CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9136adefef35fdc5',cH: '5AJlLiPibk5Ak1YRwYJdjOajibmFTeLEcRyYXPPOap4-1739804766-1.2.1.1-xhWemMckTfiPwfvv8OqJKIfmBl0GR_HLbLFGLx59yeFO7LO.B6kjeoezfT.r9p2G',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=land%20use%20change&page=290&__cf_chl_tk=d8Inh.jLVdUtLG8eMWMzrRzjK7ykWWVht2nfJAe9bOM-1739804766-1.0.1.1-Ee1Q86Z7MJKAzuCOCdqaOU1Cd7v7WETStlqECD4YoDU",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739804766',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=land%20use%20change&page=290&__cf_chl_f_tk=d8Inh.jLVdUtLG8eMWMzrRzjK7ykWWVht2nfJAe9bOM-1739804766-1.0.1.1-Ee1Q86Z7MJKAzuCOCdqaOU1Cd7v7WETStlqECD4YoDU",md: "kcMay.zcMqvOIG3qwwPvVF_45aS8aNKk1sekVSqQe8c-1739804766-1.2.1.1-ISWy01Jg4..fvVIzwBVFcHSV06dUKRRkks_2GrRWwmkbjX.ksS9Oi0ZqPsqr2D13r3NWVjRBpKaCyiLRRXGNEIa3LrHDC_2fhKpFlMq9kYrSe_quidkQ_t5ezT_mciQyhR28oxPQF3pyVtP0cSmeZ6a89qRx4LQQmdNy7Q83Z6QCOXrMSBSc2aOzNhKRSc0vgH7X9CROHaaOVNW0EdMLtnlZekFesKhacQCcuo5kVPGR9L4aNySs8n6xXclwREXaUzO8TF.LyKAqac0lHOdXc6SvmpTEKBUYlGQBh7150ZNmZwzdmeRKTu_d43kc7NmtATT.51aBmAIeX9hMHg3szgsvA7GL4RjErM8R9Tb5D83AVo2fLdnaEWAUxmZo_dQVoqF4zJ2fb6Xl36c8CxlzqsXyMe7..y_eEDOGxmIsMf2qvayTtFyENKyvpU9wfdX2.4lfCKCKWXCNnw2iYfLjftllvX37M8BI_og0_F9YswZVkf0LVEl2jGtmJIDg0A8M.V1QafoQtgNhKq1k1Wj1F049mqTe3AoTfJG7ZMe.BBwGBpWFTyaEF.ZHbh_bTd2nLuA71eP5HaRaOjuS9HXG1oNf8rQGkwb8kZk6KzV.90ztfIdFyGa4TcWMMOwQ9wofg6.npTKyseguS8suHoW4Quz1goBLTW6DSaYMTiER1_hXGZkMuaWoKWM5d4hqa5s0fYP0n1OHG8tmsM4kzOxMg4Tt3hnH5bggPACLlFmXH6F2L1hM0Fncklf7jyLhN0jhLUSf93hKgVo_NpI6qAZLS1_1bKq14gEMrXAWLTv0QEVRm2xH0Sz5GeCR4SUnM2uUvGe2tNGcRr5ol_gs3uSlRyZg43xoDG_i2Obw611T73xIQOtNuNETPNYTJYTmq7SnUxaH_5bLuMkX5MQKX.Otv4dy46pI5gsdlUKAtZOAuByb1ePTEV3IVdXZU8lXWOAoA9crRh4e0CLHpXzwWJhbh6BrrFK40l71crC9e..QOcmoNUvrPCnOLL9UHuAaxIlCoLomMHMB.3hOMlcoEMX0pkwvwD606aRPKI0jaPc4hQpZY.v1HsCCFw21aoRh4Imx7edPZnsX7QqTxyXWI3DPke_Ve79fm58xiXDSWgc8SsqDBggZ2HEPZKH8ewS2pZlgFS7.QRY2f6QHWax62.Os8Py7Pn78knK9LkTgJzcbY9xlgUnrmCh1gOD2f7iFWFDaa454kArTwQfMIOZMDN_Ajjlt0L3AlyQwVlboy7DX3f4AjL8eqO5tiPtuCQuZBTyCD1tNaWZw3RTzWlzWFZfMho8d_9COCF9RpmQCDlZrKe7SqSvqf.mxmX9asf2oPsWdTmSbpvbnzJ5mbwSI0QMycTgZS22XelPIU90AymBrdDQtQHp2kciDAU5hO.RZVYlYKBUNT9G6bKcty6fU4YWiMQr.Mk49B23h83KS0RI78e46puZQ6ujD2odkn3MMa4GTnv1M39rH6S0bhXYkJFAualTp2em7cV.5VH5PX41zQdZhuJtgWxgRo8wsxG_q5xo20kdPgktW6rZgJb.mKTDzskAx8VWR4QI05UxWbTVpEQlEaKSkyrc07EwjfWpmNQ.MHqHCAWLiJshigAV8Kwy7Kl9cYnsHsnwVdR7D7tWjxPbwr.KlWvDBXki0fnczzL00diBX9Bb3L5iFiHCAUkpooiJpxhnWHUPrM35e0upsBq_0JXXgdwKqyFdJNHN6hw6JQzWt4Zxbdd2yrNOwIm6Rrez8SrXqeEVjdoZgh9NuiNrGcdJGhhLRL.3IbK.Gze_FUGD2JQKKPqKrKoSNKbGdV34gqpxztEnnbnyJu0N1fU1hQ9czVlMJz49qWAKJZsTgs.DSMQac_0AQDcAoGW2EbtOW85sjRXI0wy.dOX609xsJYzQbsr.tkLMnaO.l8l8kS9.4g03oc4qzyrYi_VsTHwOiWDEsGXxcHJDeACyfAp5pUrk4BsMVXt3KGydwZb8t",mdrd: "OSgFK9mjs52TsJ4wgz_EUiM5zsb40HwkSf3dzZYZQLw-1739804766-1.2.1.1-OONFNm91Wi_zMMkD5x.bEaCYs2pYSvXk4vuqV01l5o1Pcp.QjijaFHVgr0Us6i25stafS5XhYVRL7IZEZ3YwyZoGpnk7uOuUQfrcAHeYAKJwx04SkRxuefpbvVcmDHRhOElr2ATeNsWIvASswS3MWhFtObP4nZRbdyeYnvlypKKKyW8nklq7_pYOaWOqCpHDNCEmaSJFNfCo1alN_zISMlQc95hodfIKJdXTeY.w4PGWv7y._Tq8aTnrwOfh5OnLZyd54N9BFXFCASXKJc9MvHQ1dHMln1Ueu0.3H78zhstbIvu9xu6R3hbxlbhpZaY3satTGVq3jOvs9daeCCEAgIuIQoJjlq4ILAgGmpga800VNsjaQCbBa5ECBBYfkebGNxIZ4ElHWkPxhcJahHb_8Nlsa5aGRokwKRURXvn31Xd.xte6AbVlUUDsx4YomrhYFqA0tKM9g1cVnDUFGtDvbZQTENOjU78lAPpULrxRRCfVyfg7SALBons104_5RsICdWFNaVi6WL4Iyt6kIG7cl1v6BNxQ48gK5qs7cSwxGw0MxXw1_xsO6Y0eOUmWCL1LzaZ3d6mOQwiFihO6oWGUe7tpi.KzfsvohkMU1C5Xi5qJa48PnfoLOWN7mmO7PcliKrR3QO8H6qypbvczSoUB7o7tWaPhxfu7xtFsJqX6DctlT_1TuXXPzVemTKEWCTKZF77Bl9gsQbZ4Io6SE9Nuz91I.uOVx63qCuRHSGumtW1xPUdpENcpT7jpyMhUySowhvhPnZaxkwEaSzDV2uNIJFNIklp4XSw5On6nA7gHAy33e6WCIr_wmjQhxZgYKf7AEydnq_zc94VcVoDtkwJpH9FOuGGwKQX_IgNzAlBQHOkKezmR7hFwYpO84k_U.1QNun7hJX9djZSEfehjPM1IDaC.6dm7nFsNCv5.x5nMtHXAhvgPVa2RkA_B4QSXUXqJRkkiLAa69nsDyOZv4i.FHaGkYE5eB5rVlV9MkJWBaj_TZFs5_tMd0jHole8K6OdtyTMEoUxZOH3fMSHsK64HW2JZ_D.R9K1NuYm3Fh1Q5xRwYeaX_fHJ5kzVsdK0M_sAI740eL8NwJ27kWdRpFZhGImkzV8nBZi9D3wbAgdmJP5dfk41UpjoIIQoaukx2jdM1VVqdWQXHn9oAWS0LYUMAFM2xrxlw1v.dUQlbf3yBbgWUAV.ai_47ADoeKjEf60Mk29NfiwoI5yONJzMp.0Jh1Z1vwfCzxjINAJwSYykD2RsajYc.utr5MtroQTXt.Kv3vZI4r4PTEhS7uuyNk0g6j.7y5kJ.KcF449iqzmA1rp0vmD4Hpl7.KoGqlrq7N9B8Wg4.3i94U.a9QQwJNcX8wBLU2N7eKBl4zr25Ng4Az24rj9oUugr0ohDgV6X0y0k6vatQMriuOqJ0pM3IMyOs.jjZs4Y9ZQkgHeLn4iSlW4tXQ2v1qBkL13d_DXrDWDEYfypMXOcjne6I3AILT2j0SSabMi03GhSAkaol6DIAAjrftw0oH1GZJ0Ns6cct3NO05p.7r2fWeqb3uCre1VqCBgHeWbO7MFxc5OXpGg0BsV_om4n7_GOU6rEQtY_fAMXV5GFqoxw04iJC6hCZ_Pn.E3FY.2pjKNQbFPiN0VSGMtG8UI2EN0SySjXz.phu49n_hagAB4Z5UdGKMlpiuPOgfXcCgQ2S9ajCQ4gvC_S1Qxy0t6RH2KCMtXOAfVWRpVg_nficGb60pNnm_HmSdUvhSVtUsVNRk75POsPZgJCbNleC11GUeEl.OihSeTB.eAhq9NkMp4C6ZqatTpn0CUxjBhEaTrqfTKCklShSOep0K_8O5UlV8IGHV57ebkd4jh6RkIGghWQuwKTcCVR3Rd_zHFmp_BAGZa9VOc1B4XjJqnevytlD5wHQCYdsjKMoY2IieurBcubOkuaEsPnjgfvRuY33nby0zbfspAvBuNxQ1HlI65mSbjx4oES4Je2pfZ5"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9136adefef35fdc5';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=land%20use%20change&page=290&__cf_chl_rt_tk=d8Inh.jLVdUtLG8eMWMzrRzjK7ykWWVht2nfJAe9bOM-1739804766-1.0.1.1-Ee1Q86Z7MJKAzuCOCdqaOU1Cd7v7WETStlqECD4YoDU" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>