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href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-England" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#England"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>England</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-England-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_topic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_topic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>By topic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_topic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Art_and_Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_and_Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Art and Science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_and_Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1190</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 139 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1190 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1190 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۱۹۰ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۱۹۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A6" title="১১৯০ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১১৯০" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_n%C3%AE" title="1190 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1190 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190." title="1190. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1190." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۱۹۰ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۱۹۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%E5%B9%B4" title="1190年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1190年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%EB%85%84" title="1190년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1190년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A6" title="११९० – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="११९०" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190." title="1190. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1190." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A6" title="মারি ১১৯০ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১১৯০" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1190-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1190-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1190 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1190 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_(almanak_jilyen)" title="1190 (almanak jilyen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1190 (almanak jilyen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_%D0%B8" title="1190 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1190 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190._gads" title="1190. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1190. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_m." title="1190 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1190 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A6" title="इ.स. ११९० – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. ११९०" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B0" title="۱۱۹۰ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۱۹۰" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1190 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1190 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A6" title="सन् ११९० – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् ११९०" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%E5%B9%B4" title="1190年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1190年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AF%E0%AD%A6" title="୧୧୯୦ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୧୯୦" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A6" title="११९० – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="११९०" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1190 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1190 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A6" title="११९० – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="११९०" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%D8%B9" title="1190ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1190ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A1%D9%A9%D9%A0" title="١١٩٠ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١١٩٠" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190." title="1190. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1190." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1190 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1190 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._1733" title="พ.ศ. 1733 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 1733" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1190" title="Соли 1190 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1190" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%D8%A1" title="1190ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1190ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%E5%B9%B4" title="1190年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1190年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%E5%B9%B4" title="1190年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1190年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190%E5%B9%B4" title="1190年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1190年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1190" title="1190 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1190" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19736#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_century" title="11th century">11th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">12th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_century" title="13th century">13th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1170s" title="1170s">1170s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1180s" title="1180s">1180s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1190s" title="1190s">1190s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1200s_(decade)" title="1200s (decade)">1200s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1210s" title="1210s">1210s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1187" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1187">1187</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1188" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1188">1188</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1189" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1189">1189</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1190" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1190">1190</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1191" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1191">1191</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1192" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1192">1192</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1193" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1193">1193</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_nav" title="Template:Year nav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Year_nav" title="Template talk:Year nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Year_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Year nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1190" title="Category:1190">1190 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_sovereign_states_in_1190&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of sovereign states in 1190 (page does not exist)">Political entities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1190" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1190">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_12th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 12th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1190_births" title="Category:1190 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1190_deaths" title="Category:1190 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1190_establishments" title="Category:1190 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1190_disestablishments" title="Category:1190 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Art and literature</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/1190_in_poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="1190 in poetry">1190 in poetry</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1190 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1190<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MCXC</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>1943</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>639<br />ԹՎ ՈԼԹ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>5940</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1111–1112</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>596–597</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2140</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>1 <a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Ric. 1</a> – 2 <a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Ric. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>1734</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>552</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>6698–6699</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">己酉</a>年 (Earth <a href="/wiki/Rooster_(zodiac)" title="Rooster (zodiac)">Rooster</a>)<br />3887 or 3680<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />庚戌年 (Metal <a href="/wiki/Dog_(zodiac)" title="Dog (zodiac)">Dog</a>)<br />3888 or 3681</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>906–907</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2356</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1182–1183</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>4950–4951</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1246–1247</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1111–1112</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4290–4291</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11190</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>190–191</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>568–569</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>585–586</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bunji_(era)" title="Bunji (era)">Bunji</a> 6 / <a href="/wiki/Kenky%C5%AB" title="Kenkyū">Kenkyū</a> 1<br />(建久元年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1097–1098</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>1190<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MCXC</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3523</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>722 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前722年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>−278</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_era" title="Seleucid era">Seleucid era</a></td><td>1501/1502 <a href="/wiki/Anno_Graecorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Anno Graecorum">AG</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>1732–1733</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴土鸡年<br />(female Earth-<a href="/wiki/Rooster_(zodiac)" title="Rooster (zodiac)">Rooster</a>)<br />1316 or 935 or 163<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳金狗年<br />(male Iron-<a href="/wiki/Dog_(zodiac)" title="Dog (zodiac)">Dog</a>)<br />1317 or 936 or 164</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg/300px-Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="408" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg/450px-Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg/600px-Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="978" data-file-height="1330" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Crusader_states" title="Crusader states">Crusader states</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Year <b>1190</b> (<b>MCXC</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Monday" title="Common year starting on Monday">common year starting on Monday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_place">By place</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: By place"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Byzantine_Empire">Byzantine Empire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Byzantine Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Spring – A German expeditionary force (some 15,000 men) led by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick I</a> (<b>Barbarossa</b>) marches towards <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, on the way to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Holy Land</a>. Emperor <a href="/wiki/Isaac_II_Angelos" title="Isaac II Angelos">Isaac II</a> (<b>Angelos</b>), suspicious that Frederick is planning to conquer Constantinople, attempts to stop him by attacking the Crusaders. The German forces are too strong and they capture <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Adrianople</a>. A peace treaty is signed by both Isaac and Frederick, that ensures the Germans are given supplies, and free passage through to <a href="/wiki/Palestina_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestina (region)">Palestina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Isaac II starts a campaign against the Bulgarians, who claim their independence. After passing the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Mountains" title="Balkan Mountains">Balkan Mountains</a>, Isaac marches westward to besiege <a href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Tarnovo</a>, the new Bulgarian capital. Meanwhile, the Byzantine fleet reaches the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube River</a> in order to block the way of <a href="/wiki/Cumans" title="Cumans">Cuman</a> reinforcements from the North. The defense of Tarnovo is led by <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Asen_I_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Asen I of Bulgaria">Ivan Asen I</a>, emperor (<a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a>) of <a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Bulgaria</a>. After spreading rumors of the arrival of a Cuman army to relieve the city, Isaac orders to retreat to <a href="/wiki/Stara_Zagora" title="Stara Zagora">Stara Zagora</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tryavna" title="Battle of Tryavna">Battle of Tryavna</a>: Byzantine forces under Isaac II are ambushed and defeated by the Bulgarians in a mountain pass, near <a href="/wiki/Tryavna" title="Tryavna">Tryavna</a>. In panic, the Byzantines break up and begin a disorganized retreat. Isaac barely escapes, his <a href="/wiki/Varangian_Guard" title="Varangian Guard">Varangian Guard</a> has to cut a path through their own soldiers, enabling their emperor's flight from the rout. The <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a> capture the imperial treasure, including the golden helmet of Isaac, his crown, and the Imperial Cross which contains a wooden piece of the <a href="/wiki/True_Cross" title="True Cross">Holy Cross</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Third_Crusade">Third Crusade</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Third Crusade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March" title="March">March</a> – Frederick I leaves Adrianople to <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli" title="Gallipoli">Gallipoli</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Dardanelles" title="Dardanelles">Dardanelles</a> to embark, with the help of Byzantine transports, to cross into <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Asia Minor</a>. On <a href="/wiki/April_25" title="April 25">April 25</a>, he enters territory of the Seljuk <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Rum" title="Sultanate of Rum">Sultanate of Rum</a> under the rule of Sultan <a href="/wiki/Kilij_Arslan_II" title="Kilij Arslan II">Kilij Arslan II</a>. Although promised to let the German Crusaders pass peaceably through his domains, Kilij Arslan harasses Frederick's forces with hit-and-run attacks. On <a href="/wiki/May_7" title="May 7">May 7</a>, a Turkish army (some 10,000 men) is defeated at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philomelion_(1190)" title="Battle of Philomelion (1190)">Battle of Philomelion</a>, by 2,000 Crusaders.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">March 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Conrad_of_Montferrat" title="Conrad of Montferrat">Conrad of Montferrat</a> sails south with a Crusader fleet (some 50 ships) from <a href="/wiki/Tyre,_Lebanon" title="Tyre, Lebanon">Tyre</a>. As Conrad's fleet approaches the harbour of <a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a>, an equally sized Muslim fleet sorties out to meet the Crusaders in open battle. Eventually, the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid</a> fleet is blockaded (supported by Danish and Pisan ships) in the port. Acre is again cut off from reinforcements; the city's supplies are exhausted, and the Muslim garrison has to resort to eating their own beasts. In the event, troops are driven to <a href="/wiki/Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">cannibalism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April" title="April">April</a> – After a long siege Muslim forces under <a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a> capture <a href="/wiki/Beaufort_Castle,_Lebanon" title="Beaufort Castle, Lebanon">Beaufort Castle</a> from <a href="/wiki/Reginald_of_Sidon" title="Reginald of Sidon">Reginald of Sidon</a> who has offered to hand over the castle to Saladin on the condition that he has three months to remove his family to a place of safety. At the end of the three months, Saladin expects the castle to be handed over but finds that Reginald has used the time to strengthen the castle against a siege. He is imprisoned at <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> – the castle's garrison finally surrenders in return for Reginald's release.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1189%E2%80%931191)" title="Siege of Acre (1189–1191)">Siege of Acre</a>: A Crusader force under King <a href="/wiki/Guy_of_Lusignan" title="Guy of Lusignan">Guy of Lusignan</a> attacks the city with three siege engines, but all are destroyed by the Muslim defenders with <a href="/wiki/Greek_fire" title="Greek fire">Greek fire</a>, a highly flammable liquid. An Egyptian flotilla is able to avoid the Pisan fleet (some 50 ships) and resupply the city with new provisions. Saladin launches a massive eight-day attack on the Crusaders two weeks later. Meanwhile, in the Crusader camp the conditions are deteriorating by disease and <a href="/wiki/Famine" title="Famine">famine</a>, among the soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_18" title="May 18">May 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Iconium_(1190)" title="Battle of Iconium (1190)">Battle of Iconium</a>: German forces under Frederick I defeat the Seljuk army (40,000 men) in a pitched battle. They are routed, leaving the city at the mercy of the German Crusaders. Frederick does not pursue the Seljuks, because his forces have been weakened by food shortage for the previous weeks. His 23-year-old son, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI,_Duke_of_Swabia" title="Frederick VI, Duke of Swabia">Frederick VI</a>, takes Iconium (modern-day <a href="/wiki/Konya" title="Konya">Konya</a>) and proceeds to massacre the citizens. The Germans take booty amounting to 100,000 marks in the Turkish capital.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_10" title="June 10">June 10</a> – Frederick I drowns while crossing (or bathing in) the <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ksu" title="Göksu">Göksu River</a> near Selucia (modern-day <a href="/wiki/Silifke" title="Silifke">Silifke</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia" title="Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia">Armenian Cilicia</a>. The German Crusaders are demoralized and exhausted by the summer heat, Frederick VI takes over the command of his father, carrying with him the emperor's body preserved in a barrel of <a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">vinegar</a>. Some of the German nobles decide to return home with their followers; Frederick continues with his army (some 5,000 men) and eventually reaches <a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a>, on <a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> – A Crusader fleet attempts to destroy the Tower of Flies at Acre, which guards the city's harbour, by ramming vessels loaded with combustibles into it. At a critical moment, the ships collide with one another and are badly damaged. A specially built Pisan vessel resembling a floating castle and outfitted with <a href="/wiki/Mangonel" title="Mangonel">mangonels</a>, is set afire during a sortie from the harbour by a Muslim flotilla.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – The 18-year-old <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Jerusalem" title="Isabella I of Jerusalem">Isabella I</a>, half-sister of <a href="/wiki/Sibylla,_Queen_of_Jerusalem" title="Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem">Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem</a>, marries Conrad of Montferrat at <a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a> making him <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> (as <b>Conrad I</b>). He has the support of her mother <a href="/wiki/Maria_Komnene,_Queen_of_Jerusalem" title="Maria Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem">Maria Comnena</a> and stepfather <a href="/wiki/Balian_of_Ibelin" title="Balian of Ibelin">Balian of Ibelin</a>, as well as Reginald of Sidon and other major nobles in the <a href="/wiki/Crusader_states" title="Crusader states">Crusader States</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Order" title="Teutonic Order">Teutonic Order</a> is founded at Acre by German knights of <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a>. The Order is formed to aid Christians on their <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">pilgrimages</a> to the Holy Land and to establish hospitals (approximate date).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Europe">Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">July 4</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Richard I</a> (<b>the Lion Heart</b>) and <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip II</a> (<b>Augustus</b>), meet at <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9zelay" title="Vézelay">Vézelay</a> and agree to divide the spoils of the Crusade equally between themselves. They march to the coast and then make their way across the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean</a>, taking different routes. Richard travels with an expeditionary force (some 17,000 men) via <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a> and Philip travels with a smaller contingent (some 15,000 men) via <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>. Richard has some 100 ships at his disposal, several of which are from Norman ports, others from <a href="/wiki/Shoreham-by-Sea" title="Shoreham-by-Sea">Shoreham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September" title="September">September</a> – Richard I arrives in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a> at the head of a Crusader army and demands the release of his sister <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_England,_Queen_of_Sicily" title="Joan of England, Queen of Sicily">Joan of England</a>, queen of Sicily, who is held hostage by the usurper <a href="/wiki/Tancred,_King_of_Sicily" title="Tancred, King of Sicily">Tancred of Lecce</a>. He also demands that Tancred fulfill the financial commitments made by the late King <a href="/wiki/William_II_of_Sicily" title="William II of Sicily">William II</a> (<b>the Good</b>) to the Crusade. Tancred refuses the financial demand but he agrees to release Joan, on <a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a> – Richard I captures <a href="/wiki/Messina,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Messina, Italy">Messina</a>, after looting and burning the city he establishes his base there. Richard insists that his own banner be erected over the city, but this creates tension between Richard and Philip II, who has joined him with his forces. Tancred accepts a peace agreement, and pays Richard 20,000 ounces of gold. Friendly relations are restored, Richard agrees to split the gold with Philip.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI</a>, eldest son of Frederick I, grants <a href="/wiki/Henry_I,_Duke_of_Brabant" title="Henry I, Duke of Brabant">Henry I</a> (<b>the Brave</b>) the title of <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Brabant" title="Duke of Brabant">Duke of Brabant</a>. Henry tries to expand his power and soon quarrels with Count <a href="/wiki/Baldwin_V,_Count_of_Hainaut" title="Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut">Baldwin V</a>, duke of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Hainaut" title="County of Hainaut">Hainaut</a>.</li> <li>December – Richard I and Philip II stay in Sicily over the winter months waiting for the weather to improve before continuing their journey to the Holy Land.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Silves_(1190%E2%80%931191)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sieges of Silves (1190–1191)">Siege of Silves</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Almohad_Caliphate" title="Almohad Caliphate">Almohad</a> caliph, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Yusuf_Yaqub_al-Mansur" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur">Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur</a>, fails to reconquer <a href="/wiki/Silves,_Portugal" title="Silves, Portugal">Silves, Portugal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Picard1997_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Picard1997-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="England">England</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> adopts the <a href="/wiki/Saint_George%27s_Cross" title="Saint George's Cross">Cross of St. George</a>, the red cross on a white background. The flag is also used by the fleet of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoa</a>, and allows the ships from London to use the flag for protection when they enter the Mediterranean on trading missions.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_16" title="March 16">March 16</a> – A massacre and mass-<a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a> of the Jews in <a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a>, results in the deaths of 150–500 Jews in <a href="/wiki/York_Castle" title="York Castle">Clifford's Tower</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_topic">By topic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: By topic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Art_and_Science">Art and Science</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Art and Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Harmony_of_Religions_and_Philosophy" title="On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy">On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy</a></i> (ar. <i>Kitab fasl al-maqal</i>), by <a href="/wiki/Averroes" title="Averroes">Averroes</a>, is first published.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Speculum_Virginum" title="Speculum Virginum">Speculum Virginum</a></i>, a German manuscript, is published (approximate date).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Education">Education</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emo_of_Friesland" title="Emo of Friesland">Emo of Friesland</a>, a Frisian scholar and <a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">abbot</a>, commences his study at what will become the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Religion">Religion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cartmel_Priory" title="Cartmel Priory">Cartmel Priory</a> is founded by <a href="/wiki/William_Marshal,_1st_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke">William Marshal</a>, 1st <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Pembroke" title="Earl of Pembroke">Earl of Pembroke</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>.</li> <li>King <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nemanja" title="Stefan Nemanja">Stefan Nemanja</a> founds the <a href="/wiki/Studenica_Monastery" title="Studenica Monastery">Studenica Monastery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_24" title="July 24">July 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Yel%C3%BC_Chucai" title="Yelü Chucai">Yelü Chucai</a>, Chinese statesman (d. <a href="/wiki/1244" title="1244">1244</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_30" title="December 30">December 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abi%27l-Hadid" title="Ibn Abi'l-Hadid">Ibn Abi'l-Hadid</a>, Arab scholar (d. <a href="/wiki/1258" title="1258">1258</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Sinigardi" title="Benedetto Sinigardi">Benedetto Sinigardi</a>, Italian <a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscan</a> friar (d. <a href="/wiki/1282" title="1282">1282</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_II_(archbishop_of_Bremen_and_Hamburg)" title="Gerhard II (archbishop of Bremen and Hamburg)">Gerhard II of Lippe</a>, German archbishop (d. 1258)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_I_von_M%C3%BCllenark" title="Heinrich I von Müllenark">Heinrich I von Müllenark</a>, German archbishop (d. <a href="/wiki/1238" title="1238">1238</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helvis_of_Cyprus" title="Helvis of Cyprus">Helvis of Cyprus</a>, princess of <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Antioch" title="Principality of Antioch">Antioch</a> (approximate date)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Count_of_Bar" title="Henry II, Count of Bar">Henry II of Bar</a>, French <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobleman</a> and knight (d. <a href="/wiki/1239" title="1239">1239</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_of_Nivelles" title="Ida of Nivelles">Ida of Nivelles</a>, Belgian <a href="/wiki/Cistercians" title="Cistercians">Cistercian</a> nun and <a href="/wiki/Christian_mysticism" title="Christian mysticism">mystic</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1231" title="1231">1231</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_Count_of_Chalon" title="John, Count of Chalon">John</a> (<b>the Old</b>), French nobleman and knight (d. <a href="/wiki/1267" title="1267">1267</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klement_of_Ruszcza" title="Klement of Ruszcza">Klement of Ruszcza</a>, Polish nobleman and knight (d. <a href="/wiki/1256" title="1256">1256</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luce_de_Gast" title="Luce de Gast">Luce de Gast</a>, English nobleman (approximate date)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_of_Brabant,_Holy_Roman_Empress" title="Maria of Brabant, Holy Roman Empress">Maria of Brabant</a>, Holy Roman Empress (d. <a href="/wiki/1260" title="1260">1260</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Peter González">Peter González</a> (or <b>Pedro</b>), Castilian priest (d. <a href="/wiki/1246" title="1246">1246</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_della_Vigna" title="Pietro della Vigna">Pietro della Vigna</a>, Italian jurist and diplomat (d. <a href="/wiki/1249" title="1249">1249</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richer_of_Senones" title="Richer of Senones">Richer of Senones</a>, French monk and chronicler (d. <a href="/wiki/1266" title="1266">1266</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_I_of_F%C3%A9zensaguet" title="Roger I of Fézensaguet">Roger I of Fézensaguet</a>, French nobleman (d. <a href="/wiki/1245" title="1245">1245</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayf_al-Din_al-Bakharzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayf al-Din al-Bakharzi">Sayf al-Din al-Bakharzi</a>, Persian theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1261" title="1261">1261</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorghaghtani_Beki" title="Sorghaghtani Beki">Sorghaghtani Beki</a>, mother of <a href="/wiki/Kublai_Khan" title="Kublai Khan">Kublai Khan</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1252" title="1252">1252</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tbeli_Abuserisdze" title="Tbeli Abuserisdze">Tbeli Abuserisdze</a>, Georgian scholar and writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1240" title="1240">1240</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Angelina" title="Theodora Angelina">Theodora Angelina</a>, Byzantine noblewoman (d. 1246)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_Beauvais" title="Vincent of Beauvais">Vincent of Beauvais</a>, French encyclopedist (d. <a href="/wiki/1264" title="1264">1264</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Marshal,_2nd_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke">William Marshal</a>, English nobleman and knight (d. 1231)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Perault" title="William Perault">William Perault</a>, French preacher and writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1271" title="1271">1271</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Odonic" title="Władysław Odonic">Władysław Odonic</a>, duke of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Poland" title="Greater Poland">Greater Poland</a> (d. 1239)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_Haowen" title="Yuan Haowen">Yuan Haowen</a>, Chinese politician and poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1257" title="1257">1257</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulema_L%27Astr%C3%B2loga" class="mw-redirect" title="Zulema L'Astròloga">Zulema L'Astròloga</a>, Moorish astronomer (approximate date)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Margrave_of_Meissen" title="Otto II, Margrave of Meissen">Otto II</a> (<b>the Rich</b>), margrave of <a href="/wiki/Margravate_of_Meissen" title="Margravate of Meissen">Meissen</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1125" title="1125">1125</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">March 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Hainault" title="Isabella of Hainault">Isabella of Hainault</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip II</a> (<b>Augustus</b>) (b. <a href="/wiki/1170" title="1170">1170</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_23" title="March 23">March 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Saigy%C5%8D" title="Saigyō">Saigyō Hōshi</a>, Japanese monk, poet and writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1118" title="1118">1118</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_10" title="June 10">June 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick I</a> (<b>Barbarossa</b>), Holy Roman Emperor (b. <a href="/wiki/1122" title="1122">1122</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sibylla,_Queen_of_Jerusalem" title="Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem">Sibylla</a> (or <b>Sibylle</b>), queen of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1160" title="1160">1160</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maud_of_Gloucester,_Countess_of_Chester" title="Maud of Gloucester, Countess of Chester">Maud of Gloucester</a> (or <b>Matilda</b>), English countess</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">August 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Floris_III,_Count_of_Holland" title="Floris III, Count of Holland">Floris III</a>, Dutch nobleman and knight (b. <a href="/wiki/1141" title="1141">1141</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dedi_III,_Margrave_of_Lusatia" title="Dedi III, Margrave of Lusatia">Dedi III</a> (<b>the Fat</b>), German nobleman (b. <a href="/wiki/1130" title="1130">1130</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_21" title="August 21">August 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_III,_Count_of_Louvain" title="Godfrey III, Count of Louvain">Godfrey III</a>, count of <a href="/wiki/Counts_of_Louvain" title="Counts of Louvain">Louvain</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reginarids" title="Reginarids">House of Reginar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Herman_IV,_Margrave_of_Baden" title="Herman IV, Margrave of Baden">Herman IV</a>, German nobleman (b. <a href="/wiki/1135" title="1135">1135</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adelog_of_Hildesheim" title="Adelog of Hildesheim">Adelog of Hildesheim</a>, German bishop</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_16" title="October 16">October 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Landgrave_of_Thuringia" title="Louis III, Landgrave of Thuringia">Louis III</a> (<b>the Mild</b>), German nobleman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Diepold_of_Berg" title="Diepold of Berg">Diepold of Berg</a>, German bishop (b. <a href="/wiki/1140" title="1140">1140</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_19" title="November 19">November 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Baldwin_of_Forde" title="Baldwin of Forde">Baldwin of Forde</a>, English archbishop</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">November 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/D%C4%9Bpolt_II" title="Děpolt II">Děpolt II</a> (or <b>Diepold</b>), German nobleman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_II_de_Balliol" title="Bernard II de Balliol">Bernard II de Balliol</a>, Norman nobleman (approximate date)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chr%C3%A9tien_de_Troyes" title="Chrétien de Troyes">Chrétien de Troyes</a>, French poet, <a href="/wiki/Trouv%C3%A8re" title="Trouvère">trouvère</a> and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_IV_of_Joinville" title="Geoffrey IV of Joinville">Geoffrey IV</a> (<b>the Younger</b>), French nobleman and knight</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judah_ben_Saul_ibn_Tibbon" title="Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon">Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon</a>, Arab-Jewish translator (or <a href="/wiki/1191" title="1191">1191</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Komnene,_Queen_of_Hungary" title="Maria Komnene, Queen of Hungary">Maria Komnene</a>, queen of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary and Croatia</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1144" title="1144">1144</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramon_I_de_Montcada" title="Ramon I de Montcada">Ramon I de Montcada</a>, Catalan nobleman (b. <a href="/wiki/1150" title="1150">1150</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranulf_de_Glanvill" title="Ranulf de Glanvill">Ranulf de Glanvill</a>, English <a href="/wiki/Justiciar" title="Justiciar">Chief Justiciar</a> and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Beaumont,_3rd_Earl_of_Leicester" title="Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester">Robert de Beaumont</a> (<b>White-Hands</b>), English nobleman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkelin_de_Derby" title="Walkelin de Derby">Walkelin de Derby</a> (<b>de Ferrers</b>), Norman nobleman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_de_Clifford_(died_1190)" title="Walter de Clifford (died 1190)">Walter de Clifford</a> (or <b>FitzRichard</b>), English nobleman</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1190&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChoniates1984" class="citation book cs1">Choniates, Nicetas (1984). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ocitybyzantiuman00mago"><i>O city of Byzantium: annals of Niketas Choniatēs</i></a></span>. Translated by Magoulias, Harry J. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ocitybyzantiuman00mago/page/n258">224</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0814317642" title="Special:BookSources/0814317642"><bdi>0814317642</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/10605650">10605650</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=O+city+of+Byzantium%3A+annals+of+Niketas+Choniat%C4%93s&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pages=224&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F10605650&rft.isbn=0814317642&rft.aulast=Choniates&rft.aufirst=Nicetas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Focitybyzantiuman00mago&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1190" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loud, G. A. (2010). <i>The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of Emperor Frederick and Related Texts</i>, p. 104. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-75466-575-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-75466-575-5">978-0-75466-575-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alan Ambrisco (1999). <i>Cannibalism and Cultural Encounters in Richard Coeur de Lion</i>, pp. 105–106. Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kennedy, Hugh (1994). <i>Crusader Castles</i>, pp. 43–44. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-42068-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-42068-7">0-521-42068-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pryor, John H. (2015). <i>A Medieval Siege of Troy: The Fight to the Death at Acre, 1189–1191</i>, p. 108. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-47241-958-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-47241-958-3">978-1-47241-958-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loud, G. A. (2010). <i>The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of Emperor Frederick and Related Texts</i>, pp. 110–111. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-75466-575-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-75466-575-5">978-0-75466-575-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Runciman" title="Steven Runciman">Steven Runciman</a> (1952). <i>A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre</i>, pp. 13–14. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-241-29877-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-241-29877-0">978-0-241-29877-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth P. Czech. <i>Third Crusade: Siege of Acre</i>, p. 3. Originally published in August 2001. Military History Magazine.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.library.wisc.edu/History/EFacs/HistCrus/00001/0002/reference/history.crustwo.i0016.pdf">Wolff and Hazard, p. 57</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steven Runciman (1952). <i>A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre</i>, p. 33. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-241-29877-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-241-29877-0">978-0-241-29877-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steven Runciman (1952). <i>A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre</i>, pp. 34–35. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-241-29877-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-241-29877-0">978-0-241-29877-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Picard1997-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Picard1997_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPicard1997" class="citation book cs1">Picard, Christophe (1997). <i>La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle</i>. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+mer+et+les+musulmans+d%27Occident+VIIIe-XIIIe+si%C3%A8cle&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Presses+Universitaires+de+France&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Picard&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1190" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1190&oldid=1281055293">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1190&oldid=1281055293</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1190" title="Category:1190">1190</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_January_2021" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from January 2021">Articles with dead external links from January 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_February_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from February 2011">Use mdy dates from February 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 March 2025, at 00:52<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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