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Lugha 100 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 100</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiese_chemie" title="Fisiese chemie – Kiafrikana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fisiese chemie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Kiafrikana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physikalische_Chemie" title="Physikalische Chemie – Kijerumani cha Uswisi" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Physikalische Chemie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani cha Uswisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimica_fisica" title="Quimica fisica – Kiaragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Quimica fisica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Kiaragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كيمياء فيزيائية – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيمياء فيزيائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisicoqu%C3%ADmica" title="Fisicoquímica – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fisicoquímica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiziki_kimya" title="Fiziki kimya – Kiazerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fiziki kimya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Kiazerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="شیمی‌فیزیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیمی‌فیزیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физик химия – Kibashkiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Физик химия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Kibashkiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimikang_pisikal" title="Kimikang pisikal – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kimikang pisikal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фізічная хімія – Kibelarusi" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фізічная хімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Kibelarusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фізычная хімія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фізычная хімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физикохимия – Kibulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Физикохимия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Kibulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="ভৌত রসায়ন – Kibengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভৌত রসায়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Kibengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizikalna_hemija" title="Fizikalna hemija – Kibosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fizikalna hemija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Kibosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica_f%C3%ADsica" title="Química física – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Química física" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کیمیای فیزیکی – Kikurdi cha Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کیمیای فیزیکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi cha Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzik%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_chemie" title="Fyzikální chemie – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fyzikální chemie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Физикăлла хими – Kichuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Физикăлла хими" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Kichuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemeg_ffisegol" title="Cemeg ffisegol – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cemeg ffisegol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysisk_kemi" title="Fysisk kemi – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fysisk kemi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physikalische_Chemie" title="Physikalische Chemie – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Physikalische Chemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Φυσικοχημεία – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φυσικοχημεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry" title="Physical chemistry – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Physical chemistry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika_kemio" title="Fizika kemio – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fizika kemio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisicoqu%C3%ADmica" title="Fisicoquímica – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fisicoquímica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BC%C3%BCsikaline_keemia" title="Füüsikaline keemia – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Füüsikaline keemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika_fisiko" title="Kimika fisiko – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kimika fisiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="شیمی‌فیزیک – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیمی‌فیزیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysikaalinen_kemia" title="Fysikaalinen kemia – Kifini" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fysikaalinen kemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Kifini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alisevnafr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Alisevnafrøði – Kifaroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Alisevnafrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Kifaroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie_physique" title="Chimie physique – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chimie physique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BCsikaalisk_chemii" title="Füsikaalisk chemii – Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Füsikaalisk chemii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimi_fizik" title="Chimi fizik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Chimi fizik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisicoqu%C3%ADmica" title="Fisicoquímica – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fisicoquímica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA" title="כימיה פיזיקלית – Kiebrania" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כימיה פיזיקלית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Kiebrania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="भौतिक रसायन – Kihindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भौतिक रसायन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Kihindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry" title="Physical chemistry – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Physical chemistry" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizikalna_kemija" title="Fizikalna kemija – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fizikalna kemija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizikai_k%C3%A9mia" title="Fizikai kémia – Kihungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fizikai kémia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Kihungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ֆիզիկական քիմիա – Kiarmenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆիզիկական քիմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Kiarmenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimia_physic" title="Chimia physic – Kiintalingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Chimia physic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Kiintalingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia_fisik" title="Kimia fisik – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kimia fisik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizikokemio" title="Fizikokemio – Kiido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fizikokemio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Kiido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%B0lisefnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Eðlisefnafræði – Kiisilandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Eðlisefnafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Kiisilandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica_fisica" title="Chimica fisica – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chimica fisica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学 – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="物理化学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფიზიკური ქიმია – Kijojia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფიზიკური ქიმია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Kijojia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физикалық химия – Kikazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Физикалық химия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kikazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%99%94%ED%95%99" title="물리화학 – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="물리화학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физикалык химия – Kikyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Физикалык химия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kikyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemia_physica" title="Chemia physica – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chemia physica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysiosjemie" title="Fysiosjemie – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Fysiosjemie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica_fisica" title="Chimica fisica – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Chimica fisica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizikin%C4%97_chemija" title="Fizikinė chemija – Kilithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fizikinė chemija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Kilithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik%C4%81l%C4%81_%C4%B7%C4%ABmija" title="Fizikālā ķīmija – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fizikālā ķīmija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Физичка хемија – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Физичка хемија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഭൗതികരസതന്ത്രം – Kimalayalamu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭൗതികരസതന്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Kimalayalamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Физикийн хими – Kimongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Физикийн хими" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Kimongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia_fizik" title="Kimia fizik – Kimalei" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kimia fizik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Kimalei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ရူပဓာတုဗေဒ – Kiburma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရူပဓာတုဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Kiburma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physikaalsche_Chemie" title="Physikaalsche Chemie – Kisaksoni" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Physikaalsche Chemie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Kisaksoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysische_chemie" title="Fysische chemie – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fysische chemie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysikalsk_kjemi" title="Fysikalsk kjemi – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fysikalsk kjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysikalsk_kjemi" title="Fysikalsk kjemi – Kinorwe cha Bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fysikalsk kjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimia_fisica" title="Quimia fisica – Kiokitani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Quimia fisica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Kiokitani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਭੌਤਿਕ ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Kipunjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭੌਤਿਕ ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Kipunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemia_fizyczna" title="Chemia fizyczna – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chemia fizyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="فزیکل کیمسٹری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فزیکل کیمسٹری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsico-qu%C3%ADmica" title="Físico-química – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Físico-química" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie_fizic%C4%83" title="Chimie fizică – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chimie fizică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физическая химия – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Физическая химия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ACmica_f%C3%ACsica" title="Chìmica fìsica – Kisicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chìmica fìsica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Kisicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry" title="Physical chemistry – Kiskoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Physical chemistry" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Kiskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B2%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%84_%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%BD%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="فزيڪل ڪيمسٽري – Kisindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="فزيڪل ڪيمسٽري" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Kisindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysik%C3%A1la_kemiija" title="Fysikála kemiija – Kisami cha Kaskazini" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Fysikála kemiija" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Kisami cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizi%C4%8Dka_hemija" title="Fizička hemija – Kiserbia-kroeshia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fizička hemija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia-kroeshia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%9E%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="භෞතික රසායන විද්‍යාව – Kisinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="භෞතික රසායන විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Kisinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry" title="Physical chemistry – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Physical chemistry" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzik%C3%A1lna_ch%C3%A9mia" title="Fyzikálna chémia – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fyzikálna chémia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizikalna_kemija" title="Fizikalna kemija – Kislovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fizikalna kemija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Kislovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia_fizike" title="Kimia fizike – Kialbania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kimia fizike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Kialbania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Физичка хемија – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Физичка хемија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia_fisik" title="Kimia fisik – Kisunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kimia fisik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Kisunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysikalisk_kemi" title="Fysikalisk kemi – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fysikalisk kemi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="இயற்பிய வேதியியல் – Kitamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இயற்பிய வேதியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Kitamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="เคมีเชิงฟิสิกส์ – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เคมีเชิงฟิสิกส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimikang_makapisika" title="Kimikang makapisika – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kimikang makapisika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiziksel_kimya" title="Fiziksel kimya – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fiziksel kimya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Фізична хімія – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фізична хімія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="طبیعی کیمیاء – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طبیعی کیمیاء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik_kimyo" title="Fizik kimyo – Kiuzbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fizik kimyo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Kiuzbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizine_himii" title="Fizine himii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Fizine himii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3a_l%C3%BD" title="Hóa lý – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hóa lý" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika_pisika" title="Kimika pisika – Kiwaray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kimika pisika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Kiwaray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学 – Kichina cha Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="物理化学" data-language-autonym="吴语" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Lomonosov_Chymiae_Physicae_1752.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Lomonosov_Chymiae_Physicae_1752.jpg/220px-Lomonosov_Chymiae_Physicae_1752.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Lomonosov_Chymiae_Physicae_1752.jpg/330px-Lomonosov_Chymiae_Physicae_1752.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Lomonosov_Chymiae_Physicae_1752.jpg/440px-Lomonosov_Chymiae_Physicae_1752.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2988" data-file-height="2256" /></a><figcaption>Maandishi ya M. Lomonosov's 'Physical Chemistry' (1752).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kemia ya fizikia</b> (kwa <a href="/wiki/Kiingereza" title="Kiingereza">Kiingereza</a>: <i>physical chemistry</i>) ni <a href="/wiki/Tawi" title="Tawi">tawi</a> la <a href="/wiki/Kemia" title="Kemia">kemia</a> ambalo linashughulikia kuchunguza <a href="/wiki/Tabia" title="Tabia">tabia</a> za <a href="/wiki/Fizikia" title="Fizikia">kifizikia</a> za <a href="/wiki/Dutu" title="Dutu">dutu</a>, k.mf. <a href="/wiki/Shinikizo" title="Shinikizo">shinikizo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ujazo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ujazo">ujazo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joto" title="Joto">joto</a> la <a href="/wiki/Gesi" title="Gesi">gesi</a> fulani. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Msamiati" title="Msamiati">Msamiati</a> "physical chemistry" ulitungwa na <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lomonosov" title="Mikhail Lomonosov">Mikhail Lomonosov</a> <a href="/wiki/Mwaka" title="Mwaka">mwaka</a> <a href="/wiki/1752" title="1752">1752</a>, alipotoa <a href="/wiki/Kozi" title="Kozi">kozi</a> iliyoitwa "A Course in True Physical Chemistry" (Russian: «Курс истинной физической химии») kwa <a href="/wiki/Wanafunzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanafunzi">wanafunzi</a> wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chuo_Kikuu_cha_Petersburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chuo Kikuu cha Petersburg (bado haujaandikwa)">Chuo Kikuu cha Petersburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanbihi">Tanbihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemia_ya_fizikia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Hariri sehemu: Tanbihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemia_ya_fizikia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tanbihi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1346650">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAlexander_Vucinich1963" class="citation book cs1">Alexander Vucinich (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YoE1wsA6USQC&pg=PA388"><i>Science in Russian culture</i></a>. Stanford University Press. uk. 388. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-8047-0738-3" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-8047-0738-3"><bdi>0-8047-0738-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+in+Russian+culture&rft.pages=388&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1963&rft.isbn=0-8047-0738-3&rft.au=Alexander+Vucinich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYoE1wsA6USQC%26pg%3DPA388&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AKemia+ya+fizikia" class="Z3988"></span> In the preamble to these lectures he gives the definition: "Physical chemistry is the science that must explain under provisions of physical experiments the reason for what is happening in complex bodies through chemical operations".</span> </li> </ol></div> <table style="font-size:90%; width: 65%; padding: 3px; margin: 0 auto;" class="toccolours"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Chem_template.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Chem_template.svg/30px-Chem_template.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Chem_template.svg/45px-Chem_template.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Chem_template.svg/60px-Chem_template.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td>Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya <a href="/wiki/Kemia" title="Kemia">kemia</a> bado ni <b>mbegu</b>. <br /> Je, unajua kitu kuhusu <b>Kemia ya fizikia</b> kama historia yake au mahusiano yake na mada nyingine? <br />Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? <br />Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa <a class="external text" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?stub&title=Kemia_ya_fizikia&action=edit">kuihariri na kuongeza habari</a><i>.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rudishwa kutoka "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kemia_ya_fizikia&oldid=1256465">https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kemia_ya_fizikia&oldid=1256465</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:Jamii" title="Maalum:Jamii">Jamii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:Pages using the JsonConfig extension (bado haujaandikwa)">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Mbegu_za_kemia" title="Jamii:Mbegu za kemia">Mbegu za kemia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Kemia" title="Jamii:Kemia">Kemia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ukurasa huu umebadilishwa kwa mara ya mwisho tarehe 4 Novemba 2022, saa 20:29.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maandishi yanapatikana chini ya leseni ya <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; matakwa mengine yanaweza kutakiwa. 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