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Bank for International Settlements
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class="menuintro_inner"><div> <h3><a class="menuintro" href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/stability.htm">Committees & associations</a></h3> </div> <div><a class="menuintro" href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/stability.htm"> <p>The BIS hosts nine international organisations engaged in standard setting and the pursuit of financial stability through the Basel Process.</p> <br/> <div class="arrowlink">Read more about BIS committees & associations<span class="icon icon-chevron-right arrowlink-arrow"></span></div> <br/><img src="/web/20200729162207im_/https://www.bis.org/img/menus/menu1-committees.jpg"/></a></div></div></div> <ul class="menu lvl2"> <li class=" lifirst"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/stability.htm?m=3%7C45"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">About committees and associations</div></div></a> </li> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/bcbs/index.htm?m=3%7C14"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Basel 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href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/bcbs/implementation/rcap_reports.htm?m=3%7C14%7C656%7C59"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">RCAP on timeliness: monitoring reports</div></div></a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/bcbs/implementation/rcap_jurisdictional.htm?m=3%7C14%7C656%7C60"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">RCAP on consistency: jurisdictional assessments</div></div></a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/bcbs/implementation/rcap_thematic.htm?m=3%7C14%7C656%7C61"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">RCAP on outcomes: thematic assessments</div></div></a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/bcbs/implementation/rcap_other.htm?m=3%7C14%7C656%7C62"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Other activity related to implementation</div></div></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/index.htm?m=3%7C14%7C697"><div 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href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cgfs/index.htm?m=3%7C15"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Committee on the Global Financial System</div><div class="licaret"></div></div></a> <ul class="menu lvl3"> <li class=" lifirst"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cgfs/index.htm?m=3%7C15%7C626"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">About the CGFS</div></div></a> </li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/about/factcgfs.htm?m=3%7C15%7C82"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Fact sheet</div></div></a> </li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cgfs/mandate.htm?m=3%7C15%7C81"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Mandate</div></div></a> </li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/list/cgfs/index.htm?m=3%7C15%7C569"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Publications</div></div></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cpmi/about/overview.htm?m=3%7C16"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures</div><div class="licaret"></div></div></a> <ul class="menu lvl3"> <li class=" lifirst"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cpmi/about/overview.htm?m=3%7C16%7C691"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Overview</div></div></a> </li> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cpmi/about.htm?m=3%7C16%7C29"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">About the CPMI</div></div></a> <ul class="menu lvl4"> <li class="lifirst"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cpmi/about.htm?m=3%7C16%7C29%7C79"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Overview</div></div></a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/cpmi/charter.htm?m=3%7C16%7C29%7C63"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Charter</div></div></a></li> <li class=""><a 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class="litxt">Glossary</div></div></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/about/factmktc.htm?m=3%7C332"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Markets Committee</div><div class="licaret"></div></div></a> <ul class="menu lvl3"> <li class=" lifirst"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/about/factmktc.htm?m=3%7C332%7C630"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">About the Markets Committee</div></div></a> </li> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/about/factmktc/fx_global_code.htm?m=3%7C332%7C694"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">FX Global Code</div></div></a> <ul class="menu lvl4"> <li class="lifirst"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/about/factmktc/fx_global_code.htm?m=3%7C332%7C694%7C81"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">About FX Global Code</div></div></a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/about/factmktc/fxwg.htm?m=3%7C332%7C694%7C82"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">FX Working Group</div></div></a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/about/factmktc/cbregister.htm?m=3%7C332%7C694%7C83"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Central Bank Register</div></div></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/ifc/index.htm?m=3%7C46"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Irving Fisher Committee</div><div class="licaret"></div></div></a> <ul class="menu lvl3"> <li class=" lifirst"><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/ifc/index.htm?m=3%7C46%7C628"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">About the IFC</div></div></a> </li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20200729162207/https://www.bis.org/ifc/factsheet.htm?m=3%7C46%7C91"><div class="liblk"><div class="litxt">Fact sheet</div></div></a> </li> <li class=""><a 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