CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91351836b8aa9fd4',cH: 'yUOdAjpaPkmqqmxHrfkAd9vbWzDhjqaJW.K3V0V48oU-1739788148-1.2.1.1-cItc2kENoKkWgdCH3DzcF1c5EoH1hei18pnGaBE2LIICJqz4TtzAHNcnQOlLQouw',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=preference-based%20approach&__cf_chl_tk=EQFlylncGotwpIkNW3Fi.jlyL92KmtIJ_GSXm_Bc05Y-1739788148-1.0.1.1-Bo7jkriZukYfpRYviQqvKTAy1Xf8VAgVtmjGcU4Y0yo",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788148',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=preference-based%20approach&__cf_chl_f_tk=EQFlylncGotwpIkNW3Fi.jlyL92KmtIJ_GSXm_Bc05Y-1739788148-1.0.1.1-Bo7jkriZukYfpRYviQqvKTAy1Xf8VAgVtmjGcU4Y0yo",md: "6L6g_TeYng09tn7gBnD6tcUJpQv26IjH1na8jhOHE44-1739788148-1.2.1.1-l4kMpv2cytjZ9ajc9b8NfmuhETm.5awQZA1TGTLLuEgxOs_psz94Vo0nmmKPXZxg18N.9sZsud2zYHr7PtAFUgvEdH1AFR5h0u0zK0i8Hi6QGyZ4ppOSlL1d1pWecrjtxo0eq1Ie7w8vPwOlJHDZR4Sdf5GoYTXqpnhFba7fe9dLCCvXEYMNGuNtHS0DctuubTpY1VvytAolAC3gq8.KpvLRblx2nfJlpJXZ9gLUXjx5fkMESUyS432FpCudvWTXBmJ3iOJFaASCm1xZKLwIkY52WFeUglh2pAgA8Lf_PAWpPquWgpRFO5IjJGruEOuksqYbhynda9kaRZPeblKEsClE4bfeS25iQUaENMwHCdXs2B3MG8p8g60Padbhw.d3qGkg9ggtpOOjiDbOWGyWFKWPy4xEydWQ1HE6GCyecrDrOU1_ecQP.btapyt_rSwul0K.PQB0Ph_GKF_fe87UK772HRB5bNMDLrfHtwaBQjKNKgyw.vW0WMXgxNFs.z_cDQMP6fAWM9.aI5Ky5Mvriyler.3NgtO5Kl6KszGvq.eBiVW1zmZVT91q.lyiNdxozA.ZW49j_JiazlQLBFbwhk.o_9XG0.zRB2ojTxbL1Yc3OLL3LFHEWB5adcAg_b.FXPFOT.WjNIFXOjNeq2AGz8FjaZAc1mtoZqf1cQNMxUxUXnTi9iO6NRPz4BkjZzYqfEbREl6DNBGe5i4HCtR1KqRp_8mqwYe.O9bCNg38sR2Ez7duyPQ8V_czsFlRjLPL6nz0dvQF2cGLulDs6HkA5wHJC3hX0KS99SJYvAcOsYNRxWlOkys9B6sTNsqGKnxNCRnIMOMTw23P80EtG.wMo1dKJknNnIqjy8Hw52rE0N_5z_O7yzqECWryPWUHSPCTxH_GDbsb2g1FeTS6ZzvAaB0wKtebwCXlQbjgK.GNI0BaFQp2O38wQ1NvxoaALfoe_okyz_M7DaMMEUesLlvFvCf6NSZBoZishnbQQEawUXY3TKbULT.snowuJPr7FcU4sX9kJ0PEJDpo2DwN.4rpeeq1.PxetNctogM9tE56YvWVUgxxhWVnqXXvlFNfY6B.4pXhYfq_SQTQY0ODEdXI2tNio40bg1iaYQWn4g4oIUzTMUSObtST.F9AbqbPudSTegtK1zp6.KoPUPvojlBJOyQEWp7YkWpl5PXOJdklmVbprkkXK8HtffgDxvJAFgwrvIpE31GaR3JPgBqkEq9Z6durbhj0a22Sc4CzB7byBoUg1yq2XWKc4Vo3AN7pPKEi5_ZHcKYPfRs6aoEKhiGwb3yscwQq5FGKEql0rI_uY6EaM2Su112NNfsjlQzZ3SzHvPE5OxPInnEApj2hOuC4JiTVjyU9Qcn58rTXDYIUEQ5oWn7m07HIF4M3bhM37c.3Ih5ZuDJ6.jNMGBYMzIxNED40EWmOA77GXm0IO96Up0cgetAgPgMv5HoH7COXTLSRNvL8XNWy0DB8s5D.Y0VlGLMCiFlrKarDj7zPrmSB7WV0uCZgJcWR.KQQtkdk_ltco1r3bzX6iMoygQH4Gxfk3xpCDOYqN9vdcO0L06VNWz0bgFNPQXJGjmpHBckcQvduq.ccePzw4wjhvaohXw1BLmzFdakoIlDshdHFaFZ8zjm_q8lr1WUVuW5zwfu5.DIXwrN4THh01EjSfrssp3LgG5pX1F4i1vDG2ejrRNRI.F0VHyEnQO1e2SlqIpZaittCHu8JPXNWrSGQrdKFJ7YtMeUH9TEnOVVbPmLr6po1D5jNrTTeFfGzwcs5Iv_G2tAz6TUpp4nnncd8DNuqXcUukHpya4FqV_TkEClq65uxfgB3iZfXGvWUa_PaVvju8Ulr1vjDis2Nm2JHFFyOAEWvjcPan1blgEJeZVwA9SIhxAsRUdDJ0hgCLv2BLRznsZmoC6mJc6rFPYDNf2gsXLh1CNb1CS15n94.Ut3jPoRPEtuOL4E89fnAXwrrZjmCHrwf",mdrd: "vVnNGqJ6NhHuEAc6oUSCgwduuVlsDvDp3a310pUC4lA-1739788148-1.2.1.1-6PjvgEQNE.WDGHZMofZ8JzGHfMWCJbJGevBS2XkLzY5JG6F2r2bGx_E08ALBvCV9vGdsKx2fXJ7NVt8w5FUCvei_miE39Y8yrf6A2u_UG0pm9tX7FQMuKwDdNt3yj8LIONTUK_EnLPKsqgWGjtFeV3J2.02AKCA7Y7dQwsgK6Haq5GYmM8ZUA0ffCRBetkwY6PofxTdPkMsppYypvT79Pqoyz_KE66I0Ne5D5nznRTTsFdeuKa.V9ZpyUTXaFmqMALbETczX5.9lnUA8EWbwXDxCijnIuNB_NMFl09yQwsN5rokh8eZ94bBRF6jFyhARfh2vt0wwO3nvwdDHWGEGp2uGNR3XchW4wbqGj75ZEoJwiuY0Riwkb.BA9y2lpt.H1N_7DMGLflz7aAL.iMwXY0qoMrRYJswV.aBhHaMH8Nv6WTNETsjoXJDE.vKC99mGLcSwfFze8ppyvE5YoFTd.KgndnPb3lb93gOlWLe2F83Mc54pEDa9cQH4HbTYxZX16Qk9YcKz7bvnyKRE2m6AGhhfBm2NPq0J2K8QQYxtRelu1ri1lKurS7UkNhQIiXDhnRkybp9Wn2b2xwFMIfyUlwf2YgA071RFGnMo8re4b1O1DMESLA7F3miB81_pazuOkGiJdOrobDvHb_TfKZkOHnx8.kqbXNrhTKcE37.1KnesEjboql_2RACpoxVqmhG1cwKEMt_wF32AC6rjHDF.Q.qBS978owGzF6Lxin3XBgaO1k2dKZ48ckVqbgu8ffCORk9dympxPpbXFW0rs_BkmO2ZfK8eaRLo16FMqdLNPeuJ_aOHHzghf5MKaAB964EwFmYRpkMND.dCzyyP_uVZ63WPMFi6EecSJ6KvOYtpdmtspz0mOrVmos8TxQJ7ukI6nPbSSPu40Kz86AEfNGI1Iv5GwqYSNZSkn.AHUkZeRLQ46hTImuH2Msc625JcJK0t0p0l4elvoiXpPdpr1t7l9C5PE2fPFCkxMwSphRM4F4AhVQ1epfDnOZW7k289ErqO50.CPmNrumRYkHCHE.RUrMXGJM8HknBqdy1rWcR9CMIAvBC3rTZfFohsyJHoMyiDYdBt8N.yggBmn1y6lk171xWFf9q2swYFPHst83BYfwECVZMo9Pd6kbgKukRnVjtOA6egzB1xos_1n7AYZ_RpCaNfjYuQEwApmmXqkzLu99BzIV58Cm6QC4oRKtdvjYNBwL_wbS_AOHmC1Wy_P4Fjr_J7AsqANG8YUiJoZ8useqtTm0grAWNifdcmESWvPfn5SNFQb1MAGiOBiR50oh6HbJlhxdEkPKgxJ2Pirzjqb2juOB6Tf2bs6WXU4hXsMrIyG7CvFFVbE4GyMWiFO.aGFzoQHWZtIHGqO.Y90QwCVKUptF0L47R.ppik4p0kVxA658IPdpLUKQgu_I3Lxd8OV5rGM9.p1J7nC6LkSVGzklydIw6acS6F42oiJGWAvi584CydkO59ZszvU2nacNayW0wiLYmi6R8KWMPfXybxc7iicZI_ypg.1HZ50lz.yLLcy3fXfslCm8_RWyCxqkoLR1WrhIgw0cL7quRbZEwF60XKApUosPhg3ROyvf8mImUMDS6zdGWWPIT_qo_kpq2vsBWIe8Ua_He6ikcah5GCutrhXYmQMMkMzWHbicZGN4hUJUJ0M.65seVqd7RsYJZUpyx_81nNM5Ch3F8o44wr9m.Bs4EV0fIxBqrBNywqnlO1NfMxk8fpxyH9AJ53n2IwUWWqrsyyL_.t8GR5LGqZCBpo1JtlEVf4DJfhg3jX8kSxqYf_xal2Ru3VI1nJlPdg8zf..AZMdK.V5nvv5ikWKEs221SBmndH5ZZiiNE9eZJv40u0.Psx_s36J2_YV9nqcVSc38o1xlUBzvbX1yQIXpi8com6F_.C3Cy43tC7C4IO8eIT7G_kEdGMOrKuThZBfUkcInyC5g66oeuP5dvPvEfqgX7JXp9wDp5gK4x5L4EC"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91351836b8aa9fd4';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=preference-based%20approach&__cf_chl_rt_tk=EQFlylncGotwpIkNW3Fi.jlyL92KmtIJ_GSXm_Bc05Y-1739788148-1.0.1.1-Bo7jkriZukYfpRYviQqvKTAy1Xf8VAgVtmjGcU4Y0yo" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>