CINXE.COM

<!doctype html>     <html class="no-js" lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>SFE: Wingrove, David</title> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta name="description" content="Welcome to the fourth edition of The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction." /> <meta name="keywords" content="" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">  <script> window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; ga("create", "UA-24275979-1", "auto"); ga("send", "pageview"); </script> <script async src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script>  <link rel="icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/style.css?v=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/media-queries.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/cookie.css"> <script src="/static/js/libs/modernizr-2.0.6.min.js"></script> <style media="screen" type="text/css"> ::-moz-selection { background: navy !important; } html, body { margin:0; padding:0; height:100%; } #container { min-height:100%; position:relative; } #header { background:#ff0; padding:10px; } #body { padding-bottom:15px; /* Height of the footer */ } #footer { position:absolute; bottom:0; width:100%; height:15px; /* Height of the footer */ background:#6cf; } </style>  </head> <body style="overflow-x: hidden;"> <div id="container"> <div id="body"> <div id="minorNavWrapper"> <nav id="minornav" class="clearfix"> <ul class="clearfix" style="font-weight: bold;"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us">About us</a></li> <li><a href="/random.php">Random</a></li> <li><a href="/contact.php">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="/donate.php">Donate</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div id="mainNavWrapper"> <nav id="mainnav"> <ul class="clearfix"> <li class="home"><a title="Home page" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/"><img id="sfeLogoSmall" src="/static/img/sfe.png" alt="SFE: The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction"><img id="sfeLogo" src="/static/img/logo.png" alt="SFE: The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction"></a><span class="logoArrow"></span></li> <li class="section-all"><a href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/category/0">All entries</a></li> <li class="section-themes"><a href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/category/theme">Themes</a></li> <li class="section-authors"><a href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/category/everyone">People</a></li> <li class="section-media"><a href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/category/media">Media</a></li> <li class="section-culture"><a href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/category/culture">Culture</a></li> <li class="section-news"><a href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/news/">News</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div id="main"> <div class="colsWrapper clearfix"> <div class="column mainCol clearfix" style="background-color:white !important;"> <fieldset id="globalSearch"> <form name="srchenter" method="post" action="/search.php"> <select name="catfilter" class="searchFilter" style="width: 132px" title="Select entry category for headword or global search"> <option value="">Search all entries</option> <option value="chk">Checklist titles</option><option value="art">Art</option> <option value="author">Author</option> <option value="award">Award</option> <option value="character">Character</option> <option value="comics">Comics</option> <option value="community">Community</option> <option value="critic">Critic</option> <option value="editor">Editor</option> <option value="fan">Fan</option> <option value="film">Film</option> <option value="game">Game</option> <option value="house name">House Name</option> <option value="international">International</option> <option value="music">Music</option> <option value="people">People (media)</option> <option value="prelim">Prelim</option> <option value="publication">Publication</option> <option value="publisher">Publisher</option> <option value="radio">Radio</option> <option value="theatre">Theatre</option> <option value="theme">Theme</option> <option value="tv">TV</option> </select> <input name="search" type="text" value="" style="margin: 0 0 5px 0; width: 155px !important;" onFocus="this.select()" onClick="this.select()" onHover="this.select()" class="searchText" id="defaultOpen">  <input type="submit" value="Headwords" class="button primary" style="margin: 5px 0 0 0;; padding-left: 8px; padding-right: 8px">  <input type="submit" name="glob" value="Global search" class="button primary" style="margin: 5px 0 0 0; padding-left: 8px; padding-right: 8px"> <input type="text" name="eofmode" value="" hidden> <div style="display:none;"> <p style="margin: 0px; float: left;"><input type="radio" name="tomeselect" value="sfe" checked> <i>Search SFE</i>   <input type="radio" name="tomeselect" value="eof"> <i>Search EoF</i></p> <p style="margin: 0px; float: right;"> <input type="checkbox" Name="noxref">  <i>Omit cross-reference entries</i>  </p> <script> document.srchenter.search.focus(); document.addEventListener("keydown", function(event) { if (event.code == "PageDown" || event.code == "ArrowDown" || ( !event.getModifierState("NumLock") && (event.code == "Numpad2" || event.code == "Numpad3"))) { document.srchenter.search.blur(); } }) </script> </div> </form> </fieldset> <article class="entryArticle content STeditorial"> <header class="entryHeader icon-author"> <h1 class="entryTitle">Wingrove, David </h1> </header><p class='tagLine'>Entry updated 19 February 2024. Tagged: Author, Critic.</p><div class="browsingBtns"> <span> <input class="button PNI previous" type="button" onclick="window.location.href='/next.php?id=p&entry=wingrove_david'" value="Prev" /> </span> <span> <input class="button PNI next" type="button" onclick="window.location.href='/next.php?&entry=wingrove_david'" value="Next" /> </span> <span> <input class="button PNI incoming" type="button" onclick="window.location.href='/incoming.php?entry=wingrove_david'" value="About This Entry" title="What links to the entry; contributor initials explained; how to cite; other information" /> </span> <span><input class="button PNI" type="button" value="Checklist" onclick="window.location.hash='chklst'" ></span> <span><input class="button PNI" type="button" value="Alpha" onclick="window.location.href='/chron.php?id=wingrove_david&abc'" ></span> <span><input class="button PNI" type="button" value="Chron" onclick="window.location.href='/chron.php?id=wingrove_david'" ></span> <span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="window.open('/gallery.php?link=wingrove_david');"> <img alt="Icon made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com" style="margin: 0; position: relative; top:-2px;" src="/images/icon-gal.gif"></img></span> </div><p style='float:right; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:10px; position: relative; top: 3px;'> <a href='/gallery.php?id=Wingrove-SFSource.jpg' target='_blank'> <img src='https://x.sf-encyclopedia.com/gal/thumbs/Wingrove-SFSource.jpg' alt='pic'></a></p> <p>(1954-    ) UK critic and author who began to publish work of genre interest with "Photographs" in <i>Focus</i> for Spring 1980, though he has written very little short fiction since, some of it as by Fara Jackson. His career has broken into two logical sequences. Initially he concentrated on critical work, the earliest significant example of which – <i>The Immortals of Science Fiction</i> (<b>1980</b>) – was printed but never officially released, due to the bankruptcy of its publisher; copies were circulated, and it effectively exists as a published book. It is, in a sense, an exercise in <a href="/entry/recursive_sf">Recursive SF</a>, in which an investigator from an <a href="/entry/alternate_worlds">Alternate World</a> version of Earth travels to various planets, where he meets famous sf writers who there go by the names of their most famous characters, with Isaac <a href="/entry/asimov_isaac">Asimov</a> appearing as Susan Calvin, George <a href="/entry/orwell_george">Orwell</a> as Winston Smith, and so on. Critical points are lightly adduced. <i>Apertures: A Study of the Writings of Brian Aldiss</i> (<b>1984</b>) with Brian <a href="/entry/griffin_brian">Griffin</a> (see Brian <a href="/entry/aldiss_brian_w">Aldiss</a>) was both admiring and reasonably comprehensive, and marked a close association with its subject, who introduced <i>The Science Fiction Source Book</i> (<b>1984</b>). This packs into relatively few pages a surprisingly comprehensive "Consumer's Guide" to sf novels; its main flaw is its sublimely overcomplicated quadripartite rating system. Aldiss then invited Wingrove to participate with him in revising his energetic history of sf, <i>Billion Year Spree</i> (<b>1973</b>); the result, published as <i>Trillion Year Spree: The History of Science Fiction</i> (<b>1986</b>), with Wingrove listed as co-author, attempts with partial success to sustain the élan of its much shorter parent, but falters in its coverage of the late 1970s and 1980s, during a period when sf grew voluminously as an enterprise, but also became more diffuse, and necessarily harder to describe. <i>Trillion Year Spree</i> received the <a href="/entry/eaton_award">Eaton Award</a>, <a href="/entry/hugo">Hugo</a> and <a href="/entry/locus_award">Locus Award</a> for best nonfiction.</p> <p>Wingrove's career then changed direction, and for years he focused almost entirely on producing the enormous <b>Chung Kuo</b> sequence, the first version of which comprises <i>The Middle Kingdom</i> (<b>1989</b>), <i>The Broken Wheel</i> (<b>1990</b>), <i>The White Mountain</i> (<b>1991</b>), <i>The Stone Within</i> (<b>1992</b>), <i>Beneath the Tree of Heaven</i> (<b>1993</b>), <i>White Moon, Red Dragon</i> (<b>1994</b>), <i>Days of Bitter Strength</i> (<b>1995</b>) and <i>The Marriage of the Living Dark</i> (<b>1997</b>). Set in a twenty-second- and twenty-third-century Earth dominated by a monolithic Chinese hegemony, after its successful world takeover which has successfully stymied all development in <a href="/entry/technology">Technology</a>, the sequence elaborately delineates a stalled and static culture in terms evocative of the <a href="/entry/planetary_romance">Planetary Romance</a>, building inexorably towards a radical transformation of the world instigated by terrorists and revolutionaries; the early volumes, perhaps consequently, are stronger as dynastic history than as sf. The series was admired for its scope and ambition, though some critics expressed reservations about the quality of prose and the early deployment of extreme <a href="/entry/torture">Torture</a> of a woman to establish one <a href="/entry/villains">Villain</a>'s credentials.</p> <p>Having expressed dissatisfaction with some aspects of the saga, including the publisher-induced truncation of the climax, Wingrove began a second run-through, much expanded, of the long tale. This <b>Chung Kuo Two</b> sequence – projected to extend over twenty volumes and comprising to date <i>Son of Heaven</i> (<b>2011</b>), <i>Daylight on Iron Mountain</i> (<b>2012</b>), <i>The Middle Kingdom</i> (<b>2012</b>), a thorough reworking of <i>The Middle Kingdom</i> above, <i>Ice and Fire</i> (<b>2012</b>), <i>The Art of War</i> (<b>2013</b>), <i>An Inch of Ashes</i> (<b>2013</b>), <i>The Broken Wheel</i> (<b>2013</b>) and <i>The White Mountain</i> (<b>2014</b>) – begins with prequel novels set in the relatively close <a href="/entry/near_future">Near Future</a>, with the rest of the world succumbing to Chinese pressure and assassinations (see <a href="/entry/yellow_peril">Yellow Peril</a>), as a great world <a href="/entry/cities">City</a> begins to vacuum up survivors. As in the first version, a literal underclass comes to inhabit the planetary surface, a neglected basement of the world-city and thus effectively <a href="/entry/underground">Underground</a>. Wingrove's overriding premise – that China may soon plausibly dominate the planet – has been reworked in the decades since the series was conceived, but remains arguable in sf terms. Unfortunately, following the appearance of <i>The White Mountain</i> in 2014, his publisher reportedly cancelled the series owing to inadequate sales; its planned quick-fire publication sequence had been intended to conclude with #20 in mid-2015. The remaining projected titles of <b>Chung Kuo Two</b> are «Monsters of the Deep», «The Stone Within», «Upon a Wheel of Fire», «Beneath the Tree of Heaven», «Song of the Bronze Statue», «White Moon Red Dragon», «China on the Rhine», «Days of Bitter Strength», «The Father of Lies», «Blood and Iron», «King of Infinite Space» and «The Marriage of the Living Dark».</p> <p>Another work of genre interest has been the <b>Myst</b> sequence of <a href="/entry/tie">Ties</a> to the <a href="/entry/science_fantasy">Science Fantasy</a> <a href="/entry/videogame">Videogame</a> <i>Myst</i> (<i>1993</i>), beginning with <i>Myst: The Book of Atrus</i> (<b>1995</b>) with Rand Miller and Robyn Miller; for a brief description of the game itself, see <a href="/entry/adventure">Adventure</a>.</p> <p>Wingrove's most recent sf sequence is <b>Roads to Moscow</b>, so far comprising <i>The Empire of Time</i> (<b>2014</b>) and <i>The Ocean of Time</i> (<b>2015</b>), whose protagonist is a conflicted German agent caught up in a complex <a href="/entry/changewar">Changewar</a> between Germany and Russia, waged over several millennia with reality fluctuating as strategic <a href="/entry/jonbar_point">Jonbar Points</a> are seized via <a href="/entry/time_travel">Time Travel</a> and repurposed; <a href="/entry/time_paradoxes">Time Paradoxes</a> abound. The story is told with considerable energy. [JC/DRL]</p> <p><b>see also:</b> <a href="/entry/critical_and_historical_works_about_sf">Critical and Historical Works About SF</a>; <a href="/entry/definitions_of_sf">Definitions of SF</a>; <a href="/entry/gothic_sf">Gothic SF</a>; <a href="/entry/proto_sf">Proto SF</a>; <a href="/entry/vector">Vector</a>.</p> <h3 id="chklst">David John Wingrove</h3> <p><b>born</b> London: September 1954</p> <p><b>works</b></p> <p><input type="button" value="Alphabetical" class="button PNI" onclick="window.location.href='/chron.php?id=wingrove_david&abc'"> <input type="button" value="Chronological" class="button PNI" onclick="window.location.href='/chron.php?id=wingrove_david'"></p> <p><b>series</b></p> <p><b>Chung Kuo</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Middle+Kingdom&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Middle Kingdom</a></em> (London: New English Library, <b>1989</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Broken+Wheel&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Broken Wheel</a></em> (London: New English Library, <b>1990</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+White+Mountain&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The White Mountain</a></em> (London: New English Library, <b>1991</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/Mark Harrison]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Stone+Within&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Stone Within</a></em> (London: New English Library, <b>1992</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/Jim <a href="/entry/burns_jim">Burns</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Beneath+the+Tree+of+Heaven&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Beneath the Tree of Heaven</a></em> (London: New English Library, <b>1993</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/Jim <a href="/entry/burns_jim">Burns</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=White+Moon+Red+Dragon&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">White Moon, Red Dragon</a></em> (London: New English Library, <b>1994</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/Tim <a href="/entry/white_tim">White</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Days+of+Bitter+Strength&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Days of Bitter Strength</a></em> (London: Hodder and Stoughton, <b>1995</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/Mark Harrison]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Marriage+of+the+Living+Dark&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Marriage of the Living Dark</a></em> (London: Hodder and Stoughton, <b>1997</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo</b>: hb/Mark Harrison]</li> </ul> <p><b>Chung Kuo Two</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Son+of+Heaven&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Son of Heaven</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2011</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Daylight+on+Iron+Mountain&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Daylight on Iron Mountain</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2012</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Middle+Kingdom&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Middle Kingdom</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2012</b>) [reworking <em>The Middle Kingdom</em> above: <b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Ice+and+Fire&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Ice and Fire</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2012</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Art+of+War&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Art of War</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2013</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=An+Inch+of+Ashes&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">An Inch of Ashes</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2013</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Broken+Wheel&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Broken Wheel</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2013</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+White+Mountain&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The White Mountain</a></em> (London: Corvus, <b>2014</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: hb/Larry <a href="/entry/rostant_larry">Rostant</a>]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Monsters+of+the+Deep&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Monsters of the Deep</a></em> (London: Fragile Books, <b>2017</b>) [<b>Chung Kuo Two</b>: pb/Jim <a href="/entry/burns_jim">Burns</a>]</li> </ul> <p><b>Myst</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Myst+The+Book+of+Atrus&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Myst: The Book of Atrus</a></em> (New York: Hyperion, <b>1995</b>) with Rand Miller and Robyn Miller [tie to the game universe: <b>Myst</b>: hb/]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Myst+The+Book+of+TiAna&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Myst: The Book of Ti'Ana</a></em> (New York: Hyperion, <b>1996</b>) with Rand Miller [tie to the game universe: <b>Myst</b>: hb/]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Myst+The+Book+of+Dni&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Myst: The Book of D'ni</a></em> (New York: Hyperion, <b>1997</b>) with Rand Miller [tie to the game universe: <b>Myst</b>: hb/] <ul class="x"> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Myst+Reader&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Myst Reader</a></em> (New York: Hyperion, <b>2004</b>) with Rand Miller and Robyn Miller [omni of the above three: tie to the game universe: <b>Myst</b>: hb/]</li> </ul></li> </ul> <p><b>Roads to Moscow</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Empire+of+Time&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Empire of Time</a></em> (London: Del Rey, <b>2014</b>) [<b>Roads to Moscow</b>: pb/]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Ocean+of+Time&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Ocean of Time</a></em> (London: Del Rey, <b>2015</b>) [<b>Roads to Moscow</b>: pb/headdesign]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Master&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Master</a></em> (London: Del Rey, <b>2017</b>) [<b>Roads to Moscow</b>: pb/]</li> </ul> <p><b>nonfiction</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Immortals+of+Science+Fiction&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Immortals of Science Fiction</a></em> (London: Pierrot Publishing, <b>1980</b>) [nonfiction: the publisher as named went bankrupt before release of book, of which many copies had been printed: hb/]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Apertures+A+Study+of+the+Writings+of+Brian+Aldiss&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Apertures: A Study of the Writings of Brian Aldiss</a></em> (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, <b>1984</b>) with Brian <a href="/entry/griffin_brian">Griffin</a> [nonfiction: hb/nonpictorial]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Science+Fiction+Film+Source+Book&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Science Fiction Film Source Book</a></em> (London: Longman, <b>1985</b>) [nonfiction: hb/Cherriwyn Magill and David Mallott]</li> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=Trillion+Year+Spree+The+History+of+Science&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">Trillion Year Spree: The History of Science Fiction</a></em> (London: Victor Gollancz, <b>1986</b>) with Brian <a href="/entry/aldiss_brian_w">Aldiss</a> [nonfiction: reworking and updating of Aldiss's <em>Billion Year Spree</em> (<b>1973</b>): hb/Peter Letts]</li> </ul> <p><b>works as editor: nonfiction</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li><em><a href="/sfeshop.php?field-keywords=The+Science+Fiction+Source+Book&field-author=Wingrove+David" class="link-amazon" target="_blank">The Science Fiction Source Book</a></em> (London: Longman, <b>1984</b>) [nonfiction: anth: hb/Roger Pring and Associates]</li> </ul> <p><b>about the author</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li>Vance Anderson. "Eye to Eye with David Wingrove: An Interview" (June 1992 <a href="/entry/science_fiction_eye">Science Fiction Eye</a> #10) [pp44-57: mag/]</li> </ul> <p><b>links</b></p> <ul class="x"> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?223">Internet Speculative Fiction Database</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/gallery.php?link=wingrove_david">Picture Gallery</a></li> </ul> <p><b>previous versions of this entry</b></p> <ul><li><a href='https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wingrove_david' target='_blank'>Internet Archive</a></li></ul><br /><br /></article></div> <div class="sideBarsWrapper"> <div class="sideBarsColsWrapper clearfix"> <div class="column sideBar12 clearfix"> <div class="columnForm"><aside id="blogFeed" class="widget"> <div class="content STeditorial clearfix"> <h2>Recently visited entries<span style="background:url(/images/thingSFE2.png) !important"></span></h2><ul style='width: 50%; float: left;'> </ul> <p align=center style="float:right; padding-top:20px; padding-bottom:20px;">ISSN 3049-7612<br /> <a href="/facts.php?id=logo"> <img src="/images/VitMan.gif" width=150 height=150 title="Click for larger version of this SFE logo"></a><br /> <b><a href="/donate.php"><img src="/images/Paypal-Donate.gif" WIDTH="92" HEIGHT="26" BORDER="0" /></a><br /><a href="/">Home/Welcome page</a></b></p><div style="margin-bottom:10px;"></div></div> </aside><aside id="blogFeed" class="widget"> <div class="content STeditorial clearfix"> <h2><i>SFE</i> Special Features<span></span></h2><p style="margin-top: 10px;"><input type="button" value="What’s New" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='/whatsnew.php'">  Latest entries; <a href="/updated.php">latest updates</a></p> <p style="line-height:1.6em;"><input type="button" value="In Memoriam" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='/timeline.php?rip'">  Recent deaths</p> <p style="line-height:1.6em;"><input type="button" value="On This Day" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='/today.php'">  Anniversaries; also <a href="/timeline.php">Timeline</a></p> <p style="line-height:1.6em;"><input type="button" value="Gallery" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='/gallery.php'">  <i>SFE</i> Picture Gallery; <a href="/gallery.php?list&new">What’s New</a></p> <p style="line-height:1.6em;"><input type="button" value="Shopping" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='/sfeshop.php'">  Affiliate settings</p> <p style="line-height:1.6em;"><input type="button" value="Random" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='/random.php'">  Show a random <i>SFE</i> entry</p> <p style="line-height:1.6em;"><input type="button" value="SFE Facts" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='/facts.php'">  Bar charts, awards and more</p> <p style="line-height:1.6em;"><input type="button" value="Entry Data" style="width: 150px !important;" class="button primary" onclick="window.location.href='https://sf-encyclopedia.com/incoming.php?entry=wingrove_david'">  Incoming links, who wrote it, etc</p> <p style="margin-bottom:15px;"><a href="/searching">Search help</a> | <a href="/rss.php" target="_blank">RSS feed</a> <img src="/static/img/external.gif"> | <a href="/fe/"><i>Encyclopedia of Fantasy</i></a> <img src="/static/img/external.gif"></p><div style="margin-bottom:10px;"></div></div> </aside><aside id="connect" class="widget"> <div class="content STeditorial clearfix"> <h2>Connect with <i>SFE</i> <span></span></h2> <ul> <li> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="/donate.php">Donate towards <i>SFE</i> expenses</a></h3> </li> <li> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="/contact.php">Send email feedback to the <i>SFE</i> editors</a></h3> </li> <li style=" display:none;"> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="https://twitter.com/john_clute" target="_blank">John Clute on Twitter [X]</a></h3> <a href="https://twitter.com/john_clute" class="twitter-follow-button">Follow @john_clute</a> <script src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </li> <li style=" display:none;"> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="https://twitter.com/sfencyclopedia" target="_blank"><i>SFE</i> on Twitter [X]</a></h3> <a href="https://twitter.com/sfencyclopedia" class="twitter-follow-button">Follow @sfencyclopedia</a> <script src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </li> <li> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Sf-Encyclopedia/138995776178949" target="_blank"><i>SFE</i> on Facebook</a></h3> </li> <li> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/john.clute.5" target="_blank">John Clute on Facebook</a></h3> </li> <li> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="https://bsky.app/profile/sfencyclopedia.bsky.social" target="_blank"><i>SFE</i> on BlueSky</a></h3> </li> <li> <h3 style="text-align: left !important;"><a href="https://mastodon.social/@SF_Encyclopedia" target="_blank"><i>SFE</i> on Mastodon</a></h3> </li> </ul> </div> </aside> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cookieConsent"> <div id="closeCookieConsent" onclick="hidepopup()">x</div> This website uses cookies.  <a href="/cookies" target="_blank">More information here</a>. <a class="cookieConsentOK" onclick="setcookie()">Accept Cookies</a> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function hidepopup() { document.cookie = "hidecookiepopup=yes; path=/"; // session only document.getElementById("cookieConsent").style.display = "none"; } function setcookie() { document.cookie = "cookiesOK=yes; max-age=31536000; path=/"; // 1 year document.getElementById("cookieConsent").style.display = "none"; } var cookiestring = document.cookie; // document.getElementById("connect").innerHTML = cookiestring; // TEST only if ( cookiestring.indexOf("cookiesOK=yes") == -1 ) { if ( cookiestring.indexOf("hidecookiepopup=yes") == -1 ) { document.getElementById("cookieConsent").style.display = "block"; } } </script> <div id="footer" style="background:#fff; padding: 5px;"> <footer id="globalFooter" class="clearfix"> <div id="credit">Website design by Ansible Editions </div> <div id="credit" style="float: left !important; padding-left:20px;">Site and <i>SFE</i> content © 2011-2024 John Clute & David Langford</div> </footer> </div> </div> </body></html>