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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Physiographic subregions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physiographic_subregions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology_and_conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology_and_conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ecology and conservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology_and_conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lakes_and_streams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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<span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Traditional economic activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_economic_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_economic_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_economic_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Current economic activities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_economic_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Folklore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folklore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Folklore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folklore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ozarks</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarkplato" title="Ozarkplato – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ozarkplato" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83" title="الأوزارك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الأوزارك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="ओजार्क – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ओजार्क" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Озарк – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Озарк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark_Plateau" title="Ozark Plateau – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ozark Plateau" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yr_Ozarks" title="Yr Ozarks – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yr Ozarks" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark-Plateau" title="Ozark-Plateau – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ozark-Plateau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meseta_de_Ozark" title="Meseta de Ozark – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Meseta de Ozark" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark-Altebena%C4%B5o" title="Ozark-Altebenaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ozark-Altebenaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark_goi-lautada" title="Ozark goi-lautada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ozark goi-lautada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="اوزارکس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوزارکس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monts_Ozarks" title="Monts Ozarks – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Monts Ozarks" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark-fj%C3%B6ll" title="Ozark-fjöll – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ozark-fjöll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altopiano_d%27Ozark" title="Altopiano d'Ozark – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Altopiano d'Ozark" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%96%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7" title="הרי אוזארק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרי אוזארק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ოზარქსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოზარქსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Озарк – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Озарк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarki" title="Ozarki – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ozarki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarko_plynauk%C5%A1t%C4%97" title="Ozarko plynaukštė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ozarko plynaukštė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഒസാർക്സ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒസാർക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83" title="الاوزارك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاوزارك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ozarks" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="オザーク高原 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オザーク高原" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ozarks" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarkplat%C3%A5et" title="Ozarkplatået – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ozarkplatået" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarkplat%C3%A5et" title="Ozarkplatået – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ozarkplatået" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark_(wy%C5%BCyna)" title="Ozark (wyżyna) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ozark (wyżyna)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montes_Ozark" title="Montes Ozark – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Montes Ozark" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ozarks" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Озарк – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Озарк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ozarks" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarkvuoret" title="Ozarkvuoret – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ozarkvuoret" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarkbergen" title="Ozarkbergen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ozarkbergen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="โอซาร์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โอซาร์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark_Da%C4%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Ozark Dağları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ozark Dağları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Озарк – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Озарк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%81_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%81_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="سلسلہ کوہ اوزارک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلسلہ کوہ اوزارک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ozarks" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%89%8E%E5%85%8B%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="歐扎克高地 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="歐扎克高地" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ozarks&params=37_10_N_92_30_W_type:mountain_region:US-AR_dim:200km_scale:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°10′N</span> <span class="longitude">92°30′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.167°N 92.500°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.167; -92.500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Highland region in central-southern United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Ozark" redirects here. For the TV series, see <a href="/wiki/Ozark_(TV_series)" title="Ozark (TV series)"><i>Ozark</i> (TV series)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Ozark_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ozark (disambiguation)">Ozark (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Ozarks</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader nickname">Ozark Highlands; Ozark Mountains; Ozark Plateaus</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding: 0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg/272px-Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg/408px-Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg/544px-Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5964" data-file-height="2798" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding: 0.2em 0em;">View of the Ozarks from the Buffalo National River, <a href="/wiki/Newton_County,_Arkansas" title="Newton County, Arkansas">Newton County, Arkansas</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Highest point</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Peak</th><td class="infobox-data">Wahzhazhe Summit (formerly known as Buffalo Lookout) 781 m (2,561 feet)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ozarks&params=37_10_N_92_30_W_type:mountain_region:US-AR_dim:200km_scale:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°10′N</span> <span class="longitude">92°30′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.167°N 92.500°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.167; -92.500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Geography</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OzarkOverview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/OzarkOverview.jpg/275px-OzarkOverview.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/OzarkOverview.jpg/413px-OzarkOverview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/OzarkOverview.jpg/550px-OzarkOverview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="668" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">States</th><td class="infobox-data label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Geology</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geological_time_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Geological time scale">Rock age</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a> to <a href="/wiki/Proterozoic" title="Proterozoic">Proterozoic</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ozark_scenery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ozark_scenery.jpg/220px-Ozark_scenery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ozark_scenery.jpg/330px-Ozark_scenery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ozark_scenery.jpg/440px-Ozark_scenery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4048" data-file-height="3036" /></a><figcaption>A rural Ozarks scene. <a href="/wiki/Phelps_County,_Missouri" title="Phelps County, Missouri">Phelps County, Missouri</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Knob_lick_view-26aug06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Knob_lick_view-26aug06.jpg/220px-Knob_lick_view-26aug06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Knob_lick_view-26aug06.jpg/330px-Knob_lick_view-26aug06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Knob_lick_view-26aug06.jpg/440px-Knob_lick_view-26aug06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2516" data-file-height="1632" /></a><figcaption>The Saint Francois Mountains, viewed here from <a href="/wiki/Knob_Lick,_Missouri" title="Knob Lick, Missouri">Knob Lick Mountain</a>, are the exposed geologic core of the Ozarks.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Ozarks</b>, also known as the <b>Ozark Mountains</b>, <b>Ozark Highlands</b> or <b>Ozark Plateau</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Physiographic_region" title="Physiographic region">physiographic region</a> in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. states</a> of <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, as well as a small area in the southeastern corner of <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ozarks cover a significant portion of northern Arkansas and most of the southern half of Missouri, extending from <a href="/wiki/Interstate_40_in_Arkansas" title="Interstate 40 in Arkansas">Interstate 40</a> in central Arkansas to <a href="/wiki/Interstate_70_in_Missouri" title="Interstate 70 in Missouri">Interstate 70</a> in central Missouri. </p><p>There are two mountain ranges in the Ozarks: the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Mountains" title="Boston Mountains">Boston Mountains</a> of Arkansas and Oklahoma, as well as the <a href="/wiki/St._Francois_Mountains" title="St. Francois Mountains">St. Francois Mountains</a> of Missouri. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wahzhazhe_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wahzhazhe Summit (page does not exist)">Wahzhazhe Summit</a> (formerly known as Buffalo Lookout), is the highest point in the Ozarks at 2,561 feet (781 m), and is located in the Boston Mountains, 3.4 miles (5.5 km) east of <a href="/wiki/Pettigrew,_Arkansas" title="Pettigrew, Arkansas">Pettigrew, Newton County, Arkansas</a>. Geologically, the area is a broad <a href="/wiki/Dome_(geology)" title="Dome (geology)">dome</a> with the exposed core in the ancient St. Francois Mountains. The Ozarks cover nearly 47,000 square miles (120,000 km<sup>2</sup>), making it the most extensive <a href="/wiki/Highland" title="Highland">highland</a> region between the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rockies</a>. Together with the <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a>, the area is known as the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Interior_Highlands" title="U.S. Interior Highlands">U.S. Interior Highlands</a>. </p><p>The Salem Plateau, named after <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Missouri" title="Salem, Missouri">Salem, Missouri</a>, makes up the largest geologic area of the Ozarks. The second largest is the Springfield Plateau, named after <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield, Missouri</a>, nicknamed the "Queen City of the Ozarks". On the northern Ozark border are the cities of <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Missouri" title="Columbia, Missouri">Columbia, Missouri</a>. Significant Ozark cities in Arkansas include <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Arkansas" title="Springdale, Arkansas">Springdale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eureka_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Eureka Springs, Arkansas">Eureka Springs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith</a>. <a href="/wiki/Branson,_Missouri" title="Branson, Missouri">Branson</a>, just north of the Arkansas–Missouri border, is a tourist destination where Ozark culture is popularized. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Toponym" class="mw-redirect" title="Toponym">toponym</a> <i>Ozarks</i> may derive from an <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English-language</a> adaptation of the <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> abbreviation <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">aux Arcs</i></span> (short for <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">aux Arcansas</i>, meaning "of/at/to <a href="/wiki/Quapaw" title="Quapaw">the Arkansas (Quapaw)</a> [plural]").<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the decades prior to the <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a> of 1754 to 1763, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">aux Arkansas</i></span> referred to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Trading_post" title="Trading post">trading post</a> at <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post" title="Arkansas Post">Arkansas Post</a>, located in the wooded <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Delta" title="Arkansas Delta">Arkansas Delta</a> lowland area above the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Randolph_primitive_society_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Randolph_primitive_society-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Morris_1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morris_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Morris_2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morris_2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another possible etymological origin might be the French phrase <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">aux arcs</i></span>, meaning "[land] of the arches",<sup id="cite_ref-EJW_Miller_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EJW_Miller-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in reference to the dozens of <a href="/wiki/Natural_arch" title="Natural arch">natural bridges</a> formed by erosion and collapsed caves in the Ozark region. These include Clifty Hollow Natural Bridge (actually a series of arches) in Missouri,<sup id="cite_ref-Clifty_Hollow_Natural_Bridge_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clifty_Hollow_Natural_Bridge-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Alum Cove in the <a href="/wiki/Ozark%E2%80%93St._Francis_National_Forest" title="Ozark–St. Francis National Forest">Ozark–St. Francis National Forest</a>. </p><p>By the early 20th century, the term "Ozarks" had entered common parlance.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mo._Place_Names_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mo._Place_Names-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (September 2023)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physiographic_subregions">Physiographic subregions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Physiographic subregions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OzarkRelief.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/OzarkRelief.jpg/330px-OzarkRelief.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/OzarkRelief.jpg/495px-OzarkRelief.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/OzarkRelief.jpg/660px-OzarkRelief.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="658" /></a><figcaption>Elevation map of the Ozarks</figcaption></figure> <p>The Ozarks consist of five physiographic subregions: the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Mountains" title="Boston Mountains">Boston Mountains</a> of north Arkansas and <a href="/wiki/Cookson_Hills" title="Cookson Hills">Cookson Hills</a> of east Oklahoma; the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Springfield_Plateau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Springfield Plateau (page does not exist)">Springfield Plateau</a> of southwest Missouri, northeast Oklahoma, and northwest Arkansas and including <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joplin,_Missouri" title="Joplin, Missouri">Joplin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monett,_Missouri" title="Monett, Missouri">Monett</a>/<a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Missouri" title="Aurora, Missouri">Aurora</a> in Missouri, <a href="/wiki/Tahlequah,_Oklahoma" title="Tahlequah, Oklahoma">Tahlequah</a> in Oklahoma, and <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harrison,_Arkansas" title="Harrison, Arkansas">Harrison</a> in Arkansas; the White River Hills along the White River, including <a href="/wiki/Branson,_Missouri" title="Branson, Missouri">Branson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Home,_Arkansas" title="Mountain Home, Arkansas">Mountain Home</a> to <a href="/wiki/Batesville,_Arkansas" title="Batesville, Arkansas">Batesville</a>; the Salem Plateau or Central Plateau, which includes a broad band across south central Missouri and north central Arkansas including the <a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Missouri" title="Lebanon, Missouri">Lebanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Missouri" title="Salem, Missouri">Salem</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Plains,_Missouri" title="West Plains, Missouri">West Plains</a> areas; the <a href="/wiki/Courtois_Hills" title="Courtois Hills">Courtois Hills</a> of southeastern Missouri; the Osage-Gasconade Hills around the <a href="/wiki/Lake_of_the_Ozarks" title="Lake of the Ozarks">Lake of the Ozarks</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Francois_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Francois Mountains">Saint Francois Mountains</a>; and the Missouri River and Mississippi River border areas along the eastern and northeastern flanks. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Karst" title="Karst">Karst</a> features such as <a href="/wiki/Spring_(hydrology)" title="Spring (hydrology)">springs</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Losing_stream" title="Losing stream">losing streams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinkhole" title="Sinkhole">sinkholes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cave" title="Cave">caves</a> are common in the <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestones</a> of the Springfield Plateau and abundant in the <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a> bedrock of the Salem Plateau and Boston Mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-MDNR_Karst_Factsheet_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDNR_Karst_Factsheet-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Missouri is known as "The Cave State" with over 7,300 recorded caves, second in number only to Tennessee. The majority of these caves are found in the Ozark counties.<sup id="cite_ref-MDNR_Karst_Factsheet_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDNR_Karst_Factsheet-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MSS_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSS-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ozark Plateaus aquifer system affects groundwater movement in all areas except the igneous core of the St. Francois Mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-OzarksWatch_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OzarksWatch-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_Ozark_Aquifer_Map_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS_Ozark_Aquifer_Map-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ozarks_Stream_Geomorphology_Project_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozarks_Stream_Geomorphology_Project-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ground_Water_Atlas_of_the_United_States_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ground_Water_Atlas_of_the_United_States-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geographic features include limestone and dolomite <a href="/wiki/Glade_(geography)" title="Glade (geography)">glades</a>, which are rocky, desert-like areas on hilltops. Kept open by periodic fires that limit growth of <a href="/wiki/Graminoid" title="Graminoid">grasses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forb" title="Forb">forbs</a> in shallow soil, glades are home to collared lizards, tarantulas, scorpions, cacti and other species more typical of the <a href="/wiki/Desert_Southwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Desert Southwest">Desert Southwest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chase_Lab_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chase_Lab-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ozark_glades_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozark_glades-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Boston Mountains contain the highest elevations of the Ozarks, with peaks over 2,500 feet (760 m), and form some of the greatest relief of any formation between the Appalachians and Rocky Mountains. The <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a> to the south rise a few hundred feet higher, but are not geographically associated with the Ozarks. The Boston Mountains portion of the Ozarks extends north of the Arkansas River Valley 20 to 35 miles (32 to 56 km), is approximately 200 miles (320 km) long,<sup id="cite_ref-bos_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bos-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is bordered by the Springfield and Salem Plateau to the north of the <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="White River (Arkansas)">White River</a>. Summits can reach elevations of just over 2,560 feet (780 m), with valleys 500 to 1,550 feet (150 to 470 m) deep. Turner Ward Knob is the highest named peak. Found in western <a href="/wiki/Newton_County,_Arkansas" title="Newton County, Arkansas">Newton County, Arkansas</a>, its elevation is 2,463 feet (751 m). Nearby, five unnamed peaks have elevations at or slightly above 2,560 feet (780 m). Drainage is primarily to the White River, with the exception of the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois River (Arkansas)">Illinois River</a>, although there also is considerable drainage from the south slopes of the Boston Mountains to the Arkansas River. Major streams of this type include Lee Creek, Frog Bayou, Mulberry River, Spadra Creek, Big Piney Creek, Little Piney Creek, Illinois Bayou, Point Remove Creek, and Cadron Creek. Many Ozark waterways have their headwaters in the uplands of the Boston formation, including the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kings_River_(Arkansas)" title="Kings River (Arkansas)">Kings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mulberry_River_(Arkansas)" title="Mulberry River (Arkansas)">Mulberry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_Red_River_(Arkansas)" title="Little Red River (Arkansas)">Little Red</a> and White rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-oza_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oza-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Topography is mostly gently rolling in the Springfield and Salem plateaus, whereas the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Francois_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Francois Mountains">Saint Francois Mountains</a> are more rugged. Although the Springfield formation's surface is primarily <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_(geology)" title="Mississippian (geology)">Mississippian</a> limestone and <a href="/wiki/Chert" title="Chert">chert</a>, the Salem Plateau is made of older <a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">Ordovician</a> dolomites, limestones, and sandstones.<sup id="cite_ref-plat_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plat-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both are rife with karst topography and form long, flat plains. The formations are separated by steep escarpments that dramatically interrupt the rolling hills. Although much of the Springfield Plateau has been <a href="/wiki/Denudation" title="Denudation">denuded</a> of the surface layers of the Boston Mountains, large remnants of these younger layers are present throughout the southern end of the formation, possibly suggesting a <a href="/wiki/Peneplain" title="Peneplain">peneplain</a> process.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Springfield Plateau drains through wide, mature streams ultimately feeding the White River.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/St._Francois_Mountains" title="St. Francois Mountains">St. Francois Mountains</a> in the northeastern Ozarks are the eroded remnants of an ancient range which form the geological core of the highland dome. The <a href="/wiki/Igneous" class="mw-redirect" title="Igneous">igneous</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volcanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcanic">volcanic</a> rocks of the St. Francois Mountains are the exposed remains of a <a href="/wiki/Proterozoic" title="Proterozoic">Proterozoic</a> mountain range hundreds of millions of years old. The remaining hills are the exposed portion of an extensive <a href="/wiki/Terrane" title="Terrane">terrane</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Spavinaw_terrane" title="Spavinaw terrane">Spavinaw terrane</a> in part) of <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granitic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhyolite" title="Rhyolite">rhyolitic</a> rocks dating from 1485 to 1350 <a href="/wiki/Mya_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mya (unit)">mya</a> that stretches from <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> to western Oklahoma.<sup id="cite_ref-USGS_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The core of the range existed as an island in the <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a> seas. <a href="/wiki/Reef" title="Reef">Reef</a> complexes occur in the sedimentary layers surrounding this ancient island. These flanking reefs were points of concentration for later <a href="/wiki/Ore" title="Ore">ore</a>-bearing fluids which formed the rich <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>-<a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> ores that have been and continue to be mined in the area. The igneous and volcanic rocks extend at depth under the relatively thin veneer of Paleozoic <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedimentary">sedimentary</a> rocks and form the basal crust of the entire region.<sup id="cite_ref-Unklesbay_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unklesbay-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taum_Sauk_precambrian-cambrian_unconformity.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Taum_Sauk_precambrian-cambrian_unconformity.jpg/220px-Taum_Sauk_precambrian-cambrian_unconformity.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Taum_Sauk_precambrian-cambrian_unconformity.jpg/330px-Taum_Sauk_precambrian-cambrian_unconformity.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Taum_Sauk_precambrian-cambrian_unconformity.jpg/440px-Taum_Sauk_precambrian-cambrian_unconformity.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption>Grey <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a> laid down c. 500 <a href="/wiki/Mya_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mya (unit)">mya</a> nonconformally overlies reddish <a href="/wiki/Rhyolite" title="Rhyolite">rhyolite</a> that formed close to 1500 mya in the St. Francois Mountains.</figcaption></figure> <p>A major <a href="/wiki/Unconformity" title="Unconformity">unconformity</a> in the region attests that the Ozarks were above sea level for several hundred million years from the time of the volcanism in the Precambrian until the mid-<a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Cambrian</a> with an erosionally produced relief of up to 1,500 feet (460 m).<sup id="cite_ref-Unklesbay_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unklesbay-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seas encroached during the late Cambrian producing the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamotte_Sandstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamotte Sandstone (page does not exist)">Lamotte Sandstone</a>, 200 to 300 feet (61 to 91 m) thick, followed by <a href="/wiki/Carbonate_rock" title="Carbonate rock">carbonate</a> sedimentation. <a href="/wiki/Coral_reef" title="Coral reef">Coral reefs</a> formed around the granite and rhyolite islands in this Cambrian sea. This carbonate formation, the <a href="/wiki/Bonneterre_Formation" title="Bonneterre Formation">Bonneterre</a>, now mostly <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a>, is exposed around the St. Francis Mountains, but extends in the subsurface throughout the Ozarks and reaches a thickness of 400 to 1,500 feet (120 to 460 m).<sup id="cite_ref-Unklesbay_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unklesbay-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bonneterre is overlain by 500 to 600 feet (150 to 180 m) of dolomite, often sandy, silty or cherty, forming the <a href="/wiki/Elvins_Group" title="Elvins Group">Elvins Group</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Potosi_Dolomite" title="Potosi Dolomite">Potosi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eminence_Formation" title="Eminence Formation">Eminence</a> formations. Withdrawal of the seas resulted in another unconformity during the latest Cambrian and early <a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">Ordovician</a> periods. <a href="/wiki/Hydrothermal" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrothermal">Hydrothermal</a> mineralizing fluids formed the rich lead ore deposits of the <a href="/wiki/Lead_Belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead Belt">Lead Belt</a> during this time.<sup id="cite_ref-Unklesbay_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unklesbay-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roubidoux_sandstone_bluff.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Roubidoux_sandstone_bluff.JPG/220px-Roubidoux_sandstone_bluff.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Roubidoux_sandstone_bluff.JPG/330px-Roubidoux_sandstone_bluff.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Roubidoux_sandstone_bluff.JPG/440px-Roubidoux_sandstone_bluff.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Outcrop of Roubidoux sandstone along a bluff in <a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_Missouri" title="Douglas County, Missouri">Douglas County, Missouri</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sedimentation resumed in the Ordovician with the deposition of the Gunter sandstone, the <a href="/wiki/Gasconade_Formation" title="Gasconade Formation">Gasconade</a> dolomite and the prominent <a href="/wiki/Roubidoux_Formation" title="Roubidoux Formation">Roubidoux</a> sandstone and dolomite. The sandstone of the Roubidoux forms prominent bluffs along the streams eroding into the southern part of the Salem Plateau. The Roubidoux and Gunter sandstones serve as significant <a href="/wiki/Aquifer" title="Aquifer">aquifers</a> when present in the subsurface. The source of the sands is considered to be the emerging <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wisconsin_Dome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wisconsin Dome (page does not exist)">Wisconsin Dome</a> to the northeast.<sup id="cite_ref-Unklesbay_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unklesbay-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ozark region remained as a subsiding shallow carbonate shelf environment with a significant thickness of cherty dolomites such as the <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City_Formation" title="Jefferson City Formation">Jefferson City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cotter_Formation" title="Cotter Formation">Cotter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Powell_Formation" title="Powell Formation">Powell</a> formations.<sup id="cite_ref-Unklesbay_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unklesbay-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Portions of the Ozark Plateau, the Springfield Plateau of southwest Missouri and northern Arkansas, are underlain by <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_(geology)" title="Mississippian (geology)">Mississippian</a> cherty limestones locally referred to as "Boone chert", consisting of limestone and chert layers. These are eroded and form steep hills, valleys and bluffs. </p><p>The Boston Mountains are a high and deeply dissected plateau. The rocks of the region are essentially little disturbed, flat-lying sedimentary layers of Paleozoic age. The highest ridges and peaks are capped by Pennsylvanian sandstone such as the basal Atoka and the "Middle Bloyd".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deeply eroded valleys are cut into Mississippian limestone and below that layer Ordovician dolomite. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvanian_(geology)" title="Pennsylvanian (geology)">Pennsylvanian</a> period, the Ozark Plateau was uplifted as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_orogeny" title="Ouachita orogeny">Ouachita orogeny</a>. During the late Paleozoic, the deep ocean basin that existed in central and southern Arkansas was lifted when South America collided with North America, creating the folded Ouachita Mountains and uplifting the Ozark plateau to the north. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology_and_conservation">Ecology and conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ecology and conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formal conservation in the region began when the <a href="/wiki/Ozark%E2%80%93St._Francis_National_Forest" title="Ozark–St. Francis National Forest">Ozark National Forest</a> was created by proclamation of President <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> in 1908 to preserve 917,944 acres (3,714.79 km<sup>2</sup>) across five Arkansas counties. Another 608,537 acres (2,462.66 km<sup>2</sup>) were added the following year. The initial forest included area as far south as <a href="/wiki/Mount_Magazine" title="Mount Magazine">Mount Magazine</a> and as far east as <a href="/wiki/Sylamore,_Arkansas" title="Sylamore, Arkansas">Sylamore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ftt_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ftt-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1939, Congress established <a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain_National_Forest" title="Mark Twain National Forest">Mark Twain National Forest</a> at nine sites in Missouri. Wildlife management areas were founded in the 1920s and '30s to restore populations to viable numbers. In the 1930s and 1940s <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Leopold" title="Aldo Leopold">Aldo Leopold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Carhart" title="Arthur Carhart">Arthur Carhart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Marshall_(wilderness_activist)" title="Bob Marshall (wilderness activist)">Bob Marshall</a> developed a "wilderness" policy for the Forest Service. Their efforts bore fruit with <a href="/wiki/The_Wilderness_Act_of_1964" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wilderness Act of 1964">The Wilderness Act of 1964</a> which designated wilderness areas "where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by men, where man himself is a visitor and does not remain", though this included <a href="/wiki/Secondary_forest" title="Secondary forest">second growth</a> public forests like the Mark Twain National Forest.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Land was also added to Ozark National Forest during this period, with over 544,000 acres (2,200 km<sup>2</sup>) in total additions. Some land was reclaimed by the government through the <a href="/wiki/Resettlement_Administration" title="Resettlement Administration">Resettlement Administration</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ftt_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ftt-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1976, Congress established the <a href="/wiki/Hercules_Glades_Wilderness" title="Hercules Glades Wilderness">Hercules Glades Wilderness</a>, the first of 13 designated wilderness areas in the Ozarks. In 1986, Congress established the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Plateau_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge">Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge</a> in northeast Oklahoma. Protected areas ensure the recovery of endangered and threatened species of animals and plants, including the <a href="/wiki/Red_wolf" title="Red wolf">red wolf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ozark_big-eared_bat" title="Ozark big-eared bat">Ozark big-eared bat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_bat" title="Indiana bat">Indiana bat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_small-footed_bat" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern small-footed bat">eastern small-footed bat</a>, southeastern bat, southeastern <a href="/wiki/Big-eared_bat" class="mw-redirect" title="Big-eared bat">big-eared bat</a>; <a href="/wiki/Longnose_darter" title="Longnose darter">longnose darter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ozark_cavefish" title="Ozark cavefish">Ozark cavefish</a>, Ozark cave <a href="/wiki/Crayfish" title="Crayfish">crayfish</a>, Bowman's cave <a href="/wiki/Amphipod" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphipod">amphipod</a>, Ozark cave amphipod, bat cave <a href="/wiki/Isopod" class="mw-redirect" title="Isopod">isopod</a>; and Ozark <a href="/wiki/Castanea_pumila" title="Castanea pumila">chinquapin</a>. It is a habitat of migratory birds and contains geological, archeological, historical, and paleontological resources. </p><p>Commercial farms and processing operations are known to raise levels of chemical and biological contaminants in Ozark streams, threatening water supplies, recreational use and endangered native species.<sup id="cite_ref-Chemical_and_biological_contaminants_1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chemical_and_biological_contaminants_1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chemical_and_biological_contaminants_2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chemical_and_biological_contaminants_2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chemical_and_biological_contaminants_3_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chemical_and_biological_contaminants_3-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mo_Water_Quality_Report_2006_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mo_Water_Quality_Report_2006-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Joplin_Globe_16_July_2009_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joplin_Globe_16_July_2009-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lakes_and_streams">Lakes and streams</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lakes and streams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Spring_Missouri_1-02Aug08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Big_Spring_Missouri_1-02Aug08.jpg/220px-Big_Spring_Missouri_1-02Aug08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Big_Spring_Missouri_1-02Aug08.jpg/330px-Big_Spring_Missouri_1-02Aug08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Big_Spring_Missouri_1-02Aug08.jpg/440px-Big_Spring_Missouri_1-02Aug08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1034" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Big_Spring_(Missouri)" title="Big Spring (Missouri)">Big Spring</a>, the largest freshwater spring in the Ozarks, discharges 304 million US gallons (1,150,000 m<sup>3</sup>) of water per day into the <a href="/wiki/Current_River_(Ozarks)" title="Current River (Ozarks)">Current River</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Current_River_MO_2009-06-15_n65_below_Welch_Spring_crop2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Current_River_MO_2009-06-15_n65_below_Welch_Spring_crop2.jpg/170px-Current_River_MO_2009-06-15_n65_below_Welch_Spring_crop2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Current_River_MO_2009-06-15_n65_below_Welch_Spring_crop2.jpg/255px-Current_River_MO_2009-06-15_n65_below_Welch_Spring_crop2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Current_River_MO_2009-06-15_n65_below_Welch_Spring_crop2.jpg/340px-Current_River_MO_2009-06-15_n65_below_Welch_Spring_crop2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1205" data-file-height="1305" /></a><figcaption>Canoers on the Current River in the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_National_Scenic_Riverways" title="Ozark National Scenic Riverways">Ozark National Scenic Riverways</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Morning_on_the_Buffalo_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Morning_on_the_Buffalo_River.jpg/220px-Morning_on_the_Buffalo_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Morning_on_the_Buffalo_River.jpg/330px-Morning_on_the_Buffalo_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Morning_on_the_Buffalo_River.jpg/440px-Morning_on_the_Buffalo_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Roark Bluff on the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo National River</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ha_Ha_Tonka_Spring_on_Lake_of_the_Ozarks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ha_Ha_Tonka_Spring_on_Lake_of_the_Ozarks.jpg/330px-Ha_Ha_Tonka_Spring_on_Lake_of_the_Ozarks.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ha_Ha_Tonka_Spring_on_Lake_of_the_Ozarks.jpg/495px-Ha_Ha_Tonka_Spring_on_Lake_of_the_Ozarks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ha_Ha_Tonka_Spring_on_Lake_of_the_Ozarks.jpg/660px-Ha_Ha_Tonka_Spring_on_Lake_of_the_Ozarks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1872" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>View of the Ozarks from <a href="/wiki/Ha_Ha_Tonka_State_Park" title="Ha Ha Tonka State Park">Ha Ha Tonka State Park</a> on <a href="/wiki/Lake_of_the_Ozarks" title="Lake of the Ozarks">Lake of the Ozarks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_Missouri" title="Camden County, Missouri">Camden County, Missouri</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Many of the rivers and streams in the Ozarks have been dammed. Most of the dams in the region were initially built for the dual purpose of <a href="/wiki/Flood_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood control">flood control</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hydropower" title="Hydropower">hydropower</a> generation but have also become major economic drivers through recreational use in places such as Branson, Missouri, and Mountain Home, Arkansas. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers" title="United States Army Corps of Engineers">Army Corps of Engineers</a> among others, operates multiple dams in the Ozarks region. Some of the largest lakes created by these dams are on the <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Arkansas%E2%80%93Missouri)" title="White River (Arkansas–Missouri)">White River</a>. Beginning in 1911 with the construction of Powersite Dam on the White River near Branson, Missouri and the impoundment of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Taneycomo" title="Lake Taneycomo">Lake Taneycomo</a> the Ozarks rivers have been harnessed for electrical power, recreation, and flood control. After the President Franklin D, Roosevelt signed the Flood Control Act of 1938, six large flood control dams were constructed on the White River and its tributaries. </p> <ul><li>Beaver Dam on the White River – Beaver Lake</li> <li>Table Rock Dam on the White River – Table Rock Lake</li> <li>Bull Shoals Dam on the White River – Bull Shoals Lake</li> <li>Norfork Dam on the North Fork River – Norfolk Lake</li> <li>Greers Ferry Lake on the Little Red River – Greers Ferry Lake</li> <li>Clearwater Dam on the Black River – Clearwater Lake</li></ul> <p>Multiple smaller lakes have been created by dams in the White River basin from 1911 through 1960. These smaller lakes include Lake Sequoyah,<sup id="cite_ref-Lake_Sequoyah_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lake_Sequoyah-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a small recreational fishing lake east of <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville, Arkansas</a>, formed in 1961; Sequoyah is the uppermost impoundment on the White River. Below Sequoyah (northeast of Fayetteville) is <a href="/wiki/Beaver_Lake_(Arkansas)" title="Beaver Lake (Arkansas)">Beaver Lake</a>, formed in 1960. The White River continues northeasterly into <a href="/wiki/Table_Rock_Lake" title="Table Rock Lake">Table Rock Lake</a> (1958) in Missouri, which feeds directly into Lake Taneycomo, where the river zigzags southeasterly into Arkansas forming <a href="/wiki/Bull_Shoals_Lake" title="Bull Shoals Lake">Bull Shoals Lake</a> along the Arkansas-Missouri line. Completed in 1952, Bull Shoals is the furthest downstream lake on the White River proper. <a href="/wiki/Norfork_Dam" title="Norfork Dam">Norfork Lake</a> was formed by damming the <a href="/wiki/North_Fork_River_(Missouri%E2%80%93Arkansas)" title="North Fork River (Missouri–Arkansas)">North Fork River</a>, a tributary of the White River, in 1941. </p><p>Additional large lakes in the Ozarks region include <a href="/wiki/Lake_of_the_Ozarks" title="Lake of the Ozarks">Lake of the Ozarks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pomme_de_Terre_Lake" title="Pomme de Terre Lake">Pomme de Terre Lake</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Truman_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Truman Lake">Truman Lake</a> in the northern Ozarks. These three lakes were formed by impounding the <a href="/wiki/Osage_River" title="Osage River">Osage River</a> and its tributary the <a href="/wiki/Pomme_de_Terre_River_(Missouri)" title="Pomme de Terre River (Missouri)">Pomme de Terre River</a> in 1931, 1961 and 1979 respectively. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Grand_Lake_o%27_the_Cherokees" title="Grand Lake o' the Cherokees">Grand Lake o' the Cherokee</a> in northeast Oklahoma, on the western portion of the Ozark Plateau, was created in 1940 with the damming of the Grand River. <a href="/wiki/Stockton_Lake" title="Stockton Lake">Stockton Lake</a> was formed in 1969 by damming the <a href="/wiki/Sac_River" title="Sac River">Sac River</a> near the city of <a href="/wiki/Stockton,_Missouri" title="Stockton, Missouri">Stockton, Missouri</a>, and supplements the water supply of <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Missouri" title="Greene County, Missouri">Greene County</a>. </p><p>The creation of the lakes significantly altered the Ozark landscape and affected traditional Ozark culture through displacement.<sup id="cite_ref-Meramec_Basin_Project_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meramec_Basin_Project-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Baxter_Co_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_Co-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Revolution_in_the_Heartland_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Revolution_in_the_Heartland-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SW_Mo_Overall_Ec_Dev_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SW_Mo_Overall_Ec_Dev-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The streams provided water and power to communities, farms and mills concentrated in the valleys prior to impoundment.<sup id="cite_ref-Culture_Revealed_by_Traditional_Materials_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Culture_Revealed_by_Traditional_Materials-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many cemeteries, farm roads, river fords and railways were lost when the lakes came, disrupting rural culture, travel and commerce. <a href="/wiki/Baxter_County,_Arkansas" title="Baxter County, Arkansas">Baxter County, Arkansas</a>, alone saw nearly 400 people displaced to make way for the reservoir created by <a href="/wiki/Norfork_Dam" title="Norfork Dam">Norfork Dam</a>. The town of <a href="/wiki/Forsyth,_Missouri" title="Forsyth, Missouri">Forsyth, Missouri</a>, was relocated in its entirety to a spot 2 miles (3 km) from its previous location. Prior to damming, rivers and streams in the White and Osage River basins were of similar character to the current conditions of the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elk_River_(Oklahoma)" title="Elk River (Oklahoma)">Elk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niangua_River" title="Niangua River">Niangua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gasconade_River" title="Gasconade River">Gasconade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Big_Piney_River" title="Big Piney River">Big Piney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Current_River_(Ozarks)" title="Current River (Ozarks)">Current</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacks_Fork_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacks Fork River">Jacks Fork</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eleven_Point_River" title="Eleven Point River">Eleven Point</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meramec_River" title="Meramec River">Meramec</a> rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Meramec_Basin_Project_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meramec_Basin_Project-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of the success of the Army Corps efforts to dam the large rivers in the Ozarks, the Ozarks Society began protests to keep the other rivers in the Ozarks free flowing. The <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo National River</a> was created by an Act of Congress in 1972 as the nation's first <a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System#National_rivers_and_national_wild_and_scenic_rivers" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National River</a>, administered by the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. The designation came after over a decade of battling a proposed Army Corps dam in the media, legislature, and courts to keep the Buffalo River free flowing. The Ozark Society, the main force behind the dam protest, still leads the fight to keep the Buffalo River pristine and protected. Today, the Buffalo River sees approximately 800,000 visitors camping, canoeing, floating, hiking, and tubing annually.<sup id="cite_ref-buf_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buf-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Missouri, the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_National_Scenic_Riverways" title="Ozark National Scenic Riverways">Ozark National Scenic Riverways</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was established in 1964 along the <a href="/wiki/Current_River_(Ozarks)" title="Current River (Ozarks)">Current</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jacks_Fork" title="Jacks Fork">Jacks Fork</a> rivers as the first US national park based on a river system. The <a href="/wiki/Eleven_Point_River" title="Eleven Point River">Eleven Point River</a> is included in the <a href="/wiki/National_Wild_and_Scenic_Rivers_System" title="National Wild and Scenic Rivers System">National Wild and Scenic Rivers System</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> established in 1968. These parks and rivers are a major economic driver for some of the least populated counties in Arkansas and Missouri, attracting up to 1.5 million tourists annually. </p><p>Many other waterways and streams have their headwaters in the Boston Mountains portion of the Ozarks such as the <a href="/wiki/Mulberry_River_(Arkansas)" title="Mulberry River (Arkansas)">Mulberry River</a>, the White River, War Eagle Creek, Little Mulberry Creek, Lee Creek, Big Piney Creek, and the Little Red River. To the south, the Arkansas River valley separates the Boston Mountains from the Ouachita Mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Missouri Ozark rivers include the <a href="/wiki/Gasconade_River" title="Gasconade River">Gasconade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Big_Piney_River" title="Big Piney River">Big Piney</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Niangua_River" title="Niangua River">Niangua</a> rivers in the north central region. The <a href="/wiki/Meramec_River" title="Meramec River">Meramec River</a> and its tributaries <a href="/wiki/Huzzah_Creek_(Meramec_River_tributary)" title="Huzzah Creek (Meramec River tributary)">Huzzah Creek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Courtois_Creek" title="Courtois Creek">Courtois Creek</a> are found in the northeastern Ozarks. The <a href="/wiki/Black_River_(Arkansas%E2%80%93Missouri)" title="Black River (Arkansas–Missouri)">Black</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Francis_River" title="St. Francis River">St. Francis</a> rivers mark the eastern crescent of the Ozarks. The <a href="/wiki/James_River_(Missouri)" title="James River (Missouri)">James</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spring_River_(Arkansas)" title="Spring River (Arkansas)">Spring</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Fork_River_(Missouri%E2%80%93Arkansas)" title="North Fork River (Missouri–Arkansas)">North Fork</a> rivers are in south-central Missouri. Forming the west central border of the Ozarks from Missouri through Kansas and into Oklahoma are the <a href="/wiki/Spring_River_(Missouri)" title="Spring River (Missouri)">Spring River</a> and its tributary, Center Creek. Grand Falls, Missouri's largest natural waterfall, a <a href="/wiki/Chert" title="Chert">chert</a> outcropping, includes bluffs and <a href="/wiki/Glade_(geography)" title="Glade (geography)">glades</a> on Shoal Creek south of <a href="/wiki/Joplin,_Missouri" title="Joplin, Missouri">Joplin</a>. All these river systems see heavy recreational use in season, including the <a href="/wiki/Elk_River_(Oklahoma)" title="Elk River (Oklahoma)">Elk River</a> in southwestern Missouri and its tributary <a href="/wiki/Big_Sugar_Creek" title="Big Sugar Creek">Big Sugar Creek</a>. </p><p>Ozark rivers and streams are typically clear water, with <a href="/wiki/Baseflow" title="Baseflow">baseflows</a> sustained by many <a href="/wiki/Seep_(hydrology)" title="Seep (hydrology)">seeps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spring_(hydrology)" title="Spring (hydrology)">springs</a>, and flow through forests along <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a> bluffs. Gravel bars are common along shallow banks, while deep holes are found along bluffs.<sup id="cite_ref-Ozarks_Hydraulic_Modeling_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozarks_Hydraulic_Modeling-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Except during periods of heavy rain or snow melt — when water levels rise quite rapidly — their level of difficulty is suitable for most canoeing and tubing. </p><p>Fish hatcheries are common due to the abundance of springs and waterways.<sup id="cite_ref-Revolution_in_the_Heartland_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Revolution_in_the_Heartland-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Neosho_National_Fish_Hatchery" title="Neosho National Fish Hatchery">Neosho National Fish Hatchery</a> was built in 1888; it was the first federal hatchery. The <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Game_and_Fish_Commission" title="Arkansas Game and Fish Commission">Arkansas Game and Fish Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Department_of_Conservation" title="Missouri Department of Conservation">Missouri Department of Conservation</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service</a> operate numerous warm and cold water hatcheries and trout parks;<sup id="cite_ref-MDC_Hatcheries_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDC_Hatcheries-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> private hatcheries such as at <a href="/wiki/Rockbridge,_Missouri" title="Rockbridge, Missouri">Rockbridge</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are found throughout the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regional_economy">Regional economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Regional economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_economic_activity">Traditional economic activity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Traditional economic activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Ozarks contain ore deposits of <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barite" class="mw-redirect" title="Barite">barite</a>. Many of these deposits have been depleted by historic mining activities, but much remains and is currently being mined in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Southeastern_Missouri_Lead_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southeastern Missouri Lead District (page does not exist)">Lead Belt</a> of southeastern Missouri. Historically, the lead belt around the Saint Francois Mountains and the <a href="/wiki/Tri-State_district" title="Tri-State district">Tri-State district</a> lead-zinc mining area around <a href="/wiki/Joplin,_Missouri" title="Joplin, Missouri">Joplin, Missouri</a>, have been important sources of metals. Mining practices common in the early 20th century left significant abandoned underground mine problems and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metals" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy metals">heavy metal</a> contamination in topsoil and groundwater in the Tri-State district.<sup id="cite_ref-Joplin_district_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joplin_district-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GeoKansas_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeoKansas-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of the area supports <a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">beef</a> <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a> ranching, and <a href="/wiki/Dairy" title="Dairy">dairy</a> farming is common across the area. Dairy farms are usually <a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">cooperative</a> affairs, with small farms selling to a corporate wholesaler, who packages product under a common brand for retail sales. <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">Petroleum</a> exploration and extraction also takes place in the Oklahoma portion of the Ozarks, as well as in the east half of the Boston Mountains in Arkansas. <a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">Logging</a> of both <a href="/wiki/Softwood" title="Softwood">softwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hardwood" title="Hardwood">hardwood</a> timber species on both private land and in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Forest">National Forests</a> has long been an important economic activity. </p><p>The majority of the Ozarks is forested. <a href="/wiki/Oak%E2%80%93hickory_forest" title="Oak–hickory forest">Oak-hickory</a> is the predominant type; <a href="/wiki/Juniperus_virginiana" title="Juniperus virginiana">eastern junipers</a> are common, with stands of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Pinus_species" title="List of Pinus species">pine</a> often seen in the southern range. Less than a quarter of the region has been cleared for pasture and cropland.<sup id="cite_ref-Level_III_Ecoregions_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Level_III_Ecoregions-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Forests that were heavily logged during the early-to-mid-20th century have recovered; much of the remaining timber in the Ozarks is <a href="/wiki/Secondary_forest" title="Secondary forest">second-growth forest</a>. However, deforestation of <a href="/wiki/Old-growth_forest" title="Old-growth forest">frontier forest</a> contributed through <a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">erosion</a> to increased gravel bars along Ozark waterways in logged areas; stream channels have become wider and shallower, and deepwater fish habitat has been lost.<sup id="cite_ref-Ozarks_Stream_Geomorphology_Project_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozarks_Stream_Geomorphology_Project-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shelter_on_White_Rock_Mountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Shelter_on_White_Rock_Mountain.jpg/220px-Shelter_on_White_Rock_Mountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Shelter_on_White_Rock_Mountain.jpg/330px-Shelter_on_White_Rock_Mountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Shelter_on_White_Rock_Mountain.jpg/440px-Shelter_on_White_Rock_Mountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>CCC lookout on White Rock Mountain, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Arkansas" title="Franklin County, Arkansas">Franklin County, Arkansas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The numerous rivers and streams of the region saw hundreds of water-powered timber and grist mills.<sup id="cite_ref-Missouri_Mills_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Missouri_Mills-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Barry_Co_Mills_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barry_Co_Mills-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mills were important centers of culture and commerce; dispersed widely throughout the region, mills served local needs, often thriving within a few miles of another facility. Few Ozark mills relied on inefficient <a href="/wiki/Water_wheel" title="Water wheel">water wheels</a> for power; most utilized a <a href="/wiki/Dam" title="Dam">dam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sluice" title="Sluice">millrace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_turbine" title="Water turbine">water turbine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Water_Mills_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Water_Mills-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Civilian_Conservation_Corps" title="Civilian Conservation Corps">Civilian Conservation Corps</a> employed hundreds in the construction of nearly 400 fire lookouts throughout the Ozarks at 121 known sites in Arkansas<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 257 in Missouri.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of those lookouts, about half remain, and many of them are in use by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">U.S. Forest Service</a>. A 2007 report by the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust_for_Historic_Preservation" title="National Trust for Historic Preservation">National Trust for Historic Preservation</a> deemed these fire lookouts and related structures as one of America's 11 Most Endangered Historic Places.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Trust_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Trust-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1960s, federal activity promoted modernization, especially through better transportation and tourism. The Ozarks Regional Commission sponsored numerous projects.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_economic_activities">Current economic activities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Current economic activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ozarks" title="Special:EditPage/Ozarks">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ozarks%22">"Ozarks"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ozarks%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ozarks%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ozarks%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ozarks%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ozarks%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a> is the growth industry of the Ozarks as evidenced by the growth of the <a href="/wiki/Branson,_Missouri" title="Branson, Missouri">Branson, Missouri</a>, entertainment center celebrating traditional Ozark culture.<sup id="cite_ref-SW_Mo_Overall_Ec_Dev_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SW_Mo_Overall_Ec_Dev-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tourism_Transforms_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tourism_Transforms-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rapidly growing <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Arkansas" title="Northwest Arkansas">Northwest Arkansas metropolitan area</a> has also become a tourist hub, drawing nationwide attention for the <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art" title="Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art">Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville, Arkansas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Poultry" title="Poultry">Poultry</a> farming and food processing are significant industries throughout the region. The <a href="/wiki/Tyson_Foods" title="Tyson Foods">Tyson Foods</a> corporation and <a href="/wiki/ConAgra_Foods" class="mw-redirect" title="ConAgra Foods">ConAgra Foods</a> each operates several hundred poultry farms and processing plants throughout the Ozarks. <a href="/wiki/Schreiber_Foods" title="Schreiber Foods">Schreiber Foods</a> has operations throughout southern Missouri. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Trucking industry in the United States">trucking industry</a> is important to the regional economy, with national carriers based there including <a href="/wiki/J._B._Hunt" title="J. B. Hunt">J. B. Hunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABF_Freight_System" title="ABF Freight System">ABF</a>, and Prime, Inc. Springfield remains an operational hub for the <a href="/wiki/BNSF_Railway" title="BNSF Railway">BNSF Railway</a>. Logging and timber industries are also significant in the Ozark economy, with operations ranging from small family-run sawmills to large commercial concerns. <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies such as <a href="/wiki/Wal-Mart" class="mw-redirect" title="Wal-Mart">Wal-Mart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leggett_%26_Platt" title="Leggett & Platt">Leggett & Platt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bass_Pro_Shops" title="Bass Pro Shops">Bass Pro Shops</a>, and <a href="/wiki/O%27Reilly_Auto_Parts" title="O'Reilly Auto Parts">O'Reilly Auto Parts</a> are based in the Ozarks. </p><p>The area is home to several <a href="/wiki/Missouri_wine" title="Missouri wine">Missouri wine</a> and spirit regions, including the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Highlands_AVA" title="Ozark Highlands AVA">Ozark Highlands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Mountain_AVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozark Mountain AVA">Ozark Mountain</a> <a href="/wiki/American_Viticultural_Area" title="American Viticultural Area">American Viticultural Areas</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Highlands_Spirits" title="Ozark Highlands Spirits">Ozark Highland Spirits</a> Region. There are a number of <a href="/wiki/Craft_brewery_and_microbrewery" class="mw-redirect" title="Craft brewery and microbrewery">microbreweries</a> throughout the region.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of Missouri">Culture of Missouri</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Arkansas" title="Culture of Arkansas">Culture of Arkansas</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Black_Ozarkers" title="Black Ozarkers">Black Ozarkers</a></div> <p>"Ozark" also refers to the distinctive culture, architecture,<sup id="cite_ref-National_Trust_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Trust-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Joplin_Globe_Original_Ozarks_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joplin_Globe_Original_Ozarks-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ozark_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozark English">dialect</a> shared by the people who live on the plateau. Early settlers in Missouri were <a href="/wiki/American_pioneer" title="American pioneer">pioneers</a> who came west from the <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Southern Appalachians</a> at the beginning of the 19th century,<sup id="cite_ref-Revolution_in_the_Heartland_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Revolution_in_the_Heartland-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed in the 1840s and 1850s by <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a> immigrants. Much of the Ozark population is of <a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scots-Irish_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Scots-Irish Americans">Scots-Irish</a>, and German descent, and the Ozark families from which the regional culture derived<sup id="cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tend to have lived in the area since the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Rafferty_2_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rafferty_2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cave_Spring_School_1838.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cave_Spring_School_1838.jpg/170px-Cave_Spring_School_1838.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cave_Spring_School_1838.jpg/255px-Cave_Spring_School_1838.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cave_Spring_School_1838.jpg/340px-Cave_Spring_School_1838.jpg 2x" data-file-width="636" data-file-height="906" /></a><figcaption>The first public school in <a href="/wiki/Jasper_County,_Missouri" title="Jasper County, Missouri">Jasper County, Missouri</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Early settlers relied on <a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">hunting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trapping" title="Trapping">trapping</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Foraging" title="Foraging">foraging</a> to supplement their diets and incomes.<sup id="cite_ref-Revolution_in_the_Heartland_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Revolution_in_the_Heartland-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today hunting and fishing for recreation are common activities and an important part of the tourist industry. Foraging for <a href="/wiki/Edible_mushroom" title="Edible mushroom">mushrooms</a> (especially <a href="/wiki/Morel" class="mw-redirect" title="Morel">morels</a>) and for <a href="/wiki/American_ginseng" title="American ginseng">ginseng</a> is common and financially supported by established buyers in the area. Other forages include <a href="/wiki/Phytolacca_americana" title="Phytolacca americana">poke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Watercress" title="Watercress">watercress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diospyros_virginiana" title="Diospyros virginiana">persimmons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asimina_triloba" title="Asimina triloba">pawpaw</a>; wild berries such as <a href="/wiki/Blackberry" title="Blackberry">blackberry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_raspberry" title="Black raspberry">black raspberry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raspberry" title="Raspberry">raspberry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morus_rubra" title="Morus rubra">red mulberry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prunus_serotina" title="Prunus serotina">black cherry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia_strawberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia strawberry">wild strawberry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dewberry" title="Dewberry">dewberry</a>; and wild <a href="/wiki/Nut_(fruit)" title="Nut (fruit)">nuts</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Juglans_nigra" title="Juglans nigra">black walnut</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Acorn" title="Acorn">acorns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wild_Edibles_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wild_Edibles-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edible <a href="/wiki/Native_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Native plant">native</a> <a href="/wiki/Legume" title="Legume">legumes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grass" class="mw-redirect" title="Grass">wild grasses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wildflower" title="Wildflower">wildflowers</a> are plentiful, and <a href="/wiki/Beekeeping" title="Beekeeping">beekeeping</a> is common.<sup id="cite_ref-Naturalist_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Naturalist-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Print and broadcast media have explored Ozark culture broadly. Books set in the Ozarks include <i><a href="/wiki/Where_the_Red_Fern_Grows" title="Where the Red Fern Grows">Where the Red Fern Grows</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shepherd_of_the_Hills_(novel)" title="The Shepherd of the Hills (novel)">The Shepherd of the Hills</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Tourism_Transforms_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tourism_Transforms-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>As a Friend</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-As_A_Friend_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-As_A_Friend-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1999 film <i><a href="/wiki/Ride_with_the_Devil_(film)" title="Ride with the Devil (film)">Ride with the Devil</a></i>, based on the book <i>Woe to Live On</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> depicts conflict in southwest Missouri during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ward_L._Schrantz_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ward_L._Schrantz-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Winter%27s_Bone" title="Winter's Bone">Winter's Bone</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a novel by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Woodrell" title="Daniel Woodrell">Daniel Woodrell</a> (author of <i>Woe to Live On</i>), reflects on contemporary <a href="/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine">methamphetamine</a> culture and its impact on families on the plateau. Released as a feature film in 2010, <i>Winter's Bone</i> received the Grand Jury Prize at the <a href="/wiki/Sundance_Film_Festival" title="Sundance Film Festival">Sundance Film Festival</a>, as well as other awards. Several early and influential <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country-music</a> television and radio programs originated from <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield</a> in the 1950s and '60s, including ABC-TV's <i><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Jubilee" title="Ozark Jubilee">Ozark Jubilee</a></i> and <i>The <a href="/wiki/Slim_Wilson" title="Slim Wilson">Slim Wilson</a> Show</i> on <a href="/wiki/KYTV_(TV)" class="mw-redirect" title="KYTV (TV)">KYTV</a>. The Clampett clan of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Beverly_Hillbillies" title="The Beverly Hillbillies">The Beverly Hillbillies</a></i> TV show provide a stereotypical depiction of Ozark people. Ozark musicians include <a href="/wiki/Porter_Wagoner" title="Porter Wagoner">Porter Wagoner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old-time_music" title="Old-time music">old-time</a> <a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">fiddler</a> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Holt_(fiddler)" title="Bob Holt (fiddler)">Bob Holt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_on_Bob_Holt_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musical_Traditions_on_Bob_Holt-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> drama series <i><a href="/wiki/Ozark_(TV_series)" title="Ozark (TV series)">Ozark</a></i> takes place in <a href="/wiki/Osage_Beach,_Missouri" title="Osage Beach, Missouri">Osage Beach, Missouri</a> and revolves around the well-to-do Byrde family as their lives are uprooted and they are forced to move from <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> to the Ozarks after a <a href="/wiki/Money_laundering" title="Money laundering">money laundering</a> scheme goes wrong. The series focuses on the Byrdes' dealings in the Ozarks, as well as their interactions with local Ozark crime families. The series premiered on July 21, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Independent_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Independent-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Examples of commercial interpretations of traditional Ozark culture include the two major family theme parks in the region, <a href="/wiki/Silver_Dollar_City" title="Silver Dollar City">Silver Dollar City</a> and the now defunct <a href="/wiki/Dogpatch_USA" title="Dogpatch USA">Dogpatch USA</a>, and the resort entertainment complex in <a href="/wiki/Branson,_Missouri" title="Branson, Missouri">Branson</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozark_Folkways&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ozark Folkways (page does not exist)">Ozark Folkways</a> in <a href="/wiki/Winslow,_Arkansas" title="Winslow, Arkansas">Winslow, Arkansas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Folk_Center_State_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozark Folk Center State Park">Ozark Folk Center State Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_Arkansas" title="Mountain View, Arkansas">Mountain View, Arkansas</a>, interpret regional culture through musical performance and exhibitions of pioneer skills and crafts. </p><p>Traditional Ozark culture includes stories and tunes passed orally between generations through community music parties and other informal gatherings.<sup id="cite_ref-Genuine_Hillbilly_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Genuine_Hillbilly-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these tunes and tales can be traced to <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> origins<sup id="cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_2_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musical_Traditions_2-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to <a href="/wiki/German_folklore" title="German folklore">German folklore</a>. Moreover, historian <a href="/wiki/Vance_Randolph" title="Vance Randolph">Vance Randolph</a> attributes the formation of much Ozark lore to individual families when "backwoods parents begin by telling outrageous whoppers to their children and end by half believing the wildest of these tales themselves."<sup id="cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Randolph collected Ozark folklore and lyrics in volumes such as the national bestseller <i>Pissing in the Snow and Other Ozark Folktales</i> (University of Illinois Press, 1976), <i>Ozark Folksongs</i> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Missouri_Press" title="University of Missouri Press">University of Missouri Press</a>, 1980), a four-volume anthology of regional songs and ballads collected in the 1920s and 1930s,<sup id="cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_2_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musical_Traditions_2-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Ozark Magic and Folklore</i> (Courier Dover Publications, 1964).<sup id="cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Evidenced by Randolph's extensive <a href="/wiki/Field_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Field work">field work</a>, many Ozark anecdotes from the <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral tradition</a> are often <a href="/wiki/Ribaldry" title="Ribaldry">bawdy</a>, full of wild embellishments on everyday themes.<sup id="cite_ref-UI_Catalog_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UI_Catalog-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whole_Earth_Review_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whole_Earth_Review-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1941–42, commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Lomax" title="Alan Lomax">Alan Lomax</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Archive_of_Folk_Culture" title="Archive of Folk Culture">Archive of Folk Culture</a>, Randolph returned to the Ozarks with a portable recording machine from the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> and captured over 800 songs, ballads and instrumentals.<sup id="cite_ref-Rounder_Records_Cat_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rounder_Records_Cat-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Selected from among these several hundred recordings, 35 tracks were released on <i>Various Artists: Ozark Folksongs</i> (Rounder Records) in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_2_74-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musical_Traditions_2-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Artist%27s_Point,_AR.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Artist%27s_Point%2C_AR.JPG/220px-Artist%27s_Point%2C_AR.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Artist%27s_Point%2C_AR.JPG/330px-Artist%27s_Point%2C_AR.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Artist%27s_Point%2C_AR.JPG/440px-Artist%27s_Point%2C_AR.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Artist's Point, located along the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Mountains_Scenic_Loop" title="Boston Mountains Scenic Loop">Boston Mountains Scenic Loop</a> in <a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Arkansas" title="Crawford County, Arkansas">Crawford County, Arkansas</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Traditional_square_dance" title="Traditional square dance">Square dances</a> were an important social avenue throughout the Ozarks into the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Square_Dance-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Four_Musicians_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Four_Musicians-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Square dances sprang up wherever people concentrated around mills and timber camps, springs, fords, and in towns small and large. Geographically isolated communities saw their own local dance tunes and variations develop.<sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Square_Dance-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of all the traditional musicians in the Ozarks, the fiddler holds a distinct place in both the community and folklore.<sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Square_Dance-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Community fiddlers were revered for carrying local tunes; regionally, traveling fiddlers brought new tunes and entertainment, even while many viewed their arrival as a threat to morality.<sup id="cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_on_Bob_Holt_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musical_Traditions_on_Bob_Holt-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Square_Dance-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bittersweet_Four_Musicians_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bittersweet_Four_Musicians-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, Gordon McCann, a chronicler of Ozarks <a href="/wiki/Folklife" class="mw-redirect" title="Folklife">folklife</a> and fiddle music for over four decades, donated a collection of audio recordings, <a href="/wiki/Fieldnotes" title="Fieldnotes">fieldnotes</a> and photographs to <a href="/wiki/Missouri_State_University" title="Missouri State University">Missouri State University</a> in Springfield.<sup id="cite_ref-Gordon_McCann_Donation_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gordon_McCann_Donation-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The collection includes more than 3,000 hours of fiddle music and interviews recorded at jam sessions, music parties, concerts and dances in the Ozarks. Selected audio recordings along with biographical sketches, photographs and tune histories were published in Drew Beisswenger and Gordon McCann's 2008 book/37-track CD set <i>Mel Bay Presents Ozarks Fiddle Music: 308 Tunes Featuring 30 Legendary Fiddlers With Selections from 50 Other Great Ozarks Fiddlers</i>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2024_Missouri_Amendment_3_results_map_by_county.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2024_Missouri_Amendment_3_results_map_by_county.svg/200px-2024_Missouri_Amendment_3_results_map_by_county.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2024_Missouri_Amendment_3_results_map_by_county.svg/300px-2024_Missouri_Amendment_3_results_map_by_county.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2024_Missouri_Amendment_3_results_map_by_county.svg/400px-2024_Missouri_Amendment_3_results_map_by_county.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="717" /></a><figcaption>In the <a href="/wiki/2024_Missouri_Amendment_3" title="2024 Missouri Amendment 3">2024 Missouri Amendment 3</a>, counties in the Ozarks voted strongly against legal abortion.</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1973 to 1983, the Bittersweet project, which began as an English class at <a href="/wiki/Lebanon_High_School_(Missouri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lebanon High School (Missouri)">Lebanon High School</a> in Missouri, collected 476 taped and transcribed interviews, published 482 stories, and took over 50,000 photographs documenting traditional Ozark culture.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Population influx since the 1950s,<sup id="cite_ref-Baxter_Co_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_Co-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SW_Mo_Overall_Ec_Dev_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SW_Mo_Overall_Ec_Dev-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> coupled with geographically lying in both the <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upper_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper South">Upper South</a>, proximity to the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_embayment" title="Mississippi embayment">Mississippi embayment</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Osage_Plains" title="Osage Plains">Osage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Plains" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Plains">Northern Plains</a>, contributes to changing cultural values in the Ozarks. Theme parks and theatres seen to reflect regional values have little in common with traditional Ozark culture. Community tradition bearers remain active, in decreasing numbers, far afield of commercial offers.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ozark religion, like that of <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a>, was predominantly <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a> during periods of early settlement; it tends to the <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">conservative</a> or individualistic, with <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopalians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God" title="Assemblies of God">Assemblies of God</a>, Baptists including <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Church of Christ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostals</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> denominations present, as well as <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Catholics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Religious organizations headquartered in the Ozarks include the <a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God" title="Assemblies of God">Assemblies of God</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baptist_Bible_Fellowship_International" title="Baptist Bible Fellowship International">Baptist Bible Fellowship International</a> in <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield</a> and the <a href="/wiki/General_Association_of_General_Baptists" title="General Association of General Baptists">General Association of General Baptists</a> in <a href="/wiki/Poplar_Bluff,_Missouri" title="Poplar Bluff, Missouri">Poplar Bluff</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/32px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/48px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/64px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1400" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Missouri" title="Portal:Missouri">Missouri portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>National Forests of the Ozarks</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain_National_Forest" title="Mark Twain National Forest">Mark Twain National Forest</a> – United States historic center</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark%E2%80%93St._Francis_National_Forest" title="Ozark–St. Francis National Forest">Ozark–St. Francis National Forest</a> – United States National Forest located in the state of Arkansas</li></ul> <dl><dt>Ozark National Rivers and Wild Scenic Riverways</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo National River</a> – national river in northern Arkansas, USA<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_National_Scenic_Riverways" title="Ozark National Scenic Riverways">Ozark National Scenic Riverways</a> – National park<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleven_Point_National_Wild_and_Scenic_River" title="Eleven Point National Wild and Scenic River">Eleven Point National Wild and Scenic River</a> – park in Oregon County, Missouri, United States of America<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Hiking Trail Systems of the Ozarks</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Trail_(hiking_trail)" title="Ozark Trail (hiking trail)">Ozark Trail</a> – Multi-use trail in Missouri and Arkansas, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Highlands_Trail" title="Ozark Highlands Trail">Ozark Highlands Trail</a> – hiking and backpacking trail in Arkansas<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><span class="nowrap"></span> U.S. Wilderness Areas in the Ozarks</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;display:none;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Mountain_Wilderness" title="Bell Mountain Wilderness">Bell Mountain Wilderness</a> – Protected area in Missouri, US</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devils_Backbone_Wilderness" title="Devils Backbone Wilderness">Devils Backbone Wilderness</a> – Wilderness area in Missouri, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_Glades_Wilderness" title="Hercules Glades Wilderness">Hercules Glades Wilderness</a> – Wilderness area in Missouri</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Wilderness" title="Irish Wilderness">Irish Wilderness</a> – Wilderness in Missouri, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leatherwood_Wilderness" title="Leatherwood Wilderness">Leatherwood Wilderness</a> – Wilderness area</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Creek_Wilderness" title="Paddy Creek Wilderness">Paddy Creek Wilderness</a> – Wilderness area in Missouri, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piney_Creek_Wilderness" title="Piney Creek Wilderness">Piney Creek Wilderness</a> – Wilderness area in Missouri, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richland_Creek_Wilderness" title="Richland Creek Wilderness">Richland Creek Wilderness</a> – Wilderness area in Arkansas, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockpile_Mountain_Wilderness" title="Rockpile Mountain Wilderness">Rockpile Mountain Wilderness</a> – Wilderness area in Missouri, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Buffalo_Wilderness" title="Upper Buffalo Wilderness">Upper Buffalo Wilderness</a> – Protected area in Arkansas, United States</li></ul></dd></dl> </li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Highlands_(ecoregion)" title="Ozark Highlands (ecoregion)">Ozark Highlands (ecoregion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Unofficial_U.S._regions" title="List of regions of the United States">List of U.S. multistate regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Ozark_Forest_Ecosystem_Project" title="Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project">Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Trail_(auto_trail)" title="Ozark Trail (auto trail)">The Old Ozark Auto Trail</a> – auto trail<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Country" title="Green Country">Green Country</a> – Area of Oklahoma, USA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookson_Hills" title="Cookson Hills">Cookson Hills</a> – Hills in Oklahoma, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage_Underground" title="Carthage Underground">Carthage Underground</a> – mine in Missouri, United States of America<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Ships named Ozark</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Ozark_(1863)" title="USS Ozark (1863)">USS <i>Ozark</i> (1863)</a> – American river monitor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Ozark_(BM-7)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Ozark (BM-7)">USS <i>Ozark</i> (BM-7)</a> – U.S. Navy ship built launched in 1900<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Ozark_(LSV-2)" title="USS Ozark (LSV-2)">USS <i>Ozark</i> (LSV-2)</a> – WW II warship</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geokansas.ku.edu/ozark-plateau">"Ozark Plateau | GeoKansas"</a>. <i>geokansas.ku.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=geokansas.ku.edu&rft.atitle=Ozark+Plateau+%7C+GeoKansas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeokansas.ku.edu%2Fozark-plateau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Okrent, Arika (August 20, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/58490/why-isnt-arkansas-pronounced-kansas">"Why Isn't 'Arkansas' Pronounced Like 'Kansas'?"</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Mental_Floss" title="Mental Floss">Mental Floss</a></i>. Retrieved July 11, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart1967" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_R._Stewart" title="George R. Stewart">Stewart, George R.</a> (1967). <i>Names on the Land: A Historical Account of Place-Naming in the United States</i>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 137.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Names+on+the+Land%3A+A+Historical+Account+of+Place-Naming+in+the+United+States&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=George+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Randolph_primitive_society-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Randolph_primitive_society_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandolph1931" class="citation book cs1">Randolph, Vance (1931). <i>The Ozarks: An American Survival of Primitive Society</i>. New York: The Vanguard Press. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ozarks%3A+An+American+Survival+of+Primitive+Society&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=The+Vanguard+Press&rft.date=1931&rft.aulast=Randolph&rft.aufirst=Vance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morris_1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morris_1_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1985" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Morris S. (1985). <i>Unequal Laws Unto a Savage Race: European Legal Traditions in Arkansas, 1686-1836</i>. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-938626-76-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-938626-76-0"><bdi>0-938626-76-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unequal+Laws+Unto+a+Savage+Race%3A+European+Legal+Traditions+in+Arkansas%2C+1686-1836&rft.place=Fayetteville&rft.pub=University+of+Arkansas+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-938626-76-0&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Morris+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morris_2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morris_2_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1991" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Morris S. (1991). <i>Colonial Arkansas 1686-1804: A Social and Cultural History</i>. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55728-222-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-55728-222-6"><bdi>1-55728-222-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Colonial+Arkansas+1686-1804%3A+A+Social+and+Cultural+History&rft.place=Fayetteville&rft.pub=University+of+Arkansas+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=1-55728-222-6&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Morris+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EJW_Miller-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EJW_Miller_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1969" class="citation journal cs1">Miller, E. Joan Wilson (1969). "The naming of the land in the Arkansas Ozarks: A study in culture processes". <i>Annals of the Association of American Geographers</i>. <b>59</b> (2): 240–251. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8306.1969.tb00668.x">10.1111/j.1467-8306.1969.tb00668.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers&rft.atitle=The+naming+of+the+land+in+the+Arkansas+Ozarks%3A+A+study+in+culture+processes&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=240-251&rft.date=1969&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-8306.1969.tb00668.x&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=E.+Joan+Wilson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clifty_Hollow_Natural_Bridge-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Clifty_Hollow_Natural_Bridge_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Watkins, Conor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theozarkschronicle.com/archives/sciencefeb07.htm">"Ozarks geology: Clifty Creek Natural Area includes natural bridge"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150204151758/http://www.theozarkschronicle.com/archives/sciencefeb07.htm">Archived</a> February 4, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Ozarks Chronicle</i>, Rolla, Mo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrow1996" class="citation journal cs1">Morrow, Lynn (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080928121700/http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/wrv/V36/N2/f96c.htm">"Ozark/Ozarks: Establishing a Regional Term"</a>. <i>White River Valley Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>36</b> (2). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/wrv/V36/N2/f96c.htm">the original</a> on September 28, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=White+River+Valley+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Ozark%2FOzarks%3A+Establishing+a+Regional+Term&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Morrow&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelibrary.springfield.missouri.org%2Flochist%2Fperiodicals%2Fwrv%2FV36%2FN2%2Ff96c.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mo._Place_Names-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mo._Place_Names_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McMillen, Margot Ford. <i>A to Z Missouri: The Dictionary of Missouri Place Names</i>, Columbia, Missouri: Pebble Publishing, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9646625-4-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-9646625-4-X">0-9646625-4-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jerry D. Vineyard and Gerald L. Feder. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.mo.gov/pubs/WR29.pdf"><i>Springs of Missouri</i></a>. Missouri Department of Natural Resources and U.S. Geological Survey. 1974 (revised 1982).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MDNR_Karst_Factsheet-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MDNR_Karst_Factsheet_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDNR_Karst_Factsheet_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.mo.gov/env/wrc/springsandcaves.htm"><i>Karst, Springs and Caves in Missouri</i></a>, Missouri Department of Natural Resources</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSS-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MSS_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dnr.mo.gov/geology/wrc/caves.htm">"Caves in Missouri"</a>. November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Caves+in+Missouri&rft.date=2019-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdnr.mo.gov%2Fgeology%2Fwrc%2Fcaves.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OzarksWatch-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OzarksWatch_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rafferty, Milton. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/ozarkswatch/ow104a.htm">"The Ozarks as a Region: A Geographer's Description"</a>, <i>OzarksWatch</i>, Vol. I, No. 4, Spring 1988.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGS_Ozark_Aquifer_Map-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USGS_Ozark_Aquifer_Map_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://capp.water.usgs.gov/aquiferBasics/ext_ozarkas.html"><i>Ozark Aquifer Map</i></a>, United States Geological Survey.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ozarks_Stream_Geomorphology_Project-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ozarks_Stream_Geomorphology_Project_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ozarks_Stream_Geomorphology_Project_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cerc.usgs.gov/rss/osgp/projecttour.htm"><i>Project Tour - A quick visit to the Ozarks Stream Geomorphology Project</i></a>, United States Geological Survey.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ground_Water_Atlas_of_the_United_States-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ground_Water_Atlas_of_the_United_States_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/ha730/ch_d/D-text5.html">"HA 730-D Ozark Plateaus aquifer system"</a>. <i>usgs.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usgs.gov&rft.atitle=HA+730-D+Ozark+Plateaus+aquifer+system&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fha%2Fha730%2Fch_d%2FD-text5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chase_Lab-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chase_Lab_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biology.wustl.edu/faculty/chase/personal_pages/jon/ozark_glades_jon.htm">"Spatial Interaction Webs in Ozark Glades"</a>. John Chase, Assistant Professor. Washington University in St. Louis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720120721/http://www.biology.wustl.edu/faculty/chase/personal_pages/jon/ozark_glades_jon.htm">Archived</a> July 20, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ozark_glades-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ozark_glades_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWare2002" class="citation journal cs1">Ware, Stewart (2002). "Rock Outcrop Plant Communities (Glades) in the Ozarks: A Synthesis". <i>The Southwestern Naturalist</i>. <b>47</b> (4): 585–597. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3672662">10.2307/3672662</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3672662">3672662</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Rock+Outcrop+Plant+Communities+%28Glades%29+in+the+Ozarks%3A+A+Synthesis&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=585-597&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3672662&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3672662%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Ware&rft.aufirst=Stewart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bos-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bos_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuccione2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Guccione, Margaret J. (January 7, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=2389">"Boston Mountains"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Arkansas_History_and_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture">Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Butler_Center_for_Arkansas_Studies" title="Butler Center for Arkansas Studies">Butler Center for Arkansas Studies</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Central_Arkansas_Library_System" title="Central Arkansas Library System">Central Arkansas Library System</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Boston+Mountains&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Arkansas+History+and+Culture&rft.pub=Butler+Center+for+Arkansas+Studies+at+the+Central+Arkansas+Library+System&rft.date=2008-01-07&rft.aulast=Guccione&rft.aufirst=Margaret+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediaofarkansas.net%2Fencyclopedia%2Fentry-detail.aspx%3FentryID%3D2389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oza-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oza_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoti2011" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Foti, Thomas (August 26, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryid=440">"Ozark Mountains"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Buffalo+National+River&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Arkansas+History+and+Culture&rft.pub=Butler+Center+for+Arkansas+Studies+at+the+Central+Arkansas+Library+System&rft.date=2010-04-14&rft.aulast=Suzie&rft.aufirst=Rogers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediaofarkansas.net%2Fencyclopedia%2Fentry-detail.aspx%3Fsearch%3D1%26entryID%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/ozar">"Ozark National Scenic Riverways"</a>. Nps.gov. August 31, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rivers.gov/wsr-eleven-point.html">the original</a> on September 30, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Wild+%26+Scenic+Rivers&rft.atitle=Eleven+Point+River&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rivers.gov%2Fwsr-eleven-point.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geology.com/lakes-rivers-water/arkansas.shtml">"Arkansas Lake Map, River Map and Water Resources"</a>. <i>geology.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=geology.com&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Lake+Map%2C+River+Map+and+Water+Resources&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeology.com%2Flakes-rivers-water%2Farkansas.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ozarks_Hydraulic_Modeling-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ozarks_Hydraulic_Modeling_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">MS Panfil, RB Jacobson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cerc.usgs.gov/rss/rfmodel/">"Hydraulic Modeling of In-channel Habitats in the Ozark Highlands of Missouri: Assessment of Physical Habitat Sensitivity to Environmental Change"</a>. USGS-Biological Resources Division.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MDC_Hatcheries-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MDC_Hatcheries_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://mdc.mo.gov/areas/hatchery/">[1]</a> Missouri Fish Hatcheries and Trout Parks <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527084554/http://mdc.mo.gov/areas/hatchery/">Archived</a> May 27, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131206212805/http://www.arkansas.com/outdoors/fishing/resources/fish-hatcheries.aspx">"Fish Hatcheries in Arkansas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Department_of_Parks_%26_Tourism" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Department of Parks & Tourism">Arkansas Department of Parks & Tourism</a>. 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arkansas.com/outdoors/fishing/resources/fish-hatcheries.aspx">the original</a> on December 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fish+Hatcheries+in+Arkansas&rft.pub=Arkansas+Department+of+Parks+%26+Tourism&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arkansas.com%2Foutdoors%2Ffishing%2Fresources%2Ffish-hatcheries.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.watersheds.org/outdoors/recreation.htm">"Rockbridge"</a>. Watersheds.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rockbridge&rft.pub=Watersheds.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.watersheds.org%2Foutdoors%2Frecreation.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Joplin_district-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Joplin_district_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lasmanis, Raymond. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-53288731.html">Tri-State and Viburnum Trend Districts</a>, <i>Rocks & Minerals</i>, November 1, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090612081804/http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-53288731.html">Archived</a> June 12, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GeoKansas-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GeoKansas_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Extension/ozark/mining.html">"GeoKansas: Lead and Zinc Mining"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080706174103/http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Extension/ozark/mining.html">Archived</a> July 6, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kansas_Geological_Survey" title="Kansas Geological Survey">Kansas Geological Survey</a>. Updated May 5, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Level_III_Ecoregions-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Level_III_Ecoregions_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/cropmap/ecoreg/descript.html#39"><i>Primary Distinguishing Characteristics of Level III Ecoregions of the Continental United States</i></a>, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Revised April 2000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Missouri_Mills-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Missouri_Mills_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~gtusa/usa/mo/mills.htm">"Index to the old mills of Missouri"</a>. Hosted by rootsweb, this incomplete list includes almost 250 old mills in Missouri alone.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barry_Co_Mills-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Barry_Co_Mills_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~haddockfamily/oldmills.htm">Barry County, MO Mills</a> (Rootsweb)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Water_Mills-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Water_Mills_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Suggs, George E., Jr. <i>Water Mills of the Missouri Ozarks</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma_Press" title="University of Oklahoma Press">University of Oklahoma Press</a>: <a href="/wiki/Norman,_Oklahoma" title="Norman, Oklahoma">Norman, Oklahoma</a>. 1990</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120220815/http://www.firelookout.org/towers/ar/ar.htm">"Arkansas"</a>. Firelookout.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firelookout.org/towers/ar/ar.htm">the original</a> on November 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arkansas&rft.pub=Firelookout.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firelookout.org%2Ftowers%2Far%2Far.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120220746/http://www.firelookout.org/towers/mo/mo.htm">"Missouri"</a>. Firelookout.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firelookout.org/towers/mo/mo.htm">the original</a> on November 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Missouri&rft.pub=Firelookout.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firelookout.org%2Ftowers%2Fmo%2Fmo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-National_Trust-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-National_Trust_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Trust_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://savingplaces.org/11most-past-listings#.WOf6z4jytPY">"America's Most Endangered Historic Places Listings by Year - National Trust for Historic Preservation"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=America%27s+Most+Endangered+Historic+Places+Listings+by+Year+-+National+Trust+for+Historic+Preservation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsavingplaces.org%2F11most-past-listings%23.WOf6z4jytPY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Blake Perkins, "Growing the Hills: The Ozarks Regional Commission and the Politics of Economic Development in the Mid-American Highlands, 1960s–1970s," <i>Missouri Historical Review,</i> 107 (April 2013), 144–67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tourism_Transforms-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tourism_Transforms_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tourism_Transforms_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Snyder, Robert E. "Shepherd of the Hills Country: Tourism Transforms the Ozarks, 1880s-1930s". <i>The Journal of American Culture</i>, Volume 27 Issue 1, Pages 117-119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2013" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Jayne (June 28, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/destinations/2013/06/27/bentonville-broadens-its-palette/2466567/">"Wal-Mart's hometown: 'Mayberry' goes Manhattan"</a>. <i>USA Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Wal-Mart%27s+hometown%3A+%27Mayberry%27+goes+Manhattan&rft.date=2013-06-28&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Jayne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Ftravel%2Fdestinations%2F2013%2F06%2F27%2Fbentonville-broadens-its-palette%2F2466567%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSorensen2017" class="citation book cs1">Sorensen, Brian (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/34973559-arkansas-beer"><i>Arkansas Beer: An Intoxicating History</i></a>. Charleston, SC: American Palate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4671-3755-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4671-3755-3"><bdi>978-1-4671-3755-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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According to the National Register of Historic Places, the Rice-Upshaw House, ca.1826, "is one of the two oldest remaining standing buildings in Arkansas, and a rare surviving example of a building from Arkansas' territorial period"; Wolf House, ca. 1825, overlooks the junction of the Norfork and White rivers; the Craighead-Henry House, ca. 1816, is "one of the oldest known structures in the interior [Missouri] Ozarks."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ozark_Magic_and_Folklore_63-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Randolph, Vance. <i>Ozark Magic and Folklore</i>. 367 pages. 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Missouri Department of Conservation, 2nd edition (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mdc.mo.gov/sites/default/files/resources/2010/09/15891_0.pdf">Cover, Introduction, Acknowledgments and Preface</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150501085002/http://mdc.mo.gov/sites/default/files/resources/2010/09/15891_0.pdf">Archived</a> May 1, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/how/cooking/wild-edibles-missouri">Chapters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140808052810/http://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/how/cooking/wild-edibles-missouri">Archived</a> August 8, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mdc.mo.gov/sites/default/files/resources/2010/09/15906.pdf">Color Plates</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150921205540/http://mdc.mo.gov/sites/default/files/resources/2010/09/15906.pdf">Archived</a> September 21, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Naturalist-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Naturalist_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highplainsfilms.org/fp_naturalist.html"><i>The Naturalist</i></a>. High Plains Films. Doug Hawes-Davis, Director. 32 minutes, Color/B&W, 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-As_A_Friend-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-As_A_Friend_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Gander" title="Forrest Gander">Gander, Forrest</a>. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndpublishing.com/books/GanderAsaFriend.html">As a Friend</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928200449/http://www.ndpublishing.com/books/GanderAsaFriend.html">Archived</a> September 28, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>: <a href="/wiki/New_Directions_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="New Directions Publishers">New Directions Publishing Corporation</a>. 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woodrell, Daniel. <i>Woe to Live On</i>. Henry Holt, 1987.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ward_L._Schrantz-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ward_L._Schrantz_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ward L. Schrantz. <i>Jasper County, Missouri in the Civil War</i>. 1923.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woodrell, Daniel. <i>Winter's Bone</i>. Little, Brown and Company, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Musical_Traditions_on_Bob_Holt-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_on_Bob_Holt_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_on_Bob_Holt_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Henigan, Julie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mustrad.org.uk/articles/bob_holt.htm">Play Me Something Quick and Devilish: Bob Holt – Old-Time Square Dance Fiddler</a>, <i>Musical Traditions</i>, Article MT021, June 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Independent-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Independent_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoughrey2017" class="citation news cs1">Loughrey, Clarisse (May 25, 2017). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/netflix-ozark-tv-series-new-drug-trade-drama-jason-bateman-laura-linney-mexico-a7755401.html">"Ozark trailer: Exclusive look at Netflix's gritty, dark new drug trade drama"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/netflix-ozark-tv-series-new-drug-trade-drama-jason-bateman-laura-linney-mexico-a7755401.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Ozark+trailer%3A+Exclusive+look+at+Netflix%27s+gritty%2C+dark+new+drug+trade+drama&rft.date=2017-05-25&rft.aulast=Loughrey&rft.aufirst=Clarisse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fnetflix-ozark-tv-series-new-drug-trade-drama-jason-bateman-laura-linney-mexico-a7755401.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Genuine_Hillbilly-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Genuine_Hillbilly_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aunt Shelle Stormoe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://open.salon.com/blog/aunt_shelle_stormoe/2008/10/23/how_to_spot_a_genuine_ozark_hillbilly">"How to Spot a Genuine Ozark Hillbilly"</a>. October 23, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150204152346/http://open.salon.com/blog/aunt_shelle_stormoe/2008/10/23/how_to_spot_a_genuine_ozark_hillbilly">Archived</a> February 4, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Musical_Traditions_2-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_2_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_2_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Musical_Traditions_2_74-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, Vic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mustrad.org.uk/reviews/ozark4.htm">Review of Ozark Folksongs</a>, <i>Musical Traditions</i>, January 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UI_Catalog-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UI_Catalog_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandolph" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vance_Randolph" title="Vance Randolph">Randolph, Vance</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/catalog/33zcq6kh9780252013645.html">"University of Illinois Press Catalog Entry on <i>Pissing in the Snow and Other Ozark Folktales</i>"</a>. Press.uillinois.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Illinois+Press+Catalog+Entry+on+Pissing+in+the+Snow+and+Other+Ozark+Folktales&rft.pub=Press.uillinois.edu&rft.aulast=Randolph&rft.aufirst=Vance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.press.uillinois.edu%2Fbooks%2Fcatalog%2F33zcq6kh9780252013645.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whole_Earth_Review-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whole_Earth_Review_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Florer, Faith L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041119035624/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1510/is_1987_Summer/ai_5054266">"Book Review. Pissing in the snow and other Ozark folktales".</a> <i>Whole Earth Review</i>. Summer, 1987. "Because of their—ahem—subject matter, the tales contained in this volume could not be published with Randolph's four great collections of Ozark material published in the 1950s, and have until recently been circulating only in manuscript and on elusive microfilm."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rounder_Records_Cat-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rounder_Records_Cat_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rounder.com/?id=album.php&musicalGroupId=6619&catalog_id=6300">"Rounder Records Catalog Entry"</a>. Rounder.com. December 6, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rounder+Records+Catalog+Entry&rft.pub=Rounder.com&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rounder.com%2F%3Fid%3Dalbum.php%26musicalGroupId%3D6619%26catalog_id%3D6300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bittersweet_Square_Dance-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Square_Dance_78-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karen Mulrenin, Rita Saeger and Terry Brandt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/bittersweet/fa74d.htm">"Old-Time Ozark Square Dancing"</a>. <i>Bittersweet</i>, Volume II, No. 1, Fall 1974.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Fiddlin'_Around_79-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Foreman, Diana. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/bittersweet/wi77j.htm">"Fiddlin' Around"</a>. <i>Bittersweet</i>, Volume V, No. 2, Winter 1977.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bittersweet_Four_Musicians-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Four_Musicians_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bittersweet_Four_Musicians_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edited and photography by Allen Gage. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/bittersweet/sp82e.htm">"Old-Time Fiddling: A Traditional Folk Art With Four Ozark Musicians"</a>, <i>Bittersweet</i>, Volume IX, No. 3, Spring 1982.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gordon_McCann_Donation-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gordon_McCann_Donation_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.missouristate.edu/releases/42884.htm">Gordon McCann pledges collection to Missouri State University: Four decades of material will be housed in Meyer Library</a>. Missouri State University Press Release. September 26, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080413054454/http://www.news.missouristate.edu/releases/42884.htm">Archived</a> April 13, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/bittersweet/index.html">"Bittersweet"</a>. Thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bittersweet&rft.pub=Thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelibrary.springfield.missouri.org%2Flochist%2Fperiodicals%2Fbittersweet%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.missouristate.edu/projects/jamsessions/index.htm">"Jam Sessions in Southwest Missouri"</a>. Missouri State University Libraries.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/MO/200003191.html"><i>Bob Holt: Fiddler from the Missouri Ozarks</i></a>. Local Legacies project of the Library of Congress.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080510124306/http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/05_2000.asp">"The Association of Religion Data Archives | Maps & Reports"</a>. Thearda.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/05_2000.asp">the original</a> on May 10, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Association+of+Religion+Data+Archives+%26%23124%3B+Maps+%26+Reports&rft.pub=Thearda.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearda.com%2FmapsReports%2Freports%2Fstate%2F05_2000.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170327180710/http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/29_2000.asp">"The Association of Religion Data Archives | Maps & Reports"</a>. Thearda.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/29_2000.asp">the original</a> on March 27, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Association+of+Religion+Data+Archives+%26%23124%3B+Maps+%26+Reports&rft.pub=Thearda.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearda.com%2FmapsReports%2Freports%2Fstate%2F29_2000.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Beisswenger, Drew & Gordon McCann, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.folklib.net/book/index/book_ozarks_fiddle_music.shtml">Mel Bay Presents Ozarks Fiddle Music: 308 Tunes Featuring 30 Legendary Fiddlers With Selections from 50 Other Great Ozarks Fiddlers</a>.</i> 2008.</li> <li>Blevins, Brooks, <i>A History of the Ozarks: Volume 1: The Old Ozarks.</i> Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2018.</li> <li>Rafferty, Milton D. <i>The Ozarks: Land and Life.</i> Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 2001.</li> <li>Rafferty, Milton D. "Agricultural Change in the Western Ozarks" <i>Missouri Historical Review</i> 69 (April 1975): 299-322. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.shsmo.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/mhr/id/36089/rec/2?_gl=1*4wn5cm*_ga*MTkyNjAzOTc5My4xNjk4NDYxMDM0*_ga_B5NXL6MKLP*MTY5ODY2NTc4OC42LjEuMTY5ODY2NzcwMS4wLjAuMA..">online</a></li> <li>Randolph, Vance. <i>The Ozarks: An American Survival of Primitive Society.</i> 1931.</li> <li>Rossiter, Phyllis. <i>A Living History of the Ozarks</i> Gretna, LA: Pelican, 1992.</li> <li>Phillips, Jared. <i>Hipbillies: Deep Revolution in the Arkansas Ozarks</i> Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 2019.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Folklore">Folklore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Folklore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gilmore, Robert Karl. <i>Ozark Baptizings, Hangings, and Other Diversions: Theatrical Folkways of Rural Missouri, 1885-1910</i> Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984.</li> <li>Morrow, Lynn, and James Keefe, eds. <i>White River Chronicles.</i> Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 1994.</li> <li>McNeil, W. K.<i>Ozark Country.</i> Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 1995.</li> <li>Randolph, Vance. <i>Ozark Folksongs.</i> In four volumes. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1980)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>A reminiscent history of the Ozark region: comprising a condensed general history, a brief descriptive history of each county, and numerous biographical sketches of prominent citizens of such counties</i> (1894) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.umsystem.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?sid=2eb3977dac6e01be233d3e8ddf7526ca;g=;c=umlib;idno=umlm000017">full text</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Morrow, Lynn, and Linda Myers-Phinney. <i>Shepherd of the Hills Country: Tourism Transforms the Ozarks, 1880s–1930s.</i> Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 1999.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ozark_Mountains" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ozark Mountains">Ozark Mountains</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ozarks#Q1321468" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Ozarks">Ozarks</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/na0412">"Ozark Mountain Forests"</a>. <i>Terrestrial Ecoregions</i>. World Wildlife Fund.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terrestrial+Ecoregions&rft.atitle=Ozark+Mountain+Forests&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwildlife.org%2Fecoregions%2Fna0412&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/ozar">Ozark National Scenic Riverways</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Scott M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://academic.emporia.edu/schulmem/hydro/TERM%20PROJECTS/Smith/Ozark1.htm">"Ozark Aquifer"</a>. <i>Introduction to Hydrogeology</i>. Emporia State University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Introduction+to+Hydrogeology&rft.atitle=Ozark+Aquifer&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Scott+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Facademic.emporia.edu%2Fschulmem%2Fhydro%2FTERM%2520PROJECTS%2FSmith%2FOzark1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fws.gov/southwest/refuges/oklahoma/Ozark/">Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=440">Ozark Mountains, Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture, The Central Arkansas Library System.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080916163109/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/10/ozark-trail/white-text">The Intimate Wild: Ozark Highlands Trail, National Geographic, 10/2008.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://southernspaces.org/2010/closest-everlastin-ozark-agricultural-biodiversity-and-subsistence-traditions">"Closest to Everlastin'": Ozark Agricultural Biodiversity and Subsistence Traditions, 9/2010.</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbottMarston2009" class="citation web cs1">Abbott, B. Nick; Marston, Richard A. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=OZ002">"Ozark Plateau"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture</i>. Oklahoma Historical Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Oklahoma+History+and+Culture&rft.atitle=Ozark+Plateau&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B.+Nick&rft.au=Marston%2C+Richard+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.okhistory.org%2Fpublications%2Fenc%2Fentry.php%3Fentry%3DOZ002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOzarks" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><span class="nowrap"></span> National Scenic Byways of the Ozarks</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;display:none;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <dl><dd><dl><dd><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130812030405/http://byways.org/explore/byways/2155">Arkansas Scenic 7 Byway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130811171636/http://byways.org/explore/byways/2157">Ozark Highlands Scenic Byway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130811195447/http://byways.org/explore/byways/2156">Pig Trail Scenic Byway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130830201157/http://byways.org/explore/byways/2159/">Sylamore Scenic Byway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130812092122/http://byways.org/explore/byways/2295">Blue Buck Knob Scenic Byway</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130812171039/http://byways.org/explore/byways/2294">Glade Top Trail</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130813041317/http://byways.org/explore/byways/2296">Sugar Top Scenic Byway</a></li></ul></dd></dl></dd></dl> </li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Regions_of_Kansas" title="Category:Regions of Kansas">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Strip_(Kansas)" title="Cherokee Strip (Kansas)">Cherokee Strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Timbers" title="Cross Timbers">Cross Timbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissected_Till_Plains" title="Dissected Till Plains">Dissected Till Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East-Central_Kansas" title="East-Central Kansas">East Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_State_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Four State Area">Four State Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_Hills" title="Flint Hills">Flint Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Plains_(United_States)" title="High Plains (United States)">High Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_metropolitan_area" title="Kansas City metropolitan area">KC metro area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Kansas" title="North Central Kansas">North Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Plains" title="Osage Plains">Osage Plains</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ozarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hills_(Kansas)" title="Red Hills (Kansas)">Red Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_Trail" title="Santa Fe Trail">Santa Fe Trail Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoky_Hills" title="Smoky Hills">Smoky Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Kansas" title="Southeast Kansas">Southeast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Kansas" title="List of counties in Kansas">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_County,_Kansas" title="Allen County, Kansas">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_County,_Kansas" title="Anderson County, Kansas">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atchison_County,_Kansas" title="Atchison County, Kansas">Atchison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barber_County,_Kansas" title="Barber County, Kansas">Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barton_County,_Kansas" title="Barton County, Kansas">Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_County,_Kansas" title="Bourbon County, Kansas">Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_County,_Kansas" title="Brown County, Kansas">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_County,_Kansas" title="Butler County, Kansas">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_County,_Kansas" title="Chase County, Kansas">Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chautauqua_County,_Kansas" title="Chautauqua County, Kansas">Chautauqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_County,_Kansas" title="Cherokee County, Kansas">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_County,_Kansas" title="Cheyenne County, Kansas">Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Kansas" title="Clark County, Kansas">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_County,_Kansas" title="Clay County, Kansas">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_County,_Kansas" title="Cloud County, Kansas">Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffey_County,_Kansas" title="Coffey County, Kansas">Coffey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_County,_Kansas" title="Comanche County, Kansas">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowley_County,_Kansas" title="Cowley County, Kansas">Cowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Kansas" title="Crawford County, Kansas">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatur_County,_Kansas" title="Decatur County, Kansas">Decatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_County,_Kansas" title="Dickinson County, Kansas">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doniphan_County,_Kansas" title="Doniphan County, Kansas">Doniphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_Kansas" title="Douglas County, Kansas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_County,_Kansas" title="Edwards County, Kansas">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elk_County,_Kansas" title="Elk County, Kansas">Elk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_County,_Kansas" title="Ellis County, Kansas">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_County,_Kansas" title="Ellsworth County, Kansas">Ellsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finney_County,_Kansas" title="Finney County, Kansas">Finney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_County,_Kansas" title="Ford County, Kansas">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Kansas" title="Franklin County, Kansas">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geary_County,_Kansas" title="Geary County, Kansas">Geary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gove_County,_Kansas" title="Gove County, Kansas">Gove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_County,_Kansas" title="Graham County, Kansas">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_County,_Kansas" title="Grant County, Kansas">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_County,_Kansas" title="Gray County, Kansas">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeley_County,_Kansas" title="Greeley County, Kansas">Greeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwood_County,_Kansas" title="Greenwood County, Kansas">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Kansas" title="Hamilton County, Kansas">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_County,_Kansas" title="Harper County, Kansas">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_County,_Kansas" title="Harvey County, Kansas">Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell_County,_Kansas" title="Haskell County, Kansas">Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodgeman_County,_Kansas" title="Hodgeman County, Kansas">Hodgeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Kansas" title="Jackson County, Kansas">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kansas" title="Jefferson County, Kansas">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewell_County,_Kansas" title="Jewell County, Kansas">Jewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Kansas" title="Johnson County, Kansas">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kearny_County,_Kansas" title="Kearny County, Kansas">Kearny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingman_County,_Kansas" title="Kingman County, Kansas">Kingman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiowa_County,_Kansas" title="Kiowa County, Kansas">Kiowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labette_County,_Kansas" title="Labette County, Kansas">Labette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lane_County,_Kansas" title="Lane County, Kansas">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leavenworth_County,_Kansas" title="Leavenworth County, Kansas">Leavenworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Kansas" title="Lincoln County, Kansas">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linn_County,_Kansas" title="Linn County, Kansas">Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_County,_Kansas" title="Logan County, Kansas">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyon_County,_Kansas" title="Lyon County, Kansas">Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Kansas" title="Marion County, Kansas">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_County,_Kansas" title="Marshall County, Kansas">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McPherson_County,_Kansas" title="McPherson County, Kansas">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meade_County,_Kansas" title="Meade County, Kansas">Meade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_County,_Kansas" title="Miami County, Kansas">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_County,_Kansas" title="Mitchell County, Kansas">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Kansas" title="Montgomery County, Kansas">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_County,_Kansas" title="Morris County, Kansas">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_County,_Kansas" title="Morton County, Kansas">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemaha_County,_Kansas" title="Nemaha County, Kansas">Nemaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neosho_County,_Kansas" title="Neosho County, Kansas">Neosho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_County,_Kansas" title="Ness County, Kansas">Ness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norton_County,_Kansas" title="Norton County, Kansas">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_County,_Kansas" title="Osage County, Kansas">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osborne_County,_Kansas" title="Osborne County, Kansas">Osborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_County,_Kansas" title="Ottawa County, Kansas">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_County,_Kansas" title="Pawnee County, Kansas">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_County,_Kansas" title="Phillips County, Kansas">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottawatomie_County,_Kansas" title="Pottawatomie County, Kansas">Pottawatomie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_County,_Kansas" title="Pratt County, Kansas">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawlins_County,_Kansas" title="Rawlins County, Kansas">Rawlins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reno_County,_Kansas" title="Reno County, Kansas">Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_County,_Kansas" title="Republic County, Kansas">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_County,_Kansas" title="Rice County, Kansas">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riley_County,_Kansas" title="Riley County, Kansas">Riley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooks_County,_Kansas" title="Rooks County, Kansas">Rooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_County,_Kansas" title="Rush County, Kansas">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_County,_Kansas" title="Russell County, Kansas">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saline_County,_Kansas" title="Saline County, Kansas">Saline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_County,_Kansas" title="Scott County, Kansas">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedgwick_County,_Kansas" title="Sedgwick County, Kansas">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seward_County,_Kansas" title="Seward County, Kansas">Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawnee_County,_Kansas" title="Shawnee County, Kansas">Shawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_County,_Kansas" title="Sheridan County, Kansas">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_County,_Kansas" title="Sherman County, Kansas">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_County,_Kansas" title="Smith County, Kansas">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_County,_Kansas" title="Stafford County, Kansas">Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanton_County,_Kansas" title="Stanton County, Kansas">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevens_County,_Kansas" title="Stevens County, Kansas">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumner_County,_Kansas" title="Sumner County, Kansas">Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_County,_Kansas" title="Thomas County, Kansas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trego_County,_Kansas" title="Trego County, Kansas">Trego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabaunsee_County,_Kansas" title="Wabaunsee County, Kansas">Wabaunsee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_County,_Kansas" title="Wallace County, Kansas">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Kansas" title="Washington County, Kansas">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_County,_Kansas" title="Wichita County, Kansas">Wichita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_County,_Kansas" title="Wilson County, Kansas">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodson_County,_Kansas" title="Woodson County, Kansas">Woodson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandotte_County,_Kansas" title="Wyandotte County, Kansas">Wyandotte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Kansas" title="List of cities in Kansas">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_townships_in_Kansas" title="List of townships in Kansas">Townships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_census-designated_places_in_Kansas" title="List of census-designated places in Kansas">Census-designated places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unincorporated_communities_in_Kansas" title="List of unincorporated communities in Kansas">Unincorporated communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_towns_in_Kansas" title="List of ghost towns in Kansas">Ghost towns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Kansas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Kansas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Kansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Kansas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Kansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Kansas" title="Portal:Kansas">Kansas portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Oklahoma" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oklahoma" title="Template:Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Oklahoma" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Oklahoma" title="Outline of Oklahoma">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Oklahoma-related_articles" title="Index of Oklahoma-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Oklahoma" title="Climate change in Oklahoma">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Oklahoma" title="List of earthquakes in Oklahoma">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Oklahoma" title="Geography of Oklahoma">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Oklahoma" title="Government of Oklahoma">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Oklahoma" title="Governor of Oklahoma">governor</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Oklahoma" title="List of governors of Oklahoma">list</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Oklahoma" title="History of Oklahoma">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_Rush_of_1889" title="Land Rush of 1889">Land Rush of 1889</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_Run_of_1891" title="Land Run of 1891">1891</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_Run_of_1892" title="Land Run of 1892">1892</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_Run_of_1893" title="Land Run of 1893">1893</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Land_Run_of_1895" title="Land Run of 1895">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unassigned_Lands" title="Unassigned Lands">Unassigned Lands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Oklahoma" title="Category:Mass media in Oklahoma">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Oklahoma" title="List of newspapers in Oklahoma">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Oklahoma" title="List of radio stations in Oklahoma">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Oklahoma" title="List of television stations in Oklahoma">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Oklahoma" title="List of people from Oklahoma">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma#Sports" title="Oklahoma">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oklahoma_state_symbols" title="List of Oklahoma state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Oklahoma" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Oklahoma">Tourist attractions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Oklahoma" title="Abortion in Oklahoma">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Oklahoma" title="Cannabis in Oklahoma">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oklahoma_culture" title="Category:Oklahoma culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Oklahoma" title="Crime in Oklahoma">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Oklahoma" title="Demographics of Oklahoma">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Oklahoma" title="Economy of Oklahoma">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma#Education" title="Oklahoma">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Oklahoma" title="Gun laws in Oklahoma">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Oklahoma" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Oklahoma">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Oklahoma" title="Politics of Oklahoma">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark-La-Tex" title="Ark-La-Tex">Arklatex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Oklahoma" title="Central Oklahoma">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Outlet" title="Cherokee Outlet">Cherokee Outlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_Country" title="Choctaw Country">Choctaw Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Timbers" title="Cross Timbers">Cross Timbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_State_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Four State Area">Four State Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_Hills" title="Flint Hills">Flint Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Country" title="Green Country">Green Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Dixie_(Oklahoma)" title="Little Dixie (Oklahoma)">Little Dixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Oklahoma" title="Northwestern Oklahoma">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_metropolitan_area" title="Oklahoma City metropolitan area">Oklahoma City Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Ozarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Panhandle" class="mw-redirect" title="Oklahoma Panhandle">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Central_Oklahoma" title="South Central Oklahoma">South Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Oklahoma" title="Southwestern Oklahoma">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texoma" title="Texoma">Texoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa_metropolitan_area" title="Tulsa metropolitan area">Tulsa Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Oklahoma" title="Western Oklahoma">Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Oklahoma" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Oklahoma">Largest cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardmore,_Oklahoma" title="Ardmore, Oklahoma">Ardmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartlesville,_Oklahoma" title="Bartlesville, Oklahoma">Bartlesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bixby,_Oklahoma" title="Bixby, Oklahoma">Bixby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken_Arrow,_Oklahoma" title="Broken Arrow, Oklahoma">Broken Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_City,_Oklahoma" title="Del City, Oklahoma">Del City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncan,_Oklahoma" title="Duncan, Oklahoma">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond,_Oklahoma" title="Edmond, Oklahoma">Edmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enid,_Oklahoma" title="Enid, Oklahoma">Enid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawton,_Oklahoma" title="Lawton, Oklahoma">Lawton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_City,_Oklahoma" title="Midwest City, Oklahoma">Midwest City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskogee,_Oklahoma" title="Muskogee, Oklahoma">Muskogee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moore,_Oklahoma" title="Moore, Oklahoma">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman,_Oklahoma" title="Norman, Oklahoma">Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owasso,_Oklahoma" title="Owasso, Oklahoma">Owasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponca_City,_Oklahoma" title="Ponca City, Oklahoma">Ponca City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawnee,_Oklahoma" title="Shawnee, Oklahoma">Shawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stillwater,_Oklahoma" title="Stillwater, Oklahoma">Stillwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon,_Oklahoma" title="Yukon, Oklahoma">Yukon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Oklahoma" title="List of counties in Oklahoma">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adair_County,_Oklahoma" title="Adair County, Oklahoma">Adair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfalfa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Alfalfa County, Oklahoma">Alfalfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atoka_County,_Oklahoma" title="Atoka County, Oklahoma">Atoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_County,_Oklahoma" title="Beaver County, Oklahoma">Beaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beckham_County,_Oklahoma" title="Beckham County, Oklahoma">Beckham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaine_County,_Oklahoma" title="Blaine County, Oklahoma">Blaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_County,_Oklahoma" title="Bryan County, Oklahoma">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caddo_County,_Oklahoma" title="Caddo County, Oklahoma">Caddo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_County,_Oklahoma" title="Canadian County, Oklahoma">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_County,_Oklahoma" title="Carter County, Oklahoma">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Cherokee County, Oklahoma">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_County,_Oklahoma" title="Choctaw County, Oklahoma">Choctaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimarron_County,_Oklahoma" title="Cimarron County, Oklahoma">Cimarron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_County,_Oklahoma" title="Cleveland County, Oklahoma">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_County,_Oklahoma" title="Coal County, Oklahoma">Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_County,_Oklahoma" title="Comanche County, Oklahoma">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_County,_Oklahoma" title="Cotton County, Oklahoma">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_County,_Oklahoma" title="Craig County, Oklahoma">Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_County,_Oklahoma" title="Creek County, Oklahoma">Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custer_County,_Oklahoma" title="Custer County, Oklahoma">Custer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_County,_Oklahoma" title="Delaware County, Oklahoma">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewey_County,_Oklahoma" title="Dewey County, Oklahoma">Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_County,_Oklahoma" title="Ellis County, Oklahoma">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garfield_County,_Oklahoma" title="Garfield County, Oklahoma">Garfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garvin_County,_Oklahoma" title="Garvin County, Oklahoma">Garvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grady_County,_Oklahoma" title="Grady County, Oklahoma">Grady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_County,_Oklahoma" title="Grant County, Oklahoma">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greer_County,_Oklahoma" title="Greer County, Oklahoma">Greer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmon_County,_Oklahoma" title="Harmon County, Oklahoma">Harmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_County,_Oklahoma" title="Harper County, Oklahoma">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell_County,_Oklahoma" title="Haskell County, Oklahoma">Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_County,_Oklahoma" title="Hughes County, Oklahoma">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Oklahoma" title="Jackson County, Oklahoma">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Oklahoma" title="Jefferson County, Oklahoma">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnston_County,_Oklahoma" title="Johnston County, Oklahoma">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_County,_Oklahoma" title="Kay County, Oklahoma">Kay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingfisher_County,_Oklahoma" title="Kingfisher County, Oklahoma">Kingfisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiowa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Kiowa County, Oklahoma">Kiowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latimer_County,_Oklahoma" title="Latimer County, Oklahoma">Latimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Flore_County,_Oklahoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Flore County, Oklahoma">Le Flore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Oklahoma" title="Lincoln County, Oklahoma">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_County,_Oklahoma" title="Logan County, Oklahoma">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_County,_Oklahoma" title="Love County, Oklahoma">Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_County,_Oklahoma" title="Major County, Oklahoma">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_County,_Oklahoma" title="Marshall County, Oklahoma">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayes_County,_Oklahoma" title="Mayes County, Oklahoma">Mayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McClain_County,_Oklahoma" title="McClain County, Oklahoma">McClain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCurtain_County,_Oklahoma" title="McCurtain County, Oklahoma">McCurtain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McIntosh_County,_Oklahoma" title="McIntosh County, Oklahoma">McIntosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_County,_Oklahoma" title="Murray County, Oklahoma">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskogee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Muskogee County, Oklahoma">Muskogee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_County,_Oklahoma" title="Noble County, Oklahoma">Noble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowata_County,_Oklahoma" title="Nowata County, Oklahoma">Nowata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okfuskee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Okfuskee County, Oklahoma">Okfuskee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_County,_Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma County, Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okmulgee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Okmulgee County, Oklahoma">Okmulgee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_County,_Oklahoma" title="Osage County, Oklahoma">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Ottawa County, Oklahoma">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pawnee County, Oklahoma">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payne_County,_Oklahoma" title="Payne County, Oklahoma">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburg_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pittsburg County, Oklahoma">Pittsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontotoc_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pontotoc County, Oklahoma">Pontotoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottawatomie_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma">Pottawatomie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushmataha_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pushmataha County, Oklahoma">Pushmataha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Mills_County,_Oklahoma" title="Roger Mills County, Oklahoma">Roger Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_County,_Oklahoma" title="Rogers County, Oklahoma">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminole_County,_Oklahoma" title="Seminole County, Oklahoma">Seminole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequoyah_County,_Oklahoma" title="Sequoyah County, Oklahoma">Sequoyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephens_County,_Oklahoma" title="Stephens County, Oklahoma">Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_County,_Oklahoma" title="Texas County, Oklahoma">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tillman_County,_Oklahoma" title="Tillman County, Oklahoma">Tillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa_County,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa County, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagoner_County,_Oklahoma" title="Wagoner County, Oklahoma">Wagoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Oklahoma" title="Washington County, Oklahoma">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washita_County,_Oklahoma" title="Washita County, Oklahoma">Washita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woods_County,_Oklahoma" title="Woods County, Oklahoma">Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodward_County,_Oklahoma" title="Woodward County, Oklahoma">Woodward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/32px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/48px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/64px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma" title="Portal:Oklahoma">Oklahoma portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mountains_of_Arkansas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mountains_of_Arkansas" title="Template:Mountains of Arkansas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Mountains_of_Arkansas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Mountains of Arkansas (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mountains_of_Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mountains of Arkansas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mountains_of_Arkansas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mountains of <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Magazine" title="Mount Magazine">Mount Magazine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ozarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Brothers_(Ozarks)" title="Three Brothers (Ozarks)">Three Brothers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Mountains" title="Boston Mountains">Boston Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glazypeau_Mountain" title="Glazypeau Mountain">Glazypeau Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Nebo_(Arkansas)" title="Mount Nebo (Arkansas)">Mount Nebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Jean_State_Park" title="Petit Jean State Park">Petit Jean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Mountain_State_Park" title="Pinnacle Mountain State Park">Pinnacle Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Mountain_(Arkansas%E2%80%93Oklahoma)" title="Rich Mountain (Arkansas–Oklahoma)">Rich Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinall_Mountain" title="Shinall Mountain">Shinall Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugarloaf_Mountain_(Cleburne_County,_Arkansas)" title="Sugarloaf Mountain (Cleburne County, Arkansas)">Sugarloaf Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Interior_Highlands" title="U.S. Interior Highlands">U.S. Interior Highlands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/16px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/24px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arkansas" title="Portal:Arkansas">Arkansas portal</a></b> •  <b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Matterhorn_as_seen_from_Zermatt.png/16px-The_Matterhorn_as_seen_from_Zermatt.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Matterhorn_as_seen_from_Zermatt.png/24px-The_Matterhorn_as_seen_from_Zermatt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Matterhorn_as_seen_from_Zermatt.png/32px-The_Matterhorn_as_seen_from_Zermatt.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="994" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mountains" title="Portal:Mountains">Mountains portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mountains_of_Missouri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mountains_of_Missouri" title="Template:Mountains of Missouri"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mountains_of_Missouri" title="Template talk:Mountains of Missouri"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mountains_of_Missouri" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mountains of Missouri"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mountains_of_Missouri" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_Missouri" title="List of mountain peaks of Missouri">Mountains of Missouri</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ozarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/St._Francois_Mountains" title="St. Francois Mountains">St. Francois Mountains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buck_Mountain_(St._Francois_County,_Missouri)" title="Buck Mountain (St. Francois County, Missouri)">Buck Mountain (St. Francois County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogan_Mountain" title="Hogan Mountain">Hogan Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Mountain" title="Hughes Mountain">Hughes Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketcherside_Mountain" title="Ketcherside Mountain">Ketcherside Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilot_Knob_(Iron_County,_Missouri)" title="Pilot Knob (Iron County, Missouri)">Pilot Knob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Mountain" title="Russell Mountain">Russell Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Mountain" title="Shepherd Mountain">Shepherd Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Stony Mountain (Missouri)">Stony Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taum_Sauk_Mountain" title="Taum Sauk Mountain">Taum Sauk Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Wildcat Mountain (Missouri)">Wildcat Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other peaks in and around <br />the St. Francois of SE Missouri</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aley_Mountain" title="Aley Mountain">Aley Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_Mountain" title="Anderson Mountain">Anderson Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bain_Hill" title="Bain Hill">Bain Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bald_Knob_(St._Francois_County,_Missouri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bald Knob (St. Francois County, Missouri)">Bald Knob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beck_Mountain" title="Beck Mountain">Beck Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Hill_(Missouri)" title="Big Hill (Missouri)">Big Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Black Mountain (Missouri)">Black Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackjack_Hill" title="Blackjack Hill">Blackjack Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Blue Mountain (Missouri)">Blue Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_Tray_Mountain" title="Bread Tray Mountain">Bread Tray Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Mountain_(Iron_County,_Missouri)" title="Brown Mountain (Iron County, Missouri)">Brown Mountain (Iron County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Mountain_(St._Francois_County,_Missouri)" title="Brown Mountain (St. Francois County, Missouri)">Brown Mountain (St. Francois County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_Mountain_(Iron_County,_Missouri)" title="Buck Mountain (Iron County, Missouri)">Buck Mountain (Iron County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_Mountain_(Madison_County,_Missouri)" title="Buck Mountain (Madison County, Missouri)">Buck Mountain (Madison County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckner_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Buckner Mountain (Missouri)">Buckner Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buford_Mountain_Conservation_Area" title="Buford Mountain Conservation Area">Buford Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chalk_Hill_(Missouri)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chalk Hill (Missouri) (page does not exist)">Chalk Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goggins_Mountain" class="mw-redirect" title="Goggins Mountain">Goggins Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Oak Mountain (Missouri)">Oak Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Pine Mountain (Missouri)">Pine Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickus_Hill" title="Rickus Hill">Rickus Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stono_Mountain" title="Stono Mountain">Stono Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_Mine_Mountain" title="Tin Mine Mountain">Tin Mine Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vail_Mountain_(Missouri)" title="Vail Mountain (Missouri)">Vail Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wachita_Mountain" title="Wachita Mountain">Wachita Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other peaks in the Ozarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baird_Mountain" title="Baird Mountain">Baird Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobs_Knob" title="Bobs Knob">Bobs Knob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista_(Missouri)" title="Chula Vista (Missouri)">Chula Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyger_Mountain" title="Keyger Mountain">Keyger Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_Hill_(summit)" title="Lead Hill (summit)">Lead Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lime_Kiln_Mountain" title="Lime Kiln Mountain">Lime Kiln Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bird_Hill" title="Bird Hill">Bird Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mound_(Vernon_County,_Missouri)" title="Blue Mound (Vernon County, Missouri)">Blue Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowler_Hill" title="Bowler Hill">Bowler Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_Hill_(Missouri)" title="Bone Hill (Missouri)">Bone Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Hill_(Missouri)" title="Jackson Hill (Missouri)">Jackson Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_Mountain,_Missouri" title="Monkey Mountain, Missouri">Monkey Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagon_Knob" title="Wagon Knob">Wagon Knob</a></li></ul> <p>See also: <a href="/wiki/U.S._Interior_Highlands" title="U.S. Interior Highlands">U.S. Interior Highlands</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mountains_of_Oklahoma" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mountains_of_Oklahoma" title="Template:Mountains of Oklahoma"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mountains_of_Oklahoma" title="Template talk:Mountains of Oklahoma"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mountains_of_Oklahoma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mountains of Oklahoma"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mountains_of_Oklahoma" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mountains of <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kiamichi_Mountains" title="Kiamichi Mountains">Kiamichi Mountains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Mountain_(Oklahoma)" title="Big Mountain (Oklahoma)">Big Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Mountain" title="Rodney Mountain">Rodney Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Mountain" title="Lost Mountain">Lost Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Mountain_(Arkansas%E2%80%93Oklahoma)" title="Rich Mountain (Arkansas–Oklahoma)">Rich Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Mountains" title="Wichita Mountains">Wichita Mountains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pinchot_(Oklahoma)" title="Mount Pinchot (Oklahoma)">Mount Pinchot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Scott_(Oklahoma)" title="Mount Scott (Oklahoma)">Mount Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_Mountain" title="Quartz Mountain">Quartz Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_Mountains" title="Quartz Mountains">Quartz Mountains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_Hills,_Oklahoma" title="Antelope Hills, Oklahoma">Antelope Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbuckle_Mountains" title="Arbuckle Mountains">Arbuckle Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mesa_(Oklahoma)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Mesa (Oklahoma)">Black Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Mountains" title="Boston Mountains">Boston Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_Mountains" title="Glass Mountains">Glass Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhorn_Mountain" title="Longhorn Mountain">Longhorn Mountain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ozarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainy_Mountain" title="Rainy Mountain">Rainy Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sans_Bois_Mountains" title="Sans Bois Mountains">Sans Bois Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Interior_Highlands" title="U.S. Interior Highlands">U.S. Interior Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilton_Mountain" title="Wilton Mountain">Wilton Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321468#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321468#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321468#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/5037153954899905680007">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4116860-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85096385">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007555723605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10043504">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&oldid=1256424987">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ozarks&oldid=1256424987</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ozarks" title="Category:Ozarks">Ozarks</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Civilian_Conservation_Corps_in_Arkansas" title="Category:Civilian Conservation Corps in Arkansas">Civilian Conservation Corps in Arkansas</a></li><li><a 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