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(PDF) Bronze Age Hoards in Britain and Ireland
<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="ELR8MTjsGpTgQnfonP476PMrbt5fXy5SwrVXhUaG1yCBLljQ_8beczfG8VY-lFuv9StxyZONAuYibN4Ka-e7eQ" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Axes to Axes: the Chronology, Distribution and Composition of Recent Bronze Age Hoards from Britain and Northern Ireland" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2023/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Chris Griffiths" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/107975945/Axes_to_Axes_the_Chronology_Distribution_and_Composition_of_Recent_Bronze_Age_Hoards_from_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Axes to Axes: the Chronology, Distribution and Composition of Recent Bronze Age Hoards from Britain and Northern Ireland" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="This study explores the impact that recent Bronze Age hoard finds have had on our understanding of hoarding practices across Britain and Northern Ireland. Changes to the legislation of Treasure and the onset of the Portable Antiquities Scheme in" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/3061667/1006635/140218826/s200_chris.griffiths.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/107975945/Axes_to_Axes_the_Chronology_Distribution_and_Composition_of_Recent_Bronze_Age_Hoards_from_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Axes to Axes: the Chronology, Distribution and Composition of Recent Bronze Age Hoards from Britain and Northern Ireland" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="This study explores the impact that recent Bronze Age hoard finds have had on our understanding of hoarding practices across Britain and Northern Ireland. Changes to the legislation of Treasure and the onset of the Portable Antiquities Scheme in" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://reading.academia.edu/ChrisGriffiths" /> <meta name="description" content="This study explores the impact that recent Bronze Age hoard finds have had on our understanding of hoarding practices across Britain and Northern Ireland. Changes to the legislation of Treasure and the onset of the Portable Antiquities Scheme in" /> <title>(PDF) Bronze Age Hoards in Britain and Ireland</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/107975945/Axes_to_Axes_the_Chronology_Distribution_and_Composition_of_Recent_Bronze_Age_Hoards_from_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'dc2ad41da5d7ea682babd20f90650302fb0a3a36'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739719940000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739719940000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"This study explores the impact that recent Bronze Age hoard finds have had on our understanding of hoarding practices across Britain and Northern Ireland. Changes to the legislation of Treasure and the onset of the Portable Antiquities Scheme in England and Wales have produced a wealth of new information on Bronze Age hoards. Beyond a handful of studies which have focused on specific groups of hoards or the distinction between dryland/ wetland deposition, however, many of these more recent finds have been overlooked. Our regional understanding of hoarding practices across Britain is also largely based on studies which are now significantly out of date. This paper aims to address this problem by providing a snapshot of hoards and hoarding practices, based on a substantial dataset of 385 hoards (containing 7210 objects) that were reported on between 1997 and 2021. Broad chronological and spatial trends in the distribution are highlighted, with precedence given to characterising these enigmatic deposits based on their size and the categories of objects within them. This investigation provides fresh insights into the selection of certain object groupsparticularly axesduring certain periods and within specific regions, whilst also exploring ideas so that we might better understand the scale of metalwork deposition. This research not only demonstrates how recent hoard finds fit into traditional narratives but also how they have the potential to enhance our understanding of regional hoarding practices, offering new and exciting avenues for future research.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Chris Griffiths","url":"https://reading.academia.edu/ChrisGriffiths"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-10-11","datePublished":"2023-01-01","headline":"Axes to Axes: the Chronology, Distribution and Composition of Recent Bronze Age Hoards from Britain and Northern Ireland","identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"DOI","value":"10.1017/ppr.2023.8"},"image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106486361/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Metalwork (Archaeology)","Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)","Late Bronze Age archaeology","Bronze Age (Archaeology)","Early Bronze Age (Archaeology)","Middle Bronze Age","Early Bronze Age","Hoards","Late Bronze 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window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":106486361,"identifier":"Attachment_106486361","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":107975945,"created_at":"2023-10-11T03:52:51.518-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2025-02-03T11:40:36.105-08:00","_data":{"doi":"10.1017/ppr.2023.8","abstract":"This study explores the impact that recent Bronze Age hoard finds have had on our understanding of hoarding practices across Britain and Northern Ireland. Changes to the legislation of Treasure and the onset of the Portable Antiquities Scheme in England and Wales have produced a wealth of new information on Bronze Age hoards. Beyond a handful of studies which have focused on specific groups of hoards or the distinction between dryland/ wetland deposition, however, many of these more recent finds have been overlooked. Our regional understanding of hoarding practices across Britain is also largely based on studies which are now significantly out of date. This paper aims to address this problem by providing a snapshot of hoards and hoarding practices, based on a substantial dataset of 385 hoards (containing 7210 objects) that were reported on between 1997 and 2021. Broad chronological and spatial trends in the distribution are highlighted, with precedence given to characterising these enigmatic deposits based on their size and the categories of objects within them. This investigation provides fresh insights into the selection of certain object groupsparticularly axesduring certain periods and within specific regions, whilst also exploring ideas so that we might better understand the scale of metalwork deposition. This research not only demonstrates how recent hoard finds fit into traditional narratives but also how they have the potential to enhance our understanding of regional hoarding practices, offering new and exciting avenues for future research.","ai_title_tag":"Bronze Age Hoards in Britain and Ireland","publication_date":"2023,,","publication_name":"Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Axes to Axes: the Chronology, Distribution and Composition of Recent Bronze Age Hoards from Britain and Northern Ireland","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [3061667]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":106486361,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Axes to Axes: the Chronology, Distribution and Composition of Recent Bronze Age Hoards from Britain and Northern Ireland”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/106486361/mini_magick20231011-1-ssubqe.png?1697021413" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Axes to Axes: the Chronology, Distribution and Composition of Recent Bronze Age Hoards from Britain and Northern Ireland</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3061667" href="https://reading.academia.edu/ChrisGriffiths"><img alt="Profile image of Chris Griffiths" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3061667/1006635/140218826/s65_chris.griffiths.jpg" />Chris Griffiths</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2023, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2023.8" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2023.8</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">27 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 107975945; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=107975945"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This study explores the impact that recent Bronze Age hoard finds have had on our understanding of hoarding practices across Britain and Northern Ireland. Changes to the legislation of Treasure and the onset of the Portable Antiquities Scheme in England and Wales have produced a wealth of new information on Bronze Age hoards. Beyond a handful of studies which have focused on specific groups of hoards or the distinction between dryland/ wetland deposition, however, many of these more recent finds have been overlooked. Our regional understanding of hoarding practices across Britain is also largely based on studies which are now significantly out of date. This paper aims to address this problem by providing a snapshot of hoards and hoarding practices, based on a substantial dataset of 385 hoards (containing 7210 objects) that were reported on between 1997 and 2021. Broad chronological and spatial trends in the distribution are highlighted, with precedence given to characterising these enigmatic deposits based on their size and the categories of objects within them. This investigation provides fresh insights into the selection of certain object groupsparticularly axesduring certain periods and within specific regions, whilst also exploring ideas so that we might better understand the scale of metalwork deposition. This research not only demonstrates how recent hoard finds fit into traditional narratives but also how they have the potential to enhance our understanding of regional hoarding practices, offering new and exciting avenues for future research.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":106486361,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/107975945/Axes_to_Axes_the_Chronology_Distribution_and_Composition_of_Recent_Bronze_Age_Hoards_from_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":106486361,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/107975945/Axes_to_Axes_the_Chronology_Distribution_and_Composition_of_Recent_Bronze_Age_Hoards_from_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-premium-marketing"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-premium-marketing"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="premium-banner-content"><div class="left"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><span>Get access to the world's latest research</span></div><div class="right"><div class="card free"><div class="header">Free</div><div class="feature-list"><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Download one paper at a time</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to bookmarks</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Basic search</span></div></div><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--small ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"premium-banner-desktop-free"}">Sign up for free</button></div><div class="card premium"><div class="pill">Recommended</div><div class="header premium">Premium</div><div class="feature-list"><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get highly curated PDF packages</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact with Mentions</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Access advanced search filters</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Support Academia’s mission</span></div><div class="feature"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">check</span><span>Create your personal website</span></div></div><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--small ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"premium-banner-desktop-upgrade","submitText":"Try Premium for $1"}">Try Premium for $1</button></div></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Assessing Bronze Age ‘multi-period’ hoards from northern England, Scotland and Wales</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5935311" href="https://nms.academia.edu/MatthewKnight">Matthew Knight</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Objects of the Past in the Past. Investigating the significance of earlier artefacts in later contexts, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The deposition of earlier Bronze Age objects in Late Bronze Age contexts has been recently recognised and recorded for southern England, but the phenomenon is not confined to that region. This paper expands the corpus of such hoards by including a further 11 case studies from northern England, Scotland and Wales. Some associations represent heavily-used or worn material that had been in extended circulation. Other associations contribute to better understanding the prolonged typologies of certain objects and the importance of certain places in the Bronze Age landscape. Overall, this paper suggests we should consider the possibility that some multi-period hoards are genuine, rather than doubtful, associations.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Doubtful associations? Assessing Bronze Age ‘multi-period’ hoards from northern England, Scotland and Wales","attachmentId":60168810,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39977792/Doubtful_associations_Assessing_Bronze_Age_multi_period_hoards_from_northern_England_Scotland_and_Wales","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/39977792/Doubtful_associations_Assessing_Bronze_Age_multi_period_hoards_from_northern_England_Scotland_and_Wales"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="8906489" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8906489/The_deposition_and_hoarding_of_non_precious_metals_in_early_medieval_Britain">The deposition and hoarding of non-precious metals in early medieval Britain</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="123150" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/JohnNaylor">John Naylor</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Hoarding and the Deposition of Metalwork from the Bronze Age to the 20th Century: a British Perspective</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The deposition and hoarding of non-precious metals in early medieval Britain","attachmentId":43357834,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8906489/The_deposition_and_hoarding_of_non_precious_metals_in_early_medieval_Britain","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8906489/The_deposition_and_hoarding_of_non_precious_metals_in_early_medieval_Britain"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="39995218" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39995218/Connecting_with_the_past_Earliest_Iron_Age_multi_period_hoards_in_Wessex">Connecting with the past: Earliest Iron Age multi-period hoards in Wessex</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4550764" href="https://infomedicahn.academia.edu/DotBoughton">Dot Boughton</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Past in the Past, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Salisbury Hoard is a collection of at least 535 artefacts dated from 2400–200 BC. 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These hoards were either found and reburied in the Iron Age or a large portion of Iron Age material was added to an already existing and known multi-period deposit. 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Grave goods, hoards and deposits ‘in between’","attachmentId":69466729,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51998564/Spectrums_of_depositional_practice_in_later_prehistoric_Britain_and_beyond_Grave_goods_hoards_and_deposits_in_between_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51998564/Spectrums_of_depositional_practice_in_later_prehistoric_Britain_and_beyond_Grave_goods_hoards_and_deposits_in_between_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="43584345" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43584345/The_diversity_of_Bronze_Age_hoards_in_Europe_some_thoughts_about_a_social_practice_and_its_variations">The diversity of Bronze Age hoards in Europe: some thoughts about a social practice and its variations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1190186" href="https://mcah.academia.edu/H%C3%A9l%C3%A8neBlitte">Hélène Blitte</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Chasing Bronze Age rainbows Studies on hoards and related phenomena in prehistoric Europe in honour of Wojciech Blajer , 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Thousands of Bronze Age hoards have been discovered all around Europe, showing a high variability in space and time. A visible differentiation in the content of the hoards expresses probably different depositaries and may provide some clues about the distribution of wealth – in this case bronze objects – within the society. Statistics, spatial analysis and ethnological examples provide facts that allow us to interpret this phenomenon in social and eventually economic terms.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The diversity of Bronze Age hoards in Europe: some thoughts about a social practice and its variations","attachmentId":63889500,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43584345/The_diversity_of_Bronze_Age_hoards_in_Europe_some_thoughts_about_a_social_practice_and_its_variations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43584345/The_diversity_of_Bronze_Age_hoards_in_Europe_some_thoughts_about_a_social_practice_and_its_variations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="44587605" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44587605/Poolewe_The_last_Bronze_Age_hoard_in_Scotland">Poolewe: The last Bronze Age hoard in Scotland?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4550764" href="https://infomedicahn.academia.edu/DotBoughton">Dot Boughton</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5935311" href="https://nms.academia.edu/MatthewKnight">Matthew Knight</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="89767025" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NorthoverP">Peter Northover</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archaeological Journal, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In 1877, a hoard of nine copper alloy objects was recovered from a peat bog at Poolewe, Scotland, including axeheads, rings and an ornament. For the first time since its discovery, this article publishes the hoard in its entirety, including an assessment of typological features, full illustration and metallurgical analysis. Components of the hoard are characteristic of the British Llyn Fawr / Earliest Iron Age period (800–600 BC) suggesting the date of deposition, which is confirmed by a radiocarbon date from the wooden haft of an axehead. However, set in the broader context of Scotland and Britain during this period, it is suggested that this hoard in fact represents the last vestiges of the Late Bronze Age hoarding practice in Scotland.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Poolewe: The last Bronze Age hoard in Scotland?","attachmentId":65045500,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44587605/Poolewe_The_last_Bronze_Age_hoard_in_Scotland","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44587605/Poolewe_The_last_Bronze_Age_hoard_in_Scotland"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="123469990" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/123469990/Retrievable_and_irretrievable_hoards_two_case_studies_from_the_Late_Bronze_Age">Retrievable and irretrievable hoards: two case studies from the Late Bronze Age</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3438757" href="https://nms-si.academia.edu/PeterTurk">Peter Turk</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">West & East, Monografie 5, 2024</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Apart from some exceptional bronze items, assemblages that confirm the irretrievability of the objects due to specific site circumstances (e.g. deep abysses), little remains to substantiate the unequivocal irretrievability of the deposited objects for the vast majority of the Bronze Age hoards. If we are to understand Bronze Age hoards as votive offerings, then their supposed irretrievability should be taken for granted. Can we therefore obtain some indirect confirmation of their irretrievability? Some characteristics of the Late Bronze Age hoards from the south-eastern Alpine region attest to their irretrievability indirectly (e.g. particularities of their stratigraphy, their structured composition). The case of recently acquired hoards and single finds from the Bled vicinity in the Slovene Alpine area is presented with regard to their extraordinary density and the presence of two golden appliqués. Another Late Bronze Age settlement hoard from Dragomelj in central Slovenia is presented with regard to its internal organisation. The correlation between the stratigraphic position of objects in the hoard and the degree of their fragmentation lead to the conclusion that the objects were taken out of the hoard and were redeposited in it. The irretrievability of the deposited objects is therefore far from certain.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Retrievable and irretrievable hoards: two case studies from the Late Bronze Age","attachmentId":117892887,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123469990/Retrievable_and_irretrievable_hoards_two_case_studies_from_the_Late_Bronze_Age","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/123469990/Retrievable_and_irretrievable_hoards_two_case_studies_from_the_Late_Bronze_Age"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="5138075" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5138075/The_Identification_of_a_Later_Bronze_Age_Hoard_at_Barway_and_consideration_of_the_association_between_metalwork_and_causeways">The Identification of a Later Bronze Age Hoard at Barway, and consideration of the association between metalwork and causeways</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6711338" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/DavidBarrowclough">David Barrowclough</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society 2013, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A metalwork hoard dated to the Wilburton phase of the later Bronze Age, found at Barway close to the Isle of Ely in the Cambridgeshire Fens, is reported. Consideration of the hoard, in the context of later prehistoric hoarding in the local landscape, reveals that particular sorts of artefacts were associated with particular places in the landscape. In particular a strong association between later Bronze Age hoards and causeways connecting the Isle of Ely to the outside world is identified, and an interpretation suggested. This study demonstrates the potential of a detailed contextual approach for providing a more nuanced understanding of later Bronze Age metalwork deposition that moves away from a simplistic wet-dry dichotomy.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Identification of a Later Bronze Age Hoard at Barway, and consideration of the association between metalwork and causeways","attachmentId":34163620,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5138075/The_Identification_of_a_Later_Bronze_Age_Hoard_at_Barway_and_consideration_of_the_association_between_metalwork_and_causeways","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5138075/The_Identification_of_a_Later_Bronze_Age_Hoard_at_Barway_and_consideration_of_the_association_between_metalwork_and_causeways"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="43994315" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43994315/45_CURRENT_RESEARCH_ON_BRONZE_AND_IRON_AGES_HOARDS">45 CURRENT RESEARCH ON BRONZE AND IRON AGES HOARDS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2703360" href="https://torun-pl.academia.edu/KamilNowak">Kamil Nowak</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23912888" href="https://umcs-pl.academia.edu/MarcinMaciejewski">Marcin Maciejewski</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"45 CURRENT RESEARCH ON BRONZE AND IRON AGES HOARDS","attachmentId":64326095,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43994315/45_CURRENT_RESEARCH_ON_BRONZE_AND_IRON_AGES_HOARDS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43994315/45_CURRENT_RESEARCH_ON_BRONZE_AND_IRON_AGES_HOARDS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="100730060" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100730060/The_ALBIMEH_Project_Atlantic_Late_Bronze_Age_Metal_Hoards_Compared">The ALBIMEH Project – Atlantic Late Bronze Age Metal Hoards Compared</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2575152" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/MarcosMartinonTorres">Marcos Martinon-Torres</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archaeology International, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The ALBIMEH Project – Atlantic Late Bronze Age Metal Hoards Compared","attachmentId":101469700,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100730060/The_ALBIMEH_Project_Atlantic_Late_Bronze_Age_Metal_Hoards_Compared","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/100730060/The_ALBIMEH_Project_Atlantic_Late_Bronze_Age_Metal_Hoards_Compared"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" 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You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="934381" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/934381/The_collection_of_Early_and_Middle_Bronze_Age_material_culture_in_south_east_Ireland">The collection of Early and Middle Bronze Age material culture in south-east Ireland</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="688358" href="https://ucd.academia.edu/CharlesMount">Charles Mount</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: …, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The collection of Early and Middle Bronze Age material culture in south-east Ireland","attachmentId":5697044,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/934381/The_collection_of_Early_and_Middle_Bronze_Age_material_culture_in_south_east_Ireland","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/934381/The_collection_of_Early_and_Middle_Bronze_Age_material_culture_in_south_east_Ireland"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="33259840" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33259840/Hoards_from_the_Neolithic_to_the_Metal_Ages_Technical_and_codified_practices_Session_of_the_XIth_Annual_Meeting_of_the_European_Association_of_Archaeologists_Edited_by">Hoards from the Neolithic to the Metal Ages Technical and codified practices Session of the XIth Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists Edited by</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33394078" href="https://inrap.academia.edu/VeberCecile">Veber Cecile</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/33259840/Hoards_from_the_Neolithic_to_the_Metal_Ages_Technical_and_codified_practices_Session_of_the_XIth_Annual_Meeting_of_the_European_Association_of_Archaeologists_Edited_by"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="86160981" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/86160981/Hoards_from_the_Neolithic_to_the_Metal_Ages_Technical_and_codified_practices_Session_of_the_XIth_Annual_Meeting_of_the_European_Association_of_Archaeologists">Hoards from the Neolithic to the Metal Ages: Technical and codified practices. Session of the XIth Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1302667" href="https://culturecommunication-fr.academia.edu/B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dicteQUILLIEC">Bénédicte QUILLIEC</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hoards from the Neolithic to the Metal Ages: Technical and codified practices. 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UNDERSTANDING MASSIVE METALWORK DEPOSITION AT LANGTON MATRAVERS, DORSET DURING THE BRONZE AGE–IRON AGE TRANSITION</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4550764" href="https://infomedicahn.academia.edu/DotBoughton">Dot Boughton</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"COLLAPSING COMMODITIES OR LAVISH OFFERINGS? 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Hurst, in Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 79 (2013), pp.297-325. </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="276894" href="https://english-heritage.academia.edu/IanLeins">Ian Leins</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"'The Pershore Hoards and votive deposition in the Iron Age', with D. Hurst, in Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 79 (2013), pp.297-325. 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Borgna (ed.), Nature and function of bronze deposition between Europe and the Mediterranean: Hoards of the Late Bronze Age. West & East Monografie, 5. Trieste 2024, 19-40, 2024</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Scrap hoards of the Late Bronze Age","attachmentId":118102911,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123741630/Scrap_hoards_of_the_Late_Bronze_Age","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/123741630/Scrap_hoards_of_the_Late_Bronze_Age"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="12" data-entity-id="125418754" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125418754/Lane_D_2024_Technology_and_Risk_Bronze_Age_Hoards_as_a_form_of_Risk_Management_%C5%A0tudijn%C3%A9_Zvesti_71_1_89_113">Lane, D. 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