CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Mandarin orange - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"77ddaf3a-d947-43c1-8ec7-cd71649b6efd","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Mandarin_orange","wgTitle":"Mandarin orange","wgCurRevisionId":1259827244,"wgRevisionId":1259827244,"wgArticleId":191214,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use American English from April 2024","All Wikipedia articles written in American English","Articles with 'species' microformats","Commons link is on Wikidata","Taxonbars with 25–29 taxon IDs","Citrus","Fruits originating in Asia","Christmas food","Sinterklaas food","Fruit trees","Flora of China","Flora of Japan","Flora of Vietnam"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Mandarin_orange","wgRelevantArticleId":191214,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q125337","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness", "fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP", "ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG/1200px-Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG/800px-Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1067"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG/640px-Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Mandarin orange - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_orange"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_orange"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mandarin_orange rootpage-Mandarin_orange skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mandarin+orange" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mandarin+orange" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mandarin+orange" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mandarin+orange" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Description-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Description subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fruit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fruit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Fruit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fruit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Evolution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Evolution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Domestication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nutrition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nutrition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Nutrition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nutrition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culinary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Culinary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cultural significance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mandarin orange</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 105 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-105" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">105 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandaryn" title="Mandaryn – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mandaryn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A_(%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%87%D8%A9)" title="يوسفي (فاكهة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوسفي (فاكهة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6_(%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B2)" title="Մանտարին (պտուղ) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մանտարին (պտուղ)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wamin_ka_osawocaketc" title="Wamin ka osawocaketc – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Wamin ka osawocaketc" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naringi" title="Naringi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Naringi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="نارینگی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نارینگی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumaga" title="Sumaga – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Sumaga" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81" title="কমলা লেবু – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কমলা লেবু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kam-%C3%A1" title="Kam-á – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kam-á" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Мандарын – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мандарын" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Мандарын – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мандарын" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мандарина – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мандарина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9A%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="རྒྱ་ནག་ཚ་ལུ་མ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རྒྱ་ནག་ཚ་ལུ་མ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarina" title="Mandarina – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mandarina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandariner" title="Mandariner – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mandariner" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" title="Citrus reticulata – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Citrus reticulata" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinka_obecn%C3%A1" title="Mandarinka obecná – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mandarinka obecná" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oren_Mandarin" title="Oren Mandarin – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Oren Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(Citrus_reticulata)" title="Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mandarin (Citrus reticulata)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarine" title="Mandarine – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mandarine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%94%DE%AB%DE%90%DE%AA%DE%8A%DE%B0_%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%8A%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%8B%DE%A9" title="ޔޫސުފް އަފަންދީ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޔޫސުފް އަފަންދީ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinowy_bom" title="Mandarinowy bom – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Mandarinowy bom" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harilik_mandariinipuu" title="Harilik mandariinipuu – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Harilik mandariinipuu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B9" title="Μανταρίνι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μανταρίνι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" title="Citrus reticulata – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Citrus reticulata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinujo" title="Mandarinujo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mandarinujo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinondo" title="Mandarinondo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mandarinondo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پرتقال ماندارین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرتقال ماندارین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinier" title="Mandarinier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mandarinier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandair%C3%ADn" title="Mandairín – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mandairín" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarineira" title="Mandarineira – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mandarineira" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit-%C3%A9" title="Kit-é – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kit-é" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%90%EA%B7%A4%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4" title="감귤나무 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="감귤나무" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Մանդարին – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մանդարին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinowc" title="Mandarinowc – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mandarinowc" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarina" title="Mandarina – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mandarina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limu" title="Limu – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Limu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeruk_keprok" title="Jeruk keprok – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jeruk keprok" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C3%ADna" title="Mandarína – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mandarína" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" title="Citrus reticulata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Citrus reticulata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="מנדרינה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנדרינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalangita" title="Dalangita – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Dalangita" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მანდარინი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მანდარინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarine" title="Mandarine – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Mandarine" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenza" title="Chenza – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Chenza" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" title="Citrus reticulata – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Citrus reticulata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C4%ABns" title="Mandarīns – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mandarīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarininis_citrinmedis" title="Mandarininis citrinmedis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mandarininis citrinmedis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(gy%C3%BCm%C3%B6lcs)" title="Mandarin (gyümölcs) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mandarin (gyümölcs)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jherruk_keppro%27" title="Jherruk keppro' – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Jherruk keppro'" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мандарина – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мандарина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D" title="മന്ദാരിൻ ഓറഞ്ച് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മന്ദാരിൻ ഓറഞ്ച്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მანდარინი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მანდარინი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%89_(%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="اليوسفى (نوع من الحمضيات) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليوسفى (نوع من الحمضيات)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limau_mandarin" title="Limau mandarin – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Limau mandarin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9k" title="Gék – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gék" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangerina" title="Tangerina – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Tangerina" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarijn_(vrucht)" title="Mandarijn (vrucht) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mandarijn (vrucht)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="सुन्तला – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सुन्तला" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8" title="マンダリンオレンジ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マンダリンオレンジ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandariin" title="Mandariin – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mandariin" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(frukt)" title="Mandarin (frukt) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mandarin (frukt)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarynka_(ro%C5%9Blina)" title="Mandarynka (roślina) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mandarynka (roślina)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangerina" title="Tangerina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tangerina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tansarina" title="Tansarina – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tansarina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinu" title="Mandarinu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Mandarinu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_oranger" title="Mandarin oranger – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mandarin oranger" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudu" title="Mudu – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Mudu" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarina" title="Mandarina – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mandarina" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mandarin orange" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C3%ADnkovn%C3%ADk" title="Mandarínkovník – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mandarínkovník" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarina" title="Mandarina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mandarina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мандарина – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мандарина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarina" title="Mandarina – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mandarina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeruk_Keprok" title="Jeruk Keprok – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Jeruk Keprok" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandariini" title="Mandariini – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mandariini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%A5citrus" title="Småcitrus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Småcitrus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalanghita" title="Dalanghita – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dalanghita" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மெண்டரின் தோடம்பழம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெண்டரின் தோடம்பழம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="కమలాపండు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కమలాపండు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ส้มแมนดาริน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ส้มแมนดาริน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandalina" title="Mandalina – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mandalina" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%86" title="ماندارىن – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ماندارىن" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" title="Citrus reticulata – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Citrus reticulata" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%BDt" title="Quýt – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quýt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" title="Citrus reticulata – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Citrus reticulata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A9%98" title="橘 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="橘" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A1%94" title="桔 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="桔" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C4%97ns" title="Mandarėns – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mandarėns" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A9%98" title="橘 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="橘" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q125337#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Mandarin_orange" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mandarin_orange" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Mandarin_orange" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&oldid=1259827244" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Mandarin_orange&id=1259827244&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMandarin_orange"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMandarin_orange"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mandarin_orange&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q125337" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Small citrus fruit</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Mandarin orange </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG/220px-Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG/330px-Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG/440px-Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Citrus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapindales" title="Sapindales">Sapindales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rutaceae" title="Rutaceae">Rutaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus"><i>Citrus</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>C. reticulata</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Citrus reticulata</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Manuel_Blanco" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Manuel Blanco">Blanco</a>, 1837</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>A <b>mandarin orange</b> (<i><b>Citrus reticulata</b></i>), often simply called <b>mandarin</b>, is a small, rounded <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> tree <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruit</a>. Treated as a distinct species of <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">orange</a>, it is usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. The mandarin is small and oblate, unlike the roughly spherical <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">sweet orange</a> (which is a mandarin-<a href="/wiki/Pomelo" title="Pomelo">pomelo</a> <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybrid</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Taste" title="Taste">taste</a> is sweeter and stronger than the common orange. A ripe mandarin orange is firm to slightly soft, heavy for its size, and pebbly-skinned. The peel is thin and loose, with little white <a href="/wiki/Mesocarp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesocarp">mesocarp</a>, so they are usually easier to peel and to split into segments. Hybrids have these traits to lesser degrees. The mandarin orange is tender and is damaged easily by cold. It can be grown in tropical and subtropical areas. </p><p>According to genetic studies, the wild mandarin was one of the <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy#Ancestral_species" title="Citrus taxonomy">original citrus species</a>; through breeding or natural hybridization, it is the ancestor of many <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy#Hybrids" title="Citrus taxonomy">hybrid citrus</a> cultivars. With the <a href="/wiki/Citron" title="Citron">citron</a> and pomelo, it is the ancestor of the most commercially important hybrids (such as sweet and sour oranges, grapefruit, and many lemons and limes). Though the ancestral mandarin orange was bitter, most commercial mandarin strains derive from hybridization with the pomelo, which gives them sweet fruit. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>mandarin orange</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Calque" title="Calque">calque</a> of Swedish <i>mandarin apelsin</i> [<i>apelsin</i> from German <i>Apfelsine</i> (<i>Apfel</i> + <i><a href="/wiki/Names_of_china" class="mw-redirect" title="Names of china">Sina</a></i>), meaning <i>Chinese apple</i>], first attested in the 18th century. The Imperial Chinese term "mandarine" was first adopted by the <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> for this fruit. The reason for the epithet is not clear.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Citrus reticulata</i> is from Latin, where reticulata means "netted".<sup id="cite_ref-mbg_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mbg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tree">Tree</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mandarinier_Gortyne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mandarinier_Gortyne.jpg/220px-Mandarinier_Gortyne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mandarinier_Gortyne.jpg/330px-Mandarinier_Gortyne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mandarinier_Gortyne.jpg/440px-Mandarinier_Gortyne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="3330" /></a><figcaption>Fruiting mandarin tree in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> </figcaption></figure> <p><i>Citrus reticulata</i> is a moderate-sized tree some 7.6 metres (25 ft) in height.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mbg_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mbg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tree trunk and major branches have thorns.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leaves are shiny, green, and rather small.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Petiole_(botany)" title="Petiole (botany)">petioles</a> are short, almost wingless or slightly winged.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The flowers are borne singly or in small groups in the leaf-axils.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citrus are usually <a href="/wiki/Self-fertile" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-fertile">self-fertile</a> (needing only a <a href="/wiki/Bee" title="Bee">bee</a> to move <a href="/wiki/Pollen" title="Pollen">pollen</a> within the same flower) or <a href="/wiki/Parthenocarpic" class="mw-redirect" title="Parthenocarpic">parthenocarpic</a> (not needing <a href="/wiki/Pollination" title="Pollination">pollination</a> and therefore seedless, such as the <a href="/wiki/Satsuma_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsuma (fruit)">satsuma</a>). A mature mandarin tree can yield up to 79 kilograms (175 lb) of fruit.<sup id="cite_ref-ucr_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucr-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fruit">Fruit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fruit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mandarin_oranges_in_mesh_bag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mandarin_oranges_in_mesh_bag.jpg/220px-Mandarin_oranges_in_mesh_bag.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mandarin_oranges_in_mesh_bag.jpg/330px-Mandarin_oranges_in_mesh_bag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mandarin_oranges_in_mesh_bag.jpg/440px-Mandarin_oranges_in_mesh_bag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Mandarin oranges in a mesh bag</figcaption></figure> <p>Mandarin orange fruits are small 40–80 millimetres (1.6–3.1 in).<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their color is <a href="/wiki/Orange_(colour)" title="Orange (colour)">orange</a>, yellow-orange, or red-orange.<sup id="cite_ref-karp_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-karp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The skin is thin and peels off easily.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their easiness to peel is an important advantage of mandarin oranges over other citrus fruits.<sup id="cite_ref-karp_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-karp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just like with other citrus fruits, mandarin is separated easily from the segments.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fruits may be <a href="/wiki/Seedless" class="mw-redirect" title="Seedless">seedless</a> or contain a small number of <a href="/wiki/Seed" title="Seed">seeds</a>. Though the ancestral mandarin orange was bitter, most commercial mandarin strains derive from hybridization with pomelo, which gives them sweet fruit.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can be eaten as whole or squeezed to make <a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">juice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-karp_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-karp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A ripe mandarin orange is firm to slightly soft, heavy for its size, and pebbly-skinned. The peel is thin and loose, with little white <a href="/wiki/Mesocarp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesocarp">mesocarp</a>, so they are easy to peel and to split into segments.<sup id="cite_ref-latimes_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Citrus taxonomy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange_varieties" title="Mandarin orange varieties">Mandarin orange varieties</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hybrid_origins_of_Citrus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Hybrid_origins_of_Citrus.svg/660px-Hybrid_origins_of_Citrus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="660" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Hybrid_origins_of_Citrus.svg/990px-Hybrid_origins_of_Citrus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Hybrid_origins_of_Citrus.svg/1320px-Hybrid_origins_of_Citrus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Many <i>Citrus</i> species are <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybrids</a> of mandarin and either <a href="/wiki/Citron" title="Citron">citron</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pomelo" title="Pomelo">pomelo</a>. Some mandarins are the original wild species, but most are hybrids.<sup id="cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The wild mandarin is one of the pure ancestral citrus <a href="/wiki/Taxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxa">taxa</a>; they evolved in a restricted region of <a href="/wiki/South_China" title="South China">South China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fuller_Castillo_2017_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fuller_Castillo_2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Curk_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curk-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wang_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestication">Domestication</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Domestication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mandarins appear to have been domesticated at least twice, in the north and south <a href="/wiki/Nanling_Mountains" title="Nanling Mountains">Nanling Mountains</a>, derived from separate wild subspecies. Wild mandarins are still found there, including Daoxian mandarines (sometimes given the species name <i>Citrus daoxianensis</i>) as well as some members of the group traditionally called 'Mangshan wild mandarins', a generic grouping for the wild mandarin-like fruit of the Mangshan area that includes both true mandarins (<i>mangshanyeju</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Wu2021_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu2021-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the southern subspecies) and the genetically distinct and only distantly-related <a href="/wiki/Mangshanyegan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangshanyegan">Mangshanyegan</a>. The wild mandarins were found free of the introgressed pomelo (<i>C. maxima</i>) DNA found in domestic mandarins. Still, they did appear to have small amounts (~1.8%) of introgression from the <a href="/wiki/Citrus_ichangensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus ichangensis">ichang papeda</a>, which grows wild in the same region.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2018_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nanling Mountains are home to northern and southern genetic clusters of domestic mandarins that have similar levels of sugars in the fruit compared to their wild relatives but appreciably (in some almost 90-fold) lower levels of citric acid. The clusters display different patterns of pomelo introgression, have different deduced historical population histories, and are most closely related to distinct wild mandarins, suggesting two independent domestications in the north and south.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2018_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All tested domesticated cultivars belong to one of these two genetic clusters, with varieties such as Nanfengmiju, Kishu and Satsuma from the northern domestication event producing larger, redder fruit, while varieties such as Willowleaf, Dancy, Sunki, Cleopatra, King, and Ponkan belong to the smaller, yellower-fruited southern cluster.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2018_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Tanaka classification system</a> divided domestic mandarins and similar fruit into numerous species, giving distinct names to cultivars such as willowleaf mandarins (<i>C. deliciosa</i>), <a href="/wiki/Satsuma_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsuma (fruit)">satsumas</a> (<i>C. unshiu</i>), <a href="/wiki/Tangerines" class="mw-redirect" title="Tangerines">tangerines</a> (<i>C. tangerina</i>). Under the <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Swingle system</a>, all these are considered to be varieties of a single species, <i>Citrus reticulata</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-identification_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-identification-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hodgson represented them as several subgroups: common (<i>C. reticulata</i>), Satsuma, <a href="/wiki/Citrus_nobilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus nobilis">King</a> (<i>C. nobilis</i>), Mediterranean (willowleaf), small-fruited (<i>C. indica</i>, <i>C. tachibana</i> and <i>C. reshni</i>), and mandarin hybrids.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the genomic-based species taxonomy of Ollitrault et al., only pure wild type mandarins would fall under <i>C. reticulata</i>, while the pomelo admixture found in the majority of mandarins would cause them to be classified as varieties of the hybrid bitter orange, <i>C. aurantium</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Genetic analysis is consistent with continental mandarins representing a single species, varying due to hybridization.<sup id="cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An island species, <i><a href="/wiki/Citrus_ryukyuensis" title="Citrus ryukyuensis">Citrus ryukyuensis</a></i> that diverged 2 to 3 million years ago when cut off by rising sea levels, was found on<a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Island" title="Okinawa Island">Okinawa Island</a>. Its hybridization with the mainland species has produced unique island cultivars in Japan and Taiwan, such as the <a href="/wiki/Tachibana_orange" title="Tachibana orange">Tachibana orange</a><sup id="cite_ref-Wu2021_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu2021-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Shekwasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Shekwasha">Shekwasha</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Wu2021_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu2021-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Nanfengmiju" title="Nanfengmiju">Nanfengmiju</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have some pomelo DNA, like all domesticated mandarins.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2018_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Northern and southern domesticates contain different pomelo contributions.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2018_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An 'acidic' group including Sunki and <a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_mandarin" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleopatra mandarin">Cleopatra mandarins</a> likewise contain small regions of <a href="/wiki/Introgression" title="Introgression">introgressed</a> pomelo DNA; they are too sour to eat, but are widely used as rootstock and grown for juice.<sup id="cite_ref-identification_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-identification-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another group, including some tangerines, satsuma and king mandarins, show more pomelo contribution.<sup id="cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hybrid mandarins thus fall on a continuum of increasing pomelo contribution with clementines, sweet and sour oranges, and grapefruit.<sup id="cite_ref-Curk_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curk-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2022, world production of mandarin oranges (combined with tangerines, clementines, and satsumas in reporting to <a href="/wiki/FAOSTAT" class="mw-redirect" title="FAOSTAT">FAOSTAT</a>) was 44.2 million <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonnes</a>, led by China with 61% of the global total.<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spain produced 1.8 million tonnes in 2022, with <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> as other significant producers.<sup id="cite_ref-faostat_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faostat-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nutrition">Nutrition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Nutrition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowrap"><caption class="infobox-title" style="white-space:normal; padding-bottom:0.15em;">Mandarin oranges, raw</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mandarins_-_whole_and_halved.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Mandarins_-_whole_and_halved.jpg/235px-Mandarins_-_whole_and_halved.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Mandarins_-_whole_and_halved.jpg/353px-Mandarins_-_whole_and_halved.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Mandarins_-_whole_and_halved.jpg/470px-Mandarins_-_whole_and_halved.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5400" data-file-height="3600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Food_energy" title="Food energy">Energy</a></th><td class="infobox-data">223 kJ (53 kcal)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Carbohydrate" title="Carbohydrate">Carbohydrates</a></b></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;">13.34 g</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">Sugars</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;">10.58 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Dietary_fiber" title="Dietary fiber">Dietary fibre</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;">1.8 g</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Fat" title="Fat">Fat</a></b></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;">0.31 g</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Protein_(nutrient)" title="Protein (nutrient)">Protein</a></b></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="position:relative;left:-0.65em;">0.81 g</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; ;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Vitamins and minerals</div></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><b style="margin-left:-0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Vitamin" title="Vitamin">Vitamins</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><b>Quantity</b> <div style="float: right;"><abbr title="Percentage of Daily Value"><b>%DV</b></abbr><sup>†</sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">Vitamin A equiv.</a><div style="padding-left:0.65em;padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Beta-Carotene" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-Carotene">beta-Carotene</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">4%</div> 34 μg<div style="padding-left:0.65em;padding-top:0.25em;"><div style="float: right;">1%</div>155 μg</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Thiamine" title="Thiamine">Thiamine (B<span style="position: relative; top: 0.35em;">1</span>)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">5%</div> 0.058 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin">Riboflavin (B<span style="position: relative; top: 0.35em;">2</span>)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">3%</div> 0.036 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Niacin_(nutrient)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niacin (nutrient)">Niacin (B<span style="position: relative; top: 0.35em;">3</span>)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">2%</div> 0.376 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Pantothenic_acid" title="Pantothenic acid">Pantothenic acid (B<span style="position: relative; top: 0.35em;">5</span>)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">4%</div> 0.216 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B6" title="Vitamin B6">Vitamin B<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;">6</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">5%</div> 0.078 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Folate" title="Folate">Folate (B<span style="position: relative; top: 0.35em;">9</span>)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">4%</div> 16 μg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Choline" title="Choline">Choline</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">2%</div> 10.2 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">Vitamin C</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">30%</div> 26.7 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_E" title="Vitamin E">Vitamin E</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">1%</div> 0.2 mg</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><b style="margin-left:-0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Mineral_(nutrient)" title="Mineral (nutrient)">Minerals</a></b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><b>Quantity</b> <div style="float: right;"><abbr title="Percentage of Daily Value"><b>%DV</b></abbr><sup>†</sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Calcium_in_biology#Humans" title="Calcium in biology">Calcium</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">3%</div> 37 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Human_iron_metabolism" title="Human iron metabolism">Iron</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">1%</div> 0.15 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium_in_biology" title="Magnesium in biology">Magnesium</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">3%</div> 12 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Manganese#Human_health_and_nutrition" title="Manganese">Manganese</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">2%</div> 0.039 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus#Biological_role" title="Phosphorus">Phosphorus</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">2%</div> 20 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Potassium_in_biology" title="Potassium in biology">Potassium</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">6%</div> 166 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Sodium_in_biology" title="Sodium in biology">Sodium</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">0%</div> 2 mg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Zinc#Biological_role" title="Zinc">Zinc</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><div style="float: right;">1%</div> 0.07 mg</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;"><b style="margin-left:-0.65em">Other constituents</b></th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;"><b>Quantity</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;font-weight:normal;padding-right:0.25em;">Water</th><td class="infobox-data" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0.65em;line-height:1.1em;">85.2 g</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><div class="wrap" style="padding:0.3em;line-height:1.2em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150704005654/http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list?qlookup=09218&format=Full">Link to USDA Database entry</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below wrap" style="background:#e0e0e0;padding:0.3em;line-height:1.5em;font-weight:normal;font-size:0.9em"><sup>†</sup>Percentages estimated using <a href="/wiki/Reference_Daily_Intake#Daily_Values" title="Reference Daily Intake">US recommendations</a> for adults,<sup id="cite_ref-FDADailyValues_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDADailyValues-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from <a href="/wiki/National_Academies_of_Sciences,_Engineering,_and_Medicine" title="National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine">the National Academies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NationalAcademiesPotassium_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NationalAcademiesPotassium-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A mandarin orange contains 85% water, 13% <a href="/wiki/Carbohydrate" title="Carbohydrate">carbohydrates</a>, and negligible amounts of <a href="/wiki/Fat" title="Fat">fat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> (table). Among <a href="/wiki/Micronutrient" title="Micronutrient">micronutrients</a>, only <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamin C</a> is in significant content (32% of the <a href="/wiki/Daily_Value" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Value">Daily Value</a>) in a 100-gram reference serving, with all other nutrients in low amounts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culinary">Culinary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Culinary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_fruit_dishes" title="List of fruit dishes">List of fruit dishes</a></div> <p>Mandarins have a stronger and sweeter taste than sweet oranges.<sup id="cite_ref-karp_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-karp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mandarins are peeled and eaten fresh or used in salads, desserts and main dishes.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fresh mandarins are used in the production of the <a href="/wiki/Liqueur" title="Liqueur">liqueur</a> <a href="/wiki/Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Mandarine Napoléon">Mandarine Napoléon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Peel_(fruit)" title="Peel (fruit)">peel</a> is used fresh, whole or <a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">as zest</a>, or dried as <a href="/wiki/Chenpi" title="Chenpi">chenpi</a>. It can be used as a spice for cooking, baking, drinks, or candy. <a href="/wiki/Essential_oil" title="Essential oil">Essential oil</a> from the fresh peel may be used as a flavouring for candy, in <a href="/wiki/Gelatin" title="Gelatin">gelatins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_cream" title="Ice cream">ice cream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chewing_gum" title="Chewing gum">chewing gum</a>, and baked goods.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is used as a flavouring in some liqueurs.<sup id="cite_ref-morton_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cinpi2_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dried mandarin peel used as a seasoning"><img alt="Dried mandarin peel used as a seasoning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Cinpi2_%28cropped%29.jpg/143px-Cinpi2_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Cinpi2_%28cropped%29.jpg/215px-Cinpi2_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Cinpi2_%28cropped%29.jpg/287px-Cinpi2_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="827" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dried mandarin <a href="/wiki/Peel_(fruit)" title="Peel (fruit)">peel</a> used as a seasoning</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chocolate_coated_citrus_peel_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chocolate-coated citrus peel"><img alt="Chocolate-coated citrus peel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Chocolate_coated_citrus_peel_01.jpg/200px-Chocolate_coated_citrus_peel_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Chocolate_coated_citrus_peel_01.jpg/300px-Chocolate_coated_citrus_peel_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Chocolate_coated_citrus_peel_01.jpg/400px-Chocolate_coated_citrus_peel_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1368" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chocolate" title="Chocolate">Chocolate</a>-coated <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> peel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresh_Fruit_Dessert.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mandarins in a fresh fruit salad"><img alt="Mandarins in a fresh fruit salad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Fresh_Fruit_Dessert.jpg/200px-Fresh_Fruit_Dessert.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Fresh_Fruit_Dessert.jpg/300px-Fresh_Fruit_Dessert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Fresh_Fruit_Dessert.jpg/400px-Fresh_Fruit_Dessert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mandarins in a fresh fruit salad</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Galler_Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on_Lait_split_(22567613826).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chocolate flavoured with Mandarine Napoléon"><img alt="Chocolate flavoured with Mandarine Napoléon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Galler_Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on_Lait_split_%2822567613826%29.jpg/179px-Galler_Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on_Lait_split_%2822567613826%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Galler_Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on_Lait_split_%2822567613826%29.jpg/268px-Galler_Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on_Lait_split_%2822567613826%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Galler_Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on_Lait_split_%2822567613826%29.jpg/357px-Galler_Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on_Lait_split_%2822567613826%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="840" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chocolate flavoured with <a href="/wiki/Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Mandarine Napoléon">Mandarine Napoléon</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_significance">Cultural significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Cultural significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In North America, mandarins are commonly purchased in 5- or 10-pound boxes,<sup id="cite_ref-karp_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-karp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> individually wrapped in soft green paper, and given in <a href="/wiki/Christmas_stocking" title="Christmas stocking">Christmas stockings</a>. This custom goes back to the 1880s when Japanese immigrants in Canada and the United States began receiving Japanese mandarin oranges from their families back home as gifts for the New Year. The tradition spread among the non-Japanese population and eastwards across the country: each November harvest, "The oranges were quickly unloaded and shipped east by rail. 'Orange Trains' – trains with boxcars painted orange – alerted everyone along the way that the irresistible oranges from Japan were back again for the holidays. For many, the arrival of Japanese mandarin oranges signalled the beginning of the holiday season."<sup id="cite_ref-AITC1_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AITC1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Satsumas were grown in the United States from the early 1900s. Still, Japan remained a major supplier.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U.S. imports of these Japanese oranges was suspended due to hostilities with Japan during World War II.<sup id="cite_ref-AITC1_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AITC1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While they were one of the first Japanese goods allowed for export after the end of the war, residual hostility led to the rebranding of these oranges as "Mandarin" oranges instead of "Japanese" oranges.<sup id="cite_ref-AITC1_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AITC1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The delivery of the first batch of mandarin oranges from Japan in the port of <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> is greeted with a festival that combines Santa Claus and Japanese dancers<sup id="cite_ref-Marion_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marion-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—young girls dressed in traditional <a href="/wiki/Kimono" title="Kimono">kimono</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-France-CanadaChristmas_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-France-CanadaChristmas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, the Christmas fruit sold in North America was mostly <a href="/wiki/Dancy_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dancy (fruit)">Dancys</a>, but now it is more often a hybrid.<sup id="cite_ref-arkoftaste_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arkoftaste-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This Japanese tradition merged with European traditions related to the <a href="/wiki/Christmas_stocking" title="Christmas stocking">Christmas stocking</a>. <a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Saint Nicholas</a> is said to have put <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> coins into the stockings of three poor girls so that they would be able to afford to get married.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sometimes the story is told with gold balls instead of bags of gold, and oranges became a symbolic stand-in for these gold balls, and are put in Christmas stockings in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Marion_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marion-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their use as Christmas gifts probably spread from the Japanese immigrant community.<sup id="cite_ref-coop_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coop-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mandarin oranges are mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Ross" title="Sinclair Ross">Sinclair Ross</a>' 1942 novel, <i><a href="/wiki/As_for_Me_and_My_House" title="As for Me and My House">As for Me and My House</a></i>, and his 1939 short story, <i>Cornet at Night</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_citrus_fruits" title="List of citrus fruits">List of citrus fruits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangerine" title="Tangerine">Tangerine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDe_La_Cruz-Cabanillas2008" class="citation web cs1">De La Cruz-Cabanillas, Isabel (1 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Chinese+loanwords+in+the+OED.-a0194473142">"Chinese loanwords in the OED"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Free_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="The Free Library">The Free Library</a></i>. Farlex, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Free+Library&rft.atitle=Chinese+loanwords+in+the+OED&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.aulast=De+La+Cruz-Cabanillas&rft.aufirst=Isabel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FChinese%2Bloanwords%2Bin%2Bthe%2BOED.-a0194473142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mbg-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mbg_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mbg_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=244327">"<i>Citrus reticulata</i> 'Clementine'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Plant Finder</i>. Missouri Botanical Garden. 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plant+Finder&rft.atitle=Citrus+reticulata+%27Clementine%27&rft.date=2019&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.missouribotanicalgarden.org%2FPlantFinder%2FPlantFinderDetails.aspx%3Ftaxonid%3D244327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-morton-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morton_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorton1987" class="citation web cs1">Morton, Julia F. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/mandarin_orange.html">"Mandarin orange; In: Fruits of Warm Climates, p. 142–145"</a>. <i>New Crop Resource Online Program</i>. Center for New Crops and Plant Products, Purdue University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Crop+Resource+Online+Program&rft.atitle=Mandarin+orange%3B+In%3A+Fruits+of+Warm+Climates%2C+p.+142%E2%80%93145&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=Julia+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hort.purdue.edu%2Fnewcrop%2Fmorton%2Fmandarin_orange.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ucr-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ucr_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/citrus/tango.html">"Tango mandarin; <i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco"</a>. <i>Citrus Variety Collection</i>. College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Riverside" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California Riverside">University of California Riverside</a>. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Citrus+Variety+Collection&rft.atitle=Tango+mandarin%3B+Citrus+reticulata+Blanco&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcitrusvariety.ucr.edu%2Fcitrus%2Ftango.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-karp-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-karp_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-karp_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-karp_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-karp_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-karp_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarp2016" class="citation news cs1">Karp, David (3 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/03/dining/mandarin-orange.html">"Mandarin oranges, rising stars of the fruit bowl"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mandarin+oranges%2C+rising+stars+of+the+fruit+bowl&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft.aulast=Karp&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F02%2F03%2Fdining%2Fmandarin-orange.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wang-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wang_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWangHeHuangHe2018" class="citation journal cs1">Wang, Lun; He, Fa; Huang, Yue; He, Jiaxian; Yang, Shuizhi; et al. (August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molp.2018.06.001">"Genome of Wild Mandarin and Domestication History of Mandarin"</a>. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. <b>11</b> (8): 1024–1037. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molp.2018.06.001">10.1016/j.molp.2018.06.001</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29885473">29885473</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant&rft.atitle=Genome+of+Wild+Mandarin+and+Domestication+History+of+Mandarin&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=1024-1037&rft.date=2018-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.molp.2018.06.001&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29885473&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Lun&rft.au=He%2C+Fa&rft.au=Huang%2C+Yue&rft.au=He%2C+Jiaxian&rft.au=Yang%2C+Shuizhi&rft.au=Zeng%2C+Jiwu&rft.au=Deng%2C+Chongling&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Xiaolin&rft.au=Fang%2C+Yiwen&rft.au=Wen%2C+Shaohua&rft.au=Xu%2C+Rangwei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.molp.2018.06.001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-latimes-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-latimes_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarp2014" class="citation news cs1">Karp, David (13 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/food/la-fo-marketwatch-20110128-story.html">"Market watch: The wild and elusive Dancy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Market+watch%3A+The+wild+and+elusive+Dancy&rft.date=2014-03-13&rft.aulast=Karp&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Ffood%2Fla-fo-marketwatch-20110128-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wu_Terol_Ibanez_2018_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuTerolIbanezLópez-García2018" class="citation journal cs1">Wu, Guohong Albert; Terol, Javier; Ibanez, Victoria; López-García, Antonio; Pérez-Román, Estela; Borredá, Carles; et al. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature25447">"Genomics of the origin and evolution of <i>Citrus</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>. <b>554</b> (7692): 311–316. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Natur.554..311W">2018Natur.554..311W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature25447">10.1038/nature25447</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939%2F5741">20.500.11939/5741</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29414943">29414943</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Genomics+of+the+origin+and+evolution+of+Citrus&rft.volume=554&rft.issue=7692&rft.pages=311-316&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F20.500.11939%2F5741&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29414943&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature25447&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018Natur.554..311W&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Guohong+Albert&rft.au=Terol%2C+Javier&rft.au=Ibanez%2C+Victoria&rft.au=L%C3%B3pez-Garc%C3%ADa%2C+Antonio&rft.au=P%C3%A9rez-Rom%C3%A1n%2C+Estela&rft.au=Borred%C3%A1%2C+Carles&rft.au=Domingo%2C+Concha&rft.au=Tadeo%2C+Francisco+R.&rft.au=Carbonell-Caballero%2C+Jose&rft.au=Alonso%2C+Roberto&rft.au=Curk%2C+Franck&rft.au=Du%2C+Dongliang&rft.au=Ollitrault%2C+Patrick&rft.au=Roose%2C+Mikeal+L.+Roose&rft.au=Dopazo%2C+Joaquin&rft.au=Gmitter+Jr%2C+Frederick+G.&rft.au=Rokhsar%2C+Daniel&rft.au=Talon%2C+Manuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252Fnature25447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span> and Supplement</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fuller_Castillo_2017-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fuller_Castillo_2017_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFullerCastilloKingwell-BanhamQin2017" class="citation book cs1">Fuller, Dorian Q.; Castillo, Cristina; Kingwell-Banham, Eleanor; Qin, Ling; Weisskopf, Alison (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.openedition.org/pcjb/2173?lang=en">"Charred pomelo peel, historical linguistics and other tree crops: approaches to framing the historical context of early Citrus cultivation in East, South and Southeast Asia"</a>. In Zech-Matterne, Véronique; Fiorentino, Girolamo (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03501166/file/2017-Ruas-etal-Citrus.pdf"><i>AGRUMED: Archaeology and history of citrus fruit in the Mediterranean</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Publications du Centre Jean Bérard. pp. 29–48. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fbooks.pcjb.2107">10.4000/books.pcjb.2107</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782918887775" title="Special:BookSources/9782918887775"><bdi>9782918887775</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Charred+pomelo+peel%2C+historical+linguistics+and+other+tree+crops%3A+approaches+to+framing+the+historical+context+of+early+Citrus+cultivation+in+East%2C+South+and+Southeast+Asia&rft.btitle=AGRUMED%3A+Archaeology+and+history+of+citrus+fruit+in+the+Mediterranean&rft.pages=29-48&rft.pub=Publications+du+Centre+Jean+B%C3%A9rard&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fbooks.pcjb.2107&rft.isbn=9782918887775&rft.aulast=Fuller&rft.aufirst=Dorian+Q.&rft.au=Castillo%2C+Cristina&rft.au=Kingwell-Banham%2C+Eleanor&rft.au=Qin%2C+Ling&rft.au=Weisskopf%2C+Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.openedition.org%2Fpcjb%2F2173%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Curk-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Curk_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Curk_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurkAncilloGarcia-LorLuro2014" class="citation journal cs1">Curk, Franck; Ancillo, Gema; Garcia-Lor, Andres; Luro, François; Perrier, Xavier; Jacquemoud-Collet, Jean-Pierre; Navarro, Luis; Ollitrault, Patrick (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4302129">"Next generation haplotyping to decipher nuclear genomic interspecific admixture in Citrus species: analysis of chromosome 2"</a>. <i>BMC Genetics</i>. <b>15</b>: 152. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12863-014-0152-1">10.1186/s12863-014-0152-1</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4302129">4302129</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25544367">25544367</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Genetics&rft.atitle=Next+generation+haplotyping+to+decipher+nuclear+genomic+interspecific+admixture+in+Citrus+species%3A+analysis+of+chromosome+2&rft.volume=15&rft.pages=152&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4302129%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25544367&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs12863-014-0152-1&rft.aulast=Curk&rft.aufirst=Franck&rft.au=Ancillo%2C+Gema&rft.au=Garcia-Lor%2C+Andres&rft.au=Luro%2C+Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.au=Perrier%2C+Xavier&rft.au=Jacquemoud-Collet%2C+Jean-Pierre&rft.au=Navarro%2C+Luis&rft.au=Ollitrault%2C+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4302129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wu2021-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wu2021_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wu2021_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wu2021_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuSugimotoKinjoAsama2021" class="citation journal cs1">Wu, Guohong Albert; Sugimoto, Chikatoshi; Kinjo, Hideyasu; Asama, Chika; Mitsube, Fumimasa; Talon, Manuel; Gmitter, Grederick G Jr; Rokhsar, Daniel S (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8313541">"Diversification of mandarin citrus by hybrid speciation and apomixis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_Communications" title="Nature Communications">Nature Communications</a></i>. <b>12</b> (1): 4377. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021NatCo..12.4377W">2021NatCo..12.4377W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41467-021-24653-0">10.1038/s41467-021-24653-0</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8313541">8313541</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34312382">34312382</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=Diversification+of+mandarin+citrus+by+hybrid+speciation+and+apomixis&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=4377&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8313541%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34312382&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41467-021-24653-0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2021NatCo..12.4377W&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Guohong+Albert&rft.au=Sugimoto%2C+Chikatoshi&rft.au=Kinjo%2C+Hideyasu&rft.au=Asama%2C+Chika&rft.au=Mitsube%2C+Fumimasa&rft.au=Talon%2C+Manuel&rft.au=Gmitter%2C+Grederick+G+Jr&rft.au=Rokhsar%2C+Daniel+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8313541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span> and Supplement</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wang2018-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2018_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2018_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2018_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2018_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2018_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2018" class="citation journal cs1">Wang, Lun; et al. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molp.2018.06.001">"Genome of Wild Mandarin and Domestication History of Mandarin"</a>. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. <b>11</b> (8): 1024–1037. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molp.2018.06.001">10.1016/j.molp.2018.06.001</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29885473">29885473</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant&rft.atitle=Genome+of+Wild+Mandarin+and+Domestication+History+of+Mandarin&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=1024-1037&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.molp.2018.06.001&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29885473&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Lun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.molp.2018.06.001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-identification-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-identification_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-identification_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroelicherMouhayaBasseneCostantino2011" class="citation journal cs1">Froelicher, Yann; Mouhaya, Wafa; Bassene, Jean-Baptiste; Costantino, Gilles; Kamiri, Mourad; et al. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://agritrop.cirad.fr/558353/">"New universal mitochondrial PCR markers reveal new information on maternal citrus phylogeny"</a>. <i>Tree Genetics & Genomes</i>. <b>7</b>: 49–61. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11295-010-0314-x">10.1007/s11295-010-0314-x</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32371305">32371305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Genetics+%26+Genomes&rft.atitle=New+universal+mitochondrial+PCR+markers+reveal+new+information+on+maternal+citrus+phylogeny&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=49-61&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11295-010-0314-x&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A32371305%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Froelicher&rft.aufirst=Yann&rft.au=Mouhaya%2C+Wafa&rft.au=Bassene%2C+Jean-Baptiste&rft.au=Costantino%2C+Gilles&rft.au=Kamiri%2C+Mourad&rft.au=Luro%2C+Francois&rft.au=Morillon%2C+Raphael&rft.au=Ollitrault%2C+Patrick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fagritrop.cirad.fr%2F558353%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldenbergYanivPoratCarmi2018" class="citation journal cs1">Goldenberg, Livnat; Yaniv, Yossi; Porat, Ron; Carmi, Nir (2018). "Mandarin fruit quality: a review". <i>Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture</i>. <b>98</b> (1): 18–26. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JSFA...98...18G">2018JSFA...98...18G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjsfa.8495">10.1002/jsfa.8495</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28631804">28631804</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Science+of+Food+and+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Mandarin+fruit+quality%3A+a+review&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=18-26&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28631804&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fjsfa.8495&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018JSFA...98...18G&rft.aulast=Goldenberg&rft.aufirst=Livnat&rft.au=Yaniv%2C+Yossi&rft.au=Porat%2C+Ron&rft.au=Carmi%2C+Nir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOllitraultCurkKrueger2020" class="citation book cs1">Ollitrault, Patrick; Curk, Franck; Krueger, Robert (2020). "Citrus taxonomy". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128121634000048"><i>The Genus Citrus</i></a>. Elsevier. pp. 57–81. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-812163-4.00004-8">10.1016/b978-0-12-812163-4.00004-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-812163-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-812163-4"><bdi>978-0-12-812163-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:242819146">242819146</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Citrus+taxonomy&rft.btitle=The+Genus+Citrus&rft.pages=57-81&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A242819146%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-812163-4.00004-8&rft.isbn=978-0-12-812163-4&rft.aulast=Ollitrault&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.au=Curk%2C+Franck&rft.au=Krueger%2C+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FB9780128121634000048&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarp2010" class="citation news cs1">Karp, David (13 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/food/la-fow-marketwatch8-2010jan13-story.html">"The Seedless Kishu, a small but mighty mandarin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Seedless+Kishu%2C+a+small+but+mighty+mandarin&rft.date=2010-01-13&rft.aulast=Karp&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Ffood%2Fla-fow-marketwatch8-2010jan13-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlein2014" class="citation book cs1">Klein, Joshua D. (2014). "Citron Cultivation, Production and Uses in the Mediterranean Region". <i>Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the Middle-East</i>. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World. Vol. 2. pp. 199–214. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-017-9276-9_10">10.1007/978-94-017-9276-9_10</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-017-9275-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-017-9275-2"><bdi>978-94-017-9275-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Citron+Cultivation%2C+Production+and+Uses+in+the+Mediterranean+Region&rft.btitle=Medicinal+and+Aromatic+Plants+of+the+Middle-East&rft.series=Medicinal+and+Aromatic+Plants+of+the+World&rft.pages=199-214&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-017-9276-9_10&rft.isbn=978-94-017-9275-2&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=Joshua+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-faostat-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faostat_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL">"Mandarin orange production in 2022 (includes tangerines, clementines, and satsumas) from pick lists: World regions/Production quantity/Crops/Year"</a>. FAOSTAT, United Nations Corporate Statistical Database. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mandarin+orange+production+in+2022+%28includes+tangerines%2C+clementines%2C+and+satsumas%29+from+pick+lists%3A+World+regions%2FProduction+quantity%2FCrops%2FYear&rft.pub=FAOSTAT%2C+United+Nations+Corporate+Statistical+Database&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Ffaostat%2Fen%2F%23data%2FQCL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FDADailyValues-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FDADailyValues_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Food_and_Drug_Administration2024" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">United States Food and Drug Administration</a> (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-facts-label/daily-value-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels">"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"</a>. <i>FDA</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240327175201/https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-facts-label/daily-value-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-03-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FDA&rft.atitle=Daily+Value+on+the+Nutrition+and+Supplement+Facts+Labels&rft.date=2024&rft.au=United+States+Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Ffood%2Fnutrition-facts-label%2Fdaily-value-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NationalAcademiesPotassium-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NationalAcademiesPotassium_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Academies_of_Sciences,_Engineering,_and_MedicineHealth_and_Medicine_DivisionFood_and_Nutrition_BoardCommittee_to_Review_the_Dietary_Reference_Intakes_for_Sodium_and_Potassium2019" class="citation book cs1">National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538102/"><i>Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium</i></a>. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-309-48834-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-309-48834-1"><bdi>978-0-309-48834-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30844154">30844154</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240509063633/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538102/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-05-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Sodium+and+Potassium&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.series=The+National+Academies+Collection%3A+Reports+funded+by+National+Institutes+of+Health&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press+%28US%29&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30844154&rft.isbn=978-0-309-48834-1&rft.au=National+Academies+of+Sciences%2C+Engineering%2C+and+Medicine&rft.au=Health+and+Medicine+Division&rft.au=Food+and+Nutrition+Board&rft.au=Committee+to+Review+the+Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Sodium+and+Potassium&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fbooks%2FNBK538102%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mandarinenapoleon.com/history/">"Mandarine Napoléon - History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mandarine_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Mandarine Napoléon">Mandarine Napoléon</a></i>. 23 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mandarine+Napol%C3%A9on&rft.atitle=Mandarine+Napol%C3%A9on+-+History&rft.date=2018-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mandarinenapoleon.com%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AITC1-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AITC1_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AITC1_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AITC1_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160201060025/http://www.aitc.ca/bc/uploads/sfvnp/MANDARIN%20ORANGES%206.pdf">"Information on This Week's Product: Mandarin Oranges"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. BC Agriculture in the Classroom Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aitc.ca/bc/uploads/sfvnp/MANDARIN%20ORANGES%206.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 1 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Information+on+This+Week%27s+Product%3A+Mandarin+Oranges&rft.pub=BC+Agriculture+in+the+Classroom+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aitc.ca%2Fbc%2Fuploads%2Fsfvnp%2FMANDARIN%2520ORANGES%25206.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersenFerguson2014" class="citation web cs1">Andersen, Peter C.; Ferguson, James J. (19 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ch116">"The Satsuma Mandarin"</a>. <i>Electronic Data Information Source</i>. IFAS Extension, University of Florida<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Data+Information+Source&rft.atitle=The+Satsuma+Mandarin&rft.date=2014-11-19&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=Peter+C.&rft.au=Ferguson%2C+James+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedis.ifas.ufl.edu%2Fch116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marion-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Marion_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marion_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarion2010" class="citation web cs1">Marion, Paul (19 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.richardhowe.com/2010/12/19/oranges-at-christmas/">"Oranges at Christmas"</a>. <i>Richard Howe; Lowell Politics and Lowell History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Richard+Howe%3B+Lowell+Politics+and+Lowell+History&rft.atitle=Oranges+at+Christmas&rft.date=2010-12-19&rft.aulast=Marion&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.richardhowe.com%2F2010%2F12%2F19%2Foranges-at-christmas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-France-CanadaChristmas-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-France-CanadaChristmas_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/noel/angl/basnoel.htm">"Christmas Stockings"</a>. <i>Christmas Traditions in France and in Canada</i>. Ministère de la culture et de la communication de France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christmas+Traditions+in+France+and+in+Canada&rft.atitle=Christmas+Stockings&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.culture.gouv.fr%2Fculture%2Fnoel%2Fangl%2Fbasnoel.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arkoftaste-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arkoftaste_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140712213717/http://www.slowfoodusa.org/ark-item/dancy-tangerine">"Ark of Taste, Dancy Tangerine, <i>Citrus Tangerina v. Dancy</i>"</a>. <i>Slow Food USA</i>. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slowfoodusa.org/ark-item/dancy-tangerine">the original</a> on 12 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slow+Food+USA&rft.atitle=Ark+of+Taste%2C+Dancy+Tangerine%2C+Citrus+Tangerina+v.+Dancy&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slowfoodusa.org%2Fark-item%2Fdancy-tangerine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFP-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AFP_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081021102047/http://www.centrinet.com/christmas/catclas.htm">"Personalized Christmas Stockings"</a>. <i>Stocking Factory</i>. 4 October 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centrinet.com/christmas/catclas.htm">the original</a> on 21 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stocking+Factory&rft.atitle=Personalized+Christmas+Stockings&rft.date=2008-10-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.centrinet.com%2Fchristmas%2Fcatclas.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-coop-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-coop_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cpw.coop/cpw-blog/kishu-20th">"CPW Celebrates 20 Years of Churchill Orchard's Kishu Mandarin Magic"</a>. <i>Co-op Partners Warehouse</i>. 24 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Co-op+Partners+Warehouse&rft.atitle=CPW+Celebrates+20+Years+of+Churchill+Orchard%27s+Kishu+Mandarin+Magic&rft.date=2024-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpw.coop%2Fcpw-blog%2Fkishu-20th&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoydCookeMoyer2020" class="citation journal cs1">Boyd, Shelley; Cooke, Nathalie; Moyer, Alexia (2020-02-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.ucpress.edu/gastronomica/article-abstract/20/1/83/109141/A-Literary-History-of-the-Mandarin-Orange-in?redirectedFrom=fulltext">"A literary history of the Mandarin orange in Canada"</a>. <i>Gastronomica</i>. <b>20</b> (1): 83–89. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fgfc.2020.20.1.83">10.1525/gfc.2020.20.1.83</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gastronomica&rft.atitle=A+literary+history+of+the+Mandarin+orange+in+Canada&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=83-89&rft.date=2020-02-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fgfc.2020.20.1.83&rft.aulast=Boyd&rft.aufirst=Shelley&rft.au=Cooke%2C+Nathalie&rft.au=Moyer%2C+Alexia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonline.ucpress.edu%2Fgastronomica%2Farticle-abstract%2F20%2F1%2F83%2F109141%2FA-Literary-History-of-the-Mandarin-Orange-in%3FredirectedFrom%3Dfulltext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandarin+orange" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" class="extiw" title="commons:Citrus reticulata"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Citrus reticulata</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Citrus reticulata">Citrus reticulata</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Citrus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Citrus" title="Template:Citrus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citrus" title="Template talk:Citrus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Citrus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Citrus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Citrus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">Citrus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">True <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_lime" title="Australian lime">Australian and Papuan wild limes group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citron" title="Citron">Citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_cavaleriei" title="Citrus cavaleriei">Ichang papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaffir_lime" title="Kaffir lime">Kaffir lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">Kumquats group</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mandarin orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangshanyegan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangshanyegan">Mangshanyegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_halimii" title="Citrus halimii">Mountain citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomelo" title="Pomelo">Pomelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_ryukyuensis" title="Citrus ryukyuensis">Ryukyu mandarin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major <a href="/wiki/Citrus_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus hybrid">hybrids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit" title="Grapefruit">Grapefruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">Lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lime_(fruit)" title="Lime (fruit)">Lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">Orange</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Citrus_%C3%97_sinensis" title="Citrus × sinensis">sweet orange</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">True and hybrid<br /><a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_macrophylla" title="Citrus macrophylla">Alemow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanatsu" title="Amanatsu">Amanatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_lemon" title="Assam lemon">Assam lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergamot_orange" title="Bergamot orange">Bergamot orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizzarria" title="Bizzarria">Bizzarria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitter_orange" title="Bitter orange">Bitter orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_lime" title="Blood lime">Blood lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_orange" title="Blood orange">Blood orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byeonggyul" title="Byeonggyul">Byeonggyul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biasong" class="mw-redirect" title="Biasong">Biasong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cam_s%C3%A0nh" title="Cam sành">Cam sành</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cara_cara_navel" title="Cara cara navel">Cara cara navel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrange" title="Citrange">Citrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrumelo" title="Citrumelo">Citrumelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine" title="Clementine">Clementine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coorg_orange" title="Coorg orange">Coorg orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daidai" title="Daidai">Daidai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dekopon" title="Dekopon">Dekopon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Encore%27_mandarin" title="'Encore' mandarin">Encore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_tangerine" title="Fairchild tangerine">Fairchild tangerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_citron" title="Florentine citron">Florentine citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit_(citrus)" title="Forbidden fruit (citrus)">Forbidden fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_assamensis" title="Citrus assamensis">Ginger lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haruka_(citrus)" title="Haruka (citrus)">Haruka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassaku" title="Hassaku">Hassaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebesu" title="Hebesu">Hebesu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heen_naran" title="Heen naran">Heen naran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyuganatsu" title="Hyuganatsu">Hyuganatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_lemon" title="Imperial lemon">Imperial lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_indica" title="Citrus indica">Indian wild orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyokan" title="Iyokan">Iyokan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabara_(citrus)" title="Jabara (citrus)">Jabara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa_orange" title="Jaffa orange">Jaffa orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_tangelo" title="Jamaican tangelo">Jamaican tangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabbad" title="Kabbad">Kabbad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabosu" title="Kabosu">Kabosu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaji_Nemu" title="Kaji Nemu">Kaji Nemu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_gracilis" title="Citrus gracilis">Kakadu lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpi_(fruit)" title="Kalpi (fruit)">Kalpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpei" title="Kanpei">Kanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawachi_bankan" title="Kawachi bankan">Kawachi bankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_lime" title="Key lime">Key lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_latipes" title="Citrus latipes">Khasi papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinkoji_unshiu" title="Kinkoji unshiu">Kinkoji unshiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnow" title="Kinnow">Kinnow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishu_mikan" title="Kishu mikan">Kishu mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyomi" title="Kiyomi">Kiyomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobayashi_mikan" title="Kobayashi mikan">Kobayashi mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_orange" title="Koji orange">Koji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komikan_(fruit)" title="Komikan (fruit)">Komikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laraha" title="Laraha">Laraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemonade_fruit" title="Lemonade fruit">Lemonade fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lim%C3%B3n_de_Pica" title="Limón de Pica">Limón de Pica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumia_(citrus)" title="Lumia (citrus)">Lumia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandelo" title="Mandelo">Mandelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandora_(fruit)" title="Mandora (fruit)">Mandora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_macroptera" title="Citrus macroptera">Melanesian papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melogold" title="Melogold">Melogold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_lemon" title="Meyer lemon">Meyer lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrantha_(citrus)" title="Micrantha (citrus)">Micrantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midknight_Valencia_Orange" title="Midknight Valencia Orange">Midknight Valencia Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murcott_(fruit)" title="Murcott (fruit)">Murcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_myrtifolia" title="Citrus myrtifolia">Myrtle-leaved orange tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagpur_orange" title="Nagpur orange">Nagpur orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_%C3%97_amblycarpa" title="Citrus × amblycarpa">Nasnaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_grapefruit" title="New Zealand grapefruit">New Zealand grapefruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cgonkan" title="Ōgonkan">Ōgonkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangelo" title="Orangelo">Orangelo/Chironja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroblanco" title="Oroblanco">Oroblanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_sweet_lime" title="Palestinian sweet lime">Palestinian sweet lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_lime" title="Persian lime">Persian lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixie_mandarin" title="Pixie mandarin">Pixie mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompia" title="Pompia">Pompia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponderosa_lemon" title="Ponderosa lemon">Ponderosa lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponkan" title="Ponkan">Ponkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangpur_(fruit)" title="Rangpur (fruit)">Rangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reikou" title="Reikou">Reikou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhobs_el_Arsa" title="Rhobs el Arsa">Rhobs el Arsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough_lemon" title="Rough lemon">Rough lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuyao" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuyao">Samuyao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanbokan" title="Sanbokan">Sanbokan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_unshiu" title="Citrus unshiu">Satsuma mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setoka" title="Setoka">Setoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangjuan" title="Shangjuan">Shangjuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shonan_Gold" title="Shonan Gold">Shonan Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Red_Valencia" title="Smith Red Valencia">Smith Red Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudachi" title="Sudachi">Sudachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_orange#Varieties" title="Koji orange">Suruga yuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_lemon" title="Sweet lemon">Sweet lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_limetta" title="Citrus limetta">Sweet limetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangelo" title="Tangelo">Tangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangerine" title="Tangerine">Tangerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangor" title="Tangor">Tangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsunonozomi" title="Tsunonozomi">Tsunonozomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_orange" title="Valencia orange">Valencia orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variegated_pink_lemon" title="Variegated pink lemon">Variegated pink lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkamer_lemon" title="Volkamer lemon">Volkamer lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_longispina" title="Citrus longispina">Winged lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X%C3%A3_%C4%90o%C3%A0i_orange" title="Xã Đoài orange">Xã Đoài orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABk%C5%8D" title="Yūkō">Yūkō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu" title="Yuzu">Yuzu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Citron" title="Citron">Citrons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balady_citron" title="Balady citron">Balady citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_citron" title="Corsican citron">Corsican citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamante_citron" title="Diamante citron">Diamante citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingered_citron" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingered citron">Fingered citron/Buddha's hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_citron" title="Greek citron">Greek citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_citron" title="Moroccan citron">Moroccan citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_citron" title="Yemenite citron">Yemenite citron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange_varieties" title="Mandarin orange varieties">Mandarin oranges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_reshni" title="Citrus reshni">Cleopatra mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_depressa" title="Citrus depressa">Shīkwāsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanfengmiju" title="Nanfengmiju">Nanfengmiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachibana_orange" title="Tachibana orange">Tachibana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_x_deliciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus x deliciosa">Willowleaf orange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papeda_(citrus)" title="Papeda (citrus)">Papedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_celebica" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus celebica">Celebes papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_halimii" title="Citrus halimii">Mountain "citron"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_ichangensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus ichangensis">Ichang papeda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pomelos" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomelos">Pomelos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banpeiyu" title="Banpeiyu">Banpeiyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangyuja" title="Dangyuja">Dangyuja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">Kumquats</a> group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kumquat species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_hindsii" title="Citrus hindsii">Hong Kong kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_crassifolia" title="Citrus crassifolia">Meiwa kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_margarita" title="Citrus margarita">Oval kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_japonica" title="Citrus japonica">Round kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_obovata" title="Citrus obovata">Jiangsu kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_swinglei" title="Citrus swinglei">Malayan kumquat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kumquat hybrids <br />(<a href="/wiki/Hybrid_name" title="Hybrid name">×</a> <a href="/wiki/Citrofortunella" title="Citrofortunella">Citrofortunella</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calamansi" title="Calamansi">Calamansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrangequat" title="Citrangequat">Citrangequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limequat" title="Limequat">Limequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarinquat" title="Mandarinquat">Mandarinquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procimequat" title="Procimequat">Procimequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunquat" title="Sunquat">Sunquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzuquat" title="Yuzuquat">Yuzuquat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_lime" title="Australian lime">Australian<br />and Papuan<br />wild limes group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Eromocitrus</i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_glauca" title="Citrus glauca">Desert lime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Microcitrus</i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_warburgiana" title="Citrus warburgiana">New Guinea wild lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_australis" title="Citrus australis">Australian round lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_inodora" title="Citrus inodora">Russell River lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_maideniana" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus maideniana">Maiden's wild lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_garrawayi" title="Citrus garrawayi">Mount White lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_australasica" title="Citrus australasica">Australian finger lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_wintersii" title="Citrus wintersii">Brown River finger lime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Clymenia_(plant)" title="Clymenia (plant)">Clymenia</a></i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clymenia_platypoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clymenia platypoda (page does not exist)">Clymenia platypoda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clymenia_polyandra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clymenia polyandra (page does not exist)">Clymenia polyandra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/False_orange" title="False orange">Oxanthera</a></i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_oxanthera" title="Citrus oxanthera">Orange-flowered oxanthera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_neocaledonica" title="Citrus neocaledonica">Large-leaf oxanthera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_undulata" title="Citrus undulata">Wavy-leaf oxanthera</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxanthera_brevipes" title="Oxanthera brevipes">Oxanthera brevipes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy#Trifoliate_orange" title="Citrus taxonomy">Related genera</a><br />(perhaps<br />properly <i>Citrus</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Trifoliate_orange" title="Trifoliate orange">Poncirus</a></i>/<a href="/wiki/Trifoliate_orange" title="Trifoliate orange">Trifoliate orange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calamansi_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Calamansi juice">Calamansi juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABhai" title="Chūhai">Chūhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao_(liqueur)" title="Curaçao (liqueur)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_lime_tea" title="Dried lime tea">Dried lime tea (noomi basra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit_juice" title="Grapefruit juice">Grapefruit juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemonade" title="Lemonade">Lemonade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limeade" title="Limeade">Limeade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_juice" title="Orange juice">Orange juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuja-hwachae" title="Yuja-hwachae">Yuja-hwachae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuja_tea" title="Yuja tea">Yuja tea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_citrate" title="Calcium citrate">Calcium citrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citric_acid" title="Citric acid">Citric acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biphenyl" title="Biphenyl">Lemonene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limonene" title="Limonene">Limonene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neroli" title="Neroli">Neroli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_flower_water" title="Orange flower water">Orange flower water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_oil" title="Orange oil">Orange oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangeat" class="mw-redirect" title="Orangeat">Orangeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">Succade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">Zest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_citrus_diseases" title="List of citrus diseases">Diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_black_spot" title="Citrus black spot">Black spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_canker" title="Citrus canker">Canker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_tristeza_virus" title="Citrus tristeza virus">CTV/Tristeza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_exocortis" title="Citrus exocortis">Exocortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_greening_disease" title="Citrus greening disease">Greening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoma_tracheiphila" title="Phoma tracheiphila">Mal secco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora" title="Phytophthora">Phytophthora</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora_citricola" title="Phytophthora citricola">citricola</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Citrus botanists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clara_H._Hasse" title="Clara H. Hasse">Clara H. Hasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Willard_Hodgson" title="Robert Willard Hodgson">Robert Willard Hodgson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_B._Smithers_Hughes" title="Lena B. Smithers Hughes">Lena B. Smithers Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mabberley" title="David Mabberley">David Mabberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Rodier" title="Clément Rodier">Clément Rodier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Soost" title="Robert Soost">Robert Soost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Tennyson_Swingle" title="Walter Tennyson Swingle">Walter Tennyson Swingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dzabur%C5%8D_Tanaka" title="Chōzaburō Tanaka">Chōzaburō Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikuro_Takahashi_(botanist)" title="Ikuro Takahashi (botanist)">Ikuro Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christoph_Volkamer" title="Johann Christoph Volkamer">Johann Christoph Volkamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_John_Webber" title="Herbert John Webber">Herbert John Webber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Citrus_Industry" title="The Citrus Industry">The Citrus Industry</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_production" title="Citrus production">Citrus production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_rootstock" title="Citrus rootstock">Citrus rootstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Citrus taxonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-hardy_citrus" title="Cold-hardy citrus">Cold-hardy citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperidium" title="Hesperidium">Hesperidium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_citrus" title="Japanese citrus">Japanese citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_citrus_fruits" title="List of citrus fruits">List of citrus fruits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Orange_Tree" title="Mother Orange Tree">Mother Orange Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangery" title="Orangery">Orangery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Citrus_Experiment_Station" title="University of California Citrus Experiment Station">University of California Citrus Experiment Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Riverside_Citrus_Variety_Collection" title="University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection">University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Citrus" title="Category:Citrus">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Citrus_production" title="Category:Citrus production">Production</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Citrus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Citrus">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Citrus reticulata</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125337" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q125337">Q125337</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Citrus_reticulata" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Citrus reticulata">Citrus reticulata</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">AoFP: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=1639">1639</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/90376">90376</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/154142">154142</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Tropical_Rainforest_Plants" title="Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants">ATRF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Citrus_reticulata.htm">Citrus_reticulata</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=179689">179689</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/VMM2">VMM2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecocrop" title="Ecocrop">Ecocrop</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecocrop.review.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=718">718</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/582204">582204</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CIDRE">CIDRE</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200012434">200012434</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Australia" title="Flora of Australia">FoAO2</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Citrus%20reticulata">Citrus reticulata</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200012434">200012434</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3190172">3190172</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=10778">10778</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/123355">123355</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/772038-1">772038-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11303887">11303887</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=28888">28888</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.161393/">2.161393</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0200003575">NBNSYS0200003575</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=85571">85571</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/358d520c-ea9f-4b92-96fd-6fc92a19bf6b">358d520c-ea9f-4b92-96fd-6fc92a19bf6b</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/367659/">367659</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=37136">37136</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2724336">kew-2724336</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/CIRE3">CIRE3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A772038-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772038-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/28100572">28100572</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000608241">wfo-0000608241</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125337#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7589956-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mandarin orange"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh88006360">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mandarinier"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16153212g">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mandarinier"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16153212g">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX534415">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mandarīnkoki"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000328893&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007534310105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&oldid=1259827244">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&oldid=1259827244</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Citrus" title="Category:Citrus">Citrus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fruits_originating_in_Asia" title="Category:Fruits originating in Asia">Fruits originating in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_food" title="Category:Christmas food">Christmas food</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sinterklaas_food" title="Category:Sinterklaas food">Sinterklaas food</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fruit_trees" title="Category:Fruit trees">Fruit trees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_China" title="Category:Flora of China">Flora of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Japan" title="Category:Flora of Japan">Flora of Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Vietnam" title="Category:Flora of Vietnam">Flora of Vietnam</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_April_2024" title="Category:Use American English from April 2024">Use American English from April 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_%27species%27_microformats" title="Category:Articles with 'species' microformats">Articles with 'species' microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons link is on Wikidata">Commons link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxonbars_with_25%E2%80%9329_taxon_IDs" title="Category:Taxonbars with 25–29 taxon IDs">Taxonbars with 25–29 taxon IDs</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 November 2024, at 08:01<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_orange&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-5q56r","wgBackendResponseTime":156,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.020","walltime":"1.252","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9366,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":209185,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6427,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":33,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":154335,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":29,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1094.600 1 -total"," 23.09% 252.787 1 Template:Reflist"," 23.02% 252.017 1 Template:Speciesbox"," 22.48% 246.084 1 Template:Taxobox/core"," 17.94% 196.418 1 Template:Taxonbar"," 11.34% 124.132 7 Template:Infobox"," 10.02% 109.664 14 Template:Cite_web"," 7.29% 79.771 1 Template:Infobox_nutritional_value"," 7.21% 78.956 3 Template:Navbox"," 7.15% 78.304 1 Template:Citrus"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.661","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":12250730,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-v2f7m","timestamp":"20241129150454","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Mandarin orange","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mandarin_orange","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q125337","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q125337","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-03-03T04:57:46Z","dateModified":"2024-11-27T08:01:47Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/10\/Citrus_reticulata_April_2013_Nordbaden.JPG","headline":"species of plant"}</script> </body> </html>