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Drude - Wikipedia

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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Drude</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Malevolent nocturnal spirit in German folklore</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the name, see <a href="/wiki/Drude_(surname)" title="Drude (surname)">Drude (surname)</a>. For the Broadway musical, see <a href="/wiki/Drood" class="mw-redirect" title="Drood">Drood</a>.</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/German_folklore" title="German folklore">German folklore</a>, a <b>drude</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Drude</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">&#91;ˈdʁuːdə&#93;</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Plural" title="Plural">pl.</a> <i>Druden</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>) is a kind of malevolent nocturnal spirit (an <a href="/wiki/Alp_(folklore)" title="Alp (folklore)">alp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobold" title="Kobold">kobold</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hag" title="Hag">hag</a>) associated with <a href="/wiki/Nightmare" title="Nightmare">nightmares</a>, prevalent especially in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Germany" title="Southern Germany">Southern Germany</a>. Druden were said to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Wild_Hunt" title="Wild Hunt">Wild Hunt</a> and were considered a particular class of demon in <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_de_Spina" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso de Spina">Alfonso de Spina</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Classification_of_demons" title="Classification of demons">hierarchy</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> The word also came to be used as a generic term for "<a href="/wiki/Witch" class="mw-redirect" title="Witch">witch</a>" in the 16th century (<a href="/wiki/Hans_Sachs" title="Hans Sachs">Hans Sachs</a>). </p><p>The word is attested as the <a href="/wiki/Middle_High_German" title="Middle High German">Middle High German</a> <i>trute</i>, and in early modern lexicography and down to the 19th century, it was popularly associated with the word <i><a href="/wiki/Druid" title="Druid">druid</a></i>, without any etymological justification – its actual origin is unknown. <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Grimm" title="Jacob Grimm">Jacob Grimm</a> suggests derivation from a euphemistic <i>trût</i> (modern <i>traut</i>, meaning "dear, beloved; intimate"), but cites as an alternative suggestion a relation to the <a href="/wiki/Valkyrie" title="Valkyrie">valkyrie</a>'s name <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0r" title="Þrúðr">Þrúðr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> If so it is natural to connect the <i>druden</i> with the daughter of the chieftain of the gods in the Norse religion, <a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a>, and his wife <a href="/wiki/Sif" title="Sif">Sif</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drudenfuss"><i>Drudenfuss</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drude&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Drudenfuss"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wappen_Weiler-Rems.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Wappen_Weiler-Rems.svg/170px-Wappen_Weiler-Rems.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Wappen_Weiler-Rems.svg/255px-Wappen_Weiler-Rems.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Wappen_Weiler-Rems.svg/340px-Wappen_Weiler-Rems.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="238" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weiler_(Schorndorf)" class="extiw" title="de:Weiler (Schorndorf)">Weiler-Rems</a> coat of arms containing a Drudenfuss</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i>Drudenfuss</i> (or <i>Drudenfuß</i>), literally "drude's foot" (also <i>Alpfuss</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>), is the <a href="/wiki/Pentagram" title="Pentagram">pentagram</a> symbol (in early usage also either a pentagram or a <a href="/wiki/Hexagram" title="Hexagram">hexagram</a>), believed to ward off demons, explicitly so named in <a href="/wiki/Goethe" class="mw-redirect" title="Goethe">Goethe</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Faust_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Faust I">Faust</a> (1808). The word has been in use since at least the 17th century, recorded by <a href="/wiki/Justus_Georg_Schottelius" title="Justus Georg Schottelius">Justus Georg Schottelius</a> (as <i>drutenfusz</i>, glossed <i>omnis incolumitatis signum </i>). Its apotropaic use is well recorded for 18th- to 19th-century folk belief in Bavaria and Tyrol.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Drudenfuss</i> is also the German name of the pentagram used as a heraldic device (alternatively <i>Drudenkreuz</i> "drude's cross" and <i>Alpfuß, Alfenfuß</i> "elf-foot" or <i>Alpkreuz</i> "elf-cross") besides the more descriptive <i>Pentalpha</i> or <i>Fünfstern</i>. </p><p><i>Drudenfuss</i> is another name for <a href="/wiki/Mistletoe" title="Mistletoe">mistletoe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drudenstein"><i>Drudenstein</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drude&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Drudenstein"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i>Drudenstein</i> is a pebble with a naturally formed hole in the center. In Bavaria, such pebbles were hung in rooms, on cradles or in stables to ward off nightmares, or to protect horses against matted manes or tails.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drude&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incubus" title="Incubus">Incubus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mare_(folklore)" title="Mare (folklore)">Mare (folklore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succubus" title="Succubus">Succubus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drude&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manfred Lurker. <i>A Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses, Devils and Demons</i>, Routledge, 1987, 53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kluge, F. <i>Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache</i>, Berlin 1989</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Kaspar_von_Stieler" title="Kaspar von Stieler">Kaspar von Stieler</a> (1691) records <i>drutenfuß, alpfuß</i>, and also <i>druidenfuß</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grimm, <i><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_W%C3%B6rterbuch" title="Deutsches Wörterbuch">Deutsches Wörterbuch</a></i>, s.v. "Drudenfuß".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/7-surprising-facts-about-mistletoe/">"7 surprising facts about mistletoe"</a>. <i>www.cbsnews.com</i>. 25 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.cbsnews.com&amp;rft.atitle=7+surprising+facts+about+mistletoe&amp;rft.date=2014-12-25&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2F7-surprising-facts-about-mistletoe%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrude" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedrich Panzer, <i>Bayerische sagen und Bräuche </i> vol. 2 (1855), 164. 429,</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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godmother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy-lock" title="Fairy-lock">Fairy-lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_painting" title="Fairy painting">Fairy painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_riding" title="Fairy riding">Fairy riding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fairy_tales" title="List of fairy tales">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_Tale_(color)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy Tale (color)">Fairy Tale (color)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiar" title="Familiar">Familiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_loci" title="Genius loci">Genius loci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_deity" title="Household deity">Household deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungry_grass" title="Hungry grass">Hungry grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ifrit" title="Ifrit">Ifrit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peri" class="mw-redirect" title="Peri">Peri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature spirit">Nature spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutelary_deity" title="Tutelary deity">Tutelary deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_spirit" title="Water spirit">Water spirit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F2C1D1;;width:1%;background: #F2C1D1;">Abodes and structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_fort" title="Fairy fort">Fairy fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairyland" title="Fairyland">Fairyland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_path" title="Fairy path">Fairy path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_ring" title="Fairy ring">Fairy ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FADBEB;;background: #F8D2E2;"><div id="Attested_fairies31" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Attested fairies</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">A–E</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhene" title="Adhene">Adhene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aibell" title="Aibell">Aibell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alp-luachra" class="mw-redirect" title="Alp-luachra">Alp Luachra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjana_(Cantabrian_mythology)" title="Anjana (Cantabrian mythology)">Anjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aos_S%C3%AD" title="Aos Sí">Aos Sí (Aes Sídhe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkan_Sonney" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkan Sonney">Arkan Sonney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asrai" title="Asrai">Asrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baobhan_sith" title="Baobhan sith">Baobhan sith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banshee" title="Banshee">Banshee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barghest" title="Barghest">Barghest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bean_nighe" class="mw-redirect" title="Bean nighe">Bean nighe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Blind" title="Billy Blind">Billy Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir%C3%B3g" title="Biróg">Biróg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Bones" title="Bloody Bones">Bloody Bones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluecap" title="Bluecap">Bluecap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_men_of_the_Minch" title="Blue men of the Minch">Blue men of the Minch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodach" title="Bodach">Bodach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boggart" title="Boggart">Boggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogle" title="Bogle">Bogle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boobrie" title="Boobrie">Boobrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brag_(folklore)" title="Brag (folklore)">Brag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownie_(folklore)" title="Brownie (folklore)">Brownie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Man_of_the_Muirs" title="Brown Man of the Muirs">Brown Man of the Muirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucca_(mythological_creature)" title="Bucca (mythological creature)">Bucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buggane" title="Buggane">Buggane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugbear" title="Bugbear">Bugbear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugul_Noz" title="Bugul Noz">Bugul Noz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caoineag" title="Caoineag">Caoineag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_s%C3%ACth" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat sìth">Cat sìth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B9_S%C3%ACth" class="mw-redirect" title="Cù Sìth">Cù Sìth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceffyl_D%C5%B5r" title="Ceffyl Dŵr">Ceffyl Dŵr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%ADodhna" title="Clíodhna">Clíodhna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clurichaun" title="Clurichaun">Clurichaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coblynau" class="mw-redirect" title="Coblynau">Coblynau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colt_pixie" title="Colt pixie">Colt pixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyhyraeth" title="Cyhyraeth">Cyhyraeth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Drude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duende_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Duende (mythology)">Duende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simonside_Dwarfs" title="Simonside Dwarfs">Duergar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dullahan" title="Dullahan">Dullahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunnie" title="Dunnie">Dunnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Each-uisge" title="Each-uisge">Each-uisge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elf" title="Elf">Elf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alp_(folklore)" title="Alp (folklore)">Alp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6kk%C3%A1lfar_and_Lj%C3%B3s%C3%A1lfar" title="Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar">Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegast" title="Elegast">Elegast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlking" title="Erlking">Erlking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulduf%C3%B3lk" title="Huldufólk">Huldufólk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Elphame" title="Queen of Elphame">Queen of Elphame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svart%C3%A1lfar" title="Svartálfar">Svartálfar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">F–L</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fachan" title="Fachan">Fachan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_Queen" title="Fairy Queen">Fairy Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_darrig" title="Far darrig">Fear dearg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fear_gorta" title="Fear gorta">Fear gorta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenodyree" title="Fenodyree">Fenodyree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finfolk" title="Finfolk">Finfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finvarra" title="Finvarra">Finvarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuath" title="Fuath">Fuath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gancanagh" title="Gancanagh">Gancanagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghillie_Dhu" title="Ghillie Dhu">Ghillie Dhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaistig" title="Glaistig">Glaistig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glashtyn" title="Glashtyn">Glashtyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groac%27h" title="Groac&#39;h">Groac'h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindylow" title="Grindylow">Grindylow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwragedd_Annwn" title="Gwragedd Annwn">Gwragedd Annwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyllion" title="Gwyllion">Gwyllion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyn_ap_Nudd" title="Gwyn ap Nudd">Gwyn ap Nudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habetrot" title="Habetrot">Habetrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hag" title="Hag">Hag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haltija" title="Haltija">Haltija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hedley_Kow" title="The Hedley Kow">The Hedley Kow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinzelm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Heinzelmännchen">Heinzelmännchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinzelmann" title="Hinzelmann">Hinzelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hob_(folklore)" title="Hob (folklore)">Hob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobbididance" title="Hobbididance">Hobbididance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobgoblin" title="Hobgoblin">Hobgoblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6dekin" title="Hödekin">Hödekin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iannic-ann-%C3%B4d" title="Iannic-ann-ôd">Iannic-ann-ôd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack-o%27-lantern" title="Jack-o&#39;-lantern">Jack-o'-lantern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_o%27_the_bowl" title="Jack o&#39; the bowl">Jack o' the bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Greenteeth" title="Jenny Greenteeth">Jenny Greenteeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_the_Wad" title="Joan the Wad">Joan the Wad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint-eater" title="Joint-eater">Joint-eater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelpie" title="Kelpie">Kelpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilmoulis" title="Kilmoulis">Kilmoulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knocker_(folklore)" title="Knocker (folklore)">Knocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knucker" title="Knucker">Knucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobold" title="Kobold">Kobold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klabautermann" title="Klabautermann">Klabautermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korrigan" title="Korrigan">Korrigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_of_the_Lake" title="Lady of the Lake">Lady of the Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazy_Laurence" title="Lazy Laurence">Lazy Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leanan_s%C3%ADdhe" title="Leanan sídhe">Leanan sídhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprechaun" title="Leprechaun">Leprechaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubber_fiend" title="Lubber fiend">Lubber fiend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutin" title="Lutin">Lutin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ly_Erg" title="Ly Erg">Ly Erg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">M–Z</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mare_(folklore)" title="Mare (folklore)">Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_the_fairy" title="Margot the fairy">Margot the fairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggy_Moulach" title="Maggy Moulach">Meg Mullach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melusine" title="Melusine">Melusine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrow" title="Merrow">Merrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mooinjer_veggey" title="Mooinjer veggey">Mooinjer veggey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgen_(mythological_creature)" title="Morgen (mythological creature)">Morgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morvarc%27h" title="Morvarc&#39;h">Morvarc'h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moss_people" title="Moss people">Moss people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nain_Rouge" title="Nain Rouge">Nain Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelly_Longarms" title="Nelly Longarms">Nelly Longarms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicnevin" title="Nicnevin">Nicnevin/Gyre-Carling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisse_(folklore)" title="Nisse (folklore)">Nisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixie_(folklore)" title="Nixie (folklore)">Nixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee">Nuckelavee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuggle" title="Nuggle">Nuggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberon" title="Oberon">Oberon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peg_Powler" title="Peg Powler">Peg Powler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillywiggin" title="Pillywiggin">Pillywiggin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixie" title="Pixie">Pixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BAca" title="Púca">Púca/Pwca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puck_(folklore)" title="Puck (folklore)">Puck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5" title="Rå">Rå</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bergsr%C3%A5" title="Bergsrå">Bergsrå</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulder" title="Hulder">Hulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radande" class="mw-redirect" title="Radande">Radande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6r%C3%A5" title="Sjörå">Sjörå</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skogsr%C3%A5" title="Skogsrå">Skogsrå</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redcap" title="Redcap">Redcap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrat" title="Schrat">Schrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebile" title="Sebile">Sebile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkie" title="Selkie">Selkie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seonaidh" title="Seonaidh">Seonaidh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shellycoat" title="Shellycoat">Shellycoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleih_beggey" title="Sleih beggey">Sleih beggey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sluagh" title="Sluagh">Sluagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spriggan" title="Spriggan">Spriggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprite_(folklore)" title="Sprite (folklore)">Sprite/Water sprite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylph" title="Sylph">Sylph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titania_(A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream)" title="Titania (A Midsummer Night&#39;s Dream)">Titania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomte" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomte">Tomte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_fairy" title="Tooth fairy">Tooth fairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trow_(folklore)" title="Trow (folklore)">Trow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tylwyth_Teg" title="Tylwyth Teg">Tylwyth Teg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undine" title="Undine">Undine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_bull" title="Water bull">Water bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_horse" title="Water horse">Water horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_fairy_(Sleeping_Beauty)" title="Wicked fairy (Sleeping Beauty)">Wicked fairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wight" title="Wight">Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will-o%27-the-wisp" title="Will-o&#39;-the-wisp">Will-o'-the-wisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wirry-cow" title="Wirry-cow">Wirry-cow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xana" title="Xana">Xana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yallery_Brown" title="Yallery Brown">Yallery Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan-gant-y-tan" title="Yan-gant-y-tan">Yan-gant-y-tan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FADBEB;;background: #F8D2E2;"><div id="Fairy-like_beings_worldwide67" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Fairy-like beings worldwide</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Worldwide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogeyman" title="Bogeyman">Bogeyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crone" title="Crone">Crone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanoid" title="Humanoid">Humanoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubus" title="Incubus">Incubus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Succubus" title="Succubus">Succubus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_people_(mythology)" title="Little people (mythology)">Little people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merfolk" title="Merfolk">Merfolk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mermaid" title="Mermaid">Mermaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merman" title="Merman">Merman</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abatwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Abatwa">Abatwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asanbosam" class="mw-redirect" title="Asanbosam">Asanbosam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aziza_(African_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aziza (African mythology)">Aziza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werehyena" title="Werehyena">Bultungin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eloko" title="Eloko">Eloko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jengu" title="Jengu">Jengu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishi_(folklore)" title="Kishi (folklore)">Kishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mami_Wata" title="Mami Wata">Mami Wata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obayifo" title="Obayifo">Obayifo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rompo" title="Rompo">Rompo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simbi" title="Simbi">Simbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikoloshe" class="mw-redirect" title="Tikoloshe">Tikoloshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yumboes" title="Yumboes">Yumboes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alux" title="Alux">Alux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchimayen" title="Anchimayen">Anchimayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caipora" title="Caipora">Caipora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canotila" title="Canotila">Canotila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaneque" title="Chaneque">Chaneque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_elf" title="Christmas elf">Christmas elf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chullachaqui" class="mw-redirect" title="Chullachaqui">Chullachaqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curupira" title="Curupira">Curupira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encantado_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encantado (mythology)">Encantado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fearsome_critters" title="Fearsome critters">Fearsome critters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_alien" title="Grey alien">Grey alien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly%E2%80%93Hopkinsville_encounter" title="Kelly–Hopkinsville encounter">Hopkinsville Goblins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_people_(mythology)#Native_American_folklore" title="Little people (mythology)">Ishigaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogah" title="Jogah">Jogah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men" title="Little green men">Little green men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muki_(mythology)" title="Muki (mythology)">Muki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimerigar" title="Nimerigar">Nimerigar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_alien" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordic alien">Nordic alien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BB%C3%B1n%C3%AB%27h%C3%AF" title="Nûñnë&#39;hï">Nûñnë'hï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pombero" title="Pombero">Pombero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pukwudgie" title="Pukwudgie">Pukwudgie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saci_(Brazilian_folklore)" title="Saci (Brazilian folklore)">Saci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trauco" title="Trauco">Trauco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_people_(mythology)#Native_American_folklore" title="Little people (mythology)">Yunwi Tsunsdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anito" title="Anito">Diwata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokkaebi" title="Dokkaebi">Dokkaebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallen_angel" title="Fallen angel">Fallen angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_spirit" title="Fox spirit">Fox spirit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_ly_tinh" title="Hồ ly tinh">Hồ ly tinh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huli_jing" class="mw-redirect" title="Huli jing">Huli jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huxian" title="Huxian">Huxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inari_%C5%8Ckami" title="Inari Ōkami">Inari Ōkami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitsune" title="Kitsune">Kitsune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumiho" title="Kumiho">Kumiho</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyang" title="Hyang">Hyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irshi" title="Irshi">Irshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kijimuna" title="Kijimuna">Kijimuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korpokkur" title="Korpokkur">Korpokkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazzikin" title="Mazzikin">Mazzikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogwai_(Chinese_culture)" title="Mogwai (Chinese culture)">Mogwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrenh_kongveal" title="Mrenh kongveal">Mrenh kongveal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_bunian" title="Orang bunian">Orang bunian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peri" class="mw-redirect" title="Peri">Peri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preta" title="Preta">Preta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungry_ghost" title="Hungry ghost">Hungry ghost</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennin" title="Tennin">Tennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaksha" title="Yaksha">Yaksha</a>/<a href="/wiki/Yakshini" title="Yakshini">Yakshini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dkai" title="Yōkai">Yōkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dsei" title="Yōsei">Yōsei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zashiki-warashi" title="Zashiki-warashi">Zashiki warashi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunyip" title="Bunyip">Bunyip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manaia_(mythological_creature)" title="Manaia (mythological creature)">Manaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menehune" title="Menehune">Menehune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_(folklore)" title="Mimi (folklore)">Mimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muldjewangk" title="Muldjewangk">Muldjewangk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawao" title="Nawao">Nawao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patupaiarehe" title="Patupaiarehe">Patupaiarehe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taniwha" title="Taniwha">Taniwha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipua" title="Tipua">Tipua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandjina" title="Wandjina">Wandjina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yara-ma-yha-who" title="Yara-ma-yha-who">Yara-ma-yha-who</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bannik" title="Bannik">Bannik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83pc%C4%83un" title="Căpcăun">Căpcăun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domovoy" title="Domovoy">Domovoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iele" title="Iele">Iele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karze%C5%82ek" title="Karzełek">Karzełek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikimora" title="Kikimora">Kikimora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leshy" title="Leshy">Leshy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lid%C3%A9rc" title="Lidérc">Lidérc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Likho" title="Likho">Likho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovinnik" title="Ovinnik">Ovinnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polevik" title="Polevik">Polevik</a></li> <li>Psotnik</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusalka" title="Rusalka">Rusalka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A2nzian%C4%83" title="Sânziană">Sânziană</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiridu%C8%99" title="Spiriduș">Spiriduș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursitory" title="Ursitory">Ursitory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadleany" class="mw-redirect" title="Vadleany">Vadleany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A2lv%C4%83" title="Vâlvă">Vâlvă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A2ntoase" title="Vântoase">Vântoase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodyanoy" title="Vodyanoy">Vodyanoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Zână">Zână</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aitvaras" title="Aitvaras">Aitvaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajatar" title="Ajatar">Ajatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badb" title="Badb">Badb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_dog_(folklore)" title="Black dog (folklore)">Black dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabija" title="Gabija">Gabija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gremlin" title="Gremlin">Gremlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haltija" title="Haltija">Haltija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headless_Horseman" title="Headless Horseman">Headless Horseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiisi" title="Hiisi">Hiisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Frost" title="Jack Frost">Jack Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Squarefoot" title="Jimmy Squarefoot">Jimmy Squarefoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauma" title="Lauma">Lauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennink%C3%A4inen" title="Menninkäinen">Menninkäinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Le_Fay" class="mw-redirect" title="Morgan Le Fay">Morgan Le Fay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictish_Beast" title="Pictish Beast">Pictish Beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troll" title="Troll">Troll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé Danann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basajaun" title="Basajaun">Basajaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cercopes" title="Cercopes">Cercopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donas_de_fuera" class="mw-redirect" title="Donas de fuera">Doñas de fuera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farfadet" title="Farfadet">Farfadet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faun" title="Faun">Faun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallikantzaros" title="Kallikantzaros">Kallikantzaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobalos" title="Kobalos">Kobalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia_(Basque_mythology)" title="Lamia (Basque mythology)">Lamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mairu" title="Mairu">Mairu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouros" title="Mouros">Mouro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enchanted_Moura" title="Enchanted Moura">Enchanted Moura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nymph#List" title="Nymph">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squasc" title="Squasc">Squasc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiasus" title="Thiasus">Thiasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenti" title="Trenti">Trenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vila_(fairy)" title="Vila (fairy)">Vila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dames_blanches" title="Dames blanches">Dames blanches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusios" title="Dusios">Dusios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_(folklore)" title="Dwarf (folklore)">Dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imp" title="Imp">Imp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorelei#Original_folklore_and_modern_myth" title="Lorelei">Lorelei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perchta" title="Perchta">Perchta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venusberg_(mythology)" title="Venusberg (mythology)">Venus in German legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittra_(folklore)" title="Vittra (folklore)">Vittra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witte_Wieven" title="Witte Wieven">Witte Wieven</a>/<a href="/wiki/Wei%C3%9Fe_Frauen" title="Weiße Frauen">Weiße Frauen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Cross-regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_gift-bringer" title="Christmas gift-bringer">Christmas gift-bringer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus" title="Santa Claus">Santa Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_Saint_Nicholas" title="Companions of Saint Nicholas">Companions of</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elemental" title="Elemental">Elemental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fates" title="Fates">Fates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goblin" title="Goblin">Goblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnome" title="Gnome">Gnome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_salamanders" title="Cultural depictions of salamanders">Salamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandman" title="Sandman">Sandman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_man" title="Wild man">Wild man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hybrid_creatures_in_folklore" title="List of hybrid creatures in folklore">List of hybrid creatures in folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beings_referred_to_as_fairies" title="List of beings referred to as fairies">List of beings referred to as fairies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F2C1D1;"><div> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fairies" title="Category:Fairies">Category</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="German_folklore180" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:German_folklore" title="Template:German folklore"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:German_folklore&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:German folklore (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:German_folklore" title="Special:EditPage/Template:German folklore"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="German_folklore180" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/German_folklore" title="German folklore">German folklore</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Folklore of <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_territories_where_German_is_an_official_language" title="List of countries and territories where German is an official language">German-speaking countries</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alberich" title="Alberich">Alberich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alp_(folklore)" title="Alp (folklore)">Alp (folklore)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Askafroa" title="Askafroa">Askafroa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aufhocker" title="Aufhocker">Aufhocker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahkauv" title="Bahkauv">Bahkauv</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Beerwolf" title="Beerwolf">Beerwolf</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belsnickel" title="Belsnickel">Belsnickel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bergm%C3%B6nch" title="Bergmönch">Bergmönch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bieresel" title="Bieresel">Bieresel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bogeyman" title="Bogeyman">Bogeyman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buschgro%C3%9Fmutter" title="Buschgroßmutter">Buschgroßmutter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Changeling" title="Changeling">Changeling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christkind" title="Christkind">Christkind</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_Saint_Nicholas" title="Companions of Saint Nicholas">Companions of Saint Nicholas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doppelg%C3%A4nger" title="Doppelgänger">Doppelgänger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Drak_(mythology)" title="Drak (mythology)">Drak (mythology)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Drude</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_(folklore)" title="Dwarf (folklore)">Dwarf (folklore)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Easter_Bunny" title="Easter Bunny">Easter Bunny</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ekke_Nekkepenn" title="Ekke Nekkepenn">Ekke Nekkepenn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elwetritsch" title="Elwetritsch">Elwetritsch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Erdhenne" title="Erdhenne">Erdhenne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Erlking" title="Erlking">Erlking</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ewiger_J%C3%A4ger" title="Ewiger Jäger">Ewiger Jäger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4nggen" title="Fänggen">Fänggen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fasolt" title="Fasolt">Fasolt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feuermann_(ghost)" title="Feuermann (ghost)">Feuermann (ghost)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feldgeister" title="Feldgeister">Feldgeister</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frau_Holle" title="Frau Holle">Frau Holle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCtel" title="Gütel">Gütel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heimchen" title="Heimchen">Heimchen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heinzelm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Heinzelmännchen">Heinzelmännchen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hemann" title="Hemann">Hemann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hinzelmann" title="Hinzelmann">Hinzelmann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6dekin" title="Hödekin">Hödekin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irrwurz" title="Irrwurz">Irrwurz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_o%27_the_bowl" title="Jack o&#39; the bowl">Jack o' the bowl</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Klabautermann" title="Klabautermann">Klabautermann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Klagmuhme" title="Klagmuhme">Klagmuhme</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/King_Goldemar" title="King Goldemar">King Goldemar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/King_Laurin" title="King Laurin">King Laurin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Knecht_Ruprecht" title="Knecht Ruprecht">Knecht Ruprecht</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kobold" title="Kobold">Kobold</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Krampus" title="Krampus">Krampus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lindworm" title="Lindworm">Lindworm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lorelei" title="Lorelei">Lorelei</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lutzelfrau" title="Lutzelfrau">Lutzelfrau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mare_(folklore)" title="Mare (folklore)">Mare (folklore)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mephistopheles" title="Mephistopheles">Mephistopheles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moss_people" title="Moss people">Moss people</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nachtkrapp" title="Nachtkrapp">Nachtkrapp</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nachzehrer" title="Nachzehrer">Nachzehrer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nis_Puk" title="Nis Puk">Nis Puk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nixie_(folklore)" title="Nixie (folklore)">Nixie (folklore)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ork_(folklore)" title="Ork (folklore)">Ork (folklore)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Perchta" title="Perchta">Perchta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peterm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Petermännchen">Petermännchen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poltergeist" title="Poltergeist">Poltergeist</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rasselbock" title="Rasselbock">Rasselbock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rhinemaidens" title="Rhinemaidens">Rhinemaidens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCbezahl" title="Rübezahl">Rübezahl</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus" title="Santa Claus">Santa Claus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Schrat" title="Schrat">Schrat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tatzelwurm" title="Tatzelwurm">Tatzelwurm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrst" title="Türst">Türst</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uhaml" title="Uhaml">Uhaml</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wei%C3%9Fe_Frauen" title="Weiße Frauen">Weiße Frauen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wiederg%C3%A4nger" title="Wiedergänger">Wiedergänger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wild_Hunt" title="Wild Hunt">Wild Hunt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wild_man" title="Wild man">Wild man</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Will-o%27-the-wisp" title="Will-o&#39;-the-wisp">Will-o'-the-wisp</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Witte_Wiwer" title="Witte Wiwer">Witte Wiwer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wolpertinger" title="Wolpertinger">Wolpertinger</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Gessler" title="Albrecht Gessler">Albrecht Gessler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arnold_von_Winkelried" title="Arnold von Winkelried">Arnold von Winkelried</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Attila</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Baron_Munchausen" title="Baron Munchausen">Baron Munchausen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brunhild" title="Brunhild">Brunhild</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christman_Genipperteinga" title="Christman Genipperteinga">Christman Genipperteinga</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_von_Bern" title="Dietrich von Bern">Dietrich von Bern</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eppelein_von_Gailingen" title="Eppelein von Gailingen">Eppelein von Gailingen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Faust" title="Faust">Faust</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Barbarossa" title="Frederick Barbarossa">Frederick Barbarossa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Friar_Rush" title="Friar Rush">Friar Rush</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Genevieve_of_Brabant" title="Genevieve of Brabant">Genevieve of Brabant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Giselher_of_Burgundy" title="Giselher of Burgundy">Giselher of Burgundy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tz_von_Berlichingen" title="Götz von Berlichingen">Götz von Berlichingen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gunther" title="Gunther">Gunther</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gudrun" title="Gudrun">Gudrun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gundomar_I" title="Gundomar I">Gundomar I</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hagen_(legend)" title="Hagen (legend)">Hagen (legend)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hannikel" title="Hannikel">Hannikel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Sagan" title="Hans von Sagan">Hans von Sagan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Trotha" title="Hans von Trotha">Hans von Trotha</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Winkelried" title="Heinrich von Winkelried">Heinrich von Winkelried</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hildebrand" title="Hildebrand">Hildebrand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johann_Peter_Petri" title="Johann Peter Petri">Johann Peter Petri (Black Peter)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_St%C3%B6rtebeker" title="Klaus Störtebeker">Klaus Störtebeker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Swan" title="Knight of the Swan">Knight of the Swan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Baumgarten" title="Konrad Baumgarten">Konrad Baumgarten</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kunigunde_von_Orlam%C3%BCnde" title="Kunigunde von Orlamünde">Kunigunde von Orlamünde</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lohengrin" title="Lohengrin">Lohengrin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Klostermayr" title="Matthias Klostermayr">Matthias Klostermayr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nibelung" title="Nibelung">Nibelung</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ortnit" title="Ortnit">Ortnit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Otto_the_Younger" title="Otto the Younger">Otto the Younger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Klaus" title="Peter Klaus">Peter Klaus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Nikoll" title="Peter Nikoll">Peter Nikoll (Black Peter)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pied_Piper_of_Hamelin" title="Pied Piper of Hamelin">Pied Piper of Hamelin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Princess_Ilse" title="Princess Ilse">Princess Ilse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Punker_of_Rohrbach" title="Punker of Rohrbach">Punker of Rohrbach</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_von_Bechelaren" title="Rüdiger von Bechelaren">Rüdiger von Bechelaren</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Schildb%C3%BCrger" title="Schildbürger">Schildbürger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Schinderhannes" title="Schinderhannes">Schinderhannes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sigurd" title="Sigurd">Sigurd</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stauffacherin" title="Stauffacherin">Stauffacherin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tannh%C3%A4user" title="Tannhäuser">Tannhäuser</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Smith_of_Kochel" title="The Smith of Kochel">The Smith of Kochel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Till_Eulenspiegel" title="Till Eulenspiegel">Till Eulenspiegel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Volker_von_Alzey" title="Volker von Alzey">Volker von Alzey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walram_of_Thierstein" title="Walram of Thierstein">Walram of Thierstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_of_Aquitaine" title="Walter of Aquitaine">Walter of Aquitaine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Werner_Stauffacher" title="Werner Stauffacher">Werner Stauffacher</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Tell" title="William Tell">William Tell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Witege" title="Witege">Witege</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wolfdietrich" title="Wolfdietrich">Wolfdietrich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Xaver_Hohenleiter" title="Xaver Hohenleiter">Xaver Hohenleiter</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legends and fairy tales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms&#39; Fairy Tales">Grimms' Fairy Tales</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Sagen" title="Deutsche Sagen">Deutsche Sagen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Volksm%C3%A4rchen_der_Deutschen" title="Volksmärchen der Deutschen">Volksmärchen der Deutschen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gespensterbuch" title="Gespensterbuch">Gespensterbuch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nibelungenlied" title="Nibelungenlied">Nibelungenlied</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Freisch%C3%BCtz" title="Freischütz">Freischütz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hirschsprung_(Black_Forest)" title="Hirschsprung (Black Forest)">Hirschsprung (Black Forest)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Venusberg_(mythology)" title="Venusberg (mythology)">Venusberg (mythology)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vineta" title="Vineta">Vineta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walpurgis_Night" title="Walpurgis Night">Walpurgis Night</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_folklore" title="German folklore">German folklore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Swiss_folklore" title="Swiss folklore">Swiss folklore</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Magic_and_witchcraft160" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Witchcraft" title="Template:Witchcraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Witchcraft" title="Template talk:Witchcraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Witchcraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Witchcraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Magic_and_witchcraft160" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">Magic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">witchcraft</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_Africa" title="Witchcraft in Africa">Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azande_witchcraft" title="Azande witchcraft">Azande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_Ghana" title="Witchcraft in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_smeller" title="Witch smeller">Witch smeller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_witchcraft" title="Asian witchcraft">Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_the_Philippines" title="Witchcraft in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_witchcraft" title="European witchcraft">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_Italy" title="Witchcraft in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akelarre" title="Akelarre">Akelarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benandanti" title="Benandanti">Benandanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunning_folk" title="Cunning folk">Cunning folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_the_Greco-Roman_world" title="Magic in the Greco-Roman world">Greece and Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sei%C3%B0r" title="Seiðr">Seiðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seeress_(Germanic)" title="Seeress (Germanic)">Völva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch-cult_hypothesis" title="Witch-cult hypothesis">Witch-cult hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_Anglo-Saxon_England" title="Witchcraft in Anglo-Saxon England">Anglo-Saxon England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_early_modern_Britain" title="Witchcraft in early modern Britain">Britain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_Latin_America" title="Witchcraft in Latin America">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_the_Middle_East" title="Witchcraft in the Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft#Oceania" title="Witchcraft">Oceania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81kutu" title="Mākutu">Mākutu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Form</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_magic" title="Chaos magic">Chaos magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">Goetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoodoo_(spirituality)" title="Hoodoo (spirituality)">Hoodoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_European_magic" title="Medieval European magic">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neopagan_witchcraft" title="Neopagan witchcraft">Neopagan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_magic" title="Renaissance magic">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitary_practitioner" title="Solitary practitioner">Solitary practitioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warlock" title="Warlock">Warlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_doctor" title="Witch doctor">Witch doctor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">Animism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotropaic_magic" title="Apotropaic magic">Apotropaic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_magic" title="Black magic">Black magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">Ceremonial magic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magical_formula" title="Magical formula">Magical formula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coven" title="Coven">Coven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse" title="Curse">Curse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anathema" title="Anathema">Anathema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damnation" title="Damnation">Damnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinx" title="Jinx">Jinx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">Demon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divination" title="Divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogen" title="Entheogen">Entheogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evocation" title="Evocation">Evocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiar" title="Familiar">Familiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_magic" title="Gray magic">Gray magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incantation" title="Incantation">Incantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_magic" title="Love magic">Love magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediumship" title="Mediumship">Mediumship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_magic" title="Moon magic">Moon magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">Occultism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">Shamanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_shamanism" title="Black shamanism">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_forms_of_shamanism" title="Regional forms of shamanism">Regional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_shamanism" title="Yellow shamanism">Yellow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigil" title="Sigil">Sigils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kardecist_spiritism" title="Kardecist spiritism">Spiritism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sympathetic_magic" title="Sympathetic magic">Sympathetic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witches%27_Sabbath" title="Witches&#39; Sabbath">Witches' Sabbath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_magic" title="White magic">White magic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amulet" title="Amulet">Amulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athame" title="Athame">Athame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broom" title="Broom">Broom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Besom" title="Besom">besom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censer" title="Censer">Censer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloak_of_invisibility" title="Cloak of invisibility">Cloak of invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_ball" title="Crystal ball">Crystal ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_ointment" title="Flying ointment">Flying ointment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goofer_dust" title="Goofer dust">Goofer dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimoire" title="Grimoire">Grimoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">Incense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julleuchter" title="Julleuchter">Julleuchter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_witch" title="Kitchen witch">Kitchen witch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_magic" title="Love magic">Love charm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_carpet" title="Magic carpet">Magic carpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_circle" title="Magic circle">Magic circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_ring" title="Magic ring">Magic ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_magical_weapons" title="List of magical weapons">Magical weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magic_sword" title="Magic sword">Magic sword</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojo_(African-American_culture)" title="Mojo (African-American culture)">Mojo bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkisi" title="Nkisi">Nkisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkondi" title="Nkondi">Nkondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poppet" title="Poppet">Poppet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potion" title="Potion">Potions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sator_Square" title="Sator Square">Sator Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talisman" title="Talisman">Talisman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wand" title="Wand">Wand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_ball" title="Witch ball">Witch ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch%27s_ladder" title="Witch&#39;s ladder">Witch's ladder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folklore and<br />mythology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agamede" title="Agamede">Agamede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aradia" title="Aradia">Aradia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Yaga" title="Baba Yaga">Baba Yaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayan_(witch)" title="Dayan (witch)">Dayan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Drude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbow_witch" title="Elbow witch">Elbow witch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huld" title="Huld">Huld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalku" title="Kalku">Kalku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_le_Fay" title="Morgan le Fay">Morgan le Fay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muma_P%C4%83durii" title="Muma Pădurii">Muma Pădurii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_sorceresses" title="Nine sorceresses">Nine sorceresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obayifo" title="Obayifo">Obayifo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebile" title="Sebile">Sebile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorginak" title="Sorginak">Sorginak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearfinger" title="Spearfinger">Spearfinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Witches" title="Three Witches">Three Witches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witches_of_Benevento" title="Witches of Benevento">Witches of Benevento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_of_Endor" title="Witch of Endor">Witch of Endor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major<br />historic treatises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_and_divination_in_the_Hebrew_Bible" title="Witchcraft and divination in the Hebrew Bible">Witchcraft and divination in the Old Testament</a> (8th–2nd centuries BC)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Directorium_Inquisitorum" title="Directorium Inquisitorum">Directorium Inquisitorum</a></i> (1376)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_maleficis_mulieribus" class="mw-redirect" title="De maleficis mulieribus">De maleficis mulieribus</a></i> (1440)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Formicarius" title="Formicarius">Formicarius</a></i> (1475)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summis_desiderantes_affectibus" title="Summis desiderantes affectibus">Summis desiderantes affectibus</a></i> (1484)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Malleus_Maleficarum" title="Malleus Maleficarum">Malleus Maleficarum</a></i> (1487)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Lamiis_et_Pythonicis_Mulieribus" class="mw-redirect" title="De Lamiis et Pythonicis Mulieribus">De Lamiis et Pythonicis Mulieribus</a></i> (1489)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laienspiegel" title="Laienspiegel">Laienspiegel</a></i> (1509)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_praestigiis_daemonum" title="De praestigiis daemonum">De praestigiis daemonum</a></i> (1563)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Discoverie_of_Witchcraft" title="The Discoverie of Witchcraft">The Discoverie of Witchcraft</a></i> (1584)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Newes_from_Scotland" title="Newes from Scotland">Newes from Scotland</a></i> (1591)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Dialogue_Concerning_Witches_and_Witchcrafts" title="A Dialogue Concerning Witches and Witchcrafts">A Dialogue Concerning Witches and Witchcrafts</a></i> (1593)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daemonolatreiae_libri_tres" title="Daemonolatreiae libri tres">Daemonolatreiae libri tres</a></i> (1595)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daemonologie" title="Daemonologie">Daemonologie</a></i> (1597)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magical_Investigations" class="mw-redirect" title="Magical Investigations">Magical Investigations</a></i> (1599)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Compendium_Maleficarum" title="Compendium Maleficarum">Compendium Maleficarum</a></i> (1608)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Guide_to_Grand-Jury_Men" title="A Guide to Grand-Jury Men">A Guide to Grand-Jury Men</a></i> (1627)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Discovery_of_Witches" class="mw-redirect" title="The Discovery of Witches">The Discovery of Witches</a></i> (1647)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_sur_les_apparitions_des_esprits_et_sur_les_vampires_ou_les_revenans_de_Hongrie,_de_Moravie,_%26c." title="Traité sur les apparitions des esprits et sur les vampires ou les revenans de Hongrie, de Moravie, &amp;c.">Treatise on the Apparitions of Spirits and on Vampires or Revenants</a></i> (1751)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persecution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_witch_hunts" title="Modern witch hunts">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamyi_Witch_hiring_controversy" title="Jamyi Witch hiring controversy">Jamyi Witch hiring controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_accusations_against_children" title="Witchcraft accusations against children">accusations against children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_hunts_in_India" title="Witch hunts in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_hunts_in_Nepal" title="Witch hunts in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_hunts_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Witch hunts in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_camp" title="Witch camp">Witch camp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_the_early_modern_period" title="Witch trials in the early modern period">Early Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Witch_Trials" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Witch Trials">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_New_York" title="Witch trials in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_witch_trials" title="Salem witch trials">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Virginia" title="Witch trials in Virginia">Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Hungary" title="Witch trials in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Moravia_witch_trials" title="Northern Moravia witch trials">Northern Moravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Poland" title="Witch trials in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Russia" title="Witch trials in Russia">Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Latvia_and_Estonia" title="Witch trials in Latvia and Estonia">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Denmark" title="Witch trials in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_England" title="Witch trials in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Finland" title="Witch trials in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Iceland" title="Witch trials in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Norway" title="Witch trials in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_early_modern_Scotland" title="Witch trials in early modern Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Sweden" title="Witch trials in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_France" title="Witch trials in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_witch_trials" title="Geneva witch trials">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Italy" title="Witch trials in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Spain" title="Witch trials in Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_witch_trials" title="Basque witch trials">Basque</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Witch trials in the Holy Roman Empire">Witch trials in the Holy Roman Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witch_hunt" title="Witch hunt">Witch hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch%27s_mark" title="Witch&#39;s mark">Witch's mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pricking" title="Pricking">Pricking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_for_witchcraft" title="List of people executed for witchcraft">List of people executed for witchcraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_fiction" title="Magic in fiction">Magic in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_witches" title="List of fictional witches">Witches in fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witch_(word)" title="Witch (word)">Witch (word)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_(archetype)" title="Witch (archetype)">Witch (archetype)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_magic" title="Christian views on magic">Christian views on magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_organization" title="Magical organization">Magical organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maleficium_(sorcery)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maleficium (sorcery)">Maleficium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-hand_path_and_right-hand_path" title="Left-hand path and right-hand path">Left-hand path and right-hand path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_interpretations_of_witch_trials_in_the_early_modern_period" title="Feminist interpretations of witch trials in the early modern period">Feminist interpretations of witch trials in the early modern period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">Folk religion</a></li> <li><a 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