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class="mw-page-title-main">William Hayes (geneticist)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22William+Hayes%22+geneticist">"William Hayes" geneticist</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22William+Hayes%22+geneticist+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22William+Hayes%22+geneticist&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22William+Hayes%22+geneticist+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22William+Hayes%22+geneticist">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22William+Hayes%22+geneticist&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">William Hayes</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">FRS</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1913-01-18</span>)</span>18 January 1913<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Rathfarnham" title="Rathfarnham">Rathfarnham</a>, Co Dublin, Ireland</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">7 January 1994<span style="display:none">(1994-01-07)</span> (aged 80)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, New South Wales, Australia</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St_Columba%27s_College,_Dublin" title="St Columba's College, Dublin">St Columba's College</a> (Rathfarnham), <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Trinity College Dublin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>The Genetics of Bacteria and their Viruses</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Leeuwenhoek_Lecture" title="Leeuwenhoek Lecture">Leeuwenhoek Lecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macfarlane_Burnet_Medal_and_Lecture" title="Macfarlane Burnet Medal and Lecture">Macfarlane Burnet Medal and Lecture</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category">Microbial genetics</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Blackpool_Victoria_Hospital" title="Blackpool Victoria Hospital">Victoria Hospital</a>, Blackpool; <a href="/wiki/Sir_Patrick_Dun%27s_Hospital" title="Sir Patrick Dun's Hospital">Sir Patrick Dun's Hospital</a>, Dublin; <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_Medical_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Army Medical Corps">Indian Army Medical Corps</a>; Trinity College Dublin; <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a>; <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>; <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>, Canberra</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William Hayes</b> FRCPI <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">FRS</a><sup id="cite_ref-frs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/FRSE" class="mw-redirect" title="FRSE">FRSE</a> LLD (18 January 1913 – 7 January 1994) was an <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Irish</a> <a href="/wiki/Geneticist" title="Geneticist">geneticist</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hayes_(geneticist)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born in <a href="/wiki/Rathfarnham" title="Rathfarnham">Rathfarnham</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Dublin" title="County Dublin">Co Dublin</a>, the only son of William Hayes, a successful <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a> pharmacist, and his second wife, Miriam, née Harris. Hayes was still a child when his father died, and he lived with his mother and grandmother and was educated at home by a <a href="/wiki/Governess" title="Governess">governess</a>, before going to a preparatory school in <a href="/wiki/Dalkey" title="Dalkey">Dalkey</a> and then in 1927 to <a href="/wiki/St_Columba%27s_College,_Dublin" title="St Columba's College, Dublin">St Columba's College</a> at Rathfarnham, where his early interest in science began to develop as a hobby. He read medicine at <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Trinity College Dublin</a>, graduated BA in Natural Science in 1936 and qualified in medicine the following year (MB, BCh).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hayes_(geneticist)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He completed internships at the <a href="/wiki/Blackpool_Victoria_Hospital" title="Blackpool Victoria Hospital">Victoria Hospital, Blackpool</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sir_Patrick_Dun%27s_Hospital" title="Sir Patrick Dun's Hospital">Sir Patrick Dun's Hospital</a>, Dublin, before becoming an Assistant to his mentor, Professor J W Bigger, in the Department of <a href="/wiki/Bacteriology" title="Bacteriology">Bacteriology</a> at Trinity College. Here his work included routine diagnostic bacteriology and <a href="/wiki/Serology" title="Serology">serology</a> and studies of phase variation in <a href="/wiki/Salmonella" title="Salmonella">Salmonella</a>. </p><p>During WWII he was a Major in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Army_Medical_Corps" title="Royal Army Medical Corps">Royal Army Medical Corps</a> serving with the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_Medical_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Army Medical Corps">Indian Army Medical Corps</a>. Here he began work on <a href="/wiki/Penicillin" title="Penicillin">penicillin</a>, wrote a book on penicillin therapy and published some of his work on Salmonella infection in the Army in India, which was the beginning of his active interest in bacterial genetics. </p><p>In 1947, Hayes returned to a Lectureship at Trinity College Dublin, where he continued his studies with Salmonella, developing his enthusiasm for bacterial genetics, and being awarded the DSc degree. In 1950 he then moved to a senior Lectureship in bacteriology at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> Postgraduate Medical School at <a href="/wiki/Hammersmith" title="Hammersmith">Hammersmith</a> and began work on bacterial mating. He developed the concept of a donor–recipient partnership with uni-directional transfer of genetic material. The importance of this discovery was quickly emphasised and widely recognised when he found that only a part of the genetic material was transferred from the donor strain (male) to the recipient. The announcement of these spectacular results at a meeting at <a href="/wiki/Pallanza" title="Pallanza">Pallanza</a> in 1952 firmly established Hayes internationally as a leader in his field. </p><p>In March 1964 he was elected a <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellow of the Royal Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 1965 delivered their <a href="/wiki/Leeuwenhoek_Lecture" title="Leeuwenhoek Lecture">Leeuwenhoek Lecture</a>. He delivered the <a href="/wiki/Bateson_Lecture" title="Bateson Lecture">Bateson Lecture</a>, at the John Innes symposium in 1972 on "Molecular genetics in retrospect". </p><p>After a sabbatical year at the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> he became the Director in 1957 of a new <a href="/wiki/Medical_Research_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)">Medical Research Council</a> Microbial Genetics Unit in Hammersmith. In 1968 the team moved to the newly formed Department of Molecular Biology at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh University</a>. </p><p>In 1973, with the new Department at Edinburgh firmly established, Hayes accepted the Chair of Genetics at the <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, and went back to experimental work on <i>Escherichia coli</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hayes_(geneticist)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He retired in 1978 and moved to <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, New South Wales, where he died in 1994. He had married Honora Lee in 1941; their son Michael is a medical professional. </p><p>He worked in an <a href="/wiki/Emeritus" title="Emeritus">emeritus</a> capacity in the <a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">Botany</a> Department of the Australian National University for most of the 1980s, and was still living in Canberra in 1991. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours_and_awards">Honours and awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hayes_(geneticist)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Honours and awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Physicians_of_Ireland" title="Royal College of Physicians of Ireland">Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of London">Fellow of the Royal Society of London</a> (1964)<sup id="cite_ref-frs_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh">Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh</a> (1968)</li> <li>Australian Academy of Science (1976)</li> <li>Fellowship of the Royal Postgraduate Medical School, University of London (1985)</li> <li>Honorary Degrees from the University of Leicester - (Doctor of Science 1968), University of Dublin - (Doctor of Laws 1970), University of Kent - (Doctor of Science 1973) and the National University of Ireland - (Doctor of Science 1973).</li> <li>Lectures included the Royal Society <a href="/wiki/Leeuwenhoek_Lecture" title="Leeuwenhoek Lecture">Leeuwenhoek Lecture</a> (1965), the Genetical Society Mendel Lecture (1965), the first Griffith Memorial Lecture (1965) and the <a href="/wiki/Macfarlane_Burnet_Medal_and_Lecture" title="Macfarlane Burnet Medal and Lecture">Macfarlane Burnet Medal and Lecture</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Academy_of_Science" title="Australian Academy of Science">Australian Academy of Science</a> (1977).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hayes_(geneticist)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Genetics of Bacteria and their Viruses</i>, Blackwells, 1964.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hayes_(geneticist)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-frs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-frs_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-frs_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBrodaHolloway1996" class="citation journal cs1">Broda, P.; Holloway, B. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1996.0011">"William Hayes. 18 January 1913 – 7 January 1994"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Memoirs_of_Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society">Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society</a></i>. <b>42</b>: 173–189. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1996.0011">10.1098/rsbm.1996.0011</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11619331">11619331</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Memoirs+of+Fellows+of+the+Royal+Society&rft.atitle=William+Hayes.+18+January+1913+%E2%80%93+7+January+1994&rft.volume=42&rft.pages=173-189&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsbm.1996.0011&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11619331&rft.aulast=Broda&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.au=Holloway%2C+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1098%252Frsbm.1996.0011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hayes+%28geneticist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/fellowship/obits/obits_alpha/hayes_william.pdf">"WILLIAM HAYES BA, MB, BCh, BAO, ScD, HonLLD(Dub), HonDSc(Leic, Kent, NUI), DPH, FRCPI, FAA, FRS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Royal Society of Edinburgh<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WILLIAM+HAYES+BA%2C+MB%2C+BCh%2C+BAO%2C+ScD%2C+HonLLD%28Dub%29%2C+HonDSc%28Leic%2C+Kent%2C+NUI%29%2C+DPH%2C+FRCPI%2C+FAA%2C+FRS&rft.pub=Royal+Society+of+Edinburgh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalsoced.org.uk%2Ffellowship%2Fobits%2Fobits_alpha%2Fhayes_william.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hayes+%28geneticist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=1&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27hayes%27%29">"Library and Archive catalogue"</a>. Royal Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Library+and+Archive+catalogue&rft.pub=Royal+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.royalsociety.org%2FDServe%2Fdserve.exe%3FdsqIni%3DDserve.ini%26dsqApp%3DArchive%26dsqCmd%3DShow.tcl%26dsqDb%3DPersons%26dsqPos%3D1%26dsqSearch%3D%2528Surname%253D%2527hayes%2527%2529&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hayes+%28geneticist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hayes_(geneticist)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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