MDPI - Publisher of Open Access Journals

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<option value="biosensors" > Biosensors </option> <option value="biotech" > BioTech </option> <option value="birds" > Birds </option> <option value="blockchains" > Blockchains </option> <option value="brainsci" > Brain Sciences </option> <option value="buildings" > Buildings </option> <option value="businesses" > Businesses </option> <option value="carbon" > C </option> <option value="cancers" > Cancers </option> <option value="cardiogenetics" > Cardiogenetics </option> <option value="catalysts" > Catalysts </option> <option value="cells" > Cells </option> <option value="ceramics" > Ceramics </option> <option value="challenges" > Challenges </option> <option value="ChemEngineering" > ChemEngineering </option> <option value="chemistry" > Chemistry </option> <option value="chemproc" > Chemistry Proceedings </option> <option value="chemosensors" > Chemosensors </option> <option value="children" > Children </option> <option value="chips" > Chips </option> <option value="civileng" > CivilEng </option> <option value="cleantechnol" > Clean Technologies (Clean Technol.) </option> <option value="climate" > Climate </option> <option value="ctn" > Clinical and Translational Neuroscience (CTN) </option> <option value="clinbioenerg" > Clinical Bioenergetics </option> <option value="clinpract" > Clinics and Practice </option> <option value="clockssleep" > Clocks & Sleep </option> <option value="coasts" > Coasts </option> <option value="coatings" > Coatings </option> <option value="colloids" > Colloids and Interfaces </option> <option value="colorants" > Colorants </option> <option value="commodities" > Commodities </option> <option value="complications" > Complications </option> <option value="compounds" > Compounds </option> <option value="computation" > Computation </option> <option value="csmf" > Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum </option> <option value="computers" > Computers </option> <option value="condensedmatter" > Condensed Matter </option> <option value="conservation" > Conservation </option> <option value="constrmater" > Construction Materials </option> <option value="cmd" > Corrosion and Materials Degradation (CMD) </option> <option value="cosmetics" > Cosmetics </option> <option value="covid" > COVID </option> <option value="crops" > Crops </option> <option value="cryo" > Cryo </option> <option value="cryptography" > Cryptography </option> <option value="crystals" > Crystals </option> <option value="cimb" > Current Issues in Molecular Biology (CIMB) </option> <option value="curroncol" > Current Oncology </option> <option value="dairy" > Dairy </option> <option value="data" > Data </option> <option value="dentistry" > Dentistry Journal </option> <option value="dermato" > Dermato </option> <option value="dermatopathology" > Dermatopathology </option> <option value="designs" > Designs </option> <option value="diabetology" > Diabetology </option> <option value="diagnostics" > Diagnostics </option> <option value="dietetics" > Dietetics </option> <option value="digital" > Digital </option> <option value="disabilities" > Disabilities </option> <option value="diseases" > Diseases </option> <option value="diversity" > Diversity </option> <option value="dna" > DNA </option> <option value="drones" > Drones </option> <option value="ddc" > Drugs and Drug Candidates (DDC) </option> <option value="dynamics" > Dynamics </option> <option value="earth" > Earth </option> <option value="ecologies" > Ecologies </option> <option value="econometrics" > Econometrics </option> <option value="economies" > Economies </option> <option value="education" > Education Sciences </option> <option value="electricity" > Electricity </option> <option value="electrochem" > Electrochem </option> <option value="electronicmat" > Electronic Materials </option> <option value="electronics" > Electronics </option> <option value="ecm" > Emergency Care and Medicine </option> <option value="encyclopedia" > Encyclopedia </option> <option value="endocrines" > Endocrines </option> <option value="energies" > Energies </option> <option value="esa" > Energy Storage and Applications (ESA) </option> <option value="eng" > Eng </option> <option value="engproc" > Engineering Proceedings </option> <option value="entropy" > Entropy </option> <option value="environsciproc" > Environmental Sciences Proceedings </option> <option value="environments" > Environments </option> <option value="epidemiologia" > Epidemiologia </option> <option value="epigenomes" > Epigenomes </option> <option value="ebj" > European Burn Journal (EBJ) </option> <option value="ejihpe" > European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE) </option> <option value="fermentation" > Fermentation </option> <option value="fibers" > Fibers </option> <option value="fintech" > FinTech </option> <option value="fire" > Fire </option> <option value="fishes" > Fishes </option> <option value="fluids" > Fluids </option> <option value="foods" > Foods </option> <option value="forecasting" > Forecasting </option> <option value="forensicsci" > Forensic Sciences </option> <option value="forests" > Forests </option> <option value="fossstud" > Fossil Studies </option> <option value="foundations" > Foundations </option> <option value="fractalfract" > Fractal and Fractional (Fractal Fract) </option> <option value="fuels" > Fuels </option> <option value="future" > Future </option> <option value="futureinternet" > Future Internet </option> <option value="futurepharmacol" > Future Pharmacology </option> <option value="futuretransp" > Future Transportation </option> <option value="galaxies" > Galaxies </option> <option value="games" > Games </option> <option value="gases" > Gases </option> <option value="gastroent" > Gastroenterology Insights </option> <option value="gastrointestdisord" > Gastrointestinal Disorders </option> <option value="gastronomy" > Gastronomy </option> <option value="gels" > Gels </option> <option value="genealogy" > Genealogy </option> <option value="genes" > Genes </option> <option value="geographies" > Geographies </option> <option value="geohazards" > GeoHazards </option> <option value="geomatics" > Geomatics </option> <option value="geometry" > Geometry </option> <option value="geosciences" > Geosciences </option> <option value="geotechnics" > Geotechnics </option> <option value="geriatrics" > Geriatrics </option> <option value="glacies" > Glacies </option> <option value="gucdd" > Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease (GUCDD) </option> <option value="grasses" > Grasses </option> <option value="hardware" > Hardware </option> <option value="healthcare" > Healthcare </option> <option value="hearts" > Hearts </option> <option value="hemato" > Hemato </option> <option value="hematolrep" > Hematology Reports </option> <option value="heritage" > Heritage </option> <option value="histories" > Histories </option> <option value="horticulturae" > Horticulturae </option> <option value="hospitals" > Hospitals </option> <option value="humanities" > Humanities </option> <option value="humans" > Humans </option> <option value="hydrobiology" > Hydrobiology </option> <option value="hydrogen" > Hydrogen </option> <option value="hydrology" > Hydrology </option> <option value="hygiene" > Hygiene </option> <option value="immuno" > Immuno </option> <option value="idr" > Infectious Disease Reports </option> <option value="informatics" > Informatics </option> <option value="information" > Information </option> <option value="infrastructures" > Infrastructures </option> <option value="inorganics" > Inorganics </option> <option value="insects" > Insects </option> <option value="instruments" > Instruments </option> <option value="iic" > Intelligent Infrastructure and Construction </option> <option value="ijerph" > International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) </option> <option value="ijfs" > International Journal of Financial Studies (IJFS) </option> <option value="ijms" > International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) </option> <option value="IJNS" > International Journal of Neonatal Screening (IJNS) </option> <option value="ijpb" > International Journal of Plant Biology (IJPB) </option> <option value="ijt" > International Journal of Topology </option> <option value="ijtm" > International Journal of Translational Medicine (IJTM) </option> <option value="ijtpp" > International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power (IJTPP) </option> <option value="ime" > International Medical Education (IME) </option> <option value="inventions" > Inventions </option> <option value="IoT" > IoT </option> <option value="ijgi" > ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (IJGI) </option> <option value="J" > J </option> <option value="jal" > Journal of Ageing and Longevity (JAL) </option> <option value="jcdd" > Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD) </option> <option value="jcto" > Journal of Clinical & Translational Ophthalmology (JCTO) </option> <option value="jcm" > Journal of Clinical Medicine (JCM) </option> <option value="jcs" > Journal of Composites Science (J. Compos. Sci.) </option> <option value="jcp" > Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy (JCP) </option> <option value="jdad" > Journal of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (JDAD) </option> <option value="jdb" > Journal of Developmental Biology (JDB) </option> <option value="jeta" > Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses (JETA) </option> <option value="jfb" > Journal of Functional Biomaterials (JFB) </option> <option value="jfmk" > Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (JFMK) </option> <option value="jof" > Journal of Fungi (JoF) </option> <option value="jimaging" > Journal of Imaging (J. Imaging) </option> <option value="jintelligence" > Journal of Intelligence (J. Intell.) </option> <option value="jlpea" > Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA) </option> <option value="jmmp" > Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing (JMMP) </option> <option value="jmse" > Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (JMSE) </option> <option value="jmahp" > Journal of Market Access & Health Policy (JMAHP) </option> <option value="jmp" > Journal of Molecular Pathology (JMP) </option> <option value="jnt" > Journal of Nanotheranostics (JNT) </option> <option value="jne" > Journal of Nuclear Engineering (JNE) </option> <option value="ohbm" > Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine (JOHBM) </option> <option value="jop" > Journal of Parks </option> <option value="jpm" > Journal of Personalized Medicine (JPM) </option> <option value="jpbi" > Journal of Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry (JPBI) </option> <option value="jor" > Journal of Respiration (JoR) </option> <option value="jrfm" > Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM) </option> <option value="jsan" > Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks (JSAN) </option> <option value="joma" > Journal of the Oman Medical Association (JOMA) </option> <option value="jtaer" > Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER) </option> <option value="jvd" > Journal of Vascular Diseases (JVD) </option> <option value="jox" > Journal of Xenobiotics (JoX) </option> <option value="jzbg" > Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens (JZBG) </option> <option value="journalmedia" > Journalism and Media </option> <option value="kidneydial" > Kidney and Dialysis </option> <option value="kinasesphosphatases" > Kinases and Phosphatases </option> <option value="knowledge" > Knowledge </option> <option value="labmed" > LabMed </option> <option value="laboratories" > Laboratories </option> <option value="land" > Land </option> <option value="languages" > Languages </option> <option value="laws" > Laws </option> <option value="life" > Life 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Mathematics </option> <option value="medsci" > Medical Sciences </option> <option value="msf" > Medical Sciences Forum </option> <option value="medicina" > Medicina </option> <option value="medicines" > Medicines </option> <option value="membranes" > Membranes </option> <option value="merits" > Merits </option> <option value="metabolites" > Metabolites </option> <option value="metals" > Metals </option> <option value="meteorology" > Meteorology </option> <option value="methane" > Methane </option> <option value="mps" > Methods and Protocols (MPs) </option> <option value="metrics" > Metrics </option> <option value="metrology" > Metrology </option> <option value="micro" > Micro </option> <option value="microbiolres" > Microbiology Research </option> <option value="micromachines" > Micromachines </option> <option value="microorganisms" > Microorganisms </option> <option value="microplastics" > Microplastics </option> <option value="minerals" > Minerals </option> <option value="mining" > Mining </option> <option value="modelling" > Modelling </option> <option value="mmphys" > Modern Mathematical Physics </option> <option value="molbank" > Molbank </option> <option value="molecules" > Molecules </option> <option value="mti" > Multimodal Technologies and Interaction (MTI) </option> <option value="muscles" > Muscles </option> <option value="nanoenergyadv" > Nanoenergy Advances </option> <option value="nanomanufacturing" > Nanomanufacturing </option> <option value="nanomaterials" > Nanomaterials </option> <option value="ndt" > NDT </option> <option value="network" > Network </option> <option value="neuroglia" > Neuroglia </option> <option value="neurolint" > Neurology International </option> <option value="neurosci" > NeuroSci </option> <option value="nitrogen" > Nitrogen </option> <option value="ncrna" > Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA) </option> <option value="nursrep" > Nursing Reports </option> <option value="nutraceuticals" > Nutraceuticals </option> <option value="nutrients" > 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Med.) </option> <option value="resources" > Resources </option> <option value="rheumato" > Rheumato </option> <option value="risks" > Risks </option> <option value="robotics" > Robotics </option> <option value="ruminants" > Ruminants </option> <option value="safety" > Safety </option> <option value="sci" > Sci </option> <option value="scipharm" > Scientia Pharmaceutica (Sci. Pharm.) </option> <option value="sclerosis" > Sclerosis </option> <option value="seeds" > Seeds </option> <option value="sensors" > Sensors </option> <option value="separations" > Separations </option> <option value="sexes" > Sexes </option> <option value="signals" > Signals </option> <option value="sinusitis" > Sinusitis </option> <option value="smartcities" > Smart Cities </option> <option value="socsci" > Social Sciences </option> <option value="siuj" > Société Internationale d’Urologie Journal (SIUJ) </option> <option value="societies" > Societies </option> <option value="software" > Software </option> <option value="soilsystems" > Soil Systems </option> <option value="solar" > Solar </option> <option value="solids" > Solids </option> <option value="spectroscj" > Spectroscopy Journal </option> <option value="sports" > Sports </option> <option value="standards" > Standards </option> <option value="stats" > Stats </option> <option value="stresses" > Stresses </option> <option 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value="women" > Women </option> <option value="world" > World </option> <option value="wevj" > World Electric Vehicle Journal (WEVJ) </option> <option value="youth" > Youth </option> <option value="zoonoticdis" > Zoonotic Diseases </option> </select> </div> <div class="large-2 medium-2 small-6 columns "> <div class=""> <div class="search-input-label">Article Type</div> </div> <select id="article_type" tabindex="4" name="article_type" class="chosen-select"> <option value="">All Article Types</option> <option value="research-article">Article</option> <option value="review-article">Review</option> <option value="rapid-communication">Communication</option> <option value="editorial">Editorial</option> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="book-review">Book Review</option> <option value="brief-communication">Brief Communication</option> <option value="brief-report">Brief Report</option> <option value="case-report">Case Report</option> <option 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Recent Articles <a href="/latest_articles" style="color: #fff; display: inline-block; width: 1px; cursor: default;"> </a> </h1> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content"> <div class="generic-item article-item no-border"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 5541 KiB   </span> <a href="/2071-1050/16/23/10335/pdf?version=1732615322" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Assessment of CO2 Emissions for Light-Duty Vehicles Using Dynamic Perturbation Additive Regression Trees" data-journal="sustainability"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2071-1050/16/23/10335">Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions for Light-Duty Vehicles Using Dynamic Perturbation Additive Regression Trees</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hang Thi Thanh Vu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jeonghan Ko</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Sustainability</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 10335; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/su162310335">https://doi.org/10.3390/su162310335</a> - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Effective predictive modeling is crucial for assessing and mitigating energy consumption and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in light-duty vehicles (LDVs) throughout the whole value chain of an organization. This study enhances the modeling of LDV CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by developing novel approaches to analyzing <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/23/10335/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Effective predictive modeling is crucial for assessing and mitigating energy consumption and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in light-duty vehicles (LDVs) throughout the whole value chain of an organization. This study enhances the modeling of LDV CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by developing novel approaches to analyzing vehicle feature datasets. New tree-based machine learning models are developed to increase the accuracy and interpretability in modeling the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in LDVs. In particular, this study develops a new algorithm called dynamic perturbation additive regression trees (DPART). This new algorithm integrates dynamic perturbation within an iterative boosting framework. DPART progressively adjusts prediction values and explores various tree structures to improve predictive performance with reduced computation time. The effectiveness of the new ensemble-tree-based models is compared to that of other models for the vehicle emission data. The results demonstrate the new models’ capability to significantly improve predicting accuracy and reliability compared to other models. The new models also enable identifying key vehicle features affecting emissions, and thus provide valuable insights into the complex relationships among vehicle features in the dataset. <a href="/2071-1050/16/23/10335">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/sustainability/sections/energy_sustainability">Energy Sustainability</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/23/10335/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1529729"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1529729"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1529729" data-cycle-prev="#prev1529729" data-cycle-progressive="#images1529729" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1529729-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g001-550.jpg?1732615397" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1529729" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1529729-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g002-550.jpg?1732615399'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1529729-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g003-550.jpg?1732615399'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1529729-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g004-550.jpg?1732615401'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1529729-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g005-550.jpg?1732615402'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1529729-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g006-550.jpg?1732615403'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1529729-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g007-550.jpg?1732615405'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1529729-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g001-550.jpg?1732615397" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Average CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by fuel type.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2071-1050/16/23/10335'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g002-550.jpg?1732615399" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Relationship between CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and (<b>a</b>) engine size and (<b>b</b>) cylinder counts, grouped by the number of gear steps.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2071-1050/16/23/10335'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g003-550.jpg?1732615399" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Decision tree for predicting CO<sub>2</sub> emissions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2071-1050/16/23/10335'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g004-550.jpg?1732615401" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Training and test RMSE values over iterations for the DPART model. (Note: warm-up iterations are shown within the red box).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2071-1050/16/23/10335'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g005-550.jpg?1732615402" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Variable importance resulting from DPART model.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2071-1050/16/23/10335'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g006-550.jpg?1732615403" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The variation in RMSE across 50 sets of MCCV train–test splits among different models.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2071-1050/16/23/10335'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sustainability/sustainability-16-10335/article_deploy/html/images/sustainability-16-10335-g007-550.jpg?1732615405" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The variation of <span class="html-italic">R</span><sup>2</sup> across 50 MCCV train–test splits among different models.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2071-1050/16/23/10335'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1529492" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1529492" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1529492" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2305-6304/12/12/851/s1?version=1732609855"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 40 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 2037 KiB   </span> <a href="/2305-6304/12/12/851/pdf?version=1732609855" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Relationship Between PM2.5 and Eight Common Lung Diseases: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis" data-journal="toxics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2305-6304/12/12/851">The Relationship Between PM2.5 and Eight Common Lung Diseases: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuhang Jiang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jingwen Si</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuhang Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Han Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fang Zhou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xike Lu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xin Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daqiang Sun</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zheng Wang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Toxics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(12), 851; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12120851">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12120851</a> - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Air pollutants have both acute and chronic impacts on human health, affecting multiple systems and organs. While PM2.5 exposure is commonly assumed to be strongly associated with all respiratory diseases, this relationship has not been systematically analyzed. This study employed a two-sample Mendelian <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/851/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Air pollutants have both acute and chronic impacts on human health, affecting multiple systems and organs. While PM2.5 exposure is commonly assumed to be strongly associated with all respiratory diseases, this relationship has not been systematically analyzed. This study employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the effects of PM2.5 on eight common lung diseases, using data from GWAS. Additionally, multivariable Mendelian randomization was applied to assess the direct effects of various air pollutants and the mediating roles of common factors such as BMI and smoking. At a significance threshold of 5×10<sup>−8</sup>, PM2.5 showed a significant causal relationship with both asthma and COPD. When the screening threshold was relaxed to 5× 10<sup>−6</sup>, this exposure continued to demonstrate significant associations not only with asthma and COPD, but also with other respiratory diseases, including pneumonia, emphysema/chronic bronchitis, and lung cancer. In the multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis, which controlled for smoking and bacterial infections, the association with pneumonia became non-significant, while the relationships with the other four diseases persisted. This study provides a systematic exploration of the relationship between PM2.5 and eight pulmonary diseases from a new perspective, deepening our understanding of the impact of air pollution on health and laying the foundation for future efforts to mitigate these effects. <a href="/2305-6304/12/12/851">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/toxics/special_issues/NVO09614ZR ">Environmental Contaminants and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/851/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1529492"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1529492"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1529492" data-cycle-prev="#prev1529492" data-cycle-progressive="#images1529492" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1529492-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g001-550.jpg?1732609966" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1529492" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1529492-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g002-550.jpg?1732609968'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1529492-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g003-550.jpg?1732609970'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1529492-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g004-550.jpg?1732609971'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1529492-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g001-550.jpg?1732609966" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of causal associations between PM2.5 and eight common lung diseases in the analysis (5× 10<sup>−6</sup>). (<b>A</b>): PM2.5 and asthma, unspecified; (<b>B</b>): PM2.5 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; (<b>C</b>): PM2.5 and pneumonia; (<b>D</b>): PM2.5 and bronchitis; (<b>E</b>): PM2.5 and emphysema/chronic bronchitis; (<b>F</b>): PM2.5 and interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis; (<b>G</b>): PM2.5 and bronchiectasis; and (<b>H</b>): PM2.5 and lung cancer. NSNP, number of SNPs; OR, odds ratio; IVW, inverse variance weighted; CI, confidence interval.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2305-6304/12/12/851'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g002-550.jpg?1732609968" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Scatter plot showing the causal estimate for different MRs of PM2.5 on eight common lung diseases. (<b>A</b>): PM2.5 and asthma, unspecified; (<b>B</b>): PM2.5 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; (<b>C</b>): PM2.5 and pneumonia; (<b>D</b>): PM2.5 and bronchitis; (<b>E</b>): PM2.5 and emphysema/chronic bronchitis; (<b>F</b>): PM2.5 and interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis; (<b>G</b>): PM2.5 and bronchiectasis; and (<b>H</b>): PM2.5 and lung cancer.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2305-6304/12/12/851'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g003-550.jpg?1732609970" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of the ”leave-one-out” sensitivity analysis method to show the influence of individual SNPs on the results. The red point indicates the IVW estimates using all SNPs. (<b>A</b>): PM2.5 and aAsthma, unspecified; (<b>B</b>): PM2.5 and cChronic obstructive pulmonary disease; (<b>C</b>): PM2.5 and pPneumonia; (<b>D</b>): PM2.5 and bronchitis; (<b>E</b>): PM2.5 and emphysema/chronic bronchitis; (<b>F</b>): PM2.5 and interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis; (<b>G</b>): PM2.5 and bronchiectasis; and (<b>H</b>): PM2.5 and lLung cancer.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2305-6304/12/12/851'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/toxics/toxics-12-00851/article_deploy/html/images/toxics-12-00851-g004-550.jpg?1732609971" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The funnel plot from single SNP analyses for PM2.5 on eight common lung diseases. (<b>A</b>): PM2.5 and asthma, unspecified; (<b>B</b>): PM2.5 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; (<b>C</b>): PM2.5 and pneumonia; (<b>D</b>): PM2.5 and bronchitis; (<b>E</b>): PM2.5 and emphysema/chronic bronchitis; (<b>F</b>): PM2.5 and interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis; (<b>G</b>): PM2.5 and bronchiectasis; and (<b>H</b>): PM2.5 and lung cancer.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2305-6304/12/12/851'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 22 pages, 6766 KiB   </span> <a href="/2077-1312/12/12/2157/pdf?version=1732613434" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Vibration Characteristic Analysis of Sandwich Composite Plate Reinforced by Functionally Graded Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composite on Winkler/Pasternak Foundation" data-journal="jmse"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2077-1312/12/12/2157">Vibration Characteristic Analysis of Sandwich Composite Plate Reinforced by Functionally Graded Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composite on Winkler/Pasternak Foundation</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mengzhen Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaolong Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mohammad Yazdi</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wei Chen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>J. Mar. Sci. Eng.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(12), 2157; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12122157">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12122157</a> - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This paper presents numerical investigations into the free vibration properties of a sandwich composite plate with two fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) face sheets and a functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) core made of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite resting on Winkler/Pasternak elastic foundation. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/12/2157/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This paper presents numerical investigations into the free vibration properties of a sandwich composite plate with two fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) face sheets and a functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) core made of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite resting on Winkler/Pasternak elastic foundation. The material properties of the FG-CNTRC core are gradient change along the thickness direction with four distinct carbon nanotubes reinforcement distribution patterns. The Hamilton energy concept is used to develop the equations of motion, which are based on the high-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The Navier method is then used to obtain the free vibration solutions. By contrasting the acquired results with those using finite elements and with the previous literature, the accuracy of the present approach is confirmed. Moreover, the effects of the modulus of elasticity, the carbon nanotube (CNT) volume fractions, the CNT distribution patterns, the gradient index <i>p</i>, the geometric parameters and the dimensionless natural frequencies’ elastic basis characteristics are examined. The results show that the FG-CNTRC sandwich composite plate has higher dimensionless frequencies than the functionally graded material (FGM) plate or sandwich plate. And the volume fraction of carbon nanotubes and other geometric factors significantly affect the dimensionless frequency of the sandwich composite plate. <a href="/2077-1312/12/12/2157">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/jmse/special_issues/O25DZO56E5 ">Advances in Marine Mechanical and Structural Engineering—2nd Edition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/12/2157/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1529621"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1529621"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1529621" data-cycle-prev="#prev1529621" data-cycle-progressive="#images1529621" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g001-550.jpg?1732613563" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1529621" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g002-550.jpg?1732613565'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g003-550.jpg?1732613567'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g004a-550.jpg?1732613568'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g004b-550.jpg?1732613572'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g005-550.jpg?1732613573'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g006-550.jpg?1732613575'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g007-550.jpg?1732613577'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g008-550.jpg?1732613578'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g009-550.jpg?1732613581'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g010-550.jpg?1732613582'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1529621-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g011-550.jpg?1732613583'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1529621-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g001-550.jpg?1732613563" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Plate-shaped subsea foundation with seabed resistance and soil–structure interactions [<a href="#B12-jmse-12-02157" class="html-bibr">12</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g002-550.jpg?1732613565" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Configuration of sandwich plates.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g003-550.jpg?1732613567" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Configuration of various FG-CNTRC rectangular plates (The red circles are carbon nanotubes).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g004a-550.jpg?1732613568" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of the first four mode shapes of sandwich plates under different CNT volume fractions with simple support conditions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g004b-550.jpg?1732613572" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of the first four mode shapes of sandwich plates under different CNT volume fractions with simple support conditions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g005-550.jpg?1732613573" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The variation in natural frequency with Young’s modulus ratio (<span class="html-italic">E</span><sub>1</sub>/<span class="html-italic">E</span><sub>2</sub>) under the ratio of core thickness to boundary thickness (<span class="html-italic">h<sub>c</sub></span>/<span class="html-italic">h</span>). (<b>a</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.5, (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 1, (<b>c</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 5, and (<b>d</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 10.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g006-550.jpg?1732613575" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The impact of CNT volume percentage and core thickness ratio on the hybrid sandwich plate’s natural frequency. (<b>a</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.5, (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 1, (<b>c</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 5, and (<b>d</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 10.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g007-550.jpg?1732613577" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The natural frequency of three-dimensional sandwich plates and shells is affected by the gradient index, core thickness ratio, and Winkler–Pasternak foundation parameters.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g008-550.jpg?1732613578" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The influence of aspect ratio and Winkler–Pasternak foundation parameters on the natural frequency of three-dimensional sandwich plates and shells. (<b>a</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.5, (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 1, (<b>c</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 5, and (<b>d</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 10.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g009-550.jpg?1732613581" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>The influence of CNT volume fraction and distribution type on the natural frequency of three-dimensional sandwich plates and shells. (<b>a</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.5; (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 1; (<b>c</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 5; and (<b>d</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 10.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g010-550.jpg?1732613582" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>The influence of CNT volume fraction and Winkler–Pasternak foundation parameters on the free vibration of three-dimensional sandwich plates under different CNT distribution types.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02157/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02157-g011-550.jpg?1732613583" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Effect of fiber’s lamination schemes and Winkler–Pasternak basis parameters on the first four orders of dimensionless frequency of three-dimensional sandwich plates.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/12/2157'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 4 pages, 186 KiB   </span> <a href="/2075-1729/14/12/1550/pdf?version=1732668413" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Human Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology" data-journal="life"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Editorial</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2075-1729/14/12/1550">Human Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giuseppe Grande</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Life</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(12), 1550; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14121550 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-full inline"> One of the biggest problems facing modern medicine is infertility [...] <a href="/2075-1729/14/12/1550">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/life/special_issues/6R8KIXVW2L ">Human Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1529412" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1529412" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1529412" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2076-2615/14/23/3404/s1?version=1732605164"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 657 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 11628 KiB   </span> <a href="/2076-2615/14/23/3404/pdf?version=1732668324" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Immunohistochemical Staining Properties of Osteopontin and Ki-67 in Feline Meningiomas" data-journal="animals"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2076-2615/14/23/3404">Immunohistochemical Staining Properties of Osteopontin and Ki-67 in Feline Meningiomas</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gabriele Gradner</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Janina Janssen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anna Oevermann</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alexander Tichy</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stefan Kummer</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stefanie Burger</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ingrid Walter</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Animals</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(23), 3404; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14233404">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14233404</a> - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The high recurrence rate of feline meningioma despite the generally benign histomorphology warrants additional markers of clinical aggressiveness. The Ki-67 index is commonly used as prognostic marker for meningioma recurrence in people. Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein involved in tumor progression and may <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/23/3404/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The high recurrence rate of feline meningioma despite the generally benign histomorphology warrants additional markers of clinical aggressiveness. The Ki-67 index is commonly used as prognostic marker for meningioma recurrence in people. Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein involved in tumor progression and may be a potential malignancy marker. To date, osteopontin expression has not been investigated in feline meningioma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of Ki-67 and osteopontin immunostaining of feline meningioma and to find possible associations with WHO (World Health Organization) grades and subtypes. Fifty-three feline meningioma samples were graded according to the human WHO classification and underwent immunohistochemical examination for Ki-67 and OPN. Fifty samples were classified as WHO grade I and three as WHO grade II. The mean Ki-67 ratio was 9.19 ± 9.47. Osteopontin expression was correspondingly high with a mean OPN IHC score of 150.17 (0–242.8), and a median Allred score of 7 (0–8). There was no significant correlation with Ki-67 index, osteopontin expression, WHO grades, or subtypes. The overall high expressions of osteopontin and Ki-67 may help explain the tendency for recurrence of feline meningioma. The human WHO grading system may not be sufficient to accurately estimate the clinical behavior of meningioma in this species. <a href="/2076-2615/14/23/3404">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/animals/special_issues/1Q36N1I229 ">Companion Animals’ Molecular Oncology</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/23/3404/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1529412"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1529412"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1529412" data-cycle-prev="#prev1529412" data-cycle-progressive="#images1529412" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1529412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/animals/animals-14-03404/article_deploy/html/images/animals-14-03404-g001-550.jpg?1732668420" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1529412" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1529412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/animals/animals-14-03404/article_deploy/html/images/animals-14-03404-g002-550.jpg?1732668422'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1529412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/animals/animals-14-03404/article_deploy/html/images/animals-14-03404-g003-550.jpg?1732668424'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1529412-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/animals/animals-14-03404/article_deploy/html/images/animals-14-03404-g001-550.jpg?1732668420" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Western blotting of OPN. Lane 1: molecular weight marker; lane 2: kidney, cat, SDS buffer; lane 3: osteosarcoma, cat, Tris Triton buffer. The resulting bands represent the cleaved OPN.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2076-2615/14/23/3404'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/animals/animals-14-03404/article_deploy/html/images/animals-14-03404-g002-550.jpg?1732668422" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Immunohistochemical staining of osteopontin and Ki-67 expression in different meningioma subgroups. (<b>a</b>) Grade I meningioma of the fibrous subtype. (<b>b</b>) Osteopontin expression. (<b>c</b>) Ki-67 staining. (<b>d</b>) Grade I transitional subtype with cholesterol clefts. (<b>e</b>) Osteopontin expression in the transitional subtype. (<b>f</b>) Ki-67 in the transitional subtype. (<b>g</b>) Grade I meningothelial meningioma. (<b>h</b>) Osteopontin expression. (<b>i</b>) Ki-67 positive staining of nuclei in the proliferative stage. Scale bar = 100 µm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2076-2615/14/23/3404'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/animals/animals-14-03404/article_deploy/html/images/animals-14-03404-g003-550.jpg?1732668424" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Examples for osteopontin staining scores in feline meningioma. (<b>a</b>) Weak. (<b>b</b>) Moderate. (<b>c</b>) Strong immunolabeling, scale bar = 100 µm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2076-2615/14/23/3404'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1529883" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1529883" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1529883" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2073-4441/16/23/3399/s1?version=1732622228"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 379 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 26 pages, 4845 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4441/16/23/3399/pdf?version=1732668308" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Pyrolysis of Biosolids in a Novel Closed Coupled Pyrolysis and Gasification Technology: Pilot Plant Trials, Aspen Plus Modelling, and a Techno-Economic Analysis" data-journal="water"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4441/16/23/3399">The Pyrolysis of Biosolids in a Novel Closed Coupled Pyrolysis and Gasification Technology: Pilot Plant Trials, Aspen Plus Modelling, and a Techno-Economic Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nimesha Rathnayake</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Savankumar Patel</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ibrahim Gbolahan Hakeem</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ganesh Veluswamy</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ibrahim Al-Waili</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shivani Agnihotri</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Arun Krishna Vuppaladadiyam</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aravind Surapaneni</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>David Bergmann</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kalpit Shah</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Water</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3399; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/w16233399">https://doi.org/10.3390/w16233399</a> - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Pyrolysis is gaining recognition as a sustainable solution for biosolid management, though scaling it commercially presents challenges. To address this, RMIT developed a novel integrated pyrolysis and gasification technology called PYROCO™, which was successfully tested in pilot-scale trials. This study introduces PYROCO™ and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/23/3399/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Pyrolysis is gaining recognition as a sustainable solution for biosolid management, though scaling it commercially presents challenges. To address this, RMIT developed a novel integrated pyrolysis and gasification technology called PYROCO™, which was successfully tested in pilot-scale trials. This study introduces PYROCO™ and its application to produce biochar, highlighting the biochar properties of the results of the initial trials. In addition, an energy analysis using semi-empirical Aspen Plus modelling, paired with a preliminary techno-economic assessment, was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of this technology. The results show that the PYROCO™ pilot plant produced biochar with a ~30 wt% yield, featuring beneficial agronomic properties such as high organic carbon (210–220 g/kg) and nutrient contents (total P: 36–42 g/kg and total N: 16–18 g/kg). The system also effectively removed contaminants such as PFASs, PAHs, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics from the biochar and scrubber water and stack gas emissions. An energy analysis and Aspen Plus modelling showed that a commercial-scale PYROCO™ plant could operate energy self-sufficiently with biosolids containing >30% solids and with a minimum calorific value of 11 MJ/kg. The process generates excess energy for drying biosolids and for electricity generation. Profitability is sensitive to biochar price; prices rise from AUD 300 to AUD 1000 per tonne, the NPV improves from AUD 0.24 million to AUD 4.31 million, and the payback period shortens from 26 to 12 years. The low NPV and high payback period reflect the use of a relatively high discount rate of 8%, chosen to be on the conservative side given the novel nature of the technology. <a href="/2073-4441/16/23/3399">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/water/special_issues/34BS041DY6 ">Advanced Biotechnologies for Water and Wastewater Treatment</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/23/3399/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1529883"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1529883"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1529883" data-cycle-prev="#prev1529883" data-cycle-progressive="#images1529883" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g001-550.jpg?1732668420" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1529883" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g002-550.jpg?1732668421'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g003-550.jpg?1732668422'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g004-550.jpg?1732668427'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g005a-550.jpg?1732668428'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g005b-550.jpg?1732668429'><p>Figure 5 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g006-550.jpg?1732668429'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g007-550.jpg?1732668430'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g008-550.jpg?1732668432'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g009-550.jpg?1732668433'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g010-550.jpg?1732668434'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g011-550.jpg?1732668435'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1529883-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g012-550.jpg?1732668436'><p>Figure 12</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1529883-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g001-550.jpg?1732668420" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Process flow diagram of the PYROCO™ pilot plant.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g002-550.jpg?1732668421" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Process flow diagram of the proposed full-scale PYROCO™ process.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g003-550.jpg?1732668422" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Aspen Plus flowsheet of the proposed full-scale PYROCO™ plant for the pyrolysis of biosolids.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g004-550.jpg?1732668427" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of PYROCO™ biochar produced at (<b>A</b>) 600 °C and (<b>B</b>) 700 °C.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g005a-550.jpg?1732668428" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Gas emission profile under stable conditions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g005b-550.jpg?1732668429" title=" <strong>Figure 5 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Gas emission profile under stable conditions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g006-550.jpg?1732668429" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>PFAS in scrubber water and comparison with Human Health Guidelines.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g007-550.jpg?1732668430" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>PFAS in scrubber water and comparison with Ecological Water Quality Guidelines (95% species protection).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g008-550.jpg?1732668432" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Energy analysis in PYROCO™ process at a GP:PYROCO ratio of (<b>a</b>) 0.2, (<b>b</b>) 0.4, (<b>c</b>) 0.5, (<b>d</b>) 0.6, and (<b>e</b>) 0.8 for biosolids with heating values of 11 MJ/kg, 14 MJ/kg, 16 MJ/kg, and 20 MJ/kg.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g009-550.jpg?1732668433" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Effect of the biochar sale price on NPV at a 0.5 GP:PYROCO ratio and 50% solid content of biosolids and 20 MJ/kg of HHV.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g010-550.jpg?1732668434" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Effect of the biosolids’ calorific value on NPV at a 0.5 GP:PYROCO ratio and 50% solid content of biosolids with AUD 400/tonne biochar sale price.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g011-550.jpg?1732668435" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Effect of GP:PYROCO ratio on NPV at a 50% solid content of biosolids with a 20 MJ/kg calorific value and AUD 400/tonne biochar sale price.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03399/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03399-g012-550.jpg?1732668436" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Results of sensitivity analysis conducted to identify the effects of a varying income tax rate, biochar sale price, CAPEX, interest rate, electricity selling price, and OPEX on the NPV of the PYROCO™ process. The base value of the parameters is as follows: income tax rate, 30%; biochar sale price, 600 AUD/tonne; CAPEX, AUD 8.38 million; interest rate, 5.3%; electricity selling price, 15 c/kWh; OPEX, AUD 0.81 million; and NPV, AUD 2.8 million.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3399'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 351 KiB   </span> <a href="/2227-7390/12/23/3704/pdf?version=1732637493" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Approximation of Time-Frequency Shift Equivariant Maps by Neural Networks" data-journal="mathematics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2227-7390/12/23/3704">Approximation of Time-Frequency Shift Equivariant Maps by Neural Networks</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dae Gwan Lee</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Mathematics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(23), 3704; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12233704 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Based on finite-dimensional time-frequency analysis, we study the properties of time-frequency shift equivariant maps that are generally nonlinear. We first establish a one-to-one correspondence between <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-equivariant maps and certain phase-homogeneous functions and also provide a reconstruction formula that expresses <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-equivariant maps <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/23/3704/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Based on finite-dimensional time-frequency analysis, we study the properties of time-frequency shift equivariant maps that are generally nonlinear. We first establish a one-to-one correspondence between <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-equivariant maps and certain phase-homogeneous functions and also provide a reconstruction formula that expresses <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-equivariant maps in terms of these phase-homogeneous functions, leading to a deeper understanding of the class of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-equivariant maps. Next, we consider the approximation of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-equivariant maps by neural networks. In the case where <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> is a cyclic subgroup of order <i>N</i> in <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi><mi>N</mi></msub><mo>×</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi><mi>N</mi></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, we prove that every <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-equivariant map can be approximated by a shallow neural network whose affine linear maps are simply linear combinations of time-frequency shifts by <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>. This aligns well with the proven suitability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in tasks requiring translation equivariance, particularly in image and signal processing applications. <a href="/2227-7390/12/23/3704">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/mathematics/special_issues/H8N1I4X900 ">AI Advances in Edge Computing</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/23/3704/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530019-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/mathematics/mathematics-12-03704/article_deploy/html/images/mathematics-12-03704-g001-550.jpg?1732637610" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1530019-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/mathematics/mathematics-12-03704/article_deploy/html/images/mathematics-12-03704-g001-550.jpg?1732637610" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The ♮-transform and its inverse transform.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-7390/12/23/3704'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1529474" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1529474" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1529474" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2410-3888/9/12/477/s1?version=1732666688"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 4463 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 8321 KiB   </span> <a href="/2410-3888/9/12/477/pdf?version=1732666688" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Ease and Limitations in Using Environmental DNA to Track the Spread of Invasive Host–Parasite Complexes: A Case Study of the Freshwater Fish Pseudorasbora parva and the Cryptic Fungal Parasite Sphaerothecum destruens" data-journal="fishes"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2410-3888/9/12/477">Ease and Limitations in Using Environmental DNA to Track the Spread of Invasive Host–Parasite Complexes: A Case Study of the Freshwater Fish <i>Pseudorasbora parva</i> and the Cryptic Fungal Parasite <i>Sphaerothecum destruens</i></a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Théo Deremarque</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rodolphe Elie Gozlan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ravo Ravaozafindrasoa</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giuliano Mucci</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lucie Delalex</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jean-Michel Foissy</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michaël Cagnant</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mathieu Clair</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Justina Givens</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fabienne Justy</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alice Valentini</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Delphine Nicolas</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pascal Contournet</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Claire Tetrel</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marc Thibault</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marine Combe</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Fishes</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>9</em>(12), 477; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9120477">https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9120477</a> - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The spread of non-native species threatens biodiversity and exacerbates societal challenges like food security. To address this, effective conservation programs require detection methods that are easy to implement, accurate, and non-invasive. Over the past 15 years, environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques have gained popularity, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/12/477/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The spread of non-native species threatens biodiversity and exacerbates societal challenges like food security. To address this, effective conservation programs require detection methods that are easy to implement, accurate, and non-invasive. Over the past 15 years, environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques have gained popularity, surpassing traditional sampling methods. In this context, our study focused on tracking the invasive host–pathogen complex <i>Pseudorasbora parva</i> and <i>Sphaerothecum destruens</i> using eDNA metabarcoding. We collected water samples from freshwater canals over five months in the Camargue region, and once in Corsica Island, both in southern France. Total DNA was extracted from filtered water samples, and PCR-amplicons were sequenced using Illumina or Nanopore technologies. Our results revealed a high detection rate of <i>P. parva</i> in lentic ecosystems, aligning with habitat preferences of this small freshwater fish. Additionally, the detection rate in Camargue increased in May and June, likely due to the peak of the spawning season, which leads to more DNA being released into the environment (i.e., concentration and interaction of individuals). While eDNA successfully detected this invasive fish, we were unable to detect its cryptic fungal parasite, <i>S. destruens</i>, highlighting the challenges of identifying intracellular and cryptic fungal pathogens through eDNA methods. <a href="/2410-3888/9/12/477">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/fishes/special_issues/O02TQT6MIN ">Detection and Monitoring of Aquatic Pathogens by Using Environmental DNA (eDNA)</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/12/477/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1529474"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1529474"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1529474" data-cycle-prev="#prev1529474" data-cycle-progressive="#images1529474" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1529474-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g001-550.jpg?1732666913" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1529474" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1529474-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g002-550.jpg?1732666916'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1529474-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g003-550.jpg?1732666917'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1529474-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g004-550.jpg?1732666921'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1529474-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g005-550.jpg?1732666924'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1529474-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g001-550.jpg?1732666913" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Map of the sampling sites sampled from January to June 2023 and located in 4 areas of the Camargue region. For each area, 3 aquatic sites were sampled.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2410-3888/9/12/477'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g002-550.jpg?1732666916" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Map of the sampling sites sampled in April 2023 located in the Golo River and Lake Calacuccia in Corsica Island.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2410-3888/9/12/477'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g003-550.jpg?1732666917" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Detection rate of <span class="html-italic">P. parva</span> in four areas in the Camargue for each month studied.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2410-3888/9/12/477'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g004-550.jpg?1732666921" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Box plot of the percentage of reads generated by Nanopore sequencing and mapping the mtDNA 16S gene of <span class="html-italic">P. parva</span> in the Camargue region. * <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2410-3888/9/12/477'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/fishes/fishes-09-00477/article_deploy/html/images/fishes-09-00477-g005-550.jpg?1732666924" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Clades detected in Camargue (data pooled for February, March, and June) by Illumina sequencing of amplicons obtained by PCR with the ChF2-ChR2 primers. For each clade the number of reads mapping its genome is indicated. (<b>A</b>) Pebre canal; (<b>B</b>) Fumemorte canal; (<b>C</b>) Grandes Cabanes Domain; (<b>D</b>) Belugue canal.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2410-3888/9/12/477'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 27 pages, 8948 KiB   </span> <a href="/1424-8220/24/23/7557/pdf?version=1732646777" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Defect Detection and 3D Reconstruction of Complex Urban Underground Pipeline Scenes for Sewer Robots" data-journal="sensors"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1424-8220/24/23/7557">Defect Detection and 3D Reconstruction of Complex Urban Underground Pipeline Scenes for Sewer Robots</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ruihao Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhongxi Shao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qiang Sun</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhenzhong Yu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Sensors</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>24</em>(23), 7557; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237557 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Detecting defects in complex urban sewer scenes is crucial for urban underground structure health monitoring. However, most image-based sewer defect detection models are complex, have high resource consumption, and fail to provide detailed damage information. To increase defect detection efficiency, visualize pipelines, and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7557/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Detecting defects in complex urban sewer scenes is crucial for urban underground structure health monitoring. However, most image-based sewer defect detection models are complex, have high resource consumption, and fail to provide detailed damage information. To increase defect detection efficiency, visualize pipelines, and enable deployment on edge devices, this paper proposes a computer vision-based robotic defect detection framework for sewers. The framework encompasses positioning, defect detection, model deployment, 3D reconstruction, and the measurement of realistic pipelines. A lightweight Sewer-YOLO-Slim model is introduced, which reconstructs the YOLOv7-tiny network by adjusting its backbone, neck, and head. Channel pruning is applied to further reduce the model’s complexity. Additionally, a multiview reconstruction technique is employed to build a 3D model of the pipeline from images captured by the sewer robot, allowing for accurate measurements. The Sewer-YOLO-Slim model achieves reductions of 60.2%, 60.0%, and 65.9% in model size, parameters, and floating-point operations (FLOPs), respectively, while improving the mean average precision (mAP) by 1.5%, reaching 93.5%. Notably, the pruned model is only 4.9 MB in size. Comprehensive comparisons and analyses are conducted with 12 mainstream detection algorithms to validate the superiority of the proposed model. The model is deployed on edge devices with the aid of TensorRT for acceleration, and the detection speed reaches 15.3 ms per image. For a real section of the pipeline, the maximum measurement error of the 3D reconstruction model is 0.57 m. These results indicate that the proposed sewer inspection framework is effective, with the detection model exhibiting advanced performance in terms of accuracy, low computational demand, and real-time capability. The 3D modeling approach offers valuable insights for underground pipeline data visualization and defect measurement. <a href="/1424-8220/24/23/7557">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Topic <a href="/topics/P6X9R7B109">Recent Advances in Structural Health Monitoring, 2nd Volume</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 32 pages, 8058 KiB   </span> <a href="/1424-8220/24/23/7556/pdf?version=1732645234" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Rolling Resistance Evaluation of Pavements Using Embedded Transducers on a Semi-Trailer Suspension" data-journal="sensors"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1424-8220/24/23/7556">Rolling Resistance Evaluation of Pavements Using Embedded Transducers on a Semi-Trailer Suspension</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>William Levesque</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>André Bégin-Drolet</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Julien Lépine</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Sensors</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>24</em>(23), 7556; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237556 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Road agency initiatives to reduce traffic-related greenhouse gas emissions are limited by the inability of current experimental methods to assess pavement impacts on vehicle energy consumption. This study addresses this by examining the rolling resistance of a semi-trailer suspension under highway conditions using <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7556/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Road agency initiatives to reduce traffic-related greenhouse gas emissions are limited by the inability of current experimental methods to assess pavement impacts on vehicle energy consumption. This study addresses this by examining the rolling resistance of a semi-trailer suspension under highway conditions using a precise measurement system with embedded transducers. Data were collected over 174 km of highway, covering various pavement types under mild summer conditions. The analysis revealed notable differences in rolling resistance due to pavement characteristics, with more pronounced variations observed within pavement types than between them. For instance, geographically consecutive jointed rigid pavements showed a 34% variation in rolling resistance, likely correlated with harmonic excitations generated by slab presence, while flexible pavements exhibited up to a 21% variation under similar tire operating conditions. Composite pavements generally performed the worst, possibly due to interactions between bituminous materials and older cement-based foundations. The study also highlighted the critical role of tire operating conditions, showing a decrease of 0.09 kg/tonne in rolling resistance for every 1 °C increase in temperature. This research shows that precisely measuring the rolling resistance (±0.1 kg/tonne) in situ for heavy vehicles is feasible and underscores the need for additional data in diverse weather scenarios to better align laboratory results with on-road realities. <a href="/1424-8220/24/23/7556">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/sensors/sections/physicalsensors">Physical Sensors</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7556/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530319"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530319"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530319" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530319" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530319" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g001-550.jpg?1732645300" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1530319" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g002-550.jpg?1732645302'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g003-550.jpg?1732645305'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g004-550.jpg?1732645307'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g005a-550.jpg?1732645309'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g005b-550.jpg?1732645310'><p>Figure 5 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g006-550.jpg?1732645311'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g007-550.jpg?1732645314'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g008-550.jpg?1732645316'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g009-550.jpg?1732645318'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g010-550.jpg?1732645319'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g011-550.jpg?1732645320'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g012-550.jpg?1732645322'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g013-550.jpg?1732645323'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g014-550.jpg?1732645325'><p>Figure 14</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='15' data-target='article-1530319-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g015-550.jpg?1732645329'><p>Figure 15</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530319-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g001-550.jpg?1732645300" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Sankey diagram of the power consumption for a given heavy vehicle and indications of the different levels at which measurements under real driving conditions can occur.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g002-550.jpg?1732645302" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Map of the route travelled by the semi-trailer equipped with the measurement system on 4 October 2023 in Quebec, QC, Canada.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g003-550.jpg?1732645305" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Measurement system for every force and displacement between a semi-trailer suspension and its frame used for evaluating the rolling resistance force at the tire/pavement contact patch; (<b>b</b>) Free-body diagram of the upward-moving semi-trailer suspension: forces, acceleration vectors, and four-bar mechanism during accelerating uphill travel.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g004-550.jpg?1732645307" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Custom titanium load cell installed on the semi-trailer suspension to measure two orthogonal forces with an embedded mechanical end stop on each side; (<b>b</b>) Calibration and braking-force test of the custom titanium load cell in a laboratory using an electric traction machine. Measurement zone and zero signal value indicated by dotted lines and dash dot line respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g005a-550.jpg?1732645309" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Picture of the load pin that measures the damping force and the linear potentiometer that measures the damper displacement; (<b>b</b>) Probability density function of the deviation from the average damper length; (<b>c</b>) Probability density function of the damper speed; (<b>d</b>) Probability density function of the damping force measured by the load pin.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g005b-550.jpg?1732645310" title=" <strong>Figure 5 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Picture of the load pin that measures the damping force and the linear potentiometer that measures the damper displacement; (<b>b</b>) Probability density function of the deviation from the average damper length; (<b>c</b>) Probability density function of the damper speed; (<b>d</b>) Probability density function of the damping force measured by the load pin.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g006-550.jpg?1732645311" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Truck tire temperature and pressure monitoring system installed at the centre of the rim; (<b>b</b>) Conceptual representation of the 16 channels (red lines) used to monitor the tire’s internal temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g007-550.jpg?1732645314" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>(<b>Green line</b>) Calculated half-axle rolling resistance using the speed regulator at 95 km/h on a composite pavement; (<b>Gray line</b>) Measured longitudinal force at the frame bracket (<span class="html-italic">F<sub>BL</sub></span>) using two custom titanium load cells installed on a frame bracket; (<b>Purple dotted line</b>) Longitudinal Asymmetric Damping Effect <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mfenced open="[" close="]" separators="|"> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">cos</mi> </mrow> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mfenced separators="|"> <mrow> <mi>ϕ</mi> </mrow> </mfenced> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mfenced> </mrow> </semantics></math> using a load pin; (<b>Black line</b>) Measured damper speed using a linear potentiometer.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g008-550.jpg?1732645316" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>PDF of the measured rolling resistance force of a half-axle on every road segment (i.e., 174.4 km) at a constant vehicle speed of 95 km/h.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g009-550.jpg?1732645318" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>PDFs of the measured rolling resistance of a half-axle on each pavement type at a constant vehicle speed of 95 km/h.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g010-550.jpg?1732645319" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Comparative analysis of the normality of the measured longitudinal force for the three pavement types: Q-Q Plots for (<b>a</b>) Flexible, (<b>b</b>) Rigid, and (<b>c</b>) Composite pavements.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g011-550.jpg?1732645320" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Relationship between the rolling resistance of various road segments for a half-axle and the average internal tire temperature; (<b>b</b>) Relationship between the rolling resistance of various road segments for a half-axle and the average road slope.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g012-550.jpg?1732645322" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Linear correlation between rolling resistance of various road segments and the standard deviation of damper speed; (<b>b</b>) Linear correlation between rolling resistance of various road segments and the Longitudinal Asymmetric Damping Effect.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g013-550.jpg?1732645323" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>Rolling resistance coefficients measured and arranged in ascending order by pavement type, and average tire temperature for all road segments during the experimental measurements of 4 October 2023 under highway conditions at a constant vehicle speed of 95 km/h.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g014-550.jpg?1732645325" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>(<b>Top</b>) Measured longitudinal forces across two consecutive rigid pavements of segments 5 and 6; (<b>Bottom</b>) Damper speed and identification of typical and poor road roughness regions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07556/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07556-g015-550.jpg?1732645329" title=" <strong>Figure 15</strong><br/> <p>PSDs of suspension motion, speed, and damping force in linear and semi-log scales for the two consecutive rigid pavement segments (5 and 6), with the frequencies of interest (i.e., <span class="html-italic">f</span><sub>1</sub> to <span class="html-italic">f</span><sub>8</sub>) defined in <a href="#sensors-24-07556-t006" class="html-table">Table 6</a>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/23/7556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1530318" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1530318" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1530318" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2411-5142/9/4/248/s1?version=1732643752"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 1436 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 1037 KiB   </span> <a href="/2411-5142/9/4/248/pdf?version=1732643752" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Muscle Metabolism During Multiple Muscle Stimulation Using an Affordable Equipment" data-journal="jfmk"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2411-5142/9/4/248">Muscle Metabolism During Multiple Muscle Stimulation Using an Affordable Equipment</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Samantha Ye</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sydney Stetter</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kevin K. McCully</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>9</em>(4), 248; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040248 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Previous studies have shown that neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), while expensive, can provide some of the health benefits of exercise to people who cannot exercise their legs normally. The aim of this study was to quantify the increases in muscle metabolism <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/9/4/248/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Previous studies have shown that neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), while expensive, can provide some of the health benefits of exercise to people who cannot exercise their legs normally. The aim of this study was to quantify the increases in muscle metabolism in four muscles of the legs of able-bodied individuals with NMES. <b>Methods</b>: Healthy college-aged students were tested. NMES of four muscle groups was performed with inexpensive stimulators and reusable tin foil electrodes. The biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, medial gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles on one leg were stimulated for ten minutes with twitch stimulations at the highest comfortable stimulation current. Muscle metabolism was measured using the slope of oxygen consumption measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during 5 s of cuff ischemia. <b>Results</b>: Initial studies found fold increases in muscle metabolism above rest of 8.9 ± 8.6 for the vastus lateralis, 7.9 ± 11.9 for the biceps femoris, 6.6 ± 7.8 for the medial gastrocnemius, and 4.9 ± 3.9 for the tibialis anterior. Some participants were able to obtain large increases in muscle metabolism, while other participants had lower increases. <b>Conclusions</b>: The ability to produce large increases in metabolism has the potential to allow NMES to replace or augment exercise to improve health in people who cannot otherwise exercise. The devices used were inexpensive and could be adapted for easy use by a wide range of individuals. <a href="/2411-5142/9/4/248">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/jfmk/special_issues/AJJ0615ZG9 ">Basis of Applied Kinesiology, Innovations and Clinical Applications in Musculoskeletal Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/9/4/248/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530318"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530318"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530318" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530318" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530318" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g001-550.jpg?1732643886" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1530318" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g002-550.jpg?1732643888'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g003-550.jpg?1732643889'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1530318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g004-550.jpg?1732643890'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530318-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g001-550.jpg?1732643886" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The experimental setup for measurements on the four muscles using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Aluminum foil electrodes were placed proximally and distally. The black sleeve is an inflatable blood pressure cuff, placed on the upper thigh, for rapid cuff inflation. The participant’s foot rests on the pedal and receives support from a thin pillow placed below the knee.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2411-5142/9/4/248'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g002-550.jpg?1732643888" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Representative example of the vastus lateralis muscle oxygen saturation during rest, resting arterial occlusions, 5 min neuromuscular electrical stimulation exercises, and end-exercise recovery. A 5 s arterial occlusion is performed after each period of electrical stimulation to determine the relative oxygen levels.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2411-5142/9/4/248'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g003-550.jpg?1732643889" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Average muscle oxygen saturation for all four muscles throughout the procedure. Values are means (STDEV). Statistical differences were found for all comparisons to rest in this figure; (<b>b</b>) average metabolic rates for all four muscles during the different conditions. The normalized value is calculated as a ratio of the resting slope and the stimulation slope. Values are means (STDEV). * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2411-5142/9/4/248'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jfmk/jfmk-09-00248/article_deploy/html/images/jfmk-09-00248-g004-550.jpg?1732643890" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>A histogram of average increases in mVO2 for 5 and 10 min for the four muscle groups. The target goal of an 8–12-fold increase is shown by the yellow shaded area.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2411-5142/9/4/248'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 2550 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/16/23/3305/pdf?version=1732643096" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Study on Impact of Monomers Towards High Molecular Weight Bio-Based Poly(ethylene Furanoate) via Solid State Polymerization Technique" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/16/23/3305">Study on Impact of Monomers Towards High Molecular Weight Bio-Based Poly(ethylene Furanoate) via Solid State Polymerization Technique</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Johan Stanley</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eleftheria Xanthopoulou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Margaritis Kostoglou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lidija Fras Zemljič</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dimitra A. Lambropoulou</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dimitrios N. Bikiaris</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3305; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16233305 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In recent years, bio-based poly(ethylene furanoate) has gained the attention of packaging industries owing to its remarkable properties as a promising alternative to fossil-based polymers. It is necessary to synthesize high-molecular-weight polymers using effective and straightforward techniques for their commercialization. In this present <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/23/3305/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In recent years, bio-based poly(ethylene furanoate) has gained the attention of packaging industries owing to its remarkable properties as a promising alternative to fossil-based polymers. It is necessary to synthesize high-molecular-weight polymers using effective and straightforward techniques for their commercialization. In this present work, poly(ethylene 2,5-furan dicarboxylate) (PEF) was produced with a high molecular weight of 0.43 dL/g using 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) or its derivative Dimethyl-2,5-Furan dicarboxylate (DMFD), followed by solid-state polymerization (SSP) conducted at different temperatures and reaction times. The intrinsic viscosity ([<i>η</i>]), carboxyl end-group concentration (–COOH), and thermal properties of the produced polyesters were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that the SSP process improved the melting temperature and crystallinity of both the PEF samples as the reaction times and temperatures increased, as corroborated by DSC and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Additionally, both intrinsic viscosity and number-average molecular weight saw an increase with longer SSP durations and higher temperatures, while the concentration of carboxyl end groups decreased, aligning with expectations. The overall results indicate that PEF (DMFD) samples exhibited a significant increase in crystallization and molecular weight, attributed to their lower degree of crystallinity and their monomer’s high purity. <a href="/2073-4360/16/23/3305">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/polymers/special_issues/1WGC728322 ">Advances in Sustainable Polymeric Materials, 3rd Edition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/23/3305/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530317"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530317"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530317" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530317" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530317" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g001-550.jpg?1732643313" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1530317" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g002-550.jpg?1732643315'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g003-550.jpg?1732643316'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g004-550.jpg?1732643318'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g005a-550.jpg?1732643321'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g005b-550.jpg?1732643322'><p>Figure 5 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g006-550.jpg?1732643323'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g007a-550.jpg?1732643325'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g007b-550.jpg?1732643329'><p>Figure 7 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1530317-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g008-550.jpg?1732643330'><p>Figure 8</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530317-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g001-550.jpg?1732643313" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Variation of intrinsic viscosity [<span class="html-italic">ղ</span>] with respect to time (h) during SSP at different temperatures; (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA); (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g002-550.jpg?1732643315" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The concentration of carboxyl (−COOH) end group changes with time during the SSP of (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD) at various temperatures. The continuous lines reflect the theoretical data collected from the kinetic model simulation.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g003-550.jpg?1732643316" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The concentration of hydroxyl (–OH) end group changes with time during the SSP of (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD) at various temperatures. The continuous lines reflect the theoretical data collected from the kinetic model simulation.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g004-550.jpg?1732643318" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The calculated kinetic rate constants for the (<b>a</b>) polycondensation/transesterification (k<sub>1</sub>) and (<b>b</b>) esterification (k<sub>2</sub>) processes of PEF (FDCA) with PEF (DMFD) samples increased as a function of temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g005a-550.jpg?1732643321" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>DSC thermograms of the PEF polyesters after SSP at 185 °C for (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD), after SSP at 190 °C for (<b>c</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>d</b>) PEF (DMFD), and after SSP at 195 °C for (<b>e</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>f</b>) PEF (DMFD).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g005b-550.jpg?1732643322" title=" <strong>Figure 5 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>DSC thermograms of the PEF polyesters after SSP at 185 °C for (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD), after SSP at 190 °C for (<b>c</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>d</b>) PEF (DMFD), and after SSP at 195 °C for (<b>e</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>f</b>) PEF (DMFD).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g006-550.jpg?1732643323" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Evolution of the crystallinity degree (<span class="html-italic">X</span><sub>c</sub><sup>a</sup> (%)) with respect to SSP time and temperature for (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD) polyesters.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g007a-550.jpg?1732643325" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>XRD patterns PEF polyesters after SSP at 185 °C for (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD), after SSP at 190 °C for (<b>c</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>d</b>) PEF (DMFD), and after SSP at 195 °C for (<b>e</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>f</b>) PEF (DMFD).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g007b-550.jpg?1732643329" title=" <strong>Figure 7 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>XRD patterns PEF polyesters after SSP at 185 °C for (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD), after SSP at 190 °C for (<b>c</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>d</b>) PEF (DMFD), and after SSP at 195 °C for (<b>e</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>f</b>) PEF (DMFD).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-03305/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-03305-g008-550.jpg?1732643330" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Evolution of the crystallinity degree (<span class="html-italic">X</span><sub>c</sub><sup>b</sup> (%)) with respect to SSP time and temperature for (<b>a</b>) PEF (FDCA) and (<b>b</b>) PEF (DMFD) polyesters.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/23/3305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 3475 KiB   </span> <a href="/2304-8158/13/23/3816/pdf?version=1732642332" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Validation of a Novel Strategy for Fluorescence Quenching for a Self-Quenching Fluorogenic Probe and Its Application for Visual Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection During Food Safety Analysis" data-journal="foods"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2304-8158/13/23/3816">Validation of a Novel Strategy for Fluorescence Quenching for a Self-Quenching Fluorogenic Probe and Its Application for Visual Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection During Food Safety Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sisi Huang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shihui Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tianlong Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hongwei Song</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yan Guo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiong Xiong</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Libin Wang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Foods</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>13</em>(23), 3816; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233816 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The self-quenching fluorogenic probe facilitates precise identification of LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) amplicons, unaffected by non-specific products resulting from primer dimers. However, low quenching efficiency by surrounding nucleobases leads to high background signal, posing significant challenges for visual inspection with the naked eye. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3816/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The self-quenching fluorogenic probe facilitates precise identification of LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) amplicons, unaffected by non-specific products resulting from primer dimers. However, low quenching efficiency by surrounding nucleobases leads to high background signal, posing significant challenges for visual inspection with the naked eye. The present study aims to identify an oligonucleotide sequence that is complementary to the self-quenching fluorogenic probe, and to employ the fluorescence super-quenching mechanism of double-stranded DNA to establish a visualization system for the LAMP assay. The results indicated that the incorporation of a sequence fully complementary to the probe could significantly reduce the system’s background fluorescence (<i>p</i> < 0.05). When the melting temperature exceeds room temperature, truncating the complementary sequence from the 3′ end does not compromise the probe’s quenching efficiency. The LAMP visualization system, using a 10–13-base complementary sequence of the loop primer-based probe, could effectively minimize background fluorescence and yield straightforward visual results post-reaction. Applied to rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon detection, the system detected 1 pg DNA in a closed-tube format. In conclusion, a suitable complementary sequence can reduce the background fluorescence of the self-quenching fluorogenic probe. Employing this sequence alongside the self-quenching fluorogenic probe to develop a low-background fluorescence LAMP system demonstrates great potential for successful visual detection and holds considerable promotional merit. <a href="/2304-8158/13/23/3816">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/foods/special_issues/60GUHDK8AZ ">Food Safety Detection Analysis and Sensors</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3816/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530316"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530316"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530316" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530316" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530316" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530316-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g001-550.jpg?1732642545" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1530316" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530316-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g002-550.jpg?1732642547'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530316-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g003-550.jpg?1732642550'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1530316-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g004-550.jpg?1732642551'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1530316-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g005-550.jpg?1732642553'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1530316-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g006-550.jpg?1732642555'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1530316-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g007-550.jpg?1732642558'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530316-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g001-550.jpg?1732642545" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Effects of the complementary sequences in different statuses on the fluorescence intensity of the self-quenching fluorogenic probe. (<b>A</b>) represents the fully complementary sequences sequentially added with GTAG and GG from the 5′ end; (<b>B</b>) represents the fully complementary sequences with one or two A, T, C added from the 5′ end; (<b>C</b>) represents the fully complementary sequences with a gradual nucleotide reduction from the 5′ end; (<b>D</b>) represents the fully complementary sequences with a gradual nucleotide reduction from the 3′ end; (<b>E</b>) represents the partially complementary sequences added with GTAG and GG from the 5′ end; (<b>F</b>) represents the fully complementary sequences with one mismatch at the fluorophore modification site. For each bar graph, different letters indicate significant differences in terms of fluorescence intensity (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3816'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g002-550.jpg?1732642547" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Effects of the complementary sequences shortened from the 3′ end on the fluorescence intensity of the self-quenching fluorogenic probe. R-FIP-FAM, ZJ-FAM, S-LB-6-FAM, and R-LB-FAM are the self-quenching fluorogenic probes. For each probe, HP1 represents the fully complementary sequence; HP2 represents the 10-nucleotide-length complementary sequence. (<b>A</b>,<b>E</b>) represent the results for rainbow trout (<span class="html-italic">O. mykiss</span>), with the probe designed based on inner primer and loop primer, respectively; (<b>B</b>) represents the results for skipjack tuna (<span class="html-italic">K. pelamis</span>); and (<b>D</b>) represents the results for Atlantic salmon (<span class="html-italic">S. salar</span>). (<b>C</b>,<b>F</b>) represent the values for the visual inspection under UV light. Different letters on the bar graph indicate significant differences (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3816'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g003-550.jpg?1732642550" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Effects of the shortened complementary sequence on the fluorescence intensity of the self-quenching fluorogenic probe and the unlabeled primer. BIP-FAM, R-FIP-FAM, and S-LB-6-FAM are the self-quenching fluorogenic probes, with the corresponding primer coded as BIP, R-FIP, and S-LB, respectively. For each probe, HP n (n = 1, 3, 4, 19, 20) represents the complementary sequence (fully or partially). (<b>A</b>,<b>D</b>) represent the results for Atlantic cod (<span class="html-italic">G. morhua</span>), with the probe-based and SYTO 9-based assays, respectively; (<b>B</b>,<b>E</b>) represent the results for rainbow trout (<span class="html-italic">O. mykiss</span>), with the probe-based and SYTO 9-based assays, respectively; and (<b>C</b>,<b>F</b>) represents Atlantic salmon (<span class="html-italic">S. salar</span>), with the probe-based and SYTO 9-based assays, respectively. Different letters on the bar graph indicate significant differences (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3816'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g004-550.jpg?1732642551" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Effects of the complementary sequences shortened from the 3′ end on the fluorescence intensity of the self-quenching fluorogenic probe R-LB-FAM. HP n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) represents the complementary sequence (fully or partially). (<b>A</b>,<b>B</b>) represents the fluorescence intensity according to the melting curve. (<b>C</b>) represents the visual inspection under UV light. Different letters on the bar graph indicate significant differences (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3816'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g005-550.jpg?1732642553" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Effects of the single mismatch from the 3′ end of the complementary sequence on the fluorescence intensity of the self-quenching fluorogenic probe. BIP-FAM, and R-LB-FAM are the self-quenching fluorogenic probes. For each probe, HP n (n = 1, 4, 18, 21, 4S, 4C, 4A, 21-A, 21-T) represents the complementary sequence (fully or partially). The mismatch from the 3′ end of the complementary sequence was highlighted using red rectangle. (<b>A</b>) represents the results for Atlantic cod (<span class="html-italic">G. morhua</span>). (<b>B</b>) represents the results for rainbow trout (<span class="html-italic">O. mykiss</span>). (<b>C</b>) represents the visual inspection under UV light. Different letters on the bar graph indicate significant differences (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3816'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g006-550.jpg?1732642555" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Effects of the G mismatch from the 3′ end of the complementary sequence on the fluorescence intensity of the self-quenching fluorogenic probe. ZJ-FAM, BIP-FAM, S-LB-6-FAM, and R-LB-FAM are the self-quenching fluorogenic probes. For each probe, HP n (n = 1, 2, 2S, 4, 4S, 18, 21) represents the complementary sequence (fully or partially). (<b>A</b>) represents the results for skipjack tuna (<span class="html-italic">K. pelamis</span>); (<b>B</b>) represents the results for Atlantic cod (<span class="html-italic">G. morhua</span>); (<b>C</b>) represents the results for Atlantic salmon (<span class="html-italic">S. salar</span>); and (<b>D</b>) represents the results for rainbow trout (<span class="html-italic">O. mykiss</span>). (<b>E</b>,<b>F</b>) represent the visual inspection under UV light. Different letters on the bar graph indicate significant differences (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3816'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03816/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03816-g007-550.jpg?1732642558" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Real-time LAMP amplification and visual inspection. (<b>A</b>) represents the results for Atlantic cod (<span class="html-italic">G. morhua</span>); (<b>B</b>) represents the results for Atlantic salmon (<span class="html-italic">S. salar</span>); and (<b>C</b>) represents the results for rainbow trout (<span class="html-italic">O. mykiss</span>). For each species, P11 (red line) represents the LAMP reaction based on the self-quenching probe only (BIP-FAM, S-LB-6-FAM, R-LB-FAM); P2 (green line) represents the LAMP reaction based on the self-quenching probe and a partially complementary sequence (BIP-HP18, S-LB-6-FAM-HP2, R-LB-FAM-HP4); and P3 (blue line) represents the LAMP reaction based on the self-quenching probe and a partially complementary sequence modified with an additional G mismatch from the 3′ end (BIP-FAM21, S-LB-6-FAM-HP2S, R-LB-FAM-HP4S). N1-N3 represent the negative control for each amplification. For sensitivity evaluation, the 10-fold serial dilutions of total DNA (from 10 ng to 10<sup>−4</sup> ng) were prepared for each species.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3816'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 2429 KiB   </span> <a href="/1996-1944/17/23/5802/pdf?version=1732642074" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Research on the Measurement Technology for Pretension Stress on Small-Sized Bolts Based on the Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Resonance Method" data-journal="materials"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1996-1944/17/23/5802">Research on the Measurement Technology for Pretension Stress on Small-Sized Bolts Based on the Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Resonance Method</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bing Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chunlang Luo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Li Xia</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lintao Xu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guanglong Yan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Feifei Qiu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guoqing Gou</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Materials</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>17</em>(23), 5802; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17235802 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> With the widespread application of small-sized bolts in aerospace and other fields, the demand for measuring their connection structures is increasing. Currently, although ultrasonic longitudinal wave methods are commonly used for bolt pretension stress measurement, their accuracy is limited for small-sized bolts. This <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/23/5802/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> With the widespread application of small-sized bolts in aerospace and other fields, the demand for measuring their connection structures is increasing. Currently, although ultrasonic longitudinal wave methods are commonly used for bolt pretension stress measurement, their accuracy is limited for small-sized bolts. This paper proposes a piezoelectric acoustic resonance method (PZTAR) for small-sized bolt pretension stress measurement based on acoustic elasticity theory, ultrasonic resonance principles, and a bolt stress–strain model. The method involves analyzing the ultrasonic time-domain signals of small-sized bolts under load in the frequency domain to better evaluate the changes in the ultrasonic frequencies under different pretension stress. The effectiveness of this method is verified through pretension stress measurement experiments. The results indicate that the proposed ultrasonic resonance method achieves an average error of less than 5% for M5 specification bolts. Compared to traditional ultrasonic time delay methods, the proposed method demonstrates higher measurement accuracy. Additionally, the ultrasonic resonance method exhibits better robustness during the measurement process. <a href="/1996-1944/17/23/5802">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/materials/special_issues/IY1TMV8E40 ">Advancements in Ultrasonic Testing for Metallurgical Materials</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1530314" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1530314" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1530314" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4065/s1?version=1732641676"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 485 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 3539 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4065/pdf?version=1732641675" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4065">Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yongxuan Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Li Hua</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qingqing Ran</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiawei Gu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yujia Bao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jinli Sun</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lan Wu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mu He</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuzheng Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jinxin Gu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jinjun Ran</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4065; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234065 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background:</b> Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are promising nutrients for the prevention and management of psychiatric disorders. Both animal experiments and cohort studies have demonstrated the antidepressant effects of PUFAs, especially omega-3 PUFAs. However, inconsistent reports about specific types of PUFAs, such as the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4065/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background:</b> Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are promising nutrients for the prevention and management of psychiatric disorders. Both animal experiments and cohort studies have demonstrated the antidepressant effects of PUFAs, especially omega-3 PUFAs. However, inconsistent reports about specific types of PUFAs, such as the omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs, still exist. <b>Objectives:</b> To assess the effects of specific PUFAs on mental disorders and related symptoms and explore the potential mechanisms involving white matter microstructure. <b>Methods:</b> Leveraging 102,252 residents from the UK Biobank, the effects of five PUFA measures on depressive disorder and anxiety disorder were explored through Cox regression models with full adjustment for possible confounders. Furthermore, the effects on related psychiatric symptoms and brain white matter microstructures were also estimated using logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models, respectively. <b>Results:</b> In this study, plasma levels of five PUFAs measured in quartile 4 were associated with lower risks of incident depressive disorder compared with the lowest quartile, with hazard ratios of 0.80 [95% confidence interval] = [0.71, 0.90] for total PUFAs, 0.86 [0.76, 0.97] for omega-3 PUFAs, 0.80 [0.71, 0.91] for docosahexaenoic acid, 0.79 [0.70, 0.89] for omega-6 PUFAs, and 0.77 [0.69, 0.87] for linoleic acid. Similar associations were observed between PUFAs and the incident risk of anxiety disorder. In addition, high plasma PUFA levels were also related to lower risks of occurrence of several adverse psychological symptoms, especially omega-3 PUFAs and DHA. Among the included participants, 8780 individuals with brain imaging information were included in further neuroimaging analyses, and significant associations with white matter microstructures were observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> Thus, this study provides population-based evidence to support the value of interventions to target PUFAs (specifically omega-3 PUFAs) for the prevention and improvement of mental health. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4065">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/0Y5R651ORK ">Omega-3 Fatty Acids throughout the Lifecycle: Innovative Advances for Prevention and Therapeutics</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4065/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530314"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530314"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530314" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530314" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530314" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530314-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04065/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04065-g001-550.jpg?1732641943" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1530314" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530314-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04065/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04065-g002-550.jpg?1732641944'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530314-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04065/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04065-g003-550.jpg?1732641946'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530314-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04065/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04065-g001-550.jpg?1732641943" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Study workflow. Our study extracted data from 102,252 residents in the UK Biobank with longitudinal outcomes, including depressive and anxiety disorders. The related psychiatric symptoms were also considered as primary outcomes. Brain white matter microstructures were derived as secondary outcomes. The study population, exclusions, and missing data are also presented. Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to assess the associations between plasma PUFA levels and mental disorders. Hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in our analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted and were mainly stratified by age (&lt;60/≥60), sex (male/female), INFLA score (low/high), and MetS (yes/no). Further analyses were conducted to estimate the relationships of plasma PUFAs with symptoms and white matter microstructures by logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models, respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4065'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04065/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04065-g002-550.jpg?1732641944" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Associations between plasma PUFA levels and psychiatric symptoms. The relationships of omega-3 PUFAs, DHA, omega-6 PUFAs, and LA, with the 19 symptoms were estimated among 24,003 participants with available information utilizing logistic regression models. Data are presented as the ORs. Significance was determined through the FDR-corrected <span class="html-italic">p</span> value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4065'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04065/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04065-g003-550.jpg?1732641946" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Associations between plasma PUFA levels and white matter tracts. The associations between plasma PUFA levels and the MD and ISOVF values of white matter tracts were estimated among 8780 participants with available neuroimaging data utilizing multiple linear regression models. Data are presented as <span class="html-italic">β</span>s. Significance was determined through the FDR-corrected <span class="html-italic">p</span> value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4065'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 4726 KiB   </span> <a href="/1099-4300/26/12/1025/pdf?version=1732641617" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Quantum Circuit Architecture Search on a Superconducting Processor" data-journal="entropy"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1099-4300/26/12/1025">Quantum Circuit Architecture Search on a Superconducting Processor</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kehuan Linghu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yang Qian</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ruixia Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Meng-Jun Hu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhiyuan Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xuegang Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huikai Xu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jingning Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Teng Ma</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Peng Zhao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dong E. Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Min-Hsiu Hsieh</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xingyao Wu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuxuan Du</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dacheng Tao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yirong Jin</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Haifeng Yu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Entropy</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>26</em>(12), 1025; https://doi.org/10.3390/e26121025 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have shown strong evidence to gain provable computational advantages in diverse fields such as finance, machine learning, and chemistry. However, the heuristic ansatz exploited in modern VQAs is incapable of balancing the trade-off between expressivity and trainability, which may <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/12/1025/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have shown strong evidence to gain provable computational advantages in diverse fields such as finance, machine learning, and chemistry. However, the heuristic ansatz exploited in modern VQAs is incapable of balancing the trade-off between expressivity and trainability, which may lead to degraded performance when executed on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) machines. To address this issue, here, we demonstrate the first proof-of-principle experiment of applying an efficient automatic ansatz design technique, i.e., quantum architecture search (QAS), to enhance VQAs on an 8-qubit superconducting quantum processor. In particular, we apply QAS to tailor the hardware-efficient ansatz toward classification tasks. Compared with heuristic ansätze, the ansatz designed by QAS improves the test accuracy from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>31</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>98</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. We further explain this superior performance by visualizing the loss landscape and analyzing effective parameters of all ansätze. Our work provides concrete guidance for developing variable ansätze to tackle various large-scale quantum learning problems with advantages. <a href="/1099-4300/26/12/1025">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/entropy/special_issues/53DRWCV559 ">Quantum Information: Working towards Applications</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 26 pages, 1368 KiB   </span> <a href="/1424-8220/24/23/7555/pdf?version=1732641422" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Research Advances in Marine Aquaculture Net-Cleaning Robots" data-journal="sensors"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1424-8220/24/23/7555">Research Advances in Marine Aquaculture Net-Cleaning Robots</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Heng Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chuhua Jiang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Junhua Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hao Li</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yongqi Chen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Sensors</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>24</em>(23), 7555; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237555 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In the realm of marine aquaculture, the netting of cages frequently accumulates marine fouling, which impedes water circulation and poses safety hazards. Traditional manual cleaning methods are marked by inefficiency, high labor demands, substantial costs, and considerable environmental degradation. This paper initially presents <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7555/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In the realm of marine aquaculture, the netting of cages frequently accumulates marine fouling, which impedes water circulation and poses safety hazards. Traditional manual cleaning methods are marked by inefficiency, high labor demands, substantial costs, and considerable environmental degradation. This paper initially presents the current utilization of net-cleaning robots in the cleaning, underwater inspection, and monitoring of aquaculture cages, highlighting their benefits in enhancing operational efficiency and minimizing costs. Subsequently, it reviews key technologies such as underwater image acquisition, visual recognition, adhesion-based movement, efficient fouling removal, motion control, and positioning navigation. Ultimately, it anticipates the future trajectory of net-cleaning robots, emphasizing their potential for intelligence and sustainability, which could drive the marine aquaculture industry towards a more efficient and eco-friendly era. <a href="/1424-8220/24/23/7555">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/sensors/sections/robotics">Sensors and Robotics</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 3511 KiB   </span> <a href="/1996-1944/17/23/5801/pdf?version=1732641377" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Formation of the Cu+Nb Interlayer in the Inconel 718/Ti6Al4V Multi-Material Obtained by Selective Laser Melting" data-journal="materials"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1996-1944/17/23/5801">Formation of the Cu+Nb Interlayer in the Inconel 718/Ti6Al4V Multi-Material Obtained by Selective Laser Melting</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Arseniy Repnin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Evgenii Borisov</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anatoly Popovich</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Materials</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>17</em>(23), 5801; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17235801 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This study examines the Inconel 718/Ti6Al4V multi-material with a Cu and Nb interlayer produced by SLM. To achieve this, it is necessary to investigate the microstructure, the chemical and phase composition, and the hardness of the interfacial zone in the multi-material samples. Furthermore, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/23/5801/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This study examines the Inconel 718/Ti6Al4V multi-material with a Cu and Nb interlayer produced by SLM. To achieve this, it is necessary to investigate the microstructure, the chemical and phase composition, and the hardness of the interfacial zone in the multi-material samples. Furthermore, it is necessary to determine the impact of interlayer utilization on the mechanical properties of multi-material samples. The investigation showed that the formation of island macro-segregation was observed in all interfacial zones of the multi-material samples. The interfacial zones, Ti6Al4V/Nb and Cu/Inconel 718, exhibited a relatively sharp transition in the chemical composition. In contrast, the Cu/Nb interfacial zone exhibited a gradual transition. The results of the chemical composition study indicated that the width of the Nb/Cu transition zone was approximately 700 μm. No new phases were identified in the production of the multi-material samples. The typical phases were present in the alloy zone, as well as in the Nb/Cu interfacial zone. During the transition from the Ti6Al4V zone to the Inconel 718 zone through the Nb and Cu zones, the average microhardness values changed as follows: 270 → 190 → 120 → 300 HV. The ultimate tensile strength values for the multi-material samples reached 910 MPa. <a href="/1996-1944/17/23/5801">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/materials/sections/metals_alloys">Metals and Alloys</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 21 pages, 1881 KiB   </span> <a href="/2076-3417/14/23/11006/pdf?version=1732641200" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Tabular Data Models for Predicting Art Auction Results" data-journal="applsci"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2076-3417/14/23/11006">Tabular Data Models for Predicting Art Auction Results</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Patryk Mauer</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Szczepan Paszkiel</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Appl. Sci.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(23), 11006; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142311006 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Predicting art auction results presents a unique challenge due to the complexity and variability of factors influencing artwork prices. This study explores a range of machine learning architectures designed to forecast auction outcomes using tabular data, including historical auction records, artwork characteristics, artist <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/23/11006/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Predicting art auction results presents a unique challenge due to the complexity and variability of factors influencing artwork prices. This study explores a range of machine learning architectures designed to forecast auction outcomes using tabular data, including historical auction records, artwork characteristics, artist profiles, and market indicators. We evaluate traditional models such as LinearModel, K-Nearest Neighbors, DecisionTree, RandomForest, XGBoost, CatBoost, LightGBM, MLP, VIME, ModelTree, DeepGBM, DeepFM, and SAINT. By comparing the performance of these models on a dataset comprising extensive auction results, we provide insights into their relative effectiveness across different scenarios. Additionally, we address the interpretability of models, which is crucial for understanding the influence of various features on predictions. The results suggest that while some models perform better than others, no single approach offers consistently high accuracy across all cases. This study provides guidance for auction houses, art investors, and market analysts in refining predictive approaches, identifying key challenges, and understanding where further improvements are needed for more accurate data-driven decisions in the art market. <a href="/2076-3417/14/23/11006">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/applsci/special_issues/X0051995IE ">Randomized Neural Networks and Deep Learning: Research Frontiers and Cutting-Edge Applications</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 2592 KiB   </span> <a href="/1660-4601/21/12/1573/pdf?version=1732641051" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Outdoor Pollution Comparison Between Bucharest and Its Outskirts Using Mobile Laboratory" data-journal="ijerph"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1660-4601/21/12/1573">Outdoor Pollution Comparison Between Bucharest and Its Outskirts Using Mobile Laboratory</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Razvan Stefan Popescu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lelia Letitia Popescu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tiberiu Catalina</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>21</em>(12), 1573; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21121573 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This study presents a modern mobile laboratory to monitor outdoor air quality in Bucharest, Romania, with a focus on pollutants associated with transportation. Particulate matter (PM<sub>2</sub>.<sub>5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub></sub> <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/12/1573/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This study presents a modern mobile laboratory to monitor outdoor air quality in Bucharest, Romania, with a focus on pollutants associated with transportation. Particulate matter (PM<sub>2</sub>.<sub>5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO<sub>2</sub>), and BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) were among the significant pollutants that were examined in the lab. Meteorological variables such wind direction and speed, temperature, humidity, and solar radiation were also routinely observed in order to assess their influence on pollution levels. The study looked at two locations—a bustling city road in Bucharest and a remote community 40 kmawayin Snagov—under a range of weather conditions, including sunny, rainy, warm, and chilly days. The findings showed that the primary source of pollution in the urban area, which had significantly higher pollution levels than the rural site, was transportation. Particularly in the city, alarming concentrations of harmful particulate matter and carcinogens like benzene were found, underscoring the need for continuous air quality monitoring. The weather has a major impact on the dispersal of contaminants. Because of washout effects, rainy days decreased airborne pollutants, but sunny days showed higher pollution deposition. This study highlights the importance of outdoor air quality monitoring, particularly in urban environments, where traffic and weather have a significant impact on pollution levels. These findings provide crucial data that policymakers can utilize to implement targeted pollution control measures that protect human health. <a href="/1660-4601/21/12/1573">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/ijerph/sections/environment_health">Environmental Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/12/1573/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530309"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530309"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530309" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530309" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530309" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530309-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g001-550.jpg?1732641135" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1530309" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530309-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g002-550.jpg?1732641137'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530309-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g003-550.jpg?1732641139'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1530309-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g004-550.jpg?1732641140'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1530309-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g005-550.jpg?1732641142'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1530309-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g006-550.jpg?1732641145'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1530309-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g007-550.jpg?1732641147'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530309-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g001-550.jpg?1732641135" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Mobile lab used for pollution measurements.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1660-4601/21/12/1573'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g002-550.jpg?1732641137" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Measured locations, Bucharest (<b>a</b>) and Snagov (<b>b</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1660-4601/21/12/1573'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g003-550.jpg?1732641139" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Daily mean BTEX concentrations between the two locations.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1660-4601/21/12/1573'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g004-550.jpg?1732641140" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>BTEX compounds during a sunny (<b>a</b>) and rainy day (<b>b</b>), measured in PP.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1660-4601/21/12/1573'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g005-550.jpg?1732641142" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Particulate matter PM<sub>2</sub>.<sub>5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> on a sunny and a rainy day.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1660-4601/21/12/1573'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g006-550.jpg?1732641145" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Concentrations of ozone on a sunny day in PP.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1660-4601/21/12/1573'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/ijerph/ijerph-21-01573/article_deploy/html/images/ijerph-21-01573-g007-550.jpg?1732641147" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Concentrations of ozone compared to NOx concentrations.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1660-4601/21/12/1573'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 445 KiB   </span> <a href="/1660-4601/21/12/1572/pdf?version=1732641027" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Urban and Rural Differences in the Efficacy of a Mobile Health Depression Treatment for Young Adults" data-journal="ijerph"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1660-4601/21/12/1572">Urban and Rural Differences in the Efficacy of a Mobile Health Depression Treatment for Young Adults</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jeremy Mennis</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>J. Douglas Coatsworth</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michael Russell</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nikola Zaharakis</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aaron R. Brown</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michael J. Mason</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>21</em>(12), 1572; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21121572 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Depression among young adults represents a growing health problem in the U.S., but access to effective treatment remains a challenge. Mobile health (mHealth) approaches promise to deliver accessible and effective depression treatment; however, questions remain regarding how mHealth depression treatment efficacy may vary <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/12/1572/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Depression among young adults represents a growing health problem in the U.S., but access to effective treatment remains a challenge. Mobile health (mHealth) approaches promise to deliver accessible and effective depression treatment; however, questions remain regarding how mHealth depression treatment efficacy may vary geographically based on urban and rural environmental contexts. The present study addresses this knowledge gap by leveraging data from a randomized clinical trial of an mHealth depression treatment called Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-text (CBT-txt) as applied to a sample of 103 U.S. young adults (ages 18–25). Prior research has demonstrated the efficacy of CBT-txt to reduce depressive symptoms. In the present study, we conduct an exploratory, post hoc analysis employing moderated growth curve modeling to investigate whether observed treatment efficacy differed between study participants residing in rural versus urban areas. The findings indicate that CBT-txt treatment effects in terms of reducing depression symptoms were significantly stronger for young adults residing in rural, as compared to urban, regions (β = 13.759, 95% CI = 0.796, 26.723, <i>p</i> < 0.038). We speculate that this is because of the lack of mental healthcare resources in rural, as compared to urban areas, as well as the greater level of environmental stressors, such as artificial light and noise, found in cities, which may mitigate treatment effects. <a href="/1660-4601/21/12/1572">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/ijerph/sections/environment_health">Environmental Health</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 817 KiB   </span> <a href="/2077-0472/14/12/2152/pdf?version=1732640873" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Evaluating Dietary Red Lentil Screenings on Performance, Antioxidant Status, Caecal Environment, and Intestinal Morphometric Features in Rabbits" data-journal="agriculture"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2077-0472/14/12/2152">Evaluating Dietary Red Lentil Screenings on Performance, Antioxidant Status, Caecal Environment, and Intestinal Morphometric Features in Rabbits</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gianluca Pugliese</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Caterina Losacco</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Letizia Passantino</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giovanni Lentini</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maria M. Cavalluzzi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michele Schiavitto</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Simona Tarricone</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vito Laudadio</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vincenzo Tufarelli</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Agriculture</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(12), 2152; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122152 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Among the goals of global environmental policies, one is to achieve a critical rethinking of the agro-industrial production chain aimed at enhancing its sustainability and resilience while addressing its environmental impact. Lentils are widespread worldwide and are consumed as part of traditional dishes, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2152/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Among the goals of global environmental policies, one is to achieve a critical rethinking of the agro-industrial production chain aimed at enhancing its sustainability and resilience while addressing its environmental impact. Lentils are widespread worldwide and are consumed as part of traditional dishes, and their health-promoting benefits are currently well recognized. Their industrial processing for human consumption implies the generation of different by-products which can be used as promising alternative feedstuff. Calling for the future sustainable development of rabbit farming, the present study questions the dietary inclusion of red lentil screenings (RLS) as an upcycling strategy for this by-product, as well as to ease the challenges faced by the rabbit-farming system. A total of 120 male Bianca Italiana breed growing rabbits aged 42 days were allotted to three dietary treatments containing different levels of RLS: 0 (RLS0), 5 (RLS5), or 10% (RLS10), respectively, for 6 weeks. At 84 days (slaughter age), meat, plasma, and intestinal samples were collected. The RLS inclusion showed no adverse effects on growth performance. However, significant differences were found in the meat fatty acid profile, where both RLS5 and RLS10 groups showed reduced C18:0 percentage and higher MUFA content owing to an increase in C18:1 n-9; moreover, RLS5 showed a significant increase in C16:1 trans. On the other hand, only RLS10 recorded a significant reduction in the PUFA total content due to decreased single unsaturated fatty acid (C18:2 n-6; C20:3 n-6; C22:5 n-3). Dietary RLS significantly decreased serum total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL, along with an enhancement of the overall serum antioxidant capacity. The results regarding the rabbit caecal characteristics and microbial population were found to be similar among the groups. However, referring to histomorphometric measurements, both RLS5 and RLS10 groups displayed significant increases in villus height and an improved villus height to crypt depth ratio. In conclusion, up to 10% RLS in the diets rabbits can be considered an effort-effective feeding strategy to modulate rabbit meat fatty acid profiles, to enhance the endogenous antioxidant capacity, and to improve the serum lipid profile and intestinal morphology. <a href="/2077-0472/14/12/2152">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/agriculture/special_issues/8LCFR2QSEA ">Valorization of Agri-Food Waste Bioresources for Sustainable Livestock Feeding</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 29 pages, 4818 KiB   </span> <a href="/2075-4418/14/23/2666/pdf?version=1732640711" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="ChMinMaxPat: Investigations on Violence and Stress Detection Using EEG Signals" data-journal="diagnostics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2075-4418/14/23/2666">ChMinMaxPat: Investigations on Violence and Stress Detection Using EEG Signals</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Omer Bektas</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Serkan Kirik</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Irem Tasci</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rena Hajiyeva</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Emrah Aydemir</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sengul Dogan</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Turker Tuncer</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Diagnostics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(23), 2666; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232666 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background and Objectives: Electroencephalography (EEG) signals, often termed the letters of the brain, are one of the most cost-effective methods for gathering valuable information about brain activity. This study presents a new explainable feature engineering (XFE) model designed to classify EEG data for <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/23/2666/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background and Objectives: Electroencephalography (EEG) signals, often termed the letters of the brain, are one of the most cost-effective methods for gathering valuable information about brain activity. This study presents a new explainable feature engineering (XFE) model designed to classify EEG data for violence detection. The primary objective is to assess the classification capability of the proposed XFE model, which uses a next-generation feature extractor, and to obtain interpretable findings for EEG-based violence and stress detection. Materials and Methods: In this research, two distinct EEG signal datasets were used to obtain classification and explainable results. The recommended XFE model utilizes a channel-based minimum and maximum pattern (ChMinMaxPat) feature extraction function, which generates 15 distinct feature vectors from EEG data. Cumulative weight-based neighborhood component analysis (CWNCA) is employed to select the most informative features from these vectors. Classification is performed by applying an iterative and ensemble t-algorithm-based k-nearest neighbors (tkNN) classifier to each feature vector. Information fusion is achieved through iterative majority voting (IMV), which consolidates the 15 tkNN classification results. Finally, the Directed Lobish (DLob) symbolic language generates interpretable outputs by leveraging the identities of the selected features. Together, the tkNN classifier, IMV-based information fusion, and DLob-based explainable feature extraction transform the model into a self-organizing explainable feature engineering (SOXFE) framework. Results: The ChMinMaxPat-based model achieved over 70% accuracy on both datasets with leave-one-record-out (LORO) cross-validation (CV) and over 90% accuracy with 10-fold CV. For each dataset, 15 DLob strings were generated, providing explainable outputs based on these symbolic representations. Conclusions: The ChMinMaxPat-based SOXFE model demonstrates high classification accuracy and interpretability in detecting violence and stress from EEG signals. This model contributes to both feature engineering and neuroscience by enabling explainable EEG classification, underscoring the potential importance of EEG analysis in clinical and forensic applications. <a href="/2075-4418/14/23/2666">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/diagnostics/special_issues/0MH57B8133 ">EEG Analysis in Diagnostics</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/23/2666/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530305"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530305"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530305" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530305" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530305" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g001-550.jpg?1732640821" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1530305" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g002-550.jpg?1732640822'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g003-550.jpg?1732640823'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g004-550.jpg?1732640826'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g005-550.jpg?1732640828'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g006-550.jpg?1732640830'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g007-550.jpg?1732640832'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g008a-550.jpg?1732640833'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g008b-550.jpg?1732640834'><p>Figure 8 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A1a-550.jpg?1732640839'><p>Figure A1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A1b-550.jpg?1732640841'><p>Figure A1 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A2a-550.jpg?1732640845'><p>Figure A2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1530305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A2b-550.jpg?1732640847'><p>Figure A2 Cont.</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530305-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g001-550.jpg?1732640821" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Sample EEG signals with 14 channels. Here, each color defines each channel.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g002-550.jpg?1732640822" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>A graphical overview of the presented ChMinMaxPat-based SOXFE model.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g003-550.jpg?1732640823" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Confusion matrices of the datasets used. (i) The EEG violence detection dataset. Herein, 0 is the control, and 1 is violence; (<b>a</b>) 10-fold CV; (b) LORO CV. (ii) The EEG stress detection dataset. Herein, 1 is stress, and 2 is the control; (<b>c</b>) 10-fold CV; (<b>d</b>) LORO CV.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g004-550.jpg?1732640826" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Analysis of the violence detection DLob strings. (<b>a</b>) Entropy; (<b>b</b>) Histogram.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g005-550.jpg?1732640828" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Analysis of the stress detection DLob strings. (<b>a</b>) Entropy; (<b>b</b>) Histogram.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g006-550.jpg?1732640830" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of the feature vectors’ classification abilities. (<b>a</b>) Violence detection; (<b>b</b>) Stress detection.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g007-550.jpg?1732640832" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>A performance comparison of the classifiers using the 14th feature of the EEG violence detection dataset. Herein, DT: Decision Tree; LD: Linear Discriminant; LR: Logistic Regression; NB: Naïve Bayes; SVM: support vector machine; ESkNN: Ensemble Subspace kNN; MLP: Multi-Layer Perceptron; BT: Bagged Tree.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g008a-550.jpg?1732640833" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The average classification accuracies of the voted outcomes and the tkNN-based outcomes. (<b>a</b>) Violence; (<b>b</b>) Stress.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g008b-550.jpg?1732640834" title=" <strong>Figure 8 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>The average classification accuracies of the voted outcomes and the tkNN-based outcomes. (<b>a</b>) Violence; (<b>b</b>) Stress.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A1a-550.jpg?1732640839" title=" <strong>Figure A1</strong><br/> <p>Connectome diagrams from EEG violence detection; (<b>a</b>) Selected feature vector 1; (<b>b</b>) Selected feature vector 2; (<b>c</b>) Selected feature vector 3; (<b>d</b>) Selected feature vector 4; (<b>e</b>) Selected feature vector 5; (<b>f</b>) Selected feature vector 6; (<b>g</b>) Selected feature vector 7; (<b>h</b>) Selected feature vector 8; (<b>i</b>) Selected feature vector 9; (<b>j</b>) Selected feature vector 10; (<b>k</b>) Selected feature vector 11; (<b>l</b>) Selected feature vector 12; (<b>m</b>) Selected feature vector 13; (<b>n</b>) Selected feature vector 14; (<b>o</b>) Selected feature vector 15.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A1b-550.jpg?1732640841" title=" <strong>Figure A1 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Connectome diagrams from EEG violence detection; (<b>a</b>) Selected feature vector 1; (<b>b</b>) Selected feature vector 2; (<b>c</b>) Selected feature vector 3; (<b>d</b>) Selected feature vector 4; (<b>e</b>) Selected feature vector 5; (<b>f</b>) Selected feature vector 6; (<b>g</b>) Selected feature vector 7; (<b>h</b>) Selected feature vector 8; (<b>i</b>) Selected feature vector 9; (<b>j</b>) Selected feature vector 10; (<b>k</b>) Selected feature vector 11; (<b>l</b>) Selected feature vector 12; (<b>m</b>) Selected feature vector 13; (<b>n</b>) Selected feature vector 14; (<b>o</b>) Selected feature vector 15.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A2a-550.jpg?1732640845" title=" <strong>Figure A2</strong><br/> <p>Connectome diagrams from EEG stress detection. (<b>a</b>) Selected feature vector 1; (<b>b</b>) Selected feature vector 2; (<b>c</b>) Selected feature vector 3; (<b>d</b>) Selected feature vector 4; (<b>e</b>) Selected feature vector 5; (<b>f</b>) Selected feature vector 6; (<b>g</b>) Selected feature vector 7; (<b>h</b>) Selected feature vector 8; (<b>i</b>) Selected feature vector 9; (<b>j</b>) Selected feature vector 10; (<b>k</b>) Selected feature vector 11; (<b>l</b>) Selected feature vector 12; (<b>m</b>) Selected feature vector 13; (<b>n</b>) Selected feature vector 14; (<b>o</b>) Selected feature vector 15.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02666/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02666-g0A2b-550.jpg?1732640847" title=" <strong>Figure A2 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Connectome diagrams from EEG stress detection. (<b>a</b>) Selected feature vector 1; (<b>b</b>) Selected feature vector 2; (<b>c</b>) Selected feature vector 3; (<b>d</b>) Selected feature vector 4; (<b>e</b>) Selected feature vector 5; (<b>f</b>) Selected feature vector 6; (<b>g</b>) Selected feature vector 7; (<b>h</b>) Selected feature vector 8; (<b>i</b>) Selected feature vector 9; (<b>j</b>) Selected feature vector 10; (<b>k</b>) Selected feature vector 11; (<b>l</b>) Selected feature vector 12; (<b>m</b>) Selected feature vector 13; (<b>n</b>) Selected feature vector 14; (<b>o</b>) Selected feature vector 15.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/23/2666'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 23 pages, 893 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-4292/16/23/4429/pdf?version=1732640758" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Characteristic Description and Statistical Model-Based Method for Sea Clutter Modeling" data-journal="remotesensing"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-4292/16/23/4429">Characteristic Description and Statistical Model-Based Method for Sea Clutter Modeling</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huafeng He</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhen Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhang Xin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jia Jianguang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>He Yaomin</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>You Yongquan</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Remote Sens.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4429; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234429 (registering DOI) - 26 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The modeling and analysis of sea clutter are of great significance in radar target detection studies in marine environments. Sea clutter typically exhibits non-Gaussian characteristics and spatiotemporal correlations, posing challenges for modeling, especially when generating simulation data of continuous correlated non-Gaussian random processes. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4429/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The modeling and analysis of sea clutter are of great significance in radar target detection studies in marine environments. Sea clutter typically exhibits non-Gaussian characteristics and spatiotemporal correlations, posing challenges for modeling, especially when generating simulation data of continuous correlated non-Gaussian random processes. This paper proposes a novel method for sea clutter modeling. First, feature description functions are constructed to individually characterize the amplitude, temporal, and spatial correlations of sea clutter, allowing for an accurate depiction of its characteristics with fewer parameters. Subsequently, simulation data are generated based on these feature description functions, satisfying the amplitude distribution, temporal correlation, and spatial correlation characteristics of sea clutter. Additionally, complex signal forms are introduced in the underlying signal processing to generate texture and speckle components of sea clutter, enhancing the alignment of simulation data with actual data. Through comparison with measured sea clutter data, the proposed method has been shown to accurately simulate complex sea clutter with real-world characteristics. <a href="/2072-4292/16/23/4429">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item last-item"> <a class="bold" href="/search?sort=pubdate&page_count=50">More Articles...</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="left-column" class="content__column large-3 large-pull-6 medium-3 medium-pull-6 small-12 columns"> <div id="js-large-main-top-container"> <div id="js-main-top-container" class="content__container top-border"> <h1 class="show-for-medium-up display-as-h2"> Open Access Journals </h1> <div class="box_content" style="padding-bottom: 10px;"> <select id="js-home-journal-select" class="chosen-select" data-placeholder="Find Journal..."> <option value="empty"> </option> <option value="acoustics">Acoustics</option> <option value="amh">Acta Microbiologica Hellenica (AMH)</option> <option 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value="birds">Birds</option> <option value="blockchains">Blockchains</option> <option value="brainsci">Brain Sciences</option> <option value="buildings">Buildings</option> <option value="businesses">Businesses</option> <option value="carbon">C</option> <option value="cancers">Cancers</option> <option value="cardiogenetics">Cardiogenetics</option> <option value="catalysts">Catalysts</option> <option value="cells">Cells</option> <option value="ceramics">Ceramics</option> <option value="challenges">Challenges</option> <option value="ChemEngineering">ChemEngineering</option> <option value="chemistry">Chemistry</option> <option value="chemproc">Chemistry Proceedings</option> <option value="chemosensors">Chemosensors</option> <option value="children">Children</option> <option value="chips">Chips</option> <option value="civileng">CivilEng</option> <option value="cleantechnol">Clean Technologies (Clean Technol.)</option> <option value="climate">Climate</option> <option value="ctn">Clinical and Translational Neuroscience (CTN)</option> <option value="clinbioenerg">Clinical Bioenergetics</option> <option value="clinpract">Clinics and Practice</option> <option value="clockssleep">Clocks & Sleep</option> <option value="coasts">Coasts</option> <option value="coatings">Coatings</option> <option value="colloids">Colloids and Interfaces</option> <option value="colorants">Colorants</option> <option value="commodities">Commodities</option> <option value="complications">Complications</option> <option value="compounds">Compounds</option> <option value="computation">Computation</option> <option value="csmf">Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum</option> <option value="computers">Computers</option> <option value="condensedmatter">Condensed Matter</option> <option value="conservation">Conservation</option> <option value="constrmater">Construction Materials</option> <option value="cmd">Corrosion and Materials Degradation (CMD)</option> <option value="cosmetics">Cosmetics</option> <option value="covid">COVID</option> <option value="crops">Crops</option> <option value="cryo">Cryo</option> <option value="cryptography">Cryptography</option> <option value="crystals">Crystals</option> <option value="cimb">Current Issues in Molecular Biology (CIMB)</option> <option value="curroncol">Current Oncology</option> <option value="dairy">Dairy</option> <option value="data">Data</option> <option value="dentistry">Dentistry Journal</option> <option value="dermato">Dermato</option> <option value="dermatopathology">Dermatopathology</option> <option value="designs">Designs</option> <option value="diabetology">Diabetology</option> <option value="diagnostics">Diagnostics</option> <option value="dietetics">Dietetics</option> <option value="digital">Digital</option> <option value="disabilities">Disabilities</option> <option value="diseases">Diseases</option> <option value="diversity">Diversity</option> <option value="dna">DNA</option> <option value="drones">Drones</option> <option value="ddc">Drugs and Drug Candidates (DDC)</option> <option value="dynamics">Dynamics</option> <option value="earth">Earth</option> <option value="ecologies">Ecologies</option> <option value="econometrics">Econometrics</option> <option value="economies">Economies</option> <option value="education">Education Sciences</option> <option value="electricity">Electricity</option> <option value="electrochem">Electrochem</option> <option value="electronicmat">Electronic Materials</option> <option value="electronics">Electronics</option> <option value="ecm">Emergency Care and Medicine</option> <option value="encyclopedia">Encyclopedia</option> <option value="endocrines">Endocrines</option> <option value="energies">Energies</option> <option value="esa">Energy Storage and Applications (ESA)</option> <option value="eng">Eng</option> <option value="engproc">Engineering Proceedings</option> <option value="entropy">Entropy</option> <option value="environsciproc">Environmental Sciences Proceedings</option> <option value="environments">Environments</option> <option value="epidemiologia">Epidemiologia</option> <option value="epigenomes">Epigenomes</option> <option value="ebj">European Burn Journal (EBJ)</option> <option value="ejihpe">European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE)</option> <option value="fermentation">Fermentation</option> <option value="fibers">Fibers</option> <option value="fintech">FinTech</option> <option value="fire">Fire</option> <option value="fishes">Fishes</option> <option value="fluids">Fluids</option> <option value="foods">Foods</option> <option value="forecasting">Forecasting</option> <option value="forensicsci">Forensic Sciences</option> <option value="forests">Forests</option> <option value="fossstud">Fossil Studies</option> <option value="foundations">Foundations</option> <option value="fractalfract">Fractal and Fractional (Fractal Fract)</option> <option value="fuels">Fuels</option> <option value="future">Future</option> <option value="futureinternet">Future Internet</option> <option value="futurepharmacol">Future Pharmacology</option> <option value="futuretransp">Future Transportation</option> <option value="galaxies">Galaxies</option> <option value="games">Games</option> <option value="gases">Gases</option> <option value="gastroent">Gastroenterology Insights</option> <option value="gastrointestdisord">Gastrointestinal Disorders</option> <option value="gastronomy">Gastronomy</option> <option value="gels">Gels</option> <option value="genealogy">Genealogy</option> <option value="genes">Genes</option> <option value="geographies">Geographies</option> <option value="geohazards">GeoHazards</option> <option value="geomatics">Geomatics</option> <option value="geometry">Geometry</option> <option value="geosciences">Geosciences</option> <option value="geotechnics">Geotechnics</option> <option value="geriatrics">Geriatrics</option> <option value="glacies">Glacies</option> <option 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value="infrastructures">Infrastructures</option> <option value="inorganics">Inorganics</option> <option value="insects">Insects</option> <option value="instruments">Instruments</option> <option value="iic">Intelligent Infrastructure and Construction</option> <option value="ijerph">International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH)</option> <option value="ijfs">International Journal of Financial Studies (IJFS)</option> <option value="ijms">International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS)</option> <option value="IJNS">International Journal of Neonatal Screening (IJNS)</option> <option value="ijpb">International Journal of Plant Biology (IJPB)</option> <option value="ijt">International Journal of Topology</option> <option value="ijtm">International Journal of Translational Medicine (IJTM)</option> <option value="ijtpp">International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power (IJTPP)</option> <option value="ime">International Medical Education (IME)</option> <option value="inventions">Inventions</option> <option value="IoT">IoT</option> <option value="ijgi">ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (IJGI)</option> <option value="J">J</option> <option value="jal">Journal of Ageing and Longevity (JAL)</option> <option value="jcdd">Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD)</option> <option value="jcto">Journal of Clinical & Translational Ophthalmology (JCTO)</option> <option value="jcm">Journal of Clinical Medicine (JCM)</option> <option value="jcs">Journal of Composites Science (J. Compos. Sci.)</option> <option value="jcp">Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy (JCP)</option> <option value="jdad">Journal of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (JDAD)</option> <option value="jdb">Journal of Developmental Biology (JDB)</option> <option value="jeta">Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses (JETA)</option> <option value="jfb">Journal of Functional Biomaterials (JFB)</option> <option value="jfmk">Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (JFMK)</option> <option value="jof">Journal of Fungi (JoF)</option> <option value="jimaging">Journal of Imaging (J. Imaging)</option> <option value="jintelligence">Journal of Intelligence (J. Intell.)</option> <option value="jlpea">Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA)</option> <option value="jmmp">Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing (JMMP)</option> <option value="jmse">Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (JMSE)</option> <option value="jmahp">Journal of Market Access & Health Policy (JMAHP)</option> <option value="jmp">Journal of Molecular Pathology (JMP)</option> <option value="jnt">Journal of Nanotheranostics (JNT)</option> <option value="jne">Journal of Nuclear Engineering (JNE)</option> <option value="ohbm">Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine (JOHBM)</option> <option value="jop">Journal of Parks</option> <option value="jpm">Journal of Personalized Medicine (JPM)</option> <option value="jpbi">Journal of Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry (JPBI)</option> <option value="jor">Journal of Respiration (JoR)</option> <option value="jrfm">Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM)</option> <option value="jsan">Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks (JSAN)</option> <option value="joma">Journal of the Oman Medical Association (JOMA)</option> <option value="jtaer">Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER)</option> <option value="jvd">Journal of Vascular Diseases (JVD)</option> <option value="jox">Journal of Xenobiotics (JoX)</option> <option value="jzbg">Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens (JZBG)</option> <option value="journalmedia">Journalism and Media</option> <option value="kidneydial">Kidney and Dialysis</option> <option value="kinasesphosphatases">Kinases and Phosphatases</option> <option value="knowledge">Knowledge</option> <option value="labmed">LabMed</option> <option value="laboratories">Laboratories</option> <option value="land">Land</option> <option value="languages">Languages</option> <option value="laws">Laws</option> <option value="life">Life</option> <option value="limnolrev">Limnological Review</option> <option value="lipidology">Lipidology</option> <option value="liquids">Liquids</option> <option value="literature">Literature</option> <option value="livers">Livers</option> <option value="logics">Logics</option> <option value="logistics">Logistics</option> <option value="lubricants">Lubricants</option> <option value="lymphatics">Lymphatics</option> <option value="make">Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction (MAKE)</option> <option value="machines">Machines</option> <option value="macromol">Macromol</option> <option value="magnetism">Magnetism</option> <option value="magnetochemistry">Magnetochemistry</option> <option value="marinedrugs">Marine Drugs</option> <option value="materials">Materials</option> <option value="materproc">Materials Proceedings</option> <option value="mca">Mathematical and Computational Applications (MCA)</option> <option value="mathematics">Mathematics</option> <option value="medsci">Medical Sciences</option> <option value="msf">Medical Sciences Forum</option> 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position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/health"> Public Health & Healthcare </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/arts-humanity"> Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities </a> </li> </ul> <a href="#" class="bolded-text link-browse-by show-for-small" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> <span class="closed">►</span> <span class="open" style="display: none;">▼</span> Selected Journals </a> <ul id="index-journals" class="hidden"> <li> <a href="/journal/ijms"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/ijms-logo-sq.png?41930e44070e4940" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> IJMS <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/applsci"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/applsci-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Applied Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/sustainability"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/sustainability-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Sustainability <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/jcm"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/jcm-logo-sq.png?6922832c4f546280" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> JCM <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/sensors"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/sensors-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Sensors <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/energies"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/energies-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Energies <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/molecules"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/molecules-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Molecules <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/materials"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/materials-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Materials <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/nutrients"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/nutrients-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Nutrients <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/remotesensing"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/remotesensing-logo-sq.png?33ab614e9661caf2" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Remote Sensing <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/electronics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/electronics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Electronics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.6</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/buildings"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/buildings-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Buildings <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/foods"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/foods-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Foods <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/mathematics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/mathematics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Mathematics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/cancers"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/cancers-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Cancers <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/water"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/water-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Water <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/plants"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/plants-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Plants <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/animals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/animals-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Animals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/polymers"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/polymers-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Polymers <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/agronomy"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/agronomy-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Agronomy <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/processes"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/processes-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Processes <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/biomedicines"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/biomedicines-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Biomedicines <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/diagnostics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/diagnostics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Diagnostics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/agriculture"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/agriculture-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Agriculture <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/jmse"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/jmse-logo-sq.png?7a9fe15cd28a3a0d" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> JMSE <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/healthcare"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/healthcare-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Healthcare <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/microorganisms"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/microorganisms-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Microorganisms <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/land"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/land-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Land <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/forests"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/forests-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Forests <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/medicina"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/medicina-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Medicina <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/nanomaterials"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/nanomaterials-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Nanomaterials <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/cells"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/cells-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Cells <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">5.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/viruses"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/viruses-logo-sq.png?9dcd988b1d672389" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Viruses <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/symmetry"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/symmetry-logo-sq.png?2c65edf82f527115" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Symmetry <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/life"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/life-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Life <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/pharmaceuticals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/pharmaceuticals-logo-sq.png?746b14512b967404" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Pharmaceuticals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/biomolecules"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/biomolecules-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Biomolecules <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/ijerph"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/ijerph-logo-sq.png?f4a7c3c190986910" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> IJERPH </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/antioxidants"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/antioxidants-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Antioxidants <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">6.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/coatings"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/coatings-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Coatings <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/religions"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/religions-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Religions <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">0.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/behavsci"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/behavsci-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Behavioral Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/genes"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/genes-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Genes <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/children"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/children-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Children <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/atmosphere"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/atmosphere-logo-sq.png?88fe2866c16662af" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Atmosphere <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/metals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/metals-logo-sq.png?e13532d60707dc57" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Metals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.6</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/education"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/education-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Education Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/vaccines"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/vaccines-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Vaccines <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">5.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/pharmaceutics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/pharmaceutics-logo-sq.png?12ec7dfd193b82bf" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Pharmaceutics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/horticulturae"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/horticulturae-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Horticulturae <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/micromachines"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/micromachines-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Micromachines <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/minerals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/minerals-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Minerals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/brainsci"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/brainsci-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Brain Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/bioengineering"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/bioengineering-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Bioengineering <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/biology"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/biology-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Biology <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.6</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/antibiotics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/antibiotics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Antibiotics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/entropy"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/entropy-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Entropy <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/pathogens"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/pathogens-logo-sq.png?5e90221cc618abf2" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Pathogens <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/photonics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/photonics-logo-sq.png?8f2b3fc8179503ee" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Photonics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.1</span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="generic-item last-item no-border"> <a class="bold" href="/about/journals">Explore All Journals...</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content__container extending-content" data-url="/ajax_subject_most_accessed_articles" data-min-shown-items="1"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2>Highly Accessed Articles</h2> </div> <div class="target-item custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"></div> </div> <div class="content__container extending-content" data-url="/ajax_latest_books"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2 class="show-for-small-only">Latest Books</h2> </div> <div class="target-item custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/design/books_logo_new.svg?76e680e5363e99ba?1732615622"> <div class="generic-item last-item"> <a class="bold" href="https://www.mdpi.com/books">More Books and Reprints...</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="right-column" class="content__column large-25 medium-3 small-12 columns" data-equalizer-watch> <div class="content__container top-border"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2>News</h2> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"> <div class="generic-item news-item no-border"> <span class="text-information">26 November 2024</span> <br/> <a class="title-link" href="/about/announcements/9859"> <strong>Join Us at “MDPI Open Access—An Author Training Program”, 30 November 2024, Bangkok, Thailand</strong> </a> </div> <div class="generic-item news-item "> <span class="text-information">19 November 2024</span> <br/> <a class="title-link" href="/about/announcements/9797"> <em>NeuroSci</em> Accepted into PMC and PubMed </a> </div> <div class="generic-item news-item "> <span class="text-information">15 November 2024</span> <br/> <a class="title-link" href="/about/announcements/9772"> Prof. Dr. A. 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