – angikera" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="कला" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D9%2586" title="فن – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D9%2586" title="فن – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فن" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D9%2586" title="فن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="কলা – assamera" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কলা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D1%258C%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D1%258A%25D0%25B8" title="Гьунарлъи – avarera" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Гьунарлъи" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamba" title="Yamba – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Yamba" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%25C3%25A4pa" title="Yäpa – aimara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Yäpa" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0nc%25C9%2599s%25C9%2599n%25C9%2599t" title="İncəsənət – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İncəsənət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25D8%25AC%25D9%2587%25E2%2580%258C%25D8%25B5%25D9%2586%25D8%25B9%25D8%25AA" title="اینجه‌صنعت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اینجه‌صنعت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D3%2599%25D0%25BD%25D2%2593%25D3%2599%25D1%2582" title="Сәнғәт – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сәнғәт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mens" title="Mens – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mens" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Мастацтва – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мастацтва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Мастацтва – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мастацтва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni" title="Seni – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Seni" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE" title="Изкуство – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Изкуство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कला – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कला" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%258A%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2582%258F" title="အနုပညာႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="အနုပညာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B6%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="শিল্পকলা – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শিল্পকলা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BE%2592%25E0%25BE%25B1%25E0%25BD%25B4%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BE%25A9%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BC%258D" title="སྒྱུ་རྩལ། – tibetera" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྒྱུ་རྩལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE_%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%258B_%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AC" title="কলা বারো কলাতত্ত্ব – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="কলা বারো কলাতত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arz" title="Arz – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Arz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetnost" title="Umjetnost – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Umjetnost" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B3" title="Уралиг – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Уралиг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%25C4%25AB-s%25C5%25ADk" title="Mī-sŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mī-sŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D1%258C%25D1%2585%25D1%258C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0" title="Исбаьхьалла – txetxenera" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Исбаьхьалла" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25BE%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DB%2595%25D8%25B1" title="ھونەر – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھونەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – korsikera" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanat" title="Sanat – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Sanat" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Um%25C4%259Bn%25C3%25AD" title="Umění – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Umění" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25B9%25C5%2584szt" title="Kùńszt – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kùńszt" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D3%25B2%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580" title="Ӳнер – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ӳнер" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celf" title="Celf – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Celf" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huner" title="Huner – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Huner" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arto" title="Arto – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arti" title="Arti – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Arti" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2587%25D9%2586%25D8%25B1" title="هنر – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هنر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taide" title="Taide – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taide" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cakacakaniliga" title="Cakacakaniliga – fijiera" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Cakacakaniliga" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2582rt" title="Ârt – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ârt" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konst" title="Konst – iparraldeko frisiera" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Konst" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="iparraldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – friulera" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keunst" title="Keunst – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Keunst" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eala%25C3%25ADn" title="Ealaín – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ealaín" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2597%259D%25E8%25A1%2593" title="藝術 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="藝術" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lar" title="Lar – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lar" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ealain" title="Ealain – Eskoziako gaelikoa" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ealain" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Eskoziako gaelikoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2587%25DB%258A%25D9%2586%25D8%25B1" title="هۊنر – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="هۊنر" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembiapopor%25C3%25A3" title="Tembiapoporã – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tembiapoporã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%2595%25E0%25AA%25B2%25E0%25AA%25BE" title="કલા – gujaratera" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કલા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujaratera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellyn" title="Ellyn – manxera" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ellyn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngi-su%25CC%258Dt" title="Ngi-su̍t – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngi-su̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%25C4%2581heona" title="Pāheona – hawaiiera" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Pāheona" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%259E%25D7%25A0%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA" title="אמנות – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמנות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कला – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कला" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetnost" title="Umjetnost – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Umjetnost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atizay" title="Atizay – Haitiko kreolera" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Atizay" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitiko kreolera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%25C5%25B1v%25C3%25A9szet" title="Művészet – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Művészet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B1%25D6%2580%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A5%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BF" title="Արվեստ – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արվեստ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B1%25D6%2580%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25A5%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BF" title="Արուեստ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Արուեստ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni" title="Seni – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Seni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C7%25B8k%25C3%25A0" title="Ǹkà – igboera" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ǹkà" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igboera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – ilocanoera" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arto" title="Arto – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/List" title="List – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="List" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%258A%25B8%25E8%25A1%2593" title="芸術 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="芸術" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aat" title="Aat – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Aat" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/larcu" title="larcu – lojbana" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="larcu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojbana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagunan" title="Kagunan – javera" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kagunan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2590" title="ხელოვნება – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხელოვნება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%25E1%25BA%2593uri" title="Taẓuri – kabiliera" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Taẓuri" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabiliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D1%258A%25D1%2583%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B6%25D1%258D" title="Гъуазджэ – kabardiera" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Гъуазджэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D3%25A8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580" title="Өнер – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Өнер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eqqumiitsuliorneq" title="Eqqumiitsuliorneq – groenlandiera" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Eqqumiitsuliorneq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="groenlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259E%25B7%25E1%259E%259B%25E1%259F%2592%25E1%259E%2594%25E1%259F%2588" title="សិល្បៈ – khemerera" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សិល្បៈ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khemerera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%25B2%25E0%25B3%2586" title="ಕಲೆ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಲೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%2598%2588%25EC%2588%25A0" title="예술 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="예술" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D9%258E%25D9%2586" title="فَن – kaxmirera" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="فَن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kaxmirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huner" title="Huner – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Huner" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – kornubiera" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornubiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D3%25A9%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BC_%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BD%25D3%25A9%25D1%2580" title="Көркөм өнөр – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Көркөм өнөр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars" title="Ars – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ars" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – ladinoa" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladinoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konscht" title="Konscht – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Konscht" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuns" title="Kuns – limburgera" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kuns" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – liguriera" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ert" title="Ert – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ert" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nt%25C9%2594%25CC%2581ki" title="Ntɔ́ki – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ntɔ́ki" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%25B4%25E0%25BA%2599%25E0%25BA%25A5%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BA%259B%25E0%25BA%25B0" title="ສິນລະປະ – laosera" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສິນລະປະ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menas" title="Menas – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Menas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%25C4%2581ksla" title="Māksla – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Māksla" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कला – maithilia" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कला" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C%25D1%2581%25D1%258C" title="Сетеньсь – mokxera" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Сетеньсь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zavakanto" title="Zavakanto – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zavakanto" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%258B%25D0%25BC%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D1%2588" title="Сымыктыш – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Сымыктыш" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni" title="Seni – minangkabauera" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Seni" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabauera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Уметност – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Уметност" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3" title="Урлаг – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Урлаг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25AB%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ပါန်ကွတ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ပါန်ကွတ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कला – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कला" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni" title="Seni – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Seni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arti" title="Arti – maltera" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Arti" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – mirandesa" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%258A%25E1%2580%25AC" title="အနုပညာ – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အနုပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%258D%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C" title="Сэтень – erziera" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Сэтень" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2587%25D9%2586%25D8%25B1" title="هنر – mazandarandera" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هنر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – napoliera" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keunst" title="Keunst – behe-saxoiera" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Keunst" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="behe-saxoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कला – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कला" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aartii" title="Aartii – oromoera" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Aartii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4" title="Аивад – osetiera" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Аивад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A8%25BE" title="ਕਲਾ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਲਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – papiamentoa" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamentoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztuka" title="Sztuka – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sztuka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25B1%25D9%25B9" title="آرٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آرٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2587%25D9%2586%25D8%25B1" title="هنر – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هنر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapchiy" title="Kapchiy – kitxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kapchiy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kitxua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%25C4%2583" title="Artă – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Artă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%25C3%25A2" title="Artâ – aromaniera" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Artâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE" title="Искусство – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Искусство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%258F" title="Уменя – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Уменя" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कला – sanskritoa" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कला" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D1%258C%25D0%25BE%25D2%2595%25D1%2583%25D1%2580" title="Дьоҕур – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьоҕур" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – sardiniera" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arti" title="Arti – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Arti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airt" title="Airt – eskoziera" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Airt" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="eskoziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D9%2586" title="فن – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="فن" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjetnost" title="Umjetnost – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Umjetnost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%25E1%25BA%2593u%25E1%25B9%259Bi" title="Taẓuṛi – tachelhita" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Taẓuṛi" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B7%2580" title="කලාව – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කලාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" title="Art – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Art" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umenie" title="Umenie – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Umenie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umetnost" title="Umetnost – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Umetnost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faatufugaga" title="Faatufugaga – samoera" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Faatufugaga" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Useza" title="Useza – shonera" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Useza" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arti" title="Arti – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Arti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Уметност – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Уметност" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buciko" title="Buciko – swatiera" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Buciko" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swatiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni" title="Seni – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Seni" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konst" title="Konst – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Konst" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usanii" title="Usanii – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usanii" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C5%258Dnszt" title="Kōnszt – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kōnszt" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AF%2588" title="கலை – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B0%25B3" title="కళ – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కళ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%258A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Санъат – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Санъат" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25B0" title="ศิลปะ – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศิลปะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%258A%2590_%25E1%258C%25A5%25E1%2589%25A0%25E1%2589%25A5" title="ስነ ጥበብ – tigrinyera" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ስነ ጥበብ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrinyera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sining" title="Sining – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sining" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CA%25BB%25C4%2580ti" title="ʻĀti – tongera" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻĀti" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/At" title="At – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="At" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanat" title="Sanat – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sanat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuqambhi" title="Vuqambhi – tsongera" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vuqambhi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsongera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C3%25A4n%25C4%259F%25C3%25A4t" title="Sänğät – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Sänğät" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2586%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE" title="Мистецтво – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мистецтво" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D9%2586" title="فن – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%25CA%25BCat" title="Sanʼat – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sanʼat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arte" title="Arte – veneziera" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Arte" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Comamaht" title="Čomamaht – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Čomamaht" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngh%25E1%25BB%2587_thu%25E1%25BA%25ADt" title="Nghệ thuật – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nghệ thuật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lekan" title="Lekan – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lekan" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2585rt" title="Årt – valoniera" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Årt" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%25C3%25A9" title="Arté – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Arté" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%25C3%25A0nn" title="Fànn – wolofera" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Fànn" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolofera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2589%25BA%25E6%259C%25AF" title="艺术 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="艺术" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubugcisa" title="Ubugcisa – xhosera" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ubugcisa" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2590" title="ხელუანობა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ხელუანობა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A7%25D7%2595%25D7%25A0%25D7%25A1%25D7%2598" title="קונסט – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קונסט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%25E1%25B9%25A3%25E1%25BA%25B9%25CC%2581_%25E1%25BB%258Dn%25C3%25A0" title="Iṣẹ́ ọnà – jorubera" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Iṣẹ́ ọnà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yisuz" title="Yisuz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yisuz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Kunst" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B5%259C%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%25A5%25E2%25B5%2593%25E2%25B5%2594%25E2%25B5%2589" title="ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵔⵉ – amazigera estandarra" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵔⵉ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazigera estandarra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2589%25BA%25E6%259C%25AF" title="艺术 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="艺术" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C4%2593-su%25CC%258Dt" title="Gē-su̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gē-su̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2597%259D%25E8%25A1%2593" title="藝術 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="藝術" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuciko" title="Ubuciko – zuluera" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ubuciko" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li 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