Protecting just 1.2% of Earth’s land could save most-threatened species, says study

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class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden">Protecting just 1.2% of Earth’s land could save most-threatened species, says study</h1> </div> <div class="block block-entity-fieldnodefield-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field__item"> <img width="800" height="445" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/800x445/public/2024-06/DE%20-%20Copy%20-%20Copy_67.jpg?h=a5fa55ef&itok=hJ2tdqM7" /> </div> </div> <div class="block block-author"> <div class="author-info clearfix"><strong>27 06 2024</strong> | <span>10:42</span><span class="author"><a href="/el/author/patrick-greenfield" hreflang="el">Patrick Greenfield</a></span><span class="author-social"><ul><li><a class="icon icon-mail" href="mailto:?&Subject=Protecting just 1.2% of Earth’s land could save most-threatened species, says study"></a></li><li><a class="icon icon-linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.e-mc2.gr/el/news/protecting-just-12-earths-land-could-save-most-threatened-species-says-study"></a></li><li><a class="icon icon-facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.e-mc2.gr/el/news/protecting-just-12-earths-land-could-save-most-threatened-species-says-study"></a></li><li><a class="icon icon-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/home?status=https://www.e-mc2.gr/el/news/protecting-just-12-earths-land-could-save-most-threatened-species-says-study Protecting just 1.2% of Earth’s land could save most-threatened species, says study"></a></li></ul></span></div> </div> <div class="block block-entity-fieldnodebody"> <div class="field field--name-body field__item"><p>Protecting just 1.2% of the Earth’s surface for nature would be enough to prevent the extinction of the world’s most threatened species, according to a new study.</p> <p>Analysis published in the journal <a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/science/articles/10.3389/fsci.2024.1349350/full">Frontiers in Science</a> has found that the targeted expansion of protected areas on land would be enough to prevent the loss of thousands of the mammals, birds, amphibians and plants that are closest to disappearing.</p> <div id="sign-in-gate"><gu-island config="{"renderingTarget":"Web","darkModeAvailable":false,"updateLogoAdPartnerSwitch":true,"assetOrigin":"https://assets.guim.co.uk/"}" data-island-status="hydrated" deferuntil="visible" name="SignInGateSelector" priority="feature" props="{"contentType":"Article","sectionId":"environment","tags":[{"id":"environment/series/the-age-of-extinction","type":"Series","title":"The age of extinction"},{"id":"environment/conservation","type":"Keyword","title":"Conservation"},{"id":"environment/environment","type":"Keyword","title":"Environment"},{"id":"environment/national-parks","type":"Keyword","title":"National 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<p>From Argentina to Papua New Guinea, the team of researchers identified 16,825 sites that should be prioritised for conservation in the next five years to prevent imminent extinctions of animals and plants found nowhere else.</p> <p>Dr Eric Dinerstein, of the environmental organisation Resolve and lead author of the study, said the team were trying to identify the world’s rarest species with limited habitats, using the example of the peyote cactus, whose remaining range may be limited to small parts of the Chihuahuan desert in North America.</p> <p>“Most species on Earth are rare, meaning that species either have very narrow ranges or they occur at very low densities or both,” he said.</p> <p>This study is focused on how imminent extinctions can be averted, not on everything that would be needed to restore nature on Earth. Scientists say that more than expanding protected areas is needed to prevent the destruction of biodiversity and maintain ecosystems crucial to human societies. In 2020, the <a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abb2824">researchers identified half</a> of the Earth’s land surface that, if protected, would reverse biodiversity loss and enhance natural carbon removal.</p> <p>Of the sites identified, which the authors called “conservation imperatives”, 38% are within one and a half miles (2.5km) of an existing protected area, indicating that they could be potential quick wins. The <a data-component="auto-linked-tag" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/philippines">Philippines</a>, Brazil, Indonesia, Madagascar and Colombia were together home to more than half of the sites.</p> <p>In 2022, governments pledged to protect 30% of the planet for nature as part of the UN biodiversity targets, <a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/dec/19/cop15-historic-deal-signed-to-halt-biodiversity-loss-by-2030-aoe">among more than 20 aiming to halt the rampant loss of nature</a> around the world by the end of this decade. According to the UN, <a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.unep.org/resources/protected-planet-report-2020">16.6% of the world’s land surface and inland waters are protected</a>, and many governments are in the process of deciding where to expand conservation areas.</p> <p>However, the study found that governments were often failing to safeguard the biodiverse areas that were most urgently in need of protection. The authors estimated that just 7% of sites in new protected areas between 2018 and 2023 were home to the most threatened species.</p> <p>Dinerstein said: “Despite the recent talk of extinction, the biodiversity crisis and what we should be doing, only 7% of the new protected areas between 2018 and 2023 overlapped with the conservation imperative sites.</p> <p>“It’s almost as if countries are using a reverse-selection algorithm and picking the non-rare sites to add to the global areas under protection. The call to arms of this paper is that we have to be doing a much better job in the next five years and it is doable.”</p> <p>Protecting the key sites they identify would cost $29bn-$46bn (£23bn-£36bn) over the next five years, and cover 1.6m sq km (630,000 sq miles), the researchers said. It could be done through a combination of land purchases, expanding Indigenous rights and land titles, and creating protected areas on government-owned land.</p> <p>The study compared global data about mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and plants with existing protected areas, using satellite analysis to identify the remaining habitat for threatened species. Most of the areas identified for urgent protection were in the tropics but grasslands, temperate broadleaf forests and tundra were also identified.</p> <p>Prof Neil Burgess, who is chief scientist at the UN Environment Programme’s World <a data-component="auto-linked-tag" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/conservation">Conservation</a> Monitoring Centre, which is responsible for monitoring global progress on expanding protected areas, said the research was a useful proposal for immediate action on extinctions.</p> <p>The paper, said Burgess, was an important reminder “that achieving 30% coverage by protected and conserved areas on its own is not enough, and that it is the location, quality and effectiveness of these protected and conserved areas that will determine whether they fulfil their role in contributing to halting biodiversity loss.”</p> <p><img alt="c" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="2ce02b10-8433-4ecb-bd71-744b2ff09c86" 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Protecting just 1.2% of Earth’s land could save most-threatened species, says study | e-mc2.gr