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0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Third-party plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may rely excessively on sources <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">too closely associated with the subject</a></b>, potentially preventing the article from being <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifiable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_Union_Global_Strategy&action=edit">improve it</a> by replacing them with more appropriate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_independent_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources">reliable, independent, third-party sources</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Global strategy for the foreign and security policy of the European Union</b>, for short the <b>European Union Global Strategy</b> (<b>EUGS</b>), is the updated doctrine of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> to improve the effectiveness of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">defence and security of the Union</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">members states</a>, the protection of civilians, cooperation between the member states' armed forces, management of immigration, crises etc. Adopted on 28 June 2016,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> it replaces the <a href="/wiki/European_Security_Strategy" title="European Security Strategy">European Security Strategy</a> of 2003. </p><p>The EUGS is complemented by a document titled <i>Implementation Plan on Security and Defense</i> (IPSD).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The concept of <a href="/wiki/Strategic_autonomy" title="Strategic autonomy">strategic autonomy</a> forms part of the European Union Global Strategy. It refers to the ability of the European Union to defend Europe and act militarily in its neighborhood without so much reliance on the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The idea behind strategic autonomy in so far as it informs the European Global Strategy is that Europeans collectively have the capability and the will to stand up for themselves from a security and defense perspective.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (November 2022)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Union_Global_Strategy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFErlanger2020" class="citation magazine cs1">Erlanger, Steven (May 23, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/23/world/europe/defense-autonomy-europe-coronavirus.html">"European Defense and 'Strategic Autonomy' Are Also Coronavirus Victims"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=European+Defense+and+%27Strategic+Autonomy%27+Are+Also+Coronavirus+Victims&rft.date=2020-05-23&rft.aulast=Erlanger&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F05%2F23%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fdefense-autonomy-europe-coronavirus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+Union+Global+Strategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euscream.com/europe-on-a-power-trip-transcript/">"Europe on a Power Trip - Transcript"</a>. EU Scream. November 9, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Europe+on+a+Power+Trip+-+Transcript&rft.pub=EU+Scream&rft.date=2020-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuscream.com%2Feurope-on-a-power-trip-transcript%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+Union+Global+Strategy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Union_Global_Strategy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Compass_for_Security_and_Defence" title="Strategic Compass for Security and Defence">Strategic Compass for Security and Defence</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 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title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_General_of_the_European_Union_Military_Staff" title="Director General of the European Union Military Staff">Director General of the Military Staff/Director of the Military Planning and Conduct Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Civilian_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability">Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_European_Union_Military_Committee" title="Chairman of the European Union Military Committee">Chairman of the Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Foreign Affairs Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Structure of the Common Security and Defence Policy">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_External_Action_Service" title="European External Action Service">External Action Service</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Command structure on the civilian/military strategic and operational levels (<a href="/wiki/Military_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Military Planning and Conduct Capability">Military Planning and Conduct Capability</a> within the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Staff" title="European Union Military Staff">Military Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civilian_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability">Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Support_Coordination_Cell" title="Joint Support Coordination Cell">Joint Support Coordination Cell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Intelligence_and_Situation_Centre" title="European Union Intelligence and Situation Centre">Intelligence and Situation Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Club_de_Berne" title="Club de Berne">Club de Berne</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_Management_and_Planning_Directorate_(European_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crisis Management and Planning Directorate (European Union)">Crisis Management and Planning Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Security_and_Defence_College" title="European Security and Defence College">Security & Defence College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/Agencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Agencies of the European Union">Agencies</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Agency" title="European Defence Agency">Defence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Institute_for_Security_Studies" title="European Union Institute for Security Studies">Institute for Security Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Satellite_Centre" title="European Union Satellite Centre">Satellite Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Council</a> preparatory bodies</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Permanent_Representatives" title="Committee of Permanent Representatives">Committee of Permanent Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politico-Military_Group" title="Politico-Military Group">Politico-Military Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Committee" title="European Union Military Committee">Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Civilian_Aspects_of_Crisis_Management" title="Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management">Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> bodies</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Defence_Industry_and_Space" title="Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space">Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b>Funding</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Fund" title="European Defence Fund">Defence Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Security_Strategy" title="European Security Strategy">Security Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_but_Arms" title="Everything but Arms">Everything but Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Annual_Review_on_Defence" title="Coordinated Annual Review on Defence">Annual Review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo navigation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Secure_Software-defined_Radio" title="European Secure Software-defined Radio">Secure Software-defined Radio</a> (PESCO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Decorations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_Service_Medal" title="Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal">Service medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_Service_Medal" title="Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal">Medal for Extraordinary Meritorious Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Community_Monitor_Mission_Medal" title="European Community Monitor Mission Medal">Monitor mission medal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Structured_Cooperation" title="Permanent Structured Cooperation">Permanent Structured Cooperation</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headline_Goal_2010" title="Headline Goal 2010">Headline Goal 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Erasmus" title="Military Erasmus">Military Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Mobility" title="Military Mobility">Military Mobility</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_European_Union_Intelligence_School" title="Joint European Union Intelligence School">Intelligence School</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortenberg_building" title="Kortenberg building">Kortenberg building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">NATO relations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Berlin_Plus_agreement" title="Berlin Plus agreement">Berlin Plus agreement</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joint_Declaration_on_EU-NATO_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joint Declaration on EU-NATO Cooperation (page does not exist)">Joint Declaration</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Founding_treaties_of_the_European_Communities_(1951–1993)_and_Union_(since_1993)_and_related_political_documents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EU_treaties_and_declarations" title="Template:EU treaties and declarations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EU_treaties_and_declarations" title="Template talk:EU treaties and declarations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EU_treaties_and_declarations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EU treaties and declarations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Founding_treaties_of_the_European_Communities_(1951–1993)_and_Union_(since_1993)_and_related_political_documents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Founding treaties</a> of the European <a href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">Communities</a> (1951–1993) and <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">Union</a> (since 1993) and related political documents</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Founding treaties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Consolidated versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Functioning_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union">Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_European_Union" title="Treaty on European Union">Treaty on European Union</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euratom_Treaty" title="Euratom Treaty">Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community</a> (1957)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Amendments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">In force</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_and_Paris_Conferences" title="London and Paris Conferences">Paris</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Rome</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_association_of_the_Netherlands_Antilles_with_the_European_Economic_Community" title="Convention on the association of the Netherlands Antilles with the European Economic Community">Netherlands Antilles Association Convention</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merger_Treaty" title="Merger Treaty">Merger</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgetary_treaties_of_the_European_Communities" title="Budgetary treaties of the European Communities">First Budgetary Treaty</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgetary_treaties_of_the_European_Communities" title="Budgetary treaties of the European Communities">Second Budgetary Treaty</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_European_Act" title="Single European Act">Single European Act</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Treaty" title="Maastricht Treaty">Maastricht</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amsterdam" title="Treaty of Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nice" title="Treaty of Nice">Nice</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Lisbon</a> (2007)</li> <li>Protocol 36 (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism#Treaty_basis" title="European Stability Mechanism">Article 136</a> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Unratified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_United_Kingdom_renegotiation_of_European_Union_membership" title="2015–2016 United Kingdom renegotiation of European Union membership">Renegotiation of UK membership</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Changes in membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Accession</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1972" title="Treaty of Accession 1972">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1979" title="Treaty of Accession 1979">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1985" title="Treaty of Accession 1985">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1994" title="Treaty of Accession 1994">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2005" title="Treaty of Accession 2005">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2011" title="Treaty of Accession 2011">2011</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Secession</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" title="Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities">Greenland (1984)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement">United Kingdom (“Brexit” 2020)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Unratified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_the_European_Defence_Community" title="Treaty establishing the European Defence Community">Treaty establishing the European Defence Community</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community_(1952)" title="European Political Community (1952)">Treaty establishing the European Political Community</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_a_Constitution_for_Europe" title="Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe">Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe</a> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Expired or terminated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brussels" title="Treaty of Brussels">Brussels</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Union_(alliance)" title="Western Union (alliance)">Western Union</a>, 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brussels#Modification" title="Treaty of Brussels">Modified Brussels</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_European_Union" title="Western European Union">Western European Union</a>, 1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1951)" title="Treaty of Paris (1951)">Paris</a> (European Coal and Steel Community, 1951)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related political documents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schuman_Declaration" title="Schuman Declaration">Schuman Declaration</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_Declaration" title="Europe Declaration">Europe Declaration</a> (1951)</li> <li>Declarations at the <a href="/wiki/London_and_Paris_Conferences" title="London and Paris Conferences">London and Paris Conferences</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benelux_memorandum" title="Benelux memorandum">Benelux memorandum</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaak_Report" title="Spaak Report">Spaak Report</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouchet_Plan" title="Fouchet Plan">Fouchet Plan</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davignon_report" title="Davignon report">Davignon report</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Copenhagen_report&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copenhagen report (page does not exist)">Copenhagen report</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_report&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="London report (page does not exist)">London report</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Declaration_on_European_Union" title="Solemn Declaration on European Union">Solemn Declaration</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Declaration" title="Rome Declaration">Rome Declaration</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Agreement" title="Schengen Agreement">Schengen Agreement</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Convention</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petersberg_Declaration" title="Petersberg Declaration">Petersberg Declaration</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Malo_declaration" title="Saint-Malo declaration">Saint-Malo declaration</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_acquis" title="Schengen acquis">Schengen acquis of the EU</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bologna_declaration" title="Bologna declaration">Bologna declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union" title="Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union">Charter of Fundamental Rights</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PFI_Convention" title="PFI Convention">PFI Convention</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seville_Declarations_on_the_Treaty_of_Nice" title="Seville Declarations on the Treaty of Nice">Seville Declarations</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%BCm_Convention" title="Prüm Convention">Prüm Convention</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Declaration_(2007)" title="Berlin Declaration (2007)">Berlin Declaration</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_the_European_Stability_Mechanism" title="Treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Fiscal_Compact" title="European Fiscal Compact">European Fiscal Compact</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Patent_Court" title="Unified Patent Court">Agreement on a Unified Patent Court</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_Resolution_Mechanism" title="Single Resolution Mechanism">Single Resolution Fund Agreement</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Declaration_(European_Union)" title="Malta Declaration (European Union)">Malta Declaration</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versailles_declaration" title="Versailles declaration">Versailles declaration</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union Portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output 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