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crossorigin="anonymous">{"props":{"pageProps":{"locale":"en","layoutData":{"sitecore":{"context":{"pageEditing":false,"site":{"name":"catalog"},"pageState":"normal","language":"en","itemPath":"/en/news-blogs-and-articles/Blogs/2022/06/24/Water-Mist-Systems-Overview","hreflangs":{"en":"/news-blogs-and-articles/blogs/2022/06/24/water-mist-systems-overview","canonical":"/news-blogs-and-articles/blogs/2022/06/24/water-mist-systems-overview","es":"/es/news-blogs-and-articles/blogs/2022/06/24/descripción-general-de-sistemas-de-agua-nebulizada"},"updatedDate":"2023-11-01T15:09:32Z","createdDate":"2022-06-24T14:46:40Z","itemURI":"/sitecore/content/Storefront/Catalog/home/news blogs and articles/Blogs/2022/06/24/Water Mist Systems Overview","progressiveProfileCutOffDate":"2023-11-05"},"route":{"name":"Water Mist Systems Overview","displayName":"Water Mist Systems Overview","fields":{"PublicationCategory":{"value":""},"PublicationAuthor":{"id":"9ae2d621-427a-41b7-9771-4a04416985e6","url":"/en/Data/Authors/b/Brian-oconnor","name":"Brian oconnor","displayName":"Brian oconnor","fields":{"AuthorReadMoreLinkLabel":{"value":""},"AuthorSummary":{"value":"Technical Services Engineer, NFPA"},"AuthorEmail":{"value":"boconnor@nfpa.org"},"AuthorName":{"value":"Brian O'Connor"},"AuthorJobTitle":{"value":""},"AuthorImage":{"value":{"src":"/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Authors/Brian-OConnor/BrianOConnor.jpg?h=200\u0026iar=0\u0026w=200\u0026rev=6ae3be7cf091463f8f99b3949340c487\u0026hash=F428C5BAF6D62CE0073A4B7BF792BF98","width":"200","height":"200"}},"AuthorReadMoreLinkTarget":null,"Import ID":{"value":"{9AE2D621-427A-41B7-9771-4A04416985E6}"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},"PublicationDate":{"value":"2022-06-24T14:46:40Z"},"PublicationMainImage":{"value":{"src":"/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Blog-Post-Attachments/NFPA-Today/Sprinkler-pipe-copy.jpg?h=400\u0026iar=0\u0026w=800\u0026rev=700d55bc99394ea59c1b189cb76d4de2\u0026hash=3367FE24E88DB50BFE17FA94EC87AC40","width":"800","height":"400"}},"PublicationLegacyID":{"value":"{CEC5F490-D65E-40A8-90DC-E96BEF3F7D78}"},"HideForRSS":{"value":false},"Breadcrumb Custom Link":{"value":{"href":""}},"Show breadcrumb on this page":{"value":true},"Do not show this page on breadcrumb of other pages":{"value":false},"Page Design":null,"Import ID":{"value":"{CEC5F490-D65E-40A8-90DC-E96BEF3F7D78}"},"Secured":{"value":false},"Require Member Access":{"value":false},"Require No Membership":{"value":false},"Title":{"value":"Water Mist Systems Overview"},"Content":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWater mist systems are fire suppression systems that use very small water droplets to extinguish or control fires. These droplets are effective at controlling fires while using less water and having smaller piping than a standard sprinkler system due to the increased cooling effects, oxygen displacement and pre-wetting that the droplet size and distribution provide. Some additional benefits of water mist fire protection systems include reduced water damage and low environmental impact, while one of the trade offs include higher system pressure. This blog will review some of the basics about these systems to help add these systems as an option in your fire protection design portfolio.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Blog-Post-Attachments/NFPA-Today/Droplet-size.png?h=338\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;rev=3a30803606534ef3a949f89237c8f9de\u0026amp;hash=B3BF2902173EFBEA01AE9EE5DBC1DF9C\" style=\"height:338px; width:600px;\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe droplet size for water mist systems can vary between 1000 microns and 10 microns. This small droplet size decreases the required application rate, enhances evaporation, and helps reduce oxygen levels to extinguish visible and hidden fires.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWater mist systems have been used for specific applications (such as maritime) for a long time but starting in the mid-1990\u0026rsquo;s advancement in the use of water mist systems was propelled by the phasing out of halon and their use as a fire safety system for spaces where the amount of water that can be stored or discharged is limited. In addition, there is a long list of applications in which water mist systems have been listed for use including the following: \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\"\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eMachinery spaces\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCombustion turbines\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eIndustrial oil cookers\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eComputer room raised floors\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eData processing equipment rooms\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eChemical fume hoods\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eContinuous wood board presses\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eShipboard passenger cabins and corridors\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eShipboard accommodation and public space areas\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eRoad tunnels\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCable conduit tunnels\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eApplication\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are a few different ways to apply water mist fire protection systems in your building or facility. These types of system configurations will look similar to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications-and-media/Blogs-Landing-Page/NFPA-Today/Blog-Posts/2022/05/06/Clean-Agent-System-Basics\"\u003eclean agent system\u003c/a\u003e applications because the two systems share several commonalities in how they protect against fires.\u003cspan\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLocal Application\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ndash; This configuration is used to protect a specific hazard or object. An example may be the protection of a piece of equipment in a large compartment. The system would be designed to discharge water mist directly onto the object.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Compartment Application\u003c/strong\u003e - This type of system provides protection to all fire hazards and all areas in a compartment. The open nozzles are positioned in a grid so that water mist discharges approximately uniformly throughout the entire volume.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Blog-Post-Attachments/NFPA-Today/zoned-application.png?rev=b95ca63c12014230b88d012d25825897\u0026amp;hash=EF32F1F504F83D9BF34E852A5C45812F\" style=\"height:201px; width:600px;\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZoned Application\u003c/strong\u003e - This type of system is configured to discharge mist from portions of a larger system as required to control fire in a specific part of a compartment. It would be installed in circumstances where the water demand for a total compartment system (i.e., a deluge system), would be beyond the capability of the water supply. Zoning the water mist piping network, however, requires the installation of a detection system that can accurately find the location of a fire.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOccupancy Protection Systems\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system utilizing automatic water mist nozzles installed throughout a building or a portion of a building and intended to control, suppress, or extinguish a fire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eNozzle types\u003c/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are several different types of nozzles that can be found in a water mist fire protection system.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAutomatic\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles that operate independently of other nozzles by means of a detection/activation device built into the nozzle.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c/span\u003eThis activation device is typically a heat responsive element or actuator.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNonautomatic\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles that do not have individual actuators or heat-responsive elements. These types of nozzles are used in deluge systems where the nozzles are always open.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMultifunctional\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles capable of operation using both automatic and nonautomatic means. The actuation of a multifunctional water mist nozzle can be by a built-in detection and activation device and/or by an independent means of activation.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eElectronically-operated automatic\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles that are normally closed and operated by electrical energy that is initiated and supplied by fire detection and control equipment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eSystem types\u003c/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are various types of water mist systems which are the same categories as the different types of sprinkler systems. Since we recently posted \u003ca href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications-and-media/Blogs-Landing-Page/NFPA-Today/Blog-Posts/2021/03/26/Sprinkler-System-Basics-Types-of-Sprinkler-Systems?icid=W483\"\u003ea blog covering the types of sprinkler systems\u003c/a\u003e that goes into the details about each type, I\u0026rsquo;m going to keep this section brief and just give a quick overview.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeluge System\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system utilizing nonautomatic mist nozzles (open) attached to a piping network connected to the fluid supply(ies) directly or through a valve controlled by an independent detection system installed in the same area as the mist nozzles.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWet Pipe System\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system using automatic nozzles attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from nozzles operated by the heat from a fire.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePre-action Systems\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system using automatic nozzles attached to a piping system that contains air that might or might not be under pressure, with a supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the mist nozzles. The actuation of the detection system opens a valve that allows water to flow into the piping system and discharges through all opened nozzles in the system.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDry Pipe Systems\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system using automatic nozzles attached to a piping system containing air, nitrogen, or inert gas under pressure, the release of which (as from an opening of an automatic nozzle) allows the water pressure to open a dry pipe valve. The water then flows into the piping system and out through any open nozzles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eDroplet production methods\u003c/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWater mist fire protection systems have the option of being either a single fluid (water) or twin fluid (water \u0026amp; atomizing media) system. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSingle-Fluid\u003c/strong\u003e - A single-fluid media system requires one set of distribution piping to transport the fluid to each nozzle. The droplets are then formed in one of the following ways:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiquid should be discharged at a high velocity with respect to the surrounding air. The difference in velocities between the liquid and surrounding air should shear the liquid into small droplets.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eA liquid stream is impinged upon a fixed surface. The impact of the liquid on the surface breaks the liquid stream into small droplets.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTwo liquid streams of similar composition collide with one another. The collision of the two streams breaks the individual streams into small droplets.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiquid is either vibrated or electrically broken into small droplets (ultrasonic and electrostatic atomizers).\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiquid is heated above its boiling point in a pressure vessel and released suddenly to atmospheric pressure (flashing liquid sprays).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTwin Fluid\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ndash; Twin-fluid media systems produce water mist (droplet production) by impingement of two fluids delivered from separate piping systems. One set of piping provides a liquid (water) to the nozzle, and the second piping network provides an atomizing fluid/media.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth single-fluid and twin-fluid systems can be operated in the low, intermediate, or high pressure range, which is based on the greatest pressure that the distribution piping is exposed to, as shown in the table below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-left: none; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLow Pressure System\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-left: none; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eIntermediate Pressure System \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-left: none; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eHigh Pressure System \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eImperial Units\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eUnder 175 psi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e175 \u0026ndash; 500 psi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eOver 500 psi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eMetric Units\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eUnder 12.1 bar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e12.1 \u0026ndash; 34.5 bar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eOver 34.5 bar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, while water mist fire protection systems have not yet outpaced the prevalence of traditional sprinkler systems there are numerous benefits associated with them to justify their use in many applications. For information on the requirements associated with water mist systems please see \u003ca rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=750\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNFPA 750, \u003cem\u003eStandard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e and for more information on the systems themselves check out the \u003ca href=\"https://catalog.nfpa.org/Fire-Protection-Handbook-20th-Edition-P13860.aspx\"\u003eNFPA Fire Protection Handbook\u003c/a\u003e, Chapter 16-8.\u003c/p\u003e"},"metaDescription":{"value":""},"noFollow":{"value":false},"noIndex":{"value":false},"pageTitle":{"value":"Water Mist Systems Overview | NFPA"},"addTitleSuffix":{"value":false},"RTL":{"value":false},"metaImage":{"value":{}},"CardImage":{"value":{}},"CardText":{"value":""},"CardButtonText":{"value":""},"Title 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equipment and apparatus"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"id":"a36984f6-17e0-4180-a6b8-346dd9073bdc","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Subtopics/Fire-extinguishers","name":"Fire extinguishers","displayName":"Fire extinguishers","fields":{"ParentTopics":[],"Title":{"value":"Fire extinguishers"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Fire extinguishers"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"id":"6c2415a4-42b1-40d7-87ec-2ff36602be6c","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Fire-Protection-Systems","name":"Fire Protection Systems","displayName":"Fire Protection Systems","fields":{"Title":{"value":"Fire Protection Systems"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Fire Protection Systems"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"id":"caee1852-ade5-43b9-b630-b061f5d4cce8","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Subtopics/Hazardous-materials","name":"Hazardous materials","displayName":"Hazardous materials","fields":{"ParentTopics":[],"Title":{"value":"Hazardous materials"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Hazardous materials"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}}],"ContentTagging":[{"id":"c4692520-c229-445a-9017-30505de41d1d","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Tagging/Content-Types/Blogs","name":"Blogs","displayName":"Blogs","fields":{"Title":{"value":"Blogs"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Blogs"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}}],"PersonalizationTagging":[],"ProductCategories":[],"DevExManaged":{"value":false},"ExcludeFromSiteMap":{"value":false},"ChangeFrequency":null,"Priority":null,"ExcludeFromSearch":{"value":false}},"databaseName":"web","deviceId":"fe5d7fdf-89c0-4d99-9aa3-b5fbd009c9f3","itemId":"cec5f490-d65e-40a8-90dc-e96bef3f7d78","itemLanguage":"en","itemVersion":2,"layoutId":"9604513c-ca70-4d4d-9299-c0eafddbed0b","templateId":"28cd4e34-2eb7-4657-85ff-74343b27a674","templateName":"Blog","placeholders":{"storefront-main":[{"uid":"f34b7578-67fb-443b-aae9-69ef8eb467f2","componentName":"BlogDetail","dataSource":"","params":{"CacheClearingBehavior":"Clear on publish"},"fields":{"PublicationCategory":{"value":""},"PublicationAuthor":{"id":"9ae2d621-427a-41b7-9771-4a04416985e6","url":"/en/Data/Authors/b/Brian-oconnor","name":"Brian oconnor","displayName":"Brian oconnor","fields":{"AuthorReadMoreLinkLabel":{"value":""},"AuthorSummary":{"value":"Technical Services Engineer, NFPA"},"AuthorEmail":{"value":"boconnor@nfpa.org"},"AuthorName":{"value":"Brian O'Connor"},"AuthorJobTitle":{"value":""},"AuthorImage":{"value":{"src":"https://content.nfpa.org/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Authors/Brian-OConnor/BrianOConnor.jpg?h=200\u0026iar=0\u0026w=200\u0026rev=6ae3be7cf091463f8f99b3949340c487\u0026hash=F428C5BAF6D62CE0073A4B7BF792BF98","width":"200","height":"200"}},"AuthorReadMoreLinkTarget":null,"Import ID":{"value":"{9AE2D621-427A-41B7-9771-4A04416985E6}"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},"PublicationDate":{"value":"2022-06-24T14:46:40Z"},"PublicationMainImage":{"value":{"src":"https://content.nfpa.org/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Blog-Post-Attachments/NFPA-Today/Sprinkler-pipe-copy.jpg?h=400\u0026iar=0\u0026w=800\u0026rev=700d55bc99394ea59c1b189cb76d4de2\u0026hash=3367FE24E88DB50BFE17FA94EC87AC40","width":"800","height":"400"}},"PublicationLegacyID":{"value":"{CEC5F490-D65E-40A8-90DC-E96BEF3F7D78}"},"HideForRSS":{"value":false},"Breadcrumb Custom Link":{"value":{"href":""}},"Show breadcrumb on this page":{"value":true},"Do not show this page on breadcrumb of other pages":{"value":false},"Page Design":null,"Import ID":{"value":"{CEC5F490-D65E-40A8-90DC-E96BEF3F7D78}"},"Secured":{"value":false},"Require Member Access":{"value":false},"Require No Membership":{"value":false},"Title":{"value":"Water Mist Systems Overview"},"Content":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWater mist systems are fire suppression systems that use very small water droplets to extinguish or control fires. These droplets are effective at controlling fires while using less water and having smaller piping than a standard sprinkler system due to the increased cooling effects, oxygen displacement and pre-wetting that the droplet size and distribution provide. Some additional benefits of water mist fire protection systems include reduced water damage and low environmental impact, while one of the trade offs include higher system pressure. This blog will review some of the basics about these systems to help add these systems as an option in your fire protection design portfolio.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://content.nfpa.org/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Blog-Post-Attachments/NFPA-Today/Droplet-size.png?h=338\u0026amp;w=600\u0026amp;rev=3a30803606534ef3a949f89237c8f9de\u0026amp;hash=B3BF2902173EFBEA01AE9EE5DBC1DF9C\" style=\"height:338px; width:600px;\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe droplet size for water mist systems can vary between 1000 microns and 10 microns. This small droplet size decreases the required application rate, enhances evaporation, and helps reduce oxygen levels to extinguish visible and hidden fires.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWater mist systems have been used for specific applications (such as maritime) for a long time but starting in the mid-1990\u0026rsquo;s advancement in the use of water mist systems was propelled by the phasing out of halon and their use as a fire safety system for spaces where the amount of water that can be stored or discharged is limited. In addition, there is a long list of applications in which water mist systems have been listed for use including the following: \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\"\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eMachinery spaces\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCombustion turbines\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eIndustrial oil cookers\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eComputer room raised floors\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eData processing equipment rooms\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eChemical fume hoods\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eContinuous wood board presses\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eShipboard passenger cabins and corridors\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eShipboard accommodation and public space areas\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eRoad tunnels\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCable conduit tunnels\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eApplication\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are a few different ways to apply water mist fire protection systems in your building or facility. These types of system configurations will look similar to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications-and-media/Blogs-Landing-Page/NFPA-Today/Blog-Posts/2022/05/06/Clean-Agent-System-Basics\"\u003eclean agent system\u003c/a\u003e applications because the two systems share several commonalities in how they protect against fires.\u003cspan\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLocal Application\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ndash; This configuration is used to protect a specific hazard or object. An example may be the protection of a piece of equipment in a large compartment. The system would be designed to discharge water mist directly onto the object.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Compartment Application\u003c/strong\u003e - This type of system provides protection to all fire hazards and all areas in a compartment. The open nozzles are positioned in a grid so that water mist discharges approximately uniformly throughout the entire volume.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https://content.nfpa.org/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Blog-Post-Attachments/NFPA-Today/zoned-application.png?rev=b95ca63c12014230b88d012d25825897\u0026amp;hash=EF32F1F504F83D9BF34E852A5C45812F\" style=\"height:201px; width:600px;\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZoned Application\u003c/strong\u003e - This type of system is configured to discharge mist from portions of a larger system as required to control fire in a specific part of a compartment. It would be installed in circumstances where the water demand for a total compartment system (i.e., a deluge system), would be beyond the capability of the water supply. Zoning the water mist piping network, however, requires the installation of a detection system that can accurately find the location of a fire.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOccupancy Protection Systems\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system utilizing automatic water mist nozzles installed throughout a building or a portion of a building and intended to control, suppress, or extinguish a fire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eNozzle types\u003c/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are several different types of nozzles that can be found in a water mist fire protection system.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAutomatic\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles that operate independently of other nozzles by means of a detection/activation device built into the nozzle.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c/span\u003eThis activation device is typically a heat responsive element or actuator.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNonautomatic\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles that do not have individual actuators or heat-responsive elements. These types of nozzles are used in deluge systems where the nozzles are always open.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMultifunctional\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles capable of operation using both automatic and nonautomatic means. The actuation of a multifunctional water mist nozzle can be by a built-in detection and activation device and/or by an independent means of activation.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eElectronically-operated automatic\u003c/strong\u003e - Nozzles that are normally closed and operated by electrical energy that is initiated and supplied by fire detection and control equipment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eSystem types\u003c/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are various types of water mist systems which are the same categories as the different types of sprinkler systems. Since we recently posted \u003ca href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications-and-media/Blogs-Landing-Page/NFPA-Today/Blog-Posts/2021/03/26/Sprinkler-System-Basics-Types-of-Sprinkler-Systems?icid=W483\"\u003ea blog covering the types of sprinkler systems\u003c/a\u003e that goes into the details about each type, I\u0026rsquo;m going to keep this section brief and just give a quick overview.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeluge System\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system utilizing nonautomatic mist nozzles (open) attached to a piping network connected to the fluid supply(ies) directly or through a valve controlled by an independent detection system installed in the same area as the mist nozzles.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWet Pipe System\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system using automatic nozzles attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from nozzles operated by the heat from a fire.\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: none;\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePre-action Systems\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system using automatic nozzles attached to a piping system that contains air that might or might not be under pressure, with a supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the mist nozzles. The actuation of the detection system opens a valve that allows water to flow into the piping system and discharges through all opened nozzles in the system.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDry Pipe Systems\u003c/strong\u003e - A water mist system using automatic nozzles attached to a piping system containing air, nitrogen, or inert gas under pressure, the release of which (as from an opening of an automatic nozzle) allows the water pressure to open a dry pipe valve. The water then flows into the piping system and out through any open nozzles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\"\u003eDroplet production methods\u003c/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWater mist fire protection systems have the option of being either a single fluid (water) or twin fluid (water \u0026amp; atomizing media) system. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSingle-Fluid\u003c/strong\u003e - A single-fluid media system requires one set of distribution piping to transport the fluid to each nozzle. The droplets are then formed in one of the following ways:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiquid should be discharged at a high velocity with respect to the surrounding air. The difference in velocities between the liquid and surrounding air should shear the liquid into small droplets.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eA liquid stream is impinged upon a fixed surface. The impact of the liquid on the surface breaks the liquid stream into small droplets.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTwo liquid streams of similar composition collide with one another. The collision of the two streams breaks the individual streams into small droplets.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiquid is either vibrated or electrically broken into small droplets (ultrasonic and electrostatic atomizers).\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiquid is heated above its boiling point in a pressure vessel and released suddenly to atmospheric pressure (flashing liquid sprays).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTwin Fluid\u003c/strong\u003e \u0026ndash; Twin-fluid media systems produce water mist (droplet production) by impingement of two fluids delivered from separate piping systems. One set of piping provides a liquid (water) to the nozzle, and the second piping network provides an atomizing fluid/media.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth single-fluid and twin-fluid systems can be operated in the low, intermediate, or high pressure range, which is based on the greatest pressure that the distribution piping is exposed to, as shown in the table below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-left: none; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLow Pressure System\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-left: none; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eIntermediate Pressure System \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-left: none; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eHigh Pressure System \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eImperial Units\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eUnder 175 psi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e175 \u0026ndash; 500 psi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eOver 500 psi\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eMetric Units\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eUnder 12.1 bar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e12.1 \u0026ndash; 34.5 bar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 116.9pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; text-align: left;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eOver 34.5 bar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUltimately, while water mist fire protection systems have not yet outpaced the prevalence of traditional sprinkler systems there are numerous benefits associated with them to justify their use in many applications. For information on the requirements associated with water mist systems please see \u003ca rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=750\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNFPA 750, \u003cem\u003eStandard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e and for more information on the systems themselves check out the \u003ca href=\"https://catalog.nfpa.org/Fire-Protection-Handbook-20th-Edition-P13860.aspx\"\u003eNFPA Fire Protection Handbook\u003c/a\u003e, Chapter 16-8.\u003c/p\u003e"},"metaDescription":{"value":""},"noFollow":{"value":false},"noIndex":{"value":false},"pageTitle":{"value":"Water Mist Systems Overview | NFPA"},"addTitleSuffix":{"value":false},"RTL":{"value":false},"metaImage":{"value":{}},"CardImage":{"value":{}},"CardText":{"value":""},"CardButtonText":{"value":""},"Title Image":{"value":{"src":"https://content.nfpa.org/-/media/Project/Storefront/Catalog/Images/Blogs/Blog-Post-Attachments/NFPA-Today/Sprinkler-pipe-copy.jpg?h=400\u0026iar=0\u0026w=800\u0026rev=700d55bc99394ea59c1b189cb76d4de2\u0026hash=3367FE24E88DB50BFE17FA94EC87AC40","width":"800","height":"400"}},"Taxonomies":[{"id":"b703e147-360b-453c-81d2-2ab00058cb3c","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Subtopics/Detection-and-notification","name":"Detection and notification","displayName":"Detection and notification","fields":{"ParentTopics":[],"Title":{"value":"Detection and notification"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Detection and notification"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"id":"3ca2e1a6-fbd6-4d52-9b1a-a309c67ee441","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Subtopics/Fire-equipment-and-apparatus","name":"Fire equipment and apparatus","displayName":"Fire equipment and apparatus","fields":{"ParentTopics":[],"Title":{"value":"Fire equipment and apparatus"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Fire equipment and apparatus"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"id":"a36984f6-17e0-4180-a6b8-346dd9073bdc","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Subtopics/Fire-extinguishers","name":"Fire extinguishers","displayName":"Fire extinguishers","fields":{"ParentTopics":[],"Title":{"value":"Fire extinguishers"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Fire extinguishers"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"id":"6c2415a4-42b1-40d7-87ec-2ff36602be6c","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Fire-Protection-Systems","name":"Fire Protection Systems","displayName":"Fire Protection Systems","fields":{"Title":{"value":"Fire Protection Systems"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Fire Protection Systems"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"id":"caee1852-ade5-43b9-b630-b061f5d4cce8","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Topics/Subtopics/Hazardous-materials","name":"Hazardous materials","displayName":"Hazardous materials","fields":{"ParentTopics":[],"Title":{"value":"Hazardous materials"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Hazardous materials"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}}],"ContentTagging":[{"id":"c4692520-c229-445a-9017-30505de41d1d","url":"/en/Data/Taxonomies/Tagging/Content-Types/Blogs","name":"Blogs","displayName":"Blogs","fields":{"Title":{"value":"Blogs"},"Notes":{"value":""},"Import ID":{"value":"Blogs"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}}],"PersonalizationTagging":[],"ProductCategories":[],"DevExManaged":{"value":false},"ExcludeFromSiteMap":{"value":false},"ChangeFrequency":null,"Priority":null,"ExcludeFromSearch":{"value":false}},"placeholders":{"storefront-publication-content":[{"uid":"7370208d-0d27-4d4d-a7c1-bc1da5d1d6f1","componentName":"AlertBlock","dataSource":"{E1191FF9-800F-4384-9F02-35CF75116A7D}","params":{},"fields":{"AlertBlockText":{"value":"\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #212529; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003eImportant Notice:\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #212529; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #212529; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003eAny opinion expressed in this column (blog, article) is the opinion of the author and does not necessarily represent the official position of NFPA or its Technical Committees. In addition, this piece is neither intended, nor should it be relied upon, to provide professional consultation or services.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e"},"DevExManaged":{"value":false}}},{"uid":"976b6b07-53bc-48a2-8312-52d699af3609","componentName":"CallToActionBanner","dataSource":"/sitecore/content/Storefront/Catalog/Data/Call To Action Banners/Default Call To Action Banner","params":{},"fields":{"CallToActionBannerIsCompact":{"value":true},"CallToActionBannerContent":{"value":"Stay up to date on the latest fire and life safety news by subscribing to our monthly e-newsletter, \u003cem\u003eNFPA Network\u003c/em\u003e™. 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