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According to Malaysia’s PPP Guideline, one of the key feature or characteristics is to optimal sharing" /> <title>(PDF) RISK ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT A REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS | Nur Alkaf Abd Karim - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '9387f500ddcbb8d05c67bef28a2fe0334f1aafb8'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1733049650000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1733049650000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"It is important for the public and private sectors to establish effective risk allocation strategies for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. According to Malaysia’s PPP Guideline, one of the key feature or characteristics is to optimal sharing of risk whereby risk is allocated to the party who is the best able to manage. This mean that in PPP itself, it emphasis risk allocation in construction project. This paper presents on reviewing the risk factors of PPP construction project by mapping previous research works on PPP project around the world. The matrix of the mapping gives the frequency of factors that are considered the risk allocation of PPP project. The risk factors are clustered into 10 groups namely: Political, Construction, Legal, Economic, Operation, Market, Project selection, Project finance, Relationship and Natural factor. Result shows that the highest score frequency factors are change in law, delay in project approvals \u0026amp;amp; permits and land acquisition. By knowing the risk factors gives better understanding in allocating them to parties/stakeholders involved.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Nur Alkaf Abd Karim"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2012-02-08","dateModified":"2024-11-29","datePublished":null,"headline":"RISK ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT A REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS","inLanguage":"en","keywords":[],"locationCreated":null,"publication":null,"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"uthm"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-102fa537001ba4d8dcd921ad9bd56c474abc201906ea4843e7e7efe9dfbf561d.css" /><link 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F1361033%2FRISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F1361033%2FRISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":8462776,"identifier":"Attachment_8462776","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":1361033,"created_at":"2012-02-08T10:58:31.006-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2024-11-29T00:00:28.716-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"It is important for the public and private sectors to establish effective risk allocation strategies for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. According to Malaysia’s PPP Guideline, one of the key feature or characteristics is to optimal sharing of risk whereby risk is allocated to the party who is the best able to manage. This mean that in PPP itself, it emphasis risk allocation in construction project. This paper presents on reviewing the risk factors of PPP construction project by mapping previous research works on PPP project around the world. The matrix of the mapping gives the frequency of factors that are considered the risk allocation of PPP project. The risk factors are clustered into 10 groups namely: Political, Construction, Legal, Economic, Operation, Market, Project selection, Project finance, Relationship and Natural factor. Result shows that the highest score frequency factors are change in law, delay in project approvals \u0026 permits and land acquisition. By knowing the risk factors gives better understanding in allocating them to parties/stakeholders involved. ","ai_title_tag":"Reviewing Risk Allocation in PPP Construction Projects"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":5,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"RISK ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT A REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [647165]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":8462776,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “RISK ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT A REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/8462776/mini_magick20180818-9793-15q4pnz.png?1534589067" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">RISK ALLOCATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT A REVIEW ON RISK FACTORS</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="647165" href="https://uthm.academia.edu/NurAlkafAbdKarim"><img alt="Profile image of Nur Alkaf Abd Karim" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Nur Alkaf Abd Karim</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">It is important for the public and private sectors to establish effective risk allocation strategies for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. According to Malaysia’s PPP Guideline, one of the key feature or characteristics is to optimal sharing of risk whereby risk is allocated to the party who is the best able to manage. This mean that in PPP itself, it emphasis risk allocation in construction project. This paper presents on reviewing the risk factors of PPP construction project by mapping previous research works on PPP project around the world. The matrix of the mapping gives the frequency of factors that are considered the risk allocation of PPP project. The risk factors are clustered into 10 groups namely: Political, Construction, Legal, Economic, Operation, Market, Project selection, Project finance, Relationship and Natural factor. Result shows that the highest score frequency factors are change in law, delay in project approvals & permits and land acquisition. By knowing the risk factors gives better understanding in allocating them to parties/stakeholders involved. </p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":8462776,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":8462776,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="8462776" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/1361033/RISK_ALLOCATION_IN_PUBLIC_PRIVATE_PARTNERSHIP_PPP_PROJECT_A_REVIEW_ON_RISK_FACTORS" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="10530950" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10530950/Risk_Identification_and_Assessment_in_Malaysian_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects">Risk Identification and Assessment in Malaysian Public Private Partnership Projects </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2608281" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/AlirezaValipour">Alireza Valipour</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="304132" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/NordinYahaya">Nordin Yahaya</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In the past two decades, public private partnership has been one of the prevailing ways for the development of infrastructures in Malaysia. However, it involves many risks and uncertainties due to a large amount of investment and long concession period. It is very important to recognize and find out the ways to cope with the critical risks that are related to the investments made in PPP projects for the foreign investors. The aim of this article is risk ranking associated with the PPP projects using risk matrix. First, the paper reviews the current literature, consultation and a written survey distributed to the panel of experts to identify common risks in PPP projects . The risks identified from the literature were classified according to the type of risk. From the results, it was found that the critical risks associated with the PPP projects include the third party tort liability, interest rate volatility, construction cost overrun and the change in law. This research study is supposed to provide awareness and highlight the management of the risks associated with the PPP risks in Malaysia.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk Identification and Assessment in Malaysian Public Private Partnership Projects ","attachmentId":36523789,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10530950/Risk_Identification_and_Assessment_in_Malaysian_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10530950/Risk_Identification_and_Assessment_in_Malaysian_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="10530784" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10530784/Risk_Ranking_of_Malaysian_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects">Risk Ranking of Malaysian Public Private Partnership Projects</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2608281" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/AlirezaValipour">Alireza Valipour</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="304132" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/NordinYahaya">Nordin Yahaya</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In the past two decades, public private partnership (PPP) has been one of the prevailing ways for the development of infrastructure in Malaysia. However, it involves many risks and uncertainties due to large investments and a long concession period. It is very important to recognize and find out ways to cope with the critical risks that are related to the investments made in PPP projects by foreign investors. The aim of this article is to risk ranking associated with PPP projects using a risk matrix. The papers carries out literature review, consultation and questionnaire survey (among a panel of experts) to identify common risks in PPP projects. The risks identified from the literature were classified according to the type of risk. 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js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="11290860" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11290860/Assessment_of_Risk_Allocation_Criteria_in_Malaysian_PPP_Projects">Assessment of Risk Allocation Criteria in Malaysian PPP Projects</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="722948" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/HadiSarvari">Hadi Sarvari</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Assessment of Risk Allocation Criteria in Malaysian PPP Projects","attachmentId":46770090,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11290860/Assessment_of_Risk_Allocation_Criteria_in_Malaysian_PPP_Projects","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11290860/Assessment_of_Risk_Allocation_Criteria_in_Malaysian_PPP_Projects"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="27437970" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27437970/Risk_Management_in_PPP_Project_at_Construction_Companies_in_India">Risk Management in PPP Project at Construction Companies in India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14715764" href="https://ramjimmakwana.academia.edu/ijirstjournal">IJIRST - International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Construction projects are experiencing several problems, these are related tonon-standard demonstrate financing in country. During and after modulation period, unexploited duration, insufficient but before all obsolete public private partnership project in India became an requisite problem for further development of main economic resources like as (transportation resources, agriculture resources, mining resources, tourism resources etc.). The Public project partnership network is requirement for the development of different sphere (gumption, agriculture area, industry and commerce etc.). The risk analysis of potential elements, throughout the processes from command to operational public private partnership projects, is one of the most important elements to expand profit and functionality in Indian industries or firms, and the educated country infrastructure construction and public private partnership, while solving potential problems that may create. Much of the risk of a PPP project creates from the complexness of financing, taxation, law regulative, acquired technical certification and construction process involved in a major construction venture. Main risks, their study and management on public private partnership projects are elaborate in this paper. After risk analysis, risk management model are represent for solving risks on PPP projects in India. To investigate critical risks associated with Build Operate Transfer projects in India is main purpose of this paper.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk Management in PPP Project at Construction Companies in India","attachmentId":47695393,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27437970/Risk_Management_in_PPP_Project_at_Construction_Companies_in_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/27437970/Risk_Management_in_PPP_Project_at_Construction_Companies_in_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="87274157" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87274157/Risk_assessment_framework_of_PPP_megaprojects_focusing_on_risk_interaction_and_project_success">Risk assessment framework of PPP-megaprojects focusing on risk interaction and project success</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="172071365" href="https://tehran.academia.edu/GholamrezaHeravi">Gholamreza Heravi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk assessment framework of PPP-megaprojects focusing on risk interaction and project success","attachmentId":91529615,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87274157/Risk_assessment_framework_of_PPP_megaprojects_focusing_on_risk_interaction_and_project_success","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87274157/Risk_assessment_framework_of_PPP_megaprojects_focusing_on_risk_interaction_and_project_success"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="35011564" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35011564/A_research_framework_for_effective_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_PPP_infrastructure_projects_in_Pakistan">A research framework for effective risk management in public-private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects in Pakistan</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1024741" href="https://nust.academia.edu/HafizZahoor">Hafiz Zahoor</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53808836" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlbertChan15">Albert Chan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">13th International Postgraduate Research Conference (IPGRC 2017), University of Salford, Manchester UK, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are being heralded as a potentially promising alternative to overcome the chronic inefficiencies which characterize the traditional public infrastructure delivery and shortage of development budgets to meet increasing demands for public services. However, such arrangements present their own set of challenges which are primarily attributable to the complex organizational structures and long duration of underlying contractual relationships. In particular, the need for effective risk management becomes all the more important to ensure a successful project and a lapse in this domain is known to deliver disastrous outcomes. Pakistan, a developing country with a large population, abundant natural resources and geopolitical significance, boasts all the drivers to promote and benefit from PPPs. It also harbors elements that expose the stakeholders to significant risks. Therefore, a research framework is developed to identify critical risks, determine risk allocation practices, develop robust models for efficient project risk assessment and allocation, and determine measures to ensure efficient risk management on future PPP projects. Existing literature is reviewed and summarized to determine the significance, drivers, barriers, and risk management characteristics of infrastructure PPPs in the Pakistani context. In addition, results of the preliminary interviews with experts have uncovered multiple lifecycle risks and suggest immature and unsystematic risk management practices, which subsequently inform the development of the research framework.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A research framework for effective risk management in public-private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects in Pakistan","attachmentId":54875746,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35011564/A_research_framework_for_effective_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_PPP_infrastructure_projects_in_Pakistan","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35011564/A_research_framework_for_effective_risk_management_in_public_private_partnership_PPP_infrastructure_projects_in_Pakistan"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="88262786" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88262786/Risks_in_Public_and_Private_Partnership_Projects_Identification_and_Prioritization">Risks in Public and Private Partnership Projects -Identification and Prioritization</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31493941" href="https://irjet.academia.edu/IRJET">IRJET Journal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IRJET, 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Infrastructure is an important sector which contributes to the growth of overall development of the nation. Recently, Public Private Partnerships (PPP) has become the key factor to facilitate this development. Due to long concession periods and large investments, the risk management plays a crucial role in these types of projects. This thesis deals with the risk quantification and risk allocation of PPP projects using a fuzzy based questionnaire survey. Fuzzy logic can express and handle vague or imprecise judgments mathematically and therefore can effectively deal with errors due to human subjectivity. 20 risk factors in PPP projects are summarized from a comprehensive literature review. Interdependencies among the main risk factors affecting PPP projects are assessed using fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. Sub risk factors are prioritized using a fuzzy hybrid method involving fuzzy Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The obtained results have shown that approvals and permits, construction cost overrun, construction time overrun and land acquisition risks are the key risks affecting PPP projects.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risks in Public and Private Partnership Projects -Identification and Prioritization","attachmentId":92268737,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88262786/Risks_in_Public_and_Private_Partnership_Projects_Identification_and_Prioritization","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88262786/Risks_in_Public_and_Private_Partnership_Projects_Identification_and_Prioritization"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="53047670" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53047670/Risk_Allocation_in_Public_Private_Partnership_Infrastructure_Projects_Comparative_Study">Risk Allocation in Public-Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects: Comparative Study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="54086299" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%88%E6%B8%85">Shou Qing Wang</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk Allocation in Public-Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects: Comparative Study","attachmentId":70015226,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53047670/Risk_Allocation_in_Public_Private_Partnership_Infrastructure_Projects_Comparative_Study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/53047670/Risk_Allocation_in_Public_Private_Partnership_Infrastructure_Projects_Comparative_Study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="53047672" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53047672/Empirical_Study_of_Risk_Assessment_and_Allocation_of_Public_Private_Partnership_Projects_in_China">Empirical Study of Risk Assessment and Allocation of Public-Private Partnership Projects in China</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="54086299" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%88%E6%B8%85">Shou Qing Wang</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Management in Engineering, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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